Academic literature on the topic 'Australian Civil Offsets Program'

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Journal articles on the topic "Australian Civil Offsets Program"

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PAPADOPOULOS, THEO. "THE AUSTRALIAN CIVIL OFFSETS PROGRAM: AN EVALUATION OF ITS ECONOMIC RATIONALE." Economic Papers: A journal of applied economics and policy 12, no. 4 (December 1993): 86–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1759-3441.1993.tb00904.x.

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Liesch, Peter. "THE AUSTRALIAN GOVERNMENT OFFSETS PROGRAM." Prometheus 4, no. 2 (December 1986): 306–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08109028608629022.

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Beak, Byungho, K. Larry Head, and Yiheng Feng. "Adaptive Coordination Based on Connected Vehicle Technology." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2619, no. 1 (January 2017): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2619-01.

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This paper presents a methodology that integrates coordination with adaptive signal control in a connected vehicle environment. The model consists of two levels of optimization. At the intersection level, an adaptive control algorithm allocates the optimal green time to each phase in real time by using dynamic programming that considers coordination constraints. At the corridor level, a mixed-integer linear program is formulated on the basis of data from the intersection level to optimize offsets along the corridor. After the corridor-level algorithm solves the optimization problem, the optimized offsets are sent to the intersection-level algorithm to update the coordination constraints. The model was compared with actuated–coordinated signal control by means of Vissim simulation. The results indicate that the model can reduce average delay and average number of stops for both coordinated routes and the entire network.
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Moodie, Marj, Michelle M. Haby, Boyd Swinburn, and Robert Carter. "Assessing Cost-Effectiveness in Obesity: Active Transport Program for Primary School Children—TravelSMART Schools Curriculum Program." Journal of Physical Activity and Health 8, no. 4 (May 2011): 503–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jpah.8.4.503.

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Background:To assess from a societal perspective the cost-effectiveness of a school program to increase active transport in 10- to 11-year-old Australian children as an obesity prevention measure.Methods:The TravelSMART Schools Curriculum program was modeled nationally for 2001 in terms of its impact on Body Mass Index (BMI) and Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) measured against current practice. Cost offsets and DALY benefits were modeled until the eligible cohort reached age 100 or died. The intervention was qualitatively assessed against second stage filter criteria (‘equity,’ ‘strength of evidence,’ ‘acceptability to stakeholders,’ ‘feasibility of implementation,’ ‘sustainability,’ and ‘side-effects’) given their potential impact on funding decisions.Results:The modeled intervention reached 267,700 children and cost $AUD13.3M (95% uncertainty interval [UI] $6.9M; $22.8M) per year. It resulted in an incremental saving of 890 (95%UI −540; 2,900) BMI units, which translated to 95 (95% UI −40; 230) DALYs and a net cost per DALY saved of $AUD117,000 (95% UI dominated; $1.06M).Conclusions:The intervention was not cost-effective as an obesity prevention measure under base-run modeling assumptions. The attribution of some costs to nonobesity objectives would be justified given the program’s multiple benefits. Cost-effectiveness would be further improved by considering the wider school community impacts.
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Lieberman, Edward B., Jinil Chang, and Elena Shenk Prassas. "Formulation of Real-Time Control Policy for Oversaturated Arterials." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1727, no. 1 (January 2000): 77–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1727-10.

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The formulation of a real-time traffic control policy designed expressly for oversaturated arterials is presented, and the operating protocol is described. Its objectives are to ( a) maximize system throughput, ( b) fully use storage capacity, and ( c) provide equitable service. This control policy, known as RT/IMPOST (real-time/internal metering policy to optimize signal timing), is designed to control queue growth on every saturated approach by suitably metering traffic to maintain stable queues. Consistent with this approach, bounds on queue lengths and signal offsets are determined. A mixed-integer linear program (MILP) tableau is formulated to yield optimal values of signal offsets and queue length for each approach. A nonlinear (quadratic) programming formulation adjusts the arterial green-phase durations of each signal cycle so that the actual arterial queue lengths on each saturated approach will continually closely approximate the optimal queue lengths computed by the MILP formulation. The policy principles are as follows: ( a) the signal phase durations “meter” traffic at intersections servicing oversaturated approaches to control and stabilize queue lengths and to provide equitable service to competing traffic streams; and ( b) the signal coordination (i.e., offsets) controls the interaction between incoming platoons and standing queues in a way that fully uses the available storage capacity, keeps intersections clear of queue spillback, and maximizes throughput.
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Stamatiadis, Chronis, and Nathan H. Gartner. "MULTIBAND-96: A Program for Variable-Bandwidth Progression Optimization of Multiarterial Traffic Networks." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1554, no. 1 (January 1996): 9–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198196155400102.

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Progression schemes are widely used for traffic signal control in urban arterial streets. Commonly available programs such as the MAXBAND or PASSER programs use the traditional approach, which consists of a uniform bandwidth design for each arterial. The multiband criterion, on the other hand, has the ability to adapt the progressions to the specific characteristics of each link in the network and thus obtain improved performance. The development and application of the multiband signal optimization scheme in multiarterial grid networks are described. The MULTIBAND-96 model optimizes all the signal control variables, including phase lengths, offsets, cycle time, and phase sequences, and generates variable bandwidth progressions on each arterial in the network. It uses the MINOS mathematical programming package for the optimization and offers considerable advantages compared with existing models. Simulation results using TRAF-NETSIM are given.
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Arsava, Tugba, Yuanchang Xie, and Nathan Gartner. "OD-NETBAND: An Approach for Origin–Destination Based Network Progression Band Optimization." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2672, no. 18 (August 23, 2018): 58–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198118793007.

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Traditional progression band optimization methods are focused on providing uninterrupted flow along arterial streets. For arterials with significant traffic streams joining and leaving from side streets, these approaches often generate poor traffic signal control performance. To address this deficiency, an origin–destination (OD) information based progression band optimization model, OD-BAND, was formulated to coordinate signals for arterials with major side-street traffic streams. This paper aims to extend the OD-BAND model further to address the OD based traffic signal coordination problem in multi-arterial grid networks. The extended model is able to create separate progression bands for each major OD stream in the network. In this expanded model, individual arterials are connected with loop constraints to ensure that offsets derived via different paths for a particular intersection are equal. The new OD-NETBAND model is formulated as a mixed integer linear program that maximizes the sum of each major OD stream’s progression bandwidth. It can optimize simultaneously cycle length, offsets, and phase sequences for the entire network. Performance of the new model is evaluated with AIMSUN microscopic simulation and is compared with MAXBAND-86 and Synchro results.
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Hoit, Marc, Cliff Hays, and Mike McVay. "The Florida Pier Analysis Program Methods and Models for Pier Analysis and Design." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1569, no. 1 (January 1997): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1569-01.

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The Florida Pier Analysis Program (FLPIER) was developed by the University of Florida Department of Civil Engineering in conjunction with the Florida Department of Transportation (FDOT) Structures Division. The program was developed in order to give pier designers a comprehensive model development and analysis tool to optimize pier designs. The current version is a nonlinear, static, soil-structure interaction suite of programs that run on a personal computer and include group pile effects, layered soil, pier columns and cap, high mast lighting, sound, and retaining walls. The program was designed to allow input to be specified graphically using “designer variables” such as spacing, offsets, number of columns, and so forth. Its use has reduced the time for model development and analysis from days to under an hour. The numerical modeling techniques used have been compared with experimental data and give highly accurate results leading to an improved overall design and reduced costs.
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Ibrahim, Matthew E., and Christine M. Scala. "Innovations in Smart Materials and Integrated Structural Health Monitoring in the Australian Defence Force." Advances in Science and Technology 56 (September 2008): 545–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.56.545.

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The Australian Defence Science and Technology Organisation (DSTO) has established a leading-edge program to enable the development and transitioning of innovative Smart Materials and Structures technology across the spectrum from fundamental science to use in the field. This program extends and harnesses technology in the area of Smart Materials, Sensors and Systems, in order to increase safety of Defence aircraft, ships, submarines and vehicles, increase availability, reduce the cost of asset ownership and operations, and enhance overall military capability. The program has linkages into broad networks, with strong university and industry relationships, and is also very relevant to the management of civil infrastructure and other equipment. We present here an overview of some key research areas within the DSTO Smart Materials and Structures Initiative, highlighting developments in : (i) Smart Materials, including environmentallyfriendly coatings that exhibit properties of greater flexibility and durability for aerospace applications, nano-crystalline coatings that provide increased wear resistance, and Defence applications for carbon nanotubes; (ii) Smart Sensing, including chemical, structural fatigue, fuel contamination, environmental degradation, corrosion and its precursors, and overheating and mechanical wear; and (iii) Smart Systems that employ innovative techniques to acquire and process data from a range of sensors by harvesting energy from local structures to power microelectronic circuits.
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Oliver, John W. H., Geoffrey W. Jameson, Kieran G. Sharp, Nicholas J. Vertessy, James R. Johnson-Clarke, and Allan J. Alderson. "Evaluation of Rut-Resistant Properties of Asphalt Mixes Under Field and Laboratory Conditions." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1590, no. 1 (January 1997): 53–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1590-07.

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The AUSTROADS Pavement Research Group and the Australian Asphalt Pavement Association agreed to support an accelerated loading field trial using the accelerated loading facility (ALF) to determine if newly developed test equipment and procedures could produce asphalt mixes with improved resistance to rutting. An extensive laboratory evaluation program was also undertaken for comparison of the predicted results with those observed under ALF loading. The results of the field trial and the laboratory tests, and their relationship, are presented.
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Books on the topic "Australian Civil Offsets Program"

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Garner, Alice, and Diane Kirkby. Academic ambassadors, Pacific allies. Manchester University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.7228/manchester/9781526128973.001.0001.

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This book recounts the history of the Fulbright Program in Australia, locating academic exchange in the context of US cultural diplomacy and revealing a complex relationship between governments, publicly funded research and the integrity of academic independence. The study is the first in-depth analysis of the Fulbright exchange program in a single country. Drawing on previously unexplored archives and a new oral history, the authors investigate the educational, political and diplomatic challenges experienced by Australian and American scholars who won awards and those who managed the complex bi-national program. The book begins with the scheme’s origins, moves through its Australian establishment during the early Cold War, Vietnam War dilemmas, civil rights and gender parity struggles and the impacts of mid-to-late 20th century belt-tightening. How the program’s goal of ‘mutual understanding’ was understood and enacted across six decades lies at the heart of the book, which weaves institutional and individual experiences together with broader geopolitical issues. Bringing a complex and nuanced analysis to the Australia-US relationship, the authors offer fresh insights into the global influence of the Fulbright Program. It is a compelling account of academic exchange as cultural diplomacy. It offers a critical appraisal of Fulbright achievements and limitations in avoiding political influence, integrating gender and racial diversity, absorbing conflict and dissent, and responding to economic fluctuations and social change
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Book chapters on the topic "Australian Civil Offsets Program"

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Leuprecht, Christian. "Australia." In Intelligence as Democratic Statecraft, 135–54. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192893949.003.0006.

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Intelligence accountability in Australia balances compliance and bodies whose systematic focus is on efficacy and financial review with independent intelligence reviews, commissions, and inquiries that focus on efficacy. Australia differs insofar as it is not subject to a constitutionally or supranationally enshrined civil right regime. A diversity of mechanisms, ranging from parliamentary committees and executive bodies to periodic independent reviews, fashion an oversight system that drives innovation. From the three Royal Hope Commissions to regular inquiries into the National Intelligence Community, Australia’s independent in-depth periodic reviews, inquiries, and commissions have a track-record of shaping and spurring change and innovation in the scope and structure of accountability across its broader intelligence and security community. The Australian tradition of independent expert intelligence reviews, commissions, and inquiries offsets the lack of accountability bodies dedicated to reviewing for efficacy and innovation. The chapter reviews the member organizations of the Australia’s National Intelligence Community, the strategic environment that has informed intelligence and accountability in Australia, national security threats as seen by Australia, as well as Australia’s systematic approach to reviewing and innovating its intelligence accountability architecture. It consists of the Inspector General of Intelligence and Security, the Parliamentary Joint Committee on Intelligence and Security, and the Independent National Security Law Monitor. Although similar to the United States Office of the Director of National Intelligence and the United Kingdom’s Joint Intelligence Organization, Australia’s Office of National Intelligence is quite unique insofar as neither the US and UK equivalents nor comparable offices in Canada and the New Zealand have an analogous accountability function. These mechanisms balance existing independent review mechanisms with mandates to review legislation and compliance, propriety, administration.
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