Journal articles: 'Australian Bureau of Statistics'

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Kwok, Jen Tsen, and Juliet Pietsch. "The Political Representation of Asian-Australian Populations since the End of White Australia." AAPI Nexus: Policy, Practice and Community 15, no. 1-2 (September 2017): 109–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.17953/1545-0317.15.1.109.

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The racial and ethnic landscape in Australia has changed markedly since the beginning of the postwar migration period in which migrants arrived from Europe, and later from Asia in the late 1970s. While Australians with European ancestry have gradually made it into state and federal parliament, there has been less visibility for Australians of Asian descent. This article provides an overview of demographic migration trends and levels of Asian-Australian political representation in state and federal politics, drawing on data from the Australian Bureau of Statistics and parliamentary websites. In doing so, we reflect on why political representation of Asian-Australian populations appears to be lagging so far behind.

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McLennan, W. "THE PRODUCT OF THE AUSTRALIAN BUREAU OF STATISTICS." Australian Journal of Statistics 38, no. 1 (April 1996): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-842x.1996.tb00359.x.

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Parker, Talei. "The DataLab of the Australian Bureau of Statistics." Australian Economic Review 50, no. 4 (November 30, 2017): 478–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-8462.12246.

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Olivier, Jake, Mahsa Esmaeilikia, Marilyn Johnson, Ben Beck, and Raphael Grzebieta. "Does the Australian Bureau of Statistics Method of Travel to Work data accurately estimate commuter cycling in Australia?" Journal of Road Safety 31, no. 2 (May 1, 2020): 48–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.33492/jrs-d-19-00178.

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The Australian Census of Population and Housing includes a responder’s Method of Travel to Work for Persons (MTWP) on Census Day. With some exceptions, responders can select multiple modes of transport. In Australia and overseas, this data has been used to estimate mode share and the proportion of Australians who utilize various active transport modes. This is especially true for cycling as there are scant data sources for Australian cycling exposure. The aims of this paper are to discuss weaknesses of MTWP data and the appropriateness of MTWP data to estimate cycling in Australia, and to assess changes in MTWP data relative to the introduction of bicycle helmet legislation. The use of MTWP data to estimate Australian cycling is limited due to: (1) data collection occurring on single days in winter once every five years, (2) it is not possible to identify a primary mode of transport, and (3) the 1976 data was not a full enumeration. MTWP data estimates about 1.5% of Australians cycle while other data sources are much higher ranging from 10% to 36%. With regard to bicycle helmet legislation, comparisons were made for each state/territory for the census immediately preceding helmet legislation and the following census. Overall, the proportion of cyclists among active transport users is similar from pre- to post-legislation (relative change=+1%, 95% CI: -13%, +18%), although all but two states/territories estimate an increase in cycling. In conclusion, the Australian government should invest in routinely collecting high-quality mobility data for all modes of travel to assist in the decision-making and assessment of road safety policies.

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Laugharne, Jonathan. "Poverty and mental health in Aboriginal Australia." Psychiatric Bulletin 23, no. 6 (June 1999): 364–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/pb.23.6.364.

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When the Australian Governor General, Sir William Deane, referred in a speech in 1996 to the “appalling problems relating to Aboriginal health” he was not exaggerating. The Australia Bureau of Statistics report on The Health and Welfare of Australia's Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples (McLennan & Madden, 1997) outlines the following statistics. The life expectancy for Aboriginal Australians is 15 to 20 years lower than for non-Aboriginal Australians, and is lower than for most countries of the world with the exception of central Africa and India. Aboriginal babies are two to three times more likely to be of lower birth weight and two to four times more likely to die at birth than non-Aboriginal babies. Hospitalisation rates are two to three times higher for Aboriginal than non-Aboriginal Australians. Death rates from infectious diseases are 15 times higher among Aboriginal Australians than non-Aboriginal Australians. Rates for heart disease, diabetes, injury and respiratory diseases are also all higher among Aboriginals – and so the list goes on. It is fair to say that Aboriginal people have higher rates for almost every type of illness for which statistics are currently recorded.

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Wood, Maryann. "Maryann Wood: Health Information Manager, Australian Bureau of Statistics." Health Information Management Journal 36, no. 2 (July 2007): 58–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/183335830703600211.

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Atyeo, Paul, and Marelle Rawson. "Health surveys conducted by the Australian Bureau of Statistics." New South Wales Public Health Bulletin 12, no. 8 (2001): 237. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/nb01080.

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Bahfen, Nasya. "1950s vibe, 21st century audience: Australia’s dearth of on-screen diversity." Pacific Journalism Review : Te Koakoa 25, no. 1&2 (July 31, 2019): 29–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.24135/pjr.v25i1and2.479.

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The difference between how multicultural Australia is ‘in real life’ and ‘in broadcasting’ can be seen through data from the Census, and from Screen Australia’s most recent research into on screen diversity. In 2016, these sources of data coincided with the Census, which takes place every five years. Conducted by the Australian Bureau of Statistics, this presents a ‘snapshot’ of Australian life. From the newest Census figures in 2016, it appears that nearly half of the population in Australia (49 percent) had either been born overseas (identifying as first generation Australian) or had one or both parents born overseas (identifying as second generation Australian). Nearly a third, or 32 percent, of Australians identified as having come from non-Anglo Celtic backgrounds, and 2.8 percent of Australians identify as Indigenous (Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander). Nearly a fifth, or 18 percent, of Australians identify as having a disability. Screen Australia is the government agency that oversees film and TV funding and research. Conducted in 2016, Screen Australia’s study looked at 199 television dramas (fiction, excluding animation) that aired between 2011 and 2015. The comparison between these two sources of data reveals that with one exception, there is a marked disparity between diversity as depicted in the lived experiences of Australians and recorded by the Census, and diversity as depicted on screen and recorded by the Screen Australia survey.

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Barrett, Greg, and Margaret Wallace. "Characteristics of Australian urban residential water users: implications for water demand management and whole of the system water accounting framework." Water Policy 11, no. 4 (August 1, 2009): 413–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wp.2009.061b.

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Data from the Australian Bureau of Statistics, Household Expenditure Survey for 1998/99, are used to investigate the characteristics of households with a high per capita water use in Canberra, Australia's capital city. The results indicate that higher per capita water use is a function of household size (with large households achieving economies of size by sharing water consuming resources) and household income (with wealthy individuals using more water per capita). Linking these findings to Australian Bureau of Statistics projections of shrinking household size, the authors conclude that the resultant decline in household efficiency will drive up the demand for water, unless offset by demand management policies that focus not just on consumer behaviour (e.g. water restrictions) but also on the water efficiency of housing and domestic water-using appliances.

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Madden, Richard, Nicola Fortune, and Julie Gordon. "Health Statistics in Australia: What We Know and Do Not Know." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 9 (April 19, 2022): 4959. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19094959.

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Australia is a federation of six states and two territories (the States). These eight governmental entities share responsibility for health and health services with the Australian Government. Mortality statistics, including causes of death, have been collected since the late 19th century, with national data produced by the (now) Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) from 1907. Each State introduced hospital in-patient statistics, assisted by State offices of the ABS. Beginning in the 1970s, the ABS conducts regular health surveys, including specific collections on Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples. Overall, Australia now has a comprehensive array of health statistics, published regularly without political or commercial interference. Privacy and confidentiality are guaranteed by legislation. Data linkage has grown and become widespread. However, there are gaps, as papers in this issue demonstrate. Most notably, data on primary care patients and encounters reveal stark gaps. This paper accompanies a range of papers from expert authors across the health statistics spectrum in Australia. It is hoped that the collection of papers will inform interested readers and stand as a comprehensive review of the strengths and weaknesses of Australian health statistics in the early 2020s.

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Campisano, Karen, and Duncan Stewart. "Fat a Taxing Matter." Deakin Papers on International Business Economics 1, no. 1 (January 1, 2008): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.21153/dpibe2008vol1no1art204.

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With increasing rates of obesity and associated obesity related diseases, much attention has been drawn to the latest obesity epidemic, with a variety of solutions proffered. There is a growing amount of evidence relating high intake of trans fats to obesity and coronary heart disease. It has been estimated that “obesity and its associated illnesses cost Australian society and governments a total of $21 billion in 2005”. (Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2008) Whilst rates of obesity in upper and middle classes is slowing down, obesity and diabetes rates in the lower socio-economic bracket of society (see Table 1) continue to climb at alarming rates (Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2008)

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Tam, Siu-Ming, and Frederic Clarke. "Big Data, Official Statistics and Some Initiatives by the Australian Bureau of Statistics." International Statistical Review 83, no. 3 (June 17, 2015): 436–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/insr.12105.

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Stankewytsch-Janusch, Bohdan. "The ABS and Health Information." Australian Medical Record Journal 22, no. 2 (June 1992): 61–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/183335839202200206.

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The Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) is the central statistical authority in Australia. This paper firstly presents a general overview of the ABS's responsibilities, structure, and activities. It then discusses the role of the ABS in the health arena in which there are several other agencies with statistical responsibilities; it describes the collections which the ABS currently undertakes to provide statistics on health status, risk factors, and health services; and, finally, outlines a range of new initiatives in health statistics which the ABS plans to implement over the next few years.

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Scutt, Jocelynne A. "Religious Freedom and the Australian Constitution – Origins and Future." Denning Law Journal 30, no. 2 (August 8, 2019): 207–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.5750/dlj.v30i2.1766.

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The most recent Australian Census, conducted by the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) in 2016 (with a 95.1 per cent response rate), confirms that Australia is ‘increasingly a story of religious diversity, with Hinduism, Sikhism, Islam, and Buddhism all increasingly common religious beliefs’.1 Of these, between 2006 and 2016 Hinduism shows the ‘most significant growth’, attributed to immigration from South East Asia, whilst Islam (2.6 per cent of the population) and Buddhism (2.4 per cent) were the most common religions reported next to Christianity, the latter ‘remaining the most common religion’ (52 per cent stating this as their belief). Nevertheless, Christianity is declining, dropping from 88 per cent in 1966 to 74 per cent in 1991, and thence to the 2016 figure. At the same time, nearly one-third of Australians (30 per cent) state they have no religion, this group reflecting ‘a trend for decades’ which, says the ABS, is ‘accelerating’

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Power, Tim. "Development in Information and Communications Technology (ICT) Statistics at the Australian Bureau of Statistics." International Statistical Review 71, no. 1 (January 15, 2007): 59–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-5823.2003.tb00185.x.

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Wilson, Tom. "The forecast accuracy of Australian Bureau of Statistics national population projections." Journal of Population Research 24, no. 1 (March 2007): 91–117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03031880.

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Yan, Mengqi, Yuting Yuan, and Skanda Eshwar Chandra Rajachandra. "Do skilled immigrants affect the wage rate of Australian workers?" Deakin Papers on International Business Economics 6 (July 30, 2013): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.21153/dpibe2013vol6no0art45.

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We hypothesise that skilled immigration increases the wage rate in Australia. Our alternative hypothesis is that skilled immigration decreases the wage rate in Australia. The data used for this research comes from the Australian Bureau of Statistics and Department of Immigration andCitizenship. Based on our analysis, we find that there is positive relationship between high-skilled immigration and employee earnings per hour.We also find that low-skilled immigrants have a negative effect on employee earnings per hour. We believe that low-skilled workers are easily replaced such that low-skilled immigrants are substitutes to Australian low-skilled workers. However, there are some limitations of our research. Notably, our result are restricted to three occupations.

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Wootton, Bethany M., and Nickolai Titov. "Distance Treatment of Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder." Behaviour Change 27, no. 2 (June 1, 2010): 112–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1375/bech.27.2.112.

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AbstractObsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) is an important mental health problem. The Australian National Survey of Mental Health and Wellbeing estimates the 12-month prevalence of OCD is 1.9% (Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2007). Individuals with OCD experience considerable impairment in daily functioning. Cognitive and behavioural therapy for OCD has been shown to be effective, however, accessibility to evidence based treatments is limited in Australia, especially for those living in rural and remote communities. Treatment delivered in a remote fashion may improve accessibility to such treatments. The present review aimed to evaluate the current status of evidence based treatments for OCD delivered remotely.

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Gide, Sene, Sandie Wong, Frances Press, and Belinda Davis. "Cultural diversity in the Australian early childhood education workforce: What do we know, what don’t we know and why is it important?" Australasian Journal of Early Childhood 47, no. 1 (December 6, 2021): 48–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/18369391211057292.

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This paper reviews current literature and research relevant to the Culturally and Linguistically Diverse (CALD) Early Childhood Education (ECE) workforce in Australia, including data from the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS). Australia is a highly multicultural society, with one out of every three people born overseas. Anecdotally, the Australian early childhood sector is reported to have a highly multicultural workforce. Yet there is a noticeable lack of data and research concerning cultural diversity in the Australian ECE workforce. This paper reports on the data from the ABS-Census of Population and Housing (ABS-Census), the small body of literature on the CALD ECE workforce and literature pertaining to CALD in other Australian workforces to argue that more data and research is needed. Developing a richer understanding of the status, experience and contributions of CALD educators would enable the sector to recognise and support the potential benefits of such a workforce for children and families and social cohesion in Australia.

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Knipe, Sally, and Christine Bottrell. "Staffing remote schools: Perennial failure." Journal of Global Education and Research 7, no. 2 (July 2023): 183–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.5038/2577-509x.7.2.1197.

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Educational and socioeconomic disadvantage in remote communities, and the inadequacies of government action to bring about significant change needs to be addressed. This article presents a descriptive study examining the complexities of staffing remote and very remote schools in Australia with appropriately-qualified teachers. The findings of analysis of data from the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) on behalf of the Australian Government through the National Schools Statistics Collection (NSSC) indicate that the majority of students in remote schools in Australia live, and are educated in, Indigenous communities in three jurisdictions. This raises concerns of unacknowledged and unacceptable discrimination. Complexity within the current approach to resourcing of remote and very remote schools in Australia, especially in relation to economies of scale are explored. The analysis of existing data was discussed, and how this may be used to address the perennial failure to develop quality decisions, particularly in areas of resourcing in remote and very remote schools.

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Shield, Jennifer, Sabine Braat, Matthew Watts, Gemma Robertson, Miles Beaman, James McLeod, Robert W. Baird, et al. "Seropositivity and geographical distribution of Strongyloides stercoralis in Australia: A study of pathology laboratory data from 2012–2016." PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 15, no. 3 (March 9, 2021): e0009160. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009160.

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Background There are no national prevalence studies of Strongyloides stercoralis infection in Australia, although it is known to be endemic in northern Australia and is reported in high risk groups such as immigrants and returned travellers. We aimed to determine the seropositivity (number positive per 100,000 of population and percent positive of those tested) and geographical distribution of S. stercoralis by using data from pathology laboratories. Methodology We contacted all seven Australian laboratories that undertake Strongyloides serological (ELISA antibody) testing to request de-identified data from 2012–2016 inclusive. Six responded. One provided positive data only. The number of people positive, number negative and number tested per 100,000 of population (Australian Bureau of Statistics data) were calculated including for each state/territory, each Australian Bureau of Statistics Statistical Area Level 3 (region), and each suburb/town/community/locality. The data was summarized and expressed as maps of Australia and Greater Capital Cities. Principal findings We obtained data for 81,777 people who underwent serological testing for Strongyloides infection, 631 of whom were from a laboratory that provided positive data only. Overall, 32 (95% CI: 31, 33) people per 100,000 of population were seropositive, ranging between 23/100,000 (95% CI: 19, 29) (Tasmania) and 489/100,000 population (95%CI: 462, 517) (Northern Territory). Positive cases were detected across all states and territories, with the highest (260-996/100,000 and 17–40% of those tested) in regions across northern Australia, north-east New South Wales and north-west South Australia. Some regions in Greater Capital Cities also had a high seropositivity (112-188/100,000 and 17–20% of those tested). Relatively more males than females tested positive. Relatively more adults than children tested positive. Children were under-represented in the data. Conclusions/Significance The study confirms that substantial numbers of S. stercoralis infections occur in Australia and provides data to inform public health planning.

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Almutairi, K., J. Nossent, D. Preen, H. Keen, and C. Inderjeeth. "POS0632 THE LONGITUDINAL ASSOCIATIONS OF METHOTREXATE AND BIOLOGIC USE ON HOSPITAL ADMISSION FOR RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS PATIENTS IN WESTERN AUSTRALIA POPULATION (1995- 2014)." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 80, Suppl 1 (May 19, 2021): 554.1–554. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.3230.

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Background:Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) carries a substantial burden for patients and society in terms of morbidity, enduring disability, and costs [1]. The Australian Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (PBS) has subsidised biological disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (B-DMARDs) since 2003 [2].Objectives:We examined the impact of B-DMARDs availability on RA hospitalisation rate in the Western Australia (WA) population pre- and post- B-DMARDs introduction to the PBS (1995-2002 and 2003-2014).Methods:Population PBS dispensing data for WA of DMARD were obtained and converted to defined daily doses (DDD)/1000 population/day using the WA population census. RA inpatient records were extracted from the WA Hospital Morbidity Data Collection using ICD-9 codes 714 and ICD-10 codes M05.00–M06.99). Principal component analysis (PCA) was applied to determine the relationship between DMARDs use and RA hospital admission rates.Results:There was a total of 17,125 patients who had 50,353 admissions with a diagnostic code for RA during the study period. DMARD use for RA rose from 1.45 to 3.19 DDD/1000 population/day over 1995-2014 (Figure 1). In 1995-2002, the number of RA admissions fell from 7.9 to 2.6 per 1000 hospital separations, then dropped further from 2.9 to 1.9 per 1000 hospital separations in 2003-2014. Based on PCA analysis, conventional DMARDs (methotrexate) and B-DMARDs dispensing had an inverse association with hospital admissions for RA.Conclusion:The increased availability of conventional and biological DMARDs for RA was associated with a significant decline in hospital admissions for RA patients in WA.References:[1]Boonen A, Severens JL (2011) The burden of illness of rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Rheumatol 30:3-8.[2]Medicare Australia (2020) Pharmaceutical Benefits Schedule statistics. http://medicarestatistics.humanservices.gov.au/statistics/pbs_item.jsp.Figure 1.The hospital separations and total drugs use patterns of RA in 1995-2014 in Western Australia.Acknowledgements:Supported by an Australian Government Research Training Program PhD Scholarship at the University of Western Australia.Disclosure of Interests:Khalid Almutairi: None declared, Johannes Nossent Speakers bureau: Janssen, David Preen: None declared, Helen Keen Speakers bureau: Pfizer Australia, Abbvie Australia, Charles Inderjeeth Speakers bureau: bureau: Eli Lilly

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Maybery, Darryl John, Andrea E. Reupert, Kent Patrick, Melinda Goodyear, and Lin Crase. "Prevalence of parental mental illness in Australian families." Psychiatric Bulletin 33, no. 1 (January 2009): 22–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/pb.bp.107.018861.

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Aims and MethodTo provide multiple estimates of the numbers of Australian and Victorian families and children living in families where a parent has had a mental illness. We used the Australian Bureau of Statistics Victorian Mental Health Branch service usage and data collected from 701 community participants to triangulate prevalence information.ResultsAccording to population estimates, 23.3% of all children in Australia have a parent with a non-substance mental illness, 20.4% of mental health service users have dependent children and 14.4% of the community study participants report having at least one parent with a mental illness.Clinical ImplicationsThe multiple prevalence estimates of the numbers of children in families with parental mental illness provide fundamental information for psychiatric policy, planning and programming.

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Dempsey, Ian, and Phil Foreman. "Trends and Influences in the Integration of Students with Disabilities in Australia." Australasian Journal of Special Education 19, no. 2 (January 1995): 47–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1030011200023459.

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Although support for the integration of students with disabilities has increased in the past 20 years in Australia, it has not been clear to what extent this support has resulted in less restrictive educational placements for these students. This paper reports the results of an analysis of trends in the placement of students with disabilities in Australian schools. The paper also discusses the influence on this educational placement by sex, age and number of disabilities of school students, and their State of residence. This discussion follows the analysis of portions of a national data set compiled by the Australian Bureau of Statistics that related to people with disabilities.

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Wilson, Tom. "Forecast Accuracy and Uncertainty of Australian Bureau of Statistics State and Territory Population Projections." International Journal of Population Research 2012 (November 8, 2012): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/419824.

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Errors from past rounds of population projections can provide both diagnostic information to improve future projections as well as information for users on the likely uncertainty of current projections. This paper assesses the forecast accuracy of official Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) population projections for the states and territories of Australia and is the first major study to do so. For the states and territories, it is found that, after 10-year projection durations, absolute percentage errors lie between about 1% and 3% for the states and around 6% for the territories. Age-specific population projections are also assessed. It is shown that net interstate migration and net overseas migration are the demographic components of change which contributed most to forecast error. The paper also compares ABS projections of total population against simple linear extrapolation, finding that, overall, ABS projections just outperformed extrapolation. No identifiable trend in accuracy over time is detected. Under the assumption of temporal stability in the magnitude of error, empirical prediction intervals are created from past errors and applied to the current set of ABS projections. The paper concludes with a few ideas for future projection rounds.

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Posker, Debbie. "The Australian Bureau of Statistics collection: four NSW university libraries compare notes." Australian Library Journal 46, no. 2 (January 1997): 199–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00049670.1997.10755801.

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KHAN, YASMIN Kamall. "A Time-Lag Study of the Effect of Organisational Capital on Innovation in Australia SMEs." Journal of Management Info 6, no. 1 (February 23, 2019): 39–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.31580/jmi.v6i1.124.

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This study explores the strategic links between organisational capital and innovation performance in Australian SMEs. This study classified organisational capital as information technology as per hardware and software; and equipment or machinery that was applied in the firm. A sample involving SME from various industries was adapted from the Business Longitudinal Database (BLD) from the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS). The analyses validate that information technology capabilities is essential for achieving innovation performance. However the relationship decline over time for different type of innovation. Thus, SME managers should be carefully in investing in appropriate information technology in order to facilitate innovation in their firm. Key Words: SMEs, Organisational capital, Innovation, Australia

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Dudko, Yevgeni, Dennis E. Robey, Estie Kruger, and Marc Tennant. "Identifying and Ranking Areas of Relative Need for New Public Dental Clinics Using a State-of-the-Art Data Simulation Approach." Asia Pacific Journal of Health Management 12, no. 1 (April 25, 2017): 11–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.24083/apjhm.v12i1.91.

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Background: Lower socioeconomic groups and country residents are more likely to experience dental disease. Previous research has found that it is generally more cost effective to provide subsidised dental care through publically employed dentists when compared to subcontracting the work out to the private sector. Objective: The primary objective of this study was to identify and rank areas of relative need for new public dental care facilities across Australia. The secondary objective was to gauge how many of these areas arelocated in the vicinity of an existing public hospital (medical) with a view to utilise existing infrastructure for future service rollout. Methods: Usual resident population, employment status and socioeconomic distribution data was downloaded from the Australian Bureau of Statistics website at Statistical Area 1 level. A mathematical weighing formula was applied to those variables, which subsequently allowed for ranking of the results based on magnitude of the product values. The findings were considered in terms of proximity to existing public health infrastructure. Results: A total of 49 SA1 areas were identified and preselected as potential sites for new public dental clinics across Australia. Eighty per cent of the identified areas of relative need were located outside metropolitanareas. Fifty per cent of those were found to be in close proximity to an existing public hospital (medical). Conclusion: Offering subsidised dental care through existing public hospitals may be an option. Such an approach has a potential to improve access to subsidised dental care in regional centres while minimising capitalexpenditure on infrastructure. Abbreviations: ABS – Australian Bureau of Statistics; ASGS – Australian Statistical Geography Standard; SEIFA – Socio-Economic Indexes for Areas

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Paynter, Q., S. M. Csurhes, T. A. Heard, J. Ireson, M. H. Julien, J. Lloyd, W. M. Lonsdale, W. A. Palmer, A. W. Sheppard, and R. D. van Klinken. "Worth the risk? Introduction of legumes can cause more harm than good: an Australian perspective." Australian Systematic Botany 16, no. 1 (2003): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sb01025.

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Weeds are serious threats to Australia's primary production and biodiversity conservation. For example, a recent Australia Bureau of Statistics survey found that 47% of farmers across Australia have a significant weed problem. A literature review revealed that legumes represent a significant proportion of the national weed problem and most serious Australian legume weeds are exotic thicket-forming species that were deliberately introduced for their perceived beneficial properties, such as for shade and fodder, or even quite trivial reasons, such as garden ornamentals. The low economic value of the rangelands most of these species infest, compared with control costs, hinders chemical and mechanical control of these weeds, such that biological control, which takes time, is expensive to implement and has no guarantee of success, may represent the only economically viable alternative to abandoning vast tracts of land. We argue that, because the behaviour of an introduced species in a novel environment is so hard to forecast, better predictive techniques should be developed prior to further introductions of plant species into novel environments. We also discuss the potential of legumes currently being promoted in Australia to become weeds and suggest the recent trend of exporting Australian Acacia spp. to semiarid regions of Africa risks history repeating itself and the development of new weed problems that mirror those posed by Australian Acacia spp. in southern Africa.

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Chipperfield, James, James Brown, and Philip Bell. "Estimating the Count Error in the Australian Census." Journal of Official Statistics 33, no. 1 (March 1, 2017): 43–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jos-2017-0003.

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Abstract In many countries, counts of people are a key factor in the allocation of government resources. However, it is well known that errors arise in Census counting of people (e.g., undercoverage due to missing people). Therefore, it is common for national statistical agencies to conduct one or more “audit” surveys that are designed to estimate and remove systematic errors in Census counting. For example, the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) conducts a single audit sample, called the Post Enumeration Survey (PES), shortly after each Australian Population Census. This article describes the estimator used by the ABS to estimate the count of people in Australia. Key features of this estimator are that it is unbiased when there is systematic measurement error in Census counting and when nonresponse to the PES is nonignorable.

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Chipperfield, James, John Newman, Gwenda Thompson, Yue Ma, and Yan-Xia Lin. "Prospects for Protecting Business Microdata when Releasing Population Totals via a Remote Server." Journal of Official Statistics 35, no. 2 (June 1, 2019): 319–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jos-2019-0015.

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Abstract Many statistical agencies face the challenge of maintaining the confidentiality of respondents while providing as much analytical value as possible from their data. Datasets relating to businesses present particular difficulties because they are likely to contain information about large enterprises that dominate industries and may be more easily identified. Agencies therefore tend to take a cautious approach to releasing business data (e.g., trusted access, remote access and synthetic data). The Australian Bureau of Statistics has developed a remote server, called TableBuilder, which has the capability to allow users to specify and request tables created from business microdata. The tables are confidentialised automatically by perturbing cell values, and the results are returned quickly to the users. The perturbation method is designed to protect against attacks, which are attempts to undo the confidentialisation, such as the well-known differencing attack. This paper considers the risk and utility trade-off when releasing three Australian Bureau of Statistics business collections via its TableBuilder product.

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Chipperfield, James, Daniel Gow, and Bronwyn Loong. "The Australian Bureau of Statistics and releasing frequency tables via a remote server." Statistical Journal of the IAOS 32, no. 1 (February 27, 2016): 53–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/sji-160969.

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Tam, S. M., and Regina Kraayenbrink. "Data communication – Emerging international trends and practices of the Australian Bureau of Statistics." Statistical Journal of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe 23, no. 4 (June 8, 2007): 229–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/sju-2006-23401.

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Howard, Cosmo. "The politics of numbers: explaining recent challenges at the Australian Bureau of Statistics." Australian Journal of Political Science 54, no. 1 (October 10, 2018): 65–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10361146.2018.1531110.

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Swerissen, Hal. "Editorial: CoAG and Primary Health Reform." Australian Journal of Primary Health 12, no. 1 (2006): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py06001.

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Chronic disease prevention and management, integration and community care continue to be key themes for primary health and community care as the papers in this issue of the Journal attest. Three quarters of Australians have an ongoing chronic illness (Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2006). The Council of Australian Governments has recently emphasised the importance of health promotion and disease prevention (Council of Australian Governments, 2006), but to date proposals for action have been disappointing. There is now a plethora of research on these issues and innovative policy and practice to deal with them. There is little doubt that primary health and community care programs are important for the effective delivery of chronic disease prevention. Yet, it remains difficult to get concrete progress towards a national policy framework for primary health and community care. Instead we have incremental, piecemeal attempts at reform. Why is this so?

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Graham, Bree, Marc Tennant, Yulia Shiikha, and Estie Kruger. "Distribution of Australian private dental practices: contributing underlining sociodemographics in the maldistribution of the dental workforce." Australian Journal of Primary Health 25, no. 1 (2019): 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py17177.

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The vast distances across Australia and the uneven population distribution form a challenging environment in providing the population with health and dental care. The Australian dental workforce distribution was analysed by using statistics from the open Census source available on the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) website. This study aimed to construct a detailed analysis of the large differences in the practice-to-population (PtP) ratios across Australia, as well as the effect of maldistribution for rural and remote areas, where economics plays an important role. The national Census data at the level of Statistical Area Level 2 (SA2) (approximating suburbs) from 2011 was integrated with the location of all private dental practices in Australia (collected in late 2015) using modern geographic tools. All private dental practice (n=7597) location coordinates were mapped nationwide, across 2157 statistical areas. The population in Australia without a dental practice in their area was 31.6%. The PtP ratio differed from one practice per 40 people to one practice per 27773 people. The nationwide calculation of the PtP ratio shines light on issues about the dental workforce. The study results confirmed the uneven distribution of dental practices in rural and remote areas and socioeconomically disadvantaged areas.

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Khan, Yasmin Kamall, Sharifah Zannierah Syed Marzuki, and Azlin Shafinaz Mohd Arshad. "The Influence of Intellectual Capital on Product, Process and Administration Innovation in the SMEs Context." Journal of Management Info 5, no. 3 (September 3, 2018): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.31580/jmi.v5i3.79.

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There are insufficient studies that investigate the connection between human, structural and relational capital and organizational innovation in Australian SMEs in the literature. Various SMEs industries, in Australia were adapted from Business Longitudinal Database (BLD) from the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS). This cross-sectional study shows that relational and human capitals are positive and significant towards process innovation while relational capital is the only predictor for product innovation. The results also show that human, structural and relational capitals were the most significant predictor for administration innovation. The findings show that relational capital has the most significant relationship between the three components of intellectual capital towards innovation in Australia SMEs. SME managers acknowledged the importance in collaboration towards achieving innovation performance in their firm. In order for SMEs to be a competitive advantage, managers should focus to improve their networking and collaboration with external parties, so that the whole innovation (product, process and administration innovation) can be achieve.

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Lamb, Stephen. "Completing School in Australia: Trends in the 1990s." Australian Journal of Education 42, no. 1 (April 1998): 5–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000494419804200102.

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AFTER a period of dramatic growth in school completion in Australia, rates of school retention have begun to decline. At its peak in 1992 the national rate of retention to Year 12 was approximately 77 per cent. By 1995 the rate had fallen to 72 per cent. The aim of this paper is to document state, system, and social differences in the recent downturn in school completion rates in Australia. Data from the Australian Bureau of Statistics and from the Australian Youth Survey are used to look at patterns across states, school systems, geographical locations, social backgrounds, and by sex. The results suggest that during the 1990s the downturn in completion has been uneven and some groups of users which had come to rely on schooling during the 1980s for their future economic security are now turning away from school. The findings indicate a continuing need to monitor the numbers of young people completing school and their backgrounds.

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Zhang, Wei Emma, Ruidong Chang, Minhao Zhu, and Jian Zuo. "Time Series Visualization and Forecasting from Australian Building and Construction Statistics." Applied Sciences 12, no. 5 (February 25, 2022): 2420. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12052420.

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The Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) regularly releases statistical information, for the whole of Australia, for public access. Building- and construction-related statistics are important to reflect the status of this pillar industry of Australia and help researchers, practitioners, and investors with decision-making. Due to complex retrieval hierarchy of ABS’s website and irregular update frequency, it is usually time-consuming to find relevant information. Moreover, browsing the raw data from ABS’s webpages could not provide the insights to the future. In this work, we applied techniques from computer science to help users in the building and construction domain to better explore the ABS statistics and forecast the future trends. Specifically, we built an integrated Web application that could help collect, sort, and visualize the ABS statistics in a user-friendly and customized way. Our Web application is publicly accessible. We further injected our insights into the Web application, based on the existing data by providing online forecasting on user’s interested information. To achieve this, we identified a series of related economic factors as features and adjusted a multi-variant, LSTM-based time series forecasting model by considering the most informative factors. We also compared our approach with the most widely used SARIMA-based forecasting model to show the effectiveness of the deep learning-based models. The forecast values are depicted at the end of the time series plots, selected by the users.

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Cantor, Chris, and Kerryn Neulinger. "The Epidemiology of Suicide and Attempted Suicide among Young Australians." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 34, no. 3 (June 2000): 370–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/j.1440-1614.2000.00756.x.

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Objective: This paper summarises a report to the NHMRC the objectives of which were to review research into the epidemiology of youth suicide in Australia and identify gaps in research. Method: Literature searches were conducted. A limited amount of new data analysis was included to shed light on reliability issues of official Australian suicide data. Results: The review examined suicide data systems, including issues to do with coroners, the Australian Bureau of Statistics and alternative systems. The epidemiological areas reviewed included: all ages, youth, age and gender, geographical, socioeconomic, marital, indigenous, migrants, suicides in custody and gay and lesbian suicides. Conclusion: While much is known about the epidemiology of youth suicide, much remains to be clarified. Study of indigenous issues is perhaps the most neglected area; study of family issues may be potentially be the most productive.

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Dickinson, Teresa, and Siu-Ming Tam. "Measuring client servicing in the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) – a balanced scorecard approach." Statistical Journal of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe 21, no. 1 (November 23, 2004): 7–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/sju-2004-21102.

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Eldejany, Raed. "Work Health and Safety in Small Business-A Pilot Study in the Australian Construction Industry." International Journal of Business Administration 9, no. 4 (June 13, 2018): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/ijba.v9n4p103.

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Work accidents impacts negatively on the physical, mental and social welfare of employees, increase cost of production, and make firms less competitive. The construction industry in Australia consists of 96% small business and has the fifth largest incident rates of serious injury of all industries. Nevertheless, recent statistics by the Australian Bureau of Statistics show noticeable improvement in safety performance within the construction industry compared to previous years.This descriptive pilot study attempts to verify small business contribution to this recent improvement. Ten owner managers are surveyed in order to examine their commitment to work health and safety using a 34 self-completion questionnaire. The findings show that small business owners in the construction industry take a positive approach toward work health and safety in their work environment.This study represents only a snapshot of the reality of small construction business commitment to work health and safety in Australia and can’t be generalised to a wider population, therefore further research with larger samples is required to confirm the findings of this study.

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Carroll, Tom E., and Laurie Van Veen. "Public Health Social Marketing: The Immunise Australia Program." Social Marketing Quarterly 8, no. 1 (March 2002): 55–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15245000212542.

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The case study presented here represents the application of social marketing theory and practice to increase the levels of full age-appropriate childhood immunization as part of the Immunise Australia Program. In 1995, an Australian Bureau of Statistics survey found that only 33% of Australian children up to 6 years of age were fully immunized according to the schedule being recommended at the time, and 52% were assessed as being fully immunized according to the previous schedule (ABS, 1996). In response to this situation, the Australian Government formulated the Immunise Australia Program. This program comprised a number of initiatives, including: ▪ improvements to immunization practice and service delivery; ▪ establishment of a National Centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance; ▪ negotiation with State and Territory Governments to introduce requirements for immunization prior to commencing school; ▪ financial incentives for doctors and parents/guardians; ▪ a national childhood immunization education campaign; and ▪ a specific Measles Control Campaign. While recognizing the key role played by structural and policy reform within the formulation and implementation of a social marketing strategy, this article focuses primarily on the community education components of this program.

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Panegyres, Peter K., and Victoria Gray. "Dementia risk factors for Australian baby boomers." Neurology International 2, no. 1 (July 1, 2010): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/ni.2010.e13.

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Baby boomers are individuals born in the years 1946 to 1965. The objective of this paper was to define the risk factors for dementia and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and their relevance to Australian baby boomers, with the aim of providing evidence-based guidelines for dementia prevention. A series of PubMed searches (1994-2010) were conducted with relevant key words. Data was included from the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) in relation to baby boomers in Australia. Article titles and abstracts were assessed by two reviewers for inclusion. Searches through ABS revealed no specific study on baby boomers at a national level; information was only available for Western Australia, South Australia and Queensland. A number of genetic and non-genetic risk factors for dementia were identified most of which remain controversial and require further study. We did not identify significant differences in the prevalence and incidence of dementia in those under 65 years in Queensland, South Australia and Western Australia. There were no correlations of risk factors and dementia between the Australian states. Modification of risk factors has not been proven to reduce the incidence and prevalence of dementia and AD in baby boomers. Nevertheless, on available evidence, we recommend: i) active management of cardiovascular risk factors such as hypertension; ii) the encouragement of a healthy lifestyle (eg, weight reduction, exercise) as offering the best pathways to reduce the emerging dementia risk for baby boomers. The implications are that activities promoting a healthy heart might lead to a healthy brain and help to prevent dementia.

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D'Onise, Katina, Yan Wang, and Robyn McDermott. "The Importance of Numbers: Using Capture-recapture to make the Homeless Count in Adelaide." Australian Journal of Primary Health 13, no. 1 (2007): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py07012.

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An important problem for the homeless service sector is understanding the size of homeless populations, which has implications on planning services and social policy. The aim of this study is to apply capture-recapture methods to count the primary homeless population in the Adelaide city council area, to examine the use of an alternative method to the Australian Bureau of Statistics census. Capture-recapture techniques were used to analyse homeless registers from three different services to estimate the number of primary homeless people in the Adelaide city council area from 19 June to 19 September 2005. Log-linear model and the sample coverage method were employed to analyse the data. The log-linear model results gave a population estimate of 455 (95% confidence interval 299, 762), and the sample coverage method of 311 (95% confidence interval 229, 466), compared with 104 from the Australian Bureau of Statistics census. Multiple sources of information utilising different methodologies should be considered together when attempting to plan services for primary homeless people, as all available techniques have important limitations. Capture-recapture is an important method to supplement any attempt at enumeration of hidden, mobile or difficult-to-reach populations.

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Clarke, Philip, and Andrew Leigh. "Understanding the impact of lockdowns on short-term excess mortality in Australia." BMJ Global Health 7, no. 11 (November 2022): e009032. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2022-009032.

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During 2020 and 2021, Australia implemented relatively stringent government restrictions yet had few COVID-19 deaths. This provides an opportunity to understand the effects of lockdowns and quarantining restrictions on short-term mortality and to help provide evidence in understanding how such public health policies can impact on health. Our analysis is based on preliminary mortality data collected by the Australian Bureau of Statistics. Rates were estimated by disease and over time and compared with mortality statistics in the period 2015–2019. Comparing deaths in 2020-2021 with 2015–2019 show the annual mortality rate (per 100 000 people) fell by 5.9% from 528.4 in 2015–2019 to 497.0 in 2020–2021. Declines in mortality are across many disease categories including respiratory diseases (down 9.4 deaths per 100 000), cancer (down 7.5 deaths per 100 000) and heart disease (down 8.4 deaths per 100 000). During 2020 and 2021, Australian age-standardised mortality rates fell by 6%. This drop was similar for men and women, and was driven by a reduction in both communicable and non-communicable causes of death. Such evidence can help inform public health policies designed to both control COVID-19 and other infectious diseases.

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Comino, Elizabeth J., Mark F. Harris, Elizabeth Harris, Gawaine Powell Davies, Tien Chey, and Stephen Lillioja. "The National Health Survey 2001: usefulness to inform a discussion on access to and use of quality primary health care using type 2 diabetes mellitus as an example." Australian Health Review 30, no. 4 (2006): 496. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah060496.

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Introduction: This paper explores the usefulness of the 2001 Australian Bureau of Statistics National Health Survey (2001 NHS) for examining access to and use of quality primary health care (PHC) in Australia, using diabetes as an example. Methods: Potential indicators of access to and use of quality diabetes care were investigated (diagnosis, preventive pharmacotherapy, complication screening, multidisciplinary care and hospitalisation), and their association with various factors including socioeconomic and diabetesrelated health status was assessed. Results: Older Australian-born females were more likely to receive preventive pharmacotherapy, whereas complication screening was associated with duration of disease. Multidisciplinary care was associated with recent hospitalisation and not health need assessed by presence of comorbidity. Conclusions: This novel use of the 2001 NHS provided information on patterns of access to and use of diabetes-related PHC that were consistent with previous research. It suggests a new role for survey data in monitoring access to and use of PHC over time and complementing other population health data collections in this area.

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Sveticic, Jerneja, Samara McPhedran, and Diego Leo. "Reviewing the revisions: what are the Australian Bureau of Statistics suicide figures really telling us?" Medical Journal of Australia 198, no. 9 (May 2013): 478. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/mja13.10203.

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Wong, Peng Yew, Woon-Weng Wong, and Kwabena Mintah. "Residential property market determinants: evidence from the 2018 Australian market downturn." Property Management 38, no. 2 (December 3, 2019): 157–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/pm-07-2019-0043.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to validate and uncover the key determinants revolving around the Australian residential market downturn towards the 2020s. Design/methodology/approach Applying well-established time series econometric methods over a decade of data set provided by Australian Bureau of Statistics, Reserve Bank of Australia and Real Capital Analytics, the significant and emerging drivers impacting the Australian residential property market performance are explored. Findings Besides changes in the significant levels of some key traditional market drivers, housing market capital liquidity and cross-border investment fund were found to significantly impact the Australian residential property market between 2017 and 2019. The presence of some major positive economic conditions such as low interest rate, sustainable employment and population growth was perceived inadequate to uplift the Australian residential property market. The Australian housing market has performed negatively during this period mainly due to diminishing capital liquidity, excess housing supplies and retreating foreign investors. Practical implications A better understanding of the leading and emerging determinants of the residential property market will assist the policy makers to make sound decisions and effective policy changes based on the latest development in the Australian housing market. The results also provide a meaningful path for future property investments and investigations that explore country-specific effects through a comparative analysis. Originality/value The housing market determinants examined in this study revolve around the wider economic conditions in Australia that are not new. However, the coalesce analysis on the statistical results and the current housing market trends revealed some distinguishing characteristics and developments towards the 2020s Australian residential property market downturn.

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Black, Stephen. "Challenging a Statistic: Why should we accept that 60 percent of adult Australians have low health literacy?" Literacy and Numeracy Studies 24, no. 1 (March 18, 2016): 65–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.5130/lns.v24i1.4901.

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This paper briefly considers Australia’s only national health survey published by the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) in 2008 which has been widely referenced within the health sector. The main issue discussed is the use of a criterion level (level 3) to determine the point below which nearly 60 percent of Australian adults can be considered to have inadequate health literacy. The argument is made that this criterion level is arbitrary and statistically unjustified, yet it serves the purpose of presenting health literacy as a ‘crisis’ demanding action, which in turn represents the interests of dominant groups in this globalised, neo-liberal era.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Australian Bureau of Statistics'

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