Journal articles on the topic 'Australian 21st century'

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1

Bahfen, Nasya. "1950s vibe, 21st century audience: Australia’s dearth of on-screen diversity." Pacific Journalism Review : Te Koakoa 25, no. 1&2 (July 31, 2019): 29–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.24135/pjr.v25i1and2.479.

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The difference between how multicultural Australia is ‘in real life’ and ‘in broadcasting’ can be seen through data from the Census, and from Screen Australia’s most recent research into on screen diversity. In 2016, these sources of data coincided with the Census, which takes place every five years. Conducted by the Australian Bureau of Statistics, this presents a ‘snapshot’ of Australian life. From the newest Census figures in 2016, it appears that nearly half of the population in Australia (49 percent) had either been born overseas (identifying as first generation Australian) or had one or both parents born overseas (identifying as second generation Australian). Nearly a third, or 32 percent, of Australians identified as having come from non-Anglo Celtic backgrounds, and 2.8 percent of Australians identify as Indigenous (Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander). Nearly a fifth, or 18 percent, of Australians identify as having a disability. Screen Australia is the government agency that oversees film and TV funding and research. Conducted in 2016, Screen Australia’s study looked at 199 television dramas (fiction, excluding animation) that aired between 2011 and 2015. The comparison between these two sources of data reveals that with one exception, there is a marked disparity between diversity as depicted in the lived experiences of Australians and recorded by the Census, and diversity as depicted on screen and recorded by the Screen Australia survey.
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2

Birden, Hudson, and Sue Page. "21st century medical education." Australian Health Review 31, no. 3 (2007): 341. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah070341.

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Australian universities provide good examples of how to meet the growing challenges to the training of doctors that have resulted from information overload in traditional curricula, new models of care, including multidisciplinary team dynamics, and the rigours of evidence-based practice.
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3

Whyte, Ann. "Positioning Australian Universities for the 21st Century." Open Learning: The Journal of Open, Distance and e-Learning 16, no. 1 (February 2001): 27–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02680510124902.

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4

Vanclay, J. K. "Educating Australian foresters for the 21st century." International Forestry Review 9, no. 4 (December 2007): 884–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1505/ifor.9.4.884.

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5

Bishop, Paul, and Brad Pillans. "Introduction: Australian geomorphology into the 21st century." Geological Society, London, Special Publications 346, no. 1 (2010): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/sp346.1.

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6

Rane, Halim, Adis Duderija, Riyad H. Rahimullah, Paul Mitchell, Jessica Mamone, and Shane Satterley. "Islam in Australia: A National Survey of Muslim Australian Citizens and Permanent Residents." Religions 11, no. 8 (August 14, 2020): 419. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel11080419.

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This article presents the findings of a national survey on Islam in Australia based on responses of 1034 Muslim Australian citizens and permanent residents. Knowing what Muslim Australians think about Islam in relation to Australian society is essential for a more informed understanding about Islam and Muslims needed to address misinformation, Islamophobia, and extremism. The findings presented in this article include typologies of Muslims; sources of influence concerning Islam; interpretations of the Qur’an; perspectives on ethical, social, and theological issues; issues of concern; social connections and sense of belonging; views on various Muslim-majority countries; and perspectives concerning political Islam, including jihad, caliphate, and shariah. While respondents’ understandings, interpretations, and expressions of Islam overall align with values and principles of equality, human rights, social cohesion, and social justice, a minority were found to understand and interpret Islam in ways that reflect the influence of late 20th and early 21st century ideas associated with Islamist political ideology, and a smaller sub-group were found to have views that could be considered extreme. This article discusses these findings in relation to the early 21st century time-period factors and the Australian social context.
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7

Frederiksen, Jorgen S., and Stacey L. Osbrough. "Tipping Points and Changes in Australian Climate and Extremes." Climate 10, no. 5 (May 19, 2022): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cli10050073.

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Systematic changes, since the beginning of the 20th century, in average and extreme Australian rainfall and temperatures indicate that Southern Australian climate has undergone regime transitions into a drier and warmer state. South-west Western Australia (SWWA) experienced the most dramatic drying trend with average streamflow into Perth dams, in the last decade, just 20% of that before the 1960s and extreme, decile 10, rainfall reduced to near zero. In south-eastern Australia (SEA) systematic decreases in average and extreme cool season rainfall became evident in the late 1990s with a halving of the area experiencing average decile 10 rainfall in the early 21st century compared with that for the 20th century. The shift in annual surface temperatures over SWWA and SEA, and indeed for Australia as a whole, has occurred primarily over the last 20 years with the percentage area experiencing extreme maximum temperatures in decile 10 increasing to an average of more than 45% since the start of the 21st century compared with less than 3% for the 20th century mean. Average maximum temperatures have also increased by circa 1 °C for SWWA and SEA over the last 20 years. The climate changes in rainfall an d temperatures are associated with atmospheric circulation shifts.
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8

Tennant, Marc, and John K. McGeachie. "Australian dental schools: Moving towards the 21st century." Australian Dental Journal 44, no. 4 (December 1999): 238–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1834-7819.1999.tb00226.x.

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9

Duckett, Stephen J. "Health workforce design for the 21st century." Australian Health Review 29, no. 2 (2005): 201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah050201.

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The Australian health workforce has changed dramatically over the last 4 years, growing in size and changing composition. However, more changes will be needed in the future to respond to the epidemiological and demographic transition of the Australian population. A critical issue will be whether the supply of health professionals will keep pace with demand. There are current recorded shortages of most health professionals, but this paper argues that future workforce planning should not be based on providing more of the same. Rather, the roles of health professionals will need to change and workforce planning needs to place a stronger emphasis on issues of workforce substitution, that is, a different mix of responsibilities. This will also require changes in educational preparation, in particular an increased emphasis on interprofessional work and common foundation learning.
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10

Fleischmann, Andreas. "The huge scientific footprint of Allen James Lowrie (1948 – 2021)." Carnivorous Plant Newsletter 51, no. 1 (March 1, 2022): 22–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.55360/cpn511.af192.

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Allen Lowrie was a not a university trained botanist. He was a botanist by passion. His studies and observations of Australian carnivorous plants and triggerplants for about a half-century will inevitably impact every person with an interest in those plants from the Australian flora. It is not an exaggeration to claim that he was probably the most influential person regarding our recent understanding and knowledge of the carnivorous plant flora of Australia. No other botanist – neither 20th or 21st Century nor before – discovered and described to science more new carnivorous plant species or triggerplants.
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11

West, J. G. "Floristics and biodiversity research in Australia: the 21st century." Australian Systematic Botany 11, no. 2 (1998): 161. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sb97044.

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Australian botany has reached the point where the vascular flora of this country is relatively well documented; we have sound basic information on what species are present, and where they occur (geographically and ecologically). The real challenge facing plant systematists now is to grasp the inspiring opportunities that exist in the areas of floristics and biodiversity research. The time has come to capitalise on the enormous existing knowledge base. This includes ‘mobilising’ the data we have and promoting potential usage by making clients aware of the quality and nature of the information. Australia has the international-level expertise and the institutional mechanisms to make this happen. We need to build political goodwill within State and Commonwealth agencies to develop strong national linkages. This would enhance the accessibility and applicability of existing baseline datasets, e.g. specimen and taxon databases should be transparently interchangeable and readily available to all potential clients. Although our basic floristic knowledge is good, our understanding of phylogenetic, evolutionary and biogeographic patterns of major Australian plant groups is lacking. Such analyses will ensure accurate predictions and advice on conservation and exploitation of elements of the flora. Future research should concentrate on understanding the processes operating at the genetic and species level in order to answer critical questions about ecosystem functioning. Modern technology will be utilised, particularly in information systems and molecular techniques. Systematists have a clear obligation under the National Biodiversity Strategy to contribute information essential to conservation of biodiversity and to land-use decision making.
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12

Watson, Michelle. "Concerns for Skills Shortages in the 21st Century: A Review into the Construction Industry, Australia." Construction Economics and Building 7, no. 1 (November 22, 2012): 45–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.5130/ajceb.v7i1.2977.

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The Australian Construction Industry is now facing skills shortages in all trades. As an industry focused on the skill of its workforce, there is now concern the Australian standard in quality, workmanship, and productivity will inhibit both at national and international level.This research paper addresses the underlying, influential factors concerning skills shortages in the Australian construction industry. The influential factors addressed include funding, training statistics, employer expectations, financial limitations, Industrial Relations and immigration. Given the reference to skills shortages within the industry, and documented in related literature, if skills shortages are to continue to exist, their effect will impact upon the overall performance of construction companies throughout Australia.
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13

Grabosky, P. N. "Crime Control in the 21st Century." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Criminology 34, no. 3 (December 2001): 221–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000486580103400302.

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This article speculates on what society's response to crime will look like in the year 2020. Following a brief discussion of the anticipated criminal environment, and trends which will influence the delivery of public services, the article will suggest some of the forms which future institutions of crime control are likely to take. In addition to the transformation of Australian police services, the paper will discuss private and non-profit institutions of crime control, and how these will interact with public institutions. The paper will conclude with a discussion of trade-offs between personal safety and individual freedom, and how these will shift over time. It predicts greater societal investment in personal safety at the expense of individual freedom.
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14

Dickson, Judith. "Clinical Legal Education in the 21st Century: Still Educating for Service?" International Journal of Clinical Legal Education 1 (July 18, 2014): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.19164/ijcle.v1i0.129.

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<p>As a lawyer and clinical legal educator, I have direct experience of the ways in which clinical legal education programmes in Australia2 provide legal services to poor and disadvantaged people. In this context I recently began to wonder about the image of lawyers and of the legal profession, that other clinical educators and I portray in our work and about the values underlying clinical legal education.3 I began to think that despite a longstanding commitment to access to justice,4 clinical legal education in Australia might actually be acquiescing in a notion of professionalism that is counter to that commitment. </p><p>In this article I explore the connection between the continuing commitment of clinical legal education to the provision of legal services to those unable to otherwise afford them and the notions of professionalism traditionally adopted by the organised legal profession. In doing so I focus on the Australian legal environment as the one with which I am most familiar. However, I believe the issues I raise are relevant for other legal educators concerned about the state of the legal profession in their jurisdictions and about the values which clinical legal education imparts to law students.</p>
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15

Hamnett, Stephen, and Paul J. Maginn. "Australian Cities in the 21st Century: Suburbs and Beyond." Built Environment 42, no. 1 (March 1, 2016): 5–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2148/benv.42.1.5.

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16

Bartholomew, Iain. "The australian minerals industry-resources for the 21st century." RESOURCES PROCESSING 42, no. 1 (1995): 44–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4144/rpsj1986.42.44.

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17

WALL, T. F., A. L. SALUSINSZY, D. B. EBELING, G. R. DREWE, K. M. SULLIVAN, P. BEERAN, and G. B. SMITH. "Energy Options for the 21st Century—An Australian Perspective." Energy Sources 14, no. 3 (July 1992): 253–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00908319208908724.

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18

Harvey, Nick, and Beverley Clarke. "21st Century reform in Australian coastal policy and legislation." Marine Policy 103 (May 2019): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2019.02.016.

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19

Miles, N. G., C. T. Walsh, G. Butler, H. Ueda, and R. J. West. "Australian diadromous fishes – challenges and solutions for understanding migrations in the 21st century." Marine and Freshwater Research 65, no. 1 (2014): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf12340.

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Diadromous fishes are a frequent but poorly understood component of coastal riverine fish communities in Australia. There are ~33 diadromous fishes found in Australian waters, mainly catadromous and amphidromous species. An extensive review of the literature identified major information gaps about the lifecycles and ecology of many of these species, with information on facultative diadromy, navigation, marine and early life stages being particularly limited. In many cases, this lack of information has led to poor management decisions and consequently many of the Australian diadromous species are under increasing threat from a range of environmental impacts. Much of the required information is difficult to obtain with traditional field surveys and, as a result, new and improved research tools and technologies, including telemetry, otolith chemistry, stable-isotope analysis (SIA) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) are increasingly being applied. Key areas for research on Australian diadromous fishes should involve: (1) use of telemetry and otolith chemistry to determine the level of facultative diadromy and variation in diadromous movements across a species range; (2) use of otolith chemistry and SIA to gain a greater understanding of larval and juvenile marine life stages of catadromous and amphidromous species; and (3) use of fMRI or traditional techniques such as electroolfactogram (EOG) to determine the role of olfaction in spawning and migration, and the impact of impoundments and agricultural run-off on these critical life history stages.
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20

McDonald, Peter, and Helen Moyle. "The cessation of rising employment rates at older ages in Australia, 2000-2019." Australian Population Studies 4, no. 1 (May 22, 2020): 20–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.37970/aps.v4i1.61.

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Background In the first decade of the 21st century, employment at older ages surged in Australia, benefitting the Australian economy. Subsequent to 2010, however, employment rates at older ages ceased rising for older men and the increases were much more moderate for women. Aim The aim of this paper is to examine these older-age employment trends in more detail, particularly the association between older-age employment trends and the business cycle. Some attention is also given to alternative explanations related to changes in the characteristics of the population and industrial structure. Data and methods Two main data sources are used: published tables from the monthly Australian Bureau of Statistics Labour Force Surveys and the Australian censuses for the years 2006, 2011 and 2016. The methods used are primarily descriptive. Results Strong labour demand in the first decade of the 21st century stimulated the entry to employment of those out of the labour force, especially at ages 45-54 and especially for men. A cooling of labour demand following the global financial crisis terminated this process in the second decade. There were strong associations between older age employment and various socio-economic characteristics, but, in general, changes in the composition of the population or in the rates of employment by these characteristics did not contribute to the cessation of rising employment after 2010. Conclusions Employment rates at older ages in Australia in the first two decades of the 21st century were the results of shifts in labour demand before and after the global financial crisis. Policy related to the taxation of superannuation also induced workers with adequate superannuation, especially public sector workers, to continue working to at least age 60.
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21

McDonald, DJ. "Temperate rice technology for the 21st century: an Australian example." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 34, no. 7 (1994): 877. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9940877.

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Performance of the New South Wales rice industry is examined in the context of global rice production and demand into the 21st century. The need to double global production of rice by 2030 without major expansion of area will ensure strong export demand from temperate rice growing areas including southern New South Wales. Factors leading to the very high yields now achieved are discussed and the potential for further increasing average yields that are already the highest in the world is explored in terms of maintaining gains already made, raising the yield ceiling closer to the environmental limit, and reducing the gap between potential yield and those achieved by producers. Details are provided of the release and utilisation of varieties from the breeding program, and significant barriers to further yield increase are identified. The importance of 'Ricecheck' (a simple decision support system for farmers) is discussed. Problems of tailoring crop and land use practices to obtain environmental stability while at the same time substantially increasing productivity are highlighted.
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Na, Angelika F., Sharman PT Tanny, and John M. Hutson. "Circumcision: Is it worth it for 21st-century Australian boys?" Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health 51, no. 6 (February 12, 2015): 580–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jpc.12825.

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23

Saee, John. "INTERNATIONALISATION STRATEGY FOR EDUCATION IN THE 21ST CENTURY." Journal of Business Economics and Management 5, no. 2 (June 30, 2004): 77–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/16111699.2004.9636071.

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There has been a sea change in the world economy with perceived far‐reaching consequences on all aspects of human civilization. This dramatic transformation is largely precipitated by the phenomenon of globalization. Baylis and Smith (1997) put forward the notion that globalization has accelerated the process of increasing interconnectedness between societies so much that events in one part of the world have more and more effect on peoples and societies far away. A globalized world, they argue, is one in which political, economic, cultural, and social events become more and more interconnected, and also one in which they have a wider impact. It is a truism to state that globalization means different things to different people. For some, the term is entirely benign; it portrays a process that accelerates economic prosperity for the nations engaged in globalization. However, for others globalization is a plot by multinational companies, which want to exploit third‐world countries’ resources in terms of cheap labor and raw materials. At the same time, these multinational companies undermine national sovereignty of the third‐world countries due to their enormous economic and political powers (Saee, 2004). In this research paper, an attempt is made to critically explore the drivers and the rationale behind the globalization that has also led educational institutions in most countries around the world to develop internationalization strategies for launching their degree offerings internationally. However, the focus of this research paper is on internationalization strategies by the Australian educational institutions that have important lessons for educational institutions of other countries interested in gaining an insight into internationalization strategies of Australian educational institutions.
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24

Joseph, Dawn, and Bradley Merrick. "Australian music teacher’ reflections and concerns during the pandemic: Resetting the use of technologies in 21st century classroom practice." Teachers' Work 18, no. 2 (December 10, 2021): 109–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.24135/teacherswork.v18i2.325.

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Classroom practice around the globe has changed considerably due to the global pandemic. Although ICT (information and communication technology) is at the heart of 21st century teaching and learning, many teachers and students had to make significant adjustments shifting from face-to-face to remote (online) delivery in response to lockdowns and government restrictions since March 2020. This paper focuses on one focal question: ‘What were some of the concerns using ICT during Covid-19 pandemic?’ which was part of a wider Australian study ‘Re-imaging the future: music teaching and learning, and ICT in blended environments in Australia’. The authors seek to understand how music teachers look to employ technology in ways that connect teaching frameworks to 21st century classroom practice. As part of the ongoing study, they present preliminary survey data gathered between March–June 2021 from a range of music teachers around the country. Using thematic analysis, they discuss advantages, disadvantages, opportunities, and challenges in relation to responses that thematically relate three key elements: pedagogy, social interaction, and technology. They identify concerns and call on music educators to reset what, how, and why they teach when using technology to develop 21st century competencies, as the future of schooling continues to change its landscape due to the pandemic.
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25

Bisley, Nick, Robyn Eckersley, Shahar Hameiri, Jessica Kirk, George Lawson, and Benjamin Zala. "For a progressive realism: Australian foreign policy in the 21st century." Australian Journal of International Affairs 76, no. 2 (March 4, 2022): 138–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10357718.2022.2051428.

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26

Kelley, D. I., and S. P. Harrison. "Enhanced Australian carbon sink despite increased wildfire during the 21st century." Environmental Research Letters 9, no. 10 (October 1, 2014): 104015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/9/10/104015.

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27

Baur, Louise A. "Child and adolescent obesity in the 21st century: an Australian perspective." Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition 11 (December 2002): S524—S528. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-6047.11.supp3.9.x.

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28

Wang, Bin, De L. Liu, Garry J. O'Leary, Senthold Asseng, Ian Macadam, Rebecca Lines-Kelly, Xihua Yang, et al. "Australian wheat production expected to decrease by the late 21st century." Global Change Biology 24, no. 6 (January 15, 2018): 2403–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gcb.14034.

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29

Pepler, Acacia S., Alejandro Di Luca, Fei Ji, Lisa V. Alexander, Jason P. Evans, and Steven C. Sherwood. "Projected changes in east Australian midlatitude cyclones during the 21st century." Geophysical Research Letters 43, no. 1 (January 6, 2016): 334–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2015gl067267.

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30

Zhang, Xuebin, John A. Church, Didier Monselesan, and Kathleen L. McInnes. "Sea level projections for the Australian region in the 21st century." Geophysical Research Letters 44, no. 16 (August 16, 2017): 8481–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2017gl074176.

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31

Russell-Smith, Jeremy, Lachie McCaw, and Adam Leavesley. "Adaptive prescribed burning in Australia for the early 21st Century – context, status, challenges." International Journal of Wildland Fire 29, no. 5 (2020): 305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wf20027.

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Despite evident advances in knowledge and understanding concerning the application of prescribed burning for delivering benefits in wildfire control and a variety of sociocultural, economic and environmental outcomes, the practical application of prescribed burning in Australia is increasingly administratively and logistically complex, often controversial and climatically challenging. This series of papers does not address the merits or otherwise of prescribed burning – we accept the lessons from antiquity and recent history that the use of prescribed fire in contemporary Australia is essential for reducing, although not always being able to deliver on, wildfire risks and meeting a variety of societal and environmental needs. This special issue focuses on several fundamental adaptive management and monitoring questions: are we setting appropriate management targets? Can these targets and associated indicators be readily measured? Can we realistically deliver on those targets? And if so, what are the costs and/or trade-offs involved? The 10 solicited papers included here provide a sample illustration of the diversity of approaches currently being undertaken in different Australian regions to address complex adaptive management and monitoring challenges.
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Alexander, Elinor, and Alan Sansome. "Shaping the Cooper Basin's 21st century renaissance." APPEA Journal 52, no. 2 (2012): 690. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj11104.

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The Department of Manufacturing, Innovation, Trade, Resources and Energy (DMITRE) SA has been successfully using competitive acreage releases to manage highly prospective Cooper Basin acreage since 1998. The expiry of long-term exploration licenses enabled the most significant structured release of onshore Australian acreage in the industry’s history—it has generated: 32 petroleum exploration licences (PELs) from ~70,000 km2 acreage; $432 million in guaranteed work program bids; 70 new field discoveries; $107.6 million royalties and $1.4 billion sales;and, increased gas supply-side competition. Cooper acreage turnover has also changed the makeup of Australia’s onshore exploration industry from numerous company-making discoveries. Since 1998, 10 acreage releases have been staged, enabled by the Petroleum Act 2000 (now the Petroleum and Geothermal Energy Act 2000), conjunctive agreements with Native Title claimants, access to multiple-use Innamincka and Strzelecki Regional Reserves, and transparent application and bid assessment processes. Despite delays, most recently due to flooding, all but three of the original PELs are in their second term and relinquished acreage has been incorporated into subsequent releases. All work-program variations have been kept above the second bid score (except one, where the second ranked bidder was consulted and approved the change) preserving bidding system integrity. DMITRE is planning new Cooper Basin acreage releases while contemplating acreage management options for emerging unconventional plays. Industry input to map the best possible future for the SA Cooper Basin continues to be welcomed.
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Levy, Florence, and Florence Levy. "Project for a Scientific Psychiatry in the 21st Century." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 36, no. 5 (October 2002): 595–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1614.2002.01051.x.

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Objective: To discuss potential advances in neuroscientific knowledge in the 21st century, enabling the realization of Freud's original vision of a basic biological science and an associated metapsychology. Results: The Australian Twin Study of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) has demonstrated the high heritability of the core symptoms of ADHD, as well as showing important genetic and environmental influences on comorbid conditions. Brain mapping techniques suggest that working memory, as measured by an A–X Continuous Performance Task, is important in ADHD. Methods: To outline the development of our own clinical research into ADHD, and the potential for future behaviour and molecular genetic approaches. Conclusions: The 21st century promises new and exciting developments in phenomenology, genetics, and neuroscientific understandings in Child Psychiatry.
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F. Recher, Harry, Richard J. Hobbs, and Denis A. Saunders. "Vision for a Sustainable Future." Pacific Conservation Biology 9, no. 1 (2003): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc030001.

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IN 1996, the Australian Federal, State and Territory governments ratified the National Strategy for the Conservation of Australia's Biological Diversity (Commonwealth of Australia 1996). This strategy states that production systems must be sustainable and not result in further loss of biological diversity. Although there is a considerable amount of work addressing the issues of landscape degradation and sustainability, it is largely conducted in the absence of any clear vision of where Australia, as an environment in which we live, should be at the end of the 21st Century and beyond. That is, Australia lacks an integrated, long-term strategic plan for the future. As a nation, Australia is not alone in lacking a vision for the future. At whatever scale we choose, from global to regional, effective environmental management and the conservation of natural systems are hampered by the lack of vision and planning on the ecological and evolutionary time scales appropriate for complex and continually changing ecosystems.
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35

GRAY, ANTHONY. "PRECEDENT AND POLICY: AUSTRALIAN INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS REFORM IN THE 21ST CENTURY USING THE CORPORATIONS POWER." Deakin Law Review 10, no. 2 (July 1, 2005): 440. http://dx.doi.org/10.21153/dlr2005vol10no2art286.

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<div class="page" title="Page 1"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span>[</span><span>This article will discuss the topical issue of whether the Commonwealth, in Australia’s federal system of government, can rely on its so-called “corporations power” in order to pass planned industrial relations laws. The Federal Government has recently indicated its plans to introduce a national system of industrial relations regulation in Australia. While the detail of the proposed legislation is not currently to hand, the planned changes raise a controversial issue whether the Australian Government would permit such regulation. This article considers the corporations power as justification for the proposed laws.</span><span>] </span></p></div></div></div>
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36

Gunapala, Matara, Alan Montague, Sue Reynolds, and Huan Vo-Tran. "Managing Change in University Libraries in the 21st Century: An Australian Perspective." Journal of the Australian Library and Information Association 69, no. 2 (April 2, 2020): 191–214. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/24750158.2020.1756598.

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37

Millmow, Alex. "A BRIEF NOTE ON AUSTRALIAN ECONOMICS DEGREE ENROLMENTS IN THE 21st CENTURY." Economic Papers: A journal of applied economics and policy 23, no. 3 (September 2004): 211–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1759-3441.2004.tb00366.x.

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Cokley, John. "Journalism at the Speed of Bytes: Australian newspapers in the 21st century." Digital Journalism 1, no. 2 (June 2013): 287–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21670811.2012.744562.

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Ginsburg, Faye. "INDIGENOUS MEDIA FROM U-MATIC TO YOUTUBE: MEDIA SOVEREIGNTY IN THE DIGITAL AGE." Sociologia & Antropologia 6, no. 3 (December 2016): 581–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2238-38752016v632.

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Abstract This article covers a wide range of projects from the earliest epistemological challenges posed by video experiments in remote Central Australia in the 1980s to the emergence of indigenous filmmaking as an intervention into both the Australian national imaginary and the idea of world cinema. It also addresses the political activism that led to the creation of four national indigenous television stations in the early 21st century: Aboriginal People's Television Network in Canada; National Indigenous Television in Australia; Maori TV in New Zealand; and Taiwan Indigenous Television in Taiwan); and considers what the digital age might mean for indigenous people worldwide employing great technological as well as political creativity.
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Trimmer, Karen, Graeme Gower, and Graeme Lock. "Reinventing Another Unaipon: Indigenous Science Leaders for the Future." Australian Journal of Indigenous Education 47, no. 2 (July 17, 2017): 216–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jie.2017.14.

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The education of Indigenous and Torres Strait Islander students in Australian universities has received considerable attention in both the literature and government policy in the 21st century. The participation and graduation rates for Indigenous and Torres Strait Islander students in higher education Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) programs have remained low and are becoming a particular focus in universities across Australia. This paper reflects on the life and contribution of David Unaipon, the enrolment data from a small sample of universities across Australia and the literature to discuss potential strategies for improving the access to, participation in and graduation from higher education STEM courses.
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Cunneen, Chris. "Institutional racism and (in)justice: Australia in the 21st century." Decolonization of Criminology and Justice 1, no. 1 (October 22, 2019): 29–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.24135/dcj.v1i1.9.

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This article focusses on systemic and institutionalised racism against Indigenous people as a contemporary feature of the Australian social and penal landscape, and its implications for justice. There has been ongoing concern with institutional racism within the criminal justice system, however, this article concentrates on the intersection between institutional racism in non-criminal justice settings and their compounding effect on criminalization. Despite legal prohibitions on racial discrimination, various forms of institutional racism continue unabated. Indeed, part of the argument is that broader political changes particularly associated with the influence of neoliberalism on social policy have exacerbated the problem of institutional racism and redefined and reinforced the link between welfare and criminalization. Indeed, social welfare has come to be informed by the same values and philosophies as criminal justice: deterrence, surveillance, stigma and graduated sanctions or punishments. How might we understand these broader shifts in the public policy environment, to what extent do they reflect and reproduce institutional racism, and how do they bleed into increased criminalization? I endeavour to answer this question through the consideration of two specific sites of social welfare policy – child protection and social housing – and to consider how systemic and institutional forms of racism play out in daily life for Indigenous people and how they interact with criminal justice.
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Bloch, Noa, and Kim Rubenstein. "READING DOWN SECTION 44(i) OF THE AUSTRALIAN CONSTITUTION AS A METHOD OF AFFIRMING AUSTRALIAN CITIZENSHIP IN THE 21st CENTURY." Denning Law Journal 30, no. 2 (August 8, 2019): 79–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.5750/dlj.v30i2.1699.

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Until 2017, the most recent disqualification of a member of the Australian Parliament under section 44(i) of the Australian Constitution (‘Constitution’) was Senator Heather Hill in 1998. Remarkably, since 2017, almost twenty years after Sue v Hill, ten parliamentarians have resigned or been disqualified, triggering a series of by-elections. The catalyst for this flurry of activity occurred in July 2017, when Greens senator Scott Ludlam announced that at the time of his election, he was a citizen of New Zealand and was incapable of sitting in parliament under section 44(i). He was the first of ten senators and members of parliament to be referred to the High Court of Australia in the cases of Re Canavan and later Re Gallagher on questions of eligibility under section 44(i). Eight of these parliamentarians were disqualified, sparking national debate around parliamentary representation and membership within the Australian community. Since Re Canavan and Re Gallagher and indeed well before those cases, the section had and has continued to attract popular, journalistic, parliamentary and academic criticism. Consequently, there have been calls for a referendum on section 44(i) for a significant period of time. While the authors support this call, this article reflects on the cases and develops a different interpretive approach to section 44(i) which if argued by the parties and adopted by the Court, would have rendered a referendum unnecessary. By drawing on the earlier section 41 of the Australian Constitution case of R v Pearson; Ex parte Sipka and its majority judgment, as well as drawing upon the minority judgment of Murphy J and a more recent feminist judgment written by Kim Rubenstein, one of the authors of this article, we argue that the principles of representative democracy and the sovereignty of the people could have acted as a frame to read down section 44(i). Had this approach been adopted, the Court could have effectively placed the decision around disqualification of parliamentarians around the issue of dual citizenship, back into the hands of the elected representatives
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Dodson, Giles. "REVIEW: 'Digger' media out-manoeuvred by military." Pacific Journalism Review 18, no. 1 (May 31, 2012): 238. http://dx.doi.org/10.24135/pjr.v18i1.303.

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Review of: Witnesses to War: The History of Australian Conflict Reporting, by Fay Anderson and Richard Trembath. Melbourne: Melbourne University Press, 2011, 501 pp, ISBN 978-0522856446 (pbk)Witnesses to War: The History of Australian Conflict Reporting provides a thorough-going account of the developments and, importantly, of continuities which have characterised Australian reporting of foreign wars since the 19th century. It is a welcome addition to the growing body of conflict reporting literature, in particular to that which concerns the local experience. It is clear the forces which structure Australian war journalism have remained relatively constant throughout the 20th and 21st centuries.
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Thorner, Sabra G. "The photograph as archive: Crafting contemporary Koorie culture." Journal of Material Culture 24, no. 1 (July 9, 2018): 22–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1359183518782716.

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In 2008, an Aboriginal Australian artist based in Melbourne, Australia, created a kangaroo-teeth necklace, revivifying an art/cultural practice for the first time in over a century. She was inspired to do so after viewing an 1880 photograph of an ancestor wearing such adornment. In this article, I bring the necklace and the photograph into the same analytical frame, arguing for the photograph as an archive itself. I consider the trajectories through which the 19th-century image has been replicated and circulated in various productions of knowledge about Aboriginal people, and how a 21st-century artist is mobilizing it not just as a repository of visual information, but also as an impetus to creative production. She produces objects of value and is making culture anew, in a context in which Aboriginality has long/often been presumed absent, extinct or elsewhere.
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Crowe, D. S. "THE CORPORATION AND THE FAMILY IN THE RESOURCES INDUSTRY — CORPORATE RESPONSIBILITY TOWARDS THE 21ST CENTURY." APPEA Journal 27, no. 1 (1987): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj86005.

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The changing sociological scene places greater emphasis today on self-fulfilment psychology and individual expectations, often at the expense of responsibility in relationships. This, coupled with greater demands on staff (especially on managers of corporations) places, at times, unrealistic demands on normally stable relationships, particularly in a marriage. The result is increased family tension, often resulting in marriage breakdown with significant scarring of partners and children; those individuals, so affected, suffer reduced productivity in their work roles.As we approach the 21st century, there is emphasis, in the management of corporations, on innovation and cost efficiency, thus placing greater pressure on individual staff.This paper takes the position that corporations, in their own self-interest and in the interest of staff, need to assess the impact of their current policies on not only their staff but also on staff families. While maintaining that it remains the single responsibility of individuals to make decisions on managing, effectively, their corporate/private lives, the author supports the proposal of others (Evans and Bartolome, 1980) that corporations' policies should help, not hinder, the process.Corporations which continue to ignore these considerations will incur long term consequences with significant impact on productivity and efficient management, aside from possible disastrous impact on their staff and families.Corporations in Australia are taking steps to address this situation but much more needs to be done. This was highlighted in the March 1985 'Middle Management' course with its associated Spouses Programme presented jointly by Australian Mineral Foundation and The Australian Administrative Staff College.Effective communication is at the heart of the matter, but no amount of training on this subject will bear fruit unless there is an associated commitment by executives to improve the effectiveness of their communication process, both in their corporate and family roles.
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Findlay, JK. "Reproductive biology and the Australian Society for Reproductive Biology in the 21st century." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 7, no. 5 (1995): 1021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rd9951021.

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Dunstan, David. "Australian Local Government and Community Development: From Colonial Times to the 21st Century." Australian Historical Studies 45, no. 1 (January 2, 2014): 133–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1031461x.2014.877785.

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Vromen, Ariadne, and Anika Gauja. "The study of Australian politics in the 21st century: a comment on Melleuish." Australian Journal of Political Science 51, no. 2 (April 2, 2016): 355–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10361146.2016.1174056.

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Williams, Theresa Maureen, and Geoffrey Paul Smith. "Laying new foundations for 21st century community mental health services: An Australian perspective." International Journal of Mental Health Nursing 28, no. 4 (March 22, 2019): 1008–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/inm.12590.

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Kealy-Bateman, Warren, Louise Nash, Robyn Shields, Calina Ouliaris, and Patrick McGorry. "Should we be Royal?" Australasian Psychiatry 29, no. 4 (February 24, 2021): 402–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1039856221992648.

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Objective: Our college name The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists (RANZCP) and Crest (Coat of Arms) are echoes of our colonial past, which create a barrier to an inclusive 21st-century Australasian psychiatry. Two hundred and fifty years after European settlement, this article reviews the colonial legacy, the evolution of the college and the process by which the prefix ‘Royal’ came to be attached. This is now an anachronism that symbolically undermines our mission to create a fully inclusive psychiatry for all Australians and New Zealanders, from indigenous people across the spectrum of cultures drawn from recent migrations within our complex multicultural society. Conclusion: As psychiatrists, it is time to modernise and reinvent the college name and Crest. We will be a healthier and more inclusive community of practice without the ‘Royal’ prefix, and with a new symbol for our college that embodies our values and vision.
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