Relevant bibliographies by topics / Australian 19th century Themes

Academic literature on the topic 'Australian 19th century Themes'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 29 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Australian 19th century Themes"

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Zvegintseva, Irina A. "A Criminal as the Main Movie Character, or Old Themes and New Solutions." Journal of Flm Arts and Film Studies 8, no. 3 (September 15, 2016): 115–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/vgik83115-125.

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The former British colony, emerged as a place of exile for the most dangerous criminals and unreliable people from the metropolis, Australia began its existence very unenviable, appearing on the world map called "The Earths hell", which was used to frighten children in Europe. The fact is: the gene fund of the nation - the convicts, their guards, and adventurers came from all over Europe in hope of a better life. The first half of the 19th century Australia, in fact, remained a giant reforming home, a jail. And whatever paradoxical it might explain the significant number of films shot in the 20th and in 21st centuries with criminals as protagonists. When touching upon permanent plots and problems in Australian cinema, it should be noted that the "eternal" love of the inhabitants of the Green continent to the favorite national hero Ned Kelly, a former convict and burglar has not disappeared. In the minds of the Australians the burglar has become a symbol of the fighter against injustice, a sort of "Australian Robin Hood". The main characters of the movies were bushrangers in Australia called escaped convicts, pariahs of the society, hunting armed robberies and burglaries, hiding from justice in the vast valleys of the Australian Bush. Here, incidentally, there is a parallel with the American film industry that also has surpasses the rank of the most beloved and popular criminals in the country from Al Capone, Bonnie Parker and Clyde Barrow up to Bugsy Siegel and John Dillinger. But soon such films were banned because of the monopolies of the USA and the UK movies on the Australian market. However, life itself has started to supply filmmakers with the stories that hardly could come to the minds of writers with the wildest imagination. The real horrible crimes and not less real maniacs, sadists, pedophiles, whose actions have forced to shudder the whole society, both in the past and the present, formed the basis of a number of films shot in Australia. The analysis of these movies, the authors' position, the artistic value of works have become the target of this article.
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Zhang, Chunyan. "The Theme of “Alien Other” and “Imagined” Landscape in Australian Literary Tradition." English Language and Literature Studies 6, no. 1 (February 26, 2016): 109. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ells.v6n1p109.

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<p>In Australian culture, framed by both Western conceptions of nature and Australian colonial experience, traditional aesthetics and ideologies had negative attitudes towards the “wilderness”. Therefore in the major 19th century Australian literary tradition, the antagonistic relationship between man and nature was prevalent, which is demonstrated through the theme of “wild” nature, in which the Australian “wild”landscape was constructed as “alien other” and “imagined”.</p>
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Jockers, Matthew L., and David Mimno. "Significant themes in 19th-century literature." Poetics 41, no. 6 (December 2013): 750–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.poetic.2013.08.005.

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VIGK, MALCOLM. "Normalisation in 19th Century Australian Schooling." Discourse: Studies in the Cultural Politics of Education 18, no. 1 (April 1997): 113–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0159630970180108.

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Pridmore, Saxby. "Suicide in 19th-century Australian fiction." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 51, no. 10 (April 4, 2017): 1058–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0004867417699475.

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Williams, A. M. M., D. A. Donlon, C. M. Bennett, and R. Siegele. "Strontium in 19th century Australian children's teeth." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms 190, no. 1-4 (May 2002): 453–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0168-583x(01)01317-9.

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Martynova, V. I. "Concerto for Oboe and Orchestra in the Works by Modern Time Composers: Aspects of Genre Stylistics." Problems of Interaction Between Arts, Pedagogy and the Theory and Practice of Education 54, no. 54 (December 10, 2019): 71–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.34064/khnum1-54.05.

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Introduction. Concerto for oboe and orchestra in the music of modern time (20th – early 21st centuries), on the one hand, is based on the traditions of past eras, on the other hand, it contains a number of new stylistic trends, among which the leading trend is the pluralism of composer’s decisions. Despite this, the works created during this period by the composers of different national schools can be divided into three groups – academic, experimental, and pastoral. The article gives the review of them. Objective. The main objective of the article is to identify the features of genre stylistics in oboe concertos by composers of the 20th – early 21st centuries. Methods. In order to realize this objective, the elements of a number of general scientific and special musicological research methods have been used – historical-and-genetic, deductive, comparative, organological, stylistic, genre and performing analysis. Results and Discussion. The article discusses and systematizes the features of the genre stylistics of modern time oboe concertos. Based on the analysis of the historical-and-stylistic context, the correlation of traditions and innovations in the oboe-concerto genre, as well as the nature of the relationship between concerto and chamber manners as its common features are revealed. The classification of oboe concertos of the specified period by three genre-and-style groups – academic, experimental, and pastoral, is proposed. The main development trends in each of these groups are analyzed, taking into account the genre, national and individual-author’s stylistics (more than 70 pieces are involved). For the first time, the generalizations are proposed regarding the oboe expressiveness and techniques, generally gravitating towards universalism as a style dominant in the concerto genre. It is noted that, in spite of this main trend, the oboe in the concertos by modern time masters retains its fundamental organological semantics – the aesthetics and poetics of pastoral mode. The music of modern time, the count of which starts from the last decade of the 19th century and to present, comes, on the one hand, as a unique encyclopedia of the previous genres and styles, and on the other hand, as a unique multicomponent artistic phenomenon of hypertext meaning. The first is embodied in the concept of the style pluralism which means the priority of the person’s (composer’s and performer’s) component in aesthetics and poetics of a musical work. The second involves an aspect of polystylistics that is understood in two meanings: 1) aesthetic, when different stylistic tendencies are represented in a particular artistic style; 2) purely “technological”, which is understood as the technique of composing, when different intonation patterns in the form of style quotations and allusions (according to Alfred Schnittke) constitute the compositional basis of the same work. It is noted that the oboe concertos of the modern time masters revive the traditions of solo music-making, which were partially lost in the second half of the 19th century. At the new stage of evolution, since the early 20th century (1910s), the concerto oboe combines solo virtuosity with chamber manner, which is realized in a special way by the authors of different styles. Most of them (especially in the period up to the 1970s–1980s of the previous century) adhere to the academic model which is characterized by a three-part composition with a tempo ratio “fast – slow – fast” with typical structures of each of the parts – sonata in the first, complex three-part in the second, rondo-sonata in the third, as well as traditional, previously tried and used means of articulation and stroke set (concertos by W. Alvin, J. Horovitz – Great Britain; E. T. Zwillich, Ch. Rouse – USA; O. Respighi – Italy; Lars-Erik Larrson – Switzerland, etc.). The signs of the oboe concertos of the experimental group are the freedom of structure both in the overall composition and at the level of individual parts or sections, the use of non-traditional methods of playing (J. Widmann, D. Bortz – Germany; C. Frances-Hoad, P. Patterson – England; E. Carter – USA; J. MacMillan – Scotland; O. Navarro – Spain; N. Westlake – Australia). The group of pastoral concertos is based on highlighting the key semantics of oboe sound image. This group includes concertos of two types – non-programmatic (G. Jacob, R. Vaughan Williams, M. Arnold – Great Britain; О. T. Raihala – Finland; M. Berkeley, Е. Carter – USA and other authors); programmatic of two types – with literary names (L’horloge de flore J. Fran&#231;aix – France; Helios, Two’s Company T. Musgrave; Angel of Mons J. Bingham – Great Britain); based on the themes of the world classics or folklore (two concertos by J. Barbirolli – Great Britain – on the themes of G. Pergolesi and A. Corelli; Concerto by B. Martinu – Czechia – on the themes from Petrushka by I. Stravinsky, etc.). This group of concertos also includes the genre derivatives, such as suite (L’horloge de flore J. Fran&#231;aix); fantasy (Concerto fantasy for oboe, English horn and orchestra by V. Gorbulskis); virtuoso piece (Pascaglia concertante S. Veress); concertino (Concertino by N. Scalcottas, R. Kram, A. Jacques); genre “hybrids” (Symphony-Concerto by J. Ibert; Symphony-Concerto by T. Smirnova; Chuvash Symphony-Concerto by T. Alekseyeva; Concerto-Romance by Zh. Matallidi; Concerto-Poem for English horn, oboe and orchestra by G. Raman). Conclusions. Thus, the oboe concerto in the works by modern time composers appears as a complex genre-and-intonation fusion of traditions and innovations, in which prevail the individual-author’s approaches to reproducing the specificity of the genre. At the same time, through the general tendency of stylistic pluralism, several lines-trends emerge, defined in this article as academic, experimental, and pastoral, and each of them can be considered in more detail in the framework of individual studies.
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Haig, Bryan. "INTERNATIONAL COMPARISONS OF AUSTRALIAN GDP IN THE 19TH CENTURY." Review of Income and Wealth 35, no. 2 (June 1989): 151–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-4991.1989.tb00587.x.

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Ljøgodt, Knut. "‘Northern Gods in Marble’: the Romantic Rediscovery of Norse Mythology." Romantik: Journal for the Study of Romanticisms 1, no. 1 (December 1, 2012): 141. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/rom.v1i1.15854.

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The Norse myths were rediscovered in the late 18th century, and became important to contemporary culture during the first half of the 19th century. The Romantics discussed the usage of themes from Norse mythology; soon, these themes became widespread in art and literature. Their popularity is closely connected with the national ideals and political situations of the period, but they were often given individual artistic interpretations. The Romantic interest in Norse myths and heroes held sway over artists and writers throughout the 19th century.
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Murrell, Timothy G. C. "More 19th Century masters of general practice with Australian connections *." Medical Journal of Australia 160, no. 10 (May 1994): 646–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.1994.tb125875.x.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Australian 19th century Themes"

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Brooklyn, Bridget. "Something old, something new : divorce and divorce law in South Australia, 1859-1918." Title page, contents and summary only, 1988. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phb872.pdf.

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Hodge, Pamela. "Fostering flowers: Women, landscape and the psychodynamics of gender in 19th Century Australia." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 1998. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1435.

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It is said that when the Sphinx was carved into the bedrock of Egypt it had the head as well as the body of Sekhmet lioness Goddess who presided over the rise and fall of the Nile, and that only much later was the head recarved to resemble a male pharaoh. Simon Schama considered the 'making over' of Mount Rushmore to resemble America's Founding Fathers constituted 'the ultimate colonisation of nature by culture … a distinctly masculine obsession (expressing) physicality, materiality and empirical externality,… a rhetoric of humanity's uncontested possession of nature. It would be comforting to think that, although Uluru has become the focus of nationalist myths in Australia, to date it has not been incised to represent Australia's 'Great Men' - comforting that is, if it were not for the recognition that if Australia had had the resources available to America in the 1920s a transmogrified Captain Cook and a flinty Governor Phillip may have been eyeballing the red heart of Australia for the greater part of a century. My dissertation traces the conscious and unconscious construction of gender in Australian society in the nineteenth century as it was constructed through the apprehension of things which were associated with 'nature' -plants, animals, landscape, 'the bush', Aborigines, women. The most important metaphor in this construction was that of women as flowers; a metaphor which, in seeking to sacralise 'beauty' in women and nature, increasingly externalised women and the female principle and divorced them from their rootedness in the earth - the 'earth' of 'nature', and the 'earth' of men's and women's deeper physical and psychological needs. This had the consequence of a return of the repressed in the form of negative constructions of women, 'femininity'" and the land which surfaced in Australia, as it did in most other parts of the Western World, late in the nineteenth century. What I attempt to show in this dissertation is that a negative construction of women and the female principle was inextricably implicated in the accelerating development of a capitalist consumer society which fetishised the surface appearance of easily reproducible images of denatured objects. In the nineteenth century society denatured women along with much else as it turned from the worship of God and ‘nature' to the specularisation of endlessly proliferating images emptied of meaning; of spirituality. An increasing fascination with the appearance of things served to camouflage patriarchal assumptions which lopsidedly associated women with a 'flowerlike' femininity of passive receptivity (or a ‘mad' lasciviousness) and men with a 'masculinity' of aggressive achievement - and awarded social power and prestige to the latter. The psychological explanation which underlies this thesis and unites its disparate elements is that of Julia Kristeva who believed that in the nineteenth century fear of loss of the Christian 'saving' mother - the Mother of God - led to an intensification of emotional investment among men and women in the pre-oedipal all-powerful 'phallic' mother who is thought to stand between the individual and 'the void of nothingness'.
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Gardiner, Amanda. "Sex, death and desperation: Infanticide, neonaticide and concealment of birth in colonial Western Australia." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2014. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1907.

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Eluwawalage, Damayanthie. "History of costume : the consumption, governance, potency and patronage of attire in colonial Western Australia." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2004. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/830.

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This dissertation represents a new' departure in the study of dress in colonial Western Australia, focusing on the rationale behind individual and collective clothing practices in the new society. As a study of significant social and cultural practices, rather than an account of fashion, this research contributes to the understanding of previously disregarded elements in colonial Western Australian ethno-economic and social histories. The study investigates the internal and external influences which impacted upon colonial inhabitants' ways of dressing, their societal attitudes and social demeanour. The research compares the influences on attire and finery in colonial Western Australian society with the British/European context. This thesis examines the influences caused by world-wide dominant events, ideas and social groups, and their effect on societal and cultural attitudes in the colony. The thesis examines clothing as a symbolic indicator of status which influenced the class distinction in colonial Western Australian society. Also the function of dress as it relates to class consciousness and identification. The research focuses on the ambiguities associated with colonial clothing and the way in which social class and status were negotiated through wearing apparel in the colony. This thesis examines colonial Western Australian fashion and attire in the context of social stratification, social conditions, power relations and cultural formation, in order to comprehend sartorial consumerism and social practise in the colony. Fashion's ultimate function of signifying power and prestige, which linked with financial capability, and its impact on society and societal practise, is significant. The research examines the affiliation between colonial clothing and the economic growth of Western Australia in the context of the development of the colonial clothing economy and the influence of affluent colonists and traders who controlled the clothing behaviour in the colony. One of the primary purposes of this study is to examine the meanings encoded in colonial dress and adornment. The function of clothing and its adornment was often used for more than its utilitarian purpose. For example, the analysis of gender in clothing reflects the sociological differences and the power relations between sexes. In that context, the dissertation discusses colonial attire as an aesthetic experience, as well as a social and cultural expression of the period by examining Veblen’s Leisure Theory and Simmel’s Trickle-down Theory. Colonial characteristics such as different societal and climatic conditions as well as the way of life brought about a society dissimilar to that in Britain but symbolic to its colonialism. This research investigates the unique social and cultural qualities which applied in the colony and which resulted in a tendency towards distinctive dress codes in early Western Australia. This study explores the consumption governance, potency and patronage of attire in colonial Western Australia within the context of social, socio-economic and fashion philosophies.
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Vick, Malcolm John. "Schools, school communities and the state in mid-nineteenth century New South Wales, South Australia and Victoria /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1991. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phv636.pdf.

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Cooper, Leanne Rosa. "The emergence of a mixed economy : the Buandig of the lower South-East of South Australia in the mid-19th century /." Title page, contents and introduction only, 2001. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09AR/09arc7776.pdf.

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Singley, William Blake. "Recipes for a nation : cookbooks and Australian culture to 1939." Phd thesis, 2013, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/109392.

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Cookbooks were ubiquitous texts found in almost every Australian home. They played an influential role that extended far beyond their original intended use in the kitchen. They codified culinary and domestic practices thereby also codifying wider cultural practices and were linked to transformations occurring in society at large. This thesis illuminates the many ways in which cookbooks reflected and influenced developments in Australian culture and society from the early colonial period until 1939. Whilst concentrating on culinary texts, this thesis does not primarily focus on food; instead it explores the many different ways that cookbooks can be read to further understand Australian culture in the nineteenth and early twentieth century. Through cookbooks we can chart the attitudes and responses to many of the changes that were occurring in Australian life and society. During a period of dramatic social change cookbooks were a constant and reassuring presence in the home. It was within the home that the foundations of Australian culture were laid. Cookbooks provide a unique perspective on issues such as gender, class, race, education, technology, and most importantly they hold a mirror up to Australia and show us what we thought of ourselves.
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Francis, Diana Pharaoh. "Models to the universe : Victorian hegemony and the construction of feminine identity." Virtual Press, 1999. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1159142.

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White, Claire. "Work and leisure in late nineteenth-century French literature and visual culture." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.610774.

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O’Neill, Patrick Nathaniel. "Paul Solanges : soldier, industrialist, translator : a biographical study and critical edition of his correspondence with Antonio Fogazzaro and Henry Handel Richardson." Monash University. Faculty of Arts. School of Languages, Cultures and Linguistics, 2007. http://arrow.monash.edu.au/hdl/1959.1/53105.

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Paul Solanges was one of the most prolific (in correspondence) and enthusiastic fans of Australian author Henry Handel Richardson (HHR). What was it about him that made HHR invest so much time in his translation of her novel, and to what extent can credence be given to the self-portrait in his letters? This thesis reveals his illegitimate royal background, considers his early career as a cavalry officer in North Africa and in the Franco-Prussian War, and describes his long career as manager of the gasworks in Milan. It also portrays in detail his other life as a translator of songs, short stories and operas from Italian to French. Finally, it compares his relationship with Italian novelist Antonio Fogazzaro to his relationship with HHR. A critical edition of Solanges’s correspondence with Fogazzaro and HHR offers the reader a privileged insight into the life and character of this Franco-Italian littérateur.
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Books on the topic "Australian 19th century Themes"

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Hawkins, J. B. 19th century Australian silver. Woodbridge, Suffolk, England: Antique Collectors' Club, 1990.

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Schofield, Anne. Australian jewellery: 19th and early 20th century. Woodbridge: Antique Collectors' Club, 1990.

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Schofield, Anne. Australian jewellery: 19th and early 20th century. Woodbridge, Suffolk: Antique Collectors Club, 1991.

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Ford, Geoff. 19th century South Australian pottery: Guide for historians & collectors. Unley, S.A: Salt Glaze Press, 1985.

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Terry, Martin. Cooee: Australia in the 19th century. Canberra: National Library of Australia, 2007.

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1950-, Kornhauser Elizabeth Mankin, Sayers Andrew 1957-, Ellis Amy, National Gallery of Australia, National Gallery of Victoria, Wadsworth Atheneum, and Corcoran Gallery of Art, eds. New worlds from old: 19th century Australian & American landscapes. Canberra: National Gallery of Australia, 1998.

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Shifting focus: Colonial Australian photography 1850-1920. North Melbourne, Vic: Australian Scholarly, 2015.

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1935-, Loh Morag Jeanette, ed. Australian children through 200 years. [Australia]: Kangaroo Press, 1985.

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Themes in Modern European History 1830-1890. London: Taylor & Francis Inc, 2002.

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Radford, Ron. 19th-century Australian art: M.J.M. Carter Collection, Art Gallery of South Australia. Adelaide: Art Gallery Board of South Australia, 1993.

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Book chapters on the topic "Australian 19th century Themes"

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Claridge, Claudia, and Merja Kytö. "Chapter 4. A (great) deal of: Developments in 19th-century British and Australian English." In Studies in Language Variation, 49–72. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/silv.21.04cla.

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Carrigan, Jeanell. "Italians, Indians and the Indigenous: Innovative Themes and Material Used in Operas Written by Early-Twentieth-Century Australian Women Composers." In A Century of Composition by Women, 97–114. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-95557-1_5.

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Kuo, Mei-fen. "Reading Gender in Early Chinese Australian Newspapers." In Locating Chinese Women, 27–44. Hong Kong University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5790/hongkong/9789888528615.003.0002.

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Although women were largely absent from male-dominated Chinese community discussions on democratic values, brotherhood, diaspora unity, and Han-identity nationalism, they were not absent from Chinese Australians’ modern social life from the end of the 19th century to the beginning of the 20th century. By examining public comments and views in Chinese Australian newspapers regarding gender as a new social relationship, this chapter argues that the newspapers provide a window through male narratives that now enables us to espy how the Chinese population deliberated women’s social role and the way it was changing. The chapter aims to uncover through an investigation of the historic records, in the social life of Chinese Australians, the male-dominated view of gender role reconciled on the one hand the desire to segregate women from public discussions and participation, and on the other the need to involve women’s presence to demonstrate respectability and social standing to meet Australian social expectations. These public narratives and social networks provide a new approach to apprehending the nature and importance of Chinese Australian social life.
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Bryant, Jan. "Still Deep in the Bones of the Bourgeoisie: Introduction." In Artmaking in the Age of Global Capitalism, 9–11. Edinburgh University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474456944.003.0014.

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The ‘gift of being disgusted’ is a challenge first raised by Walter Benjamin in the 1920s, insisting that each era has a responsibility to critically contest the inequalities of its time. This chapter looks at two 21st century art events, the 56th La Biennale di Venezia (2015), which had global politics as its core theme, and the 19th Biennale of Sydney (2014) that attracted artist boycotts as protest to successive Australian Governments’ treatment of asylum seekers. Venice and Sydney are examples of large publicly-funded art events that instrumentalise politics as spectacle. However, the experience of Sydney also revealed the chasm that often exists between a patron class and artists working on the ground. [113]
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Abbott, Malcolm, and Bruce Cohen. "The historical development of Australia’s public utilities." In Utilities Reform in Twenty-First Century Australia, 17–48. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198865063.003.0002.

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This chapter sets out the historical background to the utilities sector in Australia up until the 1980s. In doing so it provides an account of the predominant, government-owned model of utilities ownership that existed in Australia at that time. Australia’s utilities were created as government-owned enterprises in the 19th century (post, water, and rail) or in the early years of the 20th century (electricity, telecommunications, and airports). Material in this chapter traces these origins up until the immediate pre-reform years of the 1980s, and examines some of the weaknesses in the government-owned models that had arisen by this time.
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Moyle, Helen. "The Australian fertility decline." In Australia’s Fertility Transition: A study of 19th-century Tasmania, 27–40. ANU Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.22459/aft.2020.02.

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"Ancestral Themes in the Art of Qajar Iran, 1785–1925." In Islamic Art in the 19th Century, 231–56. BRILL, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/9789047417279_013.

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Bonura, Sandra E. "The Extraordinary Nineteenth Century." In Light in the Queen's Garden. University of Hawai'i Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.21313/hawaii/9780824866440.003.0003.

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This chapter places Pope in her 19th-century era and presents the major themes including immigration, westward expansion, the rise of industrial America, the growth of political democracy, women’s rights, temperance, public education, slavery, the Civil War, and more. The three periods of time—early, middle and late 19th century—show women’s advancement in the educational arena and their “call to teach.” The histories of Mount Holyoke and Oberlin are succinctly offered.
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Lisa Burton, Crawford, and Goldsworthy Jeffrey. "Part III Themes, Ch.15 Constitutionalism." In The Oxford Handbook of the Australian Constitution. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198738435.003.0016.

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This chapter explains how constitutionalism developed and how it currently operates in Australia. It first explains the historical developments whereby Australia combined elements of the British and American models of constitutionalism, which employ legal and political constitutionalism in very different ways. The chapter then describes three main stages in the development of Australian constitutionalism. The first was the establishment in the nineteenth century of colonial Constitutions, which employed a predominantly political form of constitutionalism and, upon federation in 1900, became the Constitutions of the six Australian States. The second was the establishment of the Commonwealth Constitution in 1900, which necessarily blended elements of political and legal constitutionalism. The third consists of more recent innovations by the High Court that have expanded the role of legal constitutionalism. Each development has built on its predecessor, resulting in a distinctive combination of political and legal constitutionalism.
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Brendan, Lim. "Part III Themes, Ch.13 Legitimacy." In The Oxford Handbook of the Australian Constitution. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198738435.003.0014.

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This chapter charts the uneven progression since federation of popular sovereignty as a legitimating force in Australian constitutionalism. It describes how the sociological and moral facts which lie outside the constitution, but which shape our understanding of its legitimacy, can come to be incorporated within the constitution, and to shape our understanding of its law. The chapter begins with the particular conception of popular sovereignty that the Constitution introduced into the regime. This was a political rather than a juridical conception; a fact determining legitimacy rather than legality. But the chapter reveals that the boundary between legitimacy and legality is a porous one. In a wide variety of ways, conceptions of legitimacy influence standards of legality. The course of that influence is then traced through the twentieth century before the chapter returns to arguments presented by Sir Edmund Barton on the last day of the Australasian Federal Conventions in 1898.
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Conference papers on the topic "Australian 19th century Themes"

1

Zhu, Jie, Quentin Stevens, and Charles Anderson. "Chinese Public Memorials: Under the Effect of Exclusively Pursuing Solemnness, Sacredness, and Grandness." In The 38th Annual Conference of the Society of Architectural Historians Australia and New Zealand. online: SAHANZ, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55939/a4010p4jpd.

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Authentic public memorials did not appear in the Chinese public space until the late 19th century. As a result of Western influence, many war memorials were built during the Republic of China era (1912-1949). Since the establishment of the People’s Republic of China in 1949, the government has invested much in developing public spaces. Also, the government placed many memorials in Chinese cities to shape collective memory and urban identity. The affection of solemnness, sacredness, and grandness is the main affection that most memorials are intended to embody, particularly those that commemorate famous people, the government’s achievement, and the deceased from natural disasters and wars. By taking the example of memorials built from 1942 to the present in Chongqing, China, this paper critically examines changes over time in the forms. In addition, taking the analysis result from memorial forms as a base and combining widely cited literature in Chinese and English, the paper further explores the negative impacts of the intensive focus of solemnness, sacredness, and grandness. This paper’s analysis identifies standard, persistent and symbolic features in Chinese memorials, despite the diverse landscape elements and advanced construction techniques. Key themes emerge from this research are solemnness, sacredness, and grandness. Also, it reveals the issues raised by the exclusive pursuit of these affections, including similar memorial forms, insufficient engagement of memorials, and the unitary research topics on memorials.
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2

Bölcskei, Andrea. "Names of hotels, hostels and rental properties for tourists in downtown Budapest." In International Conference on Onomastics “Name and Naming”. Editura Mega, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.30816/iconn5/2019/48.

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The paper discusses how multiculturalism is realized in the present-day onomastic landscape when hotels, hostels and lodgings for tourists are named in the downtown of Hungary’s capital. Based on names collected from online maps and popular websites offering accommodation, the author explores some characteristic features of these urban names (e.g. the frequent use of peculiar generic terms and the presence of additional components in the name forms referring to hotel chains, themes or services). Special attention is paid to semantics (e.g. specifiers indicating the location, the surroundings, an architectural feature of the building; the style of the interior design; the owner of the establishment) and language origin. The observed names belong to different cultural layers, providing references, for instance, to medieval sign boards, 19th-century monarchic and Hungarian national values as well as images of modern globalization.
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3

Carter, Nanette. "The Sleepout." In The 38th Annual Conference of the Society of Architectural Historians Australia and New Zealand. online: SAHANZ, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55939/a3999pm4i5.

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Going to bed each night in a sleepout—a converted verandah, balcony or small free-standing structure was, for most of the 20th century, an everyday Australian experience, since homes across the nation whether urban, suburban, or rural, commonly included a space of this kind. The sleepout was a liminal space that was rarely a formal part of a home’s interior, although it was often used as a semi-permanent sleeping quarter. Initially a response to the discomfort experienced during hot weather in 19th century bedrooms and encouraged by the early 20th century enthusiasm for the perceived benefits of sleeping in fresh air, the sleepout became a convenient cover for the inadequate supply of housing in Australian cities and towns and provided a face-saving measure for struggling rural families. Acceptance of this solution to over-crowding was so deep and so widespread that the Commonwealth Government built freestanding sleepouts in the gardens of suburban homes across Australia during the crisis of World War II to house essential war workers. Rather than disappearing at the war’s end, these were sold to homeowners and occupied throughout the acute post-war housing shortage of the 1940s and 1950s, then used into the 1970s as a space for children to play and teenagers to gain some privacy. This paper explores this common feature of Australian 20th century homes, a regional tradition which has not, until recently, been the subject of academic study. Exploring the attitudes, values and policies that led to the sleepout’s introduction, proliferation and disappearance, it explains that despite its ubiquity in the first three-quarters of the 20th century, the sleepout slipped from Australia’s national consciousness during a relatively brief period of housing surplus beginning in the 1970s. As the supply of affordable housing has declined in the 21st century, the free-standing sleepout or studio has re-emerged, housing teenagers of low-income families.
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Holleran, Samuel. "Ultra Graphic: Australian Advertising Infrastructure from Morris Columns to Media Facades." In The 38th Annual Conference of the Society of Architectural Historians Australia and New Zealand. online: SAHANZ, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55939/a4028p0swn.

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This paper examines the development of infrastructures for outdoor advertising and debates over visual ‘oversaturation’ in the built environment. It begins with the boom in posters that came in the 19th century with a plethora of new manufactured goods and the attempts by civic officials to create structures that would extend cities’ available surface area for the placement of ads. It then charts the rise of building-top ‘sky signs,’ articulated billboards, kiosks, and digital media facades while detailing the policy initiatives meant to regulate these ad surfaces. This work builds on ongoing research into the development of signage technologies in Sydney and Melbourne, the measurement and regulation of ‘visual pollution’, and the promotion of entertainment and nightlife in precincts defined by neon and historic signage. This project responds to the increasing ambiguity between traditional advertising substrates and building exteriors. It charts the development of display technologies in relation to changing architectural practices and urban landscapes. Signage innovation in Australia has been driven by increasingly sophisticated construction practices and by the changing nature of cities; shifting markedly with increased automobility, migration and cultural change, and mobile phone use. The means by which urban reformers and architectural critics have sought to define, measure, and control new ad technologies—sometimes deemed ‘visual pollution’— offers a prehistory to contemporary debates over ‘smart city’ street furniture, and a synecdoche to narratives of degradation and ugliness in the post-war built environment. These four thematically linked episodes show how Australian civic officials and built environment activists have responded to visual clutter, and the fuzzy line between advertisers, architects, and builders erecting increasingly dynamic infrastructures for ad delivery. This progression shows the fluctuating place of advertisement in the built environment, ending with the emergence of today’s programmable façades and urban screens.
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Collins, Julie. "Fresh Air and Sunshine: The Health Aspects of Sleepouts, Sunrooms, and Sundecks in South Australian Architecture of the 1930s." In The 38th Annual Conference of the Society of Architectural Historians Australia and New Zealand. online: SAHANZ, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55939/a3989p6hza.

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This paper examines the development of infrastructures for outdoor advertising and debates over visual ‘oversaturation’ in the built environment. It begins with the boom in posters that came in the 19th century with a plethora of new manufactured goods and the attempts by civic officials to create structures that would extend cities’ available surface area for the placement of ads. It then charts the rise of building-top ‘sky signs,’ articulated billboards, kiosks, and digital media facades while detailing the policy initiatives meant to regulate these ad surfaces. This work builds on ongoing research into the development of signage technologies in Sydney and Melbourne, the measurement and regulation of ‘visual pollution’, and the promotion of entertainment and nightlife in precincts defined by neon and historic signage.
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6

Tobin, Genevieve Mary. "The silver lining: preliminary research into gold-coloured varnishes for loss compensation in two 19th C silver gilded frames." In RECH6 - 6th International Meeting on Retouching of Cultural Heritage. València: Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/rech6.2021.13498.

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Golden varnishes appear on frames, furniture, wall hangings, leatherwork, panel paintings, mural paintings, and polychromy, and were applied to white metal gilding to imitate gold and other semi-precious materials. Despite the number of examples in cultural heritage there are few publications that discuss the ethical considerations of treating coloured silver gilded surfaces. The chromatic reintegration of gold-coloured varnishes on white metal gilding present specific material and technical challenges. In 2021 the Art Gallery of New South Wales (AGNSW) treated two identical late 19th century silver gilded frames for portraits by Joseph Backler from the Australian collection. In addition, a third portrait required the fabrication of a reproduction frame identical to the others. Conservation of the frames presented an opportunity for carrying out experiments into coloured coatings for loss compensation on silver gilding exploring applications for select conservation paints, dyes, and synthetic resins as substitutes for shellac. The results of experiments demonstrate that with the right application Liquitex Soluvar Gloss Varnish, Laropal A81 and Paraloid B72, present gloss levels and visual film forming properties comparable to shellac coatings when applied to burnished gilding. Additional tests with various dye colours illustrate that Orasol ® dye mixtures in colours Yellow 2GLN, Yellow 2RL, and Brown 2GL are reliable colour imitations for traditional gold-coloured varnishes. Although this research is preliminary, it may inform the selection and application of appropriate retouching materials for compensating losses to burnished silver leaf and golden varnishes in gilding conservation.
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