Journal articles on the topic 'Australia Themes'
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Pearson, Craig, and David Robinson. "Esso Australia 2013 SAFE themes." APPEA Journal 54, no. 2 (2014): 505. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj13078.
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The 2012 APPEA Stand Together for Safety video used a particularly powerful message: Speak up Act mindfully Follow the rules Get engaged This aligned with Esso’s global safety learning focus and so it has used the SAFE theme to increase its own workforce engagement. The aim of this initiative was to build and refresh skills and knowledge in the leadership and execution of personal safety expectations using our existing baseline safety tools. A planning workshop was conducted and a small cross-functional team was established to develop the SAFE theme quarterly schedule and materials. The quarterly SAFE theme builds on safety leadership behaviours through the use of existing tools: First quarter: speak up—focuses on tools for intervention such as approaching others. Second quarter: act mindfully—hazard identification including StepBack 5x5 and job safety analysis and risk tolerance such as 10 factors influencing risk tolerance. Third quarter: follow the rules—life saving actions including nine procedural focus areas that save lives Fourth quarter: get engaged—in-field review such as peer-to-peer observation Key to the success of the initiative was the significant involvement of senior leadership and first line supervisors. This improved workforce accountability through the application, demonstration, and promotion of safety leadership values. The initiative has resulted in an improvement in our safety performance, and improved communication and alignment across our facilities.
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Oliver, Rhonda, Honglin Chen, and Stephen Moore. "Review of selected research in applied linguistics published in Australia (2008–2014)." Language Teaching 49, no. 4 (September 23, 2016): 513–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0261444816000148.
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This article reviews the significant and diverse range of research in applied linguistics published in Australia in the period 2008–2014. Whilst acknowledging that a great deal of research by Australian scholars has been published internationally during these seven years, this review is based on books, journal articles, and conference proceedings published in Australia. Many of these sources will be unfamiliar to an international audience, and the purpose of this article is to highlight this body of research and the themes emerging from it. The journals selected in this review includeAustralian Journal of Language and Literacy, Australian Review of Applied Linguistics (ARAL), BABEL, English in Australia, English Australia, Papers in Language Testing and Assessment, Prospect: An Australian Journal of TESOL, TESOL in Context, andUniversity of Sydney Papers in TESOL. Selected refereed proceedings are from key national conferences including: ALAA (Applied Linguistics Association of Australia), ACTA (Australian Council of TESOL Association), ASFLA (Australian Systemic Functional Linguistics Association), and ALS (Australian Linguistics Society). Our review of selected applied linguistics work revolves around the following themes: the responses to the needs of government planning and policy; the complexity of Australia's multicultural, multilingual society; the concern for recognizing context and culture as key factors in language and language learning; social activism in supporting language pedagogy and literacy programmes at all levels of education; and acknowledgement of the unique place held by Indigenous languages and Aboriginal English in the national linguistic landscape.
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Morwood, M. J., and D. R. Hobbs. "Themes in the prehistory of tropical Australia." Antiquity 69, no. 265 (1995): 747–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003598x00082314.
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The wetter tropical zones of northern Australia are linked by their monsoonal climates. Their archaeology shows its own distinctive pattern as well, and rock-art is an important source of evidence and insight. This study focusses on a part of Queensland, setting this local sequence alongside Arnhem Land (reported by the paper of Taçon & Brockwell) and in the northern pattern as a whole.
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Doe, Peter Edward, Sarah Lyden, Seeta Jaikaran-Doe, and Xiaolin Wang. "Enhancing Chinese Students’ Learning in an Australian 2+2 Undergraduate Engineering Program." International Journal of Higher Education 7, no. 5 (September 26, 2018): 86. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/ijhe.v7n5p86.
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Undergraduate engineering units (subjects) are delivered by Australian academics at two universities in China over a three-week period. Students may choose to transfer to the Australian university to complete the final two years of the Bachelor of Engineering with Honours degree (2+2 program). The aim of this study is to determine what strategies are most effective for the Australian university academics to adopt for effective delivery of engineering units at Chinese universities. A mixed methods approach was applied to in-class feedback and student surveys. Three major themes: Language, Learning and Social were identified. These themes were further explored in a quantitative survey of Chinese students newly-arrived in Australia in 2016. Successful strategies for delivering engineering units included referring questions to discussion groups; students explaining difficult concepts to other students; writing key words on the board and flash cards. The principal concern for students before they transferred to Australia was the teaching and learning style of the Australian university academics. However, English language proficiency was the major concern for students transferred to Australia. The strategy for improving Chinese students’ engagement and learning outcomes should focus on additional support both in China and Australia.
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Zvegintseva, Irina A. "A Criminal as the Main Movie Character, or Old Themes and New Solutions." Journal of Flm Arts and Film Studies 8, no. 3 (September 15, 2016): 115–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/vgik83115-125.
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The former British colony, emerged as a place of exile for the most dangerous criminals and unreliable people from the metropolis, Australia began its existence very unenviable, appearing on the world map called "The Earths hell", which was used to frighten children in Europe. The fact is: the gene fund of the nation - the convicts, their guards, and adventurers came from all over Europe in hope of a better life. The first half of the 19th century Australia, in fact, remained a giant reforming home, a jail. And whatever paradoxical it might explain the significant number of films shot in the 20th and in 21st centuries with criminals as protagonists. When touching upon permanent plots and problems in Australian cinema, it should be noted that the "eternal" love of the inhabitants of the Green continent to the favorite national hero Ned Kelly, a former convict and burglar has not disappeared. In the minds of the Australians the burglar has become a symbol of the fighter against injustice, a sort of "Australian Robin Hood". The main characters of the movies were bushrangers in Australia called escaped convicts, pariahs of the society, hunting armed robberies and burglaries, hiding from justice in the vast valleys of the Australian Bush. Here, incidentally, there is a parallel with the American film industry that also has surpasses the rank of the most beloved and popular criminals in the country from Al Capone, Bonnie Parker and Clyde Barrow up to Bugsy Siegel and John Dillinger. But soon such films were banned because of the monopolies of the USA and the UK movies on the Australian market. However, life itself has started to supply filmmakers with the stories that hardly could come to the minds of writers with the wildest imagination. The real horrible crimes and not less real maniacs, sadists, pedophiles, whose actions have forced to shudder the whole society, both in the past and the present, formed the basis of a number of films shot in Australia. The analysis of these movies, the authors' position, the artistic value of works have become the target of this article.
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Ulm, Sean. "‘Complexity’ and the Australian continental narrative: Themes in the archaeology of Holocene Australia." Quaternary International 285 (February 2013): 182–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2012.03.046.
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Laughren, Pat. "Debating Australian Documentary Production Policy: Some Practitioner Perspectives." Media International Australia 129, no. 1 (November 2008): 116–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x0812900112.
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On 1 July 2008, Screen Australia commenced operation as the main Australian government agency supporting the screen production industry. This article considers some of the policy issues and challenges identified by the ‘community of practitioners’ as facing Australian documentary production at the time of the formation of that ‘super-agency’ from the merger of its three predecessor organisations — the Australian Film Commission, the Film Finance Corporation and Film Australia. The article proceeds by sketching the history of documentary production in Australia and identifying the bases of its financial and regulatory supports. It also surveys recent debate in the documentary sector and attempts to contextualise the themes of those discussions within the history of the Australian documentary.
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Balasubramanian, Madhan, David S. Brennan, A. John Spencer, and Stephanie D. Short. "‘Newness–struggle–success’ continuum: a qualitative examination of the cultural adaptation process experienced by overseas-qualified dentists in Australia." Australian Health Review 40, no. 2 (2016): 168. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah15040.
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Objectives Overseas-qualified dentists constitute a significant proportion of the Australian dental workforce (approximately one in four). The aim of the present study was to provide a better understanding of the cultural adaptation process of overseas-qualified dentists in Australia, so as to facilitate their integration into the Australian way of life and improve their contribution to Australian healthcare, economy and society. Methods Life stories of 49 overseas-qualified dentists from 22 countries were analysed for significant themes and patterns. We focused on their settlement experience, which relates to their social and cultural experience in Australia. This analysis was consistent with a hermeneutic phenomenological approach to qualitative social scientific research. Results Many participants noted that encounters with ‘the Australian accent’ and ‘slang’ influenced their cultural experience in Australia. Most of the participants expressed ‘fascination’ with the people and lifestyle in Australia, primarily with regard to the relaxed way of life, cultural diversity and the freedom one usually experiences living in Australia. Few participants expressed ‘shock’ at not being able to find a community of similar religious faith in Australia, as they are used to in their home countries. These issues were analysed in two themes; (1) language and communication; and (2) people, religion and lifestyle. The cultural adaptation process of overseas-qualified dentists in Australia is described as a continuum or superordinate theme, which we have entitled the ‘newness–struggle–success’ continuum. This overarching theme supersedes and incorporates all subthemes. Conclusion Family, friends, community and organisational structures (universities and public sector) play a vital role in the cultural learning process, affecting overseas-qualified dentist’s ability to progress successfully through the cultural continuum. What is known about the topic? Australia is a popular host country for overseas-qualified dentists. Migrant dentists arrive from contrasting social and cultural backgrounds, and these contrasts can be somewhat more pronounced in dentists from developing countries. To date, there is no evidence available regarding the cultural adaptation process of overseas-qualified dentists in Australia or elsewhere. What does this paper add? This study provides evidence to support the argument that the cultural adaptation process of overseas-qualified dentists in Australia can be viewed as a continuum state, where the individual learns to adapt to the people, language and lifestyle in Australia. The ongoing role of family and friends is primary to a successful transition process. Our research also identifies the positive role played by community and organisational structures, such as universities and public sector employment schemes. What are the implications for practitioners? A potential implication for policy makers is to focus on the positive roles played by organisational structures, particularly universities and the public sector. This can inform more supportive migration policy, as well as strengthen the role these organisations play in providing support for overseas-qualified dentists, thus enabling them to integrate more successfully into Australia’s health care system, economy and society.
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Dearlove, Trish, Andrea Begley, Jane Anne Scott, and Gemma Devenish-Coleman. "Digital Marketing of Commercial Complementary Foods in Australia: An Analysis of Brand Messaging." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 15 (July 27, 2021): 7934. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18157934.
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The digital marketing of commercial complementary foods (CCF) is an emerging area of concern in Australia. Although research into traditional methods has identified a range of problems, the marketing and messaging strategies employed within digital spaces have gone largely unscrutinized. This study sought to examine the methods used by CCF manufacturers to promote Australian baby foods and brands in a digital space. A multiple step approach was used to assess the CCF brands available in major Australian retailers, the social media platforms they used, and to thematically analyze the text and visual messages contained in posts published over a three-month period. Of the 15 brands identified, 12 had a digital presence, and all of these used Facebook. Four themes emerged from an analysis of 216 Facebook posts; (1) general product attributes, (2) socially desirable attributes (which included messaging related to taste (41%), self-feeding (29%) and fun (19%)), (3) concern-based attributes (including organic status (40%), age targets (39%) and additive-/allergen-free status (18%)) and (4) health-focused attributes (which included messaging related to healthy/nutritious ingredients (45%), and child development/growth (15%). Messages contained in Facebook posts were mostly positive brand/product aspects (Themes 1 and 2) or parental concern-based aspects (Theme 3 and 4). These themes match previous analyses of marketing content in traditional media and should be closely monitored due to the personalized nature of consumer social media interactions.
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Helweg, David, Peter Jenkins, Douglas Cat, Robert McCauley, and Claire Garrigue. "Geograpmc Variation in South Pacific Humpback Whale Songs." Behaviour 135, no. 1 (1998): 1–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853998793066438.
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AbstractEvery winter, (male) humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) produce long complex songs. Song content is dynamic and singers incorporate changes as they occur, thus song is shared through cultural transmission. We compared songs recorded in winter migratory termini in Tonga, New Caledonia, Eastern Australia, and on migration paths off Eastern Australia and New Zealand, in the winter of 1994. Seven themes were shared by all regions, with an additional two themes shared by all but Tonga. Differences in regional variants were most pronounced between Tongan and Eastern Australian song. New Caledonian and Kaikouran song were more similar to songs from Eastern Australia rather than Tonga. These regional differences were stable across the season. The results suggest some migratory exchange among widely separate wintering regions of Area V, consistent with tag recovery data, but the time and location at which song sharing occurs remains speculative.
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Fitzgerald, Justice Tony. "Telling the Truth, Laughing." Media International Australia 92, no. 1 (August 1999): 11–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x9909200104.
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This paper centres on three themes: the lack of a constitutional bill of rights in Australia, especially a right to freedom of speech; the suitability of the judiciary to arbitrate social values; and the importance of public humour, and its relations to Australian defamation law. These themes are illustrated by a discussion of the Queensland Court of Appeal's recent finding that Ms Pauline Hanson was defamed on the ABC by Ms Pauline Pantsdown.
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Long, Dr Warrick, Associate Professor Lisa Barnes, Professor Maria Northcote, and Professor Anthony Williams. "Disruptive Changing Higher Education Ecosystems: Have University Academics Been Gazumped?" Frontiers in Education Technology 4, no. 2 (April 11, 2021): p12. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/fet.v4n2p12.
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Continual reforms in the Australian Higher Education Sector result in ongoing significant changes to the experiences of the Australian academic. As a result, massification, internationalisation and corporatization form the landscape of academia in Australia. The Australian University Accounting Academic (AUAA) faces ongoing challenges and opportunities within this dynamic academic environment, and this study explores these challenges in relation to teaching themed issues that confront the AUAA. By using a questionnaire and interviews with AUAAs, three themes emerged, being curriculum, teaching workload, and the impact of online teaching. The “ASSET” support framework is developed from these conversations with the AUAA’s to help them become an “asset” to the university during these times of disruptive change instead of allowing the system to “gazump” them.
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Smyth, John. "Trends, issues, and themes shaping teacher education in Australia." Teacher Educator 27, no. 4 (March 1992): 21–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08878739209555013.
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Epps, Roger. "Guest Editorial--Rural Themes in Australia and New Zealand." Australian Geographer 33, no. 1 (March 2002): 5–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00049180220124971.
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Mulcock, Jane, and Natalie Lloyd. "Human-Animal Studies in Australia: Current Directions." Society & Animals 15, no. 1 (2007): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853007x169306.
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AbstractIn 2004, Natalie Lloyd and Jane Mulcock initiated the Australian Animals & Society Study Group, a network of social science, humanities and arts scholars that quickly grew to include more than 100 participants. In July 2005, about 50 participants attended the group's 4-day inaugural conference at the University of Western Australia, Perth. Papers in this issue emerged from the conference. They exemplify the Australian academy's work in the fields of History, Population Health, Sociology, Geography, and English and address strong themes: human-equine relationships; management of native and introduced animals; and relationships with other domestic, nonhuman animals—from cats and dogs to cattle. Human-Animal Studies is an expanding field in Australia. However, many scholars, due to funding and teaching concerns, focus their primary research in different domains. All authors in this issue—excepting one—are new scholars in their respective fields. The papers represent the diversity and innovation of recent Australian research on human-animal interactions. The authors look at both past and present, then anticipate future challenges in building an effective network to expand this field of study in Australia.
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Copping, Alicia, Jane Shakespeare-Finch, and Douglas Paton. "Towards a Culturally Appropriate Mental Health System: Sudanese-Australians' Experiences with Trauma." Journal of Pacific Rim Psychology 4, no. 1 (May 1, 2010): 53–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1375/prp.4.1.53.
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AbstractAustralia is fortunate to welcome approximately 13,000 humanitarian entrants per year, most of whom have experienced protracted violence, hardship and life in refugee camps. The majority of humanitarian migrants were raised in cultural contexts very different to that of Australia, contributing to the increasing diversity of this region. With this diversity comes a responsibility to ensure every Australian receives culturally appropriate mental healthcare. Those who are forced into migration have experienced trauma and the stress of acculturation often compounds this trauma. This study investigated the experience of trauma from the perspectives of Sudanese-Australians. Grounded theory methodology was employed to extract themes from interviews with 15 Sudanese-Australians aged between 19 and 49 years. Results demonstrated four overarching themes: support, religion, strength and new possibilities. The data within these themes are compared and contrasted with previous literature that has examined notions of trauma, distress and growth in western populations. Conclusions drawn from these results highlight the need to build inclusive practices that support diversity into existing trauma services in Australia.
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Blair, Mitch, and Harriet Hiscock. "Themes emerging from State of Child Health: UK and Australia." Archives of Disease in Childhood 102, no. 11 (July 22, 2017): 1001–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2017-312875.
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Gurr, Geoff M., P. Horne, Jessica Page, Gavin J. Ash, and Leigh J. Pilkington. "Australia and New Zealand biocontrol conference: Emerging themes, future prospects." Biological Control 52, no. 3 (March 2010): 195–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocontrol.2010.01.001.
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Tooth, Stephen, and Gerald C. Nanson. "The geomorphology of Australia's fluvial systems: retrospect, perspect and prospect." Progress in Physical Geography: Earth and Environment 19, no. 1 (March 1995): 35–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030913339501900103.
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This article provides a review of the study and geomorphology of Australia's fluvial systems by offering comment on the development, concerns and future of the subject. Trends in the history of fluvial landform studies in Australia are traced from the observations and comments of the early explorers and visiting scientists through to the emergence and growth of fluvial geomorphology as a study discipline. Subsequent development of the idea of a distinctive geomorphology of Australian fluvial systems that often contrast with Anglo-American observations is outlined and illustrated with particular reference to fluvial studies in south-east Australia. Key features of the Australian setting include low long-term denudation rates, the absence of extensive Quaternary glaciation and the predominance of low gradient fluvial systems over much of the continent. Some of the most important themes in contemporary Australian fluvial research are discussed and include long-term landscape evolution, thresholds and riverine response to secular trends in climate, Quaternary environmental change, arid-environment systems, bedrock channels and applied approaches to study. Consideration is also given to present deficiencies in research and to future priorities. Particular attention is focused on the need firstly to collect additional process data, secondly to shift the bias in research away from south-east Australia, and thirdly to develop links between fluvial process and alluvial stratigraphy/chronology. It is concluded that, given the variety of hydrogeomorphological environments in Australia and the diversity of approaches to study, ongoing research will provide further indications of the unusual nature of many of the continent's fluvial systems.
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Crawford, Tonia, Peter Roger, and Sally Candlin. "‘Are we on the same wavelength?’ International nurses and the process of confronting and adjusting to clinical communication in Australia." Communication and Medicine 13, no. 3 (June 16, 2017): 263–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1558/cam.28953.
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Effective communication skills are important in the health care setting in order to develop rapport and trust with patients, provide reassurance, assess patients effectively and provide education in a way that patients easily understand (Candlin and Candlin, 2003). However with many nurses from culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) backgrounds being recruited to fill the workforce shortfall in Australia, communication across cultures with the potential for miscommunication and ensuing risks to patient safety has gained increasing focus in recent years (Shakya and Horsefall, 2000; Chiang and Crickmore, 2009). This paper reports on the first phase of a study that examines intercultural nurse patient communication from the perspective of four Registered Nurses from CALD backgrounds working in Australia. Five interrelating themes that were derived from thematic analysis of semi-structured interviews are discussed. The central theme of ‘adjustment’ was identified as fundamental to the experiences of the RNs and this theme interrelated with each of the other themes that emerged: professional experiences with communication, ways of showing respect, displaying empathy, and vulnerability.
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Abhary, Sotoodeh, Mari Botti, Anjali Dhulia, Erwin Loh, and John Catford. "Inappropriate behaviours experienced by doctors while undertaking specialty training." BMJ Leader 2, no. 4 (December 2018): 140–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/leader-2018-000090.
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PurposeTo explore inappropriate behaviours experienced during specialty training in Australia and their implications for doctors’ training experiences and outcomes. This is a subset of data from a larger study exploring experiences of doctors in Australian specialty training—a qualitative study of enablers, stressors and supports.MethodsIn this qualitative study, registrars in specialist training programmes in Australia were invited and interviewed between August 2015 and August 2016. Semistructured open-ended questions were used to explore topics of relevance to their workplace, training, support service use and personal lives. Interviews were transcribed verbatim, de-identified and content and thematic analysis undertaken. Recruitment was ceased when data saturation was reached and no new themes emerged. Key themes related to inappropriate behaviours experienced during specialty training are reported in this study.Results17 participants were recruited (including one Indigenous and one international medical graduate). A total of six specialty training programmes across multiple states at various locations across Australia were represented in this cohort. Almost all participants reported confronting (personally experienced or witnessed) inappropriate behaviours during their training, perpetrated most commonly by senior doctors. Key themes of inappropriate behaviour that emerged were belittling and humiliation, sexually inappropriate behaviour, inappropriate behaviour as part of the ‘culture’ of medicine, reluctance to raise concerns due to fear of recrimination, and impacts of inappropriate behaviour.ConclusionVarying inappropriate behaviours were experienced by doctors in specialty training, having implications for their psychological well-being. A multidimensional and multisystem approach is required in the management of this serious issue.
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O'Keefe, E. J. "The evolution of sexual health nursing in Australia: a literature review." Sexual Health 2, no. 1 (2005): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sh04010.
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Background: The purpose of this paper is to describe and encapsulate the elements of the sexual health nurse’s role in Australia. In Australia, sexual health nursing is a fast evolving speciality operating within a climate of diverse role expectations, settings and population groups. Today’s health care climate demands that nurses’ roles and their impact on patient care be held up to scrutiny. Methods: A literature review was conducted that used descriptive analysis to elicit the recurrent themes appearing in the Australian sexual health nursing literature that would describe the role. Results: A model of sexual health nursing was evident with the two primary themes of professional responsibility and patient care. The professional role included a philosophy of sharing nursing experiences, collaboration, employment in multiple settings, and the development of the role into advanced practice, appropriate academic and clinical preparation and a commitment to research. The patient care role included the provision of individual and holistic patient care, ability to access specific at-risk groups, clinical effectiveness, patient education and community development roles. Conclusion: Australian sexual health nurses make a specific and measurable contribution to the health care system. They are likely to continue to advance their role supported by appropriate research that validates their models of practice, continues their philosophy of sharing their experiences and that documents the impact they have on the health outcomes of individuals and populations.
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BROWN, NICHOLAS. "BORN MODERN: ANTIPODEAN VARIATIONS ON A THEME." Historical Journal 48, no. 4 (December 2005): 1139–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0018246x05004954.
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Making peoples: a history of the New Zealanders from Polynesian settlement to the end of the nineteenth century. By James Belich. London: Penguin, 2001. Pp. 497. ISBN 0-14-100639-0. £9.99.Paradise reforged: a history of the New Zealanders from the 1880s to the year 2000. By James Belich. London: Allen Lane, 2002. Pp. 606. ISBN 0-7139-9172-0. £25.00.The Enlightenment and the origins of European Australia. By John Gascoigne. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002. Pp. xviii+233. ISBN 0-521-80343-80. £45.00.Australian ways of death: a social and cultural history, 1840–1918. By Pat Jalland. Oxford: Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2002. Pp. vi+378. ISBN 0-19-550754-1. £15.99.White flour, white power: from rations to citizenship in central Australia. By Tim Rowse. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998. Pp. xiii+255. ISBN 0-521-62457-6. £40.00.The five books covered here might seem a random sample: antipodean oddments from the edge of a review editor's desk. Their subject matter – from ‘ways of death’ in Australia to rationing policies for indigenous Australians – is diverse, as are their approaches: a scholarly assessment of the influence of Enlightenment ideas in the Australian colonies through to a massive two-volume general history of New Zealand to 2000. Yet even in this eclectic mix there are common themes, reflecting current interests and models in the writing of history in both countries. For some time, Australia and New Zealand have been productively positioned in relation to European social change as ‘born modern’ experiments, or at least as colonies which forced or anticipated aspects of the modernity shaping metropolitan centres. There have been several phases of historiography advancing this thesis, each reflecting a desire on the part of historians ‘down under’ to relate their account to wider dynamics, or to incorporate models that redress or refute the ‘isolation’ of their history by exploring categories extending beyond the national chronicle. More recently, historians of post-colonialism have returned the interest. They have traced in the extension of colonialism many of the crucial factors shaping core elements of nineteenth-century European nationalism, even the concept of Europe itself. In complex patterns of interdependence within ‘empire’, these historians have also identified several themes of ‘modernity’: reflexive approaches to ‘self’ and identity; discursive matrices of liberal government; the application and testing of the Enlightenment project of ‘reason’ and the ‘disenchantment’ of scientific knowledge and classification.
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Willis, Julie. "From home to civic: designing the Australian school." History of Education Review 43, no. 2 (September 30, 2014): 138–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/her-02-2014-0009.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the design of state school buildings in Australia from the 1880s to the 1980s to establish common threads or similar concerns evident in their architecture at a national level. Design/methodology/approach – The researcher compiled a significant data set of hundreds of state schools, derived from government, professional and other publications, archival searches and site visits. Standard analytical methods in architectural research are employed, including stylistic and morphological analysis, to read the designs for meaning and intent. Findings – The data set was interrogated to draw out major themes in school design, the identification of which form the basis of the paper's argument. Four major themes, identifiable at a national level, are identified: school as house; school as civic; school as factory; and school as town. Each theme reflects a different chronological period, being approximately 1900-1920, 1920-1940, 1940-1960 and 1960-1980. The themes reflect the changing representation of aspiration for the school child and their engagement with wider society through the architecture of the school. Originality/value – The paper considers, for the first time, the concerns of educational architecture over time in Australia on a consciously national, rather than state, level.
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Berryman, Jim. "Breaking fresh ground: New Impulses in Australian Poetry, an anthology." Queensland Review 23, no. 2 (December 2016): 246–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/qre.2016.32.
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AbstractNew Impulses in Australian Poetry was an anthology of contemporary Australian poetry published in Brisbane in 1968. The book was the idea of two Queensland poets, Rodney Hall and Thomas Shapcott. New Impulses was modelled on international modern poetry anthologies. At the time, this type of anthology was unfamiliar in Australia. Hall and Shapcott declared their intentions in modernist terms: to challenge the literary establishment and to promote the new poetry of the 1960s. It was a new type of anthology for a new type of poetry. This article explores the anthology's Queensland origins and examines its modern themes and influences. It concludes with a discussion of the anthology's impact and legacy from the perspective of Australian literary history, especially the ‘New Australian Poetry’, which it prefigured. In addition to its literary significance, New Impulses was an Australian publishing milestone. The book was the first poetry anthology published by University of Queensland Press. Its success demonstrated the market potential for literary publishing in Australia.
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McCarthy, Terry. "Book Reviews : Work, Organisations and Change: Themes and Perspectives in Australia." Journal of Industrial Relations 32, no. 2 (June 1990): 287–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002218569003200210.
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Badham, Richard. "Book Reviews : Work, Organisations and Change: Themes and Perspectives in Australia." Journal of Industrial Relations 35, no. 4 (December 1993): 631–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002218569303500410.
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Ballantyne, Roy, John D. Bain, and Jan Packer. "Researching university teaching in Australia: Themes and issues in academics' reflections." Studies in Higher Education 24, no. 2 (January 1999): 237–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03075079912331379918.
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Fitch, Kate. "Rethinking Australian public relations history in the mid-20th century." Media International Australia 160, no. 1 (August 2016): 9–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x16651135.
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This article investigates the development of public relations in Australia and addresses calls to reconceptualise Australian public relations history. It presents the findings from an analysis of newspaper articles and industry newsletters in the 1940s and 1950s. These findings confirm the term public relations was in common use in Australia earlier than is widely accepted and not confined to either military information campaigns during the war or the corporate sector in the post-war period, but was used by government and public institutions and had increasing prominence through industry associations in the manufacturing sector and in social justice and advocacy campaigns. The study highlights four themes – war and post-war work, non-profit public relations, gender, and media and related industries – that enable new perspectives on Australian public relations history and historiography to be developed.
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Doyal, Lesley. "Keynote Addresses: What Makes Women Sick? Promoting Women's Health: The Changing Agenda for Health Promotion." Australian Journal of Primary Health 4, no. 3 (1998): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py98027.
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The creation of a National Women's Health Policy in 1989 put Australia at the forefront of developments in women's health. By contrast, in the United Kingdom there is still no clear strategy for improving gender equity in the health service, and many of the principles taken for granted in Australia are not even on the National Health Service agenda. The current reforms of our health service do reflect a backing away from the 'quasi markets' of the Conservative era. However, little attention has been paid during this process to the specific needs of women. So Australia is still ahead, with Victoria in particular playing a key role in disseminating examples of good practice, both at home and internationally. The Australian Women's Health Policy and Program provides a fertile environment for innovation in good practice, but this does not mean that there is nothing left to achieve. Indeed, it may well require considerable effort just to maintain what has already been put in place. To move forward will mean continuing to confront those challenges in trying to improve women's health around the world. These are addressed by looking at three key themes: reconfiguring medicine; dealing with diversity; and gendering the social model of health. In each case these themes are placed in a global context.
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Schweitzer, Robert, Jaimi Greenslade, and Ashraf Kagee. "Coping and Resilience in Refugees from the Sudan: A Narrative Account." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 41, no. 3 (March 2007): 282–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00048670601172780.
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Objective: The purpose of this paper was to identify and explicate coping and resilience themes employed by 13 resettled Sudanese refugees. Method: A sample of 13 Sudanese refugees was asked to describe their experience of coping in the three periods of their migration, namely: pre migration from Sudan, transit, and post migration in their host country. Members of the sample participated in qualitative interviews conducted with the assistance a bilingual community worker. Results: Three themes that characterized the experience of resettled refugees across all periods were: religious beliefs, social support and personal qualities. A fourth less salient, theme, comparison with others, also emerged in the post-migration context. Conclusions: A number of themes associated with coping and resilience in response to trauma were identified. These themes may be translated into strategies to assist in responding constructively to trauma. Such approaches may be used to improve the well-being of resettled refugees in Australia.
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Bendrups, Dan, Sebastian Diaz-Gasca, Gabriela Constanza Martinez Ortiz, Perla Guarneros Sanchez, and Elisa Mena-Maldonado. "Australia as a destination for Latin American doctoral candidates: Four personal reflections." Transitions: Journal of Transient Migration 4, no. 1 (March 1, 2020): 69–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/tjtm_00013_1.
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Universities are important drivers for transnational migration to Australia, especially for students who are economically mobile, or who might be seeking to convert a transitory study experience into a more permanent migratory one. The economic growth experienced in a number of Latin American countries in the twenty-first century introduced new cohorts of Latin American students into Australian tertiary education institutions, including some from countries that may have had minimal prior presence in Australia. This includes students working towards research degrees. This article presents the autoethnographic accounts of four doctoral candidates from Latin America studying in Australia. It considers their motivations for undertaking graduate research, and the factors that brought them to choose Australia as a study destination, and the benefits and challenges they have experienced in coming here. While the candidates are all from different research fields, their experiences reveal commonalities around three key themes: opportunity, safe exploration and the role of family in enabling decisions about transnational doctoral education.
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Tallentire, Victoria R., Samantha E. Smith, Adam D. Facey, and Laila Rotstein. "Exploring newly qualified doctors' workplace stressors: an interview study from Australia." BMJ Open 7, no. 8 (August 2017): e015890. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-015890.
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PurposePostgraduate year 1 (PGY1) doctors suffer from high levels of psychological distress, yet the contributory factors are poorly understood. This study used an existing model of workplace stress to explore the elements most pertinent to PGY1 doctors. In turn, the data were used to amend and refine the conceptual model to better reflect the unique experiences of PGY1 doctors.MethodFocus groups were undertaken with PGY1 doctors working at four different health services in Victoria, Australia. Transcripts were coded using Michie's model of workplace stress as the initial coding template. Remaining text was coded inductively and the supplementary codes were used to modify and amplify Michie's framework.ResultsThere were 37 participants in total. Key themes included stressors intrinsic to the job, such as work overload and long hours, as well as those related to the context of work such as lack of role clarity and relationships with colleagues. The main modification to Michie's framework was the addition of the theme of uncertainty. This concept related to most of the pre-existing themes in complex ways, culminating in an overall sense of anxiety.ConclusionsMichie's model of workplace stress can be effectively used to explore the stressors experienced by PGY1 doctors. Pervasive uncertainty may help to explain the high levels of psychological morbidity in this group. While some uncertainty will always remain, the medical education community must seek ways to improve role clarity and promote mutual respect.
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Brawner, Derek, Carrie Ann Stephens, Shelby Brawner, Christopher T. Stripling, and Neal Samuel Eash. "Impact of Teachers on an Australian Community Over Ten Years: A Qualitative Study." Journal of International Agricultural and Extension Education 23, no. 1 (May 15, 2016): 60–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.5191/jiaee.2016.23105.
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The purpose of this study was to use intensive interviews to evaluate the impact of American teachers on a rural community in New South Wales, Australia from 2005 to 2015. The study analyzed interviews with 10 participants of the Australian community. Survey participants were chosen based on their longevity in the community and their community involvement. Two researchers and a peer reviewer transcribed, coded, and categorized the data into themes suggested by the interview participants using participatory action research. Results from this study identified two major themes: impact on student growth and sense of community, and eight subthemes: student performance, international growth, culture, perceptions and stereotypes, values, pre and post impressions of American teachers, involvement within the community, and community acceptance.
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Matthews, Anna, Lisa R. Jackson Pulver, and Ian T. Ring. "Strengthening the link between policy formulation and implementation of Indigenous health policy directions." Australian Health Review 32, no. 4 (2008): 613. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah080613.
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This study aimed to understand the problems within the Indigenous health policy process in Australia and how weaknesses in the process impact on policy implementation. Using semistructured questions, 23 key stakeholders in the policy-making process were interviewed. Three main themes dominated; a need for increased Indigenous involvement in policy formulation at the senior Australian Government level, increased participation of Indigenous community-controlled health organisations in the policy-making process and, most importantly, ensuring that policies have the necessary resources for their implementation. The emergence of these specific themes demonstrated weaknesses in policy process from the formulation stage onward. Tackling these would, according to our informants, significantly enhance the effectiveness of the policy process and contribute to further improvement of the health of Indigenous Australians.
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Gibson, Dianne, Louise Paatsch, and Dianne Toe. "An Analysis of the Role of Teachers’ Aides in a State Secondary School: Perceptions of Teaching Staff and Teachers’ Aides." Australasian Journal of Special Education 40, no. 1 (September 1, 2015): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jse.2015.11.
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In Victoria, Australia, one of the major roles of the teachers’ aide (TA) is to assist students with disabilities to access their education. Researchers have identified the inconsistencies in defining the roles of the TA, in a variety of settings, by TAs, teachers, parents, and other research participants. Four main themes that have been frequently reported in educational research related to the role of TAs formed the basis for this study: (a) inclusion in the school community, (b) curriculum, (c) classroom management, and (d) student support.Drawing on the results of a questionnaire administered to teachers and TAs at a government nonselective secondary school in Victoria, Australia, data were collected to explore the differing perspectives on the role of the TAs by the teaching staff and the TAs. In all, 65 individuals participated in this study. The participants formed 3 groups: TAs (n = 10), teachers (n = 49), and T/TAs (n = 6; participants in this group had worked as both a teacher and TA). The results of the study showed a diversity of views across the 4 themes. In 3 of the 4 themes that included inclusion, classroom management, and student support, the 3 groups agreed on the role of the TA. In the remaining theme, curriculum, opinions varied significantly. The results of the study reveal that a concerted effort to clarify the role of TAs would be beneficial to all stakeholders.
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Blanc, Yordanka Berg, and Elaine Dietsch. "The Experience of Australia's First Nations Men Supporting Their Partners During Childbirth: A Descriptive, Interpretive Study." International Journal of Childbirth 8, no. 4 (December 1, 2018): 216–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/2156-5287.8.4.216.
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This research explored and described the experiences of Australia's First Nations expectant fathers as they supported their partners during childbirth. A descriptive, interpretive approach used purposive recruitment to the point of data saturation. Five participants were interviewed within 4 days of supporting their partners during childbirth. Interview data were thematically analyzed, and five themes emerged. Three themes were consistent with findings from non–First Nations fathers. Two new themes related to changes in childbearing traditions, “we show affection in different way” and staff support strategies, “educate dads by telling stories about birth”; will be closely examined in this article. This research identified the existence of a new generation of First Nations fathers in Central Australia wishing to guide and support their partners in their journey to parenthood. The development of support programs, responsive to their unique ways of knowing and learning style, will ensure that their needs are optimally met.
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Khalil, H., A. Downie, and E. Ristevski. "Mapping palliative and end of care research in Australia (2000–2018)." Palliative and Supportive Care 18, no. 6 (January 20, 2020): 713–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1478951519001111.
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AbstractObjectiveThe objective of this study is to map the existent research undertaken in Australia into broad thematic areas and identify the characteristics of the studies and areas of future research in the literature.MethodsA scoping review methodology was employed to map the current areas of research undertaken in Australia since January 2000 until the end of December 2018 according to years of publications, types of studies, populations studied, research themes, and areas of focus.ResultsOur review identified 1,405 Australian palliative care research publications between January 2000 and December 2018. Nearly 40% of the studies were quantitative (39%) and a third were qualitative studies (31%). The remainder of the studies were reviews, mixed methods, quality improvement projects, and others. One-third (30%) of the research was done with carers' participants followed by nurses (22%) and doctors and physicians (18%). The most frequently reported diagnosis in the studies was cancer with 42% of the publication total. The most frequently explored theme was physical symptoms (such as pain, breathlessness, nausea, delirium, and dyspnea) with a total of 16% of all articles followed by communication (15%). There was a large gap to the next most frequently explored theme with service delivery (9%) and coordination of care (8%). Assessment of patients (7%), end-of-life decision-making (6%), and rural/regional (6%) all produced a similar number of publications. Very few studies addressed topics such as quality of life, E-Health, after-hours care, spirituality, and health economics. Moreover, there were only 15 (1%) studies focused on the last days of life.Significance of the resultsThe current review presented a comprehensive search of the literature across almost two decades in Australia in the palliative care setting. It has covered a breadth of research topics and highlighted urgent areas for further research.
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Kaine, Sarah, and Martijn Boersma. "Women, work and industrial relations in Australia in 2017." Journal of Industrial Relations 60, no. 3 (April 20, 2018): 317–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022185618764204.
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Throughout 2017, public interest, parliamentary debate and academic research about women, work and industrial relations centred around a few key themes: pay and income inequality, health and well-being at work and the intersection of paid and unpaid work. These themes were identified in three related yet distinct mediums: the media, parliamentary debate and academic literature. Automated content analysis software was used to assist in the thematic analysis of media articles and the House of Representatives Hansard, supplemented by a manual analysis of relevant academic publications. A thematic overlap was evident across the three datasets, despite the time lag associated with academic research and publication. This is a significant finding, emphasising that the inequalities experienced by women in the labour market are long term and entrenched.
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Hamilton, Emma. "Such Is Western: An Overview of the Australian Western via Ned Kelly Films." Studia Filmoznawcze 38 (June 21, 2017): 31–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.19195/0860-116x.38.3.
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The very existence of such athing as the “Australian Western” has been the subject of scholarly debate. This article utilizes the lens of Ned Kelly filmic representations to explore the development of the Western genre in Australia, and especially the ways in which historical consonances and dissonances, and processes of transatlantic cultural exchange have led to the development of films that can be reasonably recognized as both distinctly Western and distinctly Australian. Thus, this article gives consideration to the history, production and themes of Ned Kelly filmic representation in order to illuminate the development of the Western in Australia. Such consideration highlights the ways in which the Western genre functions as alanguage through which to explore the meaning of settlement in occupied spaces, but whose dialectic differences reflect particular national contexts and relationships to Hollywood soft power.„TAKI JEST WESTERN” — PRZEGLĄD AUSTRALIJSKIEGO WESTERNU NA PODSTAWIE FILMÓW O NEDZIE KELLYMSamo istnienie czegoś takiego jak „australijski western” jest tematem akademickiej dyskusji. Niniejszy artykuł wykorzystuje pryzmat filmowych reprezentacji słynnego australijskiego bandyty Neda Kelly w celu zbadania rozwoju gatunku westernu w Australii, a w szczególności sposobów, w jakich historyczne harmonie i dysharmonie oraz procesy transatlantyckiej wymiany kulturowej doprowadziły do rozwoju filmy mogące być słusznie postrzegane zarówno jako wyraźnie westernowe, jak i wyraźnie australijskie. Tak więc esej ten poddaje pod rozwagę historię, produkcję i tematykę filmowych interpretacji postaci Neda Kelly'ego, żeby rzucić światło na rozwój gatunku westernu w Australii. Taki wzgląd uwydatnia sposoby, w jakich gatunek westernu funkcjonuje jako język, przez który można badać znaczenie osadnictwa na kolonizowanych terenach, ale którego dialektalne różnice odzwierciedlają konkretne narodowe konteksty i powiązania z „miękką siłą” soft power Hollywoodu. Przeł. Kordian Bobowski]]>
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Mude, William, and Lillian Mwanri. "Negotiating Identity and Belonging in a New Space: Opportunities and Experiences of African Youths in South Australia." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 15 (July 29, 2020): 5484. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17155484.
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This paper was part of a large study that aimed to explore determinants of increased suicides among African youths in South Australia. As part of this larger study, narratives from participants indicated that identity crisis could be a potential determinant of suicide. This paper reports on how African youths negotiate and form identity in Australia. A qualitative inquiry was undertaken with 31 African youths using a focus group and individual interviews. Data analysis was guided by a framework for qualitative research. These youths negotiated multiple identities, including those of race, gender, ethnicity and their origin. ‘Freedom and opportunity’, ‘family relationships’, ‘neither belonging here nor there’ and ‘the ability to cope against the paradox of resourcefulness in Australia’ appeared to be important themes in negotiating individual identities. An opportunity was used to acknowledge privileges available in Australia relative to Africa. However, the extent to which individuals acted on these opportunities varied, affecting a person’s sense of purpose, identity formation and belonging in Australia. The loss of social networks following migration, and cultural differences between African and Australian societies, shaped the experience of belonging and identity formation. These findings are crucial as they indicate the need for policies and practices that consider experiences of youths as they form their identity in Australia. Further studies with large numbers of participants are needed to explore these issues further among African youths in Australia.
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Cummings, Lorne, and Mark Valentine St Leon. "Juggling the books: the use of accounting information in circus in Australia." Accounting History 14, no. 1-2 (January 20, 2009): 11–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1032373208098550.
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This article outlines the role of accounting information in circus in Australia in the approximate period 1847—1963. Responding to the call for an increased historical narrative in accounting, we have studied the literature, documentation and personal memoirs concerning circus in Australia. From our examination, we have abstracted and analysed material that expresses, or implies, the use of accounting information. Themes identified include the magnitude and nature of capital investments; ticket pricing and revenues; the nature and composition of operational costs; standards of internal control; insolvencies and liquidations. We have established that, despite elementary levels of education, many circus people exhibited an intuitive grasp of fundamental accounting principles, albeit in a rudimentary form. Nevertheless, since financial and management reporting practises were typically unsystematic, and even non-existent, in all but the largest circus enterprises, Australian circus management may not have been optimized.
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Zutshi, Ambika, Andrew Creed, and Brian Connelly. "Education for Sustainable Development: Emerging Themes from Adopters of a Declaration." Sustainability 11, no. 1 (December 29, 2018): 156. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11010156.
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Universities that sign the Talloires Declaration signify their commitment to education for sustainable development. This research explores whether the signification is a strategic desire to be seen to be doing the right thing, or a genuine commitment to enhancing sustainability and helping the environment. This semi-structured interview research involves communication with the sustainability managers in the majority of Talloires signified universities in Australia. Since Australia has a comparably high rate of commitment to the Talloires Declaration, the findings represent rich and deep insight into reasons and motivations that can inform the adoption process around the world. Applying institutional theory and related concepts of structuration, isomorphism, and signaling, the findings are analyzed to reveal the range of environmental initiatives and the underlying explanation of themes. Current strategies and future directions for universities are indicated. Findings are that higher education is a key mechanism in business and society for finding and harnessing knowledge-based solutions. The challenge is that institutionalization has created resistance to change through coercive, normative, and mimetic isomorphism, along with rhetoric. Structuration factors should be considered in the context of making positive changes for sustainability in the university sector.
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Clarke, Robert, and Andrea Adam. "Digital storytelling in Australia." Arts and Humanities in Higher Education 11, no. 1-2 (June 20, 2011): 157–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1474022210374223.
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This project explored the experiences of a small sample ( N = 6) of Australian academics with the use of digital storytelling as a pedagogical tool in higher education contexts. This article describes two case studies of academic uses of digital storytelling, along with interpretive analysis of six semi-structured interviews of academics working within media and communication studies and their reflections on the potential of digital storytelling to enhance student learning and the student experience. Three consistent themes emerged, based around issues of definition, the need for ‘constructive alignment’, and resource and planning requirements. Academics regarded digital storytelling as a complement to, not a substitute for, conventional methods of learning and assessment such as the critical research essay. Overall, reservations exist regarding the promise of digital storytelling as a pedagogical tool that some academics have recently claimed for it.
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Gilles, Marisa T., John Wakerman, and Angela Durey. ""If it wasn't for OTDs, there would be no AMS": overseas-trained doctors working in rural and remote Aboriginal health settings." Australian Health Review 32, no. 4 (2008): 655. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah080655.
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Australian-trained doctors are often reluctant to work in rural and remote areas and overseastrained doctors (OTDs) are recruited to practise in many rural Aboriginal medical services. This paper focuses on recent research carried out in Australia to analyse factors affecting OTDs? professional, cultural and social integration and examine their training and support needs. Ten case studies were conducted throughout Australia with OTDs, which also included interviews with spouses/partners, professional colleagues, co-workers, and Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander community members associated with the health service. Key themes emerging from the data across all informants included the need to better address recruitment, orientation and cross-cultural issues; the importance of effective communication and building community and institutional relationships, both with the local health service and the broader medical establishment.
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Nicholas, Hannah. "Animals of Arid Australia: out on their own?" Pacific Conservation Biology 15, no. 1 (2009): 76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc090076.
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Comprising the proceedings and plenary session of the forum ?Animals of arid Australia: out on their own?? held in Mosman, New South Wales in 2004, this publication consists of 17 papers that bring together a range of themes on the fauna and land use of Australia?s arid zone. The authors encompass various disciplines and backgrounds, and a wide range of skills.
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Ellis, Katherine, Janet Fulton, and Paul Scott. "Detention attention: Framing a Manus Island riot." Pacific Journalism Review 22, no. 1 (July 31, 2016): 74. http://dx.doi.org/10.24135/pjr.v22i1.13.
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This article reports on a research project that investigated the framing of asylum seekers in the Australian news publicationsThe Australian and The Guardian Australia Edition, during their coverage of a riot that occurred in an asylum seeker processing centre on Manus Island, Papua New Guinea, in February 2014. Analysis found themes of asylum seekers represented as threats to national identity, State sovereignty, and as victims. The research discusses the potential impacts framing may have on the way asylum seekers are perceived by readers of these publications. Its findings showed that the process of framing in news reports can both privilege and exclude aspects of an event being reported.
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Chan, Justin CY, Aashray K. Gupta, Wendy J. Babidge, Michael G. Worthington, and Guy J. Maddern. "Technical factors affecting cardiac surgical mortality in Australia." Asian Cardiovascular and Thoracic Annals 27, no. 6 (June 10, 2019): 443–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0218492319854888.
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Aim Examination of potentially avoidable issues in surgical deaths can provide a basis for quality improvement. Perioperative technical factors in cardiac surgery may lead or contribute to patient mortality. Using data from a well-established and comprehensive national surgical mortality audit, we aimed to identify and describe clinical management issues leading to mortality in Australian cardiac surgical patients. Methods Retrospective analysis of a cardiac surgical dataset from the Australian and New Zealand Audit of Surgical Mortality (February 2009 to December 2015) was undertaken. Clinical management issues related to technical factors were analyzed using a thematic analysis approach. Technical clinical management issues were categorized based on the most common themes, followed by qualitative analysis of each theme. Results We identified 256 patients with least one technical management issues (total 270). Injury to structures was the most common theme ( n = 115, 44.9%), followed by unaddressed surgical pathology ( n = 39, 15.2%) and inadequate myocardial protection ( n = 34, 13.2%). More specifically, the most common structural injury involved the right ventricle, with the aorta and femoral vessels also commonly injured. The most common unaddressed surgical pathology was incomplete coronary revascularization, followed by systolic anterior motion of the mitral valve during mitral repair. Graft failure occurred during coronary artery bypass graft surgery, with a poor target vessel being a common issue. Conclusion Technical factors in cardiac surgery resulting in potentially avoidable mortality constitute an important subset of deaths. These findings can inform various stakeholders to improve the quality and safety of surgical care.
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D. James, Craig, Jill Landsberg, and Stephen R. Morton. "Ecological functioning in arid Australia and research to assist conservation of biodiversity." Pacific Conservation Biology 2, no. 2 (1995): 126. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc960126.
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This discussion paper outlines what we perceive to be current conservation problems in arid Australia. We call for better land-use planning for conservation, for the integration of conservation and other types of land use, and for an agenda for research that is required to assist this planning and integration. We identify four key themes on which we believe research is imperative to assist the conservation of biodiversity. The research themes are: (1) identification of spatial and temporal patterns of distribution of native biota; (2) quantification of the impact of pastoralism on native biota; (3) identification of, and control of, potential non-native pest species; and (4) development of methods and technologies to allow regional conservation planning. For each of these themes we examine current knowledge and on-going research and provide a framework in which these research areas could be addressed. We offer this discussion to help refine and target research expenditure.
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Bath, Howard. "Residential care in Australia, Part II: A review of recent literature and emerging themes to inform service development." Children Australia 33, no. 2 (2008): 18–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1035077200000183.
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This is the second of a two-part discussion about the development of residential care services in Australia. It contains a review of some of the recent literature on residential care from Australia, the UK, Canada and the USA. It concludes with a look at the major themes and issues that emerge from this literature as well as the service trends and developments canvassed in Part I.