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Journal articles on the topic 'Australia public policy'

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Published: 10 December 2022

Last updated: 28 January 2023

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1

Clarke, Harry. "Australian Tourism Industry Policy: A New View." Tourism Economics 3, no. 4 (December 1997): 361–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/135481669700300405.

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An economic rationale for Australian public sector involvement in the management of tourism can be established on two grounds. First, there are resource/environmental and public good issues contingent on the external costs associated with Australia's domestic and international tourism. Second, there are rent extraction and marketing issues stemming from Australia's destination uniqueness and the consequent existence of national market power in the provision of international tourism. Analysis of this joint rationale for policy activism suggests a form for appropriate policies and a functional separation in the organization and management of policy. While some of the present discussion is specific to Australia, the viewpoint developed here is relevant to any economy with a substantial tourism sector.

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2

Barcan, Alan, and Simon Marginson. "Education and Public Policy in Australia." British Journal of Educational Studies 42, no. 2 (June 1994): 193. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3122338.

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3

Gillam, Lynn. "Bioethics and Public Policy in Australia." Politics and the Life Sciences 13, no. 1 (February 1994): 87–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0730938400022279.

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4

ZUBRZYCKI, J. "Public Policy in a Multicultural Australia*." International Migration 25, no. 1 (March 1987): 63–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2435.1987.tb00125.x.

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5

Whiteford, Harvey, Bronwyn Macleod, and Elizabeth Leitch. "The National Mental Health Policy: Implications for Public Psychiatric Services in Australia." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 27, no. 2 (June 1993): 186–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00048679309075767.

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The Health Ministers of all Australian States, Territories and the Commonwealth endorsed National Mental Health Policy in April 1992 [1]. This Policy is intended to set clear direction for the future development of mental health services within Australia. The Policy recognises the high prevalence of mental health problems and mental disorders in the Australian community and the impact of these on consumers, carers, families and society as whole. It also clearly accepts the need to address the problems confronting the promotion of mental health and the provision of mental health services.

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6

Caroine, Norma. "The Koreanization of the Australian Sex Industry: A Policy and Legislative Challenge." Korean Journal of Policy Studies 26, no. 3 (December 31, 2011): 13–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.52372/kjps26302.

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South Korea enacted Legislation in 2004 that penalizes pimps, traffickers, and sex industry customers while decriminalizing people in prostitution and offering assistance to leave the sex industry. In contrast, Australia Legally recognizes most sex industry activities. This article argues that Australia`s Laissezfaire approach to the sex industry hampers South Korean government efforts to prevent the crime of sex trafficking. Since 2004, pimps and traffickers have moved their activities from South Korea to countries like Australia and the US that maintain relatively hospitable operating environments for the sex industry. The Australian government should reconsider its approach to prostitution on the basis of its diplomatic obligations to countries Like South Korea and the need to uphold the human rights of women in Asia who are being trafficked and murdered as a result of sexual demand emanating from Australia. Australia should coordinate its policy on prostitution with South Korea to strengthen the region`s transnational anti-trafficking response.

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7

Bartels, Lorana, Robin Fitzgerald, and Arie Freiberg. "Public opinion on sentencing and parole in Australia." Probation Journal 65, no. 3 (May 27, 2018): 269–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0264550518776763.

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Australia has nine different legislative regimes for sentencing and parole, as well as eight prison regimes; it has therefore been described as an ideal penal laboratory. This paper presents an overview of the extensive body of recent Australian research on public opinion on sentencing and, more recently, parole. The discussion on parole is situated in the context of an analysis of the legislative and policy landscape, which has undergone significant changes in recent years. The paper concludes with some comments on future research directions in relation to Australian public opinion on parole.

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8

Rowe, David, Rodney Tiffen, and Brett Hutchins. "Keeping it free: Sport television and public policy in Australia." Journal of Digital Media & Policy 00, no. 00 (February 24, 2022): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/jdmp_00098_1.

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This article addresses issues surrounding changes in television in the digital age, focusing specifically on questions of cultural citizenship as they relate to sport on television. It considers the curious neglect of sport in the Australian Government’s 2020 ‘Media Reform Green Paper: Modernising television regulation in Australia’, especially given its focus on the current problems of free-to-air (FTA) television and the importance of sport to it. In Australia, as in many other countries, there is some legislative protection to enable sport ‘events of national importance and cultural significance’ to be broadcast without charge to whole national communities, thereby preventing their ‘siphoning’ by subscription television providers. These regulatory arrangements have come under increasing pressure, including from screen-based content providers offering over-the-top (OTT) internet-enabled, on-demand streaming services. The article considers the public policy and social equity ramifications of regulating screen-based sport in this dynamic media environment. It is argued that there is a strong case for an anti-siphoning list covering selected live sport events to be maintained, revised as necessary and protected from circumvention in an era where FTA television remains a popular, reliable and widely accessible media technology that has minimal barriers to viewing citizens. We conclude that television regulation in Australia cannot be ‘modernised’ by allowing the anti-siphoning regime to wither on the vine in gesturing to technological innovation, market de-regulation and unequal choice. Such interventions in national media and sport markets can, it is proposed, enable the necessary innovation to enhance rather than erode cultural citizenship rights for the benefit of large segments of society.

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9

Wilhelm, Kay, Viola Korczak, Tad Tietze, and Prasuna Reddy. "Clinical pathways for suicidality in emergency settings: a public health priority." Australian Health Review 41, no. 2 (2017): 182. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah16008.

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Rates of self-harm in Australia are increasing and constitute a concerning public health issue. Although there are standard treatment pathways for physical complaints, such as headache, abdominal pain and chest pain, in Emergency Medicine, there is no national pathway for self-harm or other psychiatric conditions that present to the emergency department. Herein we outline the difference between clinical practice guidelines and clinical pathways, discuss pathways we have identified on self-harm in Australia and overseas and discuss their applicability to the Australian context and the next steps forward in addressing this public health issue.

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10

Glasgow, Nicholas, and Lucio Naccarella. "Guest Editorial: Getting Evidence into Policy - Stimulating Debate and Building the Evidence Base." Australian Journal of Primary Health 13, no. 2 (2007): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py07016.

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In this special edition of the Journal, we have brought together papers with the aim of contributing to primary health care reform in Australia. The papers will stimulate further debate and increase the evidence base through which policies can be informed. Does primary health care in Australia need reform? Are there fundamental problems with the health system demanding a reform response? The challenges confronting Australia's health care system over the next decade are real and well documented (Productivity Commission, 2005; Australian Medical Workforce Advisory Committee [AMWAC], 2005). They include the ageing population and longer life expectancies, the increasing prevalence of chronic illness and co-morbidity, heightened consumer expectations, advances in health technologies and shortages in the health workforce.

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11

De Percy, Michael Alexander. "Policy Legacies from Early Australian Telecommunications." Journal of Telecommunications and the Digital Economy 9, no. 3 (September 11, 2021): 136–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.18080/jtde.v9n3.431.

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The purpose of this article on the policy legacies from Australia’s early telecommunications history is not to present a counterfactual to Australia’s choice of public monopoly provision of early telecommunications services, but rather to indicate the extent that politics limited the private sector’s role in deploying early telegraph and telephone infrastructure in Australia. The article begins by outlining a theoretical framework for analysing government’s role in deploying new telecommunications technologies, before investigating some of the less familiar literature on the historical impact of government intervention on the private sector in the early Australian telegraph and telephone industries. It then discusses some of the political issues relating to the subsequent liberalisation of the telecommunications industry in Australia and concludes with a discussion of the historical legacies of government intervention on the private sector in the Australian telecommunications industry.

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12

Marginson, Simon. "Education and public policy in Australia: a reply." Critical Studies in Education 36, no. 1 (1995): 84–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17508487.1995.9525870.

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Marginson, Simon. "Education and public policy in Australia: A reply." Melbourne Studies in Education 36, no. 1 (January 1995): 84–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17508487.1995.9558574.

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14

Miller, D. "Public Policy in International Commercial Arbitrations in Australia." Arbitration International 9, no. 2 (June 1, 1993): 167–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/arbitration/9.2.167.

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15

Carter, Lyn. "National innovation policy and public science in Australia." Cultural Studies of Science Education 12, no. 4 (October 3, 2017): 929–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11422-017-9843-z.

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16

Mann, Monique. "New public management and the ‘business’ of policing organised crime in Australia." Criminology & Criminal Justice 17, no. 4 (October 26, 2016): 382–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1748895816671384.

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The globalisation of new public management (NPM) across OECD countries had a profound impact on the administration and management of policing policy and practice. The ideologies of NPM were enthusiastically embraced in Australia in response to high-level corruption with mixed results. This article draws on interviews with senior Australian federal police to explore the policing of organised crime in the context of NPM. Emerging themes concerned the requirement to make the ‘business case’ for resources on the basis of strategic intelligence, recognition of the complexities associated with performance measurement and institutional competition as agencies vie for limited public resources. This article questions the discursive practices of NPM policing and raises questions about notions of ‘accountability’ and ‘transparency’ for effective police approaches to organised crime.

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17

Carroll, Tom E., and Laurie Van Veen. "Public Health Social Marketing: The Immunise Australia Program." Social Marketing Quarterly 8, no. 1 (March 2002): 55–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15245000212542.

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The case study presented here represents the application of social marketing theory and practice to increase the levels of full age-appropriate childhood immunization as part of the Immunise Australia Program. In 1995, an Australian Bureau of Statistics survey found that only 33% of Australian children up to 6 years of age were fully immunized according to the schedule being recommended at the time, and 52% were assessed as being fully immunized according to the previous schedule (ABS, 1996). In response to this situation, the Australian Government formulated the Immunise Australia Program. This program comprised a number of initiatives, including: ▪ improvements to immunization practice and service delivery; ▪ establishment of a National Centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance; ▪ negotiation with State and Territory Governments to introduce requirements for immunization prior to commencing school; ▪ financial incentives for doctors and parents/guardians; ▪ a national childhood immunization education campaign; and ▪ a specific Measles Control Campaign. While recognizing the key role played by structural and policy reform within the formulation and implementation of a social marketing strategy, this article focuses primarily on the community education components of this program.

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18

Gurran, Nicole. "Public Cities, Public Scholars? Questioning Urban Policy and Research in Australia." Urban Policy and Research 36, no. 1 (July 12, 2017): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08111146.2017.1347499.

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19

Homeshaw, Judith. "POLICY COMMUNITY, POLICY NETWORKS AND SCIENCE POLICY IN AUSTRALIA." Australian Journal of Public Administration 54, no. 4 (December 1995): 520–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8500.1995.tb01165.x.

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20

Mayangsari, Fauziah Rohmatika. "Australia Government Response to COVID-19: Coordination and the Effectivity of Policy." Jurnal Global & Strategis 14, no. 2 (November 30, 2020): 279. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jgs.14.2.2020.279-296.

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Abstrak Artikel ini mendeskripsikan respon pemerintah Australia terhadap pandemi COVID-19. ini Respon kebijakan pemerintah yang menjadi fokus adalah pengelolaan risiko di tiga sektor utama: kesehatan masyarakat, sistem kesehatan nasional, dan keberlangsungan perekonomian negara. Artikel ini kemudian menjelaskan bagaimana Australia dianggap sebagai salah satu contoh negara yang sukses dalam menangani pandemi COVID-19. Kebijakan untuk menutup perbatasan sejak dini dan penyusunan kebijakan terkoordinasi yang berdasar saran para ahli merupakan beberapa kunci kesuksesan Australia. Selain itu, kepatuhan masyarakat turut mendukung keberhasilan implementasi dari kebijakan pemerintahan. Namun, kepatuhan penduduk Australia merupakan hasil dari rasa percaya terhadap kemampuan pemerintah untuk menangani krisis. Berbagai faktor tersebut membuat Australia berhasil melandaikan kurva COVID-19 dalam waktu kurang dari enam bulan. Walaupun masih cukup dini untuk mengidentifikasi pelajaran yang bisa diambil dari Australia, namun dapat dikatakan bahwa di tengah pandemi dan krisis, pemerintah harus bekerja bersama dengan masyarakat agar kebijakan yang telah disusun dapat diimplementasikan dengan baik. Kata-kata kunci: COVID-19; respon pandemi; Australia This article describes the Australian Government’s responses to the COVID-19 pandemic. The focus is on the policy responses to mitigate the risk in three main sectors: people’s health, national health system, and economic livelihoods. It discusses how Australia’s response to the COVID-19 pandemic is among the few successful cases in the world. Australia’s early border closure and coordinated policy measures with the experts are among the key behind Australia’s success. Besides, Australian public compliance further supports the implementation of government policy. Such compliance is the result of people’s trust in the Government’s capability to tackle the crisis. As a consequence, Australia has succeeded in flattening the curve within less than six months. Although it is relatively early to identify the lessons learned from Australia, it is safe to say that during pandemic and crisis, in order to make the policy works, the Government needs to work together with the public. Keywords: COVID-19; pandemic response; Australia

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21

Seah, Davinia S. E., Timothy Z. Cheong, and Matthew H. R. Anstey. "The hidden cost of private health insurance in Australia." Australian Health Review 37, no. 1 (2013): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah11126.

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The provision of health services in Australia currently is primarily financed by a unique interaction of public and private insurers. This commentary looks at a loophole in this framework, namely that private insurers have to date been able to avoid funding healthcare for some of their policy holders, as it is not a requirement to use private insurance when treatment occurs in Australian public hospitals.

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22

Coid, Don. "Health Policy in Australia." Public Health 117, no. 5 (September 2003): 377. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0033-3506(03)00120-3.

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23

Chapman, Simon, and Melanie Wakefield. "Tobacco Control Advocacy in Australia: Reflections on 30 Years of Progress." Health Education & Behavior 28, no. 3 (June 2001): 274–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/109019810102800303.

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Australia has one of the world’s most successful records on tobacco control. The role of public health advocacy in securing public and political support for tobacco control legislation and policy and program support is widely acknowledged and enshrined in World Health Organization policy documents yet is seldom the subject of analysis in the public health policy research literature. Australian public health advocates tend to not work in settings where evaluation and systematic planning are valued. However, their day-to-day strategies reveal considerable method and grounding in framing theory. The nature of media advocacy is explored, with differences between the conceptualization of routine “programmatic” public health interventions and the modus operandi of media advocacy highlighted. Two case studies on securing smoke-free indoor air and banning all tobacco advertising are used to illustrate advocacy strategies that have been used in Australia. Finally, the argument that advocacy should emanate from communities and be driven by them is considered.

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Roberts, Lynne D., Caroline Spiranovic, and David Indermaur. "A country not divided: A comparison of public punitiveness and confidence in sentencing across Australia." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Criminology 44, no. 3 (December 2011): 370–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0004865811419059.

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Changes to sentencing legislation are often introduced or justified on the basis of satisfying public opinion. If sentencing policy is a reflection of public opinion we should see a concordance between different sentencing policies and public opinion. This paper provides a comparison between Australian States and Territories in terms of two key measures of public attitude concerning sentencing: confidence in sentencing and punitiveness. These results are based on acomprehensive telephone survey ( N = 6005) of Australian adults which utilized a stratified random sample of households from the Electronic White Pages. It was found that there were only minor differences in the key measures of public attitude despite the notable differences between the States and Territories of Australia with respect to sentencing policy. Differences in public attitudes across jurisdictions were small, accounting for less than 2 per cent of variation in confidence in sentencing and punitive attitudes scores. In addition, despite the predicted moderately negative association between confidence in sentencing and punitiveness, neither of these variables was related in any systematic way to jurisdictional differences in imprisonment rates. The major implication of these findings is that the wide differences in sentencing practice and policy between jurisdictions in Australia are not linked to differences in public attitudes, supporting Beckett's (1997) argument that sentencing policy is better understood as a function of political initiative rather than a direct articulation of public attitude.

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Caruso, David R. A. "Public policy and private illegality in the pursuit of evidence." International Journal of Evidence & Proof 21, no. 1-2 (December 29, 2016): 87–118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1365712716674797.

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The public policy discretion at common law in Australia was established in the High Court case of Bunning v Cross. The discretion has subsequently been interpreted and applied to permit courts to exclude evidence obtained by improper, unlawful or illegal conduct on the part of ‘the authorities’. The discretion has not been held to be enlivened for exercise in circumstances where the impugned conduct is on the part of private persons unconnected with law enforcement. This article argues that this fetter on the availability of the public policy discretion has been wrongly interpreted from the decision in Bunning and that, to the extent that the fetter now forms part of the common law discretion, it should be abandoned. The argument is made on the basis of the language, context, development and rationale of the public policy discretion as conceived in Bunning. The statutory Uniform Evidence Law, which applies in certain Australian jurisdictions, enacts a public policy discretion in s. 138 drawn from the common law public policy discretion. The Uniform Evidence Law is examined to indicate the absence of any fetter to the s. 138 discretion applying only to conduct by authorities as a basis for revising the understanding of the common law discretion. The comparable powers to exclude unlawfully obtained evidence in the United States and United Kingdom are examined to distinguish the rationale of the Australian discretion as requiring a broader scope of application. The internet is considered as a modern advent permitting previously unknown capacity for private persons to unlawfully police each other. Private criminal investigation through the internet is argued to be a further basis to mark the need for the extension of the Australian public policy discretion to all persons not only the authorities. The overarching thesis of this article is to demonstrate why the Australian common law public policy discretion should be enlivened by improper, unlawful or illegal conduct, regardless of the source of that conduct.

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Marston, Greg, and Catherine McDonald. "Assessing the policy trajectory of welfare reform in Australia." Benefits: A Journal of Poverty and Social Justice 15, no. 3 (October 2007): 233–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.51952/ycmz6895.

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Although its roots reach back into the 1980s, the Australian version of welfare reform has intensified over the last decade under the direction of the conservative Howard government. In this article we chart the path to welfare-to-work policies, noting both the discontinuities as well as a degree of continuity with Australia’s traditional approach to social protection. As such, welfare reform in Australia is both revolutionary and evolutionary. Further, its acceptance by the Australian public has been shaped by a sophisticated form of persuasion couched within a discourse of ‘participation’ and ‘obligation’. Finally, we note that in the case of welfare reform, Australia’s approach has switched its traditional reliance on UK social policy models to a social security system designed on the principles of welfare reform as implemented in the US.

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27

Balasubramanian, Madhan, David S. Brennan, A. John Spencer, and Stephanie D. Short. "‘Newness–struggle–success’ continuum: a qualitative examination of the cultural adaptation process experienced by overseas-qualified dentists in Australia." Australian Health Review 40, no. 2 (2016): 168. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah15040.

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Objectives Overseas-qualified dentists constitute a significant proportion of the Australian dental workforce (approximately one in four). The aim of the present study was to provide a better understanding of the cultural adaptation process of overseas-qualified dentists in Australia, so as to facilitate their integration into the Australian way of life and improve their contribution to Australian healthcare, economy and society. Methods Life stories of 49 overseas-qualified dentists from 22 countries were analysed for significant themes and patterns. We focused on their settlement experience, which relates to their social and cultural experience in Australia. This analysis was consistent with a hermeneutic phenomenological approach to qualitative social scientific research. Results Many participants noted that encounters with ‘the Australian accent’ and ‘slang’ influenced their cultural experience in Australia. Most of the participants expressed ‘fascination’ with the people and lifestyle in Australia, primarily with regard to the relaxed way of life, cultural diversity and the freedom one usually experiences living in Australia. Few participants expressed ‘shock’ at not being able to find a community of similar religious faith in Australia, as they are used to in their home countries. These issues were analysed in two themes; (1) language and communication; and (2) people, religion and lifestyle. The cultural adaptation process of overseas-qualified dentists in Australia is described as a continuum or superordinate theme, which we have entitled the ‘newness–struggle–success’ continuum. This overarching theme supersedes and incorporates all subthemes. Conclusion Family, friends, community and organisational structures (universities and public sector) play a vital role in the cultural learning process, affecting overseas-qualified dentist’s ability to progress successfully through the cultural continuum. What is known about the topic? Australia is a popular host country for overseas-qualified dentists. Migrant dentists arrive from contrasting social and cultural backgrounds, and these contrasts can be somewhat more pronounced in dentists from developing countries. To date, there is no evidence available regarding the cultural adaptation process of overseas-qualified dentists in Australia or elsewhere. What does this paper add? This study provides evidence to support the argument that the cultural adaptation process of overseas-qualified dentists in Australia can be viewed as a continuum state, where the individual learns to adapt to the people, language and lifestyle in Australia. The ongoing role of family and friends is primary to a successful transition process. Our research also identifies the positive role played by community and organisational structures, such as universities and public sector employment schemes. What are the implications for practitioners? A potential implication for policy makers is to focus on the positive roles played by organisational structures, particularly universities and the public sector. This can inform more supportive migration policy, as well as strengthen the role these organisations play in providing support for overseas-qualified dentists, thus enabling them to integrate more successfully into Australia’s health care system, economy and society.

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Ginata, Ardian Rizki Serda, Pryanka Pandu, Nurul Handayani, and Putu Aditya Ferdian Ariawantara. "Comparison of Covid-19 Control Policies Between Indonesia and Australia Based on the Perspective of Policy Capacity Theory." Jurnal Borneo Administrator 18, no. 3 (November 30, 2022): 279–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.24258/jba.v18i3.1080.

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The Covid-19 pandemic scrutinized the readiness and challenges of a country's control policies in the Asia Pacific region. This article aims to compare the policy capacity for Covid-19 control between the governments of Indonesia and Australia from the perspective of policy capacity theory. This article uses a qualitative case study method with data collection techniques for literature studies, online investigations, and data analysis. The two countries have something in common in implementing public health policies related to Covid-19, but the authors found different results. Based on the analysis using the theory of policy capacity, from the aspect of analytical capacity, it was found that the Indonesian Government was slow to respond to the Covid-19 pandemic. In contrast, the Australian Government carried out mandatory continuity of the Covid-19 policy. Then in terms of operational capacity, Indonesia still has minimum capacity and resources compared to those Australia. In terms of political capacity, the Government of Indonesia has lost public trust due to policy inconsistencies in controlling Covid-19. Meanwhile, the Australian Government can build public trust with transparent information disclosure. As a country with a large area and a high population in the face of Covid-19, it is necessary to strengthen policy capacity starting with practical policy design, leadership skills, good coordination between cross levels of government, and political legitimacy and public trust

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Hartman, Deborah. "Gender Policy in Australian Schools." Boyhood Studies 5, no. 1 (March 1, 2011): 3–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3149/thy.0501.3.

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This paper describes the rise of boys’ education as a substantial social and educational issue in Australia in the 1990s, mapping the changes in Australian discourses on boys’ education in this period. Ideas and authors informed by the men’s movement entered the discourses about boys’ education, contributing to a wave of teacher experimentation and new ways of thinking about gender policies in schools. The author suggests that there is currently a policy impasse, and proposes a new multi-disciplinary approach bringing together academic, practitioner, policy, and public discourses on boys’ education.

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Thompson, Walter R., Garry D. Phillips, and Michael J. Cousins. "Anaesthesia underpins acute patient care in hospitals." Australian Health Review 31, no. 5 (2007): 116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah07s116.

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The Australian and New Zealand College of Anaesthetists (ANZCA) carried out a review of the roles of anaesthetists in providing acute care services in both public and private hospitals in Europe, North America and South-East Asia. As a result, ANZCA revised its education and training program and its processes relating to overseastrained specialists. The new training program, introduced in 2004, formed the basis for submissions to the Australian Medical Council, and the Australian Competition and Consumer Commission/ Australian Health Workforce Officials? Committee review of medical colleges. A revised continuing professional development program will be in place in 2007. Anaesthetists in Australia and New Zealand play a pivotal role in providing services in both public and private hospitals, as well as supporting intensive care medicine, pain medicine and hyperbaric medicine. Anaesthesia allows surgery, obstetrics, procedural medicine and interventional medical imaging to function optimally, by ensuring that the patient journey is safe and has high quality care. Specialist anaesthetists in Australia now exceed Australian Medical Workforce Advisory Committee recommendations

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31

Engelberg, Terry, Stephen Moston, and James Skinner. "Public perception of sport anti-doping policy in Australia." Drugs: Education, Prevention and Policy 19, no. 1 (July 8, 2011): 84–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/09687637.2011.590556.

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32

Sullivan, Helen. "Local Government in Australia: History, Theory and Public Policy." Australian Journal of Politics & History 64, no. 3 (September 2018): 510–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ajph.12496.

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33

Triffitt, Mark. "The Consequences of Inequality for Public Policy in Australia." Australian Economic Review 48, no. 1 (February 25, 2015): 76–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-8462.12095.

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34

Merlan, Francesca, and Nicolas Peterson. "Anthropology, Public Policy and Social Process in Indigenous Australia." Asia Pacific Journal of Anthropology 14, no. 4 (August 2013): 297–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14442213.2013.804392.

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35

Lofgren, Hans. "Generic drugs: international trends and policy developments in Australia." Australian Health Review 27, no. 1 (2004): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah042710039.

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Public and private third-party payers in many countries encourage or mandate the use of generic drugs. This articleexamines the development of generics policy in Australia, against the background of a description of internationaltrends in this area, and related experiences of reference pricing programs. The Australian generics market remainsunderdeveloped due to a historical legacy of small Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme price differentials betweenoriginator brands and generics. It is argued that policy measures open to the Australian government can be conceivedas clustering around two different approaches: incremental changes within the existing regulatory framework, or a shifttowards a high volume/low price role of generics which would speed up the delivery of substantial cost savings, andcould provide enhanced scope for the financing of new, patented drugs.

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36

Orlova, T. "Development of Public History in Australia." Problems of World History, no. 15 (September 14, 2021): 193–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.46869/2707-6776-2021-15-10.

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The present article is aimed at demonstrating the importance of new for Ukrainian historiography direction of public history, for the country’s development and for strengthening its stance at the international arena. Australia is taken for an example, as it has turned from once remote Terra Incognita into one of the leading nations of the modern world. It is emphasized that, regardless of attainments, the identity issue is still as urgent as to other countries in the conditions of a global crisis. The sources of the public history trend are revealed, explained are the factors conducive to its spread planet-wise, attention is brought to the fact that this trend has become a natural result of developments in the science of history in the Western civilization, encompassing countries of Europe, the Americas, and Australia. The latter, being a ramification of the Western civilization branch, has adopted the guidelines outlined by American scholars, driven by pragmatic considerations. Steps are determined in the institutionalization of the said direction, a characteristic is given to the activities of the Australian Center of Public History at Sydney Technology University, of the journal “Public History Survey”, as well as to the specifics of their work in the digital era under the motto: “History for the public, about the public, together with the public”. The same motto is leading the historians working with local and family history, cooperating with the State in the field of commemoration, placing great importance on museums, memorials, monuments. Considering national holidays, particular attention is given to the National Day of Apology, reflecting the complications of Australian history. Like American public history, the Australian one began to give much attention to those groups of population that were previously omitted by the focus of research, namely, the aborigines. A conclusion is made regarding the importance of history in general and public history in particular for the implementation of the national identity policy – an important token of the nation’s stable and successful progress.

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Barr, Trevor. "The Telecommunications Policy Process." Media International Australia 96, no. 1 (August 2000): 103–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x0009600113.

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A fundamental power shift is underway in contemporary Australia — the deconstruction of the role of the state in ownership, policy and strategic thinking for the future. In telecommunications policy, we have replaced strategic thinking for the nation with ad hoc strategic planning by an array of intensely competitive companies. This article argues that we need to widen the framework of a plethora of public-interest groups pushing narrow sectional interest to much wider inputs in the overall policy process. We need to foster imaginative attempts at constructing national plans — of many different kinds — for Australia's communications future.

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Hlavac, Jim, Adolfo Gentile, Marc Orlando, Emiliano Zucchi, and Ari Pappas. "Translation as a sub-set of public and social policy and a consequence of multiculturalism: the provision of translation and interpreting services in Australia." International Journal of the Sociology of Language 2018, no. 251 (April 25, 2018): 55–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijsl-2018-0004.

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AbstractTranslation can be an overt feature of public policy, typically in situations where there are status planning regulations that prescribe the use of two or more languages that then enable the development of translation infrastructure. In New World countries, one language, usually that of a former colonial power, is thede jureorde factoofficial language and seldom does translation feature as a national policy in its own right. Accounts for the provision of translation in a country such as Australia are to be found elsewhere. This article adopts a “looking sideways” approach to account for the provision of translation in a range of settings – healthcare, welfare, court/police, etc. In these areas, and since the introduction ofmulticulturalismin the mid-1970s, linguistic diversity of the Australian populace has been a component of policy formulation and the provision of translation has become a means for policy to be implemented. A national policy on languages that expressly includes translation does exist in Australia. However, it is the cross-portfolio convention of addressing language barriers in the provision of government services and beyond that accounts for translation. It is here conceptualized not so much as a cultural-linguistic value, but as a means for service delivery.

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Fudge, Elizabeth. "When I'm 64' Public Policy Influences on Wellbeing in Retirement." Australian Journal of Primary Health 3, no. 3 (1997): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py97020.

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Findings from a qualitative study of recently retired non-professional men in the southern metropolitan area of Adelaide, South Australia, highlighted policies that contributed to the men's feelings of increased autonomy and acceptance of retirement as a life stage; factors they related strongly to their experience of wellbeing in retirement. The policies aimed for full employment, high levels of home ownership, financial security in retirement, centralised wage fixing, high minimum wages and optional retirement age. However, the discourse of economic rationalism of Australian governments since the late 1980s appears to be placing many of these policies in jeopardy. Health workers are in a prime position to review, report and act on the effects on the health of citizens of such major policy changes. This article challenges them to do so in collaboration with the communities with whom they work.

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Freed, Gary L., Erin Turbitt, and Amy Allen. "Public or private care: where do specialists spend their time?" Australian Health Review 41, no. 5 (2017): 541. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah15228.

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Objectives The aim of the present study was to provide data to help clarify the public–private division of clinical care provision by doctors in Australia. Methods A secondary analysis was performed of data from the workforce survey administered by the Australian Health Practitioner Regulation Agency. The questionnaire included demographic and employment questions. Analysis included frequency distributions of demographic variables and mean and median calculations of employment data. Data were analysed from those currently employed in eight adult specialities chosen to provide a mix of surgical and medical fields. The specialties were orthopaedic surgery, otolaryngology, ophthalmology, cardiology, neurology, nephrology, gastroenterology and rheumatology. Results For the specialities analysed in the present study, a large majority of the time spent in patient care was provided in the private sector. For the surgical specialties studied, on average less than 30% of clinical time was spent in the public sector. There was considerable variation among specialties in whether a greater proportion of time was spent in out-patient versus in-patient care and how that was divided between the public and private sectors. Conclusions Ensuring Australians have a medical workforce that meets the needs of the population will require assessments of the public and private medical markets, the needs of each market and the adequacy with which current physician clinical time allocation meets those requirements. By appreciating this nuance, Australia can develop policies and strategies for the current and future speciality workforce to meet the nation’s needs. What is known about the topic? Australian medical specialists can split their clinical practice time between the public (e.g. public hospitals, public clinics) and private (e.g. private hospitals, private consulting rooms) sectors. For all medical specialists combined, working hours have been reported to be similar in the public and private sectors. In aggregate, 48% of specialists work across both sectors, 33% work only in public practice and 19% work only in private practice. What does this paper add? Because of the potential for significant variability across specialties, these consolidated figures may be problematic in assessing the public and private allocation of the physician workforce. Herein we provide the first speciality-specific data on the public–private mix of practice in Australia. Among the most important findings from the present study is that, for many specialists in Australia, a large majority of time is spent providing care to patients in the private sector. For the surgical specialties studied, on average less than 30% of clinical time is spent in the public sector. What are the implications for practitioners? Public policies that are designed to ensure an adequate medical workforce will need to take into account the division of time providing care in the public vs. the private sector. Public perceptions of shortages in the public sector may increase the availability of public sector positions.

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Sebastian, Andi, Liz Fulop, Ann Dadich, Anneke Fitzgerald, Louise Kippist, and Anne Smyth. "Health LEADS Australia and implications for medical leadership." Leadership in Health Services 27, no. 4 (October 6, 2014): 355–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/lhs-03-2014-0028.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to call for strong medical co-leadership in transforming the Australian health system. The paper discusses how Health LEADS Australia, the Australian health leadership framework, offers an opportunity to engage medical clinicians and doctors in the leadership of health services. Design/methodology/approach – The paper first discusses the nature of medical leadership and its associated challenges. The paper argues that medical leaders have a key role in the design, implementation and evaluation of healthcare reforms, and in translating these reforms for their colleagues. Second, this paper describes the origins and nature of Health LEADS Australia. Third, this paper discusses the importance of the goal of Health LEADS Australia and suggests the evidence-base underpinning the five foci in shaping medical leadership education and professional development. This paper concludes with suggestions on how Health LEADS Australia might be evaluated. Findings – For the well-being of the Australian health system, doctors need to play an important role in the kind of leadership that makes measurable differences in the retention of clinical professions; improves organisational cultures; enhances the engagement of consumers and their careers; is associated with better patient and public health outcomes; effectively addresses health inequalities; balances cost effectiveness with improved quality and safety; and is sustainable. Originality/value – This is the first article addressing Health LEADS Australia and medical leadership. Australia is actively engaging in a national approach to health leadership. Discussions about the mechanisms and intentions of this are valuable in both national and global health leadership discourses.

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Ezzy, Douglas, Gary Bouma, Greg Barton, Anna Halafoff, Rebecca Banham, Robert Jackson, and Lori Beaman. "Religious Diversity in Australia: Rethinking Social Cohesion." Religions 11, no. 2 (February 18, 2020): 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel11020092.

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This paper argues for a reconsideration of social cohesion as an analytical concept and a policy goal in response to increasing levels of religious diversity in contemporary Australia. In recent decades, Australian has seen a revitalization of religion, increasing numbers of those who do not identify with a religion (the “nones”), and the growth of religious minorities, including Islam, Buddhism, Hinduism, and Sikhism. These changes are often understood as problematic for social cohesion. In this paper, we review some conceptualizations of social cohesion and religious diversity in Australia, arguing that the concept of social cohesion, despite its initial promise, is ultimately problematic, particularly when it is used to defend privilege. We survey Australian policy responses to religious diversity, noting that these are varied, often piecemeal, and that the hyperdiverse state of Victoria generally has the most sophisticated set of public policies. We conclude with a call for more nuanced and contextualized analyses of religious diversity and social cohesion in Australia. Religious diversity presents both opportunities as well as challenges to social cohesion. Both these aspects need to be considered in the formation of policy responses.

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Dietrich, Heather, and Renato Schibeci. "Beyond Public Perceptions of Gene Technology: Community Participation in Public Policy in Australia." Public Understanding of Science 12, no. 4 (October 2003): 381–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0963662503124004.

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Warnes, Tony. "Policy Responses in Australia." Ageing and Society 7, no. 1 (March 1987): 93–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0144686x00012332.

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McIlveen, Peter, Carolyn Alchin, P. Nancey Hoare, Sarah Bowman, Rebecca Harris, Geraldine Gotting, John Gilmour, et al. "Place identity and careers in regional Australia." Australian Journal of Career Development 31, no. 1 (April 2022): 57–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/10384162221085807.

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Emerging public discourse about making a “tree change”, “green change”, or “sea change” emphasizes the putative benefits of working and residing in regional Australia. Yet, attracting and retaining workers in the regions is a challenge for policymakers, governments, and industries. The present research involved two separate surveys of people residing in regional Australian communities to discern demographic and psychological predictors of their intent to stay in their region: income, years in the region, family, life satisfaction, job satisfaction, and place identity. Multiple regression analyses found incremental evidence of place identity as a predictor of intent to stay. The findings regarding place identity have implications for career development practice, human resources recruitment strategies, and public policy focused on regional Australia.

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Doran, Evan, and David Alexander Henry. "Australian Pharmaceutical Policy: Price Control, Equity, and Drug Innovation in Australia." Journal of Public Health Policy 29, no. 1 (March 28, 2008): 106–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.jphp.3200170.

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Skov, Steven J. "Alcohol taxation policy in Australia: public health imperatives for action." Medical Journal of Australia 190, no. 8 (April 2009): 437–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.2009.tb02494.x.

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Mooney, Gavin H. "Alcohol taxation policy in Australia: public health imperatives for action." Medical Journal of Australia 190, no. 12 (June 2009): 714–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.2009.tb02649.x.

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Teede, Helena J. "Alcohol taxation policy in Australia: public health imperatives for action." Medical Journal of Australia 190, no. 12 (June 2009): 714–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.2009.tb02650.x.

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Awofeso, Niyi. "Alcohol taxation policy in Australia: public health imperatives for action." Medical Journal of Australia 190, no. 12 (June 2009): 714–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.2009.tb02651.x.

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