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Rutland, Suzanne D. "The Jewish Community In New South Wales 1914-1939." University of Sydney, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/6536.
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Kariminia, Azar Public Health & Community Medicine Faculty of Medicine UNSW. "Death among a cohort of prisoners in New South Wales Australia ??? a data linkage study." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Public Health and Community Medicine, 2007. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/32476.
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This thesis examines mortality rates among adults who experienced full-time imprisonment in New South Wales between January 1988 and December 2002, by record linkage to the Australian National Death Index. The cohort included 76383 men and 8820 women. Over a mean follow-up of 7.7 years, 5137 deaths (4724 men, 423 women) were identified. Three hundred and three deaths (295 men, eight women) occurred in custody. The median age at death was 36.6 years for men and 32.7 years for women. The prominent causes of death were drug overdose, suicide, accidental and cardiovascular disease. The crude mortality rate was 797 per 100000 person-years for men and 685 per 100000 person-years for women. Risk of mortality was 3.7 times greater in male and 7.8 times greater in female prisoners than the standard population. The excess mortality was substantially raised following release from prison in both men (standardised mortality ratio 4.0 vs 1.7) and women (standardised mortality ratio 8.2 vs 2.1). The period of highest risk of death was the first two weeks after release. Drug overdose was the main cause of death, responsible for 68% of the deaths in the first two weeks for men and for 90% of the deaths in this period for women. In men, there was also a clustering of suicide directly after release. Prisoners admitted to prison psychiatric hospital, repeat offenders and those in the early stage of followup were at increased risk of mortality. Violent offenders were overrepresented in suicide figures and property offenders in death from overdose. Minority groups, in particular men, had a lower risk of death than white people. The above findings reinforce how disadvantaged prisoners are, measured by mortality as the most fundamental scale of human wellbeing. Prison represents a potential opportunity for treatment and public health intervention to address some of the health problems underlying the high mortality found in this study. The key challenge is, however, to provide a continuum of care between the prison and community.
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Fanning, Patricia C. "Beyond the divide: a new geoarchaeology of Aboriginal stone artefact scatters in Western NSW, Australia." Australia : Macquarie University, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.14/45010.
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Thesis (PhD)--Macquarie University, Division of Environmental & Life Sciences, Graduate School of the Environment, 2002.Includes bibliographical references: p. 228-232.
Geomorphology, archaeology and geoarchaeology: introduction and background -- Surface stone artefact scatters: why can we see them? -- Geomorphic controls on spatial patterning of the surface stone artefact record -- A temporal framework for interpreting surface artefact scatters in Western NSW -- Synthesis: stone artefact scatters in a dynamic landscape.
Surface scatters of stone artefacts are the most ubiquitous feature of the Australian Aboriginal archaeological record, yet the most underutilized by archaeologists in developing models of Aboriginal prehistory. Among the many reasons for this are the lack of understanding of geomorphic processes that have exposed them, and the lack of a suitable chronological framework for investigating Aboriginal 'use of place'. This thesis addresses both of these issues. -- In arid western NSW, erosion and deposition accelerated as a result of the introduction of sheep grazing in the mid 1800s has resulted in exposure of artefact scatters in some areas, burial in others, and complete removal in those parts of the landscape subject to concentrated flood flows. The result is a patchwork of artefact scatters exhibiting various degrees of preservation, exposure and visibility. My research at Stud Creek, in Sturt National Park in far western NSW, develops artefact and landscape survey protocols to accommodate this dynamic geomorphic setting. A sampling strategy stratified on the basis of landscape morphodynamics is presented that allows archaeologists to target areas of maximum artefact exposure and minimum post-discard disturbance. Differential artefact visibility at the time of the survey is accommodated by incorporating measures of surface cover which quantify the effects of various ephemeral environmental processes, such as deposition of sediments, vegetation growth, and bioturbation, on artefact count. -- While surface stone artefact scatters lack the stratigraphy usually considered necessary for establishing the timing of Aboriginal occupation, a combination of radiocarbon determinations on associated heat-retainer ovens, and stratigraphic analysis and dating of the valley fills which underlie the scatters, allows a two-stage chronology for huntergatherer activity to be developed. In the Stud Creek study area, dating of the valley fill by OSL established a maximum age of 2,040±100 y for surface artefact scatters. The heatretainer ovens ranged in age from 1630±30 y BP to 220±55 y BP. Bayesian statistical analysis of the sample of 28 radiocarbon determinations supported the notion, already established from analysis of the artefacts, that the Stud Creek valley was occupied intermittently for short durations over a relatively long period of time, rather than intensively occupied at any one time. Furthermore, a gap in oven building between about 800 and 1100 years ago was evident. Environmental explanations for this gap are explored, but the paiaeoenvironmental record for this part of the Australian arid zone is too sparse and too coarse to provide explanations of human behaviour on time scales of just a few hundred years. -- Having established a model for Stud Creek of episodic landscape change throughout the late Pleistocene and Holocene, right up to European contact, its veracity was evaluated in a pilot study at another location within the region. The length of the archaeological record preserved in three geomorphically distinct locations at Fowlers Gap, 250 km south of Stud Creek, is a function of geomorphic dynamics, with a record of a few hundred years from sites located on channel margins and low terraces, and the longest record thus far of around 5,000 years from high terrace surfaces more remote from active channel incision. But even here, the record is not continuous, and like Stud Creek, the gaps are interpreted to indicate that Aboriginal people moved into and out of these places intermittently throughout the mid to late Holocene. -- I conclude that episodic nonequilibrium characterizes the geomorphic history of these arid landscapes, with impacts on the preservation of the archaeological record. Dating of both archaeological and landform features shows that the landscape, and the archaeological record it preserves, are both spatially and temporally disjointed. Models of Aboriginal hunter-gatherer behaviour and settlement patterns must take account of these discontinuities in an archaeological record that is controlled by geomorphic activity. -- I propose a new geoarchaeological framework for landscape-based studies of surface artefact scatters that incorporates geomorphic analysis and dating of landscapes, as well as tool typology, into the interpretation of spatial and temporal patterns of Aboriginal huntergatherer 'use of place'.
Mode of access: World Wide Web.
vii, 232 p. ill., maps
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Webb, Garry Anthony. "The effects of logging on populations of small ground-dwelling vertebrates in montane eucalypt forest in South-Eastern New South Wales." Thesis, Canberra, ACT : The Australian National University, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/140692.
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Elliott, Malcolm Gordon, of Western Sydney Hawkesbury University, and Faculty of Environmental Management and Agriculture. "Grass tetany of cattle in New South Wales." THESIS_FEMA_xxx_Elliott_M.xml, 2000. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/7.
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Over the last 60 years, grass tetany has been recognised as a significant lethal condition in sheep and cattle.Outcomes from this study include documentation of the likely precursors to grass tetany, ways to recognise these precursors, and long term practices that will enable producers to minimise livestock deaths. The benefit of this research to beef producers is that the environmental circumstances thought to be associated with outbreaks of grass tetany have been identified, along with remedial action that can be taken to prevent deaths occurring.Recommendations to industry on best practice to be adopted by leading producers to minimise outbreaks of grass tetany are made.This study provides an alternate strategy for the management of grass tetany in beef cattle, to the more clinical approaches previously recommended. It is suggested that losses from this economically important metabolic disease can be minimised if management practices of beef cattle producers in eastern Australia can incorporate a more holistic approach to farm management, which takes account of the soil/plant/animal/climate inter-relationships.Master of Science (Hons)
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Burston, Joanna. "Stochastic model of extreme coastal water levels, New South Wales, Australia." Connect to full text, 2008. http://ses.library.usyd.edu.au/handle/2123/4033.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Sydney, 2008.Title from title screen (viewed February 12, 2009). Includes graphs and tables. Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy to the School of Geosciences, Faculty of Science. Includes bibliographical references. Also available in print form.
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Hunter, David, and n/a. "Conservation Management of Two Threatened Frog Species in South-Eastern New South Wales, Australia." University of Canberra. Applied Science, 2007. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20081020.142239.
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The decline and extinction of amphibian species over the past three decades is widely acknowledged as one of the greatest biodiversity crises of modem time. Providing convincing data to support hypotheses about these declines has proved difficult, which has greatly restricted the development and implementation of management actions that may prevent further amphibian declines and extinctions from occurring. In this thesis, I present research that was undertaken as part of the recovery programs for the southern corroboree frog (Pseudophryne corroboree), and the Booroolong frog (Litoria booroolongensis); two species that underwent very rapid declines in distribution and abundance during the 1980's. More specifically, I investigated potential causal factors in the declines of both species using experimental and correlative studies, and examined the mechanisms by which one threatening process (chytridiomycosis) may be causing continued decline and extinction in P. corroboree. I also examined the implications of population dynamics for monitoring L. booroolongensis, and suggest a possible monitoring strategy that may reliably facilitate the implementation of recovery objectives for this species. I also tested one possible reintroduction technique aimed at preventing the continued decline and extinction of P. corroboree populations.
In Chapters 2 and 3, I present the results from a series of experiments in artificial enclosures designed to examine whether the tadpoles of L. booroolongensis are susceptible to predation by co-occurring introduced predatory fish species; brown trout (Salmo trutta), rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), European carp (Cyprinus carpio), redfin perch (Percafluviatilis), and mosquito fish (Gambusia holbrooki). I demonstrated that the tadpoles of L. booroolongensis, and a closely related species Litoria lesueuri, were palatable to non-native trout species, but not to two native predatory fish species, Gadopsis bispinosus and Galaxias olidus. A pond breeding frog species included in this experiment, Limnodynastes tasmaniensis, was palatable to both the native and non-native fish species. In a separate experiment I also demonstrated that the tadpole of L. booroolongensis is palatable to the three other introduced fish species examined in this study; C. carpio, P. fluviatilis, and G. holbrooki. In three of the experiments, the provision of rock within enclosures as a potential refuge habitat did not afford protection to L. booroolongensis tadpoles from
predation by any of the five introduced fish species examined. While all the introduced fish species tested here did consume L. booroolongensis tadpoles, the results also suggested that chemical unpalatability might afford some level of protection against some of these fish species. Firstly, the addition of alternative prey items in one of the experiments reduced the proportion of tadpoles consumed, suggesting that L. booroolongensis may not be a preferred prey item. Secondly, the proportion of tadpoles consumed varied greatly among the different fish species examined, suggesting differing levels of palatability. Overall, this study supports previous research in suggesting that chemical unpalatability may be an important strategy for the tadpoles of riverine frog species in south-eastern Australia to avoid predation by native fish species, and that this strategy is less effective against introduced fish species. While L. booroolongensis currently persists in streams inhabited by a number of introduced fish species, this study supports the likelihood that these species are having a negative impact on populations of L. booroolongensis in the wild.
In Chapter 4, I present the results of a study aimed at examining potential monitoring techniques for L. booroolongensis. The results of a mark-recapture exercise demonstrated that L. booroolongensis may exhibit large fluctuations in abundance from one year to the next, and through a prospective power analysis approach, I demonstrated that it would be difficult to confidently identify population trends of interest using either indices or estimates of abundance for this species. An assessment of the capacity to identify the presence or absence of L. booroolongensis using nighttime
spotlight surveys demonstrated the high detectability of this species using this technique, at both the scale of 300-meter sections of stream and individual breeding areas (typically less than 10-meters of stream). This study suggests that the monitoring objectives of the L. booroolongensis recovery program would be most effectively achieved using presence/absence surveys at different scales.
In Chapter 5, I present the results of a field survey aimed at determining the current distribution and habitat requirements of L. booroolongensis in the South West Slopes region of New South Wales. Of the 163 sites I surveyed across 49 streams,I located
L. booroolongensis along 77 of these sites from 27 streams. Based on population and habitat connectivity, this study identified 18 populations of L. booroolongensis that
are likely to be operating as independent populations. Twelve of these populations are not represented in conservation reserves, but rather occur along streams that flow through the agricultural landscape. A broad scale habitat analysis identified a positive relationship between extent of rock structures along the stream and the occurrence of
L. booroolongensis, and a negative relationship between the proportion of canopy cover and this species' occurrence. At the breeding habitat scale, this study identified a positive relationship between the presence of breeding males and; number of rock crevices in the aquatic environment, extent of emergent rocks, and proportion pool. This analysis also detected a negative relationship between occupancy and water depth. These results confirm previous work suggesting the importance of rocky stream habitats to the persistence of L. booroolongensis, but also suggest how disturbance processes, such as increasing sedimentation and weed invasion, may reduce the suitability of rocky structures as breeding sites.
In Chapter 6, I investigated current levels of amphibian chytrid fungus (Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis) infection in corroboree frog populations, and used retrospective screening of museum specimens to assess the possibility that this pathogen was implicated in the initial decline of the corroboree frogs. Using histology, I did not detect any B. dendrobatidis infections in corroboree frog populations prior to their decline, however using the same technique, moderate levels of infection were detected in post-decline populations of both species. Real-time PCR screening of skin swabs identified much higher overall infection rates in post-decline populations of P. corroboree (between 44% and 59%), while significantly lower rates of infection were observed in P. pengilleyi populations (14%). These results suggest that the initial and continued decline of the corroboree frogs may well be attributed to the emergence of B. dendrobatidis in populations of these species.
In Chapter 7, I investigated how B. dendrobatidis may be causing the continued decline of P. corroboree through the presence of an abundant reservoir host for this pathogen. I found that populations of adult C. signifera in sub-alpine bogs carry high
B. dendrobatidis infection rates (86%), but appear unaffected by this infection. An experiment involving the release of P. corroboree tadpoles into 15 natural pools resulted in metamorphs from seven of these pools testing positive for B. dendrobatidis, with all these individuals dying soon after metamorphosis. These
results support the possibility that B. dendrobatidis infection in P. corroboree populations is being facilitated by the presence of large numbers of infected C. signifera in the shared environment.
Chapter 8 presents the results of a population augmentation study for P. corroboree. I investigated the extent to which increasing recruitment to metamorphosis may result in population recovery in this species. This was undertaken by harvesting eggs from the field and rearing them through to mid stage tadpoles over the winter period prior to being released back to their natal ponds in spring. While I was able to increase recruitment to metamorphosis by an average of 20 percent, this did not result in a noticeable influence on the subsequent adult population size, as both manipulated and non-manipulated sites declined over the course of this study by an average of 80 percent. I observed a positive relationship between natural recruitment to a late tadpole stage and subsequent adult male population size, however there was considerable variation associated with this relationship. The relationship between recruitment and subsequent population size at the augmentation sites was consistent with the relationship observed at the non-manipulated sites. These results suggest that recruitment to metamorphosis may not be the most important life stage restricting the population recovery of P. corroboree, but that mortality during post-metamorphic stages may be more important in regulating current population size. Hence, further attempts to use captive rearing to increase P. corroboree populations in the wild should focus on the release of post-metamorphic frogs.
Overall, this thesis demonstrates the value of quantitative research to the implementation and progress of threatened species recovery programs. While this research will specifically contribute to the recovery programs for L. booroolongensis
and P. corroboree, it more broadly contributes to the understanding and capacity to respond to the concerning levels of amphibian extinctions currently occurring throughout the world.
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Hunter, David. "Conservation management of two threatened frog species in South-Eastern New South Wales, Australia /." full text via ADT, 2007. http://erl.canberra.edu.au/public/adt-AUC20081020.142239/index.html.
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Mitakakis, Teresa Zinovia. "Prevalence and distribution of Alternaria allergens in rural New South Wales, Australia." University of Sydney. Science, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/370.
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In rural inland, south-eastern Australia, allergy to the fungus Alternaria is prevalent and an important risk factor for asthma. The aim of the thesis was to investigate the distribution and factors influencing allergens of Alternaria in the air. As airborne allergenic spores were thought to arise from harvesting of nearby crops, two towns with different agricultural practices were studied. Moree has two crop harvesting periods in summer and autumn whilst Wagga Wagga has one harvesting period in summer. Over two years, air was sampled daily in Wagga Wagga and Moree using Burkard traps. The reliability of measurements from a single site to represent the distribution of airborne concentrations of spores across each town was examined using data from three traps simultaneously, sited 2.0 to 4.9 km apart, over four weeks. Substantial intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC) were observed between the three sampling sites across both towns (ICC=0.52, 95% CI 0.30-0.71 to 0.76, 95% CI 0.61-0.87) when counts of Alternaria spores were relatively high. The correlation was poor when counts were low. Of more than 365 trap tapes examined, the two microscopic traverses strongly correlated for counts of Alternaria spores (ICC=0.95, 95% CI 0.94-0.96). Alternaria was detected in both towns throughout the two year period with peaks in spore concentrations reflecting the season of crop harvesting in each region. Individual exposure to spores was examined. Thirty three subjects (adults and children from nine families) wore nasal air samplers and personal air samplers both inside and outside their homes. The effects of activity, location, age on the inhalation of Alternaria spores and variation between individuals in the same environment were determined. Every subject inhaled Alternaria spores. Personal exposure to Alternaria in the home environment varied substantially between subjects. Levels of fungal spores inhaled were higher during periods of activity than during rest, and higher while subjects were outdoors than indoors. During outdoor activity, the number of Alternaria spores inhaled ranged from 4 to 794 (median 11) spores/hr. Sources of airborne spores was investigated by sampling air above wheat and cotton crops near the towns during harvesting and non-harvesting periods, in a grain and cotton seed storage shed, and a cotton gin. Substantially higher concentrations were detected above crops during harvesting periods compared to non-harvesting periods. Peaks were associated with harvesting and other activities where plants were manipulated. By regression analysis spore concentrations in both towns were modelled against those detected above crops and with weather variables. Only one crop sampling period (cotton harvest) independently correlated with concentrations in town. Analysis combining all data showed concentrations of spores above crops correlated with spore concentrations in the town when lagged by one day. Variables of rainfall and maximum temperature influenced concentrations in both towns, and wind direction in Wagga Wagga alone. Parents of asthmatic children were asked by questionnaire in which locations symptoms were provoked. Asthma was reported to be exacerbated at grain farms and with disturbance of local vegetation in town and home gardens. Nasal sampling confirmed that activities that disturbed dust or vegetation increased the inhalation of spores. The factors that release allergen from spores were determined in a modified Halogen immunoassay. Approximately 60% of spores released allergen, and the proportion was influenced by isolate, nutrient availability, viability, and not influenced by sunlight or culture age up to 21 days. Germinating the spores significantly increased the proportion that released total allergen and Alt a 1 (p<0.0001). Alt a 1 appears to be a minor contributor to the total allergen released from spores except when spores have germinated. Conclusions: People living in inland rural regions of Australia are exposed to substantial quantities of allergenic spores of Alternaria. Exposure is a highly personal event and is largely determined by disturbance of local vegetation releasing spores such as from nearby crops by wind, harvesting, slashing, transport and processing of produce, and from within town and home gardens. Most spores inhaled are likely to be allergenic, with potency potentially increasing with viability.
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Qu, Wenchuan. "Studies on nitrogen cycling processes in Lake Illawarra, New South Wales, Australia." Access electronically, 2004. http://www.library.uow.edu.au/adt-NWU/public/adt-NWU20050302.161641/index.html.
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Williamson, Anna Public Health & Community Medicine Faculty of Medicine UNSW. "The effect of cocaine use on outcomes for the treatment of heroin dependence in Sydney, Australia." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Public Health and Community Medicine, 2005. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/24973.
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This thesis explored the effect of cocaine use on treatment outcomes for heroin dependent individuals in Sydney, Australia. A naturalistic, longitudinal design was employed in order to examine the effects of cocaine on outcomes over a two year period. Study 1 assessed the prevalence and correlates of cocaine use among heroin dependent individuals. Cocaine use was found to be common among entrants to all three of the major treatment modalities in NSW. Heroin users who also used cocaine (CU) displayed a poorer clinical profile at baseline than non-cocaine users (NCU), reporting higher levels of drug use and dependence, and a greater prevalence of needle risk-taking and criminal behaviour. Study 2 examined outcomes three months post-study entry. CU and NCU were found to have been equally well retained in treatment. Despite significantly reduced levels of cocaine use amongst the cohort, however, CU continued to display the higher levels of drug-related harm that characterized them at baseline. In order to determine whether cocaine use itself was responsible for the greater levels of harm observed amongst CU, or whether instead CU were an inherently more dysfunctional group for whom cocaine use merely served as a marker, comparisons were made within groups on the basis of cocaine use patterns over the study period. The results of these analyses demonstrated that commencing cocaine use resulted in a clear decline in functioning, whereas cessation resulted in corresponding improvements. In Study 3 outcomes were examined twelve months post-study. Baseline cocaine use was again found to predict poorer outcome, despite a large scale reduction in cocaine use amongst the cohort. Importantly, CU were significantly less likely than NCU to be abstinent from heroin at twelve months and more likely to have been incarcerated since study entry. In addition, the effect of persistence of cocaine use was examined. Results indicated that the harms associated with cocaine use increased with increasing persistence of use. Outcomes at two years post-study entry were explored in Study 4. At this time CU and NCU recorded similar outcomes in most domains. Thus, it appeared that the harms caused by cocaine use may take a substantial period of time to diminish. Patterns of cocaine use and motivations for cessation and commencement were also examined. Responses suggested that cocaine use amongst the cohort was largely opportunistic, with participants ceasing use for a variety of reasons, including the financial and psychological problems caused by cocaine use. Past year prevalence of cocaine dependence was measured in this study, with the majority of those who had used cocaine in the past year meeting criteria for dependence. In Study 5, generalized estimating equations were used to measure the effect of baseline cocaine use on major outcome variables over the entire two year study period. Even after controlling for treatment variables, heroin use and other baseline polydrug use, the results of this study confirmed previous findings within the thesis by demonstrating the negative effect of baseline cocaine use on most outcome variables. Evidently, cocaine use among dependent heroin users has serious, long lasting, consequences. To date, however, there has been a stark lack of research examining the effect of cocaine use on treatment outcomes for heroin dependence. To that end, the results of this thesis are encouraging, suggesting that treatment for heroin dependence may also aid in reducing cocaine use among this group.
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King, Alison Jane 1974. "Recruitment ecology of fish in floodplain rivers of the southern Murray-Darling Basin, Australia." Monash University, Dept. of Biological Sciences, 2002. http://arrow.monash.edu.au/hdl/1959.1/8391.
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Dore, David William Biological Earth & Environmental Sciences (BEES) UNSW. "Application of simple physiological growth models to coastal eucalypt regrowth forests in New South Wales." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences (BEES), 2006. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/26200.
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This thesis explores issues relating to the application of physiological-process models (???process models???) of forest growth to mixed species, mixed age forests, in particular the coastal blackbutt forests of New South Wales. Using a dataset provided by State Forests of New South Wales (Carter 1994 unpubl.) a numeric description of the forest was developed and stand-level parameters of interest were derived, in particular the plot by plot stemwood volume growth from 1975 to 1999. The amounts of harvested volume, volume that died and volume that grew into the measurement population were identified separately, and several different means of accounting for volume change over time were investigated. A method for quantifying the impact of harvesting and other silvicultural practices on the growth of the forest was developed and programs were written to convert the stand-level summary of the harvest impact into a semi-random selection of trees that would be ???harvested??? from the database under the set of silvicultural assumptions (Dore et al. 1999). A number of process models were investigated and reviewed before selecting one particular model, SUSTAIN (Dewar 1997) for adaption to these forests. This model is a relatively simple process model with a small number of input parameters. The model was adapted so that it could be used to compare the SUSTAIN estimate of growth with the growth of an individual stand of trees in the Kendall Forest Management Area, between Wauchope and Taree on the mid-north coast of NSW. To improve the accuracy of the prediction of growth by SUSTAIN, a method of re-setting the state of the stand to the actual condition at the time of remeasurement was developed. In addition, the SUSTAIN model was extended to enable two separate levels of canopy to be described and grown separately. Ultimately the model was only partially successful in mirroring the growth predicted by the empirical data. Its partial success is attributed primarily to the difficulties associated with correctly determining the allocation parameters used by the model to assign net photosynthate to the roots, foliage and stemwood. The nature of the change in allocation parameters when the forest stand is disturbed by harvest or fire needs further investigation.
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Vick, Malcolm John. "Schools, school communities and the state in mid-nineteenth century New South Wales, South Australia and Victoria /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1991. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phv636.pdf.
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Secomb, Dorothy Margaret School of Social Science & Policy UNSW. "Retirement in Mobile and Manufactured Housing on the North Coast of New South Wales, Australia." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Social Science and Policy, 2000. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/17488.
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This study considers relocatable homes as an alternative housing choice for male and female retirees fifty years of age and over. Homogeneous parks and estates planned for a specific type of relocatable home are compared with those which evolved from tourist parks and retain sites for both permanent and short-term occupancy. Four relocatable home environments are considered: caravan parks, mobile homes in mixed parks, manufactured homes in mixed parks and manufactured housing estates. The differential effects of 'age', 'house type' and 'housing environment' upon 'residential satisfaction', 'sense of community within the neighbourhood', 'social integration in the community' and 'psychological adjustment' form the analytical framework of the study. Residents of 34 parks/ estates on the North Coast of New South Wales completed 778 questionnaires. Case studies, interviews, letters and written comments provided data for qualitative analysis. Approximately 94% of respondents are satisfied with their homes and housing environments. Residential satisfaction is most influenced by the interactions and perceptions of residents; psychological adjustment is influenced by a positive attitudes towards self and one's neighbours; integration in the community is affected by levels of network. Each of these relate strongly with having a sense of community in the neighbourhood. Space internal to the dwelling relates to satisfaction, adjustment and community integration. External space relates to the need for a well planned neighbourhood which affords privacy, safety and amenities. The need for meeting places for small and large groups was recurrent. The results suggest that residents of relocatable homes tend to retain affiliation with organisations joined prior to relocation. They are not reliant on their new neighbours to integrate in their community. This result is contrary to prior research which studied site built homes and traditional neighbourhoods. The present high levels of residential satisfaction would rise if it were not for the overwhelming uncertainty of tenure and unjustifiable rises in site rent. The study reviews government policy especially in relation to tenure. A relocatable home offers no more affordability than a site-built home in the same area in the long-term but it does offer a preferred retirement lifestyle.
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Jayawickrema, Jacintha, University of Western Sydney, of Science Technology and Environment College, and School of Environment and Agriculture. "A reconstruction of the ecological history of Longneck Lagoon New South Wales, Australia." THESIS_CSTE_EAG_Jayawickrema_J.xml, 2000. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/702.
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The environmental history of Longneck Lagoon was reconstructed by analysing 15 sediment cores collected between 22 April, 1992 and 29 August, 1995. Longneck Lagoon is a shallow, man-modified lake situated in the north-western part of Sydney in New South Wales, Australia, in the Hawkesbury River floodplain. It has undergone a considerable change over recent years and at the end of the study was reported to have turbid water and no floating leaved plants or submerged aquatic plants. The hypothesis of this study was that vertical patterns in sediment characteristics can be related to biological, physical or chemical changes that have taken place within Longneck Lagoon and its catchment area. Assessment of inter-core variation within one area of the lagoon and between different areas was carried out and is highly recommended to others who may wish to conduct similar studies elsewhere. Restoration/regeneration of the previous diverse aquatic plant flora, associated with variable water depth in the pre-weir condition, would require the removal/modification of the weir, possibly reduction in the nutrient income to the lake, and, potentially, addressing mobilisation and internal cycling of accumulated nutrients which have accreted within the system.Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
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Jayawickrema, Jacintha. "A reconstruction of the ecological history of Longneck Lagoon New South Wales, Australia /." View thesis, 2000. http://library.uws.edu.au/adt-NUWS/public/adt-NUWS20050720.135957/index.html.
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Spry, Melissa J., and n/a. "The Regolith and landscape evolution of a low relief landscape: Cobar, Central New South Wales, Australia." University of Canberra. Resource, Environmental & Heritage Management, 2003. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20050704.162445.
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Construction of a 1:250,000 scale regolith-landform map of the Cobar area of central New
South Wales (NSW) Australia, demonstrates the presence of a wide range of previously undescribed
regolith materials, landforms and landscape features in the region. The map covers the east-west extent
of the Cobar Basin, extends to the west onto the Darling River Floodplain, and east onto rocks of the
Girilambone Group. The mapping area is centred on the Cobar township and covers -14,730 krn2
between 303113 and 446113 E and 6483184 and 6586183 N (AGO 66, MGA Zone 55). 48 regolithlandform
units have been identified, including both transported (alluvial, colluvial, aeolian, lacustrine)
and in situ materials. A range of siliceous, ferruginous and calcareous indurated materials are also
present.
Four major drainage types have been identified based on lithological, sedimentological and
topographic differences in alluvial materials. The 4 drainage types include: 1) modern drainage; 2)
maghemite and quartzose gravels elevated 1-2 m relative to the modern drainage; 3) higher
topographically inverted, and at least partly silicified, gravels; and, 4) sediments of Cretaceous origin.
Multiple phases of drainage stability and instability from the Cretaceous to the present are indicated
within the sediments. Breaching of drainage divides and increased dissection of the modern drainage,
especially to the south of Cobar, indicate possible tectonic movement across a major regolith-landform
boundary in the southern map area. Colluvial materials are more widespread to the north of Cobar
reflecting the increased landscape dissection to the south. Colluvial fans are preserved adjacent to
major rangefronts. Aeolian and lacustrine materials include longitudinal dunefields of the Darling
River floodplain, source bordering dunes, and small lunettes associated with the Barnato Lakes system.
Regolith-landform mapping at Cobar has been used to assess the applicability of previously
developed landscape evolution models of the Cobar Block and surrounding region, and to develop a
new landscape evolution model for the region. The new landscape evolution model of Cobar indicates
minimal deposition of Cretaceous sediments, succeeded by high-energy early Tertiary fluvial regimes
across the Cobar landscape. Weathering and sediment deposition continued into the Miocene, coupled
with deep valley incision on the Cobar Block associated with early Oligocene regression. By the close
of the Miocene, the Cobar Block had eroded to predominantly bedrock terrain and widespread filling of
previously incised valleys occurred. A decrease in erosion and fluvial activity led to the formation of
the modern drainage during the Pliocene-early Quaternary, followed by the formation of alluvial,
aeolian and lacustrine deposits in the later Quaternary. Regionally, Eromanga Basin sediments were not
extensive over the Cobar Block, and low rates of erosion are recorded at Cobar from the Cretaceous to
the present. Former northerly drainage did exist in this area in the Cretaceous, but was limited in
distribution. By at least the Early Tertiary the Cobar area was a structural high and drainage systems of
the region had assumed their current configuration. These findings do not support interpretations of
AFTT data of significant cover and subsequent stripping over the Cobar Block in the Early Tertiary.
Evidence of landscape evolution from the Cretaceous to the present suggests that the Cobar
landscape has been responding to changes in the primary landscape forming factors of lithology,
climate and to a lesser degree, tectonics. Variations in the these three primary landscape forming
factors have contributed to ongoing weathering, relatively continuous deposition, and periods of
relative stability and instability, particularly in response to climatic and baselevel fluctuations, within a
dynamically evolving landscape throughout the entire Tertiary. Former landscape evolution models of
peneplanation and pediplanation, based on correlation of palaeosurfaces including duricrusts, a deep
weathering profile developed during extended planation in the Early Tertiary, and tectonism during the
late Tertiary in the Cobar area, are not supported by evidence preserved in regolith-landform features at
Cobar.
19
Wilton, Kylee Margaret, and res cand@acu edu au. "Coastal Wetland Habitat Dynamics in Selected New South Wales Estuaries." Australian Catholic University. School of Arts and Sciences, 2002. http://dlibrary.acu.edu.au/digitaltheses/public/adt-acuvp29.29082005.
Full textAbstract:
Intertidal wetland habitats in southeastern Australia have changed significantly during the past sixty years. Mangrove habitats have expanded both seawards and landwards, the latter being at the expense of saltmarsh habitats. This relatively common phenomenon is generally suggested to be an outcome of sea-level rise. Several factors potentially responsible for this change are examined, including changes in mean sealevel during the past 50 to 100 years, changes in climate, population growth, catchment landuse, and estuary type. A protocol for mapping estuarine habitats was developed and implemented, incorporating the application of geographic information systems. Spatial and temporal coastal wetland habitat changes at nine sites along the New South Wales coast are illustrated. These habitat dynamics were shown to not correlate between sites. The results demonstrate that sea-level rise in this region cannot solely account for the extent of change during the past sixty years. With the exception of one site (Careel Bay), there have been no correlations between contemporary mean sea-level rise and mangrove incursion of the saltmarsh habitats at the study sites, or with rainfall patterns, at the scale of observation in this study, which was largely decadal. The only correlations determined during this study have been between population growth and coastal wetland habitat dynamics in some sites. In spite of saltmarsh habitat loss being a regional phenomenon, local factors appear to have a profound bearing on the rates of change. Neither contemporary mean sea-level rise, rainfall patterns, estuary type, catchment landuse, catchment natural cover nor population pressure can account solely for the patterns in the spatial and temporal dynamics of the coastal wetlands of New South Wales. It seems apparent that regional factors create preconditions favourable for mangrove incursion, but that localised conditions have been responsible for the extent of these incursions from site to site. That is, despite higher sea-level and greater rainfall, the extent of change has been determined by the unique characteristics of each site. The results have important implications for current estuary management practices in the state of New South Wales. The lack of spatial and temporal trends in coastal wetland habitat dynamics point to the need for management to be conducted on a localised, rather than regional scale. Additionally, anthropogenic influences must be carefully managed, since the extent of mangrove habitat expansion into saltmarsh areas is unlikely to be a natural occurrence.
20
Lattas, Andrew. "The new panopticon : newspaper discourse and the rationalisation of society and culture in New South Wales, 1803-1830 /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1985. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phl364.pdf.
Full text
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Elliott, Jane E. "The colonies clothed : a survey of consumer interests in New South Wales and Victoria, 1787-1887 /." Title page, contents and introduction only, 1988. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phe462.pdf.
Full text
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Doelman, Trudy. "Time to quarry : the archaeology of stone procurement in Nortwestern New South Wales, Australia /." Oxford : Achaeopress, 2008. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb413101776.
Full text
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Allnutt, S. Jane. "An Exploration of Three New South Wales Nurse Practitioner Services in 2008." Thesis, Australian Catholic University, 2018. https://acuresearchbank.acu.edu.au/download/10006e59ffd517c6e3c66eabe3a26a5a441eba18650548dca86fcf9b073f1ffb/4830225/ALLNUTT_2018_THESIS.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Background
To control increasing health costs, the Australian government initiated a range of health care reforms in the late 1990s. In 2000, the development of the Nurse Practitioner (NP) Service in New South Wales (NSW) was one strategy implemented to improve health care delivery. Supported by legislation, NPs extended their role beyond other nursing roles. The number of NPs in NSW doubled between 2004 and 2007, and NP Services flourished. With little published evidence, research was vital to justify the contribution of this new and rapidly evolving service model to existing health services and the acceptability of the new service model to patients seeking health care. Through interviewing relevant stakeholders and a medical record audit, this study generated knowledge about both the integration of the NP Service with existing health services and patient perceptions of the NP Service.
Aim and Research Objectives
Aim:
Using an intrinsic case study design, the aim of this study was to gain an understanding of the early implementation of the NSW NP Service in 2008.
Specifically, this study sought to answer five research objectives:
1) To understand the physical environment and organisational characteristics of the NP Service.
2) To investigate the patient care provided by the NP Service.
3) To examine NPs’ views about their role and its integration into the existing health care team.
4) To investigate health professionals’ views about the NP Service and its integration into the existing health care team.
5) To examine the patients’ experiences of the NP Service.
Methods
Using Stake’s (1995) classification, this intrinsic case study design was conducted from November 2008 to April 2009. The case was the NP Service and three services were studied as embedded units. Three NPs from three different health services (a mental health NP working in an emergency department, an emergency NP working in the subacute area of an emergency department and a neonatal NP working in neonatal intensive care), who met the inclusion criteria of being authorised and endorsed nurse practitioners, were sampled by geographical and service diversity. Data sources included participant observation, interviews and medical record audit. Participant observation examined the physical and organisational characteristics of the NP Service. The NPs were interviewed about their role and integration with health care teams using face-to-face semi-structured interviews. Semi-structured interviews were also conducted with 5 health professionals and 5 patients per site, selected using maximum variation sampling, about their views and experiences of the NP Service. A medical record audit of 10 consecutive patients (included those interviewed plus an additional 5 patients per site) was undertaken following consultation with the NP, to identify the elements of care provided by the NP. Qualitative data (interviews and participant observation) were analysed using thematic analysis, triangulation and concept modelling. Medical record audit data were analysed descriptively. Enablers and constrainers to the implementation of the NP Service were identified. Results were compared and contrasted within and between the three sites.
Findings:
Medical record audit data showed that all three NPs engaged in therapeutic communication (96.7%), prescribed medications (80%) and referred patients for further assessment (73.3%). From thematic analysis, four themes emerged that reflected the concept of evolution: speciation, adaptation, co-operation and succession. Enabling factors that supported the implementation of the NP Service included the legislated protection of the NP title and scope of practice, and the development of standards of practice. The perceived overlapping boundaries between the NP and other colleagues on the health team were identified as constrainers during implementation. Findings were consistent across all three sites.
Conclusion:
This thesis provides new knowledge on the implementation and evolution of the NP Service in NSW. New knowledge includes support given (or withheld) to the NP Services, the physical environment and organisational characteristics of each service, the diversity of patient care provided, the perceptions of NPs and health professionals regarding integration of the NP Service with existing services, and patients’ understanding of their experience with the NP Service. NPs have worked through the stages of speciation and adaptation to define the scope and work differentiating them from their colleagues. Through co-operation with their colleagues NPs continue to define their specific contribution to the health care team, but they experience ongoing impediments to establishing succession, primarily due to organisational and fiscal constraints within the workplace. Two key recommendations from this study were the need for better communication with patients and health professionals about the role of the NP Service and the need to generate short and long-term workforce strategies to sustain NP Services. If the NP Service is to be viable in the future, health services need to develop comprehensive communication strategies to promote the role of the NP Service and establish strong and formal succession planning programs.
24
Lee, Ka-Man School of Biological Earth & Environmental Sciences UNSW. "Taxonomy and ecology of predatory marine flatworms (Platyhelminthes: Polycladida) in Botany Bay, New South Wales, Australia." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, 2006. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/24178.
Full textAbstract:
Marine flatworms are important mobile predators on hard substrate, however little is known about their life history. I recorded seven species of flatworms in Botany Bay and described a new species of flatworm Imogine lateotentare sp. nov. It is distinguished from other species in the same genus by having small, transparent and inconspicuous tentacles and continuous bands of numerous frontal and cerebral eyes. This new flatworm species was found closely associated with the barnacle Balanus variegatus (Darwin, 1854) on which it fed. Marine flatworms provide elaborate parental care to their offspring but its significance has not been experimentally confirmed. I provided quantitative measurements of the significance of parental care behaviour in Echinoplana celerrima and Stylochus pygmaeus under controlled laboratory conditions. I also examined the changes in reproductive behaviour of E. celerrima and the hatching success of their eggs when exposed to three putative flatworm egg predators. Brooding behaviour of neither species of flatworm enhanced the hatching success of their eggs and exposure of E. celerrima to the potential egg predators did not affect the timing of hatching or hatching success of its eggs. However, E. celerrima spent more time guarding their eggs when exposed to the potential egg predators. Brooding may be an innate behaviour in marine flatworms but it is not essential to their reproductive success. Marine flatworms are closely associated with sessile organisms and these assemblages are common in bays and estuaries which are subject to anthropogenic inputs from various sources. Impacts of pollutants are known for many flatworm prey species but little is known about the effects on the flatworm themselves. I examined the influence of sublethal concentrations of copper ranging from 0 to 50 ??g L-1 on the predatory and reproductive behaviour of Stylochus pygmaeus. These worms were more sensitive to low levels of copper pollution than their barnacle preys. Response of flatworms to physical stimulation, number of egg batches laid and hatching success were greatly reduced at higher copper concentrations. In areas polluted by heavy metals, flatworm populations will be affected at lower concentrations than their barnacle prey and which may alter sessile invertebrate community structure.
25
Wood, Susan, and s2000093@student rmit edu au. "Creative embroidery in New South Wales, 1960 - 1975." RMIT University. Architecture and Design, 2006. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20070206.160246.
Full textAbstract:
In the years between 1960 and 1975 in NSW there emerged a loosely connected network of women interested in modern or creative embroidery. The Embroiderers' Guild of NSW served as a focus for many of these women, providing opportunities for them to exhibit their work, and to engage in embroidery education as teachers or as learners. Others worked independently, exhibited in commercial galleries and endeavoured to establish reputations as professional artists. Some of these women were trained artists and wanted embroidery to be seen as 'art'; others were enthusiastic amateurs, engaged in embroidery as a form of 'serious leisure'. They played a significant role in the development of creative embroidery and textile art in NSW and yet, for the most part, their story is absent from the narratives of Australian art and craft history. These women were involved in a network of interactions which displayed many of the characteristics of more organised art worlds, as posite d by sociologist Howard Becker. They produced work according to shared conventions, they established co-operative links with each other and with other organisations, they organised educational opportunities to encourage others to take up creative embroidery and they mounted exhibitions to facilitate engagement with a public audience. Although their absence from the literature suggests that they operated in isolation, my research indicates that there were many points of contact between the embroidery world, the broader craft world and the fine art community in NSW. This thesis examines the context in which creative embroiderers worked, discusses the careers of key individuals working at this time, explores the interactions between them, and evaluates the influence that they had on later practice in embroidery and textiles in NSW.
26
Pettingell, Judith Ann. "Panics and Principles: A History of Drug Education Policy in New South Wales 1965-1999." University of Sydney, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/4150.
Full textAbstract:
PhDWhen the problem of young people using illegal drugs for recreation emerged in New South Wales in the 1960s drug education was promoted by governments and experts as a humane alternative to policing. It developed during the 1970s and 1980s as the main hope for preventing drug problems amongst young people in the future. By the 1990s drug policy experts, like their temperance forbears, had become disillusioned with drug education, turning to legislative action for the prevention of alcohol and other drug problems. However, politicians and the community still believed that education was the best solution. Education Departments, reluctant to expose schools to public controversy, met minimal requirements. This thesis examines the ideas about drugs, education and youth that influenced the construction and implementation of policies about drug education in New South Wales between 1965 and 1999. It also explores the processes that resulted in the defining of drug problems and beliefs about solutions, identifying their contribution to policy and the way in which this policy was implemented. The thesis argues that the development of drug education over the last fifty years has been marked by three main cycles of moral panic about youth drug use. It finds that each panic was triggered by the discovery of the use of a new illegal substance by a youth subculture. Panics continued, however, because of the tension between two competing notions of young people’s drug use. In the traditional dominant view ‘drug’ meant illegal drugs, young people’s recreational drug use was considered to be qualitatively different to that of adults, and illegal drugs were the most serious and concerning problem. In the newer alternative ‘public health’ view which began developing in the 1960s, illicit drug use was constructed as part of normal experimentation, alcohol, tobacco and prescribed medicines were all drugs, and those who developed problems with their use were sick, not bad. These public health principles were formulated in policy documents on many occasions. The cycles of drug panic were often an expression of anxiety about the new approach and they had the effect of reasserting the dominant view. The thesis also finds that the most significant difference between the two discourses lies in the way that alcohol is defined, either as a relatively harmless beverage or as a drug that is a major cause of harm. Public health experts have concluded that alcohol poses a much greater threat to the health and safety of young people than illegal drugs. However, parents, many politicians and members of the general community have believed for the last fifty years that alcohol is relatively safe. Successive governments have been influenced by the economic power of the alcohol industry to support the latter view. Thus the role of alcohol and its importance to the economy in Australian society is a significant hindrance in reconciling opposing views of the drug problem and developing effective drug education. The thesis concludes that well justified drug education programs have not been implemented fully because the rational approaches to drug education developed by experts have not been supported by the dominant discourse about the drug problem. Politicians have used drug education as a populist strategy to placate fear but the actual programs that have been developed attempt to inform young people and the community about the harms and benefits of all drugs. When young people take up the use of a new mood altering drug, the rational approach developed by public health experts provokes intense anxiety in the community and the idea that legal substances such as alcohol, tobacco and prescribed drugs can cause serious harm to young people is rejected in favour of an approach that emphasizes the danger of illegal drug use.
27
May, Sarah Anne. "Aspects of the ecology of the cat, fox and dog in the south-east forests of NSW : their potential impact on native species in forests managed for the production of timber." Phd thesis, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/110244.
Full textAbstract:
The principle objective of this study was to examine the potential impact of the Cat,
Fox and dog on native species, in particular those that are prey of these predators, in
native forests that are principally managed for the production of timber in south-east
NSW. This was examined initially by investigating the relative effectiveness of four
techniques for surveying the Cat, Fox and dog, viz:- (i) spotlighting, (ii) scat surveys,
(iii) scent-station surveys; and (iv) hair-tube surveys. The results from the surveys
provided information on: (i) the distribution of the Cat, Fox and dog in relation to
roads, forest edges and remote forest environments; and (ii) the relative abundance of
the Fox and dog in the region. The results from the surveys were also used to
investigate habitat attributes that potentially influence the abundance of the Fox and
dog in the region. The extent that the Cat, Fox and dog used habitat in the vicinity of
roads and habitat away from roads also was investigated using hair-tubes and radiotracking
techniques.
Scat surveys provided information on the diet of the Fox and dog. Results from diet
analyses and spotlight surveys were used to explore whether the Fox and dog were
opportunistic or selective in their choice of prey. The relative risk of prey species to
predation by the Fox and dog also was assessed. Finally, the data collected in this
study provided an opportunity to explore the efficacy of poison-baiting for reducing
the abundance of the Fox and dog in the region during the period of the study.
v
The study region was stratified using environmental domains (Richards et al. 1990) to
place it in a broader environmental context and to identify the environmental variation
within it. To provide a comparative basis for field research, the environmental
domains were grouped into two areas, viz:- the coastal and escarpment area. Within
each of the two areas 15 sites were identified for survey purposes.
Spotlighting, scat collection, scent-stations and hair-tubes were found not to be equally
effective for surveying the Cat, Fox and dog in the region. Spotlighting was found to be
the least effective method for detecting these species. Scat surveys provided
information on the distribution and relative abundance of the Fox and dog, but was
ineffective for detecting the Cat. Hair-tubes detected the Cat and dog, but not the Fox,
despite observations of the Fox close to hair-tubes. With the exception of data
collected from scat surveys, statistical analyses were limited due to small sample
sizes. As a consequence, some of the analyses are descriptive and should be
considered as an exploratory investigation only.
The dog was found to be equally abundant both in the coastal and the escarpment
areas, and significantly more abundant and widespread than the Fox. The Fox was significantly more abundant in the coastal area. The abundance of the Fox and dog
varied significantly between survey periods and there was significant variation in their
abundance within each area.
Following poison-baiting, the abundance of the Fox and dog decreased at sites where
poison-baiting occurred. However, this was not statistically significant.
Hair-tube surveys detected the Cat and dog on roads, in edge habitat (areas within
500 m of a road) and in areas more than 1.5 km from roads (or remote areas). The Fox
was also detected in all three habitat types from scats and by observation. In
addition, radio-tracking found that one Cat preferred habitat more than 500 m from
roads.
The remains of 29 mammal species were found in the scats of the Fox and dog during
the study. Large mammal species (i.e., those with an adult body weight greater than
10 kg), and in particular the Swamp Wallaby, were the most common prey of the dog.
Large mammals formed more than 50% of its diet. Correspondingly, these species
were also found to be most at risk from predation by the dog. Medium-sized marrunal
species (i.e., those with an adult body weight between 0.75-10 kg) formed
approximately one-third of the diet of the dog. The remainder of the diet consisted of
small mammal species (i.e., those with an adult body weight less than 0.75 kg).
Small mammals were the most common prey of the Fox. The Dusky Antechinus,
Brown Antechinus, Bush Rat and Black Rat each formed more than 5% of the diet of
the Fox. These species were also found to be more at risk from predation by the Fox
than large and medium-sized mammals. Approximately one-third of the diet of the
Fox consisted of medium-sized mammals, in particular the Rabbit, closely followed by
the Common Ringtail Possum.
The extent to which the Fox and the dog were opportunistic or selective predators was
not clear from this study. Overall, the most common large and medium-sized species
in the diet<> of the dog and Fox also were relatively more abundant (e.g., the Swamp
Wallaby, brushtail possums and Common Ringtail Possum). This suggested that the
dog and Fox hunted these species in proportion to their abundance (i.e.,
opportunistically). However, this relationship was not always consistent. The abundance of the dog, rainfall, and time since logging were found to be
significantly correlated with the abundance of the Fox in the region. A number of
factors, such as resource partitioning of prey by the dog and Fox, potentially greater
abundances of small mammals in drier forests, and relative ease of foraging by the Fox
in recently logged and perhaps unlogged forests, may have partially explained these results. No habitat attributes were found to explain significantly the abundance of the
dog in the region.
The results from this study clearly indicate that the Cat, Fox and dog are widespread
in the region and the Fox and dog are relatively abundant. The evidence from this
study and other studies suggest that in forest environments most mammal species,
with the exception of bats and some arboreal species, are potential prey for these
predators. This may have consequences for the survival of native species, particularly
Critical Weight Range (CWR) species (i.e., those with an adult body weight between
35-5500 g) and ground-dwelling mammals that are rare and/ or endangered, in these
forests. As small mammals were found to be most at risk from predation by the Fox,
it may be a greater threat to CWR species and species that are rare and/ or
endangered. It is possible that high levels of predation by feral predators can suppress
small populations to the extent that they cannot recover (i.e., predator-pit) and thus
are more prone to extinction from stochastic events. In the absence of knowledge, such
as the range of prey densities over which feral predators exert a regulatory role,
endangered and naturally rare prey species may be able to persist in the presence of
the Cat, Fox and dog provided that: (i) relatively dense understorey vegetation (i.e.,
their habitat) is maintained to provide refugia; and (ii) feral predator populations are
effectively controlled to minimise their potential impact.
28
Taylor, Louise Westall. "Recovering lives : 15 convicts in New South Wales." Phd thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/110682.
Full textAbstract:
While individual biographies of convict lives have appeared in the literature of Australian colonial history - albeit in truncated form - an aggregate study of convicts selected from a homogeneous group has appeared less often. Thus an opportunity has been missed to examine the commonalities as well as differences of such individuals over time - both before and after their punishment. My thesis examines the lives of 15 convicts who had worked during their bondage at the Australian Agricultural Company in New South Wales. Although the primary purpose is to use the method of micro-prosopography to seek the commonalities, differences and idiosyncrasies of these convicts' experiences, as well as their aggregate, the biographies are important in themselves. By compiling portraits of their lives I have sought to rescue them from what E.P. Thompson famously called 'the enormous condescension of posterity'. Although gaps in the biographies inevitably appear, and more information about some than others has been found, all biographies reveal enough information to highlight broader themes in colonial history - criminality and punishment, alcohol, and economic outcomes - which have been explored extensively. By tracing, where possible, the trajectory of the lives of their families I have also examined the legacy of convicts in the later history of Australia.
29
Hill, Leanne Jodie. "Geochemical and biogeochemical dispersion and residence in landscapes of western New South Wales." Phd thesis, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/148590.
Full text
30
Lenahan, Matthew James. "The hydrogeochemistry of a saline aquifer system : central New South Wales, Australia." Phd thesis, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/147044.
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31
Prober, Suzanne. "Causes of rarity in Eucalyptus paliformis L.Johnson et Blaxell." Phd thesis, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/142280.
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Quinn, Michael Joseph. "Possessing the West : the public management of the Western Division of New South Wales, 1880s to 1930s." Phd thesis, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/143454.
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Michael, Damian. "A forgotten habitat : ecology and conservation of reptiles in southern New South Wales and the implications for inselberg management in agricultural landscapes." Phd thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/150151.
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Posselt, Horst. "Migration of the elderly in New South Wales : patterns and implications." Master's thesis, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/117582.
Full textAbstract:
In the five year period 1981 to 1986, over 228,000 or one-fifth
of people in New South Wales, who, at 30 June 1986
were aged 55 years or older, had changed their place of
usual residence. The extent to which this level of
mobility alters the spatial distribution of the elderly, who
with increasing age have particular requirements in health
care, housing and various forms of social support, can have
important implications for the planning and delivery of such
services. Accordingly, this thesis investigates the
residential mobility and patterns of inter-regional
migration of elderly people in New South Wales (NSW). The
Australian Capital Territory (ACT), landlocked within NSW as
it is, is treated as an integral part of the study region.
The age group 55 years and over is preferred to an older one
as suitably defining the elderly. This choice is made due
to the increasing importance of early retirement and the
high propensity of early retirees to change their places of
usual residence (Chapter 3).
The study begins by examining the levels of mobility amongst
the elderly and, in recognizing that the propensity to move
is related to chronological age, investigates the factors
associated with the ageing process that might account for
these differences. Following a description of migration
patterns at various geographic levels, and identification of those local planning areas in which the impact of migration
has been greatest, the study investigates the demographic
and socio-economic characteristics of movers in the
preponderant migration streams. While a large proportion
of moves occur within the local environment, large numbers
of elderly migrants have been leaving the major cities,
particularly Sydney. These out-movements have been mainly
towards coastal localities, which have also attracted
migrants from other areas in the State. In-migrants to
these 'amenity' destinations are characteristically younger
married elderly people who tend to be a little more affluent
and better educated than non-movers in the destination
areas. By inference, most move for lifestyle reasons.
Counter-migration streams from the amenity areas are, on the
other hand, marked by a greater representation of older
people, particularly widowed women, with this type of
movement almost certainly often being associated with moves
towards kin and/or institutional settings. There are,
however, elements of both types of movers in both types of
migration stream.
35
Ticehurst, Jenifer Lyn. "Hydrological analysis for the integration of tree belt plantations into Australian's agricultural systems." Phd thesis, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/148558.
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Kavanagh, Rodney Philip. "Floristic and phenological characteristics of a eucalypt forest in relation to its use by arboreal marsupials." Master's thesis, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/143232.
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Watson, Ian. "Class analysis and environmental politics : timber workers and conservationists in Northern New South Wales 1960-1986." Phd thesis, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/131957.
Full textAbstract:
In this thesis I explore the conflicts which have arise between middle class' conservationists and working class timber communities. I examine the New South Wales rainforest controversy as a case study and seek to place the animosity and hostility which arose there within the context of class analysis. At the same time, I integrate other important dimensions of social life, particularly rural ideologies and ideologies of masculinity, into an overall analysis of class power. I show that important cultural divisions underlaid the political conflict, particularly differing conceptions of nature and history, and that these had their roots in different labour processes.
After introducing my theoretical framework, I provide an economic context for my cultural analysis by examining the restructuring of the north coast hardwood timber industry during the 1960s and 1970s. This is followed by two chapters which analyse the labour process in the timber industry. Here I explore both class struggles on the shop-floor and cultural productions which arise within the workplace and in rural communities. The subsequent chapters focus more closely on environmental politics. I analyse the New South Wales rainforest campaign by offering a critique of 'pluralist' political strategies and I then locate this campaign within a wider context by briefly overviewing the anti -uranium and green bans campaigns of the 1970s. One of my major conclusions is that environmental politics is flawed by the neglect by activists of the class effects of their political activities. Assessments of political campaigns solely in terms of ecological goals are seriously deficient because they fail to register how conservationists' actions facilitate capitalist strategies of industry restructuring and thereby further entrench capitalist class power.
Theoretically, my thesis is based on principles of 'realist' methodology and I use concepts drawn from labour process theory, class analysis, and the theory of ideology. The thesis is heavily weighted toward oral history material, gathered during field work interviews on the north coast of New South Wales. I analyse this material using 'popular memory' theory and other studies of working class culture. In so doing, the thesis provides timber workers with a voice in a debate which has largely been dominated by 'middle class' conservationists.
Politically, the thesis is an intervention into current debates about new social movements and their relationship to the left. I argue that an effective alliance between socialists and environmentalists entails a rejection of wilderness politics in favour of urban environmental issues.
I conclude that 'pluralist' political strategies of lobbying for state- conferred concessions should be rejected in favour of strategies which develop alternative economic programmes at local and regional levels.
38
Mumford, Karen. "Wage determination and strike activity in the New South Wales coal industry : trade union and employer bargaining." Phd thesis, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/131457.
Full textAbstract:
The New South Wales (NSW) coal industry has been one of the most strike torn industries in the world, with violent and bitter battles between trade union and employer. This thesis seeks a greater understanding of the determination of wages and strike activity in this industry.
The thesis is presented in two parts. Part one considers difficulties encountered when modelling the objectives of a trade union, and the outcome of bargaining between a trade union and firm. Part two applies models of the objectives of trade unions, and bargaining, to issues of wage determination, and strike activity in the NSW coal industry.
The process of wage determination in the NSW coal industry is investigated using the reduced form of Svejnar's (1986) model. The major prediction of Svejnar's model, that there is a positive relationship between the industry surplus and the industry wage, is strongly supported. The results are improved upon by adapting Svejnar's model. A first-order dynamic adjustment model is used to allow for a more complicated dynamic structure than that assumed in the theoretical model. Furthermore, by taking into account some of the aspects of the bi-sectoral (open cut and underground) structure of the coal industry and the heterogeneity of its labour force, Svejnar's model is generalised from its specific reduced form.
The thesis also provides a survey of the major, and more influential, models of strike activity. Some of these models are then applied to data from the NSW coal industry, resulting in three major conclusions: (i) with the exception of the Hayes' (1984) model, the theories considered do not provide acceptable explanations of strike activity in the NSW coal industry; (ii) there are common empirical relationships that are predicted by authors of very different theories; and (iii) there is a need to treat measures of strike activity as potentially different, rather than alternative, indicators of strike. An eclectic model of strikes is then developed. This eclectic model is based on Tracy's (1986) world-wise approach and was greatly influenced by: the theoretical survey of strike models; the empirical application of these models to the NSW coal industry; and familiarity with the NSW coal industry. Each of the different measures of strike activity is modelled using a common set of explanatory variables in an attempt to ascertain the commonality, or uniqueness, of the relationships determining strike activity.
The results suggested that the explanations for strike frequency, the size of strike, strike intensity, and the average duration of strikes are not the same. Indeed, the only variable which was found to have a significant effect on all four of these measures of strike activity is the level of market concentration in the NSW coal industry. (This variable also had the highest elasticity, at the sample mean, of all the significant variables in the regressions for strike frequency, average duration, or strike incidence in the NSW coal industry.) The explanation for this dominance of market concentration on the results is unclear. From both empirical and theoretical perspectives, there appears to be a need to consider the role of industrial relations more fully. Despite this common theme that runs through the regressions for strike frequency, average duration, and strike intensity, it should be stressed that each of these regressions also exhibits combinations of significant empirical relationships which are unique to itself. This result rejects the use of these measures of strike activity as simple alternatives for each other.
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Duncan, David Hugh. "Spatial patterns of pollination success in fragmented mallee woodland." Phd thesis, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/148584.
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Martin, Carol Linda. "Cultural ecosystem services derived from estuaries in New South Wales, Australia." Thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/1407925.
Full textAbstract:
Research Doctorate - Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)Cultural ecosystem services (CES) are the non-material benefits obtained from natural ecosystems that contribute to human wellbeing through aesthetic and recreational experiences, and spiritual enrichment. Research on CES is rapidly increasing with growing recognition of their important contributions to human wellbeing, however, little is known about CES derived from estuaries, some of the most highly impacted and modified ecosystems in the world. Difficulties valuing intangible and subjective attributes of CES, means these ecosystem services cannot be compared with economic-dominated values primarily used in decision-making. This risks a lack of recognition and consideration of CES by decision-makers that compromises the provision of CES and important non-material benefits to human wellbeing. The overall aim of this thesis is to address the knowledge gap on CES derived from estuaries, and explore social-ecological relationships in these areas. Data were collected from people residing near estuaries in New South Wales, Australia, using mixed methods including participatory mapping, personal interviews, focus groups, and an online survey questionnaire. Both quantitative and qualitative data analyses were performed. Key findings revealed estuaries are greatly valued for a range of CES, especially for aesthetic, recreational, nature/biodiversity, and intrinsic/existence/future CES-related values. Certain land use zones and land cover are major providers of specific CES, as well as bundles of CES. Both natural and manmade attributes were considered important for the continued enjoyment and recreational use of estuaries. However, natural attributes were found to be a significant predictor of CES, which in turn was a significant predictor of perceived wellbeing; emphasising the importance of the natural environment in the provision of CES. This is further supported by participants’ concerns about development, pollution and poor water quality having the greatest potential to adversely affect the provision of CES. Additionally, findings provided insights into the nature of non-material benefits supplied by CES in estuarine areas. It was evident participants’ individual and collective experiences provided important restorative, spiritual and relational benefits, but perceptions of development and over-crowding created a sense of solastalgia that impinged on wellbeing. Based on the research findings, a conceptual diagram was developed that can act as a framework to assist in understanding the flow of CES-related benefits obtained from estuarine areas and their influence on wellbeing. It is vital CES are recognised and integrated into governance, and a social-ecological approach to policy development, spatial planning and estuary management is required to promote community wellbeing. Failure to do so will result in the loss and degradation of CES, impacting overall wellbeing, resulting in increased prevalence and associated costs physical and mental health disorders. While spatial mapping of CES offers a viable alternative to economic assessments of CES, it may be useful to explore how contingent valuation methods could help facilitate the inclusion of CES into governance. This would ensure proper recognition of these valuable ecosystem services. Thus, it is necessary to investigate ways of valuing CES in monetary terms through interdisciplinary and participatory research, as well as collaboration with policy makers, spatial planners and resource managers.
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Troy, Jakelin Fleur. "Melaleuka : a history and description of New South Wales pidgin." Phd thesis, Australian National University, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/112648.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis is about the genesis and development of the first pidgin English in
Australia, called here New South Wales Pidgin. It presents a detailed analysis of the
history of the language and a diachronic analysis of developments in the grammar
and lexicon of the language. 'Melaleuka' refers to the model devised for the purposes
of this thesis to explain the hypothesis on which the work is premised—that NSW
Pidgin existed in two dialect forms.
The time frame addressed is from the late eighteenth century when the language had
its inception to the middle of the nineteenth century when it was consolidated. The
geographical area of study encompasses the states of New South Wales and Victoria.
The area was known as the colony of New South Wales until the middle of the
nineteenth century.
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Broadbent, James. "Aspects of domestic architecture in New South Wales 1788-1843." Phd thesis, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/138535.
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Williams, Jann Elizabeth. "Ecology of sub-alpine eucalypt forests in relation to environmental gradients." Phd thesis, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/140299.
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Main, George Vindin. "Industrial earth : an ecology of rural place." Phd thesis, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/148564.
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Buetow, Stephen A. "Risk factors for perinatal death in New South Wales." Phd thesis, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/142489.
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Barreira, C. Paul. "Methodists and the social conscience in South Australia and New South Wales, 1949-1972." Master's thesis, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/10389.
Full textAbstract:
Along with Protestant Churchmen of other denominations throughout the Western world in the 1960s, many Australian Methodists felt obliged to re-assess the nature and place of the Christian Church in an
increasingly affluent, liberal and secular society. From the mid-1940s
to the 1960s consistently fewer Methodists could respond affirmatively to the question put shortly after World War Two by the Director of the South Australian Methodist Church's Department of Social Service, the Reverend E.H. Woollacott: 'Are we dedicated to the task of making society conform
2 to the will of God'? Woollacott perceived the 'will of God' in terms of the Nonconformist conscience which in Woollacott's day was the cornerstone of the Methodists' thinking and activity on social questions. From at least the 1880s the political and social questions which
interested Australian Nonconformity 'were generally those which had plain moral implications'. After 1945 restrictive social legislation such as six o'clock closing was under threat as many more prosperous Australians rejected the ascetic legacy of late nineteenth century Protestantism. Numerous Methodists, too, rejected the Nonconformist conscience and eventually
even the institutional Methodist Church rejected Woollacott's call. In
1966, when the Church had lost sight of Woollacott's question and the terms in which it was framed, the Reverend John Barrett confessed on behalf of the Annual Conference of the South Australian Church that 'we
are often the Church that does not know what to say'…
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Nash, Daphne. "Transforming knowledge : Indigenous knowledge and culture workers on the south coast of New South Wales." Phd thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/150645.
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Hogbin, Patricia May. "Conservation outcomes arising from research into the population genetics, taxonomy and reproductive ecology of the endangered plant Zieria prostrata." Phd thesis, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/146021.
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Nielsen, Robin Christian. "A sustainability review of the NSW Native Vegetation Conservation Act 1997 and its implementation." Thesis, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/148135.
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Breen, Daniel Andrew. "Systematic conservation assessments for marine protected areas in New South Wales, Australia /." 2007. http://eprints.jcu.edu.au/2039.
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