Academic literature on the topic 'Australia Manufactures'
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Journal articles on the topic "Australia Manufactures"
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Willis, J. B. "Three Little Companies — the Birth of a Major Australian Scientific Instrument Industry." Historical Records of Australian Science 14, no. 4 (2002): 403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/hr03007.
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The atomic absorption spectrometer revolutionized chemical analysis in the 1960s. Invented by Alan Walsh of the CSIRO Division of Chemical Physics, its manufacture in Australia began with three small Melbourne companies making the necessary optical, mechanical and electronic components. Subsequently, one of these companies, Techtron Pty Ltd, made a complete instrument and became a major supplier to the international market. Techtron expanded rapidly and in 1967 was sold to a large US company, Varian Associates Inc., which still operates as Varian Australia Pty Ltd and manufactures atomic absorption spectrometers and other scientific instruments at Mulgrave, Victoria.
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Navaratnam, Satheeskumar, Tuan Ngo, Tharaka Gunawardena, and David Henderson. "Performance Review of Prefabricated Building Systems and Future Research in Australia." Buildings 9, no. 2 (February 3, 2019): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings9020038.
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Volumetric prefabricated building construction is growing in most developed countries; for example, in Sweden the market share of prefabricated building systems in the housing industry was more than 80%. However, in Australia only approximately 3–4% of new building constructions are prefabricated buildings in a year. A major hindrance to the growth of prefab construction in Australia is that systems are developed under commercial and confidential conditions. There are limited publicly-available research and case studies for certifiers, regulators, engineers and academia to provide independent information on the performance, advantages and disadvantages of prefabricated building systems. Independent designers and structural engineers are relying on the strength of the structural and non-structural element, as well as the connections of the prefabricated building systems. This strength is estimated from the “commercial-in-confidence” test of individual components by manufactures, and it might result in undesired outcomes in design. This paper provides an overview of available literature on structural performance, benefits, constraints and challenges of prefabricated building systems. This paper also highlights the research needed on the prefabricated building systems such as full-scale tests, numerical modelling, hybrid simulations, case studies and social and economic assessments. Being supported by sound academic research will increase the market demand for prefabricated building systems in Australia as well as in other countries.
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Wilson, Arron, Joel B. Johnson, Ryan Batley, Pawan Lal, Lara Wakeling, and Mani Naiker. "Authentication Using Volatile Composition: A Proof-of-Concept Study on the Volatile Profiles of Fourteen Queensland Ciders." Beverages 7, no. 2 (May 25, 2021): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/beverages7020028.
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Although relatively small, the Australian cider industry has experienced significant growth in recent years. One of the current challenges in the industry is the lack of research specific to Australian ciders. Establishing baseline volatile organic compound (VOC) profiles of Australian cider is paramount to developing a better understanding of the industry. This understanding may ultimately be utilized for both the categorization and authentication of existing ciders, and the targeted modification of cider volatiles for the development and improvement of cider quality. This study utilized gas chromatography, coupled with mass spectrometry, to identify key VOCs present in 14 ciders sourced from four different manufacturers in Queensland, Australia. A total of 40 VOCs were identified across the ciders, with significant variation depending on the flavor and manufacturer. Principal component analysis indicated that the ciders were well-separated based on the manufacturer, supporting the prospect of using the volatile composition to discriminate between cider manufacturers. Furthermore, hierarchical cluster analysis highlighted the commonalities and differences in cider composition between different manufacturers, which may be indicative of the varying ingredients and manufacturing processes used to create the ciders. Future studies profiling the volatile composition of larger numbers of Australian ciders are recommended to support the use of this analytical technique for authentication purposes. Likewise, exploration of the relationship between specific processes and VOCs is recommended to fortify an understanding of how to optimize cider production to improve consumer satisfaction.
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O'brien, H. D. "Vivian Richard Ebsary, A.M. Biomedical Engineer, Inventor, Philanthropist." Anaesthesia and Intensive Care 33, no. 1_suppl (June 2005): 16–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0310057x0503301s08.
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Vivian Ebsary was an inventor, designer and manufacturer of varied pieces of medical equipment, particularly those involving pumps. These included hypothermia machines and the heart-lung cardiopulmonary bypass machines used in Australian and New Zealand hospitals from the mid 1950s until well into the 1970s. Ebsary also designed and manufactured anaesthetic machines, a hyperbaric unit, scoliosis implant equipment, a chairlift and many other devices for use in the general community. This paper presents an overview of his life's involvement with medicine and medical technology in Australia.
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Robertson, Katharine, David T. Booth, and Colin J. Limpus. "An assessment of ‘turtle-friendly' lights on the sea-finding behaviour of loggerhead turtle hatchlings (Caretta caretta)." Wildlife Research 43, no. 1 (2016): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr15138.
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Context It is well established that artificial light can disrupt the sea-finding ability of sea turtle hatchlings, and some manufactures are now marketing ‘turtle-friendly’ lights that are supposed to be minimally disruptive to this sea-finding behaviour. However, there have been no studies that have tested whether ‘turtle-friendly’ lights are benign to hatchling sea turtle sea-finding ability. Aims We tested two different types of ‘turtle-friendly’ lights (LED amber-light peak intensity 620 nm and LED red-light peak intensity 640 nm) to see whether they are disruptive to the sea-finding ability of eastern-coast Australian loggerhead turtle hatchlings. Methods Using standard circular-arena experiments, we assessed the directional preference of newly emerged loggerhead turtle hatchlings from the Woongarra Coast of Queensland, Australia, during different moon phases without artificial lighting and in the presence of ‘turtle-friendly’ lights. Key results Contrary to expectations, sea-finding ability of hatchlings was disrupted by the amber lights, particularly in the absence of a moon. The less intense red lights were less disruptive to hatchlings; however, misorientation and disorientation events still occurred when lights were within 4 m of hatchlings. The disruptive impact on sea-finding ability increased with the cumulative impact of multiple lights increasing light intensity. Conclusions The ‘turtle-friendly’ lights we used disrupted the sea-finding ability of eastern-coast Australian loggerhead turtle hatchlings, with the most pronounced disruption occurring under moonless conditions. Implications The use of amber and red LED lights adjacent to the nesting beaches of loggerhead sea turtles should be managed because this lighting has the potential to disrupt the sea-finding ability of sea turtle hatchlings.
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Maurya, Sanjeev Kumar, Vikesh Kumar Shukla, Sunny Kumar Maurya, and Prachi Kaushik. "Regulatory aspects for Biologic Product licensing in Australia." International Journal of Drug Regulatory Affairs 7, no. 2 (June 16, 2019): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/ijdra.v7i2.310.
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The TG Act defines biological as product made, from or containing, human cells or human tissues, lives animal organs, cells or tissues, and that is used to treat or prevent disease or injury, Diagnose a condition of a person and Alter the physiological processes of a person.
The Australian Regulatory Guidelines for Biologicals (ARGB) provide the keen information for manufacturers, sponsors, professionals in healthcare and also to public about the use of human cells and tissues based therapeutic goods, live animal cells, organs and tissues (1). These all products are Biologicals. This guideline is specially written for general public. If you are a sponsor or manufacture, this will:
Explains the biological regulatory framework is applies to manufacturer’s product and their exemption conditions (1).
Explains the Australian regulatory requirements for supplying of Biologicals
Explains what is required for the market authorization as per TGA especially for Biologicals.
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Zychinski, Steven M. "No Gear is an Island." Mechanical Engineering 126, no. 06 (June 1, 2004): 34–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2004-jun-4.
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This article discusses Coin Acceptors Inc.’s designs and manufactures’ vending machines, control systems, bill acceptors, and coin changers for the snack and beverage industry. The company, based in St. Louis, sells its products through branch companies as far away as Europe and Australia. To improve the industry’s machines, the firm set out to offer a high-capacity coin changer, which would operate a bit differently. It was during the design of this device that our engineering team at Coin Acceptors was reminded of an important design principle: No gear operates alone. With the production date for their coin changer looming, they needed to come up with solutions fast. The company decided to bring the design in-house. Load analysis suggested a benefit from a material change for the ring gears. They chose a reinforced nylon from Ticona of Summit, N.J. The material offers more strength without increasing wear. It also has a reduced coefficient of thermal expansion, which meant 25 percent less fluctuation in backlash and contact ratio throughout the wide operating temperature range.
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Tsokhas, Kosmas. "Dedominionization: the Anglo-Australian experience, 1939–1945." Historical Journal 37, no. 4 (December 1994): 861–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0018246x00015120.
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ABSTRACTThe role of decolonization in the decline of the British empire has received a great deal of attention. In comparison there has been little research or analysis of the process of dedominionization affecting Australia and the other dominions. During the Second World War economic ties were seriously weakened and there were substantial conflicts over economic policy between the British and Australian governments. Australia refused to reduce imports in order to conserve foreign exchange, thus contributing to the United Kingdom's debt burden. The Australian government insisted that the British guarantee Australia's sterling balances and refused to adopt the stringent fiscal policies requested by the Bank of England and the British treasury. Australia also took the opportunity to expand domestic manufacturing industry at the expense of British manufacturers. Economic separation and conflict were complemented by political and strategic differences. In particular, the Australian government realized that British military priorities made it impossible for the United Kingdom to defend Australia. This led the Australians towards a policy of cooperating with the British embargo on Japan, only to the extent that this would be unlikely to provoke Japanese military retaliation. In general, the Australians preferred a policy of compromise in the Far East to one of deterrence preferred by the British.
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Jain, Monika. "Was India Right in Not Joining RCEP? A Cost–Benefit Analysis." India Quarterly: A Journal of International Affairs 77, no. 4 (October 31, 2021): 542–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/09749284211047728.
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India dropped out of the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP)—which included the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) countries, China, South Korea, New Zealand, Japan and Australia—after negotiating for almost seven years in November 2018 on the grounds of national interest and also that free trade agreements (FTAs) did not amount to free trade and led to more trade diversion than trade creation. The cost and benefit of a regional agreement depend on the amount of trade creation with respect to trade diversion (Panagriya, 2000). This study tries to examine India’s concerns and, at the same time, highlights the cost of not joining RCEP. India’s trade deficit with 11 out of the 15 RCEP nations has been a major cause of concern. Unfavourable trade balance, concerns about the impact on dairy sector, economic slowdown, past experience with FTA’s, China factor, data localisation, rules of origin and the experience of ASEAN countries with Sino-FTA have been some of the reasons behind India’s decision to opt out of this mega multilateral agreement. Also, bilateral trade agreements with some RCEP countries such as Japan, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand and South Korea were operational. A multilateral trade agreement with ASEAN countries was very much in place. So, trade between India and 12 of the RCEP member countries would not have changed much after India’s inclusion in the RCEP. The impact of lower tariffs would have been evident for the remaining three countries: China, Australia and New Zealand. Furthermore, there was fear of a massive surge in imports of manufactures from China and dairy imports from Australia and New Zealand. This study also examines the long-term impact of this decision and if India has missed out on becoming a part of the global value chain and gaining greater market access in the Asia-Pacific region. India’s policy of import substitution and protectionism did not capitulate desired results in the past. Hence, a critical evaluation of India’s decision and some validation on her concerns and fears have been done.
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Shahid, Maria, Bruce Neal, and Alexandra Jones. "Uptake of Australia’s Health Star Rating System 2014–2019." Nutrients 12, no. 6 (June 16, 2020): 1791. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12061791.
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In June 2014, Australia and New Zealand adopted a voluntary front-of-pack nutrition label, the Health Star Rating (HSR) system. Our aim was to assess its uptake in Australia in the five years following adoption and examine the feasibility of proposed targets for future uptake. Numbers and proportions of products eligible to carry a HSR were recorded each year between 2014 and 2019 as part of an annual survey of four large Australian retail outlets. Uptake was projected to 2024. Mean HSR values were determined for products that were, and were not labelled with a HSR logo, and summary data presented overall, by HSR score, by major food category, by manufacturer and manufacturer group. Differences in mean HSR were assessed by independent samples t-test. HSR uptake continues to increase, appearing on 7118/17,477 (40.7%) of eligible products in 2019. Voluntary display of the HSR logo was increasing linearly at 6.8% annually. This would need to be maintained to reach 70% by 2024. Of those products displaying a HSR logo, more than three quarters (76.4%) had a HSR ≥ 3.0. Products displaying a HSR logo had a significantly higher mean HSR (3.4), compared to products not displaying a HSR logo (2.6) (p < 0.001). One hundred and thirty-nine manufacturers were using HSR, but retailers Coles, Woolworths and ALDI were together responsible for the majority of uptake (55.9%). Manufacturer members of the Australian Food and Grocery Council were responsible for 28.6% of uptake. Our findings illustrate the limits of commercial goodwill in applying HSR voluntarily. Ongoing implementation must pair clear targets and timelines for uptake with a firm pathway to make HSR mandatory if sufficient progress is not achieved.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Australia Manufactures"
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MacIntosh, Malcolm Leslie. "The management of change in four manufacturing organizations." Title page, contents and abstract only, 2001. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phm15188.pdf.
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Bibliography: leaves 350-402. This thesis is concerned with the process of change and adaptation in four Australian manufacturing companies in the period 1989 to 1996. The thesis seeks to explain the reaction of these companies to the pressures for change, and particularly for the adoption of 'best practice' management prescriptions in the organization of work and human resource management. The operating hypothesis adopted is that the pattern of changes undertaken by manufacturing organizations are shaped by a variety of factors both external to and within the company, but that management beliefs and orientations are a key element in understanding the pace and extent of change. The research is pursued through detailed case studies designed to explore at length pressures for change and continuity in corporate decision-making.
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Bates, Ian George Bindon. ""Necessity's inventions" : a research project into South Australian inventors and their inventions from 1836 to 1886." Title page, contents and abstract only, 2000. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09ARM/09armb3924.pdf.
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"August 2000" Includes bibliographical references (leaves 115-118) and index of inventors 1. Introduction, overview of years 1836-1886 -- 2. The Patent Act, no. 18, of 1859 -- 3. The Provisional Registration of Patents Act, no. 3, of 1875 -- 4. The Patent Act, no. 78, of 1877 -- 5. Numerical list of inventions
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Meehan, Samantha. "The fate of cyanide in groundwater at gasworks sites in South-Eastern Australia /." Connect to thesis, 2000. http://eprints.unimelb.edu.au/archive/00000229.
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Secomb, Dorothy Margaret School of Social Science & Policy UNSW. "Retirement in Mobile and Manufactured Housing on the North Coast of New South Wales, Australia." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Social Science and Policy, 2000. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/17488.
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This study considers relocatable homes as an alternative housing choice for male and female retirees fifty years of age and over. Homogeneous parks and estates planned for a specific type of relocatable home are compared with those which evolved from tourist parks and retain sites for both permanent and short-term occupancy. Four relocatable home environments are considered: caravan parks, mobile homes in mixed parks, manufactured homes in mixed parks and manufactured housing estates. The differential effects of 'age', 'house type' and 'housing environment' upon 'residential satisfaction', 'sense of community within the neighbourhood', 'social integration in the community' and 'psychological adjustment' form the analytical framework of the study. Residents of 34 parks/ estates on the North Coast of New South Wales completed 778 questionnaires. Case studies, interviews, letters and written comments provided data for qualitative analysis. Approximately 94% of respondents are satisfied with their homes and housing environments. Residential satisfaction is most influenced by the interactions and perceptions of residents; psychological adjustment is influenced by a positive attitudes towards self and one's neighbours; integration in the community is affected by levels of network. Each of these relate strongly with having a sense of community in the neighbourhood. Space internal to the dwelling relates to satisfaction, adjustment and community integration. External space relates to the need for a well planned neighbourhood which affords privacy, safety and amenities. The need for meeting places for small and large groups was recurrent. The results suggest that residents of relocatable homes tend to retain affiliation with organisations joined prior to relocation. They are not reliant on their new neighbours to integrate in their community. This result is contrary to prior research which studied site built homes and traditional neighbourhoods. The present high levels of residential satisfaction would rise if it were not for the overwhelming uncertainty of tenure and unjustifiable rises in site rent. The study reviews government policy especially in relation to tenure. A relocatable home offers no more affordability than a site-built home in the same area in the long-term but it does offer a preferred retirement lifestyle.
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Yu, Hong School of Chemical Engineering & Industrial Chemistry UNSW. "The mechanisms of composite fouling in Australian sugar mill evaporators by calcium oxalate and amorphous silica." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Chemical Engineering and Industrial Chemistry, 2004. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/20527.
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Deposition of amorphous silica (SiO2) and calcium oxalate (CaOx) on the calandria tubes of juice evaporators cause serious processing problems in Australian cane sugar mills. The removal of these deposits by mechanical and chemical means is a timeconsuming and costly experience. The cost of downtime and chemical cleaning can be several million dollars per year for the Australian sugar industry. The interactions between CaOx and SiO2 have not been investigated previously because conventional studies only address fouling by individual components. The present work evaluates their interactions using two experimental approaches: batch tests for assessing kinetic and thermodynamic behaviour, and fouling-loop experiments for examining composite fouling behaviour under different operating conditions. The above two approaches were employed both in the absence and in the presence of sugar to elucidate the effect of sugar on composite fouling mechanisms and to determine the controlling species responsible for composite fouling. The composite fouling experiments were performed in a novel closed-loop circulation system simulating the effect of feed composition of successive stages of evaporation cycle in a single run. In addition, the fouling-loop system was operated in a constant composition mode to study the effects of thermal hydraulic conditions on composite fouling. The combined information obtained from both the batch and fouling-loop tests in this study offer a unique insight into the mechanisms of composite fouling of CaOx and SiO2. Some of the highlights of the obtained results are as follows: ??? Identification of a complex interactive process in calcium oxalate monohydrate ??? silica (COM-SiO2) systems by investigation of the kinetics and thermodynamics of COM-SiO2 coprecipitation in water and sugar solutions, and an understanding of the mechanisms of these interactions; ??? Development of a novel fouling-loop system, which is simple, efficient and cost effective for the study of the effect of juice composition on scale formation in various stages of juice evaporation; ??? Elucidation of composite fouling mechanisms, e.g., a feed composition dependent fouling mechanism is proposed; ??? Isolation and verification of the existence of certain species in composite deposits, which is known to be thermodynamically unstable. In other words, it is established that calcium oxalate trihydrate is stable under certain conditions; ??? Evaluation of the role of thermal hydraulic operating parameters in determining the characteristics of subcooled flow boiling heat transfer and in determining the strength of the composite deposit; ??? Development and validation of an empirical model to predict the subcooled flow boiling heat transfer coefficients in water and sugar solutions; ??? Development of an analytical model incorporating the effects of operating parameters for COM and SiO2 composite fouling in sugar solutions. This model predicted the experimental data better than available models. Results of this work are significant, not only because they have made a valuable contribution to advance the fundamental understanding of heat exchanger fouling, but also because they may play a key role in the development of scale control and removal strategies to minimize the composite fouling in Australian sugar mill evaporators. For example it was found that, in order to effectively minimize the rate of composite fouling and reduce the scale tenacity, it would be necessary to control thermal hydraulic operating conditions, especially the fluid velocity, and to adjust the initial CaOx/SiO2 supersaturation ratio to the optimum value. To achieve the optimal CaOx/SiO2 ratio, certain device can be developed to sequentially measure oxalic acid and SiO2 concentrations in juice so that the correct proportions of chemicals can be added. Model simulations of the composite fouling rate may also effectively and economically provide comparative and relevant information essential for process optimisation and evaporator design
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Kulkarni, Ambarish. "Design and manufacture of car carrier." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2010.
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Currently the loading of cars in car carrier is done manually by the truck drivers. The drivers load car carrier by climbing over the height of 1.5 meters, which is limitation in existing designs. While loading cars on the top of the prime mover, driver needs to reach top of the car carrier to load and strap cars in positions above 1.5 meters. This cause's potential risks on falls from heights; identified as an issue in car carrier sector by OHS authorities.
This research focuses on health and safety issues in present car carriers and improvement in designing of a car carrier, which eliminates loading of cars above 1.5 meters from ground level. This research develops a new car carrier with improved design mechanisms to avoid the climbing of the driver over the height of 1.5 meters without compromising on specifications of car carrier, including number of cars, variety of cars like SUV, small cars etc.
For the first time in the sector, car carrier is developed which will be capable of loading eight cars and safe by design due to elimination of drivers climbing on identified risk areas. After a short review of historic origin of the sector and identifying problems in present car carriers, research emphasises on development of car carrier to overcome falls related issues. Discussions on different layouts, to resolve problems identified and keeping design complaint with ADR and OHS regulations are presented. Latest techniques in product development including virtual design process (VDP), computer aided design (CAD), product data management (PDM), and finite element analyses (FEA) were used throughout car carrier designs for validation and verifications.
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Manley, Karen Jane. "Factors leading to offshore manufacture of Australian inventions: the case of the orbital combustion process engine." Thesis, Manley, Karen Jane (1994) Factors leading to offshore manufacture of Australian inventions: the case of the orbital combustion process engine. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 1994. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/489/.
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This thesis focuses on the factors which lead to off-shore manufacture of Australian inventions. It establishes this phenomenon as a problem, both in terms of its incidence in the post-war period, and in the strategic importance of innovative activity to economic growth. The thesis utilises a case study approach and concentrates on the experiences of one company, the Orbital Engine Corporation (Orbital). In 1989 Ralph Sarich, inventor of the Orbital Combustion Process (OCP) engine and founder of Orbital, signed an agreement with the Michigan state government to manufacture the engine in the United States of America (USA), in preference to several alternative sites in Australia and overseas. This occurred in the context of Orbital actively pursuing assistance from the Australian government to secure local production. The research question is: Why did Orbital decide to manufacture its engine invention ofshore? A multi-disciplinary approach to this question is adopted. Three different conceptual frameworks are employed: industrial organisation theory, market failure theory and policy network theory. The analysis is not structured around a pre-existing hypothesis; instead, the aim is to generate potential explanations for more rigorous testing by subsequent researchers.
The thesis concludes that, in terms of industrial organisation theory, the decision to manufacture OCP engines off-shore was a function of the poor quality of the Australian industrial context and the failure by those seeking assistance from the Commonwealth government to stress Orbital's status as an exemplary enterprise in Australian industry. Market failure theory indicated that offshore production of the OCP engine was made more likely by the suboptimal operation of the price mechanism, the neglect of market failure arguments by those supporting local production of the engine and 'government failure'. Policy network theory explained Orbital's decision as the result of: ineffective employment of negotiation tactics by proponents of the engine's domestic manufacture; and the chaotic nature of negotiations which allowed certain personal and ideological prejudices to dominate the issue resolution process.
It is shown that some or all of these explanations underlie a number of other examples where Australian inventions have been manufactured offshore. In commenting on policy implications, the thesis points to the economic potential of the Orbital invention and the value of interventionist industry policy. The thesis identifies a number of actions which might be taken to lower the incidence of foreign manufacture of Australian inventions. Further research is necessary to determine the relative importance of the various factors which are identified as leading to offshore production. In addition, there remains a particularly crucial need to improve the social efficiency of existing cost-benefit techniques employed by government policy-makers and commercial analysts.
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Manley, Karen Jane. "Factors leading to offshore manufacture of Australian inventions : the case of the orbital combustion process engine." Murdoch University, 1994. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20080115.124359.
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This thesis focuses on the factors which lead to off-shore manufacture of Australian inventions. It establishes this phenomenon as a problem, both in terms of its incidence in the post-war period, and in the strategic importance of innovative activity to economic growth. The thesis utilises a case study approach and concentrates on the experiences of one company, the Orbital Engine Corporation (Orbital). In 1989 Ralph Sarich, inventor of the Orbital Combustion Process (OCP) engine and founder of Orbital, signed an agreement with the Michigan state government to manufacture the engine in the United States of America (USA), in preference to several alternative sites in Australia and overseas. This occurred in the context of Orbital actively pursuing assistance from the Australian government to secure local production. The research question is: Why did Orbital decide to manufacture its engine invention ofshore? A multi-disciplinary approach to this question is adopted. Three different conceptual frameworks are employed: industrial organisation theory, market failure theory and policy network theory. The analysis is not structured around a pre-existing hypothesis; instead, the aim is to generate potential explanations for more rigorous testing by subsequent researchers.
The thesis concludes that, in terms of industrial organisation theory, the decision to manufacture OCP engines off-shore was a function of the poor quality of the Australian industrial context and the failure by those seeking assistance from the Commonwealth government to stress Orbital's status as an exemplary enterprise in Australian industry. Market failure theory indicated that offshore production of the OCP engine was made more likely by the suboptimal operation of the price mechanism, the neglect of market failure arguments by those supporting local production of the engine and 'government failure'. Policy network theory explained Orbital's decision as the result of: ineffective employment of negotiation tactics by proponents of the engine's domestic manufacture; and the chaotic nature of negotiations which allowed certain personal and ideological prejudices to dominate the issue resolution process.
It is shown that some or all of these explanations underlie a number of other examples where Australian inventions have been manufactured offshore. In commenting on policy implications, the thesis points to the economic potential of the Orbital invention and the value of interventionist industry policy. The thesis identifies a number of actions which might be taken to lower the incidence of foreign manufacture of Australian inventions. Further research is necessary to determine the relative importance of the various factors which are identified as leading to offshore production. In addition, there remains a particularly crucial need to improve the social efficiency of existing cost-benefit techniques employed by government policy-makers and commercial analysts.
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Bain, Lynda M., of Western Sydney Nepean University, and Faculty of Commerce. "Choice of labour flexibility vehicle within the Australian clothing industry : a case study." THESIS_FCOM_XXX_Bain_L.xml, 1996. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/508.
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Existing theories and literature seeking to explain small business reticence to engage in enterprise bargaining, at times adopt a generalised approach which precludes or at least limits their relevance and ability to explain small business choice at the industry and even organisational level. Such explanations cannot be detached from the external contextual framework in which an organisation operates and its own, often unique, strategic corporate response to the environmental influences which are challenging it. Labour flexibility vehicles including bargaining, if chosen to facilitate broader corporate strategies, can thereby, be regarded as functionally dependent upon and interactive with the corporate orientations and objectives of the organisation which in turn are environmentally influenced and shaped. The research principally provides a focused description and analysis of the experiences of Clothingco, a small, up market, vertically integrated clothing manufacturer and retailer, which has undergone various strategic readjustments at the corporate and industrial relations level throughout the 1990s, in response to externally driven pressures. The research presents firm evidence to suggest that Clothingco has selected its labour flexibility mechanisms so that they are consistent with and able to accomodate prevailing corporate strategies and orientations. Its strategic corporate readjustments throughout the 90s, which can be perceived as falling along the continuum of cost minimisation to productivity enhancement, have in particular registered differing choices with respect to labour flexibility vehicle and strategies. In the light of the findings, the research as a preferred labour flexibility vehicle at Clothingco. These are identified as: an increasing corporate focus towards cost minimisation throughout the 1990s, coupled with an inability by management to countenance union intervention in enterprise bargaining procedures. The interaction of both these factors, rendered enterprise bargaining from the point of view of management, both a strategically and industrially inferior labour flexibility vehicle to the use of contract labour. The research's strength lies in these areas which have been highlighted and which can be monitored and tested more comprehensively in future research.Master of Commerce (Hons)
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Walsh, Elizabeth. "Manufactured extinction : the origins of the policy of removing Aboriginal children from their indigenous communities in South Australia, 1836-1911 /." Title page, contents and conclusion only, 1999. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09AR/09arw224.pdf.
Full textBooks on the topic "Australia Manufactures"
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Cuffley, Peter. Federation catalogue: Household life in Australia, 1890-1915. Noble Park, Vic: Five Mile Press, 1997.
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Distance and duties: Determinants of manufacturing in Australia and Canada. Ottawa, Canada: Carleton University Press, 1985.
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International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exhibition. (1991 Sydney, N.S.W.). MECH '91: Australia : engineering for a competitive world : International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exhibition, Sydney Convention & Exhibition Centre, Darling Harbour, Sydney, Australia, 8-12 July 1991 : preprints of papers. Barton, A.C.T: The Institution, 1991.
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Boow, James. Early Australian commercial glass: Manufacturing processes. [Sydney: Dept. of Planning & Heritage Council of New South Wales], 1991.
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Sheehan, P. J. The rebirth of Australian industry: Australian trade in elaborately transformed manufactures, 1979-1993. Melbourne, Vic., Australia: Victoria University of Technology, Centre for Strategic Economic Studies, 1994.
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Australia. Parliament. House of Representatives. Standing Committee on Industry, Science, and Technology. Investment in Australian manufacturing. Canberra: Australian Govt. Pub. Service, 1988.
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Webster, W. G. Soda by the ton: A story of alkali manufacture in South Australia by ICI (Australia). Henley Beach, S. Aust: Seaview Press, 2002.
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Shueard, Hallett. Brewers and aerated water manufacturers in South Australia: 1836-1935. Stepney, S. Aust: H. Shueard and D. Tuckwell, 1992.
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Buckley, Peter J. European integration: The impact on Australian manufacturers in Britain. Caulfield East, Vic: Monash University, Dept. of Banking & Finance, 1994.
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Exchange rates and prices: The case of Australian manufactured imports. Berlin: Springer, 1996.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Australia Manufactures"
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Davidson, Jim. "The Manufacture of Australian Culture." In Australia Towards 2000, 24–45. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-10785-8_3.
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Abou Maroun, Elias, Jay Daniel, Didar Zowghi, and Amir Talaei-Khoei. "Blockchain in Supply Chain Management: Australian Manufacturer Case Study." In Service Research and Innovation, 93–107. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-32242-7_8.
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McManus, Phil, Glenn Albrecht, and Raewyn Graham. "Constructing Thoroughbred Breeding Landscapes: Manufactured Idylls in the Upper Hunter Region of Australia." In Engineering Earth, 1323–39. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-9920-4_73.
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Lennox, James A., and Graham M. Turner. "Modelling Manufactured Capital Stocks and Material Flows in the Australian Stocks and Flows Framework." In Handbook of Input-Output Economics in Industrial Ecology, 77–97. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-5737-3_5.
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Dowding, Keith. "Obesity." In It's the Government, Stupid!, 45–68. Policy Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781529206388.003.0003.
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This chapter discusses the nature of obesity and body shape generally, and how they affect health. Looking at the USA, UK and Australia in particular, it suggests that there is indeed a growing obesity and health crisis in the western world. It finds the causes of this crisis in modern food manufacture as it has developed from the 1960s onwards, notably sugar, trans-fats and other additives in food. It argues that whilst people do have some responsibility for their choice of food and drink, they cannot be blamed for the obesity crisis. This is the fault of governments that allow food manufacturers to produce foods that we know, given our body chemistry and biology, appeal to us and will provide excess calories with low nutritional value. People can only be expected to reasonably choose from the menu available to them, and that menu is poor-quality food, illustrated most dramatically in the food deserts of the USA. The obesity crisis is a failure of government regulation.
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"Diem “Yim” Furggersberger." In Exploring the Economic Opportunities and Impacts of Migrant Entrepreneurship, 11–23. IGI Global, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-4986-8.ch002.
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Ever since she was a child in Vietnam, Diem Kieu Yim Furggersberger's family instilled within her traditional values of discipline, resilience, and entrepreneurialism that would follow her in her successful career as CEO and Founder of Coco & Lucas' Kitchen, an Australian manufacturer of fresh, frozen, and homecooked meals for kids. At 7 years old, Diem overcame incredible odds to survive. With the fall of Saigon in 1975, Diem and her family risked everything and left all they knew behind, sailing miles across the ocean to seek refuge in Australia. In her new home, Diem would face many more challenges including culture shock and severe bullying. This chapter explores how the refugee experiences of a young girl shaped her to become the strong and resilient woman she is today – one who is guided by the compass of her family and cultural values to conquer challenges and strive for success.
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Lin, Chad, and Geoffrey Jalleh. "Key Issues and Challenges for Managing and Evaluating B2B E-Commerce Projects within the Australian Pharmaceutical Supply Chain." In Pharmacoinformatics and Drug Discovery Technologies, 54–71. IGI Global, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-0309-7.ch005.
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The use of Business-to-Business (B2B) e-commerce within the Australian pharmaceutical supply chain can potentially assist in setting up an infrastructure which supports complex, multiparty Internet-based trading and transactions among pharmaceutical manufacturers, wholesalers, hospitals, pharmacies, medical supply importers and exporters, and other players in the healthcare system. Effective use of B2B e-commerce can help these organizations reduce costs in supplying and distributing medicines and other medical-related products to the general public. However, despite high expectations for realizing the benefits of B2B e-commerce in the pharmaceutical supply chain, issues surrounding its evaluation and management remain poorly understood and relatively under-researched. This chapter presents case study findings on key management and evaluation issues and challenges in adopting and utilizing B2B e-commerce systems on eight pharmaceutical organizations in Australia. The key objectives of this study are: (1) to establish current practices and norms in evaluating B2B e-commerce investments and projects in the pharmaceutical industry; and (2) to identify key B2B e-commerce management issues and challenges within the Australian pharmaceutical supply chain. A key contribution of this chapter is the identification and examination of key issues and challenges faced by the pharmaceutical organizations undertaking B2B e-commerce activities within their supply chain. The findings will guide senior executives in these organizations to develop their own approaches or strategies to manage the opportunities and threats that exist in the Australian pharmaceutical supply chain.
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Loon, Mark Kong Chew. "Framing and Tropes in Organizational Change Practice." In Advances in Business Strategy and Competitive Advantage, 617–25. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-6155-2.ch042.
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There are two main parts to this reflective case history of evidence-based OCD practice. The first involves the use of framing in enhancing meaning and provoking action from the client, an automotive manufacturer in Malaysia. The second part, largely drawn from organizational change experience in Australia, is a reflection on the use of tropes in change project teams and with clients to facilitate communications and invoke new ways of thinking. Both “evidence” and experience play an important role in the two stories. Through reflection, insights and lessons learned are presented that may help organizational change and development practitioners.
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Banks, John, and Brendan Keogh. "More Than One Flop from Bankruptcy : Rethinking Sustainable Independent Game Development." In Game Production Studies. Nieuwe Prinsengracht 89 1018 VR Amsterdam Nederland: Amsterdam University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789463725439_ch08.
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Since the mid-2000s saw runaway videogame successes created beyond the traditional studio paradigm, ‘indie games’ have received increased attention from distributors, console manufactures, documentary makers, festival organizers, and, crucially, a new generation of game makers looking for alternative career trajectories. However, very few indie games are commercially successful, and even fewer are followed up with a second commercial success. In this chapter, we draw from ethnographic research with Australian video game developers to unpack the myriad challenges indie game developers grapple with as they strive for sustainability. Many developers, despite deploying the language of tech start-up culture, were less interested in ‘growth’ and ‘profit’ than they were in simply being able to keep the team together to make the next game.
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Dowding, Keith. "Recreational Drugs Policy." In It's the Government, Stupid!, 113–34. Policy Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781529206388.003.0006.
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This chapter examines the history of regulating recreational drugs in the USA, UK and Australia. It shows that the criminalization of recreational drugs is a relatively recent phenomenon, based not on citizen welfare but on fears that drugs affect the nation’s ability to wage war, whilst some early legislation was openly racist. It argues that the continued justification of drug criminalization is moralistic and has racist underpinnings. It suggests that whilst the social problems of recreational drug use are serious, they are no more serious than those of alcohol or gambling, and legalization has many advantages over continued criminalization. It examines the results of drug decriminalization in Portugal, and the likely practicality and social effects should recreational drugs be legalized. It argues that such legalization would also require careful regulation, much as we have for drugs manufactured for medical purposes. It compares the policy stance of governments on recreational drugs to that on the other issues discussed in this book.
Conference papers on the topic "Australia Manufactures"
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Jonas, Michael, and Harald Brendel. "HDR from the Perspective of a Camera Manufacturer." In SMPTE Australia Conference. IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.5594/m001751.
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Hinwood, R., and J. B. Ness. "Mitec microwave design and manufacture in Australia - Here and now." In 1992 Asia-Pacific Microwave Conference. IEEE, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/apmc.1992.672094.
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Salih, Arwin, John Kenyon, John Steele, and Ranjan Weeraratne. "Darlington Upgrade Project – Bridge design for manufacture and assembly." In IABSE Congress, Christchurch 2021: Resilient technologies for sustainable infrastructure. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/christchurch.2021.0021.
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<p>The Darlington Upgrade Project (DUP) consists of the upgrade of approximately 3.3 kilometres of the existing Main South Road forming part of the Adelaide North-South Transport Corridor.</p><p>This paper focusses on the design of the project’s three composite steel box girder bridges and challenges employing the Design for Manufacture and Assembly (DfMA) principles on the bridge superstructures which were constructed on temporary towers in an assembly yard approximately 500 metres from the final bridge position and transported using the Self-Propelled Modular Transporter (SPMT) technology. SPMTs, a first in Australia for bridge application, allows pre- fabrication of the bridge superstructure improving safety for both construction crews and motorists.</p><p>Evaluation of stresses imposed on the superstructure obtained from the real time monitoring instrumentation during installation is also presented.</p>
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Doherty, Rohan, Judy Matthews, Cara Wrigley, and Sam Bucolo. "Early challenges of shifting an Australian manufacturer's utilisation of design." In 2013 IEEE Tsinghua International Design Management Symposium (TIDMS). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tidms.2013.6981246.
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Konstantinopoulou, Lina, Anthony Germanchev, Marko Ševrović, and James Bradford. "Assessing the Readiness of Infrastructure for Automated Vehicles from a Safety Perspective." In FISITA World Congress 2021. FISITA, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46720/f2020-acm-065.
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The Paper examines the "Roads that Cars can Read'' attributes for physical and digital infrastructure and develops the AD Star rating methodology by assessing the readiness of the infrastructure for AD vehicles from a safety perspective in 4 member states (SLAIN project). It also describes the Australian findings on Infrastructure Changes to Support Automated Vehicles on Rural and Metropolitan Highways and Freeways. The European Road Assessment Programme (EuroRAP) is an innovative programme of systematic risk assessment protocols which include among others the aiRAP and Autonomous Driving (AD) Star Rating. EuroRAP works on the European Commission funded CEF project SLAIN which is a 2-year project co-financed by the European Union under the Connecting Europe Facility. The project is set out in eight activities to support and encourage the proposed changes to Directive 2008/96/EC and Prepare for Automation. Among other activities, Activity 7 will perform a three-part study to demonstrate the readiness of Europe's physical infrastructure for automation. lt will include verifying several physical road attributes (relevant 52 attributes) including road marking and traffic signs and digital road attributes in 4 member states and it is going to develop the automatic coding methodology for the European network for network wide assessment and producing AI algorithms for identifying and combining datasets of vehicle sensors. The Australian case study: The method used for the Australian CAV readiness audit was documented in the Austroads Report (2019) [4]. The audit was conducted by the Australian Road Research Board using a survey vehicle fitted with a Mobileye camera that represents machine vision technology used in late model or near future market vehicles. This technology detects the road environment in real-time including speed signs, lines and objects. Mobileye is a global supplier of machine vision technology to automotive manufacturers, and the Mobileye technology is the foundation of more than 25 auto manufacturer's ADAS functionality and is representative of how today's vehicles read the road.
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Holleran, Samuel. "Ultra Graphic: Australian Advertising Infrastructure from Morris Columns to Media Facades." In The 38th Annual Conference of the Society of Architectural Historians Australia and New Zealand. online: SAHANZ, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55939/a4028p0swn.
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This paper examines the development of infrastructures for outdoor advertising and debates over visual ‘oversaturation’ in the built environment. It begins with the boom in posters that came in the 19th century with a plethora of new manufactured goods and the attempts by civic officials to create structures that would extend cities’ available surface area for the placement of ads. It then charts the rise of building-top ‘sky signs,’ articulated billboards, kiosks, and digital media facades while detailing the policy initiatives meant to regulate these ad surfaces. This work builds on ongoing research into the development of signage technologies in Sydney and Melbourne, the measurement and regulation of ‘visual pollution’, and the promotion of entertainment and nightlife in precincts defined by neon and historic signage. This project responds to the increasing ambiguity between traditional advertising substrates and building exteriors. It charts the development of display technologies in relation to changing architectural practices and urban landscapes. Signage innovation in Australia has been driven by increasingly sophisticated construction practices and by the changing nature of cities; shifting markedly with increased automobility, migration and cultural change, and mobile phone use. The means by which urban reformers and architectural critics have sought to define, measure, and control new ad technologies—sometimes deemed ‘visual pollution’— offers a prehistory to contemporary debates over ‘smart city’ street furniture, and a synecdoche to narratives of degradation and ugliness in the post-war built environment. These four thematically linked episodes show how Australian civic officials and built environment activists have responded to visual clutter, and the fuzzy line between advertisers, architects, and builders erecting increasingly dynamic infrastructures for ad delivery. This progression shows the fluctuating place of advertisement in the built environment, ending with the emergence of today’s programmable façades and urban screens.
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Beres, Wieslaw, Donald Fread, Lesley Harris, Philip Haupt, Joanna Kappas, Roger Olson, Philip Reineke, Sandi Robertson, and Gordon Stocks. "Critical Components Life Update for Gas Turbine Engines: Case Study of an International Collaboration." In ASME Turbo Expo 2008: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2008-50655.
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The paper describes results of the international collaboration that led to revision of the declared lives for critical components of a turbo-prop gas turbine engine. Four nations contributed to the program—Australia, Canada, USA and South Africa under the auspices of a Component Improvement Program led by the Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM). This international collaboration was initiated as a result of the decrease in the declared life for some critical components of this engine by the OEM. The core of the program consisted of a detailed stress analysis performed in South Africa, and spin rig testing of selected life-limited, rotating turbine components—two stages of discs and two stages of spacers—performed in Australia and Canada. The general objectives of the program were to provide more accurate low cycle fatigue crack initiation data and to verify crack growth life analysis techniques using advanced 2D and 3D finite element analyses and spin rig testing for selected components. The crack initiation results are used to improve the life management procedures. Since the OEM does not recommend using life limits that exceed the safe crack initiation life of the rotating turbine components, the crack growth analysis results are used only for risk assessment and risk management by the engine operators. The basis of analytical techniques used for preparing the tests as well as the testing procedures are described. In addition, the development of NDE (Non Destructive Evaluation) methods and the inspections of these components during and after the tests are discussed. The economical benefits of such an international collaboration are demonstrated. The uniqueness of this approach to life revision of critical components of gas turbine engines, particularly for engines that have been in operation for many years, includes close cooperation of an international team of the engine manufacturer, the major engine users and their respective scientific organizations. In addition, a significant amount of operational experience that has been accumulated by the OEM, has allowed for verification of the spin rig test results.
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Collins, Julie. "Fresh Air and Sunshine: The Health Aspects of Sleepouts, Sunrooms, and Sundecks in South Australian Architecture of the 1930s." In The 38th Annual Conference of the Society of Architectural Historians Australia and New Zealand. online: SAHANZ, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55939/a3989p6hza.
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This paper examines the development of infrastructures for outdoor advertising and debates over visual ‘oversaturation’ in the built environment. It begins with the boom in posters that came in the 19th century with a plethora of new manufactured goods and the attempts by civic officials to create structures that would extend cities’ available surface area for the placement of ads. It then charts the rise of building-top ‘sky signs,’ articulated billboards, kiosks, and digital media facades while detailing the policy initiatives meant to regulate these ad surfaces. This work builds on ongoing research into the development of signage technologies in Sydney and Melbourne, the measurement and regulation of ‘visual pollution’, and the promotion of entertainment and nightlife in precincts defined by neon and historic signage.
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Baysal, Mehmet Murat, and Utpal Roy. "Development of a Product Information Model to Support Replacement Analysis." In ASME 2013 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2013-13385.
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For sustainability of environment, legislations in EU, USA, Japan and Australia require manufacturers to take back their products at the End of Life (EOL) and recycle them. The concept of 6R (reduce, reuse, recycle, recover, redesign and remanufacture) is very important for this issue, while reuse has the highest energy and material recovery efficiency. In this study, an integrated product information model has been developed in UML to provide necessary information for any future decision making activities in the EOL stage, such as the replacement analysis of any used part or subassembly. This product information model represents not only product structure but its function, behavior, and their associations in different abstract levels to support replacement analysis of an existing component with a new or a used component available to company. This representation schema provides necessary information for any future decision making activities in the EOL stage, such as the replacement or reuse of any part or subassembly. In an analysis of replacement for a faulty component with a used or new component, this model provides all of the associations of the existing artifact with other artifacts and the environment, not just functional and space requirements, and the relevant modification(s) of the associated objects has to be verified.
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Koster, Jean, Ewald Kraemer, Claus-Dieter Munz, Dries Verstraete, K. C. Wong, and Alec Velazco. "Workforce Development for Global Aircraft Design." In ASME 2011 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2011-62273.
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A delocalized international team of Graduate and Undergraduate students conceive, design, implement, and operate a 3 meter wingspan aircraft with the intent to investigate numerous new ‘green’ aircraft technologies. The project, known as Hyperion, teaches essential systems engineering skills through long-distance design collaborations with multidisciplinary teams of engineering students located around the world. Project partners are the University of Colorado at Boulder, USA, the University of Sydney, Australia, and the University of Stuttgart, Germany. The teams on three continents are distributed 8 hours apart; students can relay select work daily so that progress can “Follow The Sun (FTS).” As a result three workdays are packaged in one 24 hour period. The student teams operate as a single, independent entity; structuring themselves as a simulated industry operation. Thus, project management and systems engineering principles are learned through a real-world design and deliver experience. The project also teaches delocalized manufacturing: select components are manufactured by each team and integrated both in Stuttgart and Colorado, giving the students an opportunity to learn multifaceted design for manufacturing. The project incubated many problems which lead to mitigation techniques for global collaboration as well as generating a better educated workforce to enter modern industry.