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Journal articles on the topic 'Aurignacien – Europe'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 14 December 2024

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1

Bahn, Paul G. "Harald Floss & Nathalie Rouquerol (ed.). Les chemins de l'art aurignacien en Europe/Das Aurignacien und die Anfänge der Kunst in Europa: Colloque international/Internationale Fachtagung, Aurignac 16-18 septembre 2005. 476 pages, numerous colour & b&w illustrations, 7 tables. 2007. Aurignac: Musée-forum d'Aurignac; 978-2-9527-444-2-3 hardback €59." Antiquity 82, no. 318 (December 1, 2008): 1135–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003598x0009791x.

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2

Otte, Marcel, and Anatoly Derevianko. "The Aurignacian in Altai." Antiquity 75, no. 287 (March 2001): 44–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003598x00052698.

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Research in the Altai region of central Asia is attempting to establish the development and expansion of the Aurignacian to Europe and the Caucasus. New sites and early dates provide important new data on this key question about the emergence of modern humans in Eurasia.

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3

Staubwasser, Michael, Virgil Drăgușin, Bogdan P. Onac, Sergey Assonov, Vasile Ersek, Dirk L. Hoffmann, and Daniel Veres. "Impact of climate change on the transition of Neanderthals to modern humans in Europe." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 115, no. 37 (August 27, 2018): 9116–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1808647115.

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Two speleothem stable isotope records from East-Central Europe demonstrate that Greenland Stadial 12 (GS12) and GS10—at 44.3–43.3 and 40.8–40.2 ka—were prominent intervals of cold and arid conditions. GS12, GS11, and GS10 are coeval with a regional pattern of culturally (near-)sterile layers within Europe’s diachronous archeologic transition from Neanderthals to modern human Aurignacian. Sterile layers coeval with GS12 precede the Aurignacian throughout the middle and upper Danube region. In some records from the northern Iberian Peninsula, such layers are coeval with GS11 and separate the Châtelperronian from the Aurignacian. Sterile layers preceding the Aurignacian in the remaining Châtelperronian domain are coeval with GS10 and the previously reported 40.0- to 40.8-ka cal BP [calendar years before present (1950)] time range of Neanderthals’ disappearance from most of Europe. This suggests that ecologic stress during stadial expansion of steppe landscape caused a diachronous pattern of depopulation of Neanderthals, which facilitated repopulation by modern humans who appear to have been better adapted to this environment. Consecutive depopulation–repopulation cycles during severe stadials of the middle pleniglacial may principally explain the repeated replacement of Europe’s population and its genetic composition.

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Cortés-Sánchez, Miguel, Francisco J. Jiménez-Espejo, María D. Simón-Vallejo, Chris Stringer, María Carmen Lozano Francisco, Antonio García-Alix, José L. Vera Peláez, et al. "An early Aurignacian arrival in southwestern Europe." Nature Ecology & Evolution 3, no. 2 (January 21, 2019): 207–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41559-018-0753-6.

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5

Kozlowski, Janusz K., and Marcel Otte. "The Formation of the Aurignacian in Europe." Journal of Anthropological Research 56, no. 4 (December 2000): 513–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/jar.56.4.3630929.

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6

Churchill, Steven E., and Fred H. Smith. "Makers of the early Aurignacian of Europe." American Journal of Physical Anthropology 113, S31 (2000): 61–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1096-8644(2000)43:31+<61::aid-ajpa4>3.0.co;2-3.

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7

Otte, M., F. Biglari, D. Flas, S. Shidrang, N. Zwyns, M. Mashkour, R. Naderi, et al. "The Aurignacian in the Zagros region: new research at Yafteh Cave, Lorestan, Iran." Antiquity 81, no. 311 (March 1, 2007): 82–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003598x00094850.

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The Yafteh cave in Iran has an intact Aurignacian sequence over 2m deep. First explored by Frank Hole and Kent Flannery in the 1960s, its strata and assemblage are here re-evaluated at first hand by a new international team. The authors show that the assemblage is genuine Aurignacian and dates back to about 35.5K uncal BP. They propose it as emerging locally and even as providing a culture of origin for modern humans in West Asia and Europe.

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Hahn, Joachim. "Neue Beschleuniger 14C-Daten zum Jungpaläolithikum in Südwestdeutschland." E&G Quaternary Science Journal 45, no. 1 (January 1, 1995): 86–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3285/eg.45.1.09.

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Abstract. Eine neue Datierungsmethocle mit dem Beschleuniger - AMS - hat der 14C-Methode zusammen mit der Kalibration weit in das Jungpleistozän hinein neue Möglichkeiten eröffnet. Eine Reihe Proben aus südwestdeutschen jungpaläolithischen Fundstellen, vor allem Geißenklösterle und Hohle Fels wurden damit datiert. Fuldas Aurignacien und das Gravettien stellen sich erhebliche Abweichungen gegenüber den bisherigen Ansätzen heraus, die jedoch anderen neueren Datierungen in Europa entsprechen. Demnach beginnt das ältere Jungpaläolithikum mit dem Protoaurignacien um 40 ka, das „mittlere" Aurignacien mit Geschoßspitzen mit gespaltener Basis ist um 36 ka und das Gravettien ist zwischen 29 und 27 ka anzusetzen. Besiedlungsgeschichtlich und in bezug auf die Quartärchronologie hat das Konsequenzen für die Verbreitung des Homo sapiens sapiens nach Europa. Das Magdalénien hingegen bleibt in dem bisherigen zeitlichen Rahmen. Eine zweite Serie von AMS-Daten soll aber diese Ergebnisse überprüfen.

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9

Chu, Wei, Ľubomíra Kaminská, Nicole Klasen, Christian Zeeden, and György Lengyel. "The Chronostratigraphy of the Aurignacian in the Northern Carpathian Basin Based on New Chronometric/Archeological Data from Seňa I (Eastern Slovakia)." Journal of Paleolithic Archaeology 3, no. 1 (November 27, 2019): 77–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s41982-019-00044-2.

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AbstractThe northern Carpathian Basin has important geological, paleoenvironmental, and archeological records that are key to our understanding of the first modern human occupation of Europe. However, the nature and timing of hominin settlements in the region during the Late Pleistocene remain poorly understood. New fieldwork at Seňa I, Slovakia, has identified the only known stratified open-air Aurignacian site in the region and assigned the assemblage to at least 33.5 ± 2.4 ka ago through infrared-stimulated luminescence dating. Additionally, new archeological and geoscientific data are presented. This paper discusses the Seňa I findings in the context of the regional archeological record and shows how they contribute to the establishment of clear time constraints for the Aurignacian in eastern central Europe.

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10

Dinnis, Rob, Alexander Bessudnov, Laurent Chiotti, Damien Flas, and Alexandre Michel. "Thoughts on the Structure of the European Aurignacian, with Particular Focus on Hohle Fels IV." Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 85 (October 22, 2019): 29–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ppr.2019.11.

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Western Europe is often used as the basis from which to understand the Aurignacian of other regions. For some there is good inter-regional chronocultural agreement, whereas others see significant difference. One region frequently argued to differ is the Swabian Jura (southern Germany). In a recent contribution to this issue Bataille and Conard (2018) describe the Aurignacian assemblage from Layer IV of Hohle Fels. They convincingly outline important similarities with the Western European Late Aurignacian. However, they also argue that it is older than, and different from, the most comparable Western European assemblages, and therefore that it contradicts an Aurignacian chronocultural framework built on Western European evidence. Here we assess this claim, focusing on the sites used by Bataille and Conard in their comparison. Radiocarbon dates for Hohle Fels IV of 33–30,000 uncal bp are no older than dates for Western European Late Aurignacian assemblages. Most of the features of Hohle Fels IV argued to demonstrate its dissimilarity are, in fact, evident in the Western European Late Aurignacian. One potential difference is the reported absence from Hohle Fels IV of microblades with inverse/alternate retouch. However, due to the near absence of laterally retouched microblades and uncertainty over whether the fine fraction has been searched we doubt the significance of this observation. Other recent publications have similarly suggested that the Western European chronocultural model is incompatible with other regions. In light of this we consider Eastern Europe. Despite some difference, reliable data point to the pene-contemporaneity of characteristic bladelet/microblade technologies between the two regions, a pattern that stratigraphies from sites across Europe are also consistent with. The biggest complicating factor is radiocarbon dating, which has created a culturally complex picture that is inconsistent with all chronostratigraphic data. We therefore offer some thoughts as to the use of radiocarbon dates for this period. Despite ongoing problems dates are still frequently presented with an unwarranted confidence in their accuracy. Their presentation should instead explicitly acknowledge the method’s fallibility and its inferiority to more reliable evidence such as chronostratigraphic patterning and tephra. When radiocarbon dates contradict a consistent chronostratigraphic picture the burden of proof falls to those arguing the dates’ veracity. In these cases, the reasons for the discrepancy between the radiocarbon and chronostratigraphic records require exploration.

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KozŁowski, J. K. "The Balkans in the Middle and Upper Palaeolithic: The Gate to Europe or a Cul-de-sac?" Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 58, no. 1 (1992): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0079497x00004059.

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During the Last Interglacial Middle Palaeolithic industries of Crvena Stijena-type rich in side-scrapers with Levallois technique of recurrent type are specific to the Balkans. These industries have analogies in Anatolia and the northern part of the Middle East (Zagros-Group), but are different from industries typical of the middle Danube basin (Taubachian) and northern Central Europe (Moustero-Levalloisian). In the period preceding and immediately following the Lower Pleniglacial the Balkans were dominated by typical Mousterian and Moustero-Levalloisian, frequently with leaf points, similar to the industries of the lower Danube and Dniester basins, but unknown in western Anatolia. During the same period Eastern Micoquian developed in the middle Danube basin and northern Central Europe. Moustero-Levalloisian with leaf points persisted until the Early Interpleniglacial, but only in exceptional cases developed some Upper Palaeolithic features, and always without typical Aurignacian forms. The Aurignacian, unless it appears as a first Upper Palaeolithic culture in the Balkans with earliest dates in Europe (>40,000 years BP), seems to be an intrusive unit without any roots in the local Middle Palaeolithic. After 30,000 years BP, parallel to the Late Aurignacian, the first industries with backed blades appear. In the early stage these developed independently from those of Central Europe. Only after 26,000/24,000 BP were they followed in the eastern Balkans by assemblages strongly linked both morphologically and by raw materials to the Gravettian of the middle Danube basin. In the western Balkans, after 20,000 years BP, assemblages with shouldered points appeared, also probably of middle Danube origin. During the Last Interglacial and Interpleniglacial the territory of Balkans played an important transitional role between Anatolia and Central Europe; in the two Pleniglacials of the Würm this territory became some kind of cul-de-sac as the refugium for population groups from the middle Danube and northern Central Europe.

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12

Verpoorte, A. "The first modern humans in Europe? A closer look at the dating evidence from the Swabian Jura (Germany)." Antiquity 79, no. 304 (June 2005): 269–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003598x00114073.

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The origins of anatomically modern humans, modern behaviour and the Aurignacian form one of the most dynamic fields of European research. Conard & Bolus (2003) opened a new debate by proposing that the Aurignacian arose from the migration of modern humans. Reviewing the data from the Swabian Jura, the author shows that radiocarbon dating cannot of itself presently support models of the primacy of art, industries or the arrival of modern humans at a particular place.

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13

Dinnis, Rob, and Damien Flas. "Trou du Renard and the Belgian Aurignacian." Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 82 (May 13, 2016): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ppr.2016.4.

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A wealth of cave sites makes southern Belgium the most important area for understanding the north-western European Early Upper Palaeolithic. However, despite their abundance, the interpretation of many assemblages remains problematic. Here we present a new study of lithic material from layer B of Trou du Renard (Furfooz, Namur Province) and consider its place in the Belgian Aurignacian. The assemblage is typical of Late Aurignacian assemblages found across western Europe, underscoring the contrast between the Aurignacian and the periods that pre- and post-date it, when we instead see profound differences between north and south. The assemblage is apparently unmixed, distinguishing Trou du Renard from other key Belgian Aurignacian cave sites. A large proportion of the site’s lithic assemblage documents the production of small bladelets from carinated/busquéburin cores, suggesting that Trou du Renard served as a short-term hunting camp. Radiocarbon dating cannot pinpoint the assemblage’s age, though here it is argued to be c. 32–33,000bp(c. 36–37,000 calbp) on the basis of its similarity to the well-dated Aurignacian assemblage from Maisières Canal (Atelier de Taille de la Berge Nord-Estarea). For the same reason a third assemblage – Trou Walou layer CI-1 – is also argued to be contemporaneous. Trou du Renard, Maisières Canal and Trou Walou may represent three points in the same Late Aurignacian landscape. Differences between their lithic assemblages can be explained by the acquisition and transport of flint, and by a desire to produce small bladelets of highly standardised form irrespective of the size and shape of available blanks.

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14

Demidenko, Yuri E., Petr Škrdla, Béla Rácz, Adrián Nemergut, and Sándor Béres. "The Aurignacian in the Carpathian Basin of Eastern Central Europe and its Proto-Aurignacian industry type." Materiale şi cercetãri arheologice (Serie nouã) 1, no. 1 (2021): 141–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/mcarh.2021.2207.

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15

Kuhn, Steven L. "Pioneers of Microlithization: The “Proto-Aurignacian” of Southern Europe." Archeological Papers of the American Anthropological Association 12, no. 1 (June 28, 2008): 83–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/ap3a.2002.12.1.83.

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16

Chilardi, S., D. W. Frayer, P. Gioia, R. Macchiarelli, and M. Mussi. "Fontana Nuova di Ragusa (Sicily, Italy): southernmost Aurignacian site in Europe." Antiquity 70, no. 269 (September 1996): 553–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003598x0008371x.

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Fontana Nuova di Ragusa, a small rock-shelter in southeast Sicily, was thoroughly excavated by Bernabò Brea in 1949. In the far south of Europe — Sicily is nearly on a latitude with Africa — it has continuing importance as marking a southern geographical limit of Aurignacian settlement, and as proof of humans crossing the strait into island Sicily.

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Gavrilov, Konstantin N. "Sungir and Final Szeletian in Eastern Europe." Journal of the International Union of Prehistoric and Protohistoric Sciences 3, no. 2 (September 1, 2021): 23–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.62526/s4t7z3.

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The article is devoted to the problem of attribution of Sungirian stone industry to Streletskian as well as Final (Upper) Szeletian in the Eastern Europe, based on the typology of stone toolkit. The main characteristic of Sungirian industry in comparison with streletskian sites of Middle Don Basin is a combination of streletskian and aurignacian types of tools. Similar features are also typical for such sites as Garchi I, Biryuchya Balka and Vys. The main idea of the article is that Sungir site and Streletskian in general are the regional manifestation of the Final (Upper) Szeletian in Eastern Europe.

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Wright, Duncan, Ladislav Nejman, Francesco d'Errico, Miroslav Králík, Rachel Wood, Martin Ivanov, and Šárka Hladilová. "An Early Upper Palaeolithic decorated bone tubular rod from Pod Hradem Cave, Czech Republic." Antiquity 88, no. 339 (March 2014): 30–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003598x00050201.

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Personal ornaments are a notable feature of the Early Upper Palaeolithic in Europe and an important expression of modern human identity. The tubular bone rod from Pod Hradem Cave in the Czech Republic is the first example of its kind from Central Europe. Laboratory examination reveals the techniques used in its manufacture and underlines the skill of its maker. AMS dates and Bayesian modelling suggest a cultural association with the Early Aurignacian period. It illustrates the cultural links across large areas of Europe at this time, although it is unique in its specific combination of size, raw material and decorative features.

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Vanhaeren, Marian, and Francesco d'Errico. "Aurignacian ethno-linguistic geography of Europe revealed by personal ornaments." Journal of Archaeological Science 33, no. 8 (August 2006): 1105–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jas.2005.11.017.

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20

Posth, Cosimo, He Yu, Ayshin Ghalichi, Hélène Rougier, Isabelle Crevecoeur, Yilei Huang, Harald Ringbauer, et al. "Palaeogenomics of Upper Palaeolithic to Neolithic European hunter-gatherers." Nature 615, no. 7950 (March 1, 2023): 117–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41586-023-05726-0.

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AbstractModern humans have populated Europe for more than 45,000 years1,2. Our knowledge of the genetic relatedness and structure of ancient hunter-gatherers is however limited, owing to the scarceness and poor molecular preservation of human remains from that period3. Here we analyse 356 ancient hunter-gatherer genomes, including new genomic data for 116 individuals from 14 countries in western and central Eurasia, spanning between 35,000 and 5,000 years ago. We identify a genetic ancestry profile in individuals associated with Upper Palaeolithic Gravettian assemblages from western Europe that is distinct from contemporaneous groups related to this archaeological culture in central and southern Europe4, but resembles that of preceding individuals associated with the Aurignacian culture. This ancestry profile survived during the Last Glacial Maximum (25,000 to 19,000 years ago) in human populations from southwestern Europe associated with the Solutrean culture, and with the following Magdalenian culture that re-expanded northeastward after the Last Glacial Maximum. Conversely, we reveal a genetic turnover in southern Europe suggesting a local replacement of human groups around the time of the Last Glacial Maximum, accompanied by a north-to-south dispersal of populations associated with the Epigravettian culture. From at least 14,000 years ago, an ancestry related to this culture spread from the south across the rest of Europe, largely replacing the Magdalenian-associated gene pool. After a period of limited admixture that spanned the beginning of the Mesolithic, we find genetic interactions between western and eastern European hunter-gatherers, who were also characterized by marked differences in phenotypically relevant variants.

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Douka, K., C. Perlès, H. Valladas, M. Vanhaeren, and R. E. M. Hedges. "Franchthi Cave revisited: the age of the Aurignacian in south-eastern Europe." Antiquity 85, no. 330 (November 2011): 1131–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003598x00061962.

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The Aurignacian, traditionally regarded as marking the beginnings of Sapiens in Europe, is notoriously hard to date, being almost out of reach of radiocarbon. Here the authors return to the stratified sequence in the Franchthi Cave, chronicle its lithic and shell ornament industries and, by dating humanly-modified material, show that Franchthi was occupied either side of the Campagnian Ignimbrite super-eruption around 40000 years ago. Along with other results, this means that groups of Early Upper Palaeolithic people were active outside the Danube corridor and Western Europe, and probably in contact with each other over long distances.

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Bourrillon, R., R. White, E. Tartar, L. Chiotti, R. Mensan, A. Clark, J. C. Castel, et al. "A new Aurignacian engraving from Abri Blanchard, France: Implications for understanding Aurignacian graphic expression in Western and Central Europe." Quaternary International 491 (October 2018): 46–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2016.09.063.

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23

Mellars, Paul. "Archeology and the dispersal of modern humans in Europe: Deconstructing the “Aurignacian”." Evolutionary Anthropology: Issues, News, and Reviews 15, no. 5 (October 24, 2006): 167–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/evan.20103.

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Demidenko, Yuri E., Petr Škrdla, Sándor Béres, Béla Rácz, and Adrián Nemergut. "The Middle Aurignacian in the Carpathian Basin of E astern Central Europe." Slovenská archeológia 70, no. 2 (December 31, 2022): 189–255. http://dx.doi.org/10.31577/slovarch.2022.70.11.

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Zeller, Ulrich, and Thomas Göttert. "Humans, megafauna and landscape structure – Rock engravings from Namibia encourage a comparative approach to central Europe and southern Africa." Vertebrate Zoology 71 (October 12, 2021): 631–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/vz.71.e72811.

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This paper deals with reflections that arose after observing prehistoric rock engravings at different locations in Namibia. These observations stimulated comparative considerations with focus on southern Africa and central Europe. Similar to the Aurignacian rock art of European origin, the most common motifs in the Namibian rock engravings are large animals. While in Europe, the species that served as a blueprint for the illustration of Aurignacian rock art have mostly disappeared, the megafauna illustrated on the rock engravings in Namibia can still be found in the immediate vicinity of the rock art. Against this background, we discuss and further develop a comparative regional approach. We reconstruct and evaluate the suitability of African savannas and still-existing megafauna communities as an appropriate reference-frame for natural European grassland systems and extinct associated warm-adapted megafauna (Eemian Interglacial megafauna). Special attention is laid on the unique situation in Africa in the light of a global extinction wave of megafauna following increasing human activity in the Late Quaternary. This leads us to discuss the use of domesticated ungulates as surrogate taxa to fulfill ecosystem functions in Europe as part of concepts termed “rewilding” or “naturalistic grazing”. After critically examining these concepts, we conclude that using domesticated forms as representatives of extinct or locally disappeared species in Europe has its justification to some extent. If, however, the naturally occurring megaherbivore community still exists (Africa), these naturally occurring species should be given priority due to their organismic abilities and limitations adapted to the harsh conditions in their specific environment. Finally, we discuss the application of (transboundary) protected areas as effective instruments to mitigate human-wildlife conflicts. A holistic approach, including nature conservation and preservation of cultural achievements (domesticated forms, grazing systems), appears promising for the effective protection of the natural African savanna ecosystems with their unique fauna elements, as illustrated in rock engravings that inspired us to write this paper.

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Banks, William E., Francesco d'Errico, and João Zilhão. "Revisiting the chronology of the Proto-Aurignacian and the Early Aurignacian in Europe: A reply to Higham et al.'s comments on." Journal of Human Evolution 65, no. 6 (December 2013): 810–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhevol.2013.08.004.

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27

Davies, William. "A Very Model of a Modern Human Industry: New Perspectives on the Origins and Spread of the Aurignacian in Europe." Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 67 (2001): 195–217. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0079497x00001663.

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This paper accepts the position that the European Aurignacian should be seen as a reflection of behaviour connected to a modern human dispersal. A two-phase dispersal model (‘Pioneer’ and ‘Developed’ fades) is proposed to explain the variations in artefactual diversity and spatio-temporal patterning, enacted by directional, rapid movement across the continent rather than by a ‘Wave-of-Advance’. Presumed behavioural signatures of this population dispersal, notably what is here termed ‘behavioural flexibility’, are also explored.

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Haws, Jonathan A., Michael M. Benedetti, Sahra Talamo, Nuno Bicho, João Cascalheira, M. Grace Ellis, Milena M. Carvalho, Lukas Friedl, Telmo Pereira, and Brandon K. Zinsious. "The early Aurignacian dispersal of modern humans into westernmost Eurasia." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, no. 41 (September 28, 2020): 25414–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2016062117.

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Documenting the first appearance of modern humans in a given region is key to understanding the dispersal process and the replacement or assimilation of indigenous human populations such as the Neanderthals. The Iberian Peninsula was the last refuge of Neanderthal populations as modern humans advanced across Eurasia. Here we present evidence of an early Aurignacian occupation at Lapa do Picareiro in central Portugal. Diagnostic artifacts were found in a sealed stratigraphic layer dated 41.1 to 38.1 ka cal BP, documenting a modern human presence on the western margin of Iberia ∼5,000 years earlier than previously known. The data indicate a rapid modern human dispersal across southern Europe, reaching the westernmost edge where Neanderthals were thought to persist. The results support the notion of a mosaic process of modern human dispersal and replacement of indigenous Neanderthal populations.

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Teyssandier, Nicolas, François Bon, and Jean-Guillaume Bordes. "WITHIN PROJECTILE RANGE: Some Thoughts on the Appearance of the Aurignacian in Europe." Journal of Anthropological Research 66, no. 2 (July 2010): 209–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3998/jar.0521004.0066.203.

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30

Barshay-Szmidt, Carolyn, Christian Normand, Damien Flas, and Marie-Cécile Soulier. "Radiocarbon dating the Aurignacian sequence at Isturitz (France): Implications for the timing and development of the Protoaurignacian and Early Aurignacian in western Europe." Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports 17 (February 2018): 809–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jasrep.2017.09.003.

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31

Wolf, Sibylle, and Claire Heckel. "Ivory Ornaments of the Aurignacian in Western Europe: Case studies from France and Germany." L'Anthropologie 122, no. 3 (June 2018): 348–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anthro.2017.12.003.

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32

Layton, Robert. "Trends in the Hunter-Gatherer Rock Art of Western Europe and Australia." Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 57, no. 01 (1991): 163–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0079497x00004953.

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Rock art associated with modern human populations has a comparable antiquity in Western Europe and Australia (table 1). In Western Europe personal adornment, human and animal statuettes and some carved stone blocks date from the early Aurignacian. In Australia a date of 30,000 BP has been claimed for the origin of the geometric art tradition of the Olary Province of Southern Australia, a date which would make it contemporary with the modern human community at Lake Mungo 150 miles to the east, who were practising deliberate burial (Bowler and Thome 1976, 129,138). This date, however, depends on the cation ratio method, whose calibration is still open to question (Nobbs and Dorn 1988; Clarke 1989; Watchman 1989).Secure dates based on C14 measurements show that both geometric motifs and engraved animal silhouettes in northern Australia are contemporary with the flowering of European Palaeolithic art during the Magdalenian (for Dampier, see Lorblanchet 1988, 286; for Laura, see Rosenfeld 1981, 12, 53).

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Carter, Tristan, Daniel A. Contreras, Justin Holcomb, Danica D. Mihailović, Panagiotis Karkanas, Guillaume Guérin, Ninon Taffin, Dimitris Athanasoulis, and Christelle Lahaye. "Earliest occupation of the Central Aegean (Naxos), Greece: Implications for hominin and Homo sapiens’ behavior and dispersals." Science Advances 5, no. 10 (October 2019): eaax0997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aax0997.

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We present evidence of Middle Pleistocene activity in the central Aegean Basin at the chert extraction and reduction complex of Stelida (Naxos, Greece). Luminescence dating places ~9000 artifacts in a stratigraphic sequence from ~13 to 200 thousand years ago (ka ago). These artifacts include Mousterian products, which arguably provide first evidence for Neanderthals in the region. This dated material attests to a much earlier history of regional exploration than previously believed, opening the possibility of alternative routes into Southeast Europe from Anatolia (and Africa) for (i) hominins, potentially during sea level lowstands (e.g., Marine Isotope Stage 8) permitting terrestrial crossings across the Aegean, and (ii) Homo sapiens of the Early Upper Paleolithic (Aurignacian), conceivably by sea.

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Schürch, Benjamin, Stefan Wettengl, Simon Fröhle, Nicholas Conard, and Patrick Schmidt. "The origin of chert in the Aurignacian of Vogelherd Cave investigated by infrared spectroscopy." PLOS ONE 17, no. 8 (August 17, 2022): e0272988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0272988.

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The analyses of raw material provenance offers the possibility of tracing short and long-distance raw material transport. So far, most studies of raw material of flint and chert in Europe have been based on macroscopic analyses. We apply infrared spectroscopy to Aurignacian assemblages from Vogelherd cave and to the Magdalenian site Randecker Maar in southwestern Germany. We compare raw material samples from three chert-bearing areas in Germany with archaeological samples from Vogelherd. Our results show that infrared spectroscopy can distinguish between different raw materials. Our archaeological samples from Vogelherd correspond to the sampled geological cherts in terms of their spectral signature. Our comparison of reference samples and archaeological samples highlights problems in commonly used macroscopic identifications of chert raw materials.

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Doyon, Luc. "The cultural trajectories of Aurignacian osseous projectile points in Southern Europe: Insights from geometric morphometrics." Quaternary International 551 (June 2020): 63–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2018.12.010.

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Hoffecker, John F., Vance T. Holliday, V. N. Stepanchuk, and S. N. Lisitsyn. "The hunting of horse and the problem of the Aurignacian on the central plain of Eastern Europe." Quaternary International 492 (October 2018): 53–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2018.05.044.

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Porter, Samantha Thi, Morgan Roussel, and Marie Soressi. "A Simple Photogrammetry Rig for the Reliable Creation of 3D Artifact Models in the Field." Advances in Archaeological Practice 4, no. 1 (February 2016): 71–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.7183/2326-3768.4.1.71.

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AbstractThree-dimensional (3D) artifact modeling is becoming an increasingly utilized tool in archaeology. In comparison with other methods of 3D scanning, photogrammetry has the benefits of being relatively inexpensive, mobile, and more adaptable for use in field conditions. As part of a larger project to document variability in lithic production systems across the Middle to Upper Paleolithic Transition in Western Europe, we developed a photography rig for the express purpose of systematically capturing images for the creation of 3D photogrammetric models. This low-cost rig greatly streamlines both the photo-taking and post-processing stages of model creation. Additional tips relating to the coating of difficult-to-capture objects with a mineral spray are also provided. Three-dimensional models of lithic cores from the Châtelperronian, Protoaurignacian, and Early Aurignacian levels of the site of Les Cottés (France) are presented as examples of the quality of model that can be produced using this system.

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Schmidt, Isabell, and Andreas Zimmermann. "Population dynamics and socio-spatial organization of the Aurignacian: Scalable quantitative demographic data for western and central Europe." PLOS ONE 14, no. 2 (February 13, 2019): e0211562. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0211562.

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Teyssandier, Nicolas, and João Zilhão. "On the Entity and Antiquity of the Aurignacian at Willendorf (Austria): Implications for Modern Human Emergence in Europe." Journal of Paleolithic Archaeology 1, no. 2 (January 25, 2018): 107–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s41982-017-0004-4.

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Tejero, José-Miguel. "Towards complexity in osseous raw material exploitation by the first anatomically modern humans in Europe: Aurignacian antler working." Journal of Anthropological Archaeology 36 (December 2014): 72–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaa.2014.08.004.

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Péan, Stéphane, Simon Puaud, Laurent Crépin, Sandrine Prat, Anita Quiles, Johannes van der Plicht, Hélène Valladas, et al. "The Middle to Upper Paleolithic Sequence of Buran-Kaya III (Crimea, Ukraine): New Stratigraphic, Paleoenvironmental, and Chronological Results." Radiocarbon 55, no. 3 (2013): 1454–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033822200048384.

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Buran-Kaya III is a rockshelter located in Crimea (Ukraine). It provides an exceptional stratigraphic sequence extending from the Middle Paleolithic to the Neolithic. Nine Paleolithic layers have been attributed to the Streletskaya or eastern Szeletian, Micoquian, Aurignacian, Gravettian, and Swiderian cultural traditions. Human remains from the richest Gravettian layer (6-1) are radiocarbon dated to 31.9 ka BP, and therefore represent, with Peştera cu Oase (Romania), one of the oldest anatomically modern humans in Europe. The aim of this study is to obtain a controlled stratigraphic sequence of Buran-Kaya III with new 14C dates from faunal and human bones, in their paleoenvironmental context. During our new excavations (2009–2011), sediments, bones, and teeth from the stratigraphical layers were sampled for sedimentological, geochemical, and 14C analyses. Fossil bones from the 2001 excavations were also analyzed. Accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) 14C dating, including cross-dating, was performed at Groningen, Saclay/Gif-sur-Yvette, and Oxford. Biogeochemical analysis was used to test the integrity of the bone collagen. Dates were modeled using a Bayesian approach. The sedimentological, paleoenvironmental, and chronological data are mutually consistent and show that the Paleolithic human occupations at Buran-Kaya III range from the end of MIS 3 to early MIS 1. These results provide a new chronological and paleoenvironmental framework for the human settlements in eastern Europe during the late Middle and the Upper Paleolithic.

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Shunkov, M. V., A. Y. Fedorchenko, and M. B. Kozlikin. "Early Upper Paleolithic Tubular Beads from the Main Chamber of Denisova Cave." Archaeology, Ethnology & Anthropology of Eurasia 51, no. 4 (January 3, 2024): 3–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.17746/1563-0110.2023.51.4.003-014.

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The authors present the results of a technological and functional analysis of bone tubular beads from the Upper Paleolithic layer 11 in the Main Chamber of Denisova Cave, northwestern Altai. Tubular beads are among the most widespread categories of Early Upper Paleolithic ornaments from the cave. The technological sequence of operations has been reconstructed. It included several stages: selection of blank, planing, manufacture of preform by truncating the epiphyses, ornamenting the preform, marking preforms for fracturing into short tubes, sawing or cutting, fragmentation by cuts, removal of cancellous bone, and smoothing the fracture surfaces. Prepared blanks and diagnostic production waste were not noted in the technological context of the complex; this indicates that the tubular beads were probably manufactured outside the excavated area of the Main Chamber. The analyses revealed traces of wear caused by contact with clothing or human skin and by threading on a string or thin strap. Tubular beads were used by the Upper Paleolithic inhabitants of the cave as elements of clothing, necklaces, and probably bracelets. The closest but still considerably distant parallels to the tubular beads from the Altai are Aurignacian ornaments of a similar age from Western, Central, and Eastern Europe.

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Szmidt, Carolyn C., Laurent Brou, and Luc Jaccottey. "Direct radiocarbon (AMS) dating of split-based points from the (Proto)Aurignacian of Trou de la Mère Clochette, Northeastern France. Implications for the characterization of the Aurignacian and the timing of technical innovations in Europe." Journal of Archaeological Science 37, no. 12 (December 2010): 3320–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jas.2010.08.001.

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Laroulandie, Véronique, Eugène Morin, Marie-Cécile Soulier, and Jean-Christophe Castel. "Bird procurement by humans during the Middle and early Upper Paleolithic of Europe: New data for the Aurignacian of southwestern France." Quaternary International 543 (March 2020): 16–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2020.03.034.

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Tejero, José-Miguel, and Stefano Grimaldi. "Assessing bone and antler exploitation at Riparo Mochi (Balzi Rossi, Italy): implications for the characterization of the Aurignacian in South-western Europe." Journal of Archaeological Science 61 (September 2015): 59–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jas.2015.05.003.

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Tartar, Elise. "The recognition of a new type of bone tools in Early Aurignacian assemblages: implications for understanding the appearance of osseous technology in Europe." Journal of Archaeological Science 39, no. 7 (July 2012): 2348–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jas.2012.02.003.

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Лада, А. Р., А. А. Бессуднов, Р. Диннис, and А. А. Синицын. "DEVELOPMENT PHASES OF THE MICROLITHIC TECHNOLOGY IN THE EARLY UPPER PALEOLITHIC OF KOSTENKI." Краткие сообщения Института археологии (КСИА), no. 270 (March 1, 2023): 116–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.25681/iaras.0130-2620.270.116-133.

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В статье представлены результаты технико-типологического анализа негеометрических микролитов стоянок ранней поры верхнего палеолита Костёнковско-Борщевского района. В ходе исследования была установлена связь между определенными видами негеометрических микролитов и выделенными на основании стратиграфической корреляции и радиоуглеродного возраста тремя группами памятников, соответствующими нижней гумусированной толще, уровню вулканического пепла и верхней части верхней гумусированной толщи. На всех трех хронологических этапах негеометрические микролиты имели сходство и/или представлены непосредственно ориньякскими sensu lato типами, демонстрируя при этом определенные локальные особенности. Детальное описание микролитов памятников Костёнок позволило рассмотреть их в контексте синхронных памятников Юго-Западной Франции и Восточной Европы. This article presents the results of the typological analysis of Early Upper Paleolithic non-geometric microliths from the Kostenki site cluster. A relationship is evident between certain types of microlith and the age of different Kostenki sites, as determined by stratigraphic correlation and radiocarbon dating. Three chronological groups correspond to a) the Lower Humic Bed, b) the level of Campanian Ignimbrite tephra, and c) the upper part of the Upper Humic Bed. In all three groups, non-geometric microliths matched or showed similarities with Aurignacian sensu lato types, as well as demonstrated some local features. During this study, criteria for the definition of some microlith types were reconsidered, and certain types were distinguished for the first time. The suggested model of diachronic change of Early Upper Paleolithic microlithic technologies at Kostenki allows comparison with contemporaneous sites in Southwestern France and Eastern Europe.

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Szmidt, Carolyn C., Christian Normand, George S. Burr, Greg W. L. Hodgins, and Sarah LaMotta. "AMS 14C dating the Protoaurignacian/Early Aurignacian of Isturitz, France. Implications for Neanderthal–modern human interaction and the timing of technical and cultural innovations in Europe." Journal of Archaeological Science 37, no. 4 (April 2010): 758–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jas.2009.11.006.

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Goutas, Nejma, and José-Miguel Tejero. "Osseous technology as a reflection of chronological, economic and sociological aspects of Palaeolithic hunter-gatherers: Examples from key Aurignacian and Gravettian sites in South-West Europe." Quaternary International 403 (June 2016): 79–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2015.11.143.

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Libois, Timothée. "Molodovo V (Ukraine): spatial and contextual study of Gravettian levels 10, 9 & 8." Materials and studies on archaeology of Sub-Carpathian and Volhynian area 25 (December 28, 2021): 11–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.33402/mdapv.2021-25-11-39.

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Molodovo V is one of Ukraine’s key-sites for the Middle and Upper Palaeolithic. Since its excavation in the 1950’s and 1960’s, this sequence has been a cornerstone for the chrono-cultural framework in the Dniestr valley and adjacent areas. The site is also an important contributor to the issue of the Gravettian emergence. With radiocarbon dates around 29–28 ka uncal BP, its cultural levels 10 and 9 stand as the first Gravettian occurrence in this region, and as one of the earliest in Europe. However, this early presence of the Gravettian is relatively questionable, as it is challenged by the late Aurignacian presence in the neighbouring site of Mitoc-Malu Galben (Romania) which extends until 27.7 ka BP. Despite the consistency of the sedimentary and paleoenvironmental studies at Molodovo V, the archaeological artefacts did not benefit from extensive studies since the excavations – except for typological classification. This paper thus aims at clarifying the association of the lithic materials with the sedimentary stratigraphy and associated dates. Three types of analyses have been realized to check the conditions in which the cultural levels 10, 9 and 8 were excavated, labelled and attributed: a spatial analysis of the lithic artefacts, a refit analysis focused on inter-levels connexions and a spatial study of the position of the Upper Palaeolithic combustion features. Consequently, it appears that most artefacts from levels 10 and 9, and a majority of materials from level 8, are not reliably associated to the sedimentary stratigraphy and dates. Thus, there is no ascertained Gravettian presence in Molodovo V before its level 8, imprecisely dated between 27.000 and 25.000 uncal BP. Key words: Upper Palaeolithic, Gravettian, Ukraine, spatial analysis.

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