Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Augustin (0354-0430 ; saint) – Influence'
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Bermon, Emmanuel. "Le cogito dans la pensée de saint Augustin." Paris 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA010533.
Full textFor descartes, the Augustinian view of the cogito amounted to an inference that could have been the work of anyone ; and that should have led its author to purely theological speculation which as such, were outside of the field of philosophy. For Husserl, it was Augustine himself who first made certain the indubitability of the ego cogito. This assurance however, played for him hardly anything but the part of an argument against sceptics : the new turning point is outlined with Descartes owing to the fact that he transforms the anti-sceptic conclusion of a simple counter-argument into a theoretical verifications. Nevertheless, do these interpretations, which were founded on the text from city of God, in which the famous "si enim fallor, sum" appears, stand up to examination of book 10 of The Trinity, in which augustine brings forth a much more thorough analysis of the cogito ?
Dupire, David. "Bossuet et Saint Augustin d'après les Oeuvres oratoires." Paris 4, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA040081.
Full textFirstly we must examine the influence of the rhetorical theory from saint Augustine's de Doctrina christiana. No longer does the eloquence of the Ancients suffice for explaining the truth of Revelation. Philosophy must give way through prayer to Divine Wisdom as a desireable object in order to convert the listener - this Wisdom enlightens the Bible (ideas no longer come from appearances) and makes ciceronian beauty into a servant, even to sacrificing its purity. Bossuet takes this fundamental humanistic notion in its tridentine sense, and places the accent on vehemence, sometimes imitating the praecher of Hippo - who recommends that one plunge into the inspired authors -, while wavering between a more primitive and a more ciceronian style. Culture and the Unapproachable meet : call it a dialogue between creatures and their Savior, and thus we pass to the Augustinian doctrine of Justification. Bossuet shows us in the first place that Adam's exiled children, in full responsability (through free will, retained intact after the fall), can persevere in the battle against all evil desire, which tries to find rest where it cannot be found. And yet human corruption is such that efficient grace is needed to activate ordinary talents in our lives. This grace is an infallible agent, desireable in itself, that leads to a true acceptance, but supposes predestination of a restrained group, while not positing sins nor denying redemption for all, without exception. Fear of damnation, therefore, does not have the last word. Who ever seeks shall not lose the reward : the Free Gift comes before our least merit and adds to itself freely. And there will be other graces in a chain, unless we refuse them. The one (who receive) will persevere, and is a present sign that supreme grace will be given him, that he is one of the elect. Bossuet and his teacher go this far : divine liberty and human freedom are joined, beyond whatever we can say or understand in human language
Möri, Frédéric. "La question de l'âme et la question de Dieu dans les premiers dialogues d'Augustin d'Hippone : naissance d'une philosophie de l'image." Paris, EPHE, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002EPHE5023.
Full textThis thesis concerns the first dialogues written by Augustine of Hippo (De beata vita, Contra Academicos, De ordine). We have demonstrated that in those works Augustine exposes the method he will follow and the purpose he will chase in the De Trinitate. The central interrogation of the studying cursus he exposes in his early works is actually centered around two questions : the fist concerns the nature of God. For him the man can live the happiness in resolving this double problem. These early texts are yet spiritual exercises that are supposed to impose and to legitimise the double philosophical interrogation, and that give some elements that show a solution : the soul must know herself as an image of a principle she is not. This Philosophy of image is in line with the neoplatonical tradition. But we have shown that this Philosophy is quite far from Plotin. The influence of Marius Victorinus has been determining, and this spiritual and intellectual project reminds the conception of the Christian Philosophy that Clement of Alexandria had defended in the second century. In fact Augustine has not made himself the synthesis between the neoplatonical and the Christian traditions, but has followed the way that Clement and Victorinus had opened before him. We have demonstrated that Augustine had not invented the modern self, or the modern subject. On the contrary, he considers the soul as an image of what she is not (God), and never as an absolute being, like his Christian predecessors. This way of understanding the first dialogues proposes a key for considering the augustinian Thought as it is : the thought of a man born in the middle of the fourth century ; and a key for reading his most important texts as they were probably supposed to be read : as spiritual exercises
Pic, Alain. "Augustin et Cicéron dans le "De civitate Dei V,9 : l'athéisme et la question de la prédestination et de la grâce." Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001STR20063.
Full textGueydier, Thomas. "L'Augustin de François de Sales." Thesis, Tours, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019TOUR2003.
Full textFrancis of Sales’ Augustine is a “digested” one. Following Montaigne, the bishop of Geneva freely adopts the Doctor of Grace’s works. More precisely, he integrates it in the threefold dialogue he maintains with Protestants, humanists and mystics at the twilight of the Renaissance, making not only rapprochements, particulary expected after a century of theological quarrels, but also clear-cut breaks and several overruns. To achieve such assimilation, the author of the Introduction to the Devout Life draws on theological and mystical tradition that gives a central place to the bishop of Hippo. He prepares too the coming decades that will be marked by the literary Augustinism of moralists and the famous quarrel of pure love. It goes without saying that this proximity of Francis of Sales with the pessimistic author of The City of God conveys an image that severs with the optimism he is usually associated with
Guerbet, Marine. "Thomas d'Aquin et le Manichéisme." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Paris sciences et lettres, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UPSLP007.
Full textThomas Aquinas may have had many reasons to be interested in Manichaeism. The 13th century was the time of the Cathars, considered in a sense as "neo-Manichaeans"; Thomas also sometimes mentions dualist "contemporary heretics" whom he brings closer to and distinguishes from the ancient Manichaeans, and even speaks of a Cathar author. Manichaeism is very important in the patristic tradition, especially Augustinian, taken up by Aquinas. Finally, the issues linked to Manichaeism are among the most important in philosophy: the first principle, evil, freedom, the body and so on. Yet this theme has never been studied for its own sake, even though allusions to Thomas's connection with the Manichaeans and Cathars are regular in the writings of scholars.This thesis studies Manichaeism in the works of Thomas Aquinas through its 250 explicit occurrences and numerous other indirect mentions, comparing it with his predecessors since the dawn of the 13th century. How does Thomas identify and refute the major Manichaean theses? And why is he interested in Manichaeism? Was it a current that was still active and that he directly opposed? Was it a patristic heritage that he used for theological reflection? A conceptual issue used to structure his thought?The study shows that Manichaeism is seen as a coherent whole by St Thomas, but that this coherence needs to be reconstructed on the basis of questions treated separately in his work. The issues are varied, as Manichaeism is above all a "figure of thought", taken from the Church Fathers, which he uses for speculative purposes. Thomas knows the contemporary Cathars well, but doesn't seem to have much interest in them.To counter Manichaeism, Thomas Aquinas generally takes up St. Augustine and the Fathers, but substitutes the philosophy employed by Augustine with one that owes much to Aristotle, notably on the first principle, the nature and cause of evil, the place of the body and passions in man, the analysis of choice, natural inclinations and habitus in relation to the goodness of man and his actions. But above all, the concepts and theses developed in response to Manichaeism are developed first and foremost in response to problems that are different from and of greater interest to Manichaeism: responding to distorted interpretations of Aristotle, countering those who attack the legitimacy of beggars, or simply finding a more balanced response to important philosophical and/or theological problems, concerning the body or human action for example. This study also shows how, on many points, Thomas evolves his thinking thanks to an in-depth reading of Aristotle and Augustine: he integrates new theses and analyses from the latter to transform his own theology.It is undoubtedly in the place he accords to the flesh and the consistency of the natural order that he differs most from Augustine, and that he responds most directly to a theological, spiritual and cultural context that has given rise to a resurgence of Gnostic movements. The challenge is not to flee the world, but to restore it in all its dimensions and return it to itself. Augustine spoke of sin and redemption, two fundamental keys to explaining how evil entered the world and how it leaves it; beings are not evil by their very nature, but insofar as they corrupt themselves. However, it is Aristotle who enables Thomas to give a concrete account of the goodness of nature and its dynamisms, which have not been destroyed by sin, by giving greater honor to what belongs to the body
Vasco, Nathalie. "Descartes et Saint-Augustin." Paris 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA010516.
Full textDi, Carlo Stefania. "Saint Augustin témoin du manichéisme dans les "Confessions"." Bordeaux 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997BOR30014.
Full textAugustine, hippo regius' bishop, agreed to manichean church for nine year. Received the baptism he started to fight this religion. His evidence is precious for us but, at the same time, he is polemic. So, the aim of thesis it's to compare the exposition of augustine, as his criticism, to the data we have, that is the direct documents and the indirect sources. 1- "from agreement to breakage" : the situation of manichean' africa in the four century (extension, organization, persecution, etc. ), the circumstances of augustine' agreement and his breakage. 2- "l'onto-theology" : a) the god question (his nature, characteristics, creation) ; b) the evil question (nature ? origin ?) : comparison between the manichean thesis and augustinian thesis ; c) the beauty and the order question. 3- "the dogmatic theology" : a) the creation and the sun and moon constitution among the manicheistes ; b) the christology (the questions about the virgin's birth, the christo's different figures) and the dogma of incarnation ; c) the trinitarian theology ( the manichean trinity, the paraclete). 4- "the moral theology" : a) the question of the absolute and of the relative in the moral law (the ancient reflection about the natural and positive law) ; b) the importance of ascetic spirituality. 5- "the holy writings theology" : a) the manichean thesis (about the creation, divinity, refusal of observances) ; b) the augustine answers (the allegory and the typology). The conclusion aim to emphasize the disputes around two axles : the jesus' divinity and the contuinity between the two testaments; it evidence the proceedings of polemic among a man that, maybe, hasn't completly denied his past
Dupuy, Trudelle Sophie. "L'intellectualisme de Saint Augustin à Cassiciacum : étude des trois premiers dialogues." Paris 4, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA040092.
Full textAt the heart of the conjectures involving the doctrinal constituents of saint Augustine's conversion, his first texts have often been put to contribution. By reversing the perspective with which scholars have traditionally looked at them, we have considered them as ends of their own. Focused on Cassiciacum tryptique (Contra academicos, De beata vita, De ordine), this work attempts to trace back the inner experience that provides meaning to the different sources which irrigate it. This method, guarding against the temptation of retrospective interpretation, and considering the texts in their wholeness, highlights an intellectualism from which saint Augustine’s first steps towards Catholicism draw their meaning. Not only do we find in the Contra academicos a historical account encompassing academics skepticism within Platonism, and Platonism within Christianism but we assist to a powerful argumentation leading to the idea that the mind must be considered as an act. The fact that this assertion of the mind is also supported by an ontological thirst can be clearly seen as early as in de De beata vita. But this thirst is grasped from the rational experience itself because of the reciprocity between being and truth which provides the ground to the so called Augustine’s first "trinitary" analysis. The De ordine, based on the neo-platonician transposition of the stoic dynamism of the substance, shall confirm the importance of the rationality in the soul's ability to accede to god. In Cassiciacum, the rational endeavor is the crucible for ethics and ontology: it implies warding off the sensible and an essential restoration. That is to say that an ontological dependence is rot incompatible with an intellectualistic optimism. Well anchored into the experience of the soul's reality and powers, symbolized by the ancient figure of the wise man, it is indeed this optimism which presides over the elevation towards god
Zue, Obiang Eric Simon. "La question de l'éducation chez Saint Augustin." Poitiers, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007POIT5006.
Full textEducation is to the soul what food and medicine are to the body. It is a benefit and a cure for spiritual and social well-being. For Augustine, if two types of men are to be distinguished, “the first lives according to man’s precepts, the second according to God's”, this is simply to highlight the paradox that man himself creates himself when desire, an essentially positive attribute, becomes greed by way of pride. This paradox is particularly marked when Augustine affirms the goodness of the nature of the devil “in as much as it is natural, it is therefore not evil: it is its wickedness which makes it bad. ” And the fact that man is in opposition to himself does not mean that education also is in opposition to itself since, man “is bad, he is not a teacher; if he is a teacher, he isn’t bad”, since “evil is not a subject to be taught” and “a discipline entails on the learning of worthwhile things”
Lee, Eun jin. "La querelle de la vertu des païens : l’augustinisme entre interprétations et controverses : François de La Mothe Le Vayer, Antoine Arnauld, Jacques Esprit, François de La Rochefoucauld, Madame de Sablé et Madame de La Fayette (1641-1678)." Thesis, Tours, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019TOUR2017.
Full textIs the knowledge of unique God enough to be saved? Or is natural light enough to be virtuous? Theanswer diverges according to doctrines. This divergence had caused many religious quarrels. Begun with Augustin and Pélage, the controversies had continued for centuries. In the 17th century, conflicts had been increasing between the Augustinians and the Jesuits. In this troubled context, the quarrel of Pagans' virtue is triggered.In 1641, François de La Mothe Le Vayer, while approaching the Jesuits, published De la vertu des païens so as to refute the Augustinian doctrine which consists in announcing that "the virtues of Pagans are only vices and their best actions are real sins". To reject this idea, he defended Pagans while praising them and describing their virtues as illustrious. According to him, many Pagans had come to the natural knowledge of a supremely good God. As a result, God, through his grace, incarnated to give salvation to all human beings.To refute the doctrine of La Mothe Le Vayer, Antoine Arnauld wrote De la nécessité de la foi en Jésus Christ pour être sauvé. In his book, he stated that the knowledge of unique God alone was sufficient before the fall of Adam. Since the original sin, fallen and weakened human beings, must not only believe in God but also in Jesus Christ to obtain eternal life. Pagans did not know the Redeemer. Thus, they will all be damned regardless of their virtues because without faith in Jesus Christ, no one can be virtuous and no one can be saved.The quarrel intensified in the middle of the century, while being spread in secular circles. In fact, it led to global debates. While drawing inspiration from this controversy, Jacques Esprit and François de La Rochefoucauld exploited their talent as writers to illustrate Arnauld's position in their works. As for scholar and precious women, Madame de Sablé and Madame de La Fayette tried to moderate the debates and to express a balanced vision between theology and society.However, a problematic arises: what are the issues of the quarrel of Pagans’ virtue? Moreover, how did this quarrel invade the literary and social world throughout the second half of the 17th century?
Bouton-Touboulic, Anne-Isabelle. "L'ordre caché : la notion d'ordre chez Saint Augustin." Paris 4, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA040174.
Full textFontanier, Jean-Michel. "De pulchro et apto : du beau selon saint Augustin." Paris 4, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA040046.
Full textMy pupose is to do a synoptic analysis of the augustinian theory of beauty, and therefore answer the abrupt question in book 4 of the confessions : "quid est pulchritudo?". After a short study of the treatise de pulchro et apto initiating the augustinian thought on the subject (chapter i), followed by a necessary search for the meaning of three key-synonymo us terms (species, forma, decor decus) within the semantic field covered by the referential word pulchritudo (chapter ii ), we proceed both analogically and anagogically. Starting from the study of the definitions, or at least of the criteri a, that leads us to the understanding of the uery nature of sensible beauty (chapter iii), we establish whether it is possible to transfer them into the field of the intelligible that includes the soul, and especially to apply them to man , this mixture of sensible and intelligible (chapter iv). This will lead us to the very principle whence all created beauty is drawn : god who will successively be considered in his trinitarian structure (chapter v) and according to the forma given to him by the son (chapter vi). We make finally ours the problem that the augustinian text raised prior to the initial question : "num amamus aliquid nisi pulchrum" (chapter vii)
Moiseeva, Evgenia. "La notion de volonté selon saint Augustin." Paris, EPHE, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014EPHE5011.
Full textThe dissertation presents the first comprehensive study of the formation of the concept of voluntas in St. Augustine's thought from 387/388 to the time of writing of Confessions' Book VIII. We follow the chronological order, when possible, in order to highlight different steps in the developement of Augustine's vision of the will. The first part analyses the place of the concept of will in philosophical and christian traditions predating Augustine, as well as in Manichaeism. We seek, on the one hand, to establish Augustine's debt to his predecessors, and, on the other hand, to show the novelty of Augustine's concept of voluntas. The second part is devoted to Augustine's early works where the concept of the will emerges as essential for understanding of the origin and nature of evil. The third part shows the role of anti-manichaean polemic plays in the development of the concept of voluntas. Several issues are addressed here : the definition of voluntas as the movement ; the will as an argument against the theory of two souls ; the concepts of repentance and the bad habit. The fourth parth analyses a set of treatises devoted to the explanation of the Epistles to the Romans and to the Galatians and the commentary on the Beatitudes of Matthew to highlight the role of Scripture in the development of the concept of will ; the notion of delectatio is also studied, according to a chronological approach, as a decisive element illuminating Augustine's idea of the will. The part is concluded by an examination of the concept of voluntas as exposed in Confessions' Book VIII
Vareille, Agnès. "Testa Inbuta ou L'écriture polyphonique : les textes classiques comme substrat de l'écriture et de la pensée dans La Cité de Dieu de saint Augustin." Rouen, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ROUEL028.
Full textThis work intends to study classical sources in Augustine's City of God with a poetic approach. More precisely, it examines the visible traces of that culture in which the works of Cicero, Varro, Sallust and Virgil prevail. That perspective leads in the first place to deal with the quotation, a notion which is defined as textual alterity, and as the simultaneous presence of two utterance. In a second part, the quotations are analyzed in close relationship with the context in which they are embedded, in which they integrate and allow secondary voices to rise, thus cerating a polyphony serving the work's apologetic design. All the classical borrowings and the possible references produce a fertile substrate which interweaves coherent intratextual links in the work under analysis and partakes in the organization of the discourse. This is the focus of inquiry in the last part of the study which first dwells on the figure of the utterer who is in charge of a discursive polyphony which is all the more efficient as it discloses or hides its sources. The study shows, to finish with, how the Augustinian text develops a new form of philosophical dialogue based on an internalized and dramatized dialogue which takes advantage of the ambivalences in classical texts in order to come to the conclusion, at least in part, that pagan philosophy is an aporia. The study also comprises a list of classical quotations embedded in their new context and philological comments
Antoni, Gérald. "La prière chez saint Augustin." Paris 4, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA040132.
Full textThis thesis called Augustinian prayer doesn't consist in an explanation about saint Augustine’s spirituality, but it investigates this spirituality according to three points of view straight linked themselves: linguistic, inter-subjective and ontological. Three questions are brought up: what is the part of prayer according to this Augustinian philosophy of expression in which linguistic sign is just an indication of sense and human power of speech remains stammering toward ineffable essence of god? Who is the real speaker in the relation of prayer? Augustinism developps a link of spiritual dialogue between human soul and god. But on another part, the philosophy of "interior magister" aims at dispossessing human subject off his own speaking so that praying becomes the echo, in soul, of an initial discourse, the expression by the verb of the essence of the father (this is praise), of the human fall as well (this is confession). The third question is straight involved: does prayer proceed only from the human subject's natural psychology, from his own affectivity and anguish, or does it belong to an ontological participation of soul to Trinitarian and hypostatic relation? By the way of this research about a particular type of discourse, the prayer, we aim at clearing up the articulation between theology of verb an philosophy of language in Augustinism
Curbelié, Philippe. "La Justice dans la cité de Dieu." Paris : Institut d'études augustiniennes, 2004. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb39917240v.
Full textGénelle, Gérard. "La vie économique et sociale dans l'Afrique romaine tardive d'après les sermons de saint Augustin." Paris 10, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA100008.
Full textFar from theological consideration, a new study of St Augustine permitted us to discover the secular world in Africa from the end of the C 4th to the beginning of the next one. This is the aim of this work which is based in the realia of the daily life studied by the bishop both to develop ethic considerations and to illustrate biblical texts. The historical interest of the sermons is related to the pragmatic dimension and acute observation that characterize Augustine so well. How could it be different if he aimed at being understood by his audience ? Based on the daily examples used in his metaphors, three research fields have been favoured. First, the financial aspect helped us understand how deeply aware were Augustine contemporaries of the realities, compared to historians for whom the reconstitution task revealed itself difficult because of the importance of ellipsis. Then the sermons revealed a quest of the upper social status which implied some mobility in a society often considered as rigid and which tended to be a class divided one. Finally, Augustine often referred to agriculture, the foundation of economical system of that period. This representation far from being complete reveals the atmosphere of a society which felt the symptoms of a crisis but which remained closer to the antique world rather than to the medieval one
Ruf-Fraissinet, Valérie. "L’illustration de La Cité de Dieu de saint Augustin, dans sa traduction française par Raoul de Presles, à Paris à la fin du Moyen Âge : les manuscrits attribués à Maître François." Thesis, Paris 10, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA100133.
Full textThe City of God, commissioned by Charles V and completed around 1375 by Raoul de Presles, is an important reference to the late Middle Ages. The iconography of three manuscripts illustrated by the Parisian illuminator Maître François, in the last third of the fifteenth century (Paris, BNF, fr 18-19;. Paris, Bibl Sainte-Geneviève, 246 ms;. The Hague, Meermanno-Westreenianum Museum 10 a 11 and Nantes, Biblio. munic., 8 ms), delivers a particularly interesting light on how this text could be read. After a preliminary chapter recalling the role of the De Civitate Dei in medieval thought, the first part analyzes how the first French translation with matching commentaries inflects the Augustinian text toward an encyclopaedic and political dimension. However its illustrated tradition, between 1375 and 1370, reveals the particular modalities of appropriation by the laity. The second part focuses on the corpus. Their historical and codicological presentation established, the study seeks to define the coherence of the common cycle to the three witnesses in a text and image rapport; and to establish the uniqueness of the codex The Hague-Nantes whose completeness deepens the respective share of the translation and commentaries, but also other textual sources in the design of the illustration .The third part addresses the issue of the processes involved and models used by the artist to realise this complex imaging; and this analysis can detect the influence of the sponsor in the development of the "unicum" and its appropriation of the text. The City of God then became an emblem, a "mirror of the prince" and therefore the chosen series heralds the end of tradition illustrated text
Touchard-Issaev, Séverine. "La structure de la phrase dans les Vingt-six sermons au peuple d'Afrique d'Augustin d'Hippone." Lille 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005LIL30013.
Full textKouam, Michel. "Theologie et esthetique : recherche du beau et montee vers dieu d'apres les confessions de saint augustin." Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988STR20050.
Full textGiraud, Vincent. "La condition herméneutique : signification et manifestation dans la pensée de Saint Augustin." Bordeaux 3, 2010. https://extranet.u-bordeaux-montaigne.fr/memoires/diffusion.php?nnt=2010BOR30088.
Full textBertalot, Sylvaine. "La parabole du bon grain et de l'ivraie dans la pensée de saint Augustin (Les confessions - la cité de Dieu)." Bordeaux 3, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BOR30026.
Full textVannier, Marie-Anne. "Creatio, conversio, formatio chez Saint Augustin." Paris 4, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA040133.
Full textAugustine's understanding of creation is crystalized by the scheme creatio, conversio, formatio. Its novelty does not only come from Augustine’s experience, but also from the strength of his thought which, through this scheme, knew how to open the main lines of his "ontologie theologale": thus the two parts of this work. The first follows the genesis of this scheme in Augustine’s life: the discovery of the reality of creation in a framework where the idea does not exist: neoplatonism, the use of this idea during anti-manichaean controversy, the understanding, through hexaemeron, of the undissociable bond between creatio and formatio. After having put the scheme in its context, we have studied, in a second part, each of its component, as they appear in the five genesis' commentaries : the free gift of being by the creator (including creation de nihilo), the constitution of human being by the conversion, which supposes the use of freedom (which is also represented by the attitude of consciousness towards time), the realization of human being by formatio, a reality which Augustine does not exactly define, but that he suggests by the metaphors of illumination and of rest in god. Thus he outlines his "ontologie theologale", but without…
Aydin, Mehmet. "Saint Augustin et Léon Tolstoi͏̈ : confesser en philosophant ?" Paris 8, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA082331.
Full textTolstoy described his mental anguish and spiritual suffering in his search for the meaning of life in A Confession. He searched for an answer in the writings of theologians, philosophers an scientists but found little to help him there. Finally the peasants gave him the answer he was searching for. Tolstoy's inner conflicts are often unresolved, sometimes even cousing tragic consequences. He perceived reality in its multiplicity, as a collection of separate entities round and into which he saw with a clarity and penetration scarcely ever equalled, but he believed only in on vast, unitary whole. Tolstoy attempted, though without complet complete success, to make his own actions conform to his new beliefs. Tolstoy's philosophy of history has, on the whole, not obtained the attention which it deserves, whether as an intrinsically interesting view or as an occurrence in the history of ideas, or aven as an element in the development of Tolstoy himself
Massie, Alban. "Le peuple juif nation prophétique et peuple témoin de la vérité dans le "Contra Faustum manichaeum" d'Augustin d'Hippone." Paris, EPHE, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010EPHE5006.
Full textIn “Contra Faustum manichaeum”, Augustine exposes for the first time his theology of the Jewish people as a prophetic nation and a witness people (ch. 1). This theology is included in the defense of the classical apologetical " proof by prophecy " which Augustine justifies from the figurative exegesis of the Old Testament, understood as the prediction of the New Testament. The thesis shows that the “capitula” of Faustus the Manichean, at the origin of the opus, inherit from the Manichean prophetology which excludes patriarchs of Judaism from the chain of prophets of the truth which ends in Mani, the “seal of the prophets” (ch. 2). We resume the exegetical and theological apprenticeship of Augustine which leads him, from “De moribus to Contra Faustum”, to recognize the singular and paradigmatic character of the Jewish people (ch. 3). The analysis of figures involving the Jewish people in the treaty shows the originality of the Augustinian interpretation the characters of Cain and Cham, symbols of the Jewish people: he has been punished and becames a slave of his brothers or “scriniarius”, librarian of the Christians (ch. 4). The interpretation of some biblical sentences (Mt 5, 17; Jn 1, 17; 1 Co 10, 6. 11; Rm 9-11) establishes the principle of the spiritual exegesis of Augustine. The thesis ends in the elaboration of a theology of the Jewish people in Augustine who takes into account the unfinished aspect of the ecclesial life, and can lead to speak about the people Jewish as a sacramental reality, which belongs to the Christian life
Kursawe, Barbara. "Docere, delectare, movere die officia oratoris bei Augustinus in Rhetorik und Gnadenlehre /." Paderborn ; München ; Wien [etc.] : F. Schöningh, 2000. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37651848v.
Full textBardyn, Christophe. "Montaigne, la politique et la religion : le moyenneur de la paix." Paris, EHESS, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012EHES0118.
Full textThe aim of this work was to determine Montaigne's position in the midst of the civil and religious wars of his time. We took for granted that, in this context, political commitment could not be separated from religious concern. As for philosophy, we suggested that Montaigne is a mitigated cynic, wich allowed us to explain some of his contradictions. In the first Part, the most significant point is the role of political authority to solve conflicts, and an utter preferences for republicanism. Reading the Essais, we understand Montaigne's political thought as centered upon the theme of frankness, both a freedom and sincerity, leading us a new towards a cynical statement. The second Part of our work bears more specifically on Montaigne's religion. We first examined the grounds of the opinion according to wich Montaigne would have been an excellent catholic. A confrontation between Montaigne and Augustine fills most of this Part of our work. The result of those analyses was that Montaigne opposes each and every fundamental thesis of Augustine, as much metaphysical ones as ethical or theological ones. Montaigne eventually appears as a thinker most concerned by the political impact of religious theses and desirous to find merely political solutions. He is a moyenneur and an irénique. His endeavor to propose an original solution to the theological-political problem of his time led to a renewal of the literary forms
Andigné-Kfouri, Marie-Hélène d'. "Saint Augustin: de Consensu Euangelistarum : introduction, traduction, commentaire." Paris 4, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA040085.
Full textAt the end of the fourth century, interrumpting his de Trinitate, Augustine started to write his de Consensu Euangelistarum in four books I order to adress an answer to difficulties generated by some apparent incoherences found in the Gospels. In the first book, he explain his aim and lightens the personnality of Jesus, Matthew, Mark, Luke and John. In the second and third book, Augustine developps his method for analysing the texts considering his special point of view regarding their internal coherency. The childhood and the public life of Jesus are the subjects of the secon book and following a natural chonology, the evnts of his Passion, Resurrection and Ascension are the themes of the third book which constitutes the scope of this thesis. The fourth book has been dedicated to the texts written by Mark and for which there is no connection with the three other evangelists. After having proposed a new translation for the third de Consensu book, the lastest french translation dating from the 19th century, this thesis gives a study of how the gospels' contradictions have been analysed by the authors during the first four centuries. Furthermore, this thesis takes stock of the synoptic problem. Then tis third book of Consensu Euangelistarum is considered regarding to its construction, sources exegetic method and quotation of the New Testament. This last study leads us to a reflexion concerning the identity of the latin text of the New Testament used by Augustine. Finally the de Consensu posterity study presented in this thesis highlights its important impact on the history of the Gospels' contradictions
Peureux, Marie C. "Saint Augustin lecteur de l'Épître aux romains et de l'Épître aux galates. De la loi de l'esprit à l'esprit de la loi." Paris 4, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA040187.
Full textResearch on the elaboration of a theology of law by saint Augustine according to his exegesis of the Epistle to the romans and of the Epistle to the Galatians, and analysis of its main features: how the bishop of Hippone claims obedience to the apostle Paul, how he treats the Jewish problem, the recurring theme of conversion in Augustine’s discourse. This study has been divided in three parts: - an analysis of the objective and subjective circumstances which led Augustine to choose Paul as an intellectual guide; - a chronological study of a process: how Augustine developed a theology of law under pressure of the religious polemics of his time and the rivalry between church and synagogue; - a study of the dialogue that Augustine established between the apostle's "ego" and his own, and of his contribution to the history of the self in western civilization
Perrot, Jacqueline. "Augustin et les versets évangéliques sur l'enfance avant et après 411-412." Paris 4, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA040271.
Full textWas the child valued by the Gospel,while the Ancients considered him an incomplete being ? How was the promise perceived that those who become like a child would enter the Kingdom of Heaven ?. .
Cournault, Philippe. "La Cité de Dieu de Saint Augustin : une oeuvre de mémoire." Bordeaux 3, 2011. https://hal.science/tel-03095295v1.
Full textWe started from the hypothesis that the City of God by Augustine is based on a dialectical unity, the books in the second part (IX to XXII) giving a christian interpretation of history thus avoiding the flows and weaknesses of the pagan interpretation denounced in the books of the first part (I to X). Each book or group of books progressively debunks the pagan memory of history in the second part, is set against a higher christian memory. Thus the first three books in the first part expose two flows in the working of the pagan memory – its being incomplete and partial – which the christian memory avoids since the concept of aeternitas allows it to be totalizing and that of ordo to be open to the presence of evil. Books IV to XIII denounce, among what the pagan memory has produced, two ideological tendencies (a political and a religious one) which christian memory has totally set aside as this memory is able to, owing to the ciuitas concept, open up to a mystical ecclesiology and, owing to the pax concept, a teleology of accomplishment. Books IX to X tackle the referent of pagan memory : the Falsa Auctoritas of paganism is set against the Uera Auctoritas of the Writings, which founds the christian memory of history exposed in the following book. Reading the City of God as a book of memory enables one to better grasp its unity : looking at history through the christian auctoritas is an apologetical demonstration of the crystal-clear superiority of christianism over paganism which is incapable of such a vision of history
Principe, José Luis. "Mémoire individuelle et mémoire collective chez saint Augustin." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021AIXM0336.
Full textMy thesis examines the diversity of meanings of memory in the work of St Augustine. The latin term "memoria" is encountered with a semantic richness and diversity that goes beyond its most usual meaning : memory as the psychological faculty of retaining memories. This polysemy includes this psychological meaning, of course, but it also includes a cultic meaning that can mean ‘relic’ or ‘tomb’. In this status, the "memoria"- a physical object invested with a religious value and a cultic function – seems very far from memory as a psychic function. Finally, this polysemy can be further enriched by a liturgical meaning linked to the cultic meaning : "memoria" then designates the evocation of the memory of the saint. This semantic diversity is matched by a certain disciplinary compartmentalisation in Augustinian studies. The aspects that interest philosophers and historians of philosophy are those where memory is treated from a psychological and metaphysical point of view. On the other hand, the collective and social aspects of memory are mostly studied by historians. The bibliography shows that memory and history are treated disjointedly by commentators. The scholarly studies devoted to Augustine’s works most often focus either on memory as a faculty or activity of the individual soul (with particular emphasis on "The Confessions" or "The Trinity"); or on memory as the constitution of a collective identity through history (with a focus on "The City of God", "The sermons"," The Commentaries on the Psalms" or "The Homilies on the Gospel of John")
Bottin, Baritaux Bénédicte. "Le vocabulaire du péché et de la rémission des péchés dans les sermons d'Augustin d'Hippone." Paris 4, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA040199.
Full textThe systematic analysis of 115 categories of words including all of their deriving forms has allowed to list a catalogue of the vocabulary concerning sin and pardon in sermons. The words have been classified according to the number of times they are used in the text and to their importance. The words were analysed from three different points of view: the definitions according to saint Augustin, their recurrence in the citations of the scriptures and the number of times these images occur in these citations. With 88 categories of words the vocabulary of sin is by far the richest and has the most varieties. The study of this category has emphasized the importance of the definitions concerning the constant affirmation of the presence of sin, as well as the link between sin and life an earth and the existence of the original sin studying these 88 categories of words also shows the logic which exists in the vocabulary. The influence of the scriptures and above all the one deriving from the epistle of saint Paul is dominating. On the other hand sermons are not a mere paulinian exegesis, the total number of images shows an authentic originality as far as dogmatic explanation is concerned. The conclusions drawn from the analysis of the vocabulary of pardon are the same in spite of the discrepancy in number between these two subjects : 27 categories of words. But there only seems to be a discrepancy since the number of links existing between sin and pardon does not vary pardon is always being emphasized by the grace of pardon
Lamarre, Jean-Marc. "Le maitre, le disciple et le maitre interieur : enseignement et langage dans le "De magistro" de saint Augustin." Strasbourg 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998STR20018.
Full textIn his "de magistro", starting from an analysis of words as signs, augustine raises the question of the conditions that make teaching possible. Can a man teach another man ? The philosophical interest of this dialogue is to analyse the connections between teaching, language and truth - augustine positions himself at the very place of the act of teaching as a speech act explaining truth to the pupil ; and he shows that teaching is not a mere transmission from the master to the pupil but a triangular relation between the master, the disciple and truth - in the representation of the inner master, augustine inscribes truth as an alternative place where the minds converge. The master teaches what is true but the pupil cannot learn a truth that remains external from the words of someone else. The understanding of"de magistro" comes up against two obstacles : the reading of a dialogue which is meant to be formative rather than informative, and the identification of the inner master, of truth and of christ. In the first part, we will show that "de magistro" is not a theoritical expose but a spiritual exercise ; in the second part we will analyse "de magistro" as an itinerary from words to signs and from signs to truth, avoiding the traps set by augustine thanks to the distinctions made in "de dialectica" lastly, we will show that the metaphor of the inner master has a praxeological function of urging inner conversion and that the triad of the master, the disciple and the inner master has an ethical dimension, liberating one of the alienating effects of the position of mastery. With augustine, it is the hermeneutical paradigm of the inner man that forms itself
Meessen, Yves. "Phénoménologie du dessaisissement : relevé d'une méprise onto-théologique et essai de métaphysique trinitaire à partir de saint Augustin." Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003STR20066.
Full textA so called "onto-theological" mistake needs to be cleared up, in order to cross again the demarcation line between philosophy and theology regarding the question of the being. Fifteen centuries before the phenomenological movement, in search of wisdom, Augustine makes the crucial experience of a meeting with the Ego sum qui sum. At the opposite of Plotinus and Porphyrus, that experience allows him to picture the relationship of the Good with "what comes after it". The existence of that relationship, which finds its source in Principio, where the Word is Deus apud Deum, leads him to set up a metaphysics built upon communion in love. The design of such a metaphysics is a framework completely different from the greek ontology based upon a notion of the "one continuous" of Parmenides. Indeed, if the being admits alterity inside itself, it does not find its stability in its self-possession, but in the fact that it gives itself without return. Such a truth is revealed by the lifting up of the Son of Man. Christ despoiled on the Cross displays the "I am He" as divine mercy, in front of human covetousness. The coming of Christ into the world and his death on the Cross reveal : 1) that God gives himself to men without setting back from the being, 2) that the truth of the being is giving itself, rather than keeping itself into a temporal continuity, 3) that the relinquishing of oneself, through opening to the other, is the way to ontological achievement. Can't we find there a triple enlightening, intended to teach men about three great phenomenological questions : the questions of the donation, of the link between being and time, and the question of intersubjectivity ?
Giusto, Mariagnese. "La notion de miséricorde dans les 'Enarrationes in psalmos' de saint Augustin." Paris, EPHE, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012EPHE5008.
Full textThe cursive reading of the Enarrationes in Psalmos, and the use of computer science tools, have given the foundations of our search, which was organized following both the thematic and the chronological methods. We have paid attention to the developments of some important themes in others works as well. Augustine’s originality on many themes was pointed out. After an introductory survey of the notion of mercy in the works before Augustine’s episcopate, our attention focused on Enarrationes. The fundamental link between mercy and Incarnation (which includes all the mysteries of Christ’s life, from birth to resurrection), and the sacrifice of Christ, led us to define the outlines of the notion of God’s mercy. This approach allowed us to distinguish among the notions of mercy, love and grace. The study of antithetical couples, mercy and judgment, mercy and truth, mercy and justice, showed the complexity of a mercy which is articulated with these notions without contradicting them. The impact of mercy on man’s life in his relations with God and neighbour was taken into account. Man recovers his condition as a child of God and he participates in divine life ; after a true conversion, he must be merciful in his deeds without neglecting judgment, truth and justice. Man’s works of mercy are in relation with Incarnation, which is God’s work of mercy, and they are inserted in God’s plan of salvation
Lagouanère, Jérôme. "Intériorité et réflexivité dans la pensée de saint Augustin : formes et genèses d'une conceptualisation." Bordeaux III, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010BOR30014.
Full textThis work is in keeping with a process of a conceptual archeology. Our aim is to study how the notion of interiority arises and develops in Augustine’s thought, from his first books, the Dialogues written in Cassiciacum, to his main work, the De Trinitate. On the first hand, we try to study how the concept of interiority is organized as a syntax throughout a topologic process. So, we first study, in a syntagmatic way, relations that link very important words as anima, animus, mens, ratio, intellectus, intelligentia, memoria, uoluntas and spiritus; then, we study, in a paradigmatic way, the motif of spiritual progress. In the last resort, the notion of interiority seems to be a dynamic structure, where the concept of imago Dei plays an important part. So, on the second hand, we have to examine anthropo-theology of the image in Augustine’s thought. We first put concepts of imago and similitude in the context of Antiquity’s thought, and, then, we study how these words are used in the De Trinitate. So, we have to wonder which part analogy plays in this context and how Augustine develops these notions throughout the paulinian motif of the mirror (1 Co 13, 12). In the last resort, by thinking about relations between the motif of the mirror and the notion of interiority, we have to wonder about the concept of reflexivity understood not only as a noetic one, but also as semiotic and hermeneutic one
Reguig, Delphine. "Le corps des idées : pensées et poétiques du langage dans l'augustinisme du second Port-Royal." Saint-Etienne, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003STET2078.
Full textThanks to urgent argumentation caused by controversy, the "second" Port-Royal, led by Arnauld, made use of the Cartesian dualism of body and mind in order to renew Augustinian semiotics. Port-Royal was at the origin of reflections about meaning, which go beyond linguistic and grammatical matters in order to include the moral disposition of the speaker in his verbal experience. For speech to produce meaning, language must be used as a faculty suppressing the distance between body and soul, between expression and thought, between the world and inner life, between man and God. The necessity of effective and meaningful speech may account for Port-Royal’s influence on literary circles. The novel La Princesse de Clèves and Racine's tragedies, in particular, reflect Augustinian concerns about the value of speech, its relation with human inner life, and the relation it establishes between man and the world
García, Mac Gaw Carlos. "Le problème du baptême dans le schisme donatiste." Paris, EHESS, 2001. http://books.openedition.org/ausonius/3764.
Full textBrilli, Elisa. "Una Vicina città : storia del paradigma della "ciuitas diaboli" nell'occidente medievale." Paris, EHESS, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009EHES0101.
Full textMy PhD dissertation consists in a longue durée study of the codification, diffusion, reinvention and iconographical representation of the "civitas diaboli's paradigm", as I defined it in the Prologue, in western medieval culture. The dissertation is articulated in four parties. The first one concerns IWO cities' inventio by Augustine of Hippo, sin ce De vera religione to De civitate Dei. It offers a detailed investigation of political and theological significations of this notion and of Augustinian vocabulary on il. The second part examines civitas diaboli's widespread diffusion in medieval culture, by analyzing exegetical works recurring to it between 6th and 12th century. Many different distortions and innovations of medieval civitas diaboli are pointed out (as for instance medieval invention of a civitas infernalis). The third part focuses on sorne actualizing civitas diaboli's applications to the contemporary history between nth and 14th century. More particularly, the Carmen in victoriam Pisallorum, the Speculum Ecclesiae, the De incendia oppidi Tuitii by Rupert of Deutz, a lectio by Joachim of Flore on Jerusalem and Babylon, Dante's works and, finally, De ciuitate Dei's translations in French, by Raoul of Presles, and in Florentine at the end of the 14th century are taken into account. The fourth part offers the first study of ail the two cities' representations in the illuminated manuscript tradition of the De ciuitate Dei as weil as of its translations in vernacular. A catalogue of manuscripts in annex completes this study
Le, Febure du Bus Alban. "La valeur éducative de la Règle de saint Augustin." Thesis, Paris 4, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA040191.
Full textSt. Augustine’s Rule appears to be the most ancient western monastic Rule. Its durability may be surprising, since it is very short. The purpose of this thesis is to consider its educative value, from the practitioner’s point of view: are the instructions able to convey a monastic “savoir-être (way of behaving)”, in accordance with the original propositum?The approach is based on a reading-listening of the Rule. This practical stage introduces a formal analysis of Augustinian pedagogy: the Rule is in accordance with the classical requirements of an educative work, but its density demands clarification on the part of the listener-trainers.An objective stage may follow: the Rule offers decisive content on cenobitic realities. This involves lexical analysis of the terms unum, frater, in Deum, caritas and dilectio.A subjective stage closes the approach, with an examination of monastic identity and its realisation throughout the Rule
Dufal, Blaise. "Repenser l’autorité du Père : Saint Augustin et le De civitate Dei au XIVe siècle." Paris, EHESS, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014EHES0064.
Full textMaster piece of Latin Christianism and source of multiple references in medieval culture, The City of God was not subject of commentaries before the beginning of the XIVth century. This study analyses the emergence of a textual event embodied by the commentaries written by 8 scholastic mendicant friars (Nicolas Trevet, Thomas Waleys, Francois de Meyronnes, Iacopo Passavanti, John Ridevall, Fortanier Vassal, John Baconthorpe) between 1305 and 1335. The first part shows how the mobilisations of St. Augustine by medieval scholasticism built patristic as an organizational system of intellectual and religious authorities. The second part examines the commentaries of oxonian classici as an encyclopedic approach to the Augustinian text, and as a focus on classic knowledge to explain and develop them. These texts demonstrate the construction of a knowledge specifically dedicated to pagan classic cultures. The third part analyzes the translation of the City of God into vernacular in 1371 and its commentary by Raoul de Presles, transforming the Augustinian text into capctian propaganda. This lawyer uses the scholastics commentaries to compose a text enriched with illuminations becoming a ceremonial object, foi lay aristocrats and an encyclopedic knowledge about classic history
Cassin, Mireille. "Augustin est-il mystique ?" Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LORR0344.
Full textThis work intends to verify the relevance of the question that A. Mandouze asked in 1954, and which has not been answered yet : was Augustine mystic ? So it is not a study of Augustine’s mystique, but it is about the mystic Augustine. It is not possible to dissociate Augustine’s life from his works. Both demonstrate a concrete experience of the ontological relationship to his God, wich is the entrance into Trinitarian life. This evidence may be explicit or hidden. The Confessions and the De Trinitate are of course major, but the mystical Augustine me also be seen from very different writtings such as his scriptural comments, his letters, his sermons and his other works that are assumed to be minor and wich overflow any a priori corpus
Berton, Raymond. "Abraham dans la littérature latine de Tertullien à Augustin." Metz, 1993. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/1993/Berton.Raymond_1.LMZ935.pdf.
Full textThe study is divided in two, parts : first part : Abraham was considered as a christian model, contested by Tertullian, but admired for his virtus by Ambrose. His life supplied arguments about circumcision and the theophany of Mambré which caused a great controversy during the first centures. Abraham was named whenever Augustine attacked the heretics and the shismatics. Second part : Augustine drew up the chronology of Abraham'life and compared it to general history. The church fathers study it to in the history of salvatic mainkind, that is to say they explained his faith which showed itself on several occasion throughout his life ; particularly when he was about to sacrifice his son, Isaac, and when he accepted god's promises. The fathers spoke of his faith in Christ of whom he was the prophet. Isaac himself foreshdwed Christ and Sara foreshadowed the Church
Elmaleh, Cazes Victoria. "La femme entre le monde et le retrait du monde : l'attitude de Jérôme et d'Augustin." Paris 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA020021.
Full textFathers of the church but men moving in their times, jerom and augustin have dualist conception about woman: equivalent to men by her soul, she is submited to their authority owing to the posteriority of her body's formation, the originel sin, the influence of the old testament, roman laws and morals. However, they give her an office and a promotion inside the christian church if she adheres to their ideal of chastity. Classifed in an ascending order, married women, widows, virgins create the christian feminine elite with whom monastics are closely associated. If they build up more a theology about marriage than rules of law they give, in the other hand, many advices for lack of laws again about virginity, widowhood and feminine monachism. The strength of their exhortations prove of the reserve of laic society strongly yet impregnated by paganism but also they give a clear indication of solicitude with regard to them
Dalmon, Laurence. "La Correspondance échangée entre les églises d'Afrique et de Rome à l'occasion de la controverse pélagienne (416-418) : traduction, commentaire et annotations d'un dossier de l'épistolaire augustinien." Lyon 2, 2006. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2006/dalmon_l.
Full textAbdelouahab, Naïma. "Corpus des mosaïques d'Hippone (Algérie) sur base topographique." Paris 4, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA040242.
Full textThis thesis of doctorate is devoted to the masaics of Hippone (Algeria) on topographic basis. It is a whole among the most remarkable of the Roman Africa, often released like pieces and whose elements remained new, for the majority, insufficiently published. Among these mosaics, we will retain the pavements of the “Villas du front de mer” whitch constitute an interesting example of the decoration of a large domus of the end of the antiquity. This thesis is at the same time a development on a whole of very significant pavments, but also an approach, in the field of domectic architecture, of a site which did not always profit from the quality of work that it deserves. The corpus of mosaics of Hippone includes three parts : in the first one, we gave a geographical and historical outline of the town of hippone for the punic period until the Byzantine period while passing by the numid, roman and vandal periods ; the second part concerns the catalog. It acts here, of a chronological classification by urban sector while going from east to west ; however, we deliberately left in the last the Christian district and the basilica, established in the middle of the ancient city. The third part was devoted to the iconographic and comparative study of the geometrical, floral and figurative decoration raised on the one hundred sixty four pavements and fragments of the pavements wich we studied
De, Saxcé Anne. "Les affects dans la pensée de Saint Augustin." Thesis, Paris 4, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA040031.
Full textFirst in De libero arbitrio, then in De ciuitate Dei, Augustine describes his theory of affectivity. In books IX and XIV of De ciuitate Dei, he objects to the Stoician theory of apatheia and the Platonician dualism. He points out the Christian idea of affectivity, which considers the affects depending on the will. In this way, emotions are parts of the Augustinian ordo amoris. They are good if they reveal a true love of the good. In these texts however Augustine does not explain what kind of emotions heis thinking about. He gives no definition of them and does not analyse their interconnections. But in the rest of his writings, we can find various descriptions of several emotions. In this work we try to appreciate Augutine’s affectivity, by understanding that it is not predicated on the good will, but on the hope in the beata uita. This hope makes the thought of Augustin different from Stoician or Neoplatonician philosophy. From this point of view, we can understand how affectivity is linked tolanguage, how emotions are embodied by the voice, the respiration, the laughter and the tears, and how they are also a langage, which tells us the peregrinatio to the uita beata
Requin, Nathalie. "Étude de l’exégèse d’Augustin d’Hippone sur les Évangiles de Matthieu : traduction et commentaire des Quaestionum euangeliorum libri duo (CPL 275)." Paris, EPHE, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014EPHE5020.
Full textThis thesis is the first monograph devoted to Quaestiones euangeliorum by Augustine of Hippo: noted from interviews with an anonymous interlocutor, edited first without his knowledge, Augustine reviewed his work and made a second edition in two books. The first volume of the thesis contains the full commentary on the hundred Quaestiones on the Gospels of Matthew and Luke : unique exegeses for one third of the verses and original exegeses for a fifth of the Quaestiones. In the introduction is made the synthesis of the informations from the prologue, Retractationes and detailed studies of each Quaestio. First the circumstances of the composition are established. A hypothesis for dating the composition as well as the reviewed Augustine’s edition is advanced. Then the portrait of the interlocutor is drawn, as it emerges from the various gathered observations, and a name is proposed. Afterwards we identify the sources of Augustine’s exegesis in this work. In addition, the biblical text that served as support during discussions between Augustine and his interlocutor is investigated. Finally, we study the reception of Quaestiones euangeliorum until the twelfth and the thirteenth centuries included, that is until the success of two very important anthologies, the Glossa ordinaria of Anselm of Laon, and the Catena Aurea of Thomas Aquinas. The second volume of the thesis contains the Latin text of Quaestiones euangeliorum with a French annotated translation opposite the original text