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Academic literature on the topic 'Audition des témoins – Psychologie'
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Journal articles on the topic "Audition des témoins – Psychologie"
Paciocco, David M. "L’évaluation du témoignage d’opinion pour en établir l’admissibilité : les leçons récentes du droit de la preuve." Revue générale de droit 26, no. 3 (March 30, 2016): 425–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1035886ar.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Audition des témoins – Psychologie"
Dodier, Olivier. "Les adolescents en situation de témoignage oculaire : d’observations de terrain à l’étude d’un protocole d’audition judiciaire en laboratoire." Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017CLFAL019/document.
Full textThe goal of this thesis was to provide recommendations to any practitioner involved in the justice system to interview adolescent witnesses and/or victims, a population little studied in laboratory analogue contexts. To do so, five studies were conducted. The first two studies were aimed at establishing an inventory of the young French investigators’ witness interview practices. We observed that adolescents are a specific population, in particular regarding the use of suggestive questions. This type of questions increased right after the adolescents had just developed a statement, which was not the case with younger children. This result might reveal that, during investigative interviews with children and adolescents, the investigators have different aims depending on the age of the young witness (Study 1). However, international recommendations strongly discourage the use of suggestions because of immediate and delayed memory biases that may occur. Secondly, we have shown that adolescents represent most of the under legal age witnesses and/or victims in French cases, and that investigators generally perceived them as liars and as easily ashamed (Study 2). A study conducted with military police officers who previously had training in the use of structured interview techniques (vs. untrained officers; Study 3) showed that their use of suggestive questions were related to the belief that suggestive prompts could help the young witness and/or victim retrieve and recall information, but also (and most importantly) allow the investigation to move forward. This was especially observed with untrained military police officers. To deal with these inappropriate practices, we investigated the efficiency of two modified versions of the cognitive interview (MCI). This interview protocol is based on an open (rather than closed or suggestive) questioning style, and proposes effective retrieval strategies. Relying on techniques that promote memory retrieval and recall of information, it could then enhance the adolescents’ statements’ reliability, for these to be used during the investigation. We therefore tested a mnemonic called ‘guided peripheral focus’ (Study 4), which showed its benefits. Indeed, we observed an increase in the recall of correct information (vs. structured interview; SI). However, this was accompanied by an increase in errors. A similar pattern was observed with a shortened version of the MCI (vs. SI) used for repeated events (vs. single event; Study 5). In addition, this last study showed an increase in confabulations with the MCI (compared to a SI, and irrespective of the frequency of the event), but also in confusions between the different events experienced by some of the adolescents. However, these increases in erroneous details did not lead to a drop in the accuracy rate in either study. The results of the five studies will be discussed in regards with the scientific literature, and recommendations to help justice practitioners conduct their adolescent witness and/or victim interviews as appropriately as possible will be provided
Ginet, Magali. "Etude d'une nouvelle technique d'audition destinée à améliorer les souvenirs des témoins : l'entretien cognitif." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998CLF20001.
Full textThe purpose of this thesis is to study the cognitive interview, a new technique designed to improve eyewitness memory at the time of examination, or, in other words, to increase the quantity of correct information recalled by the witness without a corresponding increase in errors or confabulations. The theoretical introduction begins by a critical analysis of procedures used by police officers. The two theoretical foundations of the cognitive interview are then exposed : notions of context and script, followed by a review of litterature on the cognitive interview. An another technique of memory improvement is also studied, the cognitive encoding, wich employs several strategies of the cognitive interview applied at the time of encoding. The introduction is followed by the presentation of six experiences carried out in order to test the effectiveness of cognitive interview and cognitive encoding. The first experience, involving police officers, demonstrates the effectiveness of the cognitive interview in a field perspective. The second one confirms the effectiveness of both the cognitive interview and the cognitive encoding, and the complementarity of the two techniques. The third one demonstrates once again the effectiveness of the two techniques in more controlled methodological conditions and in presence of negative emotion. The fourth one explores the effectiveness of each mnemonic components of the cognitive interview and the cognitive encoding. The fifth one examines specifically the effectiveness of the mental context reinstatement technique as a function of the presence of negative emotion and the semantic relation between the emotion and the critical event. The sixth one examines the effectiveness of each components of the cognitive interview as a function of subjects' expertise level in consideration of the critical event. Theorical and pratical implications of results obtained in this work, wich demonstrate a significant effectiveness of the cognitive interview, are then discussed
Vazel, Marie-Annick. "Proposition d'une méthodologie d'élaboration des portraits-robot." Rennes 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002REN20030.
Full textThis thesis deals with an applicated research perspective, in the experimental field that refers to facial composite production. It aims at elaborating and evaluating a methodology which can lead significantly to better composites. The following experiments are dedicated first to the evaluation of computer-driven systems which rely on different procedures of faces' processing and secondly to several interviews which lead to maximise the informations collecting related to the face of the suspect. Our results will allow us to reject the computer-driven system which rely on an analytic processing of the face to confirm the superiority of computer-driven systems which rely on an holistic processing of the faces (experimentations 2 and 3). Moreover, it will be established that the superiority of that type of computer-driven systme is renforced by the cognitice interview adapted to facial composites (CIAF) (experimentations 2 and 3). Those results will lead us in experiment 4 to verify the efficacity of the CIAF with evaluating the supression of each of the five rules (experimentation 4). The rules which have been found to be benefic in experiment 4 will be evaluated once again (experimentation 5), assessing the superiority of the hypermnesia, recontextualisation and holistic treatment's rules on facial composites. Finally, the CIAF's protocol which contains those three rules will be globally evaluated (experimentation 6). The last experiment will permit to reject definity the use of a computer-driven systems which rely on an analytic processing, to consider new researchs, related to the evaluation of new computer-driven systems which rely on an holistic processing of the face (experimentation 6)
Job, Romain. "L'audition des enfants par les enquêteurs : formation et utilisation du protocole du NICHD en France." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2022-....), 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024ULILH070.
Full textWhen children are victims, their testimony is often central to the investigation process. In recent decades, several interview techniques have been developed and tested to ensure that the child's testimony is gathered under the best possible conditions. The National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) interview protocol currently appears to be one of the most recommended and validated techniques at the international level. It was included in the training programs of French gendarmes and police officers in 2016. However, since then, no study has examined the impact of this implementation on field practice. The objectives of this research are therefore to learn more about how child testimonies are gathered in France, to verify whether national and international recommendations have been followed, and whether the training courses provided have enabled the NICHD protocol to be effectively implemented. In 2021, most interviews with child victims were video-recorded and took place in a dedicated room. However, the majority of investigators interviewing children were not trained in the NICHD protocol. Moreover, child witnesses seemed to be interviewed under less optimal conditions. Investigators trained in the NICHD protocol reported adopting best practices in interviews more often than those who had not received such training. These self-reported practices, collected via an online questionnaire, were confirmed by an analysis of 92 interview reports and transcripts of pre- and post-training interviews. The pre-training interviews did not comply with the recommendations: invitations, although strongly recommended, were the questions least used; conversely, closed and suggestive questions accounted for 58% of the questions asked, although they should be avoided. In contrast, the post-training interviews were of much higher quality: they contained over 7 times more invitations, 2 times more facilitators, and 2 times fewer suggestive questions than the pre-training interviews. These results confirm the value of the French training in the NICHD protocol. However, despite the improvement in quality, there is still room for improvement in questioning: not all trained interviewers use the protocol all the time, and the time that has elapsed since training has led to a deterioration in the quality of questions. To better understand the reasons why French interviewers use or don't use the protocol, we mobilized a model of acceptance and usability of a new technology, the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) model. We found that the more trained interviewers believe that the protocol help them to interview children better (performance expectation), and that it requires little effort to implement (effort expectation), the more they intend to use the NICHD protocol during interviews. This intention to use the NICHD protocol and the presence of sufficient material and intellectual resources (facilitating conditions) are important predictors of the actual use of the NICHD protocol in interviews. A number of recommendations have been put forward to increase the intention and effective use of the protocol in the field
Gouttenoire, Adeline. "L'enfant et les procédures judiciaires." Lyon 3, 1994. https://scd-resnum.univ-lyon3.fr/in/theses/1994_in_gouttenoire_a.pdf.
Full textTrassard, Cédric. "Le corps absent du procès pénal : l’éclatement spatio-temporel de la parole et de l’image dans le procès pénal du XXIème siècle." Paris 10, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA100205.
Full textSociety is changing. So is Crime, and financial imperatives have found their way inside the realm of Law. Criminal procedure is following this trend. The spoken word still occupies a prominent place, but its spatial and temporal contexts have changed. The image of the ideal trial held in a single courtroom in the presence of the judges, the parties and the public is now undermined. In the same way, the oral character of the trial and its heuristic value have been altered. The spoken word reproduced during the judgment audience tends to become exceptional, and is usually confined to the investigations or is transmitted from a distant place. As a consequence, it becomes possible for the criminal trial to be both here and elsewhere, both present and absent: the XXIst century criminal trial is witnessing a spatiotemporal break-up of image and of the spoken word. The witness (and criminal informants) protection mechanisms inexorably lead to a spatiotemporal break-up of image and of the spoken word, and to a degradation of the usual characteristics of evidence (given orally, and with due hearing of the parties). The use of videoconference breaks up the spatial unity of criminal trial and revolutionizes not only the modality and the place of appearing in court, but also the public character of court proceedings
Rainis, Natascha. "Psychologie expérimentale et psychologie légale : de nouveaux effets de contexte afin d'améliorer la mémoire des témoins oculaires." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997CLF20004.
Full textSince the beginning of the 20 th century, researches applied to eyewitness testimony allowed to show the fallibility of eyewitnesses memory. Concerning some of the factors that could reduce the quality of the recollection of a criminal event, we have chosen to study two factors which are often linked to the fact of being an eyewitness to such an event. The first factor is the negative emotions felt by the witness. The second factor is the fact to be confronted to people others than the protagonist of the criminal scene; these people can constitute an interference at the moment of the suspect identification. In this vein, our aim was to find a technique which allowed to counterbalance the deleterious influence of these two factors on the eyewitnesses memory. According to us, the technique which appeared the most efficient or the most promising was a particular context reinstatement procedure. In fact, we obtained important mnesic benefits in using, at test, a contextual scene different but semantically associated to the encoding context
Vachon, François. "Le rôle du masquage dans le phénomène du clignement attentionnel en audition." Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24379/24379.pdf.
Full textGrenzebach, Jan [Verfasser], Alexandra [Gutachter] Bendixen, Alexandra [Akademischer Betreuer] Bendixen, Wolfgang [Gutachter] Einhäuser-Treyer, and Wolfgang [Akademischer Betreuer] Einhäuser-Treyer. "Cross-modal mechanisms: perceptual multistability in audition and vision / Jan Grenzebach ; Gutachter: Alexandra Bendixen, Wolfgang Einhäuser-Treyer ; Alexandra Bendixen, Wolfgang Einhäuser-Treyer." Chemnitz : Technische Universität Chemnitz, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1234147548/34.
Full textAllione, Julien. "Construction et validation d'un protocole visant à améliorer la détection du mensonge : une démarche de psychologie expérimentale appliquée." Toulouse 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008TOU20102.
Full textIn the last decades, research assessing the veracity of suspects statements, witnesses and alleged victims has become of great importance in eyewitness testimony scientifique literature. Indeed, statements are given a crucial role in eyewitness evidence. However, detecting a wrong statement is a difficult task, Several researches highlighted the inaccuracy for detecting false statement. Experimental studies tried to propose relevant cues to detect liar behaviour. Studies looking into verbal cues are a lot more promising than thoes interested in non-verbal cues. Two approaches analyzing principally written transcriptions of oral statements are currently subject to a lot of attention. One is the Criteria-Based Content Analysis (Steller and Köhnken, 1989) and the other is the Reality Monitoring (Johnson and Raye, 1989). Unfortunately, thoses approaches present few weakness. The first step of our research program consisted in extracting the most relevant verbal cues. In the same time, we tried to increase the criteria efficiency, using particular interviewing procedures. Then, we have submited the extracted cues to law offenders, in order to know if on the basis of transcription, those cues could allow better scoring in detecting sincere or untruthful testimonies. Finally, we tested if our approach would still be effective without having to retranscribe statements. The results show an improvment in detecting sincere to untruthfull testimonies
Books on the topic "Audition des témoins – Psychologie"
Ginet, Magali. Les clés de l'entretien avec le témoin ou la victime. Paris: La Documentation Française, 2003.
Find full textTomatis, Alfred. Vers l'écoute humaine. 3rd ed. Paris: Editions ESF, 1986.
Find full textJ, Dooling Robert, and Hulse Stewart H, eds. The Comparative psychology of audition: Perceiving complex sounds. Hillsdale, N.J: L. Erlbaum Associates, 1989.
Find full textLevy, Earl J. Examination of witnesses in criminal cases. 4th ed. Scarborough, Ont: Carswell, 1999.
Find full textLevy, Earl J. Examination of witnesses in criminal cases. 2nd ed. Scarborough, Ont., Canada: Thomson Professional Pub. Canada, 1991.
Find full textLevy, Earl J. The examination of witnesses in criminal cases. Agincourt, Ont: Carswell, 1987.
Find full textChamberland, Luc. Manuel de plaidoirie: Techniques et stratégies d'un procès civil. 2nd ed. Cowansville, Québec: Éditions Y. Blais, 2011.
Find full textLoftus, Elizabeth F. Eyewitness testimony: Civil and criminal. New York: Michie Company, 1989.
Find full textLoftus, Elizabeth F. Eyewitness testimony: Civil and criminal. 2nd ed. Charlottesville: Michie, 1992.
Find full textL, Bottoms Bette, and Goodman Gail S, eds. International perspectives on child abuse and children's testimony: Psychological research and law. Thousand Oaks, Calif: Sage Publications, 1996.
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