Relevant bibliographies by topics / Audit offices

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Audit offices'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 29 July 2024
Last updated: 30 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Audit offices"

1

Choi, Jong-Hag, Chansog (Francis) Kim, Jeong-Bon Kim, and Yoonseok Zang. "Audit Office Size, Audit Quality, and Audit Pricing." AUDITING: A Journal of Practice & Theory 29, no. 1 (May 1, 2010): 73–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/aud.2010.29.1.73.

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SUMMARY: Using a large sample of U.S. audit client firms over the period 2000–2005, this paper investigates whether and how the size of a local practice office within an audit firm (hereafter, office size) is a significant, engagement-specific factor determining audit quality and audit fees over and beyond audit firm size at the national level and auditor industry leadership at the city or office level. For our empirical tests, audit quality is measured by unsigned abnormal accruals, and the office size is measured in two different ways: one based on the number of audit clients in each office and the other based on a total of audit fees earned by each office. Our results show that the office size has significantly positive relations with both audit quality and audit fees, even after controlling for national-level audit firm size and office-level industry expertise. These positive relations support the view that large local offices provide higher-quality audits compared with small local offices, and that such quality differences are priced in the market for audit services.
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Swanquist, Quinn T., and Robert L. Whited. "Do Clients Avoid “Contaminated” Offices? The Economic Consequences of Low-Quality Audits." Accounting Review 90, no. 6 (March 1, 2015): 2537–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/accr-51113.

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ABSTRACT This study investigates whether the market for audit clients penalizes auditors following association with low-quality audits. Specifically, we examine whether audit offices experience a loss in local market share following client restatements. We document that the frequency of restatement announcements within an office-year (“contamination”) is inversely related to subsequent year-over-year change in local market share. Further analysis indicates that restatements impair the office's ability to both attract and retain audit clients. We find that this effect is strongest in high competition markets and diminished in low competition markets. We also examine auditor retention decisions at the client level and find that the likelihood of auditor dismissal increases with contamination, even for non-restating clients. We also find that, on average, clients dismissing their auditor select less contaminated audit offices. Taken together, our results suggest that market forces penalize auditors for association with audit failures, thereby providing an incentive to maintain high-quality audits and protect reputational capital.
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Xu, Qiao, and Rachana Kalelkar. "Consequences of Going-Concern Opinion Inaccuracy at the Audit Office Level." AUDITING: A Journal of Practice & Theory 39, no. 3 (March 1, 2020): 185–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/ajpt-18-050.

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SUMMARY This paper examines whether inaccurate going-concern opinions negatively affect the audit office's reputation. Assuming that clients perceive the incidence of going-concern opinion errors as a systematic audit quality concern within the entire audit office, we expect these inaccuracies to impact the audit office market share and dismissal rate. We find that going-concern opinion inaccuracy is negatively associated with the audit office market share and is positively associated with the audit office dismissal rate. Furthermore, we find that the decline in market share and the increase in dismissal rate are primarily associated with Type I errors. Additional analyses reveal that the negative consequence of going-concern opinion inaccuracy is lower for Big 4 audit offices. Finally, we find that the decrease in the audit office market share is explained by the distressed clients' reactions to Type I errors and audit offices' lack of ability to attract new clients.
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Czerney, Keith, Daun Jang, and Thomas C. Omer. "Client Deadline Concentration in Audit Offices and Audit Quality." AUDITING: A Journal of Practice & Theory 38, no. 4 (February 1, 2019): 55–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/ajpt-52386.

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SUMMARY This research investigates the effect on audit quality of concentrated public company financial statement filing deadlines in audit offices. Audit offices must effectively manage their resources to meet clients' audit service requirements. When an audit office has deadlines that are more concentrated in time, effective resource management is of greater importance to reduce the likelihood of audit failure. Drawing on relevant research from the auditing and management literatures, we hypothesize and find that audit quality is lower when an audit office's clients' financial statement deadlines concentrate in time, which we term client deadline concentration. The significant, negative effect of client deadline concentration on audit quality is incremental to the effects of other resource-based constraints from the prior literature and to controls for unobservable differences in audit offices that explain a significant amount of the variation in audit quality outcomes. JEL Classifications: M40; M41; M42; M48. Data Availability: Data are available from public sources identified in the text.
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Ittonen, Kim, and Per Christen Trønnes. "Benefits and Costs of Appointing Joint Audit Engagement Partners." AUDITING: A Journal of Practice & Theory 34, no. 3 (September 1, 2014): 23–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/ajpt-50934.

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SUMMARY We investigate whether the practice of voluntarily engaging two audit partners is associated with audit quality and audit fees. Using a sample of listed Finnish and Swedish firms, we find evidence that joint engagement partners may be associated with higher audit quality, but not with higher audit fees. Moreover, the benefits of having joint engagement partners are driven by the cases where the partners are co-located in the same office and the clients' characteristics suggest the audit will be more challenging than is usual. When the joint engagement partners are from different offices, we find no variation in audit quality from that of single-partner audits, but a small reduction in audit fees. We interpret these findings to suggest that two audit partners co-located in the same office increase the effectiveness of the audit, whereas partners from different offices improve the efficiency vis-à-vis that of a single-partner audit. In general, our findings suggest that the benefits of the “four eyes principle” usually attributed to joint audits between two audit firms, are also applicable when there are two jointly responsible engagement partners from the same firm and, importantly, that the costs to clients do not appear to increase.
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Seavey, Scott E., Michael J. Imhof, and Tiffany J. Westfall. "Audit Firms as Networks of Offices." AUDITING: A Journal of Practice & Theory 37, no. 3 (July 1, 2017): 211–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/ajpt-51862.

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SUMMARY Prior audit research suggests that most, if not all, audit quality can be explained at the office level. However, the question remains of whether office-level audit quality is contingent on how individual offices relate to the firm as a whole. Motivated by theories of knowledge management, organizational learning, and networks, we posit that individual offices are connected to their audit network through partner knowledge sharing and oversight, which impact office-level audit quality. We interview Big 4 audit partners and learn that knowledge sharing between partners in different offices is common and intended to aid in the provision of audit services. Using network connectedness to proxy for knowledge sharing and oversight between offices of the same firm, we document that more connected offices are associated with fewer client restatements and lower discretionary accruals. We additionally find that network effects are magnified when accounting treatments are more complex and require greater auditor judgement.
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Francis, Jere R., and Michael D. Yu. "Big 4 Office Size and Audit Quality." Accounting Review 84, no. 5 (September 1, 2009): 1521–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/accr.2009.84.5.1521.

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ABSTRACT: Larger offices of Big 4 auditors are predicted to have higher quality audits for SEC registrants due to greater in-house experience in administering such audits. We test this prediction by examining a sample of 6,568 U.S. firm-year observations for the period 2003–2005 and audited by 285 unique Big 4 offices. Results are consistent with larger offices providing higher quality audits. Specifically, larger offices are more likely to issue going-concern audit reports, and clients in larger offices evidence less aggressive earnings management behavior. These findings are robust to extensive controls for client risk factors and to controls for other auditor characteristics. While the evidence suggests audit quality is higher on average in larger Big 4 offices, we make no claims that audit quality is unacceptably low in smaller offices.
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IDDRISU ZAAPAYIM, ABDUL JALIL MAHAMA ALHASSAN. "Determinants of Post-Tax Audit Compliance in Ghana." International Journal of Applied Research in Management and Economics 6, no. 2 (August 9, 2023): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.33422/ijarme.v6i2.1083.

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Governments derive a significant portion of their income from taxation. Collection of tax is however impeded by tax non-compliant activities as well as tax evasion. This necessitates measures to ensure tax compliance, such as tax audits. The study looked into the factors that influence taxpayers' post-audit compliance behavior in Ghana, with the Ho and Hohoe Small Taxpayer Offices as a case study. The focus of the study was on the effectiveness of tax audit procedures, post-tax audit compliance behavior of taxpayers, and taxpayers' experience with tax officers during and after the first tax audit. To achieve this aim, the study utilized the case study method of research. The researcher used the purposive sampling technique to select respondents for the questionnaire survey. The primary goal of the research was to investigate the efficacy of tax audit methods. The study identified that tax audit procedures were most effective in the Ho and Hohoe Small Taxpayer offices. The effectiveness of the audit procedures was ensured through the thorough examination of all relevant books and documents by skilled auditors. The second purpose of the study was to investigate the post-tax audit compliance behaviour of taxpayers. The study found that, after the audit procedures, taxpayers started filing tax returns accurately and timely. This improvement was primarily due to the level of education provided by tax officers during tax audits. Finally, the last objective sought to examine taxpayers' experience with tax officers during and after the first tax audit. The study found that there were very few cases (11.40%) where respondents agreed that auditors compelled them to do something to reduce the tax. However, tax officers endeavored to provide legal backing and explanation for every decision made. The learning process that tax officers took taxpayers through has built a cordial relationship between the two parties. Tax audits, when structured to ensure proper collection of taxes, can lead to minimal tax avoidance and tax evasion and strict compliance with the applicable tax laws, and an enhanced degree of voluntary tax compliance.
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Gunn, Joshua L., and Paul N. Michas. "Auditor Multinational Expertise and Audit Quality." Accounting Review 93, no. 4 (October 1, 2017): 203–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/accr-51925.

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ABSTRACT Over the past several decades, the scope of public companies' operations has become increasingly global. This has led to concern over the ability of audit firms to conduct high-quality audits across geographically dispersed foreign operations. We contribute to the growing body of research in this area by investigating the association between audit quality and local audit offices' expertise in conducting multinational audit engagements. We use two complementary measures to proxy for an audit office's multinational expertise: (1) local multinational market leadership, and (2) country-specific experience. Using a sample of multinational client firms headquartered in the United States, we consistently find that audit quality is stronger when the auditor possesses expertise conducting global group audits, possesses particular expertise in the country where a client has a significant subsidiary, or possesses both types of expertise on an engagement. Several sample partitions reinforce our main results. The results are robust to propensity score matching, as well as a placebo test using clients of the audit office that generate no foreign sales. Our evidence suggests that the challenge of conducting multinational audits is more easily met by auditors with expertise on these types of engagements. JEL Classifications: M40; M42; F23. Data Availability: All data used are publicly available.
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Ettredge, Michael L., Matthew G. Sherwood, and Lili Sun. "Office-Client Balance and Metro Area Audit Market Competition." AUDITING: A Journal of Practice & Theory 39, no. 4 (July 6, 2020): 113–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/ajpt-17-107.

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SUMMARY We propose a new audit supplier competition construct, the Office-Client Balance (OCB), which consists of the relative abundance of competing audit offices and audit clients in a metropolitan (metro) area. From this construct, we derive a metro level audit competition proxy reflecting surpluses or shortfalls of total metro audit office numbers relative to the national metro OCB norm: the OCB_TOT. Consistent with the predictions of Porter's Five Forces theory, we find that OCB_TOT is associated with lower fees, more auditor turnover, and more (less) office exits (entrances) in metro audit markets. These findings validate OCB_TOT as a proxy for audit market competition. Our results indicate that greater metro level competition among auditors (more positive OCB_TOT) is associated with higher audit quality, proxied by fewer financial statement misstatements. Several additional analyses suggest that OCB_TOT is useful in explaining clients' choices of local (versus remote) audit offices and Big 4 (versus non-Big 4) offices. Data Availability: Data used in this study are available from public sources. JEL Classifications: G18; L10; M42.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Audit offices"

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Persson, Elin, and Milla Näsström. "Performance Audits : A study of the factors affecting audit impact in Sweden." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-297948.

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There have been uncertainties to what a performance audit generates, as audit impact have an inherent causality problem. Prior studies present several factors that affect perceived audit impact, but the generalizability is low and not applicable in a Swedish context, thus this thesis contributes to the development of the existing knowledge by investigating audit impact. This thesis consists of a sample of three performance audits which are investigated through a mix methods approach with a total 23 interviews and multiple public documents, analyzed with earlier studies and theories as a benchmark. The findings indicate that audit impact is complex where several factors affect audit impact, this thesis indicated that usefulness and quality of the performance audit are the main factors that affects perceived audit impact. There are also additional effects by the performance audit that fall outside of the audit impact definition. Due to the small sample size and the fact that performance audits often are regulated by local laws one must be careful in what context these findings are solely applied in another context.
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Moravcová, Štěpánka. "Systém kontroly hospodaření organizačních složek státu." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-199252.

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The thesis deals with checking and verification of financial statements the subjects of the public sector. In the first part of the thesis there is mentioned the general characteristic of public sector, there is also described systém of checking and verification financial statements. Practical part of the thesis is dedicated to the Ministry of Regional Development.
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Swartz, Jordan. "Audit Office Growth Under Analysis." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/578932.

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This study researches whether potential indicators of auditor dependence will affect the negative relationship between audit office size and audit quality in growing audit offices. I consider high market concentration and the low average number of public clients available to auditors in a city as indicators of dependency, and an auditor being a market specialist as an indicator of independency. Although the majority of my tests proved inconclusive, I do find some evidence indicating that there may be more to the growth effect than workload balancing. I provide some evidence supporting the hypothesis that the growth effect would be weaker (stronger) when there are more (fewer) potential clients in a local audit market.
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Madsen, Pierre. "Commercial Loan Officers and the Audit Expectation Gap." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-202335.

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The audit expectation gap, generally known as the differences between what users of financialstatements expect from the auditor and what the auditor actually provides, is present andresulting to a widespread concern. This thesis aims to investigate the level and nature of the audit expectation gap betweenauditors and commercial loan officers. In addition, this thesis also asks the question ifeducation is a mean to reduce commercial loan officers’ audit expectation gap. A questionnaire containing seven-point Likert scales with bipolar adjectival statements wassent to auditors and commercial loan officers. The respondents were asked to choose anumber from the scale which identified their level of agreement to either one of thestatements. The results revealed substantial evidence of an audit expectation gap particularly on issuesconcerning auditors’ responsibilities in fraud detection and prevention. Education oncommercial loan officers could reduce the audit expectation gap.
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Yu, Dong Michael. "The effect of big four office size on audit quality." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/4827.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007.
The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on October 15, 2007) Vita. Includes bibliographical references.
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Sangtakoeng, Lt Kasemsak. "An examination of administrative management problems facing the royal Thai army audit office." DigitalCommons@Robert W. Woodruff Library, Atlanta University Center, 1988. http://digitalcommons.auctr.edu/dissertations/3110.

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The main purpose of this paper is to examine the problems facing the Audit Office of the Royal Thai Army. This study is significant because it attempted to examine selected major problems that plague the army as a .whole and the Audit Office in particular. The problems, namely, (a) lack of adequate staffing, (b) inefficient inter-unit communication, and (c) poor record keeping systems go into the very heart of the smooth operations of any organization. The major findings are that the lack of a large pool of qualified university graduates and poor salaries have prevented the army as a whole, and the Audit Office in particular from attracting such personnel into its ranks. In addition, the communication delays caused by seeking approval for clearances as well as the dependence on obsolete technology have impacted negatively on the audit process. The main sources of information for this study were obtained from participant observation and reliance on a variety of secondary data that included books, journals, and documents from the Royal Thai Army.
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Björklund, Lina. "Energy Audit and Energy Saving Measures of a Large Office Building : Bern 9 in Örnsköldsvik." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Energisystem och byggnadsteknik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-32840.

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There is a large potential in making the residential and service sector more energy efficient and the first step towards achieving a more efficient use of energy is to implement an energy audit. In this study a property with an approximate area of 8 000 m2, consisting of a main building and three building extensions from different eras has been examined. The main building and its extensions were built in different stages and the first one in the early 20th century and some parts of the last building extension were modified at the time that the examination was carried out. This indicates that there is a vast energy savings potential in the property and an energy audit was performed. The main aim of the study was to examine where the energy was being used and where energy could be saved. Energy saving measures has been suggested together with a calculated approximate energy decrease and payback period. The total energy savings potential for the measures is approximately 146 MWh. The energy audit showed that a large amount of electricity was being used during non-work hours and that energy was lost through the building envelope. The electricity use during non-work hours was examined during the night walk, however, it is suggested to carry out further examinations regarding the property’s vast electricity use during non-work hours. To add loose wool in the roof of B2 has an energy savings potential of 33 000 kWh/year. Another measure is to clean the heat exchangers, this measure has an energy savings potential of 26 000 kWh/year. Also it is suggested to optimize the operational hours for the lighting by implementing presence control and to decrease the energy use for ventilation by cleaning the heat exchangers. Further examinations that would improve the study would be to do measurements of the electricity and temperatures to get a better understanding of the buildings energy use. Also to model the building in a simulation tool would give a calculated energy loss that is more like the actual energy loss of the building and make the results more reliable.
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Kyeyune-Nyombi, Elizabeth Mary Kalebu. "A communications audit for the Office of Enrollment Services at California State University, San Bernardino." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1989. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/495.

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Neusserová, Sandra. "Rezervy ústavně právního postavení NKÚ v porovnání s obdobnými institucemi v naší historii a ve vybraných státech EU." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-264436.

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This diploma thesis deals with historical development of the Czech Supreme Audit Office and its foreign analogies. The subject of the thesis is to evaluate the current legal status of the Supreme Audit Office and then propose possible modifications with reference to the regulatory audit institutions in European countries. The diploma thesis is divided into two parts. The theoretical part contains material study, theoretical introduction to the control and audit and then examines in detail the historical progress of the Supreme Audit Office in the Czech Republic to its current form. Other chapters are focused on different foreign institutions which are responsible for the national audit. The practical part highlights the differences between the control authorities. The comparison of individual offices is analysed on the basis of the Lima Declaration of Guidelines on Auditing Precepts.
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VIALANEIX, Jeremy. "Energy audits of existing office buildings of the 80’s:On the way of sustainability in France." Thesis, KTH, Uthålliga byggnadssystem, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-103288.

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Books on the topic "Audit offices"

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New Zealand. Parliament. Officers of Parliament Committee. Appointment of auditors to audit Offices of Parliament: Report of the Officers of Parliament Committee. Wellington, N.Z.]: New Zealand House of Representatives, 2007.

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Martin, O'Connor, and New York (State). Legislature. Legislative Commission on Expenditure Review, eds. Program audit: Relocation of state offices from the World Trade Center. Albany, NY: Legislative Commission on Expenditure Review, 1987.

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Pennsylvania. Office of the Auditor General. Audit report for the years ended June 30, 1988 and 1987: Commonwealth of Pennsylvania Executive Offices. Harrisburg, Pa: Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, Office of the Auditor General, 1990.

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Micronesia (Federated States). Office of the Public Auditor. Audit of the Rural Development Agency (RDA) offices in the Federated States of Micronesia : fiscal years 1996 thru 2000. [Pohnpei, FSM: Office of the National Public Auditor, 2002.

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Massachusetts. Office of Student Financial Assistance. Audit and Compliance Division. Audit guide: Audits of Massachusetts Office of Student Financial Assistance financial aid programs. Boston, Mass: Massachusetts Office of Student Financial Assistance, Audit and Compliance Division, 1998.

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General, Michigan Office of the Auditor. Audit report: Performance audit of early on, Michigan Department of Education. Lansing, Michigan: State of Michigan, Office of the Auditor General, 2013.

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Michigan. Office of the Auditor General. Audit report: Performance audit of Mental Health Services, Department of Corrections. Lansing, Michigan: State of Michigan, Office of the Auditor General, 2013.

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Great Britain. Parliament. House of Commons. Committee of Public Accounts. National Audit Office estimate 1994-95. London: HMSO, 1994.

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Great Britain. Parliament. House of Commons. Committee of Public Accounts. National Audit Office estimates 1992-93. London: HMSO, 1992.

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Auditor, Nevada Legislature Legislative. Audit report, Office of Veterans' Services. Carson City, Nev: Legislative Counsel Bureau, 2011.

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Book chapters on the topic "Audit offices"

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Gustavson, Maria. "The National Audit Offices of Botswana and Namibia." In Auditing Good Government in Africa, 106–49. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137282729_5.

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Bailey, Paul. "Shorthand and Audio Systems." In Mastering Office Practice, 84–90. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-07876-9_6.

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Elemes, Anastasios, and Jeff Zeyun Chen. "From lobby to the audit office." In Responsible Finance and Accounting, 116–20. London: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003317333-23.

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Nakane, Kazunari, Hiroshi Kotera, Masao Togawa, and Yoshinori Sakai. "Audio-Document Teleconferencing in the Automated Office." In Languages for Automation, 323–33. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-1388-6_15.

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Nikolaou, Triantafyllia, Dionysia Kolokotsa, George Stavrakakis, Apostolos Apostolou, and Corneliu Munteanu. "Office Building Simulation Models and Simplified Audits." In Managing Indoor Environments and Energy in Buildings with Integrated Intelligent Systems, 33–50. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-21798-7_3.

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Brocato, M., F. Parrini, S. Sciuto, and R. Viadana. "Energy Audit Assessment on Office Buildings Stock: Methodology and First Results." In 1989 2nd European Conference on Architecture, 499–501. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-0556-1_145.

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Dhoska, Klodian, Elena Bebi, Irida Markja, and Giorgio Mustafaraj. "Analysis of Energy Audit in the Architectural Design Office Located in Tirana." In Lecture Notes on Multidisciplinary Industrial Engineering, 244–52. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-48933-4_23.

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De Cindio, Fiorella, and Cristian Peraboni. "Are Online Communities Good for the Civic Audit of Public Spaces, Services, and Officers?" In Online Communities and Social Computing, 673–81. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-02774-1_72.

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Nitsch, Cordula. "Content Analysis in the Research Field of Fictional Entertainment." In Standardisierte Inhaltsanalyse in der Kommunikationswissenschaft – Standardized Content Analysis in Communication Research, 265–75. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-36179-2_23.

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AbstractFictional entertainment accounts for a large share of the overall media content and is very popular with the audience. It is highly diverse in form and content, and differs, for example, regarding media type, genre, and target group. Fictional entertainment comprises novels (e.g., thriller, romance), comic books, TV series (e.g., crime series, daily soaps, medical shows, political drama), children’s programs, feature films, cartoons, box office hits, audio plays, etc. Research on fictional entertainment typically concentrates on audiovisual productions, i.e. TV series and movies.
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Nguyen, Quynh, Emma Jaspaert, Markus Murtinger, Helmut Schrom-Feiertag, Sebastian Egger-Lampl, and Manfred Tscheligi. "Stress Out: Translating Real-World Stressors into Audio-Visual Stress Cues in VR for Police Training." In Human-Computer Interaction – INTERACT 2021, 551–61. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-85616-8_32.

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AbstractVirtual Reality (VR) training has become increasingly important for police first responders in recent years. Improving the training experience in such complex contexts requires ecological validity of virtual training. To achieve this, VR systems need to be capable of simulating the complex experiences of police officers ‘in the field.’ One way to do this is to add stressors into training simulations to induce stress similar to the stress experienced in real-life situations, particularly in situations where this is difficult (e.g., dangerous or resource-intensive) to achieve with traditional training. To include stressors in VR, this paper thus presents the concept of so-called ‘stress cues’ for operationalizing stressors to augment training in VR simulations for the context of police work. Considering the level of complexity of police work and training, a co-creation process that allows for creative collaboration and mitigation of power imbalances was chosen to access the police officers’ knowledge and experience. We assert that stress cues can improve the training experience from the trainer’s perspective as they provide novel interaction design possibilities for trainers to control the training experience. E.g., by actively intervening in training and dynamically changing the interaction space for trainees which also improves the trainee’s experience. Stress cues can also improve the trainee’s experience by enabling personalizable and customizable training based on real-time stress measurements and supplementing information for improved training feedback.
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Conference papers on the topic "Audit offices"

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Arnoni, Yoram (Jerry). "A Process Flow Model of ISO 14001 for the Implementation of an Environmental Management System." In ASME 2001 Engineering Technology Conference on Energy. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/etce2001-17094.

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Abstract There is increasing interest all over the world in Environmental Management Systems. Many Japanese electronic companies have mandated that their plants should be registered to ISO 14001 irrespective of what country they are located in. The big three automobile manufacturers in the United States have requested their suppliers to become registered to ISO 14001 within the next few years. The EPA is openly supporting Environmental Management Systems including ISO 14001. Twenty-two US States have enacted legislation that encourages voluntary environmental audits by granting immunity to certain non-compliance issues that was discovered during the audit, providing prior notice of the audit was given to the state and the auditee had no prior knowledge of the non-compliance. In response to the interest in Environmental Management Systems, this paper highlights the process flow from one environmental core element to the next in flow diagrams and gives examples from a number of implemented systems. There are a number of system concepts comprising of core elements that are described in ISO 14001 but the link between the core elements are not always immediately obvious. The main processes are as follows: • Identifying aspects, evaluating which are significant and then implementing control procedures for those issues, monitoring/measuring the outcome of the controls and reporting to management for corrective action or continuous improvement. • Identification of regulatory issues that apply to the organizations activities, keeping up to date with regulatory changes and reporting to regulatory offices as may be required. • Identifying which aspects that the organization wishes to pursue as an improvement program. The improvement program will include objectives, measurable targets for those objectives, the means by which those objectives will be achieved, the time frame and people responsible for the program. • Internal assessments, corrective actions, preventive actions and management review and re-action. An understanding of the EMS core elements and their inter relationship will be of interest to those who are considering implementing an Environmental management System in their organization.
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Oleksandr, Osaulenko, Volodymyr Panteleiev, and Yakiv Karchev. "Statistical literacy in Ukraine: problems and developments." In Teaching Statistics in a Data Rich World. International Association for Statistical Education, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.52041/srap.17701.

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This poster summarizes the current state of affairs in the Ukrainian system of statistical education and prospects for its development. Ukrainian higher educational institutions teaching economics have trained statistics throughout the study period - both within a general mathematical curriculum (probability theory, mathematical statistics, econometrics, etc.) and as part of vocational training for various economic specialties. Thanks to such features, statistical education is an integral part of training financiers, accountants, auditors, managers, etc. Ukraine has made significant achievements in training specialists in statistics. Lately, ties between higher education institutions and main employers (official statistics and business) have been strengthened, including students' internships in the offices of employers, lectures by leading specialists, and more modern curricula such as ESTP and EMOS. The center for contemporary statistical education of Ukraine is the National Academy of Statistics, Accounting and Audit, whose main mission is the training of highly qualified personnel, primarily for the needs of official statistics, in accordance with international recommendations and educational standards in this field. To implement the program “Learning throughout life”, the Academy has developed training programs for continuous statistical education (retraining and second higher education), popularization of the profession, and a statistical literacy manual for general education schools. The Government of Ukraine has also initiated the creation of a International Statistical Institute for the countries of Eastern Europe, the Caucasus and Central Asia, on the basis of the Academy, as another training center.
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Miranda, Samuel. "Regulation without Transparency Impedes Compliance." In 2022 29th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone29-92653.

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Abstract In November 2020, the Office of the Inspector General (OIG) of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) issued its annual audit plan, which includes an audit concerning transparency (i.e., the public trust and confidence) in the NRC’s regulatory activities. [3] The audit will examine the NRC’s practice of allowing “drop-in” visits, by senior executives of licensees, especially during times when the NRC staff could be evaluating and deciding on regulatory matters that directly affect the interests of those licensees. In 2017, the OIG conducted a related audit that also focused upon the public’s trust and confidence in the NRC. [4] That audit examined the NRC’s procedure that governed its evaluation of 10 CFR §2.206 enforcement petitions. The OIG found that the NRC staff had not issued a single enforcement order, as the result of 38 enforcement petitions that it had received in the prior three fiscal years, ending in 2016. The OIG concluded that, the lack of such actions could adversely affect the public’s perspective on the effectiveness of the agency’s 10 CFR 2.206 petition process. Both audits are discussed herein, via examples that illustrate the NRC’s implementation of its policy of transparency, in theory and practice.
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Zellmer, Tyler J., Paul T. Freeman, John R. Wagner, Kim E. Alexander, and Philip Pidgeon. "A Mobile Tailgating Detection System for Law Enforcement Surveillance." In ASME 2014 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2014-5884.

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A number of automotive crashes occur each year due to semitrailers following passenger vehicles too closely on interstate highways and secondary roads. This hazardous practice, called tailgating, accounted for over 40% of the 110,000 trailer-passenger vehicle crashes recorded by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) in 2010. Tailgating is difficult to detect and document using visual methods and law enforcement agencies must depend on trained officers, whose abilities may be limited. In this paper, a proposed tailgating detection system, mounted to the officer’s patrol vehicle, continuously monitors both passenger and commercial vehicles, as the officer travels down the roadway. A rotating laser range-finding sensor feeds information to a microprocessor that continuously searches for the occurrence of tailgating. A weighting algorithm determines when a tailgating event has definitively occurred to reduce system sensitivity. If an event is detected, the officer is notified with audio and visual cues. A time stamped record including all relevant system information for later use in legal prosecution is also produced. In a virtual case study, the computer generated roadway environment was populated with vehicles of varying velocity and location. The numerical results show that the detection algorithm was able to successfully locate all of the virtual vehicles and accurately determine tailgating events under a number of different simulation conditions.
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Dose, Thies, and Gunar Kachel. "Business-Oriented Reserves and Resource Management - Experiences from a Merger." In SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/206322-ms.

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Abstract In May 2019, the merger between Wintershall GmbH and DEA Deutsche Erdoel AG was closed, which was the start of Wintershall Dea.This paper provides detailed insight into managing reserves and resource information during this merger. After merger, three resource management activities required attention: (i) combining existing resources reporting, (ii) defining a lean but effective resources management and control system, and (iii) ensuring readiness for Initial Public Offering (IPO) by establishing an external independent evaluation of resources ("external resource audit"). This paper describes objectives, challenges and solutions on reserves and resources reporting of the new company. The merged reserves and resources database of the previous year's reports had to consider audits from two different reporting systems in parallel to four different external auditors.With priorities defined by status of external auditing, operatorship and asset share a common database was derived and could immediately be used for financial transactions such as the issuance of an inaugural bond. The new system for internal reporting of petroleum resources provides a fit-for-purpose approach, such as a consistent interpretation of commerciality criteria or definition of resources sub-classes.Particular attention was paid to synergies with respect to business planning, strategic portfolio analysis, and a link to technology & innovation. By defining specific attributes and sub-processes, the portfolio can be analyzed systematically. This provides additional insights and ensures synergies with business planning, strategic planning as well as internal technology initiatives. A systematic resource control system is defined focusing on internal review, external and internal audits as well as synergetic use of project reviews. Moreover, a feedback loop for continuous improvement of reservoir management allows attending to important audit observations. The external resource audit to ensure IPO readiness was structured to assign tasks for head office, business units and auditing company.The sequence of events from introduction to assets to reconciliation of differences between auditor and company was set-up, executed and monitored.Focus was on the definition of a structured but agile approach for external independent evaluation of all reserves and contingent resources.
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Garcia, Osmarina Pedro Garcia, Leticia Mara Rocha, Elias Garcia, and Udo Strassburg. "AUDIT SYSTEM: SHOWING ACCOUNTING ADVICE OFFICE'S POINTS OF AUDIT OF SYSTEMS." In 10th CONTECSI International Conference on Information Systems and Technology Management. Sao Paulo: TECSI, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.5748/9788599693094-10contecsi/rf-351.

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Zailan, Roziah, Mohammad Ismail Yousef Al Biajawi, Mohd Faizal Md Jaafar, Norhaiza Ghazali, and Khairul Anuar Shahid. "Lighting Audit for Energy Conservation and Safety and Health in the Academic Office Building." In World Sustainable Construction Conference Series 2022. Switzerland: Trans Tech Publications Ltd, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-2f4ly8.

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A lighting audit is an investigational process that measures conditions against standards to determine any lighting improvement measures. The objective of this study is to conduct a lighting audit to evaluate the level of existing lighting in the work environment of the academic faculty building. The lighting audit for the faculty buildings consists of a walk-through audit, lighting desktop work, field data measurement, and lighting analysis. The illuminance level cross-checks with the MS 1525:2019 and the lighting guideline from the Department of Safety and Health Malaysia. The illuminance analysis finding denotes most areas have violated the standards and are in overlit status. Few lighting conservation measures were proposed and prioritized the LED lighting installation. Economic analysis for retrofitting of LED lighting generates energy saving at 30%, a return on investment of two months, and about 6.60-tonne CO2 emission reduction annually. The LED lighting installation shows attractive investment and has good potential at higher luminous efficacy around 40-256 Lm/Watt for the respective areas.
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Nemeth, David, and Troy I. Walda. "The Pipe Inspection Lifecycle." In 2014 10th International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2014-33594.

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Energy Transfer has implemented a new, comprehensive field-inspection system for the pipe inspection lifecycle that encompasses aerial observations, pipe exposures, foreign line crossings, in-line inspections, anomaly remediation, pipe inspection, and integrity sheet generation. In order to ensure the integrity of the pipe inspection program, the field inspection solution required full audit-trail capabilities, front-side data validation, and full integration with the corporate-wide GIS and Engineering Data Management System. Additionally, to ensure the success of the new inspection program, the inspection solution required a highly intuitive and field user-friendly interface, the ability to work equally well in both connected and disconnected environments, interactive mapping functionality, very high reliability, and a process-driven architecture. Energy Transfer owns and operates approximately 43,000 miles of natural gas, natural gas liquids, refined products, and crude oil pipelines. Due to the size and diversity of Energy Transfer’s assets, the corporate GIS system must be distributed across seven independent instances consisting of server pools and large-scale relational database management systems (RDBMS). Although each system must be functionally independent, the field inspection system and the inspection process must interact with each server and RDBMS instance with equal functionality and be able to report on all pipe inspection activities across the enterprise. The inspection system is used by over 1,200 Energy Transfer employees and contractors, and approximately 15,000 inspections are performed annually. The system supports a variety of devices, such as: laptops, tablet computers, iOS devices (i.e., iPads, iPhones), and Android devices. Whether on foot, in vehicles or aircraft, users can enter information from the platform that best meets the needs of their individual environment. Information collected on any device is available for continuance of the pipe inspection lifecycle on any other device and is available in real time at the corporate offices via a Web portal. The Web portal provides visualization tools for both business and engineering analysis such as progress tracking and remediation planning. These functions are supported through the portal’s integrated mapping, dash boarding, and a reporting functionality that includes advanced search capabilities for both comparative and predictive analysis. In addition to utilization for the pipe inspection lifecycle, the inspection system is being used for a variety of other inspection and regulatory compliance-related activities, including: cathodic protection, incident reporting, corrosion assessment, DOT structure location, MAOP-MOP establishment, shallow cover, unmetered gas loss, and many more right-of-way related activities.
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Iliev, Plamen. "E-COMMERCE AND CHALLENGES TO CONTROL." In 4th International Scientific Conference – EMAN 2020 – Economics and Management: How to Cope With Disrupted Times. Association of Economists and Managers of the Balkans, Belgrade, Serbia, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31410/eman.2020.225.

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The topic of e-commerce has become more and more relevant in the last few years. With the advancement of technology and the ever-increasing power of the internet, many people choose this type of presentation instead of the classic “physical” store or office. Of course, this has its advantages: saving a lot of costs, unlimited market, saving time in endless shopping, and more. With the ever-expanding Internet market, online shopping and retailers offering similar types of services have also become more frequent. Tax authorities are increasingly paying attention to this growing industry. In the tax practice, there are already a large number of merchants who have been severely sanctioned for failing to comply with legal requirements for online business. With regard to the distance selling of goods and services / via e-commerce or otherwise / within the EU there are specific provisions in the European VAT Directive creating obligations to register and charge VAT in the country of consumption. Member States tax administrations are also looking for new and more effective digital business control methods to reduce non-taxation and to increase tax collection. That is why a number of countries are introducing electronic audits / audits / on the basis of enhanced exchange of information and control in real time, such as the new requirements of the H-18 Regulations for cash registers and the introduction of CPRMS / Commercial Property Revenue Management System. The topic presented on the need and application of electronic controls and audits has been particularly relevant in recent years globally. It is linked to the rapid pace of e-commerce development and the increasing profits in the sector at the expense of tax avoidance. This is precisely where the research proves the need to apply and develop control over e-commerce, in conclusion, it can even be assumed that the organization and implementation of electronic control / audit is even delayed.
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Meiryani, Meiryani, Klara Karlita Rianty, Zaidi Mat Daud, Tommy Andrian, and Ilham Condro Prabowo. "The Effect of Audit Service Market Concentration and Power Market of Public Accountant Office on Audit Fee." In ICEBT 2021: 2021 5th International Conference on E-Education, E-Business and E-Technology. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3474880.3474901.

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Reports on the topic "Audit offices"

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DEFENSE CONTRACT AUDIT AGENCY MEMPHIS TN. Directory of Federal Contractors and Cognizant Audit Offices. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, December 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada286830.

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Friedman, G. H. Office of Inspector General audit of alternatives to testing at the Tonopah Test Range. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/584987.

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Davis, Carolyn R., Janet Stern, Laura A. Rainey, Monica M. Harrigan, and Ashley Harris. Audit Oversight: Quality Control Review of PricewaterhouseCoopers, LLP and the Defense Contract Audit Agency Office of Management and Budget Circular A-133 Audit Report of the Institute for Defense Analyses, Fiscal Year Ended September 28, 2001. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada431497.

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Berry, Wayne C., M. T. Heacock, Janet Stern, David H. Griffin, and Krista S. Gordon. Audit Oversight: Report on Quality Control Review of KPMG, LLP and Defense Contract Audit Agency Office of Management and Budget Circular No. A-133 Audit Report of Illinois Institute of Technology Research Institute Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 1997. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada400364.

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Gildner, M. Department of Energy MHTGR (Modular High Temperature Gas Reactor) Plant Design Control Office quality assurance audit report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/7126652.

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DoD Office of Inspector General. Summary of DoD Office of the Inspector General Audits of DoD Financial Management Challenges. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ad1001796.

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Steensma, David K., Wayne K. Million, Carolyn R. Milbourn, John M. Delaware, and Robert A. McGriff. Congressional Request for Audit of General and Flag Officers' Quarters and Distinguished Visitors' Quarters at Bolling Air Force Base. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, December 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada377236.

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ARMY RESEARCH LAB ADELPHI MD. Report on Quality Control Review of Pricewaterhousecoopers LLP and Defense Contract Audit Agency for Office of Management and Budget Circular NO. A-133 Audit Report of Massachusetts Institute of Technology Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 1999. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada385343.

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Tilahun, Nathanael, and Abebe G. Yihdego. Unsuccessful Implementation of the OECD Transfer Pricing Guidelines in Low-Income Countries: The Case of Ethiopia. Institute of Development Studies, May 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ictd.2024.033.

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This policy brief is extracted from a full-fledged research report financed by the International Centre for Tax and Development through the Ethiopian Tax Research Network and published in the British Tax Review, Issue 2, 2023. Much international technical assistance is directed towards increasing the capacity of tax authorities in low-income countries to understand and effectively implement the OECD Transfer Pricing Guidelines and thus retain their fair share of revenue from the transnational economic transactions of multinational enterprises. The outcome of such assistance in the case of Ethiopia has been generally disappointing. Despite more than a decade of effort and nearly two decades since the initial introduction of transfer pricing rules in the tax system, the Ethiopian tax administration has not successfully completed a single transfer pricing audit. Three country-specific factors explain the poor implementation of transfer pricing rules in Ethiopia: the inability of tax officers to adapt from long-standing practices that run counter to OECD Guidelines, institutional ambiguity and rivalry among tax policy and enforcement organs, and the possibility of mock compliance with international standards without there being any such compliance in practice. Resolving some of the critical changes requires external technical assistance and decisive internal political and technocratic leadership, among other things.
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Symonenko, Svitlana V., Viacheslav V. Osadchyi, Svitlana O. Sysoieva, Kateryna P. Osadcha, and Albert A. Azaryan. Cloud technologies for enhancing communication of IT-professionals. [б. в.], July 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/3861.

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The paper deals with the urgent problem of enabling better communication of IT-specialists in their business and interpersonal interaction using information and communication technologies, including cloud technologies. It is emphasized, that effective communication is an integral part of the successful professional work of IT-professionals, but in recent years it has undergone significant transformations, which have been expressed in new forms and means of communication, its content changes, its complications and volume increases, the need to improve its accuracy, and the level of understanding for a wide range of people. Certain peculiarities of communication in the IT-environment have been discussed. It is noted that typical forms of communication in the IT-environment are synchronous and asynchronous ones. The authors insist that during their professional career IT-specialists communicate in the professional community from a variety of positions and common types of task formulation can be expressed through verbal or symbolic communication means. Due to the specifics of their professional activities, IT-professionals often need to communicate using synchronous communication (chats, video chats, audio chats, instant messaging) and asynchronous communication (email, forums, comments) tools, hence there is a demand to teach corresponding communication skills at universities. Certain practical examples of teaching communication skills using modern technologies are given. Advantages of cloud technologies for better communication within a company or an educational institution are presented. Microsoft Office 365 services, which can be successfully used to enable better communication and collaboration within a company or an educational institution are analyzed.
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