Relevant bibliographies by topics / AUC

Academic literature on the topic 'AUC'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 6 September 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "AUC"

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Porrata, Luis F., Kay M. Ristow, Joseph P. Colgan, Thomas M. Habermann, Thomas E. Witzig, David James Inwards, Stephen M. Ansell, et al. "Peripheral Blood Lymphocyte/Monocyte Ratio At Diagnosis Is Independent of the Cell of Origin in Predicting Survival in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma,." Blood 118, no. 21 (November 18, 2011): 3652. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v118.21.3652.3652.

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Abstract Abstract 3652 Purpose: Gene expression profiling has shown biologically distinct cell of origin categories for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL): germinal center B-cell like (GCB), and activated-B-cell like (ABC). GCB, DLBCL patients experienced better clinical outcomes compared with ABC, DLBCL patients. However, gene microarray technology is not broadly available in a non-research setting. Absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) at diagnosis is a prognostic factor for survival in DLBCL. Recently, gene-expression profiling and immunohistochemistry-based studies in non-Hosgkin's lymphoma demonstrate the important role of monocytes and their progeny, particularly lymphoma-associated macrophages, in promoting lymphomagenesis. thus, we studied if the peripheral blood absolute lymphocyte count/absolute monocyte count at diagnosis (ALC/AMC-DX), as a surrogate biomarker of the host response against the cell of origin in DLBCL, affects survival in DLBCL. Patients and Methods: We perfromed a retrospective analysis of the association between ALC/AMC-DX and survival in 131 consecutive DLBCL patients that were followed at Mayo Clinic from 2004 to 2010, with available tissue immunostaining for CD10, BCL6, MUM 1, and BCL 2 (Hans' algorithm) to identified GCB and ABC DLBCL patients. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and area under the curve (AUC) analyses were used for ALC/AMC-DX cut-off value determientaion and proportional-hazards models wee used to compare survival based on the ALC/AMC-DX. Results: The cohort included 91 (70%) GCb DLBCL patients and 40 (30%) ABC, DLBCL patients. All patients were treated with rituximab, cyclosphosphamide, adriamycin, vincristine, and prednisone (R-CHOP-21). The median follow-up period was 2.1 years (range 0.1–6.9 years). An ALC/AMC-DX >= 1.5 was the best cut-off value for survival with an empircal AUC of 0.83 (95% CI, 0.77 to 0.89), a sensitivity of 83% (95% CL, 72% to 92%) and specificity of 79% (95%CI, 72% to 85%). The cut-off value for ALC/AMC-DX >= 1.5 was validated by the k-fold cross validation method, showing a cross validation ROC with an AUC of 0.89 (95%CI, 0.80 to 0.95) for an ALC/AMC-DX >=1.5. Using Kaplan-Meier analysis, the overall survival (OS), defined as the time from diagnosis to last follow-up or death due to any cause; and progression-free survival (PFS), defined as the time from diagnosis to death of any cause, relapse, progression, or last follow-up, based on ALC/AMC-DX >= 1.5 were evaluated. patients with an ALC/AMC-DX >=1.5 experienced a superior OS and PFS compared with patients with an ALC/AMC-DX < 1.5: [OS: median was not reached vs 20.8 months, 5-years OS rates of 83% (95%CI, 70% to 95%) vs 36% (95%CI, 20% to 55%), p < 0.0001, respectively; and PFS: median was not reached vs 10.8 months, 5-years PFS rates of 70% (95%CI, 58% to 88%) vs 28% (95% CI, 17% to 46%), p < 0.0001, respectively]. Multivariate Cox stepwise regression analysis identified cell of origin, International Prognostic Index (IPI) and ALC/AMC-DX as the strongest predictors for OS and PFS, with ALC/AMC-DX out-performing cell of origin and IPI: OS [HR = 0.17, 95%CI, 0.07 to 0.36, p < 0.0001] and PFS [HR=0.21, 955CI, 0.11 to 0.39, p < 0.001]. conclusion: ALC/AMC-DX is independent of the cell of origin to predict survival and provides a single biomarker to predict clinical outcomes in DLBCL. Confirmatory studies are required. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Zhao, Songzhu, Mingjia Li, Daniel Spakowicz, Sandip H. Patel, Andrew Johns, Madison Grogan, Abdul Miah, et al. "Neutrophil-lymphocyte score: A novel prognostic scoring system that utilized the dynamic change of neutrophil, lymphocyte, and albumin and its comparison to other indices." Journal of Clinical Oncology 38, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2020): 3048. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2020.38.15_suppl.3048.

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3048 Background: Indications for immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) in cancer care are expanding rapidly. There is increasing need for accurate decision tool to better guide treatment. We have constructed a new prognostic scoring system, neutrophil-lymphocyte score (NRS), based on the nonlinear dynamic change of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in relation to survival over the first cycle of ICI treatment. We compared this novel system to existing indices such as NLR, lymphocyte to monocyte ratio (LMR), platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR), Advanced Lung Cancer Inflammation Index (ALI), and Systemic Immune-inflammation Index (SII). Methods: This is a retrospective analysis of 837 patients at Ohio State University from 2011-18. Neutrophil (ANC), lymphocyte (ALC), platelet (plt), monocyte (AMC), albumin (alb), and body mass index (BMI) were collected at baseline. Repeat labs were collected at cycle 2. NLR = ANC/ALC, ALI = BMI x alb / NLR, LMR = ALC/AMC, SII = platelet x NLR, PLR = plt/ALC. NLR Ratio = baseline NLR / repeat NLR. Based on the association between NLR and the overall survival, we assigned 1 point (p) for baseline NLR < 0.7, 6p for 0.7 to < 2, 5p for 2 to < 3, 4 p for 3 to < 4, 3 for 4 to 5, 2p for 5 to < 9, and 1p for ≥9. We also assigned 1p for NLR ratio < 0.6, 2p for 0.6 to < 0.8, 3p for 0.8 to < 1.2, 5p for 1.25 to < 1.4, 3p for 1.4 to < 1.6, and 2p for ≥1.6. NLS = sum of these 2 scores . NLS_A = NLS*alb. Time-dependent receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves with integrated time-dependent area under the curve (TD AUC) values were used to evaluate the predictive accuracy of each index for survival. Results: For baseline and repeat values, all indices were statistically significant (P < 0.001) in predicting survival. Baseline integrated TD AUC were: ALI 0.704, NLR 0.692, SII 0.663, LMR 0.645, and PLR 0.612. All of the repeat indices at cycle 2 had higher prognostic value than their baseline counterparts. Integrated TD AUC for indices at cycle 2 were: ALI 0.740 (with baseline BMI), NLR 0.729, SII 0.694, LMR 0.671, and PLR 0.652. NLS_A was a composite score based on the dynamic change of NLR from cycle 1 to 2 and the treatment alb with integrated TD-AUC at 0.754. Conclusions: Indices constructed from ANC, ALC, AMC, Plt, alb, and BMI can be obtained inexpensively and provide great prognostic value for pts on ICI. We have constructed a novel scoring system (NLS_A) and demonstrated its improvement over the current prognostic indices. Studies with a larger cohort are needed to further improve and validate this system.
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Gómez-Veiras, Javier, Ángel Salgado-Barreira, José Luis Vázquez, Margarita Montero-Sánchez, José Ramón Fernández-Lorenzo, and Marcos Prada-Arias. "Value of Fibrinogen to Discriminate Appendicitis from Nonspecific Abdominal Pain in Preschool Children." European Journal of Pediatric Surgery 30, no. 04 (June 12, 2019): 357–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1692166.

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Introduction The aim of this study was to assess the diagnostic value of the biomarker fibrinogen (FB), along with the markers white blood cell (WBC) count, absolute neutrophil count (ANC), and C-reactive protein (CRP), to discriminate appendicitis from nonspecific abdominal pain (NSAP) in preschool children. Materials and Methods We prospectively evaluated all children aged <5 years admitted for suspected appendicitis at an academic pediatric emergency department during 5 years. Diagnostic accuracy of FB (prothrombin time–derived method), WBC, ANC, and CRP were assessed by the area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver-operating characteristic curve. Results A total of 82 patients were enrolled in the study (27 NSAP, 17 uncomplicated, and 38 complicated appendicitides). WBC and ANC had moderate diagnostic accuracy for appendicitis versus NSAP (WBC: AUC 0.66, ANC: AUC 0.67). CRP and FB had good diagnostic accuracy for appendicitis versus NSAP (CRP: AUC 0.78, FB: AUC 0.77). WBC and ANC are not useful to discriminate complicated versus uncomplicated appendicitis (WBC: AUC 0.43, ANC: AUC 0.45). CPR and FB had good diagnostic accuracy for complicated versus uncomplicated appendicitis (CRP: AUC 0.80, FB: AUC 0.73). Conclusion CRP and FB are more useful than WBC and ANC to discriminate appendicitis from NSAP in preschool children. CRP and FB are especially useful to discriminate complicated from uncomplicated appendicitis and NSAP. In a child with suspected appendicitis, a plasma FB level (prothrombin time–derived method) >540 mg/dL is associated with an increased likelihood of complicated appendicitis.
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Owusu-Boadu, Bridgitte, Isaac Kofi Nti, Owusu Nyarko-Boateng, Justice Aning, and Victoria Boafo. "Academic Performance Modelling with Machine Learning Based on Cognitive and Non-Cognitive Features." Applied Computer Systems 26, no. 2 (December 1, 2021): 122–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/acss-2021-0015.

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Abstract The academic performance of students is essential for academic progression at all levels of education. However, the availability of several cognitive and non-cognitive factors that influence students’ academic performance makes it challenging for academic authorities to use conventional analytical tools to extract hidden knowledge in educational data. Therefore, Educational Data Mining (EDM) requires computational techniques to simplify planning and determining students who might be at risk of failing or dropping from school due to academic performance, thus helping resolve student retention. The paper studies several cognitive and non-cognitive factors such as academic, demographic, social and behavioural and their effect on student academic performance using machine learning algorithms. Heterogenous lazy and eager machine learning classifiers, including Decision Tree (DT), K-Nearest-Neighbour (KNN), Artificial Neural Network (ANN), Logistic Regression (LR), Random Forest (RF), AdaBoost and Support Vector Machine (SVM) were adopted and training was performed based on k-fold (k = 10) and leave-one-out cross-validation. We evaluated their predictive performance using well-known evaluation metrics like Area under Curve (AUC), F-1 score, Precision, Accuracy, Kappa, Matthew’s correlation coefficient (MCC) and Recall. The study outcome shows that Student Absence Days (SAD) are the most significant predictor of students’ academic performance. In terms of prediction accuracy and AUC, the RF (Acc = 0.771, AUC = 0.903), LR (Acc = 0.779, AUC = 0.90) and ANN (Acc = 0.760, AUC = 0.895) outperformed all other algorithms (KNN (Acc = 0.638, AUC = 0.826), SVM (Acc = 0.727, AUC = 0.80), DT (Acc = 0.733, AUC = 0.876) and AdaBoost (Acc = 0.748, AUC = 0.808)), making them more suitable for predicting students’ academic performance.
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Ramesh, Jayanthy, Johann Varghese, S. L. Sagar Reddy, and Moganti Rajesh. "Systemic inflammatory index a simple marker of thrombo-inflammation and prognosis in severe COVID-19 patients." International Journal of Advances in Medicine 8, no. 9 (August 21, 2021): 1335. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20213165.

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Background: COVID-19 pandemic has challenged the healthcare resources globally, inspiring the need for identifying simple, economical biomarkers. COVID-19 is an immune-inflammatory disorder and systemic inflammatory index (SII) derived from the peripheral blood has been proposed as a marker.Methods: Retrospective study of severe COVID-19 hospitalized patients (total N=154 including diabetic subset N=57). Data regarding hematological variables such as absolute neutrophil count (ANC), absolute lymphocyte count (ALC), platelet count along with thrombo-inflammatory proteins, D-dimer, C-reactive protein (CRP) were extracted from medical records. SII was calculated from ANC×platelets/lymphocyte count. Clinically applicable cut-offs were derived using the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis for SII, CRP and D-dimer. Correlations between hematological parameters and D-dimer, CRP were analyzed to validate them as biomarkers of thrombo-inflammation and as predictors of clinical outcome.Results: Among 154 severe COVID-19 patients, significant association with mortality was seen with respect to ANC (p<0.001), SII (p=0.01), CRP (p=0.004) and D-dimer (p=0.001). In the total COHORT, based on ROC curve, applicable cut-off for outcome prediction were for SII 14.85×105 (area under curve (AUC)-0.691, sensitivity-67%, specificity-64%,odds ratio (OR)-3.44), CRP 19.7 mg/l (AUC-0.718, OR-5.71), D-dimer 0.285 mcg/ml (AUC-0.773, OR-6.94) respectively. In the diabetic subset, the cut-offs for SII 14.85×105 (AUC-0.68, sensitivity-80%, specificity-54%, OR-4.7), CRP 52.5 mg/l (AUC-0.723, OR-5.36) and D-dimer 0.285 mcg/ml (AUC-0.771, OR-11.3) respectively.Conclusions: Clinically applicable thresholds for SII serve as reliable biomarkers of thrombo-inflammation and prognosis in severe COVID-19 patients. Diabetic patients with similar thresholds had higher risk and prediction for mortality. In the resource constrained health care settings, who might not afford D-dimer, SII may serve as an economical bio-maker.
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Madrazo, Ivan, Monserrat Fabiola Vélez, Josue Jonathan Hidalgo, Ginna Ortiz, Juan José Suárez, Leonardo M. Porchia, M. Elba Gonzalez-Mejia, and Esther López-Bayghen. "Prediction of severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome in women undergoing in vitro fertilization using estradiol levels, collected ova, and number of follicles." Journal of International Medical Research 48, no. 8 (August 2020): 030006052094555. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0300060520945551.

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Objective Our objective was to determine whether estradiol (E2) levels (Day 3 and fold change to Day 10), antral follicle count (AFC), and number of ova collected could predict ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) and culdocentesis intervention. Methods We conducted a retrospective review of patient charts between January 2008 and December 2017. OHSS was defined using American Society for Reproductive Medicine criteria. Predictability was evaluated by measuring the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). Results The cohort included 319 women (166 controls, 153 OHSS, of whom 54 had severe OHSS). The OHSS group had higher E2Day 3 (249 ± 177 vs. 150 ± 230 ng/L), E2FoldChange (32.2 ± 29.1 vs. 20.1 ± 23.8), AFC (18.2 ± 9.1 vs. 11.6 ± 8.3), and number of ova collected (21.1 ± 9.0 vs. 10.1 ± 6.5). E2Day 3 (AUC = 0.76, 95%CI: 0.71–0.82), E2FoldChange (AUC = 0.71, 95%CI: 0.65–0.77), AFC (AUC = 0.75, 95%CI: 0.70–0.81), and number of ova collected (AUC = 0.85, 95%CI: 0.81–0.89) were predictive for OHSS. All variables were predictive for culdocentesis intervention (E2Day 3: AUC = 0.63, 95%CI: 0.55–0.70; E2FoldChange: AUC = 0.63, 95%CI: 0.55–0.71; AFC: AUC = 0.74, 95%CI: 0.68–0.80; number of ova collected: AUC = 0.80, 95%CI: 0.75–0.85). Conclusions Day 3 E2 levels and number of ova collected predict patients who could develop OHSS and may require culdocentesis.
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Desiato, Vincenzo, Alan S. Rosman, Elliot Newman, Russell S. Berman, H. Leon Pachter, and Marcovalerio Melis. "Changes in apparent diffusion coefficient evaluated with diffusion-weighted MRI to predict complete pathologic response after neoadjuvant therapy for rectal cancer: Literature review and meta-analysis." Journal of Clinical Oncology 34, no. 4_suppl (February 1, 2016): 503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2016.34.4_suppl.503.

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503 Background: A complete pathological response (pCR) is observed in 9-38% of all patients undergoing neo-adjuvant chemo-radiation therapy (CRT) for locally advanced rectal cancer (ARC). Imaging techniques that can reliably assess CRT results may enhance identification of those pCR patients for which surgery may potentially be avoided. Recently, several studies have suggested that diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) may predict pathologic response by measuring tumor apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC). ADC can be measured before (pre-ADC) and/or after CRT (post-ADC). Both pre- and post-ADC, as well as the variation between pre- and post-ADC (Δ-ADC) can be used to assess pCR. We aimed to assess the reliability of ADC at predicting pCR in ARC patients treated with CRT. To determine the most effective ADC timing to evaluate pCR. Methods: A systematic review of available literature was conducted to compare all the studies of DW-MRI for identification of pCR after CRT for ARC. For each parameter (pre-ADC, post-ADC and D-ADC) we pooled sensitivity and specificity and calculated the area (AUC) under the summary receiver operating characteristics (sROC) curve. Results: We found 10 prospective and 8 retrospective studies examining correlation of ADC and CRT results. Overall, pCR rate was 25%. Pooled sensitivity, specificity, and AUC were: 0.743, 0.755, and 0.841 for pre-ADC; 0.745, 0.706, and 0.782 for post-ADC; and 0.832, 0.806, and 0.895 for D-ADC. Conclusions: Our meta-analysis confirms that at least 25% of patients with ARC experiences pCR after CRT. DW-MRI is a promising technique for assessment of CRT results and D-ADC appears to be the most effective parameter for prediction of pCR.
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Di Donna, Mariano Catello, Giuseppe Cucinella, Giulia Zaccaria, Giuseppe Lo Re, Agata Crapanzano, Sergio Salerno, Vincenzo Giallombardo, et al. "Concordance of Radiological, Laparoscopic and Laparotomic Scoring to Predict Complete Cytoreduction in Women with Advanced Ovarian Cancer." Cancers 15, no. 2 (January 13, 2023): 500. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers15020500.

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Objective: To identify the best method among the radiologic, laparoscopic and laparotomic scoring assessment to predict the outcomes of cytoreductive surgery in patients with advanced ovarian cancer (AOC). Methods: Patients with AOC who underwent pre-operative computed tomography (CT) scan, laparoscopic evaluation, and cytoreductive surgery between August 2016 and February 2021 were retrospectively reviewed. Predictive Index (PI) score and Peritoneal Cancer Index (PCI) scores were used to estimate the tumor load and predict the residual disease in the primary debulking surgery (PDS) and interval debulking surgery (IDS) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) groups. Concordance percentages were calculated between the two scores. Results: Among 100 eligible patients, 69 underwent PDS, and 31 underwent NACT and IDS. Complete cytoreduction was achieved in 72.5% of patients in the PDS group and 77.4% in the IDS. In patients undergoing PDS, the laparoscopic PI and the laparotomic PCI had the best accuracies for complete cytoreduction (R0) [area under the curve (AUC) = 0.78 and AUC = 0.83, respectively]. In the IDS group, the laparotomic PI (AUC = 0.75) and the laparoscopic PCI (AUC= 0.87) were associated with the best accuracy in R0 prediction. Furthermore, radiological assessment, through PI and PCI, was associated with the worst accuracy in either PDS or IDS group (PI in PDS: AUC = 0.64; PCI in PDS: AUC = 0.64; PI in IDS: AUC = 0.46; PCI in IDS: AUC = 0.47). Conclusion: The laparoscopic score assessment had high accuracy for optimal cytoreduction in AOC patients undergoing PDS or IDS. Integrating diagnostic laparoscopy in the decision-making algorithm to accurately triage AOC patients to different treatment strategies seems necessary.
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Taffel, Myles T., Lyndon Luk, Justin M. Ream, and Andrew B. Rosenkrantz. "Exploratory Study of Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Histogram Metrics in Assessing Pancreatic Malignancy." Canadian Association of Radiologists Journal 70, no. 4 (November 2019): 416–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carj.2019.07.001.

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Purpose To evaluate whole-lesion 3D-histogram apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) metrics for assessment of pancreatic malignancy. Methods Forty-two pancreatic malignancies (36 pancreatic adenocarcinoma [PDAC], 6 pancreatic neuroendocrine [PanNET]) underwent abdominal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with diffusion-weighted imaging before endoscopic ultrasound biopsy or surgical resection. Two radiologists independently placed 3D volumes of interest to derive whole-lesion histogram ADC metrics. Mann-Whitney tests and receiver operating characteristic analyses were used to assess metrics’ diagnostic performance for lesion histology, T-stage, N-stage, and grade. Results Whole-lesion ADC histogram metrics lower in PDACs than PanNETs for both readers ( P ≤ .026) were mean ADC (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.787-0.792), mean of the bottom 10th percentile (mean0-10) (AUC = 0.787-0.880), mean of the 10th-25th percentile (mean10-25) (AUC = 0.884-0.917) and mean of the 25th-50th percentile (mean25-50) (AUC = 0.829-0.829). For mean10-25 (metric with highest AUC for identifying PDAC), for reader 1 a threshold > 0.94 × 10−3 mm2/s achieved sensitivity 94% and specificity 83%, and for reader 2 a threshold > 0.82 achieved sensitivity 97% and specificity 67%. Metrics lower in nodal status ≥ N1 than N0 for both readers ( P ≤ .043) were mean0-10 (AUC = 0.789-0.822) and mean10-25 (AUC = 0.800-0.822). For mean10-25 (metric with highest AUC for identifying N0), for reader 1 a threshold <1.17 achieved sensitivity 87% and specificity 67%, and for reader 2 a threshold <1.04 achieved sensitivity 87% and specificity 83%. No metric was associated with T-stage ( P > .195) or grade ( P > .215). Conclusion Volumetric ADC histogram metrics may serve as non-invasive biomarkers of pancreatic malignancy. Mean10-25 outperformed standard mean for lesion histology and nodal status, supporting the role of histogram analysis.
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Huang, Junpeng, Sixiang Ling, Xiyong Wu, and Rui Deng. "GIS-Based Comparative Study of the Bayesian Network, Decision Table, Radial Basis Function Network and Stochastic Gradient Descent for the Spatial Prediction of Landslide Susceptibility." Land 11, no. 3 (March 17, 2022): 436. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land11030436.

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Landslides frequently occur along the eastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau, which poses a risk to the construction, maintenance, and transportation of the proposed Dujiangyan city to Siguniang Mountain (DS) railway, China. Therefore, four advanced machine learning models, namely, the Bayesian network (BN), decision table (DTable), radial basis function network (RBFN), and stochastic gradient descent (SGD), are proposed in this study to delineate landslide susceptibility zones. First, a landslide inventory map was randomly divided into 828 (75%) samples and 276 (25%) samples for training and validation, respectively. Second, the One-R technique was utilized to analyze the importance of 14 variables. Then, the prediction capability of the four models was validated and compared in terms of different statistical indices (accuracy (ACC) and Cohen’s kappa coefficient (k)) and the areas under the curve (AUC) in the receiver operating characteristic curve. The results showed that the SGD model performed best (AUC = 0.897, ACC = 80.98%, and k = 0.62), followed by the BN (AUC = 0.863, ACC = 78.80%, and k = 0.58), RBFN (AUC = 0.846, ACC = 77.36%, and k = 0.55), and DTable (AUC = 0.843, ACC = 76.45%, and k = 0.53) models. The susceptibility maps revealed that the DS railway segments from Puyang town to Dengsheng village are in high and very high-susceptibility zones.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "AUC"

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Karabudak, Engin. "Development of MWL-AUC / CCD-C-AUC / SLS-AUC detectors for the analytical ultracentrifuge." Phd thesis, Universität Potsdam, 2009. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2009/3992/.

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Analytical ultracentrifugation (AUC) has made an important contribution to polymer and particle characterization since its invention by Svedberg (Svedberg and Nichols 1923; Svedberg and Pederson 1940) in 1923. In 1926, Svedberg won the Nobel price for his scientific work on disperse systems including work with AUC. The first important discovery performed with AUC was to show the existence of macromolecules. Since that time AUC has become an important tool to study polymers in biophysics and biochemistry. AUC is an absolute technique that does not need any standard. Molar masses between 200 and 1014 g/mol and particle size between 1 and 5000 nm can be detected by AUC. Sample can be fractionated into its components due to its molar mass, particle size, structure or density without any stationary phase requirement as it is the case in chromatographic techniques. This very property of AUC earns it an important status in the analysis of polymers and particles. The distribution of molar mass, particle sizes and densities can be measured with the fractionation. Different types of experiments can give complementary physicochemical parameters. For example, sedimentation equilibrium experiments can lead to the study of pure thermodynamics. For complex mixtures, AUC is the main method that can analyze the system. Interactions between molecules can be studied at different concentrations without destroying the chemical equilibrium (Kim et al. 1977). Biologically relevant weak interactions can also be monitored (K ≈ 10-100 M-1). An analytical ultracentrifuge experiment can yield the following information: • Molecular weight of the sample • Number of the components in the sample if the sample is not a single component • Homogeneity of the sample • Molecular weight distribution if the sample is not a single component • Size and shape of macromolecules & particles • Aggregation & interaction of macromolecules • Conformational changes of macromolecules • Sedimentation coefficient and density distribution Such an extremely wide application area of AUC allows the investigation of all samples consisting of a solvent and a dispersed or dissolved substance including gels, micro gels, dispersions, emulsions and solutions. Another fact is that solvent or pH limitation does not exist for this method. A lot of new application areas are still flourishing, although the technique is 80 years old. In 1970s, 1500 AUC were operational throughout the world. At those times, due to the limitation in detection technologies, experimental results were obtained with photographic records. As time passed, faster techniques such as size exclusion chromatography (SEC), light scattering (LS) or SDS-gel electrophoresis occupied the same research fields with AUC. Due to these relatively new techniques, AUC began to loose its importance. In the 1980s, only a few AUC were in use throughout the world. In the beginning of the 1990s a modern AUC -the Optima XL-A - was released by Beckman Instruments (Giebeler 1992). The Optima XL-A was equipped with a modern computerized scanning absorption detector. The addition of Rayleigh Interference Optics is introduced which is called XL-I AUC. Furthermore, major development in computers made the analysis easier with the help of new analysis software. Today, about 400 XL-I AUC exist worldwide. It is usually applied in the industry of pharmacy, biopharmacy and polymer companies as well as in academic research fields such as biochemistry, biophysics, molecular biology and material science. About 350 core scientific publications which use analytical ultracentrifugation are published every year (source: SciFinder 2008 ) with an increasing number of references (436 reference in 2008). A tremendous progress has been made in method and analysis software after digitalization of experimental data with the release of XL-I. In comparison to the previous decade, data analysis became more efficient and reliable. Today, AUC labs can routinely use sophisticated data analysis methods for determination of sedimentation coefficient distributions (Demeler and van Holde 2004; Schuck 2000; Stafford 1992), molar mass distributions (Brookes and Demeler 2008; Brookes et al. 2006; Brown and Schuck 2006), interaction constants (Cao and Demeler 2008; Schuck 1998; Stafford and Sherwood 2004), particle size distributions with Angstrom resolution (Cölfen and Pauck 1997) and the simulations determination of size and shape distributions from sedimentation velocity experiments (Brookes and Demeler 2005; Brookes et al. 2006). These methods are also available in powerful software packages that combines various methods, such as, Ultrascan (Demeler 2005), Sedift/Sedphat (Schuck 1998; Vistica et al. 2004) and Sedanal (Stafford and Sherwood 2004). All these powerful packages are free of charge. Furthermore, Ultrascans source code is licensed under the GNU Public License (http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html). Thus, Ultrascan can be further improved by any research group. Workshops are organized to support these software packages. Despite of the tremendous developments in data analysis, hardware for the system has not developed much. Although there are various user developed detectors in research laboratories, they are not commercially available. Since 1992, only one new optical system called “the fluorescence optics” (Schmidt and Reisner, 1992, MacGregor et al. 2004, MacGregor, 2006, Laue and Kroe, in press) has been commercialized. However, except that, there has been no commercially available improvement in the optical system. The interesting fact about the current hardware of the XL-I is that it is 20 years old, although there has been an enormous development in microelectronics, software and in optical systems in the last 20 years, which could be utilized for improved detectors. As examples of user developed detector, Bhattacharyya (Bhattacharyya 2006) described a Multiwavelength-Analytical Ultracentrifuge (MWL-AUC), a Raman detector and a small angle laser light scattering detector in his PhD thesis. MWL-AUC became operational, but a very high noise level prevented to work with real samples. Tests with the Raman detector were not successful due to the low light intensity and thus high integration time is required. The small angle laser light scattering detector could only detect latex particles but failed to detect smaller particles and molecules due to low sensitivity of the detector (a photodiode was used as detector). The primary motivation of this work is to construct a detector which can measure new physico-chemical properties with AUC with a nicely fractionated sample in the cell. The final goal is to obtain a multiwavelength detector for the AUC that measures complementary quantities. Instrument development is an option for a scientist only when there is a huge potential benefit but there is no available commercial enterprise developing appropriate equipment, or if there is not enough financial support to buy it. The first case was our motivation for developing detectors for AUC. Our aim is to use today’s technological advances in microelectronics, programming, mechanics in order to develop new detectors for AUC and improve the existing MWL detector to routine operation mode. The project has multiple aspects which can be listed as mechanical, electronical, optical, software, hardware, chemical, industrial and biological. Hence, by its nature it is a multidisciplinary project. Again by its nature it contains the structural problem of its kind; the problem of determining the exact discipline to follow at each new step. It comprises the risk of becoming lost in some direction. Having that fact in mind, we have chosen the simplest possible solution to any optical, mechanical, electronic, software or hardware problem we have encountered and we have always tried to see the overall picture. In this research, we have designed CCD-C-AUC (CCD Camera UV/Vis absorption detector for AUC) and SLS-AUC (Static Light Scattering detector for AUC) and tested them. One of the SLS-AUC designs produced successful test results, but the design could not be brought to the operational stage. However, the operational state Multiwavelength Analytical Ultracentrifuge (MWL-AUC) AUC has been developed which is an important detector in the fields of chemistry, biology and industry. In this thesis, the operational state Multiwavelength Analytical Ultracentrifuge (MWL-AUC) AUC is to be introduced. Consequently, three different applications of MWL-AUC to the aforementioned disciplines shall be presented. First of all, application of MWL-AUC to a biological system which is a mixture of proteins lgG, aldolase and BSA is presented. An application of MWL-AUC to a mass-produced industrial sample (β-carotene gelatin composite particles) which is manufactured by BASF AG, is presented. Finally, it is shown how MWL-AUC will impact on nano-particle science by investigating the quantum size effect of CdTe and its growth mechanism. In this thesis, mainly the relation between new technological developments and detector development for AUC is investigated. Pioneering results are obtained that indicate the possible direction to be followed for the future of AUC. As an example, each MWL-AUC data contains thousands of wavelengths. MWL-AUC data also contains spectral information at each radial point. Data can be separated to its single wavelength files and can be analyzed classically with existing software packages. All the existing software packages including Ultrascan, Sedfit, Sedanal can analyze only single wavelength data, so new extraordinary software developments are needed. As a first attempt, Emre Brookes and Borries Demeler have developed mutliwavelength module in order to analyze the MWL-AUC data. This module analyzes each wavelength separately and independently. We appreciate Emre Brookes and Borries Demeler for their important contribution to the development of the software. Unfortunately, this module requires huge amount of computer power and does not take into account the spectral information during the analysis. New software algorithms are needed which take into account the spectral information and analyze all wavelengths accordingly. We would like also invite the programmers of Ultrascan, Sedfit, Sedanal and the other programs, to develop new algorithms in this direction.
Die analytische Chemie versucht die chemische Zusammensetzung, chemische und physikalische Eigenschaften von biologischen oder künstlichen Materialien zu bestimmen. Mit der Entwicklung deren Methoden können genauere Informationen über die Umweltverschmutzung, das Ozonloch, Proteinfunktionen und Wechselwirkungen im menschlichen Körper erlangt werden. Es sind eine Vielzahl von analytischen Techniken vorhanden, die durch Verbesserungen in der Mikroelektronik, Mechanik, Informatik und Nanotechnologie einer markanten Entwicklung unterworfen wurden. In dieser Arbeit wurde versucht die Detektionskapazität der analytischen Ultrazentrifuge zu erhöhen. Die analytische Ultrazentrifuge (AUZ) ist eine gut bekannte, sehr leistungsstarke Trennungsmethode. AUZ benutzt die Zentrifugalkraft zum Trennen von Stoffen. Die Probe kann für die Messung gelöst oder in einer Flüssigkeit dispergiert werden. Makromoleküle, Proteine und kolloidale Systeme in Lösung können in einer AUZ Zelle zwischen 1000-60000 Rotationen pro Minute zentrifugiert werden, wie beispielsweise in der kommerziellen Beckmann AUZ. Die Rotationsbeschleunigung entspricht 73-262mal der Erdschwerebeschleunigung (= 9.81 m s-2) für eine radiale Position von 6.5 Zentimeter. Diese Kraft ist der Schlüsselfaktor für die Fähigkeit der AUZ sogar kleine Moleküle und Ionen zu trennen. Die Experimente wurden bei kontrollierter Rotationsgeschwindigkeit und Temperatur ausgeführt. Drei verschiedene, neue Detektoren wurden im Rahmen dieser Arbeit konstruiert und getestet. Diese Detektoren haben die analytischen Informationen sehr verbessert. Dies wurde für Proteine, halbleitende Nanopartikel sowie auch für industrielle Produkte gezeigt.
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Yuan, Yan. "Empirical Likelihood-Based NonParametric Inference for the Difference between Two Partial AUCS." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2007. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/math_theses/32.

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Compare the accuracy of two continuous-scale tests is increasing important when a new test is developed. The traditional approach that compares the entire areas under two Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves is not sensitive when two ROC curves cross each other. A better approach to compare the accuracy of two diagnostic tests is to compare the areas under two ROC curves (AUCs) in the interested specificity interval. In this thesis, we have proposed bootstrap and empirical likelihood (EL) approach for inference of the difference between two partial AUCs. The empirical likelihood ratio for the difference between two partial AUCs is defined and its limiting distribution is shown to be a scaled chi-square distribution. The EL based confidence intervals for the difference between two partial AUCs are obtained. Additionally we have conducted simulation studies to compare four proposed EL and bootstrap based intervals.
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Huang, Xin. "Bootstrap and Empirical Likelihood-based Semi-parametric Inference for the Difference between Two Partial AUCs." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2008. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/math_theses/54.

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With new tests being developed and marketed, the comparison of the diagnostic accuracy of two continuous-scale diagnostic tests are of great importance. Comparing the partial areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves (pAUC) is an effective method to evaluate the accuracy of two diagnostic tests. In this thesis, we study the semi-parametric inference for the difference between two pAUCs. A normal approximation for the distribution of the difference between two pAUCs has been derived. The empirical likelihood ratio for the difference between two pAUCs is defined and its asymptotic distribution is shown to be a scaled chi-quare distribution. Bootstrap and empirical likelihood based inferential methods for the difference are proposed. We construct five confidence intervals for the difference between two pAUCs. Simulation studies are conducted to compare the finite sample performance of these intervals. We also use a real example as an application of our recommended intervals.
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LEITAO, JUNIOR CLAUDIO B. "Estudo dos parametros de processo da reducao do tricarbonato de amonio e uranilo a dioxido de uranio em forno de leito fluidizado." reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 1992. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/10297.

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Zheng, Shimin. "The ROC Curve and the Area under the Curve (AUC)." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2017. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/139.

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Vrabeľ, Matej. "Neurčitost spojená s designem sběru dat v modelech druhové distribuce." Master's thesis, Česká zemědělská univerzita v Praze, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-262770.

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Properly choosen input data, their form, way of the collection an the following correction as well, are the key factors affecting the accuracy of the more and more popular models of the species model distribution (SDM). A design unfluence of the data to the choosen distribution model of the virtual species has been tested. The General Linear Model (GLM) has been used. Four types of the present-absent collection designs have been tested for a virtual species on the area of the Czech Republic as follows: accidental, systematic, points on the easy accessible areas (near the communications) and the points with the higher concentration of the scientists (an area of CHKO).The TSS (True skills statistics), KAPPA and AUC (Area under curve) have been used to compare the accuracy of the prediction of the models .The points being choosen from the easy to access areas and CHKO had worse results in all of the monitored values than the accidental or the systematic choice of the points from the whole area of the Czech Republic.It results that the data collection mode affects the final accuracy of the species distribution models.
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Sun, Fangfang. "Semi-parametric inference for the partial area under the ROC curve." unrestricted, 2008. http://etd.gsu.edu/theses/available/etd-11192008-113213/.

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Thesis (M.S.)--Georgia State University, 2008.
Title from file title page. Gengsheng Qin, committee chair; Yu-Sheng Hsu, Yixin Fang, Yuanhui Xiao, committee members. Description based on contents viewed July 22, 2009. Includes bibliographical references (p. 29-30).
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Sala, Fernanda Angélica. "Estudo da interação entre domínios C-terminais de septinas humanas: implicação na formação e estabilidade do filamento." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/75/75133/tde-10082015-140053/.

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Septinas compreendem uma conservada família de proteínas de ligação a nucleotídeo de guanina e formação de heterofilamentos. Em termos estruturais, elas possuem uma organização comum: um domínio GTPase central, uma região N-terminal e um domínio C-terminal, este último é predito para formar estruturas em coiled coil. Atualmente, o heterocomplexo de septinas humanas (SEPT2/SEPT6/SEPT7) mais bem caracterizado revela a importância do domínio GTPase na formação do filamento, todavia a ausência de densidade eletrônica para os domínios C-terminais faz com que sua função permaneça obscura. Estudos com septinas de mamíferos, e de outros organismos como C. elegans e S. cerevisea sugerem que alguns grupos de septinas (por exemplo, II e IV em mamíferos) interagem através de seus domínios C-terminais, e estes poderiam atuar de modo determinante para a montagem correta do filamento. Assim, o presente projeto objetivou estudar a afinidade homo/heterotípicas para os domínios C-terminais das septinas humanas dos grupos II (SEPT6C/8C/10C/11C) e IV (SEPT7C), investigando se esses domínios contribuem para preferência das septinas interagirem com proteínas de grupos distintos durante a formação do heterofilamento. Os domínios C-terminais foram expressos em E. coli e purificados. Foram conduzidos estudos de ultracentrifugação analítica e espectropolarimetria de dicroísmo circular, que permitiram identificar maior afinidade e estabilidade da associação heterotípica comparada à homotípica. Foram obtidas constantes de dissociação aparente para homodímeros em torno de baixo µM, enquanto que para heterodímeros os dados já existentes no grupo revelaram constante de dissociação na ordem de nM. Para entender os fatores no nível atômico responsáveis pela significativa predileção na interação entre os domínios C-terminais dos grupos II e IV foram realizados estudos utilizando modelagem e análise das sequências primárias. As análises sugerem a presença de um alto número de resíduos carregados na posição a do coiled coil como responsável pela seletividade. Consequentemente, o heterodímero seria favorecido em virtude do menor efeito repulsivo proveniente do intercalamento dos resíduos carregados em a. Desse modo, os resultados indicaram a atuação decisiva ou cooperativa dos domínios C-terminais na organização preferencial das septinas durante a formação do filamento, favorecendo a interface NC entre septinas dos grupos II e IV.
Septins comprise a conserved protein family that binds guanidine nucleotide and forms heterofilaments. In structural terms they have a common organization: a central GTPase domain, a N-terminal domain and a C-terminal domain, this last one is predicted to form coiled coil structures. Currently, the human septin heterocomplex best characterized (SEPT2/SEPT6/SEPT7) reveals the importance of the GTPase domain in filament assembly, however the absence of electron density for the C-terminal domains makes its function still unknown. Studies with mammals septins, and of others organisms like C. elegans and S. cerevisea suggests that some septins groups (e.g. II e IV in mammals) interact via its C-terminal domains and this could act in a determinative way to correct filament assembly. In this way, this project aimed to study the homo/heterotypical affinity for the C-terminal domains of human septins belonging to groups II (SEPT6C/8C/10C/11C) e IV (SEPT7C), investigating whether this domain contributes with the preference of septins to interact with proteins of different groups during assembly of the heterofilament. The C-terminal domains were expressed in E. coli and purificated. It was carried out studies using analytical ultracentrifugation and circular dichroism spectropolarimetry tecniques which allowed identification of major affinity and stability in the heterotypical association compared to homotypical. It was measured apparent dissociation constants for homodimers of low µM range while for heterodimers our group\'s data shows dissociation constants in the nM range. To understand at atomic level the factors responsible for this significant preference in the C-terminal domains interaction between groups II and IV was performed molecular modelling studies and analysis of the primary sequence. These analysis suggests the presence of a high number of charged residues in position a of the coiled coil as responsible for selectivity. Consequently, the heterodimer would be therefore favoured because of the minor repulsive effect coming from the staggered of charged residues in a. Thus, these results indicate the crucial or cooperative action of C-terminal domains in preferential organization of septins during filament assembly, favouring the NC interface between septins of groups II and IV.
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Wang, Dongmei. "Some Contributions in Statistical Discrimination of Different Pathogens Using Observations through FTIR." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2009. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/math_theses/78.

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Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) has been use to discriminate different pathogens by signals from cells infected with these versus normal cells as references. To do the statistical analysis, Partial Least Square Regression (PLSR) was utilized to distinguish any two kinds of virus‐infected cells and normal cells. Validation using Bootstrap method and Cross‐validations were employed to calculate the shrinkages of Area Under the ROC Curve (AUC) and specificities corresponding to 80%, 90%, and 95% sensitivities. The result shows that our procedure can significantly discriminate these pathogens when we compare infected cells with the normal cells. On the height of this success, PLSR was applied again to simultaneously compare two kinds of virus‐infected cells and the normal cells. The shrinkage of Volume Under the Surface (VUS) was calculated to do the evaluation of model diagnostic performance. The high value of VUS demonstrates that our method can effectively differentiate virus‐infected cells and normal cells.
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SANTOS, LAURO R. dos. "Unidade piloto de obtencao do tricarbonato de amonio e uranilo." reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 1989. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/10220.

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Books on the topic "AUC"

1

Huong, Le Thi Thu, and George M. Pomeroy, eds. AUC 2019. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-5608-1.

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Council, Air Transport Users. Air Transport Users Council: AUC. London: Air Transport Users Council, 2003.

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Arkell, T. R. La sélection des sujets reproducteurs: Conseils auc débutants. Ottawa: Ministère de l'agriculture, 1997.

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The AUC Press book of modern Arabic literature. Cairo: American University in Cairo Press, 2006.

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El fin de las AUC: ¿verdad o ficción? Bogotá: Intermedio, 2009.

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Pérez, Patricio García. Historia de las Autodefensas Unidas de Colombia (AUC), 1994-2006: Paramilitares y autodefensas en el conflicto armado. Santiago: LOM Ediciones, 2021.

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AUC Research Conference (4th 1997 Cairo, Egypt). Development and the environment, obligations to future generations: Proceedings of the Fourth AUC Research Conference, held on April 6-7, 1997. [Cairo]: American University in Cairo, Office of Graduate Studies and Research, 1997.

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Discursos emocionales y experiencias de la política: Las FARC y las AUC en los procesos de negociación del conflicto (1998-2005). Bogotá D.C., Colombia: Universidad de Los Andes, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales-CESO, Departamento de Antropología y Ciencia Política, 2006.

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Bolívar, Ingrid Johanna. Discursos emocionales y experiencias de la política: Las FARC y las AUC en los procesos de negociación del conflicto (1998-2005). Bogotá D.C., Colombia: Universidad de Los Andes, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales-CESO, Departamento de Antropología y Ciencia Política, 2006.

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Siouti, Irini, Tina Spies, Elisabeth Tuider, Hella von Unger, and Erol Yildiz, eds. Othering in der postmigrantischen Gesellschaft. Bielefeld, Germany: transcript Verlag, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.14361/9783839463086.

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Othering ist nicht nur ein gesellschaftliches Phänomen, sondern muss auch in seiner Relevanz für die wissenschaftliche Analyse reflektiert werden. Anhand von Beispielen aus der Forschungspraxis diskutieren die Beiträger*innen, wie das theoretische Konzept des Othering in der qualitativen Forschung fruchtbar gemacht werden kann. Dabei loten sie dessen kritisches und produktives Potenzial sowohl in theoretischer als auch in epistemologischer, methodologischer und forschungspraktischer Hinsicht aus. Sie analysieren Othering in der postmigrantischen Gesellschaft empirisch, machen es auf diese Weise sichtbar und fragen nach den Möglichkeiten und Grenzen von Reflexivität für eine kritische Wissensproduktion.
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Book chapters on the topic "AUC"

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Scherrmann, Jean-Michel, Kim Wolff, Christine A. Franco, Marc N. Potenza, Tayfun Uzbay, Lisiane Bizarro, David C. S. Roberts, et al. "AUC." In Encyclopedia of Psychopharmacology, 182. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-68706-1_4071.

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Hilgers, R. D., N. Heussen, and S. Stanzel. "AUC." In Springer Reference Medizin, 230. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-48986-4_326.

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Hilgers, R. D., N. Heussen, and S. Stanzel. "AUC." In Lexikon der Medizinischen Laboratoriumsdiagnostik, 1. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-49054-9_326-1.

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Kakas, Antonis C., David Cohn, Sanjoy Dasgupta, Andrew G. Barto, Gail A. Carpenter, Stephen Grossberg, Geoffrey I. Webb, et al. "AUC." In Encyclopedia of Machine Learning, 53. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-30164-8_44.

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Chakraborty, Dev P. "Empirical AUC." In Observer Performance Methods for Diagnostic Imaging, 81–90. Boca Raton, FL : CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group, [2017] |: CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781351228190-5.

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Vu, Thi Hong Hanh, and Thanh Hai Truong. "Climate Change and Cities in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam." In AUC 2019, 3–17. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-5608-1_1.

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Le, Phuoc Dinh, and Huyen Minh Do. "Urban Planning in Vietnam: Why Gender Matters." In AUC 2019, 123–36. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-5608-1_10.

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Agarwal, Siddharth, Shabnam Verma, Kanupriya Kothiwal, Neeraj Verma, and Kailash Vishvakarma. "Slum Children-Youth Groups Demonstrate Zest, Collective Confidence and Tenacity to Improve Access to Education and Self-development Opportunities." In AUC 2019, 137–48. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-5608-1_11.

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Dinh, Hai Dung, and Khoi Minh Le. "On the Use of Data Envelopment Analysis to Improve Performance Efficiency of Governmental Management in Big Cities." In AUC 2019, 149–57. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-5608-1_12.

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Dinh, Hai Dung. "A Transportation Optimization Model for Solving the Single Delivery Truck Routing Problem with the Alldifferent Constraint in MS Excel." In AUC 2019, 161–68. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-5608-1_13.

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Conference papers on the topic "AUC"

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Han, Peng, Shuo Shang, Aixin Sun, Peilin Zhao, Kai Zheng, and Panos Kalnis. "AUC-MF: Point of Interest Recommendation with AUC Maximization." In 2019 IEEE 35th International Conference on Data Engineering (ICDE). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icde.2019.00141.

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Khalid, Majdi, Hamidreza Chitsaz, and Indrakshi Ray. "Proximal Stochastic AUC Maximization." In 2020 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn48605.2020.9206926.

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Christensen, Henrik I. "AUC robot camera head." In Aerospace Sensing, edited by Kevin W. Bowyer. SPIE, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.58560.

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Graf, Mike, Ralf Küsters, and Daniel Rausch. "AUC: Accountable Universal Composability." In 2023 IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (SP). IEEE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/sp46215.2023.10179384.

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Rosset, Saharon. "Model selection via the AUC." In Twenty-first international conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1015330.1015400.

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Fan, Xiannian, and Ke Tang. "Enhanced Maximum AUC Linear Classifier." In 2010 Seventh International Conference on Fuzzy Systems and Knowledge Discovery (FSKD). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/fskd.2010.5569339.

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Liu, Zhenqiu, and Terry Hyslop. "Partial AUC for Differentiated Gene Detection." In 2010 IEEE International Conference on BioInformatics and BioEngineering. IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/bibe.2010.68.

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Dreiseitl, S. "Towards more efficient multiclass AUC computations." In THE EUROPEAN MODELING AND SIMULATION SYMPOSIUM. CAL-TEK srl, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.46354/i3m.2019.emss.046.

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Hongbo Zhang, Lin Zhu, and Deshuang Huang. "DiscMLA: AUC-based discriminative motif learning." In 2015 IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine (BIBM). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/bibm.2015.7359688.

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Fong, Hortense, Vineet Kumar, Anay Mehrotra, and Nisheeth K. Vishnoi. "Fairness for AUC via Feature Augmentation." In FAccT '22: 2022 ACM Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3531146.3533126.

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Reports on the topic "AUC"

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Ahmed AlGarf, Yasmine. AUC Venture Lab: Encouraging an entrepreneurial culture to increase youth employment. Oxfam IBIS, August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21201/2021.7888.

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The American University in Cairo Venture Lab (V-Lab) is the first university-based startup accelerator in Egypt. Oxfam’s Youth Participation and Employment (YPE) programme in Egypt partnered with V-Lab to support youth in entrepreneurship and business startups. V-Lab provides dynamic business support to entrepreneurs with innovative and scalable ideas. Its work has brought about change in Egypt’s culture and business environment. In this case study, YPE and V-Lab make useful recommendations on how to strengthen the sustainability and growth of entrepreneurship in Egypt. V-Lab’s other initiatives include connecting graduates with potential investors. The accelerator’s startups have played an important role during the COVID-19 pandemic by helping to create employment opportunities, both directly and indirectly.
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Chiu, Chia-Yu, and Amara Sarwal. Impact of area under the curve-based vancomycin dosing combination with anti-pseudomonal beta-lactam antibiotics: a systematic review and meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, December 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.12.0025.

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Review question / Objective: Did AUC-based vancomycin dosing reduce acute kidney injury than trough-based dosing when combined with anti-pseudomonal beta-lactam antibiotic? Condition being studied: Patients received Vancomycin combined with anti-pseudomonal beta-lactam antibiotics and monitor with either trough-base dosing or AUC-based dosing vancomycin. Information sources: All study types except case reports, case series, and conference abstracts were considered. PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched from inception to November2022.
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Führ, Martin. Öffentlich-rechtliche Fragestellungen in Prosumptions-Modellen. Sonderforschungsgruppe Institutionenanalyse, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46850/sofia.9783941627840.

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Prosumptionsmodelle im Bereich Ernährung und Bekleidung bieten Potential für eine Nachhaltige Entwicklung. Dabei lässt sich das klassische Verhältnis zwischen Anbietern und Konsumierenden verändern. Statt – eher passiver – Nachfrage, geht es um aktive Beiträge der Konsumenten, die sich damit auf den Weg hin zu „Prosumern“ machen. Aus öffentlich-rechtlicher Sicht geht damit eine Rollenverschiebung einher, die sich auch in der daran geknüpften „Verantwortungs-Konstellation“ niederschlägt: Wer aktiv in das Austausch-Verhältnis eintritt, den treffen auch die damit verbundenen Pflichten. Dies gilt grundsätzlich für alle Rollenverschiebungen im vorgenannten Sinne, also etwa auch für den Bereich der Bekleidung. Allerdings sind die damit einhergehenden Risiken für die Kunden (im Sinne einer Gefährdung von Leben und Gesundheit) in der Regel deutlich geringer als bei der Vermarktung von Lebensmitteln. Verunreinigungen, seien sie herstellungsbedingt oder durch nachträgliche Kontamination mit Mikro-Organismen (Bakterien, Pilze etc.) hervorgerufen, können zu Gesundheitsgefährdungen führen. Diese Risiko-Konstellation hat den Staat veranlasst, ein vergleichsweise dichtes Geflecht an öffentlich-rechtlichen Vorgaben zu etablieren, die relevant sind sowohl für (Food-) Sharing-Ansätze als auch für Modelle der solidarischen Landwirtschaft (SoLaWi). Aus öffentlich-rechtlicher Perspektive stellen sich im Bereich der beiden vorgenannten Fallbeispiele aus dem Bereich der Lebensmittelwirtschaft vor allem Fragen im Zusammenhang mit den einzuhaltenden Hygiene-Anforderungen. In der Praxis gab es hier auch bereits Auseinandersetzungen mit den zuständigen Behörden. Diese Stellungnahme konzentriert sich daher auf die damit zusammenhängenden Fragen.
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Filiz, Ibrahim, Thomas Nahmer, Markus Spiwoks, and Kilian Bizer. Zuverlässigkeit von Zinsprognosen in der Region Asien-Pazifik. Chancen für das Portfoliomanagement. Sonderforschungsgruppe Institutionenanalyse, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.46850/sofia.9783941627666.

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Wir untersuchen Zinsprognosen aus Australien, China, Hongkong, Indien, Indonesien, Malaysia, Neuseeland, Singapur, Südkorea, Taiwan und Thailand. Wir werten 532 Prognosezeitreihen mit insgesamt 85.264 einzelnen Zins-prognosen aus. Wir nehmen einen Vergleich zur naiven Prognose vor und untersuchen die Prognosezeitreihen auf gegenwartsorientierte Verlaufsanpassungen. Außerdem verwenden wir den Vorzeichentest und den Test auf Unverzerrtheit. Die Ergebnisse fallen teilweise recht ernüchternd aus. 95,9% aller Prognosezeitreihen sind vom Phänomen der gegenwartsorientierten Verlaufsanpassung geprägt. 99,4% aller Prognosezeitreihen erweisen sich als verzerrt. Nur ein kleiner Teil der Prognosezeitreihen (3,6%) bildet die künftige Zinsentwicklung signifikant genauer ab als eine naive Prognose. Zum Teil fallen die Untersuchungsergebnisse jedoch auch überraschend positiv aus. Der Vorzeichentest offenbart, dass 48,3% aller Prognosezeitreihen die künftige Entwicklungsrichtung signifikant besser erfassen als eine Zufallsprognose.
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Wu, Bin, Lixia Guo, Kaikai Zhen, and Chao Sun. Diagnostic and prognostic value of miRNAs in hepatoblastoma: A systematic review with meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, November 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2021.11.0045.

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Review question / Objective: Background and aim: Increasing evidence has revealed the valuable diagnostic and prognostic applications of dysregulated microRNAs (miRNAs) in hepatoblastoma (HB), the most common hepatic malignancy during childhood. However, these results are inconsistent and remain to be elucidated. In the present study, we aimed to systematically compile up-to-date information regarding the clinical value of miRNAs in HB. Methods: Articles concerning the diagnostic and prognostic value of single miRNAs for HB were searched from databases. The sensitivity (SEN), specificity (SPE), positive and negative likelihood ratios (PLR and NLR), diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), area under the curve (AUC), and hazard ratios (HRs) were separately pooled to explore the diagnostic and prognostic performance of miRNA. Subgroup and meta-regression analyses were further carried out only in the event of heterogeneity. Results: In all, 20 studies, involving 264 HB patients and 206 healthy individuals, met the inclusion criteria in the six included literature articles. For the diagnostic analysis of miRNAs in HB, the pooled SEN and SPE were 0.76 (95% CI: 0.72–0.80) and 0.75 (95% CI: 0.70–0.80), respectively. Moreover, the pooled PLR was 2.79 (95% CI: 2.12–3.66), NLR was 0.34 (95% CI: 0.26–0.45), DOR was 10.24 (95% CI: 6.55–16.00), and AUC was 0.83, indicating that miRNAs had moderate diagnostic value in HB. For the prognostic analysis of miRNAs in HB, the abnormal expressions of miR-21, miR-34a, miR-34b, miR-34c, miR-492, miR-193, miR-222, and miR-224 in patients were confirmed to be associated with a worse prognosis. The pooled HR was 1.74 (95% CI: 1.20–2.29) for overall survival (OS) and 1.74 (95% CI: 1.31–2.18) for event-free survival (EFS), suggesting its potential as a prognostic indicator for HB. Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis that examines the diagnostic and prognostic role of dysregulated miRNAs in HB patients. The combined meta-analysis results supported the previous individual finds that miRNAs might provide a new, noninvasive method for the diagnostic and prognostic analyses ofHB.
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Friedrich, Julia, Kristin Gilbert, Andreas Matzke, Christine Mühle, Ulrike Pietrzyk, Vanita Römer, Anne Steputat-Rätze, Christian Zinke-Wehlmann, Romy Wöhlert, and Robert Wolf. Menschengerechte und effiziente Gestaltung von Interaktionsarbeit : Entwicklung des Social-Service Engineering-Ansatzes. Technische Universität Dresden, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.25368/2023.90.

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Der Forschungsbericht spiegelt die Ergebnisse der interdisziplinären Zusammenarbeit am Projekt SO-SERVE (“Social Service Engineering – Synergien von Arbeits- und Dienstleistungswissenschaft für die Verbesserung von Arbeit an und mit Menschen nutzen”) wider. Die Publikation spricht nicht nur Wissenschaftler:innen an, sondern gibt auch detaillierte Einblicke in die Arbeit der Praxispartner. Social Service Engineering geht davon aus, dass nachhaltiger Unternehmenserfolg nur durch eine beschäftigtenorientierte, menschenwürdige Arbeitsgestaltung in Verbindung mit einer Dienstleistungsgestaltung möglich ist, die wirtschaftliche Aspekte und die Wünsche der Kund:innen berücksichtigt. Deshalb kombiniert das entwickelte Social Service Engineering theoretische Ansätze, Konzepte und Methoden aus dem Service Engineering und der Arbeitspsychologie, um Synergien aus beiden Disziplinen zu generieren. Der Forschungsbericht beschreibt das Vorgehen bei der Entwicklung und Erprobung des Social Service Engineerings. Ein besonderer Fokus liegt auf der Darstellung der praktischen Anwendung in der Praxis, wobei der Fokus auf der Arbeit der Partner aus den Bereichen der ambulanten Pflege sowie der Kindertagesbetreuung liegt. Ziel des Berichtes ist, die Mehrwerte des Social Service Engineerings weiteren Unternehmen darzustellen und ihnen Möglichkeiten vorzustellen, von diesem Ansatz zu profitieren. In diesem Zusammenhang werden auch der mögliche Umgang mit Herausforderungen des Ergebnistransfers diskutiert.
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Döring, Thomas, and Lorenz Blume. Einbindung der neuen Länder in den bundesstaatlichen Finanzausgleich - Eine empirische Schätzung der Einheitslasten der westdeutschen Länder. Sonderforschungsgruppe Institutionenanalyse, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.46850/sofia.9783941627215.

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Sowohl in der finanzwissenschaftlichen als auch der rechtswissenschaftlichen Diskussion in Deutschland besteht Einigkeit darüber, dass die fiskalischen Folgen der Wiedervereinigung von Bund, Ländern und Kommunen gemeinsam zu tragen sind. Mit diesem Verständnis der Deutschen Einheit als „Gemeinschaftsaufgabe“ aller drei Gebietskörperschaftsebenen des föderalen Bundesstaates ist die Vorstellung verknüpft, dass es diesbezüglich zu einer angemessenen Lastenverteilung zwischen Bund, Ländern und Kommunen kommt. Eine vollständige Kosten-Nutzen-Analyse des deutschen Vereinigungsprozesses und seiner Auswirkungen auf die Haushalte von Bund, Ländern und Kommunen, die die verschiedenen Haben- und Soll-Positionen in aller Breite und Differenziertheit erfasst, ist dabei aus ökonomischer Sicht aufgrund der schieren Quantität der zu berücksichtigenden Nutzen- und Kosteneffekte kaum zu bewältigen. Diese Komplexität reduziert sich zwar, wenn nur die finanzwirtschaftlichen Effekte des deutschen Vereinigungsprozesses betrachtet werden, aber auch eine solche Analyse muss eine Vielzahl entsprechender Lasten in den Blick nehmen. Vor diesem Hintergrund sind die nachfolgenden Überlegungen auf zwei zentrale Punkte ausgerichtet: Zum einen bedarf der Begriff der „Einheitslasten“ einer grundlegenden Klärung (Abschnitt 2). Dabei steht die Frage im Zentrum, ob das ökonomische Lastenverständnis sich in der Erfassung reiner Zahlungsströme erschöpft oder auch darüber hinausgehende Tatbestände zu berücksichtigen sind. Zum anderen wird in diesem Beitrag ein methodischer Ansatz entwickelt, mit dem die Einheitslasten, die aus dem unmittelbar horizontalen Länderfinanzausgleich resultieren, empirisch quantifiziert werden können (Abschnitt 3). In Abhängigkeit von den verfügbaren Daten sowie zur Gewährleistung einer hinreichenden Zahl an statistisch verwertbaren Datenpunkten werden hierzu die Jahre von 1969 bis 2009 als Betrachtungszeitraum für einen ökonometrischen Strukturbruchtest gewählt. Auf dieser Grundlage lassen sich sowohl die durchschnittliche Belastung aller westdeutschen Länder insgesamt als auch die individuelle Belastung einzelner Länder aus der Einbeziehung der ostdeutschen Länder in den horizontalen Finanzausgleich näher bestimmen.
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Filiz, Ibrahim. Emotionen und Risikoexponierung: Der Einfluss positiver und negativer Affekte auf Portfolioentscheidungen. Sonderforschungsgruppe Institutionenanalyse, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.46850/sofia.9783941627673.

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Diese experimentelle Untersuchung wendet sich der Frage zu, ob positive und negative Affekte einen Einfluss auf das Diversifikationsverhalten haben. Dabei zeigt sich, dass nur ein kleiner Teil der Probanden dem Rationalkalkül folgt und stets das optimale Portfolio wählt. Ferner zeigt sich, dass die Stimmungs-lage der Wirtschaftssubjekte einen Einfluss auf ihre Portfolioentscheidungen und somit auch auf ihre Risikoexponierung hat. Das durchschnittliche Risiko der Portfolios – gemessen an der Standardabweichung der Renditen – fällt im Treatment „Neutral“ deutlich niedriger aus als im Treatment „Positiv“ und im Treatment „Negativ“.
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Kieslinger, Daniel, and Carolyn Hollweg. Newsletter Februar 2021. BVkE, EREV, Inklusion jetzt!, February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.54953/otes5291.

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Vor gut einem Jahr konnte sich keiner vorstellen, wie sich die Coronapandemie auf das gesellschaftliche Leben auswirken wird. Auch das Modellprojekt wurde unter gänzlich anderen Vor- zeichen geplant und auf den Weg gebracht. Umso mehr freut es uns, Ihnen im zehnten Newsletter die neuesten Ergebnisse aus unseren mittlerweile 65 Modelleinrichtungen vorstellen zu können. Desweiteren lernen Sie in der vorliegenden Ausgabe den Sozialdienst katholischer Frauen Freiburg kennen und deren Ziele für die vier gemeinsamen Jahre des Modellprojektes. Der Fachbeitrag nimmt das Bundesteilhabegesetz in den Fokus und beleuchtet dessen Auswirkungen auf die Erziehungshilfen.
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Dreyer, Nicolas. "Es falle sein böser Plan, den er über die Jehudäer geplant, auf sein Haupt zurück!" : gibt es ein Purim- oder Pesach-Wunder für die Ukraine? Otto-Friedrich-Universität, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.20378/irb-54881.

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Dieser Aufsatz betrachtet die jüdischen Feste Purim und Pesach und deren mögliche Relevanz im Hinblick auf den russischen Krieg gegen die Ukraine. Er kommentiert und vergleicht die Situation der unterdrückten Juden in den antiken Großreichen Ägypten und Persien mit der angegriffenen Ukraine im Frühjahr 2022, und die politischen Absichten der antiken Monarchen mit denen der gegenwärtigen Staatsführung Russlands, aber auch der westlichen Regierungen. Die Diskussion nimmt Bezug auf moralische Werte, die das Judentum aus der Erfahrung der Verfolgung heraus prägt.
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