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Journal articles on the topic 'Attribution style'
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Dudnyk, Oksana, and Liudmyla Malimon. "Attributative style as a determinant of тhe modality of emotional manifestations of personality." Psychological Journal, no. 9 (December 23, 2022): 13–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.31499/2617-2100.9.2022.269992.
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The article examines the features of the attributive style as a stable way of explaining the causes of events and its connection with the dominant emotional states and emotional response of the individual. Existing research on the relationship between cognitive functions and emotions is summarized, it is emphasized that causal attributions are an important part of understanding emotions and determine both specific attitudes and emotional reactions of the subject.
According to the results of the empirical study, differences in the modality of emotional manifestations were found in subjects with different attributive styles. All interviewees showed a high level of well-being assessment, at the same time, subjects with an optimistic and more optimistic attribution style have slightly higher well-being indicators compared to subjects with pessimistic and more pessimistic styles. Interviewees with an optimistic attributional style are also characterized by a significantly higher level of activity: they are active, have many hobbies, are active, mobile, in contrast to high school students with a pessimistic attributional style, who have a low level of activity. Differences were also found in the indicators of self-esteem studied by their mood: they are significantly higher in high school students with an optimistic attribution style. The interviewed high school students with a pessimistic attributive style are characterized by a low level of assessment of their mood, they often feel dissatisfaction, disappointment, sadness, shame, sadness, guilt.
The obtained results, in particular, significantly higher indicators of self-assessment of well-being, activity, mood and general psycho-emotional state in subjects with an optimistic attribution style, confirm the assumption of causal attribution as a determinant of the modality of emotional manifestations of personality.
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Leposavic, Ivana, and Ljubica Leposavic. "Attribution style of patients with depression." Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo 137, no. 9-10 (2009): 529–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sarh0910529l.
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Introduction The role of attribution in psychopathology has been investigated most systematically within the depression context. The presumption which makes people depressive consists, to an excessive degree, of internal, stable and global attributions to negative occurrences. Negative attributions for unpleasant events are associated with the loss of self-respect which follows. Objective Establishing the characteristics of attribution style of depressive patients. Methods The investigation included 62 subjects. The first group consisted of 32 patients with endogenous depression in remission. The second group included 30 healthy subjects. The characteristics of attribution style, in both groups, were tested by the Attribution Style Questionnaire (ASQ). Results The group of depressive patients, in comparison with healthy subjects, exhibited a significantly more marked internal attribution for negative events (t(60)=-3.700; p<0.01) and global internal negative attributions (t(60)=-4.023; p<0.01). There was no significant difference between the groups in the stability of these negative attributions (t(60)=-1.937; p>0.05), and also the composite score which represents the measure of hopelessness did not make a significant difference between depressive and healthy subjects (t(60)=-1.810; p>0.05). Conclusion Depressive patients exhibit an inclination towards internal and global attribution for negative events. These negative attributions do not have stable character, i.e. these attributions vary in time. Characteristics of attribution judgments of depressive people do not represent a permanent pattern within their cognitive style.
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Robbins, James M., and Laurence J. Kirmayer. "Attributions of common somatic symptoms." Psychological Medicine 21, no. 4 (November 1991): 1029–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291700030026.
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SYNOPSISThree studies explored the causal attributions of common somatic symptoms. The first two studies established the reliability and validity of a measure of attributional style, the Symptom Interpretation Questionnaire (SIQ). Three dimensions of causal attribution were confirmed: psychological, somatic and normalizing. The third study examined the antecedents and consequences of attributional style in a sample of family medicine patients. Medical and psychiatric history differentially influenced attributional style. Past history and attributional style independently influenced clinical presentations over the subsequent 6 months. Symptom attributional style may contribute to the somatization and psychologization of distress in primary care.
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Hameleers, Michael, Linda Bos, and Claes H. de Vreese. "Shoot the messenger? The media’s role in framing populist attributions of blame." Journalism 20, no. 9 (March 13, 2017): 1145–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1464884917698170.
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Attributing blame to elites is central to populist communication. Although empirical research has provided initial insights into the effects of populist blame attribution on citizens’ political opinions, little is known about the contextual factors surrounding its presence in the media. Advancing this knowledge, this article draws on an extensive content analysis ( N = 867) covering non-election and election periods to provide insights into how populist blame attributions are embedded in journalistic reporting styles. Using Latent Class Analysis, we first identified three distinct styles of reporting: neutral, conflict, and interpretative coverage. In line with our predictions, we find that populist blame attributions are present most in conjunction with an interpretative journalistic style and least when a neutral journalistic style is used. Populist blame attributions are more likely to be used by journalists of tabloid newspapers than journalists of broadsheet newspapers. These results provide valuable insights for understanding the intersections between journalism and populist communication.
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Fernández-Sogorb, Aitana, María Vicent, Carolina Gonzálvez, Ricardo Sanmartín, Antonio Miguel Pérez-Sánchez, and José Manuel García-Fernández. "Attributional Style in Mathematics across Anxiety Profiles in Spanish Children." Sustainability 12, no. 3 (February 6, 2020): 1173. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12031173.
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This research aimed to examine the relation between child anxiety and causal attributions in mathematics using a person-centered approach. The Visual Analogue Scale for Anxiety-Revised and the Sydney Attribution Scale were administered to 1287 Spanish students aged 8 to 11 (M = 9.68, SD = 1.20); 49.4% were girls. Four child anxiety profiles were obtained by the latent class analysis technique: Low Anxiety, Moderate Anxiety, High Anxiety, and Low Anxiety School-type. The four anxious groups significantly differed in all attributions of failure and in attributions of success to ability and effort, with effect sizes ranging from small to large (d = 0.24 to 0.99). The group with the highest anxiety levels attributed its failures more to the lack of ability and effort, and less to external causes. This group attributed its successes less to ability and effort. However, the Low Anxiety School-type group attributed its failures more to external causes and its successes more to ability and effort. The practical implications of these findings suggest that applying cognitive-behavioral programs for anxiety with a component of attribution retraining could be useful to improve both anxiety levels and the maladaptive attributional pattern of each child anxiety profile.
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Parker, Gordon, Gordon Parker, and Kay Parker. "Influence of Symptom Attribution on Reporting Depression and Recourse to Treatment." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 37, no. 4 (August 2003): 469–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1614.2003.01205.x.
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Objective: A Bristol general practice study demonstrated the extent to which patients' attribution style influences psychological diagnostic case rates. We pursue this issue and several implications in this Australian study. Method: A survey was undertaken of six general practices in Sydney, and involving more than 900 routine general practice patients. Subjects completed questionnaires assessing personality styles observed in those with clinical depression, attributional response (i.e. ‘psychological’, ‘somatic’ and ‘normalizing’) to three somatic cues, state depression, lifetime depression, use of antidepressant medication, and recourse to professional help. Results: Responders attributing psychological explanations to the somatic cues had the highest state and lifetime depression rates, viewed their depression as more likely to be a ‘disorder’ and were more likely to have received treatment for depression. Those with a personality style of ‘anxious worrying’ reported increased morbidity across all depression variables, but personality did not make attributional style redundant in multivariate analyses. Conclusions: Interpreting somatic cues in a psychological way is associated with higher rates of reported depression and increased recourse to depression treatment. Thus, a normalizing response style may make depression recognition and detection difficult. Study findings challenge the capacity of self-report measures to detect depression, especially in general practice settings.
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Kang, Euijin, EunKyoung Chung, and YoungWoo Sohn. "The effect of subordinate motivation on performance." Korean Journal of Industrial and Organizational Psychology 24, no. 3 (August 31, 2011): 553–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.24230/kjiop.v24i3.553-574.
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The purpose of this study is to examine whether subordinate attribution style on leader emotional (positive and negative) display moderates the relationship between subordinate achievement motivation/personal need for structure(PNS) and performance. 75 employees in the sales department of a pharmaceutical company participated in the survey. Results showed that subordinates using person-attribution style on leader negative emotional display performed better than those using performance-attribution style, though they had the same high level of explicit achievement motivation and PNS. That is, the moderating role of subordinate attributional style on leader negative emotional display was verified. On the contrary, subordinate attributional style on leader positive emotional display did not moderate the relationship between subordinate explicit achievement motivation/PNS and performance. Theoretical and practical implications, limitations, and future research are discussed.
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LEIBER, MICHAEL J., and ANNE C. WOODRICK. "Religious Beliefs, Attributional Styles, and Adherence to Correctional Orientations." Criminal Justice and Behavior 24, no. 4 (December 1997): 495–511. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0093854897024004006.
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Grasmick and colleagues contend that religious fundamentalism and dispositional attributional styles provide a context for understanding attitudes toward punitiveness among the general public. The present study examined the relationships among religion, attributional style, and the orientations of punitiveness and diversion in a sample of juvenile justice personnel. The findings failed to provide support for a positive relationship among religion, dispositional attribution, and a punitive orientation. A strict interpretation of the Bible and societal attribution was predictive of attitudes toward punitiveness and diversion. However, these effects of religion and societal attribution varied in their directions and association with specific correctional responses. The results have implications for the clarification of sociocultural factors underlying juvenile justice decision making.
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Marliani, Rosleny. "HUBUNGAN ANTARA GAYA ATRIBUSI DENGAN TINGKAT PRESTASI AKADEMIK." Psympathic : Jurnal Ilmiah Psikologi 1, no. 1 (February 26, 2018): 33–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.15575/psy.v1i1.2117.
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The goal of this research is to find the crucial factors that influence the level of adolescence’s academic achievement. The objective of this research is to study the relationship between adolescence’s attributional style with their level of academic achievement. This research was carried out by correlational design. This research involve adolescence as students of three public senior high school in Bandung City, i.e. SMAN 4, SMAN 8, and SMAN 11. The sample of this study are 459 students selected through random from second and third grade. The students at first grade not selected as sample because them not yet owned the data of achievement. The data of achievement was collected by documentation study, and data of attribution by questionnaire. The data expressed in ordinal scale and analyzed statistically by Rank Spearman. This study has some outcomes related to the relationship between style of attribution with academic achievement. Students which attributing their academic success with high ability and effort or working hard and attributed their academic failure with lack of effort and luck, tend to attain high achievement. While the students that attributing their academic success with easy task and luck, and attributed their academic failure with lack of ability and difficult task, tend to attain low achievement. Based on the findings, to increasing the level of student’s academic achievement can be conducted by train the students to developing the adaptive attribution style, that is to attributing their success academic with ability and effort factors, and to attributing their failure academic with lack of effort an luck.
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Maltby, John. "Attribution Style and Projection." Journal of Genetic Psychology 157, no. 4 (December 1996): 505–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00221325.1996.9914883.
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Parkes, Jarred F., and Clifford J. Mallett. "Developing Mental Toughness: Attributional Style Retraining in Rugby." Sport Psychologist 25, no. 3 (September 2011): 269–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/tsp.25.3.269.
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Recent research has identified optimism as an underlying mechanism of mental toughness (Coulter, Mallett, & Gucciardi, 2010). To further understand what elements of mental toughness can be developed, the current study evaluated the utility of an optimism intervention that employed cognitive-behavioral techniques (e.g., identifying automatic thoughts; testing accuracy of thoughts) to retrain attributional style. Seven male rugby players who were competing in first grade club rugby participated in the intervention. The effectiveness of the program was partially evaluated via self-reports of the Sport Attributional Style Scale (Hanrahan, Grove, & Hattie, 1989). Qualitative data were also collected via a focus group and semistructured interviews. The quantitative results provided minimal support for the utility of the intervention; there was evidence to suggest participants’ attributions became more external for negative events. The qualitative data suggested that participants (a) developed greater resilience in the face of adversity, (b) were more confident in their sport, and (c) developed a more optimistic explanatory style for negative events. The qualitative findings support the utility of a cognitive-behavioral based attribution retraining intervention for developing optimism in rugby players. The data also supported the flexible use of external attributions for negative events.
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Ladd, Ellen R., M. Cay Welsh, William F. Vitulli, Elise E. Labbé, and Joseph G. Law. "Narcissism and Causal Attribution." Psychological Reports 80, no. 1 (February 1997): 171–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1997.80.1.171.
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This study examined the relationship between scores on narcissistic personality traits and causal attributions to positive and negative events. 119 undergraduate students in psychology as participants completed the Narcissistic Personality Inventory-40, the Attributional Style Questionnaire, and several Self-referencing Closed-ended Vignettes. Analyses indicated that men who scored higher on the Narcissistic Personality Inventory-40 made more internal and stable attributions to positive events and more external and unstable attributions to negative events than did men who scored lower on the Narcissistic Personality Inventory-40. Also scores on the Self-referencing Closed-ended Vignettes correlated significantly and positively with the Attributional Style Questionnaire, providing evidence for the validity of the vignettes.
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Brosschot, Jos F., and Henriette R. Aarsse. "Restricted Emotional Processing and Somatic Attribution in Fibromyalgia." International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine 31, no. 2 (June 2001): 127–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/k7au-9ux9-w8bw-tetl.
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Objective: Medically unexplained symptoms or syndromes, such as fibromyalgia (FM), might be partly caused or sustained by a mechanism involving restricted emotional processing (REP) and the subsequent attribution of emotional arousal to somatic or syndrome-consistent causes. In this study, it was hypothesized that FM patients, compared to healthy individuals, would be higher on trait measures of REP (defensiveness and alexithymia), and would show affective-autonomic response dissociation, that is, higher standardized scores of heart rate responses than affective responses, during negative emotional stimulation. Additionally, FM patients were expected to attribute their bodily symptoms more to somatic than to psychological causes. Method: Emotional movie excerpts were shown to 16 female FM patients and 17 healthy women. Affective response and heart rate were monitored continuously, while symptoms and their causal attributions were measured before and after the excerpts. Repressor coping style and alexithymia were measured, along with negative affectivity and habitual attributions of somatic complaints. Results: FM patients nearly all showed the relatively uncommon combination of high defensiveness and high anxiousness. Compared with healthy women FM patients were more alexithymic, showed a higher level of affective-autonomic response dissociation, and lower within-subject emotional variability. The groups showed opposite attributional patterns, with FM patients attributing symptoms less to psychological causes and more to somatic causes. There was no evidence of a shift in these attributions caused by the emotional stimuli. Conclusions: The results provide preliminary support for the hypotheses. Both at trait and at state level, FM showed restricted emotional processing on most of the parameters measured, and a high ratio of somatic to psychological symptom attribution, coupled with high negative affectivity.
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SHINADA, Mizuho, and Toshio YAMAGISHI. "Interregional migration and attribution style:." Proceedings of the Annual Convention of the Japanese Psychological Association 74 (September 20, 2010): 3PM023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4992/pacjpa.74.0_3pm023.
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Oviawe, Jane Itohan, Mohamed Nor Azhari Azman, Tee Tze Kiong, and Oryngul S. Abilmazhinova. "ATTRIBUTION STYLES AS CORRELATES OF TECHNICAL DRAWING TASK-PERSISTENCE AND TECHNICAL COLLEGE STUDENTS’ PERFORMANCE." Jurnal Cakrawala Pendidikan 40, no. 2 (June 30, 2021): 544–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.21831/cp.v40i2.38079.
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Technical drawing is a means of communicating between the designer and the manufacturers to bring ideas into reality by means of drafting. This study investigated attribution styles as collates of students’ technical drawing task-persistence and academic performance using correlational research design. The population for this study consisted of 864 students of year II and the sample study comprised of 150 (93 males and 57 females) randomly selected from six technical colleges in Edo State, Nigeria. Three instruments, Academic Performance Attribution Style Questionnaire (APASQ), Technical Drawing Task-persistent Rating Scale (TDTPRS); and Technical Drawing Performance Test (TDPT) were developed and used for data collection. Cronbach Alpha reliability method was used to determine the reliability of the instruments and the results were obtained: SAASQ = .87; TDTPRS=.79; AND TDAT=.85. The findings of the study revealed that the technical drawing task-persistence of students was positively correlated by functional attribution style; and was negatively correlated by dysfunctional attribution style; functional attribution style positively correlated academic performance of students. Based on the findings of the study, it was recommended among others that technical drawing teachers should model and teach the students the right attribution style that will enhance their learning of technical drawing.
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Chalder, T., M. J. Power, and S. Wessely. "Chronic fatigue in the community: ‘A question of attribution’." Psychological Medicine 26, no. 4 (July 1996): 791–800. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291700037818.
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SynopsisThirty-eight subjects identified in a large community survey were found to attribute their fatigue to ‘myalgic encephalomyelitis’ (ME). They were matched randomly to two other groups of subjects who attributed their fatigue to either psychological or social factors. All three groups were followed up 18 months later and were asked to complete a series of questionnaires that examined fatigue, psychological distress, number of symptoms, attributional style and levels of disability. At onset the ‘ME’ group were found to be more fatigued, had been tired for longer but were less psychologically distressed than the other two groups. At follow-up the ‘ME’ group were more handicapped in relation to home, work, social and private leisure activities, even when controlling for both duration of fatigue and fatigue at time 1, but were less psychologically distressed. The relationships between psychological distress, specific illness attributions, attributional style and their effect on the experience of illness and its prognosis are discussed. Attributing fatigue to social reasons appears to be most protective.
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Hasanvand, Banafsheh, Afsaneh Rezai Nasab, and Mahnaz Rezai Nasab. "The Comparison of Attribution Styles and Emotional Intelligence among the Successful and Unsuccessful Female High School Students in Ahvaz, Controlling for the Intelligence." International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences 37 (August 2014): 57–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilshs.37.57.
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The objective of the present study was comparing attribution styles and emotional intelligence of the successful and unsuccessful female high school students in Ahvaz, controlling for the intelligence. The population of this study consisted of the successful and unsuccessful female high school students in Ahvaz. The sample of successful and unsuccessful students consisted of 50 high school students each group, who were selected randomly by multi stage sampling method. The instruments used in this study were the Attribution Styles Questionnaire (ASQ) of Seligman and Sing, Self-Rated Emotional Intelligence Inventory (SREII) of Schutt, Raven Standard Progressive Matrices and the grade point average of the students. Also, MANCOVA test was used for analyzing the data. The result of MANCOVA revealed that there was significant differences between in successful and unsuccessful students attribution styles (and its subscales) of the. Also, negative attribution style of the unsuccessful students was more than that of successful group, but positive attribution style of the successful group was more than that of unsuccessful students. In addition, there was significant difference between successful and unsuccessful students’ emotional intelligence (and its subscales).
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CHATTOPADHYAY, RACHANA. "ATTRIBUTION STYLE AND ENTREPRENEURIAL SUCCESS: A STUDY BASED ON INDIAN CULTURE." Journal of Enterprising Culture 15, no. 03 (September 2007): 301–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218495807000162.
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Attribution theory is said to be one of the few psychological theories that can deal with entrepreneurial persistence and setbacks. To explain the question why some entrepreneurs “succeed” in establishing the firm and others do not, recently researchers are emphasizing upon the attribution style of the entrepreneurs. Moreover, US Panel Study of Entrepreneurial Dynamics (PSED) by Gartner and Shaver (2002) is also pointed out that nascent entrepreneurs show self serving bias in their attribution style. To know whether Indian nascent entrepreneurs show the same style of attribution, this study has been conducted. In this study, differentiation has been made upon high and low success group of nascent entrepreneurs in association with attribution style. Results of this study indicate different style of attribution among Indian nascent entrepreneurs.
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Holleman, Marsha Cline, John I. Thornby, and Joseph M. Merrill. "Substance Abusers: Role of Personal and Professional Role Traits in Caregivers' Causal Attributions." Psychological Reports 86, no. 2 (April 2000): 407–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.2000.86.2.407.
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Substance abuse continues to be a major health problem compounded by caregivers' negative attitudes toward these patients. We investigated attributions 55 primary care physicians and 315 senior medical students make toward substance abusers. Half of both groups expressed negative causal attributions, with women slightly less negative than men. Mental models based on LISREL regression coefficients showed that higher negative attributions by both physicians and students were related to their increased authoritarianism and depressed mood. Medical students choosing careers in primary care specialties, including psychiatry, expressed a less negative attributional style toward substance abusers than those students entering nonprimary careers. Health professional educators may find that using attribution theory to redefine successful outcomes in management of substance abuse can result in better attitudes for caregivers.
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Lee, Beatrice, Cahit Kaya, Xiangli Chen, Jia-Rung Wu, Kanako Iwanaga, Emre Umucu, Jill Bezyak, Timothy N. Tansey, and Fong Chan. "The Buffering Effect of Character Strengths on Depression." European Journal of Health Psychology 26, no. 3 (July 2019): 101–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/2512-8442/a000036.
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Abstract. The transition from high school to college can be very stressful for Turkish students because they may experience value conflicts and adjustment issues, which can trigger the development of mental health problems. Character strengths can serve as a buffer against psychopathology. The aim of the study was to examine perceived stress and negative attributional style as mediating factors between character strengths and depression among Turkish college students. Bootstrap testing approach was implemented to compute direct and indirect effects and total effect in the mediation analysis. Altogether 235 students from two Turkish universities participated in the study. The results showed that character strengths were associated with lower levels of depression and it was negatively associated with perceived stress and negative attributional style. The results also indicated that perceived stress and negative attribution style completely mediated the relationship between character strengths and depression among Turkish college students. These findings suggested the need to develop empirically supported interventions that can promote character strengths toward reducing stress, negative attributions, and depression in this population.
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Kishkinova, Evgeniya Mikhailovna, and Yuliya Petrovna Limareva. "NATIONAL STYLE FURNITURE: PROBLEMS OF ATTRIBUTION." Manuscript, no. 12 (December 2019): 271–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.30853/manuscript.2019.12.54.
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Nurmi, Jari-Erik, Michael D. Berzonsky, Kaisa Tammi, and Andrew Kinney. "Identity Processing Orientation, Cognitive and Behavioural Strategies and Well-being." International Journal of Behavioral Development 21, no. 3 (October 1997): 555–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/016502597384785.
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The aim of this study was to investigate interrelationships among the identity negotiation styles that people use, the cognitive and behavioural strategies they deploy, and their sense of subjective well-being. To examine this, 198 American and 109 Finnish college students completed the Identity Style Inventory, the Strategy and Attribution Questionnaire, Rosenberg’s Self-esteem Scale, and the revised Beck’s Depression Inventory. Results showed that people with an information-oriented identity style reported the highest level of self-esteem, those with a normative style had the most stable self-conceptions, and those with a diffuse/avoidant style displayed the highest level of depressive symptomatology. Moreover, dysfunctional cognitive and attributional strategies, such as expecting to fail and engaging in task-irrelevant behaviour, were associated with low self-esteem, unstable self-conceptions, and depressive symptomatology. Finally, the associations between identity processing styles and well-being were found to be mediated by the cognitive strategies that people deploy.
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Rodríguez Huitrón, Alejandro M., and Laura Hernández-Guzmán. "Adaptación lingüística y psicométrica del Cuestionario de EstilosAtributivos Académicos (EAT-A)." Liberabit: Revista Peruana de Psicología 26, no. 2 (October 1, 2020): e408. http://dx.doi.org/10.24265/liberabit.2020.v26n2.03.
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Background: Students’ attributions of their grades mayaffect their academic performance. However, lack ofevidence supporting the validity and reliability of theinstruments measuring attribution is a major concern.Objective: To analyze the factor structure, convergentvalidity and reliability of the Academic Attributional StyleQuestionnaire adapted to Mexican high school students(EAT-A). Method: The sample consisted of 557 MexicoCity students of both sexes aged between 15 and 19. Usinga confirmatory factor analysis for both success and failureattributions, a 7-factor structure and a 4-factor structureof the EAT-A were tested. The instrument’s convergentvalidity, internal consistency and reliability were examined.Results: Only the 7-factor structure showed adequate fitindices: RMSEA = .046; SRMR = .053; CFI = .961; TLI =.952 and χ²/gl = 2.72. In addition, the EAT-A evidencedconvergent validity concerning success and reliabilitymotivation. Conclusion: The EAT-A is a quick- and easy-to-administer instrument for measuring students’attributions of their grades in a reliable and valid manner.
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Standing, Oliver, Susan Standing, and Eric Kordt. "Explaining attribution in information technology projects." Journal of Systems and Information Technology 18, no. 2 (May 9, 2016): 216–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jsit-01-2016-0002.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the relationship between project failure and success and an individual’s attributional style and level of seniority. Information technology (IT)-related projects are often complex because of the need to work with a range of stakeholders and satisfy diverse expectations, and thus projects often fail. Design/methodology/approach A case study of a large government organisation was undertaken: interviews and focus groups were conducted and used as primary data for qualitative analysis. Findings Line and executive managers have the tendency to increasingly make more pessimistic attributions than support workers, believing that failure was likely to persist in the future because of the inability to influence management and stakeholders. Support workers have the tendency to be more optimistic than line and executive managers and this has implications for self-serving evaluation practices. Originality/value The application of the attribution theory provides insights into project success and failure and the discrepancies between line managers’ and employees’ job satisfaction.
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Kusumo Yondrian, Alto. "Tinjauan Sistematis: Faktor-Faktor Gaya Atribusi Prestasi Akademik." Journal An-Nafs: Kajian Penelitian Psikologi 5, no. 1 (June 1, 2020): 38–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.33367/psi.v5i1.948.
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Attribution style is one of the most relevant concepts in predicting academic achievement. Various researches have tried to study the factors that influence the attribution style. Several factors such as gender, ethnicity, and social class have been widely discussed in scientific publications. However, since Bernard Weiner first developed attribution theory more than 40 years ago, there have been changes in a social condition that might have affected various attribution factors. This review aims to see the latest developments in the factors that influence the attribution of academic achievement. A systematic search of articles published in 3 English-language international publishers since 2010 identified a total of 6 studies, which included 132.293 students from various nations. An assessment that measured qualities of a research in 4 areas: research design, sampling, measurement, and analysis identified 3 high-quality research and 3 moderate-quality research. The result shows that ethnic factors confirm the findings from previous studies. Researches on gender factors provide new insights regarding the attribution style of female students. Besides, new factors emerge, such as school stratification and the attribution style of parents over their life events.
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Mastanora, Refika, Rudi Pranata, and Oktri Permata Lani. "CHILDREN SOCIAL ATTRIBUTION BASED ON GENDER PERSPECTIVE." AGENDA: Jurnal Analisis Gender dan Agama 3, no. 1 (June 19, 2021): 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.31958/agenda.v3i1.3709.
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Social attribution can appear spontaneously or through long considerations and thinking process. Factors influencing attribution is the attribution style; planned and unplanned attribution. This kind of behavior can arise due to emotional factors. Meanwhile, children's social attributions arise because of stereotypes or labeling that have been attached to society, thus it has an impact on children's understanding of gender since they were born. The existence of social construction regarding gender roles cannot be separated from how the paradigm views the labeling of the characteristics of women and men is. In children, this social attribution usually occurs because of the stereotype of gender roles taught to children. This stereotype is a labeling that begins based on the perception or point of view of a person. While gender role stereotypes are part of the discussion about gender "sex", namely social expectations that define how men and women think, feel, and act, which are part of the product of the stereotype itself.
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Leposavic, Ivana, and Ljubica Leposavic. "Attribution style of patients with delusion disorder." Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo 134, no. 1-2 (2006): 7–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sarh0602007l.
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Introduction. Attribution style represents a tendency to explain events by our own actions, or actions of forces and causes, persons or surroundings, which are external. Objective. The objective of our study was the analysis of specific way in which patients with delusion disorders ascribe meanings to events. Method. The test group included 30 patients with delusional disorder, of both sexes, aged between 30 and 53, without serious organic or somatic disorders. In order to determine the specific attribution system, through a wider frame of cognitive style, Rorschach?s cognitive techniques was applied. RESULTS An average value of MMSE score amounted to 28.43 and IQ - to 103.86. The data were evaluated by Comprehensive interpretation system of John Exner, and only those parameters were used that were the most indicative for this analysis. Patients with delusional disorder belonged to ambitent experience type, which pointed to inconsistency because the role of emotions varied during the process of decision making. Processing quality was temporarily significantly reduced to less mature and unsophisticated level, especially in complex situations. Thinking was strongly fixed and inflexible. More than other people, they applied intellectualization in order to annihilate affective experiences, leading thus to delusional thinking disorder in extreme cases. Sometimes, internal conflicts between high self value and awareness that it might not be valid, could lead to delusional expressions, if the environment was especially unsupportive. Conclusion. Attribution style of patients with DD is externalized and implies the ascribing of negative experiences to another person?s action. Marked self-centering and experience of increased personal value dominate over the perception of the environment in these patients, while discrepancy between real self and an ideal is decreased by specific ascribing.
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Pepi, Annamaria, and Marianna Alesi. "Attribution style in adolescents with Down's syndrome." European Journal of Special Needs Education 20, no. 4 (December 2005): 419–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08856250500268650.
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Vassilopoulos, Stephanos P., Andreas Brouzos, and Eleni Andreou. "A Multi-Session Attribution Modification Program for Children with Aggressive Behaviour: Changes in Attributions, Emotional Reaction Estimates, and Self-Reported Aggression." Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy 43, no. 5 (April 25, 2014): 538–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1352465814000149.
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Background: Research suggests that aggressive children are prone to over-attribute hostile intentions to peers. Aims: The current study investigated whether this attributional style can be altered using a Cognitive Bias Modification of Interpretations (CBM-I) procedure. Method: A sample of 10–12-year-olds selected for displaying aggressive behaviours was trained over three sessions to endorse benign rather than hostile attributions in response to ambiguous social scenarios. Results: Compared to a test-retest control group (n = 18), children receiving CBM-I (n = 16) were less likely to endorse hostile attributions and more likely to endorse benign attributions in response to a new set of ambiguous social situations. Furthermore, aggressive behaviour scores reduced more in the trained group than in the untrained controls. Children who received attribution training also reported less perceived anger and showed a trend to report more self-control than those in the control group. Conclusions: Implications of these findings are discussed.
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Behzadi, Hassan, and Azam Sanatjoo. "Attributional style of emotions and its relationship with users’ search behaviour." Journal of Information Science 45, no. 1 (June 18, 2018): 105–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0165551518782400.
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This study aimed to assess the users’ style of attribution of emotions in information retrieval process based on Weiner’s attribution theory of emotion. The research method in the present research is descriptive and the type of study is practical. The population of this study consisted of MA students of different humanistic science branches studying at Imam-Reza International University. A sample of 72 students was selected. The required information were collected through a questionnaire of attribution style and two researcher-made questionnaires. Results showed that the majority of the users attributed their failure and success in information retrieval to internal causes. Also according to Weiner’s theory, they mentioned ‘effort’ as a factor in their success and ‘inability’ and ‘inadequate effort’ as their main failure factors. Research showed that individuals who attribute their emotions to internal factors are more satisfied with their search. On the other hand, it was found that there is a significant relationship between the overall style of user’s attribution and their style of attribution in information retrieval.
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Tátrai, Szilárd, and Júlia Ballagó. "On Socio-Cultural Situatedness in Style Attribution: A Study of Style in Hungarian." New Horizons in English Studies 4 (September 4, 2020): 3–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.17951/nh.2020.5.3-23.
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Building upon the theoretical foundations of social cognitive linguistics, this paper makes the case for considering the speaker’s socio-cultural situatedness in the intersubjective context of joint attention as a key factor in the process of style attribution. Specifically, socio-cultural situatedness is regarded as a crucial component of the speaker’s perspective, playing a decisive role in the construal of style. In order to support this central assumption, the paper presents a two-phase empirical study of style in Hungarian. In the first phase, the authors conducted a questionnaire study to find out which everyday, intuitive labels of style give evidence of the speaker’s socio-cultural situatedness. The questionnaire made use of 12 excerpts of Hungarian university seminars to elicit reflections on style attributions. In the second phase, relying on the results of the first survey, a subsequent questionnaire was conducted. The aim of the second questionnaire was to operationalize folk categories of style attested in the first phase to describe style and measure stylistic markedness. Reconsidering earlier descriptive models, we found that the folk categories of style foreground different aspects of the speaker’s socio-cultural situatedness which – on a more abstract level – can be successfully described by the heuristic scientific categories of socio-cultural factors, which imply the speaker’s socio-cultural attitude to different aspects of style in the recipient’s interpretation. The speaker’s socio-cultural attitude comprises her attitude to the formation of discourse, to the discourse partner, to the value of the topic, to the temporality of constructions and to the norms of the register of the discourse.
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Shirdel, Kheironesa, Mohammad Kazem Fakhri, and Bahram Mirzaeyan. "The Structural Model of Educational Self-regulation Based on Learning Strategies and Attributional Styles by the Mediator of Achievement Motivation Among Secondary High School Students in Sari in 2017-2018." International Clinical Neuroscience Journal 5, no. 3 (September 30, 2018): 92–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.15171/icnj.2018.18.
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Background: Achievement motivation is one of the critical variables that predict educational achievement and success in the future. Therefore, the identification of effective factors upon achievement motivation may be one of the basic subjects in education. The present study aimed to evaluate the structural model of educational self-regulation based on learning strategies by the mediator of achievement motivation among students. Methods: The present study was correlation research with structural equation modeling (SEM). The statistical universe of this study consisted of all boy and girl students at secondary high schools in 2017-2018. The multistep random cluster sampling selected 375 (215 girls and 160 boys). Data gathered by the Bouffard educational self-regulation questionnaire, learning strategies questionnaire, attributional style questionnaire, and Herman’s achievement motivation questionnaire. Data analysis gathered by path analysis and structural equations with Lisrel 8.80 software. Results: The research results indicated the direct effects of learning strategies and attributional styles upon achievement motivation (P<0.05). Also, model fitting indicated indirect effects of learning strategies and attributional styles by achievement motivation upon students learning self-regulation (P<0.01). Conclusion: Research results indicate that self-regulation learning strategies are educational. The teaching of these strategies is effective in increasing internal attribution style for positive events and decreasing this style for adverse events among students.
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Um, Nam-Hyun, and Ahnlee Jang. "Impact of celebrity endorsement type on consumers' brand and advertisement perception and purchase intention." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 48, no. 4 (April 7, 2020): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.8913.
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We examined how different types of celebrity endorsement influence consumers' advertisement and brand evaluation, and purchase intention. We also investigated the relationship between celebrity endorsement type and consumers' attribution style. Participants were 309 students from a private university in Korea. Results show there was no significant relationship between celebrity endorsement type and consumers' attribution style, or between consumers' identification with a celebrity endorser and attribution style. However, after a consumer's exposure to a celebrity endorsed advertisement, dispositional (vs. situational) attribution led to a more positive evaluation of the advertisement and brand. Last, we found that consumers' strong (vs. weak) identification with a celebrity endorser resulted in a more favorable evaluation of the advertisement and brand, and higher purchase intention. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
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Li, Zhao, Wangbing Liang, Yinggang Bao, and Ruili Zhang. "The Role of Relative Deprivation and Attribution Style in the Relationship between Organizational Fairness and Employees’ Service Innovation Behavior." Behavioral Sciences 12, no. 12 (December 12, 2022): 506. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bs12120506.
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The basis of organizational innovation is employee innovation, which is of great significance for organizations to gain a competitive advantage. At present, the research on the influencing factors of employee service innovation behavior is increasing. This study, based on the social cognitive theory, with relative deprivation as the mediator and attribution style as the moderator, explores the mechanism of the effect of organizational fairness on employee service innovation behavior. Taking 342 employees of service-oriented enterprises as the subjects of investigation, this paper empirically tests the theoretical model by using Amos and SPSS. The results indicated the following, organizational fairness was positively related to employees’ service innovation behavior. Relative deprivation partially mediated the relationship between organizational fairness and service innovation behavior. An external attribution style positively moderated the relationship between relative deprivation and employee service innovation behavior. An external attribution style also positively moderated the mediation effect of the relationship between organizational fairness and service innovation behavior. The internal attribution style negatively moderated the relationship between relative deprivation and employee service innovation behavior. The internal attribution style also negatively moderated the mediation effect of the relationship between organizational fairness and service innovation behavior. The conclusion of this study has managerial implications on how to promote employee service innovation behavior in service-oriented enterprises.
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Prapavessis, Harry, and Albert V. Carron. "Learned Helplessness in Sport." Sport Psychologist 2, no. 3 (September 1988): 189–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/tsp.2.3.189.
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One purpose of the present investigation was to examine whether tennis athletes have maladaptive achievement patterns associated with learned helplessness, and whether this condition is related to gender and/or skill level. A second purpose was to determine if there is a relationship between maladaptive achievement patterns and the attributional styles used in failure performances. A sport-specific questionnaire based upon the research of Dweck and others was designed to assess the cognitive, motivational, and emotional maladaptive achievement patterns in male and female highly skilled and lesser skilled athletes enrolled in a tennis academy (N=50). Another sport-specific questionnaire based on Abramson’s attributional model was used to measure each athlete’s attributional style (i.e., locus of control, stability, globality, and importance). Results revealed that 11 subjects demonstrated maladaptive achievement patterns associated with learned helplessness. No gender or skill level differences were present. Subjects classified as helpless had a different attribution dimension style for explaining failure performances than did subjects classified as nonhelpless. Specifically, helpless subjects gave ratings that were internal, persistent, and recurrent. The results were discussed in terms of their practical implications.
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Motallebzadeh, Khalil, Maryam Ebrahimi Seresht, and Samaneh Ardalan Javan. "ATTRIBUTION TENDENCY AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH IRANIAN EFL STUDENTS’ LEARNING STYLE AT ADVANCE LEVEL, A STRUCTURE EQUATION MODELING APPROACH." Malaysian Journal of Languages and Linguistics (MJLL) 7, no. 1 (June 1, 2018): 51–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/mjll.vol7iss1pp51-61.
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This study was designed to find out whether there is any association between EFL learners attribution tendency and their learning style level at advance level. To this end 135 English learners were chosen as the subject of the study; 85 female, and 50 male. They were asked provide answers to two valid, reliable questionnaires; attribution questionnaire (ATFLL), and Reid’s (1987) PLSP Questionnaire. Having obtained the raw data, the SPSS software (version 21) was used to change the data into numerical interpretable form. Then, the correlation between the subscales of two variables was calculated. Also structure equation model was run. The result of the study indicated that there is high, positive correlation between Kinesthetic learning style and internal attribution. Moreover, Individual learning style had the highest positive correlation while group learning had the highest negative correlation with external attribution.
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Kessler, Stacey R., Kevin T. Mahoney, Brandon Randolph-Seng, Mark J. Martinko, and Paul E. Spector. "The Effects of Attribution Style and Stakeholder Role on Blame for the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill." Business & Society 58, no. 8 (July 6, 2017): 1572–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0007650317717495.
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We extend attribution and stakeholder theory in the context of crisis reputation management by examining differences in stakeholder perceptions in the form of organization-related blame. We presented eight stakeholder groups with factual information surrounding the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill and asked them to indicate the extent to which they blamed the leaders and organizations associated with the event. Stakeholders also completed a survey assessing their attribution styles. Results indicated that perceptions of blame were affected by the interaction of stakeholder role (i.e., active vs. passive) with attribution style (i.e., optimistic vs. pessimistic). Our results suggest that organizational leaders’ understanding of their stakeholders may be an important aspect in managing stakeholders’ sensemaking during crises.
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V., N., Ch Sadhvi, P. Tejaswini, and Y. Mounica. "Style based Authorship Attribution on English Editorial Documents." International Journal of Computer Applications 159, no. 4 (February 15, 2017): 5–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5120/ijca2017912899.
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GRASMICK, HAROLD G., and ANNE L. McGILL. "RELIGION, ATTRIBUTION STYLE, AND PUNITIVENESS TOWARD JUVENILE OFFENDERS*." Criminology 32, no. 1 (February 1994): 23–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-9125.1994.tb01145.x.
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Bassett Jr., Gilbert W., and Hsiu-Lang Chen. "Portfolio style: Return-based attribution using quantile regression." Empirical Economics 26, no. 1 (March 22, 2001): 293–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001810100074.
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Bagavandas, M., and G. Manimannan. "Style Consistency and Authorship Attribution: A Statistical Investigation*." Journal of Quantitative Linguistics 15, no. 1 (February 2008): 100–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09296170701803426.
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Romens, Sarah E., Donal G. MacCoon, Lyn Y. Abramson, and Seth D. Pollak. "Cognitive Style Moderates Attention to Attribution-Relevant Stimuli." Cognitive Therapy and Research 35, no. 2 (December 5, 2010): 134–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10608-010-9345-8.
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Alesi, Marianna, and Annamaria Pepi. "ATTRIBUTION STYLE AND INTERNAL STATE LEXICON: A COMPARISON BETWEEN INDIVIDUALS WITH INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY AND TYPICAL DEVELOPMENT." Problems of Psychology in the 21st Century 2, no. 1 (April 10, 2012): 6–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.33225/ppc/12.02.06.
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Current theories of intellectual disabilities underlie an approach centred on a more complete description of the development, known as “the whole child approach”, in which emphasis is placed on the reciprocal relationships between the cognitive and motivational dimensions which characterise development. In particular, subjects with intellectual disabilities, who have experienced repeated failures, may develop an attribution profile characterised by a bias towards primarily external causes. However the consideration of internal causes, such as effort and ability, requires the involvement of higher metacognitive and metalinguistic levels. Consequently, attribution to effort requires an awareness of one’s own internal states. The aim of this study is to compare the attribution style and the knowledge of internal states words (physiological, emotional and cognitive) in adolescents with intellectual disability and typical development. Two groups consisting of 14 participants each were employed, an experimental group and a control group. The experimental group was composed by adolescents with intellectual disability. Participants in the control group were matched to the experimental Ss for mental age. All of the 24 participants were given an Attribution Test (Pepi and Alesi, 2001) and a Internal States Lexicon Test (Alesi and Pepi, 2005). The attribution test consisting of 14 items illustrating either everyday or school-related events in which the main character experiences either success or failure. The participants were asked to attribute the character’s performance to one of five causes: ability; effort; help; luck; or task difficulty. On the whole, individuals with intellectual disability tend to attribute mainly performance to external causes such as the ease of the task. Moreover the results show a significant relationship between attribution style and knowledge of internal states words. In summary this study provide support for the planning of multidimensional training programs aimed at internalize the attribution style in subjects with intellectual disability. Key words: attribution style; intellectual disability; internal state lexicon; motivation.
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Gonzálvez, Carolina, Mariola Giménez, María Vicent, Ricardo Sanmartín, María José Quiles, and José Manuel García-Fernández. "School Refusal Behaviour Profiles and Academic Self-Attributions in Language and Literature." Sustainability 13, no. 13 (July 5, 2021): 7512. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13137512.
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School refusal behaviour has a major impact on the lives of children and adolescents, seriously affecting their personal, academic and social adjustment. The objectives of this research were: (1) to identify, using latent profile analysis, school refusal behaviour profiles based on the functional model and (2) to analyse the relationship between the identified school refusal behaviour profiles and academic self-attributions in language and literature. The School Refusal Assessment Scale-Revised (SRAS-R) and the Sydney Attribution Scale (SAS) were administered to 926 Spanish students (51% boys) aged 8 to 11 (M = 9.57; SD = 1.07). Four school refusal behaviour profiles were obtained: low school refusal behaviour, school refusal behaviour by positive reinforcement, mixed school refusal behaviour and high mixed school refusal behaviour. School refuser profiles, characterised by high scores on the first three factors of the SRAS-R (high mixed and mixed school refusal behaviour profiles), reported higher scores on an academic self-attributional style, in which they associate their failures with a lack of ability and effort. Results are discussed, considering the relationship between school refusal behaviour and unsuitable attributional styles in language and literature. Promoting effective coping skills to deal with school failure situations will seek to improve, as far as possible, the needs of all students contributing to a healthy learning environment.
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Simko, Lucy, Luke Zettlemoyer, and Tadayoshi Kohno. "Recognizing and Imitating Programmer Style: Adversaries in Program Authorship Attribution." Proceedings on Privacy Enhancing Technologies 2018, no. 1 (January 1, 2018): 127–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/popets-2018-0007.
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Abstract Source code attribution classifiers have recently become powerful. We consider the possibility that an adversary could craft code with the intention of causing a misclassification, i.e., creating a forgery of another author’s programming style in order to hide the forger’s own identity or blame the other author. We find that it is possible for a non-expert adversary to defeat such a system. In order to inform the design of adversarially resistant source code attribution classifiers, we conduct two studies with C/C++ programmers to explore the potential tactics and capabilities both of such adversaries and, conversely, of human analysts doing source code authorship attribution. Through the quantitative and qualitative analysis of these studies, we (1) evaluate a state-of-the-art machine classifier against forgeries, (2) evaluate programmers as human analysts/forgery detectors, and (3) compile a set of modifications made to create forgeries. Based on our analyses, we then suggest features that future source code attribution systems might incorporate in order to be adversarially resistant.
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Sanderman, Robbert. "Causal Attributions, Real Life-Events and Personality Characteristics: A Preliminary Study." Psychological Reports 59, no. 2 (October 1986): 795–801. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1986.59.2.795.
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The learned-helplessness model has been given much attention recently. In this article some issues are briefly reviewed, the main purpose of this study was, however, to determine the relationship between causal attributions and personality characteristics, symptoms and feelings of well-being. Although causal attribution style is considered a trait-like concept, this can not be substantiated by the results of the current study. It is concluded that a refinement of the learned-helplessness model and its assessment methods is necessary to test the role of causal attributions in psychological functioning more adequately.
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Davison, H. Kristl, and Jack Smothers. "How Theory X style of management arose from a fundamental attribution error." Journal of Management History 21, no. 2 (April 13, 2015): 210–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jmh-03-2014-0073.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to propose that the Theory X style of management arose from a fundamental attribution error, in which managers assumed that employees’ lack of motivation was a disposition rather than a function of unmotivating work situations. Design/methodology/approach – The paper reviews the nature of work during the industrial revolution from a Job Characteristics Model perspective and compares Theory X and Theory Y perspectives in terms of their emphasis on dispositional or situational influences on behavior. Findings – It was found that factory work performed during the industrial revolution was likely to be deficient in terms of the five core dimensions of the Job Characteristics Model, and would have been unmotivating. Because of the fundamental attribution error, managers would have assumed that workers were unmotivated by nature, but the situation was likely the cause of their lack of motivation. Practical implications – As illustrated by our findings, management theory development and interpretation can benefit from understanding the historical context within which the theory was developed. Considering both situational and person (i.e. individual differences or traits) effects is particularly important for theory development. Originality/value – The unique contribution of this paper is to make the connection between the characteristics of work performed during the industrial revolution and consequent inaccurate managerial attributions of worker motivation (i.e. Theory X).
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JANSSEN, I., D. VERSMISSEN, J. À. CAMPO, I. MYIN-GERMEYS, J. VAN OS, and L. KRABBENDAM. "Attribution style and psychosis: evidence for an externalizing bias in patients but not in individuals at high risk." Psychological Medicine 36, no. 6 (March 27, 2006): 771–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291706007422.
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Background. The aims of the study were to investigate whether (i) patients with lifetime presence of non-affective psychosis show an external-personal attribution bias for negative events, (ii) this attribution style can also be detected in first-degree relatives of patients with psychosis and subjects with subclinical psychotic experiences, and (iii) this attribution style is related to the presence of psychotic symptoms, in particular delusions.Method. Participants were 23 patients with lifetime presence of non-affective psychosis, a high- risk group of 36 first-degree relatives of patients with non-affective psychosis, a high-risk group of 31 subjects with subclinical psychotic experiences and 46 normal controls. Attribution style was measured by the Internal, Personal and Situational Attribution Questionnaire. Positive symptoms were assessed with the Present State Examination (PSE) and the Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms (SAPS).Results. Relative to the controls, an externalizing bias was apparent in the patient group (β=0·20, p=0·03) but not in the two high-risk groups. There was a dose–response association between externalizing bias and the delusions subscale of the PSE (relative to lowest level: highest level of delusions: β=0·53, p=0·04; intermediate levels of delusions: β=0·23, p=0·35). No significant differences were found in personalizing bias between the four groups.Conclusions. Patients with psychosis tend to use an externalizing bias in their explanations of negative social events, and this bias is associated with the presence of positive psychotic symptoms, in particular delusions. A deviant attribution style is not part of the vulnerability to psychosis.
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Fernández-Sogorb, Aitana, Nelly G. Lagos-San Martín, Ricardo Sanmartín, and María Vicent. "Child Anxiety Profiles in Chilean Elementary School Students and Academic Self-Attributions in Mathematics." SAGE Open 11, no. 4 (October 2021): 215824402110613. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/21582440211061396.
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The present study had a dual objective: to verify the existence of profiles of anxious students and to relate the possible profiles with causal self-attributions in the area of mathematics. The sample consisted of 1,730 Chilean children from 9 to 11 years old ( M = 10.05; SD = 1.03). The Visual Analog Scale for Anxiety-Revised and the Sydney Attribution Scale were administered. Four profiles were found by using the latent class analysis: Low Anxiety, Moderate Anxiety, Moderate Anxiety School-type and High Anxiety. The High Anxiety profile tended to attribute its failures more to ability and effort. However, the Moderate Anxiety School-type group showed a greater tendency to attribute its failures to external causes and its successes to effort. The practical implications of these findings for improving the attributional style and the anxiety levels of each profile are discussed.
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Tamboli, Mubin Shoukat, and Rajesh Prasad. "A robust authorship attribution on big period." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 9, no. 4 (August 1, 2019): 3167. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v9i4.pp3167-3174.
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Authorship attribution is a task to identify the writer of unknown text and categorize it to known writer. Writing style of each author is distinct and can be used for the discrimination. There are different parameters responsible for rectifying such changes. When the writing samples collected for an author when it belongs to small period, it can participate efficiently for identification of unknown sample. In this paper author identification problem considered where writing sample is not available on the same time period. Such evidences collected over long period of time. And character n-gram, word n-gram and pos n-gram features used to build the model. As they are contributing towards style of writer in terms of content as well as statistic characteristic of writing style. We applied support vector machine algorithm for classification. Effective results and outcome came out from the experiments. While discriminating among multiple authors, corpus selection and construction were the most tedious task which was implemented effectively. It is observed that accuracy varied on feature type. Word and character n-gram have shown good accuracy than PoS n-gram.