Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Attitude theory and measurement'
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1
Zhi, Dang Ke. "Strapdown Inertial Navigation Theory Application in Attitude Measurement." International Foundation for Telemetering, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/611616.
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International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 30-November 02, 1995 / Riviera Hotel, Las Vegas, NevadaWith the development of microcomputer technology, the application of strap-down inertial navigation on aircraft is used more frequently. The attitude measurement for miniature spacecraft is most important. Installing three-axis acceleration sensors and three-axis rate gyros on the spacecraft, the accelerations and attitudes can be obtained through the PCM/FM telemetry system. Then, the initial attitude of spacecraft is given through outside measurement and telemetry. Finally, in the ground station, the parameters of spacecraft attitude are given by using strapdown inertial navigation theory and quanternion differential equation for solving the attitude.
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McGrane, Joshua Aaron. "Unfolding the conceptualisation and measurement of ambivalent attitudes." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/5424.
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In the last two decades, ambivalence has emerged as one of the primary concerns of attitude researchers. The acknowledgement that individuals can simultaneously evaluate an attitude object as both positive and negative has challenged a number of the status quos of the attitude literature. This thesis utilises an unfolding approach to investigate the implications of ambivalence for the conceptualisation of attitudes and their measurement. Firstly, the assumption that ambivalence is at odds with the bipolar understanding of attitudes was investigated. The results suggested that ambivalence is consistent with bipolarity, whereby ambivalent attitudes are located at the centre of the bipolar dimension. Secondly, attitude scales for the abortion, euthanasia and Aboriginal Australians issues were constructed to reflect this bipolar understanding. The fit of these statements to Coombs’ (1964) unidimensional unfolding theory provided evidence that ambivalence is also consistent with the quantitative conceptualisation of attitudes. Together these results provided further validation of the unfolding approach to attitude measurement. These models alleviate many of the problems faced by the ubiquitous method of summated ratings, including the assessment of ambivalent evaluations. Finally, these scales were used to investigate the latent structure of attitudes and its relationship with meta-psychological judgements of ambivalence. The conclusions drawn from these analyses were limited by a number of issues, highlighting the importance of rigorously considering measurement issues for all attitude parameters. Nonetheless, they presented preliminary validation of these scales’ ability to measure ambivalent evaluations and suggested a systematic relationship between proximity to the centre of the evaluative dimension and metapsychological ambivalence. Overall, it is concluded that a number of assumptions regarding the implications of ambivalence are misplaced and the proposed solutions are even more troublesome. Suggestions for future research are made, particularly with respect to differentiating between ambivalent, indifferent and uncertain evaluative states. Furthermore, attitude researchers are encouraged to discard their operationalist biases in order to engage with the measurement issues illuminated throughout this thesis. This is necessary to account for the complexity of the attitude construct, which ambivalence is testament to.
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McGrane, Joshua Aaron. "Unfolding the conceptualisation and measurement of ambivalent attitudes." University of Sydney, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/5424.
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Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)In the last two decades, ambivalence has emerged as one of the primary concerns of attitude researchers. The acknowledgement that individuals can simultaneously evaluate an attitude object as both positive and negative has challenged a number of the status quos of the attitude literature. This thesis utilises an unfolding approach to investigate the implications of ambivalence for the conceptualisation of attitudes and their measurement. Firstly, the assumption that ambivalence is at odds with the bipolar understanding of attitudes was investigated. The results suggested that ambivalence is consistent with bipolarity, whereby ambivalent attitudes are located at the centre of the bipolar dimension. Secondly, attitude scales for the abortion, euthanasia and Aboriginal Australians issues were constructed to reflect this bipolar understanding. The fit of these statements to Coombs’ (1964) unidimensional unfolding theory provided evidence that ambivalence is also consistent with the quantitative conceptualisation of attitudes. Together these results provided further validation of the unfolding approach to attitude measurement. These models alleviate many of the problems faced by the ubiquitous method of summated ratings, including the assessment of ambivalent evaluations. Finally, these scales were used to investigate the latent structure of attitudes and its relationship with meta-psychological judgements of ambivalence. The conclusions drawn from these analyses were limited by a number of issues, highlighting the importance of rigorously considering measurement issues for all attitude parameters. Nonetheless, they presented preliminary validation of these scales’ ability to measure ambivalent evaluations and suggested a systematic relationship between proximity to the centre of the evaluative dimension and metapsychological ambivalence. Overall, it is concluded that a number of assumptions regarding the implications of ambivalence are misplaced and the proposed solutions are even more troublesome. Suggestions for future research are made, particularly with respect to differentiating between ambivalent, indifferent and uncertain evaluative states. Furthermore, attitude researchers are encouraged to discard their operationalist biases in order to engage with the measurement issues illuminated throughout this thesis. This is necessary to account for the complexity of the attitude construct, which ambivalence is testament to.
4
Brown, Jessica. "The Teacher Attitudes toward Homeless Students Scale: Development and Validation." Thesis, Boston College, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/2587.
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Thesis advisor: Larry H. LudlowRecent estimates suggest there are roughly 1.6 million homeless children and this number is growing (National Center on Family Homelessness, 2011). This trend is particularly worrisome given that homeless children face a number of obstacles within society and education, not the least of which is negative teacher attitudes (Swick, 2000; U.S. Department of Education, 2002). This study's primary research question addressed whether a set of underlying dimensions could be identified and used to effectively measure teacher attitudes toward homeless students. A necessary part of answering this research question involved the development of a measurement scale. Both Classical Test Theory and Item Response Theory analyses aided in the elimination process of items in order to create the final Teacher Attitudes toward Homeless Students (TAHS) assessment, which includes an attitudes scale and subscales, and a related knowledge scale. The final outcome was a set of 43 items, across eight dimensions, which could effectively be used to measure teacher attitudes toward homeless students. Additionally, the findings upheld the principles of Rasch measurement, including unidimensionality, a hierarchical ordering of items, and a continuum of the construct definition. In other words, the findings indicate that the TAHS scale was successfully developed according to explicit a priori measurement criteria. Moreover, additional correlational and regression analyses provided empirical construct and convergent validity evidence for the TAHS scale. It was also found that attitudes differed slightly for teachers of various backgrounds and experiences, but when analyzed collectively these variables were not significantly related to teacher attitudes toward homeless students. Additionally, there was only a weak relationship between teachers' attitudes and their knowledge about homelessness. Overall the TAHS scale allows for reliable and accurate measurement of teacher attitudes toward homeless students from which valid inferences can be made. The TAHS scale scores and score descriptors can be used to help teacher interpret their attitude. This has the potential for a direct impact in creating equal educational opportunities for homeless students as teachers become aware of their attitude and make positive changes
Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2012
Submitted to: Boston College. Lynch School of Education
Discipline: Educational Research, Measurement, and Evaluation
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Johnson, Timothy Kevin. "A reformulation of Coombs' Theory of Unidimensional Unfolding by representing attitudes as intervals." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/612.
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An examination of the logical relationships between attitude statements suggests that attitudes can be ordered according to favourability, and can also stand in relationships of implication to one another. The traditional representation of attitudes, as points on a single dimension, is inadequate for representing both these relations but representing attitudes as intervals on a single dimension can incorporate both favourability and implication. An interval can be parameterised using its two endpoints or alternatively by its midpoint and latitude. Using this latter representation, the midpoint can be understood as the �favourability� of the attitude, while the latitude can be understood as its �generality�. It is argued that the generality of an attitude statement is akin to its latitude of acceptance, since a greater semantic range increases the likelihood of agreement. When Coombs� Theory of Unidimensional Unfolding is reformulated using the interval representation, the key question is how to measure the distance between two intervals on the dimension. There are innumerable ways to answer this question, but the present study restricts attention to eighteen possible �distance� measures. These measures are based on nine basic distances between intervals on a dimension, as well as two families of models, the Minkowski r-metric and the Generalised Hyperbolic Cosine Model (GHCM). Not all of these measures are distances in the strict sense as some of them fail to satisfy all the metric axioms. To distinguish between these eighteen �distance� measures two empirical tests, the triangle inequality test, and the aligned stimuli test, were developed and tested using two sets of attitude statements. The subject matter of the sets of statements differed but the underlying structure was the same. It is argued that this structure can be known a priori using the logical relationships between the statement�s predicates, and empirical tests confirm the underlying structure and the unidimensionality of the statements used in this study. Consequently, predictions of preference could be ascertained from each model and either confirmed or falsified by subjects� judgements. The results indicated that the triangle inequality failed in both stimulus sets. This suggests that the judgement space is not metric, contradicting a common assumption of attitude measurement. This result also falsified eleven of the eighteen �distance� measures because they predicted the satisfaction of the triangle inequality. The aligned stimuli test used stimuli that were aligned at the endpoint nearest to the ideal interval. The results indicated that subjects preferred the narrower of the two stimuli, contrary to the predictions of six of the measures. Since these six measures all passed the triangle inequality test, only one measure, the GHCM (item), satisfied both tests. However, the GHCM (item) only passes the aligned stimuli tests with additional constraints on its operational function. If it incorporates a strictly log-convex function, such as cosh, the GHCM (item) makes predictions that are satisfied in both tests. This is also evidence that the latitude of acceptance is an item rather than a subject or combined parameter.
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Johnson, Timothy Kevin. "A reformulation of Coombs' Theory of Unidimensional Unfolding by representing attitudes as intervals." University of Sydney. Psychology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/612.
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An examination of the logical relationships between attitude statements suggests that attitudes can be ordered according to favourability, and can also stand in relationships of implication to one another. The traditional representation of attitudes, as points on a single dimension, is inadequate for representing both these relations but representing attitudes as intervals on a single dimension can incorporate both favourability and implication. An interval can be parameterised using its two endpoints or alternatively by its midpoint and latitude. Using this latter representation, the midpoint can be understood as the �favourability� of the attitude, while the latitude can be understood as its �generality�. It is argued that the generality of an attitude statement is akin to its latitude of acceptance, since a greater semantic range increases the likelihood of agreement. When Coombs� Theory of Unidimensional Unfolding is reformulated using the interval representation, the key question is how to measure the distance between two intervals on the dimension. There are innumerable ways to answer this question, but the present study restricts attention to eighteen possible �distance� measures. These measures are based on nine basic distances between intervals on a dimension, as well as two families of models, the Minkowski r-metric and the Generalised Hyperbolic Cosine Model (GHCM). Not all of these measures are distances in the strict sense as some of them fail to satisfy all the metric axioms. To distinguish between these eighteen �distance� measures two empirical tests, the triangle inequality test, and the aligned stimuli test, were developed and tested using two sets of attitude statements. The subject matter of the sets of statements differed but the underlying structure was the same. It is argued that this structure can be known a priori using the logical relationships between the statement�s predicates, and empirical tests confirm the underlying structure and the unidimensionality of the statements used in this study. Consequently, predictions of preference could be ascertained from each model and either confirmed or falsified by subjects� judgements. The results indicated that the triangle inequality failed in both stimulus sets. This suggests that the judgement space is not metric, contradicting a common assumption of attitude measurement. This result also falsified eleven of the eighteen �distance� measures because they predicted the satisfaction of the triangle inequality. The aligned stimuli test used stimuli that were aligned at the endpoint nearest to the ideal interval. The results indicated that subjects preferred the narrower of the two stimuli, contrary to the predictions of six of the measures. Since these six measures all passed the triangle inequality test, only one measure, the GHCM (item), satisfied both tests. However, the GHCM (item) only passes the aligned stimuli tests with additional constraints on its operational function. If it incorporates a strictly log-convex function, such as cosh, the GHCM (item) makes predictions that are satisfied in both tests. This is also evidence that the latitude of acceptance is an item rather than a subject or combined parameter.
7
Mahoney, Mark Patrick. "Student Attitude Toward STEM: Development of an Instrument for High School STEM-Based Programs." The Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1250264697.
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Kelley, Caitlyn. "“Social Studies is Boring”: The Role of Student Attitude and Achievement in the Middle School Social Studies Classroom." Ohio Dominican University Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=oduhonors1620144135878313.
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Willett, Roger. "Accounting measurement theory." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1985. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=165709.
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Hands, Beth P. "Measurement of teacher attitude to direct instruction." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 1993. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1140.
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This study investigates teacher attitude towards a teaching innovation, Direct Instruction. In particular, it is concerned with what aspects of this teaching strategy affect a teacher's decision to implement the method and the relationship between experience with Direct Instruction and teacher attitude. A repeated measures, pretest-posttest design was employed to assess participants' attitude before and after viewing a video demonstrating the teaching method, Direct Instruction. The 40 item Attitude towards Direct Instruction (AD I) scale comprised 30 items derived from a questionnaire designed by Proctor (1989) in addition to ten new items created especially for the study. The scoring function comprised the familiar Likert rating format using five response categories; Strongly Agree, Agree, Not Sure (NS), Disagree, and Strongly Disagree. Data was collected from two sample groups. The first group, or 'change' sample, comprised 144 primary trained teachers and was used to assess the degree of attitude change between the pretest and posttest occasion. The second group, referred to as the 'control sample', comprised 275 third year education students at Edith Cowan University and was included in the study to assess the influence of the NS response category on the precision of the measuring instrument as well as forming part of the calibration sample. Item analyses were conducted on the ADI scale using the extended model of Rasch, an important measurement model for assessing the psychometric properties of items with ordered categories. Due to the nature of the change sample, which included teachers with no experience with Direct Instruction, it was necessary to include the NS category despite the knowledge that it can cause problems of a measurement nature. By assessing threshold order across all items it was shown that the NS category could be employed during the initial data collection but that any responses obtained had to be suppressed and changed to missing data in the data file if the subsequent analyses were to be effective. A final instrument comprising 19 items demonstrated sound psychometric properties with high reliability and person separation capabilities; Graphical procedures, which took account of the special features of the measurement model, were used to investigate item bias (as part of the calibration of the instrument) as well as attitude change. In both cases, the plots provided an effective and simple interpretation of information as inconsistencies amongst both items and people were readily identified. The relationship between attitude change, as a result of the demonstration of Direct Instruction, and prior teacher experience with the method was also obtained from an examination of plot shifts across the calibration range. Generally, teachers were more likely to have a negative attitude towards Direct Instruction if they had never taught the method. They perceived Direct Instruction to be too teacher oriented and highly structured. On the other hand, teachers were more likely to have a positive attitude towards Direct Instruction if they had had the opportunity to use it. They saw Direct Instruction as effective, easy to use, and versatile.
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Persson, Gabriel, Henrik Haegermark, and Markus Kvarnvik. "Aroma Theory: Scenting the Attitude." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Ekonomihögskolan, ELNU, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-10547.
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The thesis examines the relationship between consumer attitudes and a scented shopping environment. A relationship and phenomena concerning scent marketing, which could be seen as one of the more provocative forms of marketing since the human sense of smell, is connected to the limbic system where motivation and attitudes are created. The use of scent marketing has, so far, been proven effective in sales increasing whereas it is one of the less explored forms of marketing. The purpose of the thesis is to answer the following question: Is it possible to find differences in consumer attitudes in a scented buying environment compared to a nonscented buying environment, and thereby create new basis for segmentation? The thesis is based on a quantitative study where data has been gathered in a scent manipulated buying environment through structured interviews with consumers. The thesis applies a deductive approach to the main theories in the area of interest. The findings suggest new theory discussing that it is difficult to use consumer attitudes, towards a scented store environment, as a foundation for market segmentation. Further the results of the executed scent experiment comply with the existing theories about the affect of scent marketing as a sales increasing marketing tool.
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Kasprowicz, Tomasz. "Threshold Theory--modelling risk attitude /." Available to subscribers only, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1650506301&sid=11&Fmt=2&clientId=1509&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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WIRKIERMAN, ARIEL LUIS. "PRODUCTIVITY ANALYSIS FROM A CLASSICAL PERSPECTIVE: THEORY OF MEASUREMENT AND MEASUREMENT OF THEORY." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/1269.
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La presente tesi studia la nozione di produttività dal punto di vista Classico. In primo luogo, si connette la distinzione tra produttività (productivity) e profittabilità (productiveness) a quella tra il lato della spesa e quello del valore aggiunto dell'economia, vista come un flusso circolare. In secondo luogo, si collegano vari schemi teorici alle strutture empiriche del sistema di contabilità nazionale. Si calcolano quindi sia degli indicatori dei cambiamenti della produttività fisica, utilizzando come unità dell'analisi i subsistemi in crescita, che delle misure del grado di capacità delle singole industrie di generare sovrappiú. Si ottengono ed utilizzano regole di aggregazione e procedure di riduzione al fine di tenere correttamente conto dell'eterogeneità dei mezzi di produzione prodotti. In tutta la tesi, i risultati analitici ottenuti sono corredati da applicazioni empiriche. In larga misura, tale lavoro empirico concerne l'economia italiana (1999-2007); tuttavia, alcuni risultati riguardano un insieme di paesi industrializzati (Germania, Francia, Italia, Giappone, GB e USA) nel decennio 1995-2005.This is a study on the notion of productivity, viewed from a Classical perspective. First, the distinction between physical productivity and productiveness (i.e. profitability) is connected to the distinction between the expenditure side and value added side of the economy, seen as a circular flow. Second, a mapping of some theoretical frameworks into empirical structures of the System of National Accounts is advanced. Then, indicators of physical productivity changes with the (growing) subsystem as a unit of analysis are obtained, together with measures reflecting the degree of surplus generating capacity at the level of individual industries. Aggregation rules and reduction procedures are devised and applied to deal with the heterogeneous nature of produced means of production. All throughout the study, empirical applications of the analytical results are provided. For the most part, empirical work is referred to the case of Italy (1999-2007), though some results concern a set of advanced industrial economies (Germany, France, Italy, Japan, UK and the US) during the 1995-2005 decade.
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WIRKIERMAN, ARIEL LUIS. "PRODUCTIVITY ANALYSIS FROM A CLASSICAL PERSPECTIVE: THEORY OF MEASUREMENT AND MEASUREMENT OF THEORY." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/1269.
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La presente tesi studia la nozione di produttività dal punto di vista Classico. In primo luogo, si connette la distinzione tra produttività (productivity) e profittabilità (productiveness) a quella tra il lato della spesa e quello del valore aggiunto dell'economia, vista come un flusso circolare. In secondo luogo, si collegano vari schemi teorici alle strutture empiriche del sistema di contabilità nazionale. Si calcolano quindi sia degli indicatori dei cambiamenti della produttività fisica, utilizzando come unità dell'analisi i subsistemi in crescita, che delle misure del grado di capacità delle singole industrie di generare sovrappiú. Si ottengono ed utilizzano regole di aggregazione e procedure di riduzione al fine di tenere correttamente conto dell'eterogeneità dei mezzi di produzione prodotti. In tutta la tesi, i risultati analitici ottenuti sono corredati da applicazioni empiriche. In larga misura, tale lavoro empirico concerne l'economia italiana (1999-2007); tuttavia, alcuni risultati riguardano un insieme di paesi industrializzati (Germania, Francia, Italia, Giappone, GB e USA) nel decennio 1995-2005.This is a study on the notion of productivity, viewed from a Classical perspective. First, the distinction between physical productivity and productiveness (i.e. profitability) is connected to the distinction between the expenditure side and value added side of the economy, seen as a circular flow. Second, a mapping of some theoretical frameworks into empirical structures of the System of National Accounts is advanced. Then, indicators of physical productivity changes with the (growing) subsystem as a unit of analysis are obtained, together with measures reflecting the degree of surplus generating capacity at the level of individual industries. Aggregation rules and reduction procedures are devised and applied to deal with the heterogeneous nature of produced means of production. All throughout the study, empirical applications of the analytical results are provided. For the most part, empirical work is referred to the case of Italy (1999-2007), though some results concern a set of advanced industrial economies (Germany, France, Italy, Japan, UK and the US) during the 1995-2005 decade.
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Richards, M. "Theory and attitude in Nietzsche's political thought." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.382775.
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Skilling, Tracey A. "Lifelong persistent antisociality, measurement and theory." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ52863.pdf.
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Wu, Tao. "Profiled absorbers : theory, measurement and design." Thesis, University of Salford, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.400825.
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Newland, John Robert. "The theory and measurement of reciprocity." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.324989.
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Shavitt, Sharon. "Functional imperative theory of attitude formation and expression /." The Ohio State University, 1985. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487264603216231.
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Long, Matthew Robert. "Spacecraft Attitude Tracking Control." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/33843.
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The problem of reorienting a spacecraft to acquire a moving target is investigated. The spacecraft is modeled as a rigid body with N axisymmetric wheels controlled by axial torques, and the kinematics are represented by Modified Rodriques Parameters. The trajectory, denoted the reference trajectory, is one generated by a virtual spacecraft that is identical to the actual spacecraft. The open-loop reference attitude, angular velocity, and angular acceleration tracking commands are constructed so that the solar panel vector is perpendicular to the sun vector during the tracking maneuver. We develop a nonlinear feedback tracking control law, derived from Lyapunov stability and control theory, to provide the control torques for target tracking. The controller makes the body frame asymptotically track the reference motion when there are initial errors in the attitude and angular velocity. A spacecraft model, based on the X-ray Timing Explorer spacecraft, is used to demonstrate the effectiveness of the Lyapunov controller in tracking a given target.Master of Science
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Jongmans, Eline. "La rationalité limitée des consommateurs lors de l'évaluation d'un produit comportant un attribut environnemental : une étude empirique des biais provoqués par le nombre d'attributs et le mode d'évaluation." Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENG013/document.
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Les attributs environnementaux, de plus en plus présents sur les produits de consommation, sont des attributs de croyance, renvoyant à un bien non marchand (i.e. la protection de l'environnement) et à des valeurs morales, ce qui les rend difficiles à évaluer par les consommateurs. Ce travail doctoral s'intéresse précisément à la manière dont les consommateurs utilisent un attribut environnemental (certifié ou non certifié) dans leur évaluation de produit. Cette problématique de recherche est abordée selon trois questions de recherche. La première s'intéresse à l'effet du nombre d'attributs (1 vs. 2) sur le poids associé à l'attribut environnemental. Cette question renvoie à l'étude d'un biais appelé effet d'inclusion qui est caractérisé par une insensibilité au nombre d'attributs. La deuxième question étudie le biais lié au mode d'évaluation sur le poids associé à un attribut environnemental. Les effets de deux critères du mode d'évaluation sont étudiés : le mode de réponse (monétaire vs. non monétaire) et le mode de présentation (jointe vs. séparée). La troisième prolonge l'étude du mode d'évaluation et de son effet sur le poids de l'attribut environnemental en étudiant la validité prédictive du mode d'évaluation pour estimer les préférences des consommateurs. Ces biais liés au contexte d'évaluation sont étudiés, montrés et discutés au moyen de cinq expérimentations et pour différents attributs environnementaux et stimuli. La validité prédictive du mode d'évaluation met en évidence l'intérêt d'utiliser le mode « consentement à payer ». D'un point de vue théorique, cette recherche montre l'intérêt de prendre en compte l'effet d'inclusion et le biais lié au mode d'évaluation pour des personnes intéressées par l'évaluation d'attributs environnementaux et montre également la limite potentielle à l'ajout d'un attribut environnemental sur un produit de consommation. D'un point de vue méthodologique, ce travail doctoral propose une approche permettant de comparer les poids obtenus entre les modes d'évaluation. Cette recherche suggère aux chefs de produits de prendre en compte ces caractéristiques contextuelles pour améliorer la précision de l'estimation des préférences des consommateurs pour un produit comportant un attribut environnemental. Ainsi, la valeur associée à un attribut environnemental varie lorsque cet attribut est seul sur le produit ou en présence d'un autre attribut. De même, le mode d'évaluation « consentement à payer » semble mieux prédire les préférences réelles pour un attribut environnemental que le mode d'évaluation « choix entre deux options »Environmental attributes are increasingly being included in consumption products. Because environmental attributes are credence attributes, they refer to a public good (i.e. environmental protection), and they reference moral values, they are difficult for consumers to assess. This doctoral research specifically focuses on how consumers use an environmental attribute (certified or uncertified) in product evaluation. This core question is addressed through three research questions. The first deals with the effect of attribute number (1 vs. 2) on the weight given to environmental attributes. This study focuses on a counterintuitive effect named the embedding effect, characterized by insensitivity to the number of environmental attributes present. The second question concerns the effect of the method of value measurement on the weight given to an environmental attribute. The effects of two criteria are studied: response mode (pricing vs. non pricing) and evaluation mode (joint vs. separate). The third and last question extends the study of evaluation measure and its effect on the weight of an environmental attribute by testing the predictive validity of the evaluation measure on consumer preferences. These research questions are investigated with five experiments that employ various environmental attributes and stimuli. From a theoretical perspective, this research shows the importance of considering the embedding effect and evaluation measurement bias for people interested in environmental attributes evaluation. It also underlines the potential limit of adding an environmental attribute to a consumption product. In terms of utility measurement, the thesis shows, counterintuitively, that willingness to pay is a better measure of environmental values than is choice. From a methodological standpoint, this doctoral thesis proposes an approach to enable attribute weight comparisons across measures. This research suggests to product managers that they need to be aware of these contextual factors when assessing and predicting consumer preferences for a product with an environmental attribute. If the environmental attribute in the finished product will be alone versus in conjunction with another environmental attribute, for example, affects attribute utility. Likewise, willingness to pay appears to be a better predictor of actual preference for environmental attribute than is choice
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Croft-White, Michael. "Measurement and analysis of rally car dynamics at high attitude angles." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1826/1480.
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This research aims to investigate the nature of high β-angle cornering as
seen in rallying and in particular the World Rally Championship. This is
achieved through a combination of sensor development, on-car measurement
and vehicle dynamic simulation.
Through the development of novel β-angle measurement technology it has
become possible to measure and study vehicle attitude dynamics on loose
gravel surfaces. Using this sensor, an understanding of how a rally driver
uses the dynamics of the vehicle and surface to maximise performance has
been obtained.
By combining the new data stream with accepted vehicle dynamic theory,
the tyres have been considered and general trends in gravel tyre performance
unveiled. Through feedback, these trends have been implemented as a means
of tuning a dynamic model to improve realism and permit an analysis of
cornering trends in rally cars.
Active control systems have been considered that could implement more
sophisticated algorithms based on this understanding and potentially use the
new sensor information as an input signal. A case study which explores such
a possibility is included.
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Stephenson, William R. "A measurement of |η⁰⁰|." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/13010.
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Henderson, Ian A. "Studies related to measurement and modelling." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.248871.
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Warland, Jon Steven. "Applications and theory of micrometeorological flux measurement." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape9/PQDD_0001/NQ43278.pdf.
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Keates, James Robert. "Gaps between jets Theory, phenomenology and measurement." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.506271.
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Galley, Thomas. "Modifying the measurement postulates of quantum theory." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2018. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10059145/.
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Quantum theory can be formulated using a small number of mathematical postulates. These postulates describe how quantum systems interact and evolve as well as describing measurements and probabilities of measurement outcomes. The measurement postulates are logically independent from the other postulates, which are dynamical and compositional in nature. In this thesis we study all theories which have the same dynamical and compositional postulates as quantum theory but different measurement postulates. In the first part we introduce the necessary tools for this task: the operational approach to physical theories (general probabilistic theories) and the representation theory of the unitary group. Following this we introduce a framework which is used to describe theories with modified measurement postulates and we classify all possible alternative measurement postulates using representation theory. We then study informational properties of single systems described by these theories and compare them to quantum systems. Finally we study properties of bi-partite systems in these theories. We show that all bi-partite systems in these theories violate two properties which are met by quantum systems: purification and local tomography.
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Kyriacou, Marios Nicou. "Financial risk measurement and extreme value theory." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.621397.
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Dando, Aaron John. "Robust adaptive control of rigid spacecraft attitude maneuvers." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2008. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/16695/1/Aaron_John_Dando_Thesis.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
In this thesis novel feedback attitude control algorithms and attitude estimation algorithms are developed for a three-axis stabilised spacecraft attitude control system. The spacecraft models considered include a rigid-body spacecraft equipped with (i) external control torque devices, and (ii) a redundant reaction wheel configuration. The attitude sensor suite comprises a three-axis magnetometer and three-axis rate gyroscope assembly. The quaternion parameters (also called Euler symmetric parameters), which globally avoid singularities but are subject to a unity-norm constraint, are selected as the primary attitude coordinates. There are four novel contributions presented in this thesis. The first novel contribution is the development of a robust control strategy for spacecraft attitude tracking maneuvers, in the presence of dynamic model uncertainty in the spacecraft inertia matrix, actuator magnitude constraints, bounded persistent external disturbances, and state estimation error. The novel component of this algorithm is the incorporation of state estimation error into the stability analysis. The proposed control law contains a parameter which is dynamically adjusted to ensure global asymptotic stability of the overall closedloop system, in the presence of these specific system non-idealities. A stability proof is presented which is based on Lyapunov's direct method, in conjunction with Barbalat's lemma. The control design approach also ensures minimum angular path maneuvers, since the attitude quaternion parameters are not unique. The second novel contribution is the development of a robust direct adaptive control strategy for spacecraft attitude tracking maneuvers, in the presence of dynamic model uncertainty in the spacecraft inertia matrix. The novel aspect of this algorithm is the incorporation of a composite parameter update strategy, which ensures global exponential convergence of the closed-loop system. A stability proof is presented which is based on Lyapunov's direct method, in conjunction with Barbalat's lemma. The exponential convergence results provided by this control strategy require persistently exciting reference trajectory commands. The control design approach also ensures minimum angular path maneuvers. The third novel contribution is the development of an optimal control strategy for spacecraft attitude maneuvers, based on a rigid body spacecraft model including a redundant reaction wheel assembly. The novel component of this strategy is the proposal of a performance index which represents the total electrical energy consumed by the reaction wheel over the maneuver interval. Pontraygin's minimum principle is applied to formulate the necessary conditions for optimality, in which the control torques are subject to timevarying magnitude constraints. The presence of singular sub-arcs in the statespace and their associated singular controls are investigated using Kelley's necessary condition. The two-point boundary-value problem (TPBVP) is formulated using Pontrayagin's minimum principle. The fourth novel contribution is an attitude estimation algorithm which estimates the spacecraft attitude parameters and sensor bias parameters from three-axis magnetometer and three-axis rate gyroscope measurement data. The novel aspect of this algorithm is the assumption that the state filtering probability density function (PDF) is Gaussian distributed. This Gaussian PDF assumption is also applied to the magnetometer measurement model. Propagation of the filtering PDF between sensor measurements is performed using the Fokker-Planck equation, and Bayes theorem incorporates measurement update information. The use of direction cosine matrix elements as the attitude coordinates avoids any singularity issues associated with the measurement update and estimation error covariance representation.
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Dando, Aaron John. "Robust adaptive control of rigid spacecraft attitude maneuvers." Queensland University of Technology, 2008. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/16695/.
Full textAbstract:
In this thesis novel feedback attitude control algorithms and attitude estimation algorithms are developed for a three-axis stabilised spacecraft attitude control system. The spacecraft models considered include a rigid-body spacecraft equipped with (i) external control torque devices, and (ii) a redundant reaction wheel configuration. The attitude sensor suite comprises a three-axis magnetometer and three-axis rate gyroscope assembly. The quaternion parameters (also called Euler symmetric parameters), which globally avoid singularities but are subject to a unity-norm constraint, are selected as the primary attitude coordinates. There are four novel contributions presented in this thesis. The first novel contribution is the development of a robust control strategy for spacecraft attitude tracking maneuvers, in the presence of dynamic model uncertainty in the spacecraft inertia matrix, actuator magnitude constraints, bounded persistent external disturbances, and state estimation error. The novel component of this algorithm is the incorporation of state estimation error into the stability analysis. The proposed control law contains a parameter which is dynamically adjusted to ensure global asymptotic stability of the overall closedloop system, in the presence of these specific system non-idealities. A stability proof is presented which is based on Lyapunov's direct method, in conjunction with Barbalat's lemma. The control design approach also ensures minimum angular path maneuvers, since the attitude quaternion parameters are not unique. The second novel contribution is the development of a robust direct adaptive control strategy for spacecraft attitude tracking maneuvers, in the presence of dynamic model uncertainty in the spacecraft inertia matrix. The novel aspect of this algorithm is the incorporation of a composite parameter update strategy, which ensures global exponential convergence of the closed-loop system. A stability proof is presented which is based on Lyapunov's direct method, in conjunction with Barbalat's lemma. The exponential convergence results provided by this control strategy require persistently exciting reference trajectory commands. The control design approach also ensures minimum angular path maneuvers. The third novel contribution is the development of an optimal control strategy for spacecraft attitude maneuvers, based on a rigid body spacecraft model including a redundant reaction wheel assembly. The novel component of this strategy is the proposal of a performance index which represents the total electrical energy consumed by the reaction wheel over the maneuver interval. Pontraygin's minimum principle is applied to formulate the necessary conditions for optimality, in which the control torques are subject to timevarying magnitude constraints. The presence of singular sub-arcs in the statespace and their associated singular controls are investigated using Kelley's necessary condition. The two-point boundary-value problem (TPBVP) is formulated using Pontrayagin's minimum principle. The fourth novel contribution is an attitude estimation algorithm which estimates the spacecraft attitude parameters and sensor bias parameters from three-axis magnetometer and three-axis rate gyroscope measurement data. The novel aspect of this algorithm is the assumption that the state filtering probability density function (PDF) is Gaussian distributed. This Gaussian PDF assumption is also applied to the magnetometer measurement model. Propagation of the filtering PDF between sensor measurements is performed using the Fokker-Planck equation, and Bayes theorem incorporates measurement update information. The use of direction cosine matrix elements as the attitude coordinates avoids any singularity issues associated with the measurement update and estimation error covariance representation.
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Tsujii, Toshiaki. "Precise Determination of Aircraft Position and Attitude Using GPS Carrier Phase Measurement." Kyoto University, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/157046.
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本文データは平成22年度国立国会図書館の学位論文(博士)のデジタル化実施により作成された画像ファイルを基にpdf変換したものであるKyoto University (京都大学)
0048
新制・論文博士
博士(工学)
乙第9890号
論工博第3354号
新制||工||1120(附属図書館)
UT51-98-N124
(主査)教授 藪下 信, 教授 片山 徹, 教授 足立 紀彦
学位規則第4条第2項該当
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Poggi, Ambra. "Social Exclusion in Spain: Measurement Theory and Application." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/4002.
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A pesar de la importancia de la exclusión social, no existe consenso sobre como se debe definir este fenómeno, ni de cómo debe medirse. El objetivo de esta tesis es afrontar estos problemas, definiendo una medida adecuada de exclusión social, para analizar posteriormente su dinámica. He desarrollado un enfoque de medición, de acuerdo con la definición operativa de exclusión social (considerando también estudios anteriores), para establecer si la exclusión social es un fenómeno parcialmente transitorio, así como para analizar las eventuales trayectorias de dependencia que la exclusión puede generar. Mi análisis es un nuevo enfoque para estudiar la exclusión social, y ofrece nueva evidencia empírica sobre la dinámica de la exclusión social en España desde el 1994 hasta el 2000 (usando los datos del panel europeo).He definido exclusión social como el proceso multi-dimensional que lleva a un estado individual de exclusión respecto al resto de la sociedad donde el individuo vive. La exclusión social en un instante del tiempo se define como la imposibilidad de conseguir algunos importantes "functionings". La elección de una medida adecuada de exclusión social no es nada fácil. Propongo usar un caso especial de la generalization multidimensional del índice de Foster-Green-Thorbecke. La motivación principal es que este índice tiene buenas propiedades axiomáticas (Bourguignon and Chakravarty, 2003) y es capaz de operazionalizar el enfoque de la capacidad de Sen. Remarcar que este índice es también adecuado para capturar la multidimensionalidad de la exclusión social y da una idea sobre la intensidad de la exclusión.
He estudiado en profundidad la movilidad de la exclusión social siguiendo un enfoque relativo y utilizando las matrices de transición (análisis "two-stages"). Los principales motivos para usar las matrices de transición son los siguientes: primero, el análisis "two-stages" nos da una imagen sencilla de los movimientos de los individuos entre las clases especificas de exclusión social y, segundo, este análisis es robusto frente a la contaminación de los datos. Este tipo de análisis muestra que la exclusión social fue parcialmente un fenómeno transitorio.
Me he centrado también en las causas del proceso de exclusión social, y encontré que un individuo que experimenta exclusión hoy, tiene mayor probabilidad de experimentar exclusión mañana, debido a la heterogeneidad observable y no-observable entre individuos, así como a la existencia de un verdadero estado de dependencia. El análisis ha consistido en estimar un modelo no-lineal de datos de panel. He utilizado un enfoque "random effects", y he elegido la solución propuesta en Wooldridge (2002) para solucionar el problema de las condiciones iniciales. Este enfoque muestra la importancia de la existencia de un verdadero estado de dependencia, así como de heterogeneidad entre individuos tanto observable como no-observable.
Despite its importance, there is remarkably little consensus among scientists on the definition of "social exclusion" and, therefore, on the best way to measure it. My aim in this thesis has been to address key problems regarding how to identify an adequate measure of social exclusion and how to analyse social exclusion dynamics. I then proceeded to develop an approach to measurement which was in accord with the working definition of social exclusion (considering also the previous literature), and I used it to establish if social exclusion was partially transitory, and to study eventual dependence paths that exclusion might generate. Note that my analysis proposes new approaches to study social exclusion and offers fresh empirical evidence on social exclusion dynamics in Spain from 1994 to 2000 (using ECHP data).
I define social exclusion as a multidimensional dynamic process leading to a state of individual exclusion relative to the rest of the society where the individual lives in. Social exclusion at a point in time is defined as the impossibility to achieve some relevant functionings. The choice of an index able to adequately measure exclusion is not easy. I have proposed to use a special case of the multidimensional generalization of the Foster-Green-Thorbecke index. The main reason has been that this index fulfils a set of axiomatic properties (Bourguignon and Chakravarty, 2003) and it is able to operazionalize Sen's capability approach. Note that this index is also adequate to capture the multidimensionality of social exclusion and gives us information about the intensity of exclusion.
I have performed a detailed analysis of social exclusion mobility following the relative approach and using transition matrices (two-stage analysis). The main advantages of using transition matrices are the following: first, two-stage analysis provides a simple picture of the "movement" of the individuals among the specific social exclusion classes and, second, it is shown to be robust to data contamination. This kind of analysis have shown that social exclusion was partially a transitory phenomenon.
I have also focused on the causes leading to social exclusion process. I did find that an individual experiencing exclusion today was more likely to experience exclusion tomorrow due to both observed and unobserved individual heterogeneity and true state of dependence. The analysis has been done estimating a dynamic non-linear panel data model. I have used the random effects approach, and I have applied the solution proposed by Wooldridge (2002) to solve the initial condition problems. This approach have shown evidence of the importance of both true state dependence and observed/unobserved heterogeneity.
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Kayandé, Ujwal Anilchandra. "Theory of generalizability and optimization of marketing measurement." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ29053.pdf.
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Xue, Jianhong. "Three essays on entrepreneurship theory, measurement, and environment /." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/4715.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007.The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on October 15, 2007) Vita. Includes bibliographical references.
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Del, Seta Marco. "Quantum measurement as theory : its structure and problems." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 1998. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/2485/.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis deals with the set of issues commonly known as the 'measurement problem' in quantum mechanics. The main thesis is that the problems are best understood as typically theoretical problems, in the sense that they are not problems directly concerned with the ability of the quantum theory to account for, or represent, actual measurements. This is contrary to the standard view that the quantum measurement problem is in fact about how to fit theory to experiment. I explain how I characterise a theoretical problem and argue against claims that quantum measurement theory is unrealistic or ineffective because it bears so little relation to actual measurement practice: I argue that the quantum theory's analysis of measurement need not be committed to doing for the experimenter what Henry Margenau and other critics think it should do. Its principal aim is to answer two questions. First, it tells us what properties are to be associated to quantum states; secondly, it tells us what, in the theory, a measurement must be if these properties are to emerge. I then discuss some of the specific aspects of the problem of measurement, in particular the results known as insolubility proofs of the quantum measurement problem and the characterisation of the quantum measurement interactions satisfying standard probabilistic constraints. I prove several results here, amongst them characterisations of all interactions jointly satisfying the conditions of unitarity and, first, objectification, then secondly, probability reproducibility conditions. These are the standard conditions which capture our intuitions about quantum measurement. I show how the results lead to negative consequences with respect to the interpretive questions in quantum mechanics. The discussion of these specific aspects of quantum measurements does, on the other hand, suggest a particular strategy for solving the problems. This is found in Arthur Fine's solution to the measurement problem, which is based on the idea of a selective interaction. The discussion of Fine's solution emphasises in general how simply implementing technical strategies is not sufficient to solve the measurement problem in quantum mechanics: further arguments must be given for why the strategy is appropriate, rather than just mathematically satisfactory. I claim that the arguments given by Fine are far from sufficient. The thesis concludes that, although the quantum theory of measurement is immune from Margenau's critique, and retains a theoretical autonomy, it is still plagued by numerous problems: the thesis identifies clearly what some of these problems are and considers some solutions, most of which, however, raise serious philosophical questions about the interpretation of quantum mechanics.
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Horton, R. J. "Some foundational problems in the theory of measurement." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.378286.
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Karakostas, Vassilios Eleftherios. "Quantum theory of measurement and related philosophical problems." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1995. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/273032.
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Barnett, Elizabeth. "Physical Activity and Enjoyment: Measurement, Evaluation, and Theory." Thesis, Harvard University, 2016. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:27201740.
Full textAbstract:
Childhood engagement in physical activity improves health and contributes to the sustainment of physical activity in adulthood. My dissertation research broadens scholarship by disentangling the effects of sports- vs. non-sports-focused summer camps on children’s physical activity and identifying modifiable activity characteristics contributing to physical activity enjoyment, an important predictor of physical activity sustainment. My work also challenges current discourse by presenting the analytical argument for bringing enjoyment research to the forefront of public health.
In Chapter 1, I hypothesize that children attending a sports camp spend more time in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) compared to children attending general day camps. Multivariable linear regression models estimated differences in percent of accelerometer-monitored time spent in MVPA. Children in the sports camp spent significantly more time in MVPA compared to children in a non-sports-oriented camp. This is the first study of its kind to use real data to document physical activity differences between sports and non-sports camps.
In Chapter 2, I investigate whether children in a sports camp experience higher enjoyment when the activity 1) is competitive, 2) has an active line or no line, 3) involves active coaches, 4) poses challenge, or 5) requires skill. Enjoyment scores were higher for competitive vs. non-competitive activities and those with higher perceived challenge and skill. Integrating challenging, competitive, and skill-building activities into sports camps is relatively simple, yet may have broad effects on children’s physical activity behavior.
Chapter 3 presents rationales for bringing enjoyment to the forefront of public health dialogue and action to increase physical activity in children. I outline five challenges that have limited physical activity enjoyment research and offer strategies for addressing them. While other fields have linked physical activity enjoyment with physical activity maintenance, the public health field rarely measures or incorporates enjoyment in epidemiologic, intervention, or theory research.
Increasing physical activity in childhood should be prioritized in public health. The findings and lessons from these chapters not only contribute new scientific evidence, but also have the potential to inform policies and programs that improve children’s relationship with and experiences of physical activity during childhood and across the life course.
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Breidert, Christoph. "Estimation of willingness-to-pay theory, measurement, application /." Wiesbaden : Dt. Univ.-Verl, 2006. https://www.lib.umn.edu/slog.phtml?url=http://www.myilibrary.com?id=134357.
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Musvoto, Saratiel Wedzerai. "Applying the representational theory of measurement to accounting." Thesis, Pretoria : [s.n.], 2009. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-03282009-125051/.
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POGGI, AMBRA. "Social Exclusion in Spain: Measurement Theory and Application." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/14343.
Full textAbstract:
Despite its importance, there is remarkably little consensus among scientists on the definition of “social exclusion” and, therefore, on the best way to measure it. My aim in this thesis has been to address key problems regarding how to identify an adequate measure of social exclusion and how to analyse social exclusion dynamics. I then proceeded to develop an approach to measurement which was in accord with the working definition of social exclusion (considering also the previous literature), and I used it to establish if social exclusion was partially transitory, and to study eventual dependence paths that exclusion might generate. Note that my analysis proposes new approaches to study social exclusion and offers fresh empirical evidence on social exclusion dynamics in Spain from 1994 to 2000 (using ECHP data).
I define social exclusion as a multidimensional dynamic process leading to a state of individual exclusion relative to the rest of the society where the individual lives in. Social exclusion at a point in time is defined as the impossibility to achieve some relevant functionings. The choice of an index able to adequately measure exclusion is not easy. I have proposed to use a special case of the multidimensional generalization of the Foster-Green-Thorbecke index. The main reason has been that this index fulfils a set of axiomatic properties (Bourguignon and Chakravarty, 2003) and it is able to operazionalize Sen’s capability approach. Note that this index is also adequate to capture the multidimensionality of social exclusion and gives us information about the intensity of exclusion.
I have performed a detailed analysis of social exclusion mobility following the relative approach and using transition matrices (two-stage analysis). The main advantages of using transition matrices are the following: first, two-stage analysis provides a simple picture of the “movement” of the individuals among the specific social exclusion classes and, second, it is shown to be robust to data contamination. This kind of analysis have shown that social exclusion was partially a transitory phenomenon.
I have also focused on the causes leading to social exclusion process. I did find that an individual experiencing exclusion today was more likely to experience exclusion tomorrow due to both observed and unobserved individual heterogeneity and true state of dependence. The analysis has been done estimating a dynamic non-linear panel data model. I have used the random effects approach, and I have applied the solution proposed by Wooldridge (2002) to solve the initial condition problems. This approach have shown evidence of the importance of both true state dependence and observed/unobserved heterogeneity.
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Ward, Christina C. "Attitude control of flexible structures." Thesis, Monterey, California : Naval Postgraduate School, 1990. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA240520.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (M.S. in Astronautical Engineering)--Naval Postgraduate School, September 1990.Thesis Advisor(s): Agrawal, Brij N. Second Reader: Titus, Harold. "September 1990." Description based on title screen as viewed on December 17, 2009. DTIC Identifier(s): Attitude Control Systems, Flexible Structures, Spacecraft, Structural Response, Resonant Frequency, Experimental Design, Model Tests, Active Control, Gifts Computer Program, Dynamic Response, Computerized Simulation, Control Theory, Modal Analysis, Laboratory Tests, Theses. Author(s) subject terms: Attitude Control, Flexible Structures. Includes bibliographical references (p. 52). Also available in print.
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Sloat, Ronald D. "High-Resolution, Non-Contact Angular Measurement System for PSA/RSA." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2011. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/485.
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A non-contact angular measurement system for Pitch Static Attitude (PSA) and Roll Static Attitude (RSA) of hard disk drive sliders is designed and built. Real-time sampling at over 15 KHz is achieved with accuracy of +/- 0.05 degrees over a range of approximately 2-3 degrees. Measuring the PSA and RSA is critical for hard drive manufacturers to control and improve the quality and reliability of hard drives. Although the hard drive industry is able to measure the PSA and RSA at the subassembly level at this time, there is no system available that is able to measure PSA/RSA at the final assembly level. This project has successfully demonstrated a methodology that the PSA/RSA can be reliably measured in-situ using a laser and position sensitive detector (PSD) technology. A prototype of the measurement system has been built using simple and inexpensive equipment. This device will allow a continuous measurement between the parked position on the ramp and the loading position just off of the disk surface. The measured data can be used to verify manufacturing processes and reliability data.
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Johns, Robert. "The validity of Likert attitude measurement : using cognitive psychology to design question formats." Thesis, University of Essex, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.413734.
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Küntzler, Theresa [Verfasser]. "Emotions : Facial Expressions as a Measurement & Effects on Political Attitude / Theresa Küntzler." Konstanz : KOPS Universität Konstanz, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1237618916/34.
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Mooney, Jennifer A. "Organization and Role: Conception and Measurement." W&M ScholarWorks, 1989. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539625556.
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MacCallum, Iain. "Measurement and modelling of phytoplankton light scattering." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.248311.
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Mella, Kristian. "Theory, Simulation and Measurement of Wireless Multipath Fading Channels." Thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Electronics and Telecommunications, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-8713.
Full textAbstract:
Multipath fading is a very common phenomenon in signal transmission over wireless channels. When a signal is transmitted over multipath channels, it is subject to reflection, diffraction and refraction. This results in multiple versions of the same signal to arrive at the receiver, each of which has suffered from various path loss, time-delay, phase shift and often also frequency shift. The latter is a result of Doppler shifts, which is experienced whenever a relative movement between the receiver and transmitter or scatterers is present. The communication environment changes quickly over location or time, thus introducing uncertainties to the channel response. Such channels result in increased system complexity, and the propagation effects need to be identified in order to predict the channel behaviour. Path loss is experienced in all types of radio channels, and its metrics are often determined by empirical path loss models. The path loss effects the mean received signal level, whereas large-scale fading (Shadowing) results in large-scale fluctuations of this received level. These variations are superimposed by the small-scale fluctuations, or small-scale fading, caused by multipath reception and Doppler shifts. Small-scale fading is simulated to gain a better understanding of these effects. In order to observe these effects satisfactory, the whole digital radio communication system chain must be simulated. Simulations are also performed for estimating the data capacity over both mobile and fixed multipath channels, and the resulting capacity of multipath reception exceeds the capacity of a flat channel due to increased received energy. In order to classify the effect of multipath channels on signal transmission, the profile of the channel for a given scenario has to be known, i.e. channel metrics such as the RMS delay spread is essential for a successful radio system design. A multipath channel profile and its RMS delay spread can be derived from a vast number of channel measurements performed for a given scenario. Measurements on the multipath channel impulse response have been performed, RMS delay spread has been calculated, and the procedure of the channel measurement process itself is simulated in Matlab.
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Mendoza, Maria Nimfa F. "Essays in production theory : efficiency measurement and comparative statics." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/30734.
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Nonparametric linear programming tests for consistency with the hypotheses of technical efficiency and allocative efficiency for the general case of multiple output-multiple input technologies are developed in Part I. The tests are formulated relative to three kinds of technologies — convex, constant returns to scale and quasiconcave technologies. Violation indices as summary indicators of the distance of an inefficient observation from an efficient allocation are proposed. The consistent development of the violation indices across the technical efficiency and allocative efficiency tests allows us to obtain comparative measures of the degrees of technical inefficiency and pure allocative inefficiency. Constrained optimization tests applicable to cases where the producer is restricted to optimizing with respect to a subset of goods are also proposed. The latter tests yield the revealed preference-type inequalities commonly used as tests for consistency of observed data with profit maximizing or cost minimizing behavior as limiting cases. Computer programs for implementing the different tests and sample results are listed in the appendix.
In part II, an empirical comparison of nonparametric and parametric measures of technical progress for constant returns to scale technologies is performed using the Canadian input-output data for the period 1961-1980. The original data base was aggregated into four sectors and ten goods and the comparison was done for each sector. If we assume optimizing behavior on the part of the producers, we can reinterpret the violation indices yielded by the efficiency tests in part I as indicators of the shift in the production frontier. More precisely, the violation indices can be considered nonparametric chained indices of technical progress. The parametric measures of technical progress were obtained through econometric profit function estimation using the generalized McFadden flexible functional form with a quadratic spline model for technical progress proposed by Diewert and Wales (1989). Under the assumption of constant returns, the index of technical change is defined in terms of the unit scale profit function which gives the per unit return to the normalizing good. The empirical results show that the parametric estimates of technical change display a much smoother behavior which can be attributed to the incorporation of stochastic disturbance terms in the estimation procedure and, more interestingly, track the long term trend in the nonparametric estimates.
Part III builds on the theory of minimum wages in international trade and is a theoretical
essay in the tradition of analyzing the effects of factor market imperfections on resource allocation. The comparative static responses of the endogenous variables — output levels, employment levels of fixed-price factors with elastic supply and flexible prices of domestic resources — to marginal changes in the economy's exogenous variables — output prices, fixed factor prices and endowments of flexibly-priced domestic resources -— are examined. The effect of a change in a fixed factor price on other flexible factor prices can be decomposed Slutsky-like into substitution and scale effects. A symmetry condition between fixed factor prices and flexible factor prices is obtained which clarifies the concepts of "substitutability" and "complementarity" between these two kinds of factors. As an illustration, the model is applied to the case of a devaluation in a two-sector small open economy with rigid wages and capital as specific factors. The empirical implementation of the general model for the Canadian economy is left to more able econometricians but a starting point can be the sectoral analysis performed in Part II.Arts, Faculty of
Vancouver School of Economics
Graduate
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Shortus, Timothy Duncan Public Health & Community Medicine Faculty of Medicine UNSW. "Patient involvement in diabetes decision-making: theory and measurement." Publisher:University of New South Wales. Public Health & Community Medicine, 2008. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/42153.
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Providers are encouraged to view patients with chronic disease as ??partners?? in their care, and to collaborate with them in developing care plans. Yet there is little guidance in how collaboration should occur, and little evidence that collaborative care improves patient outcomes. Related models and measures of patient centred care and shared decision making have not been developed specifically for the context of chronic disease care. This thesis aimed to develop a theoretical understanding of how providers and patients make decisions in chronic disease care planning, how patients experience involvement in care planning, and to develop a measure of patient involvement. It consists of two studies: a qualitative study to develop a grounded theory of decision-making in diabetes care planning, and a scale development and psychometrics study. The qualitative study involved 29 providers and 16 patients with diabetes. It found that providers were concerned with a process described as ??managing patient involvement to do the right thing??, while patients were concerned with ??being involved to make sure care is appropriate??. This led to the theory of ??delivering respectful care??, a grounded theory that integrates provider and patient perspectives by showing how providers and patients can resolve their concerns while achieving mutually acceptable outcomes. Central to this theory is the process of finding common ground, while the key conditions are provider responsiveness and an ongoing, trusting and respectful provider-patient relationship. The Collaborative Care Planning Scale (CCPS), based on these findings, is a patient self-report scale that measures patients?? perceptions of involvement in care planning. After piloting the CCPS was tested amongst 166 patients with diabetes. Exploratory factor analysis resulted in a 27-item scale comprising two factors: ??receiving appropriately personalised care?? and ??feeling actively involved in decision-making??. Psychometrics tests revealed the CCPS has adequate internal consistency and test-retest reliability, and findings support construct validity. ??Delivering respectful care?? enriches understanding of the nature of collaboration in chronic disease care, and identifies those elements necessary to ensure patients receive best possible care. The CCPS provides the means for measuring what patients say they value, and is thus an important measure of quality chronic disease care.