Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Atteintes fonctionnelles'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Atteintes fonctionnelles.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
Bossuet, Christophe. "Physiopathologie de l'infection à VIH : aspects virologiques et atteintes fonctionnelles du système nerveux central." Paris 6, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA066012.
Full textMutlu, Justine. "Connectivité fonctionnelle au repos : relation avec la topographie et la propagation des atteintes structurales, fonctionnelles et moléculaires dans la maladie d'Alzheimer." Thesis, Normandie, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NORMC005/document.
Full textAdvances in neuroimaging techniques have allowed considerable improvement of the understanding and the prediction of the pathophysiological processes of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Recent findings suggested a transneuronal spread hypothesis of neurodegeneration according to which neurodegenerative disease would target specific functional networks among which it would appear and spread. This thesis aimed at assessing this hypothesis in AD by studying the relationships between resting-state functional connectivity and structural, metabolic and molecular alterations. Firstly, we identified the functional, structural and metabolic alterations within the ventral and the dorsal posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) networks in Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and AD. This transversal study suggested an early vulnerability (since the MCI stage) of the ventral network regarding atrophy and resting-state functional connectivity disruptions while hypometabolism concerned both ventral and dorsal networks in MCI and AD patients. Secondly, we assessed the relative influence of the specific connectivity (of the region the most disrupted) versus the global connectivity (of one region with the rest of the brain, especially high in hub regions) on the topography and the propagation of atrophy, hypometabolism and amyloid deposition over 18 months in AD. This longitudinal study revealed that atrophy would appear and propagate through the specific connectivity by avoiding hub regions which would be more vulnerable to the hypometabolism and amyloid deposition
Delmaire, Christine. "Exploration in vivo grâce à l'IRM des atteintes fonctionnelles, morphologiques et microstructurelles dans la dystonie." Paris 6, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA066595.
Full textDystonia is a movement disorder whose pathophysiology is not fully understood. To date, conventional MR imaging was unsuccessful in showing structural abnormality in primary dystonia. New recent imaging techniques, such as voxel based morphometry (VBM) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), can be utilized to explore more precisely the pathophysiology of dystonia. In this work, we used several MRI methods to investigate the pathophysiology of dystonia. We used fMRI to determine whether the selectivity of neuronal representation of basal ganglia neurons was altered in the putamen of patients with focal hand dystonia before and after rehabilitation. Using voxel-based morphometry and DTI, we tested the hypothesis that structural or microstructural changes occur in the sensorimotor basal ganglia - cortical circuit in primary focal hand dystonia. Lastly, we combined structural imaging and fiber tracking to determine the functionnal territory of the basal ganglia that is damaged in post stroke dystonia. Overall, our results show that cortico striatal thalamo cerebellar sensorimotor circuit is likely to play a fundamental role in the pathophysiology of the dystonia
Villette, Vincent. "Atteintes fonctionnelles de la voie septo-hippocampique associées à une pathologie amyloïde hippocampique chez le rat." Paris 5, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA05T038.
Full textEpisodic memory, early affected during Alzheimer disease, is sustain by hippocampal network. The hippocampal theta rhythm implicated in mnesic processes is partly generated by medial septum. Using a non transgenic model of amyloid pathology on Rat, we studied how amyloid deposits act on integrity and rhythmicity of the septo-hippocampal network and mnesic processes. We show a progressive decrease on hippocampal theta oscillation power correlated with a mnesic deficits. Data show a correlation between theta oscillation quality and discrimination performance, and also that amyloid injections disturb this organisation. Then, we revealed a decrease firing rate on GABAergic 'pacemaker' rhythmic neurons associate with a decreased in the rhythmic firing neurons proportion balance by slow firing neurons. To finish, we show a selective neuronal loss on GABAergic neurons of the hippocamposeptal pathway
Duchesne, Sabrina. "Effets des soins chiropratiques sur les capacités physiques fonctionnelles chez des personnes atteintes de lombalgies chronique." Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 1994. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/4994/1/000612918.pdf.
Full textPoignet, Hervé. "Activites pharmacologiques des antagonistes du calcium sur differents modeles physiopathologiques utilises dans l'ischemie cerebrale experimentale : effets sur les atteintes fonctionnelles et neuronales." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988CLF21111.
Full textPoignet, Hervé. "Activités pharmacologiques des antagonistes du calcium sur différents modèles physiopathologiques utilisés dans l'ischémie cérébrale expérimentale effets sur les atteintes fonctionnelles et neuronales /." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376175897.
Full textDrissi, Hind. "Déficits de perception visuo-spatiale élémentaire dans les atteintes neuro-développementales, sensorielles ou motrices." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lyon 1, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024LYO10332.
Full textIt was established that visuo-spatial perception troubles were frequent in children with learning disabilities and that 60% of children with neuro-developmental disabilities have a deficit of elementary visuo-spatial perception (EVSP). We had a double objective in this phD. The first one was for fundamental research: to understand more clearly the role that the vision plays in spatial cognition. The second objective was clinical: to understand more clearly the EVSP developmental deficit and its functional consequences in contexts where it is not taken into consideration enough. So, we evaluated the prevalence of EVSP troubles in children with a motor deficit in the context of cerebral palsy. Our results showed that the development of the EVSP was more problematic with brain damage in the context of prematurity than in the context of neonatal lesion. To better understand this phenomenon, we also tested EVSP in children born prematurely without cerebral lesion but with scholar complaints. We found that even without neuro-developmental disabilities, prematurity upgrades the risk of developing EVSP deficit, and particularly hinders length perception. These two studies made us think that EVSP deficit would be linked to cerebral intra-utero development and would be independent of the environment of postnatal maturation of the cortex. But what about the role of the sensory inputs in the development of spatial abilities? The literature has mainly been focused on congenital blindness and its impact on spatial cognition, highlighting that vision appears as a privileged modality in the development of spatial cognition. Few studies have evaluated the impact of partial and progressive visual impairment on spatial perception, tested in the visual or non-visual modality, and on spatial and numerical cognition. We demonstrated an important prevalence of EVSP troubles in visually impaired people with residual vision, more in the population with reduced peripheral visual field than in the population with decreased visual acuity. This finding contrasts with the demonstration that simulating a deficit of peripheral vision with gaze-contingent masking in healthy controls did not impact the EVSP accuracy. Altogether, this put forward that the EVSP deficit in patients with peripheral vision deficit is not linked to the restricted capture of visual information (that can be experimentally stimulated in healthy subjects) but is rather linked to a process of maladaptive plasticity, associated to the chronic lack of sensory input from peripheral vision (a reorganization of cortical visual areas has been demonstrated in neuroimaging for patients with retinitis pigmentosa). We have also found that these patients tend to develop less haptic compensations and to have more difficulties in mental imagery task. While all groups of visually impairment had difficulties in arithmetic, none, except people with congenital blindness, struggled in our non-visual numerical cognition tasks involving pointing toward a mental number line or bimanual magnitude estimation. This highlights the importance of using non-visual media to learn and evaluate the mathematical skills in visually impaired people. Accounting for EVSP deficits is important in the populations studied in this phD because they are at greater risk of learning disabilities and academic failure. Based on these studies, we can think at adapted preventive care and should not wait for academic failure to react
Petitclerc, Émilie. "Association entre le profil de force musculaire et les capacités fonctionnelles aux membres inférieurs chez les personnes atteintes des phénotypes adulte classique et adulte tardif de dystrophie myotonique de type 1." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/8031.
Full textAbstract: Purpose: The purposes of this study were 1) to describe lower limbs muscle strength and mobility capacities, and 2) to explore the respective contribution of lower limb muscle weaknesses on mobility in the adult and late-onset phenotypes of myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1). Methods: This study is a secondary analysis of part of the results of a larger study, whose purpose was to identify social participation and quality-of-life determinants in 200 DM1 patients (158 adult and 42 late-onset). The strength of four lower limb muscle groups was assessed using manual muscle testing (MMT) and handheld dynamometry quantitative muscle testing (QMT). Mobility capacities were assessed using standardized tests (Berg balance scale, 10 Meter Walk Test and Timed Up & Go). Results: Although the late-onset phenotype showed less weaknesses and mobility limitations than the adult phenotype (p <0.001-0.020), and although MMT showed no weakness in the late-onset phenotype, quantitative strength losses of 12-20% were measured in this phenotype, with the exception of the knee flexors. These weaknesses led to mobility limitations in 22-48% of participants with the late-onset phenotype. In the adult phenotype, muscle strength impairment was slightly more important distally than proximally (2-2.5/10 and 5.8-8.2% for MMT and QMT, respectively) (p <0.001-0.002). According to those results, the adult and late-onset phenotypes show different profiles of lower limb impairment, and should not be pooled for data analysis. A general progression of quantitative muscle weakness and of mobility scores was observed according to the Muscular Impairment Rating Scale (MIRS) classification. Quantitative weaknesses, with the exception of the knee flexors, and mobility limitations were observed from the first MIRS grades. QMT is therefore definitely a more effective tool for measuring weakness in DM1. Finally, ankle dorsiflexors and knee extensors seem to be good indicators of lower limb function in DM1. Conclusion: This study allowed a better characterization of lower limb weaknesses and mobility limitations in the adult and late-onset phenotypes of DM1, and explored the contribution of lower limb weaknesses on mobility capacities in this population. These results will be useful for developing more specific rehabilitation programs and for optimizing the evaluation of these impairments in the context of the upcoming therapeutic trials. Keywords: Myotonic dystrophy type 1, phenotypes, muscle strength, mobility capacities, lower limbs, explanatory variables, physiotherapy.
Coats, Valérie. "Composition corporelle et atteinte musculaire chez les patients atteint d'un cancer du poumon : mécanismes, impacts fonctionnels et réversibilité." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/33974.
Full textWith 1.6 million new cases diagnosed each year and 1.3 million deaths, lung cancer is a major health problem, ranking among the world's leading cancers in terms of mortality. As a consequence of the disease itself or its treatment, muscle impairment is often part of the usual clinical picture of cancer patients and may occur early in the disease continuum. In addition, it may have a significant clinical impact on muscle function, functional capacity, and decreased quality of life for patients. However, despite its clinical importance, muscle impairment and its underlying mechanisms as well as its relationship to muscle function remain relatively poorly documented in lung cancer particularly at diagnosis time. Therefore, my interest in this thesis was to study muscle impairment, body composition, muscle function and functional capacity of patients with lung cancer. More specifically, I wanted to determine whether there was an impairment of body and muscle composition at the time of diagnosis in patients with lung cancer and assess the impact of this impairment on patients’ functional capacity as well as survival. Then, I wanted to address the issue of muscle impairment in lung cancer patients by adopting a more functional and mechanistic point of view by studying the signaling pathways involved in the muscle balance of these patients at the time of their diagnostic. Finally, I have been interested in the reversibility potential of body and muscle composition impairment in response to a rehabilitation program carried out as a pilot study on telerehabilitation. First, our results highlighted that at the time of diagnosis, a muscle impairment was already present in a majority of patients suffering from lung cancer. In addition, we also established that the latter was manifested by a decrease in participation in physical activities and was reflected longitudinally by a decrease in patient survival. However, it would appear that, despite the morphological changes in the muscle, the contractile function of the muscle itself is preserved at the time of diagnosis providing a window of opportunity for adopting countermeasures to maintain or improve muscle function. In this regard, we have also been able to establish that rehabilitation is a feasible, safe and effective therapeutic modality for maintaining muscle function in patients with lung cancer. Considering the link between muscle wasting and important clinical issues such as mortality and chemotherapy related toxicity, early assessment of body and muscle composition as well as features of muscle function may allow more effective screening and better management of patients with lung cancer
Nuchadee, Marie-Laure Joëlle. "Compétences verbales et troubles du spectre autistique : effets de différents traitements sur l’acquisition de compétences verbales chez les enfants avec TSA et acquisition d’analogues de compétences verbales « complexes » chez les personnes au développement typique et chez les personnes atteintes de TSA." Thesis, Lille 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LIL30004.
Full textThe current thesis aimed at investigating verbal skills in individuals with ASD, focusing in particular on the impact of treatment on the development of these skills, as well as attempting to contribute to a more complete behavior analytic explanation of complex generative language.Our first study aimed at comparing the effect of behavioral treatment and multi disciplinary treatment on the verbal skills of children on the autism spectrum in natural settings. Treatment outcome was assessed by analyzing the results to standardized tests evaluating common vocabulary, spatial vocabulary, syntax and non-verbal reasoning and by comparing the number of children who had been mainstreamed into regular classrooms without the help of an aide. Participants with the best test scores on the standardized tests and whose learning rates reached or exceeded normal learning rates of language skills belonged to the group that received early intensive behavioral treatment. It is also in this group that we find the highest percentage of participants who were mainstreamed without special support. We also set to explore how child variables could influence treatment outcome. Our results indicated that age of intake had an effect only on the learning rates of verbal skills and that only for participants who received intensive behavioral treatment. In addition, we explored the possibility of a relation between the severity of symptoms at the age of 4-5 years and the learning rates and the severity of symptoms after approximately 4 years of intensive behavioral treatment. Data analysis revealed that severity of symptoms impairing the development and interfering communication at the age of 4 to 5 years were predictive of the severity of the symptoms that would be observed a few years later. We also conducted a follow up and compared the learning rates after on average of 2 years of intensive behavioral treatment and after on average 4 years of treatment. Significant variability was observed in the evolution in learning rates from one participant to another. Finally, in an attempt to better understand this heterogeneity, we studied the rate of skill acquisition over a 4-year period of children on the autism spectrum who received intensive behavioral treatment. The analysis of the learning curves indicated that there were two types of learners, fast learners and slow learners and that, regardless of age of onset of treatment.Our comparative study showed that whilst intensive behavioral treatment resulted in more important gains in the verbal skills of children with ASD than multi disciplinary treatment, all verbal skills were not affected in the same way. Indeed the gains in vocabulary were more important than the ones in grammar. We thus set in the second part of this thesis to conduct a behavioral analysis of the development of complex verbal skills in the typically developing population but also in the population on the autism spectrum. We used minimal verbal instructions, and matching to sample and sequence training procedures to develop responding to stimulus classes. These were considered analogous to complex verbal skills, namely syntactic relations and classes of verbs, nouns or adjectives
Dupuis, Isabelle. "Atteinte des processus attentionnels et récupération fonctionnelle après lésion cérébrale." Aix-Marseille 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991AIX11394.
Full textLessard, Nadia. "Réorganisation fonctionnelle du système auditif suite à des atteintes cérébrales ou sensorielles précoces." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0020/NQ43728.pdf.
Full textLAGERSIE, DUBEAUX MARYSE. "Evaluation fonctionnelle des lesions traumatiques des nerfs peripheriques avec atteinte du pouce." Amiens, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994AMIEM013.
Full textGUILLE, JEAN-FRANCOISE. "Reeducation et devenir des personnes atteintes d'une fracture de l'extremite superieure du femur a propos de 100 observations." Nantes, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988NANT034M.
Full textPsomiades, Marion. "Altérations cérébrales structurales et fonctionnelles spécifiques des hallucinations auditives résistantes chez les patients atteints de schizophrénie." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE1218.
Full textAuditory hallucinations (AH) are present in 70% to 80% of patients with schizophrenia and are resistant to pharmacological treatments in 25% of cases. These symptoms induce significant distress in patients and predict a bad prognosis. In this work we have highlighted cerebral alterations specific to AH in patients suffer from schizophrenia. In a first study, using DTI method, we showed that patients with schizophrenia and AH have an arcuate fasciculus integrity, reflected by the measurement of fractional anisotropy (FA) greater than the one measured in patients with schizophrenia without AH. In a second study, using MRS method, we showed an increase of NAA level measured in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) in the right hemisphere in patients with schizophrenia and AH compared to the DLPFC in the left hemisphere and compared to patients with schizophrenia and without AH. Moreover, in these two studies we showed an association between AH severity and the arcuate fasciculus integrity in the left hemisphere and an association between AH severity and NAA levels in the right DLPFC. Finally, in our last study, we quantified BDNF levels using ELISA method and showed an association between peripheral BDNF level, a marker of neuronal plasticity, and NAA levels in the right DLPFC, marker of neuronal metabolism, in patients with treatment-resistant schizophrenia. These results show that there is a specific pathophysiology of AH in patients with schizophrenia and highlight the importance of stratifying patients on the basis of their predominant symptoms in future pathophysiological studies of schizophrenia
Lespérance-Caron, Sylvie. "L'impact de la variation du poids sur l'autonomie fonctionnelle des malades atteints de déficits cognitifs." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ26588.pdf.
Full textLespérance-Caron, Sylvie. "L'impact de la variation du poids sur l'autonomie fonctionnelle des malades atteints de déficits cognitifs." Sherbrooke : Université de Sherbrooke, 1997.
Find full textMohty, Mohamad. "Isolement et caractérisation fonctionnelle des cellules dendritiques circulantes chez les patients atteints de leucémies myéloi͏̈des." Montpellier 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000MON11129.
Full textMondot, Stanislas. "Etude des spécificités phylogénétiques et fonctionnelles du microbiote intestinal de patients atteints de la maladie de Crohn." Paris 11, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA114801.
Full textCrohn's disease is inflammatory bowel disease with a mischaracterized aetiology. Nowadays, many publications point out the intestinal microbiota as a required precursor for the initiation and the perpetuation of the inflammation throughout the gastrointestinal tract. From phylogenetic studies, our results showed that some species were associated with the healthy status (R. Bromii, O. Valericigenes, B. Bifidum and E. Rectale) when others were associated with the disease (E. Faecium, E. Faecalis and E. Coli). From functional studies, analysis of the luminal and mucosal microbiota genetic capabilities by metagenomic and metatranscriptomic has enabled us to show : a great similary in the phylogenentic distribution of bacterial genus between the luminal and the mucosal compartments ; many biological pathways differntially represented between the two compartment ; a low overlap between the metatranscriptomic data and metagenomic data
COUNE, THIERRY. "Interet de la rehabilitation respiratoire chez des patients atteints de bronchopneumopathie chronique obstructive : analyse a court et long terme." Lille 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LIL2M319.
Full textDesjardins, Patrick. "Évaluation de la capacité fonctionnelle chez des patients atteints de la dystrophie myotonique de type 1." Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/30290/30290.pdf.
Full textGagnoux, Laurent. "Reversion phenotypique de keratinocytes de patients atteints d'epidermolyse bulleuse jonctionnelle. Etude fonctionnelle de la laminine-5." Nice, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997NICE5100.
Full textChipaux, Mathilde. "Propriétés fonctionnelles des réseaux et des neurones corticaux chez l'homme et l'animal atteints d'épilepsie-absence : études électrophysiologiques in vivo." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00828262.
Full textSoul, Anne-Céline. "Rôle des propriétés motrices fonctionnelles et des représentations d'actions sur les troubles de la cognition spatiale d'enfants atteints d’IMC." Caen, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008CAEN1522.
Full textRoux, Franck-Emmanuel. "Validation du signal de l'IRM fonctionnelle motrice par la stimulation corticale chez les patients atteints de tumeurs cérébrales." Paris 11, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA11T017.
Full textMuller, Christophe. "Régénération et restauration fonctionnelle après atteinte cérébrale chez le rat adulte : une approche préclinique combinant plusieurs stratégies thérapeutiques." Strasbourg, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009STRA6128.
Full textDamage to the adult mammal brain has been considered to be irreversible for a long time. We know now that regeneration can occur in the CNS, provided a permissive environment is furnished to neural cells to stimulate their inherent growth capacity. This introduces new regrading brain damage therapeutic opportunities. Based on an aspirative lesion of the Rat dorsal septo-hippocampal pathways, the current thesis tried to promote CNS regeneration processes by testing individually or in combination several new treatments. The results highlight the functional and structural beneficial effects of a wide-range treatment consisting of a polyamine, the putrescine, combined with an anti-inflammatory agent, the aminoguanidine, which also reduces the polyamine degradation in to toxic metabolites. In association with a biomaterial implanted as a recovery bridge in the lesion cavity, and reinforced by others treatments targeting the bioavailability of endogenous neurotrophic factors (enriched housing and/or administration of synthetic regenerating agents), this treatment reduced some of the lesion induced behavioral deficits by improving neuronal plasticity. However, these encouraging results have been limited by the too rapid degradation of the biomaterial, preventing the neural fibers from reaching and reconnecting the target structure. Given the complex intricate mechanisms involved in brain regenerative processes, the optimization of complementary and synergistic treatments appears to be essential to overcome the various obstacles opposed to the reconstruction of lesioned neural pathways
Martinaud, Christophe. "Anomalies moléculaires et fonctionnelles des cellules stromales mésenchymateuses de patients atteints de myélofibrose primitive : altérations « intrinsèques » de leur différenciation ostéoblastique." Thesis, Paris 11, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA11T099.
Full textPrimary myelofibrosis (PMF) is a Philadelphia-negative myeloproliferative neoplasm, rare but associated with a poor prognosis. Its features are a clonal proliferation and an egress of hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) from bone marrow to spleen. These abnormalities of hematopoiesis are in relation with a pathological stroma (myelofibrosis, osteosclerosis and neoangiogenesis). Molecular abnormalities present in HSC partially explain the physiopathology of the disease. Results from our lab suggest that the bone marrow micro-environnement, especially mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC), are involved in the deregulation of hematopoiesis, promoting the clonal cells. However, there is no strong evidence of bone marrow MSC alterations reported for now.In our study, we isolated MSC from bone marrow of patients suffering from PMF and performed a broad characterization: proliferation, phenotype, hematopoiesis supporting capacities, secretome, transcriptome and miRNome analysis. Our results highlight arguments in favor of a deregulation of their osteogenic capacities. (i) Cytokines NMP2, RANTES, PDGF, TGF-β1, VEGF and Il-6 were significantly overproduced by MSCs. (ii) Transcriptome analysis revealed a specific signature involving genes participating in osteogenic differentiation such as RUNX2, DLX5, TWIST1 and NOGGIN. (iii) Many micro-RNAs, some know to be involved in osteogenic differentiation regulation, as mir-34a, are deregulated in MSCs and in MSC-derived osteoblasts. (iv) Finally, study of their osteogenic potency in vitro and in vivo in nude mice showed an increasing of their osteogenic potency. We studied the impact of TGF-β1 in this process and showed that PMF MSCs showed a basal expression of Smad pathway significantly increased as compared to control. Using specific inhibitor of TGF-β1 receptor, we demonstrated the implication of this cytokine in the osteogenic impairment.To summarize, our work shows for the first time that MSCs from PMF patients are abnormal, independently from stimulation by clonal cells, suggesting intrinsic abnormalities. These abnormalities involve two main factor of the disease: TGF-β1 and osteogenesis
Mazoyer, Valérie. "Evaluation de la vision fonctionnelle de patients atteints de dégénérescence maculaire liée à l'âge : identification d'images et exploration visuelle." Lyon 2, 2002. http://demeter.univ-lyon2.fr:8080/sdx/theses/lyon2/2002/mazoyer_v.
Full textMazoyer, Valérie Vital-Durand François Knoblauch Kenneth. "Evaluation de la vision fonctionnelle de patients atteints de dégénérescence maculaire liée à l'âge identification d'images et exploration visuelle /." Lyon : Université Lumière Lyon 2, 2002. http://demeter.univ-lyon2.fr:8080/sdx/theses/lyon2/2002/mazoyer_v.
Full textRavoire, Philippe. "La place d'un centre de rééducation fonctionnelle dans la prise en charge des patients atteints d'ostéoporose commune en évolution." Montpellier 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995MON11180.
Full textCRUNELLE, BRIGITTE. "Evaluation de la qualite de vie des patients atteints d'hemiplegie vasculaire et ayant regagne leur domicile apres une reeducation precoce dans un centre specialise : a propos de trente-huit cas." Bordeaux 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988BOR25026.
Full textOuellet, Denise. "Capacité fonctionnelle et qualité de vie des patients atteints d'ostéo-arthrite avant et deux mois après une arthroplastie du genou." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape17/PQDD_0002/MQ31770.pdf.
Full textSarrade, Catherine. "Qualité de vie et traumatisme cranien grave : possibilites et limites de l'évaluation." Bordeaux 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993BOR2M152.
Full textFortin, Anne-Marie. "Impact d'un programme d'exercices ciblé sur la force musculaire, la capacité cardiorespiratoire et l'amélioration des capacités fonctionnelles chez des adultes atteints de dystrophie myotonique de type 1." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/31593.
Full textL’entraînement d’adultes atteints de dystrophie myotonique de type 1 a des spécificités encore méconnues. Le but de cette recherche est donc de vérifier l’impact d’un programme d’entraînement ciblé sur la force musculaire, l’endurance cardiorespiratoire ainsi que sur l’amélioration des capacités fonctionnelles chez des adultes atteints de DM1. Neuf participants (4 femmes et 5 hommes) âgés de 47,8 ± 4,6 ans ont complété un programme d’entraînement d’une durée de 8 semaines combinant un entraînement en force, un circuit d’endurance cardiorespiratoire ainsi que des exercices fonctionnels. En comparant les résultats du groupe avant et après les 8 semaines d’entraînements, on remarque une amélioration significative (p<0,05) pour 4 des 6 tests de force 1 RM et une tendance à l’amélioration de la capacité fonctionnelle. La durée du projet, l’absence d’un groupe témoin et le faible nombre de participants font en sorte qu’une interprétation prudente des résultats est requise. Malgré ces contraintes, les résultats préliminaires obtenus sont très prometteurs.
Training of adults suffering from myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM 1) has specificities still unknown. The purpose of this research is therefore to verify the impact of a periodized training program targeted on muscle strength, cardiorespiratory endurance as well as improving functional capacities in adults with DM1. Nine participants (4 women and 5 men) aged 47.8 ± 4.6 years completed an 8-week training program combining strength training, cardiorespiratory endurance training and functional exercises. Comparing the results of the group before and after the 8 weeks of training, we noticed a significant improvement (p<0.05) for 4 of the 6 RM muscular strength tests and a tendency to improve the functional capacity. The duration of the project, the absence of a control group and the small number of participants mean that a careful interpretation of the results is required. Despite these constraints, it remains that the preliminary results obtained are very promising.
Dany, Antoine. "Développement de mesures rapportées par les patients atteints de maladies neuromusculaires génétiques." Thesis, Reims, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016REIMS013/document.
Full textDue to their rarity genetic neuromuscular diseases (NMDs) have been neglected for a long time. Currently, there are few treatments available for NMDs and they are still symptomatic. The care is thus focus on the support and the prevention of health-related functional limitations. Patient reported outcome measures enable assessing patients' perceived benefit in medical care units. Patient-reported outcome measures are important indicators to assess the efficiency of medical care or rehabilitation programs. Only generic tools were available to measure quality of life for french adult patients with a NMD. This PhD work was carried out using data gathered from eight French NMD reference centers (Angers, Créteil, Garches, Lille, Nancy, Nice, Paris myologie, Reims) since 2006. It was realised into three successive phases. Phase I: a mainly qualitative analysis of verbal interactions between participants of five focus groups composed of patients with a NMD enabled the construction of an item bank. Phase II: a mainly quantitative exploratory analysis enabled to select the items from the bank in order to construct a new questionnaire: the QoL-NMD. Phase III: a purely quantitative confirmatory analysis on an independant sample enabled to verrify the Qol-NMD psychometric properties validity
Quazzola, Michèle. "Pronostic fonctionnel des traumatismes crânio-encéphaliques graves de l'enfant et de l'adolescent." Montpellier 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988MON11159.
Full textGiroux, Dominique. "L'évaluation de l'aptitude à gérer ses biens et sa personne chez une clientèle âgée atteinte de déficits cognitifs : un outil d'évaluation." Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/28288/28288.pdf.
Full textValayannopoulos, Vassili. "Caractérisation fonctionnelle et pharmacologique de mutations du transporteur de la créatine (SLC6A8) in vitro et chez des patients atteints du déficit cérébral en créatine." Paris 5, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA05T021.
Full textCreatine (Cr) is required for the utilization of ATP-derived energy at sites of high-energy utilization (muscle, brain, and heart). Mental retardation coupled with epilepsy, speech and behavior disorders are clinical hallmarks of the brain creatine transporter (SLC6A8) deficiency syndrome. Treatment trials with Cr and its precursors have been proven in most cases unable to treat efficiently the disease. Various types of molecular defects including truncating, splice and missense mutations have been described. The first aim of this work was to study the functional and pharmacological properties of 4 non truncating SLC6A8 mutations causing cerebral Cr deficiency syndrome including 2 not previously reported. I used 2 in vitro systems, patients’ fibroblasts and the heterologous expression system in Xenopus oocytes, to study the electrophysiological properties of the 4 mutants. Mutant transporters were completely inactive in all aspects studied despite normal expression and localization. In parallel, I studied the characteristics of 6 patients affected with SLC6A8 deficiency treated for 2. 5 years by Cr and its precursors L-Arg and L-Gly with no efficacy. I also studied the pharmacological effects of Cr and 4 Cr analogs. Among them, GPA showed electrophysiological properties similar to creatine whereas a phosphocreatine derivative, PCrMGX, showed partial activity. In conclusion, our data establish that these SLC6A8 mutations are responsible for equivalent severe functional impairment of the Cr transporter independent from the type of the molecular defect. We also conclude that these models may be used in the future to identify and study the therapeutic potential of new molecules
Zerdoumi, Yasmine. "Analyse fonctionnelle des mutations constitutionnelles hétérozygotes du gène suppresseur de tumeur TP53 dans le contexte génétique des patients atteints du syndrome de Li-Fraumeni." Rouen, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ROUES035.
Full textLi-Fraumeni Syndrome (LFS), resulting from heterozygous germline mutations of TP53, is one of the most severe hereditary cancer syndromes. In order to determine the molecular basis of the clinical gradient of germline TP53 mutations, we studied the functional consequences of the different types of TP53 mutations in the genetic context of the patients, and we showed that TP53 missense mutations with dominant-negative effect alter the p53 transcriptional response to DNA damage more drastically than null mutations. These results indicate that the impact of the mutations on p53 transcriptional response to DNA damage in LFS lymphocytes can be considered as an endophenotype of the clinical severity of germline TP53 mutations. The use of the simple p53 functional assay allowed us to confirm these observations on a large number of mutations. ChIP-Seq analysis performed on lymphocytes derived from TP53 wild-type control subject and LFS patient with TP53 dominant-negative missense, showed that the drastic alteration of p53 transcriptional response to DNA in LFS lymphocytes harboring dominant negative missense mutations, is explained by a massive and global alteration of p53 DNA binding. In order to determine the causative role of chemotherapies in the appearance of secondary tumours in LFS, we developed a new genotoxicity assay, named the p53 genotoxicity assay. This assay allowed us to show that most of the drugs commonly used in cancer treatment, except the microtubule poisons, are highly genotoxic. Thus, in TP53 mutation carriers, germline TP53 mutations represent a genetic permissive context facilitating the malignant transformation of cells in which DNA damage has occurred
Abidi, Malek. "Étude des circuits et réseaux neuronaux engagés dans la préparation et l’imagerie motrice de la locomotion chez des patients atteints de sclérose latérale amyotrophique." Thesis, Paris 10, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA100171.
Full textThe present work examines the cognitive and motor brain mechanisms associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS); in particular, the neural circuits underlying motor preparation and imagined locomotion. In the first study, after stratifying patients according to clinical criteria: ALS with lower motor neurons (LMN) and ALS with upper motor neurons (UMN), we evaluated the functional adaptation in ALS patients during the preparation of self-initiated motor task.Decreased supplementary motor area (SMA) and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex activities and increased activities in subcortical regions were detected in UMN patients compared to controls and LMN during motor preparation. Increased effective connectivity of the striato-cerebellar circuit reinforcing weakened AMS-striatum and AMS-cerebellum circuits was also demonstrated. The loss of functional integrity of the planning sensorimotor network could lead to impaired motor imagery of locomotion in UMN patients. Therefore, in the second study, we tested this hypothesis by devising an fMRI paradigm involving locomotor imagery. Behavioral data showed a significant increase in imagery time in UMN patients compared to controls and LMN during precise postural gait. Functionally, in UMN patients, decreased SMA and the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex activities as well as additional recruitment of the parietal and cerebellar regions were recorded during imagined locomotion. Enhanced functional connectivity of the striato and parieto-cerebellar circuits reinforcing weakened connections of the premotor region was also demonstrated. Our findings indicate that, despite the dysfunction of premotor connections, subcortical connectivity increases in ALS indicative of compensatory processes. The coexistence of circuits with decreased and increased connectivity suggests concomitant neurodegenerative and adaptive changes and could explain motor disorders observed in ALS
Zekhnini, Abderrahman. "Altérations métaboliques, hémodynamiques et fonctionnelles au cours de l'évolution d'une atteinte cérébrale d'origine ischémique chez le rat : étude plus particulière du métabolisme énergétique et des neuromédiateurs." Dijon, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987DIJOS022.
Full textLopez, Estelle. "Caractérisation fonctionnelle d'altérations moléculaires naturelles présentes dans des régions non codantes du gène CFTR, identifiées chez les patients atteints de mucoviscidose ou de pathologies associées." Montpellier 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009MON1T018.
Full textCystic fibrosis (CF), the most frequent lethal genetic disease in Caucasian population, is characterized by a great variability in disease presentation from a classical CF to monosymptomatic forms such as congenital bilateral absence of the vas deferens (CBAVD). More than 1,600 molecular alterations have hitherto been identified on the CFTR (Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane conductance regulator) gene. Because the large majority of them are rare mutations, the establishing of their pathogenecity is problematic. Evaluating the effect of molecular alterations in untranslated CFTR region (UTR) is poorly documented. Some studies allowed characterizing news cis- and trans regulatory elements on the CFTR gene. To elucidate the impact of rare variants located in on-coding regions identified in either CF or CBAVD patients, we investigated their role on the CFTR gene expression by using molecular and cellular biology approaches. Our results indicate that sequence variations (-94>T et -33G>A) identified in the minimal promoter, repress the CFTR transcriptional activity, perturbing the binding of ubiquitous (Specificity protein : Spl et Uspstream Stimulatory Factore : USF) and tissue-specific (Forkhead Box proteins:FOX) transcription factors. A complex regulatory mechanism involving threr proteins including the tissue-specific C/EBP (CAAT/enhancer binding proteins) factor has been showed. In addition, we demonstrated that the decrease in the number of (TAAA)n motif repeat located in the CFTR into 9, alters the expression of this gene. Identification of trans-regulatory elements through the charactérization of the deleterious effect of naturally occuring variants within CFTR UTR parts may shed light on molecular mechanism controlling tissue-specific expression of the CFRT gene
St-Pierre, Corinne. "Évaluation par questionnaires auto-administrés des symptômes et des limitations fonctionnelles des patients présentant une atteinte de la coiffe des rotateurs : revue systématique et adaptation d'un questionnaire." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25751.
Full textThis Master’s thesis includes two objectives. The first one is to conduct a systematic review on the psychometric properties of self-administered questionnaires used with individuals presenting rotator cuff disorders. The second objective is to translate and validate the Canadian French version of the Western Ontario Rotator Cuff Index (WORC). The results of the systematic review show that all the included questionnaires can be used for assessing individuals with rotator cuff disorders. Our results for the second objective is that the Canadian French version of the WORC shows similar psychometric properties to the original version of the WORC and the other translated versions of the WORC.
Anouan, Koutoua Joseph. "Correction de l'effet de volume partiel en imagerie fonctionnelle par TEP au 18F-FDG pour le suivi thérapeutique de patients atteints de cancer pulmonaire non à petites cellules." Rouen, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ROUES028.
Full textMondino, Marine. "Utilisation de la stimulation transcrânienne en courant continu chez les patients atteints de schizophrénie présentant des hallucinations auditives : effets cliniques, cognitifs et neurophysiologiques." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO10365.
Full textAuditory hallucinations are prominent and disabling features of schizophrenia. For 25%-30% of patients with schizophrenia, such hallucinations are refractory to drug treatment and their physiopathology remains unknown. This thesis aims at using transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) in several studies to alleviate and characterize refractory auditory hallucinations in schizophrenia. First, we conducted a clinical study in patients with schizophrenia and we reported that fronto-temporal tDCS reduced auditory hallucinations. ln another study, we reported that the reduced severity of auditory hallucinations was correlated with improved source monitoring performances. ln a study in healthy volunteers, we reported that source-monitoring processes were associated with activity of the left temporo-parietal junction. Finally, using functional magnetic resonance imaging, we observed that tDCS modulates the functional connectivity of the left temporo-parietal junction with a distributed network involved in auditory hallucinations and language processing. The study of clinical, cognitive and neural effects of tDCS allows a better understanding of brain mechanisms involved in auditory hallucinations and of the central role of the left temporo-parietal junction. These works were discussed together in light of available literature to pave the way for valuable alternative approaches to alleviate auditoryhallucinations in schizophrenia
Dondé-Coquelet, Clément. "Caractérisation du fonctionnement du système auditif central associé aux performances d’appariement tonal chez les sujets atteints de schizophrénie : approches psychophysiques et neurophysiologiques." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSE1162.
Full textSchizophrenia (SZ) is a chronic brain disorder with outcome primarily driven by deficits in cognition. These have been related to impaired discrimination of basic auditory information such as pitch, as assessed in tone-matching behavioral paradigms in which subjects are asked to actively discriminate between two short pure tones (300-ms) following a brief delay (500-ms). More specifically, tone-matching indexes early, pre-attentive comparison mechanisms occurring in the central auditory system (CAS, divided into thalamic medial geniculate nucleus (MGN), early auditory (EA) and association auditory (AA) cortical areas). Therefore, characterisations of the CAS functioning associated with tone-matching abilities in SZ individuals may be useful drivers for pathophysiology understanding and therapeutic development. First, we aimed at exploring tone-matching abilities in SZ across major acoustic features (length, pitch, intensity) and different levels of complexity (2-tones, 3-tones, emotional sentences) using psychophysical testing. We predicted that patients would display differential deficits across acoustic features, and present a mediated relationship between tone-matching levels of complexity. Second, we investigated the CAS functioning associated with tone-matching at a neurophysiological level, using resting-state functional connectivity MRI (rsFC-MRI) and CAS-targeted transcranial electrical stimulation (left fronto-temporal tES, 2mA, random noise current, ten 20-min twice-daily sessions). We predicted that functional dysconnectivity within the CAS would be associated with tone-matching impairments, and that tES would significantly modulate these impairments in patients. As complementary, we reviewed historical aspects of basic auditory explorations in SZ and studies investigating basic auditory-training approaches as a potential remediative treatment. Psychophysical studies demonstrated more prominent deficits for length than pitch and, in turn, than intensity (n=29), and showed that 3-tones discrimination mediates the correlation between 2-tones and auditory emotion recognition deficits (n=27). Neurophysiological approaches showed that tone-matching performances are bimodally distributed across SZ subjects (n=310), with one group (SZ-) showing significant reductions in both tone-matching and rsFC-MRI in regions of the bilateral CAS (i.e., between MGN and both EA and AA, as well as reductions between EA and AA, particularly involving parcels which are immediately adjacent to EA), and one group (SZ+) showing intact tone-matching and significant reductions only in EA-AA connectivity. The investigation of CAS-targeted tES impact on tone-matching abilities in patients is still ongoing, but preliminary results demonstrated significant modulations of tone-matching scores after the tES procedure (n=2). Our results demonstrate that SZ individuals present with different patterns of tone-matching deficits across acoustic features, but similar yet hierarchical levels of impairments for processing of simple vs. more complex auditory stimuli. Nevertheless, both feature- and complexity- dependant tone-matching deficits might be associated with different types of anatomo-functional underpinnings in the CAS. In addition, we showed that tone-matching measure segregates between discrete SZ subgroups presenting distinct topographic patterns of functional dysconnectivity in the CAS. Finally, tone-matching deficits might be related to neuronal excitability and plasticity mechanisms in the SAC that are modulated by tES. As tone-matching paradigms can be readily implemented within routine clinical settings, these experimental results may be useful to permit differentiation of discrete subtypes of SZ and to develop both non-invasive brain stimulation and remediative approaches
Yordanova, Yordanka Nikolova. "Un éclairage nouveau sur les bases neurales de la mentalisation : une étude combinant cartographie multimodale et IRM fonctionnelle de repos chez des patients atteints d’un gliome diffus de bas grade." Thesis, Montpellier, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018MONTT052/document.
Full textMentalizing, or the ability of human beings to make assumptions about other people’s mental states, has been the subject of many studies over the last 20 years. The neural bases and especially the white matter connectivity of this complex cognitive function is still poorly understood. Recently, an anatomo-functional organization into two neural pathways has been proposed. According to this model, it is assumed that the reflective, inferential aspects of mentalizing is underpinned by the cingulum. The reflexive, identificatory aspects of mentalizing are thought to be mediated, for their part, by the arcuate fascicle and the lateral part of the superior longitudinal fascicle. The main purpose of this scientific work is to provide original data on the anatomo-functional organization of the neural network involved in the face-based mentalizing. We used as a pathophysiological study model diffuse low-grade gliomas. These primary brain tumors are particularly interesting for the study of the functional role of the white matter for two reasons: (i) the tumor cells propagate preferentially along the white matter fibers; (ii) the surgical resection is often performed in awake condition with intraoperative functional mapping to identify, and thus to preserve functional structures, including the white matter.In our first study, using intraoperative electrical stimulation, we were able to identify a large cortico-subcortical mentalizing network. The analysis of the disconnections induced by the stimulation of the white matter allowed us to clearly highlight, for the first time, the role of the inferior fronto-occipital fascicle. We also confirmed the already established role of the superior longitudinal fascicle in mentalizing. In a second study, using lesion mapping analyses in patients operated on for a diffuse low-grade glioma, we demonstrated that the long-term, non-compensatory mentalizing deficit was explained by the involvement of the arcuate fascicle. Finally, in a third study combining resting-state functional MRI and the cortical sites unmasked during surgery, we were able to identify a large cortical mentalizing networks, which were very similar to those identified by classical task-based functional imaging.In general, our findings suggest that the face-based mentalizing would require the integrity of at least two associative white matter fascicles. They also validate the combined use of resting-state functional MRI and direct cortical stimulations as an original approach to map neurocognitive networks.In addition to these fundamental considerations, our results have also clinical implications, especially regarding the intraoperative functional mapping. They also provide a better understanding of brain pathologies characterized by both mentalizing deficit and white matter impairment
Wu, Xianglei. "Évaluation concomitante des signatures fonctionnelles des réponses lymphocytaires T spécifiques des Antigènes Associés aux Tumeurs et des Cellules Tumorales Circulantes : Impact sur le pronostic des patients atteints de carcinome épidermoïde des voies aéro-digestives supérieures." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORR0037/document.
Full textWe have evaluated herein two important parameters in the immunomonitoring of cancer patients: circulating tumor cells (CTC) as an indicator of “tumoral antigenic load” and tumor-associated antigens (TAA) specific T-cells. We firstly evaluated the diagnostic and prognostic value of CTC in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC) by a systematic review and meta-analysis. We came to the conclusion that current evidence identifies the CTC detection test as an extremely specific but low sensitive test in HNSCC. In addition, the presence of CTC indicates a worse disease-free disease (DFS). Also, we report for the first time a rare case of extremely high enumeration of circulating tumor cells detected in a patient with squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity using the CellSearch® system. The absolute number of CTC could therefore predict a particular phase of cancer development as well as a poor survival, potentially contributing to personalized health. In addition, we describe an adaptation of the CellSearch® method that we have developed for detecting tumor cells in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with carcinomatous meningitis. This new approach reaches a significantly improved sensitivity compared to conventional cytology. CellSearch® technology, applied to limited sample volumes and allowing an increased pre-analytical time, may be of great interest in the diagnosis of leptomeningeal metastases in patients with epithelial cancer. By a concomitant evaluation of CTC and TAA-specific lymphocyte responses in 24 HNSCC patients, we describe that CTC could be an independent indicator of immunogenic tumor burden. The absence of CTC, the presence of TAA-specific T-cells, or the combination of these, were all parameters showing a trend for a better overall survival or DFS. The amplitude and functional signatures of TAA-specific T-lymphocytes in patients with HNSCC were associated with the presence of CTC. These results suggest that a concomitant evaluation of these two parameters may be more pertinent for prognosis assessment as well as for treatment impact, especially in “checkpoint-inhibitors” new immunotherapies
Charrier, Mélinda. "Caractérisation phénotypique et fonctionnelle de sous-populations Natural Killer (NK) chez des patients atteints d’un cancer bronchique non à petites cellules et impact d’une vaccination avec des exosomes de cellules dendritiques (Dex) autologues." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLS438.
Full textRecently, immunotherapy has emerged as a new strategy in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) patients, confirming the key role of the immune system in this disease. Despite these new treatments (targeted therapies, immunotherapy), response rates remain low with a modest impact on overall survival. Biomarkers are needed to define the target population of these treatments. One of the options explored is the immune status; indeed the immune status of cancer patients has a prognosis impact and may influence the response to standard treatments such as chemotherapy, targeted therapies and even immunotherapy. Among the immune cells, Natural Killer cells (NK) have an effector role in NSCLC. It is now established that NK cells can promote a functional and efficient adaptive immunity. Therefore, an impaired NK functions could be a mechanism associated with the escape from adaptive immunity of the tumor. In our first study, we demonstrated that exosomes from dendritic cells stimulated NK cells through NKp30, this activity is being associated with improved survival in advanced NSCLC. Our second project has revealed, for the first time, a independent prognostic role of NCR3 transcript (NKp30 gene) for naïve advanced NSCLC. Activation of NK cells via NKp30 could be an effective strategy for immunomodulation in advanced NSCLC patients. These studies confirm a major role of NK cells in advanced NSCLC