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1
STOVALL, K. CHASE, and MARY DOZIER. "The development of attachment in new relationships: Single subject analyses for 10 foster infants." Development and Psychopathology 12, no. 2 (June 2000): 133–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579400002029.
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This paper presents single-subject analyses of newly developing attachment relationships in 10 foster infant–caregiver dyads. Using a diary methodology, at least 2 months of daily data were provided by foster parents on infants' attachment behaviors. Foster infant attachment was also assessed using the Strange Situation. Foster mother state of mind regarding attachment was measured using the Adult Attachment Interview. For eight infants, diary data revealed predominant patterns of attachment behavior emerging within 2 months of placement. In most cases, diary data predicted Strange Situation classifications. Both Strange Situation and diary data indicated that the three children placed in foster care before 12 months of age with foster parents having primary or secondary autonomous states of mind were classified as having secure attachments. The five children placed after 12 months of age showed predominantly insecure attachment behavior in the diary and were classified as insecure in the Strange Situation. Contingency analyses of behavioral sequences reported in the diary revealed that foster parents tended to complement their foster childrens' attachment behaviors.
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Song, Ruizhe, Joey J. Fung, Maria S. Wong, and Ping Yao. "Attachment as Moderator of Perceived Social-Class Discrimination on Behavioral Outcomes Among Chinese Migrant Children." Journal of Early Adolescence 40, no. 6 (August 20, 2019): 745–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0272431619870604.
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In this study, we examined the relations between perceived social-class discrimination, attachment, and behavior problems in a sample of Chinese migrant children in Beijing (age [Formula: see text] = 11.48, SD = 1.12; n = 179). Data were collected from two migrant schools in Beijing. The participants completed measures of perceived social-class discrimination, attachment to parents and peers, and internalizing and externalizing behavior problems. The results indicated that perceived social-class discrimination was associated with more internalizing and externalizing problems. In addition, attachments to mother, father, and peer were negatively associated with behavior problems. Results of hierarchical regression analysis demonstrated that child-father attachment significantly moderated the associations between perceived social-class discrimination and internalizing and externalizing behavior problems. The negative effects of perceived social-class discrimination on child outcomes were mitigated when children reported higher levels of attachment to their fathers. Child-mother and child-peer attachment demonstrated no moderating effects. The findings provide some evidence of child-father attachment’s unique contribution to child socioemotional development and protection against behavior problems associated with social risks.
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Chisholm, Kim, Margaret C. Carter, Elinor W. Ames, and Sara J. Morison. "Attachment security and indiscriminately friendly behavior in children adopted from Romanian orphanages." Development and Psychopathology 7, no. 2 (1995): 283–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579400006507.
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AbstractAttachment security was assessed in children who had spent at least 8 months in a Romanian orphanage (RO) and two comparison groups of children: a Canadian-born, nonadopted comparison group (CB) and a comparison group adopted from Romania before the age of 4 months (RC). We also assessed differences in displays of indiscriminately friendly behavior between the two adopted groups of children. Attachment security was assessed using parent report on a questionnaire comprised of the 23 items with the highest and lowest loadings on the Waters and Deane (1985) attachment Q-sort. Indiscriminately friendly behavior was assessed using parents' responses to five questions about their children's behavior with new adults. Children's attachment security scores were also compared to parents' scores on the parent attachment subscale of the Parenting Stress Index (Abidin, 1990). RO children scored significantly lower on security of attachment than did either the RC or CB children. RC and CB children did not differ on attachment security. Based on their parents' reports, RO children displayed significantly more indiscriminately friendly behaviors than did RC children, but such behaviors were not correlated with security of attachment. Children's attachment security scores were related to their parents attachment scores only in the RO group. It is suggested that RO children's experience of extreme neglect contributed to their low attachment-security scores, and that indiscriminate friendliness may be an important behavior to consider in the study of attachment in institutionalized children.
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Easterbrooks, M. Ann, Cherilyn E. Davidson, and Rachel Chazan. "Psychosocial risk, attachment, and behavior problems among school-aged children." Development and Psychopathology 5, no. 3 (1993): 389–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s095457940000448x.
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AbstractThe role of environmental risk and protective factors (attachment, verbal intelligence) in school-aged children's adaptation was examined. Subjects were 45 7-year-old children from low socioeconomic status environments. Security of attachment to mother was assessed by reunion behavior in the laboratory following an hour-long separation. Mothers and teachers reported on behavior problems using the Child Behavior Checklist. Results revealed a higher proportion of insecure attachments and behavior problems than in low-risk populations. Greater risk and less security were associated with poorer behavioral adaptation. Multiple regressions tested a model of protective processes; results demonstrated main effects of attachment security, even after controlling for extent of environmental risk.
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Seibert, Ashley, and Kathryn Kerns. "Early mother–child attachment." International Journal of Behavioral Development 39, no. 2 (July 6, 2014): 130–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0165025414542710.
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Although it is hypothesized that children with different insecure attachment patterns may experience a variety of peer difficulties, the question has been investigated almost exclusively for externalizing and internalizing behaviors with peers. The purpose of this study was to investigate how each of the insecure attachment patterns is related to other features of peer relationships using data from the NICHD SECC ( N = 1,140 families). Secure children were rated by mothers and teachers as less excluded by peers than avoidant and disorganized children, although the latter was only significant for boys. No behaviors were uniquely associated with ambivalent children. Avoidant children were rated high by mothers and teachers on asocial behavior, and lowest by teachers on relational aggression. Disorganized children were rated low by mothers on prosocial behavior and high on peer victimization as reported by mothers and teachers. Teachers rated disorganized children as showing higher levels of relational aggression than securely- and ambivalently-attached children. The pattern of findings revealed mixed evidence for the specificity hypothesis.
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Xu, Lan. "The Influence of Paternal masculinity Behavior on the Formation of Individual Attachment." Journal of Education, Humanities and Social Sciences 8 (February 7, 2023): 549–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/ehss.v8i.4304.
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Paternal masculinity behavior has been recognized as an important factor in a rearing process of a family that might influence children’s attachment strongly and has a certain relevance to individual attachment when children grow up. In this study, researchers show that fathers’ involvement and paternal masculinity behavior have a strong impact on the formation of individual attachment, especially adult avoidant. Fathers who intend to show their masculinity may suppress their emotional expression and try to build a moral paradigm in front of children. Children learn information from fathers about gender behaviors and the idea of how they start and sustain a romantic relationship. It may lead to an avoidant attachment since children acquire the restriction of emotional expressions, and criticize moral standards in their childhood from either insufficient father involvement or paternal masculinity behaviors. The result inspires researchers that father involvement and paternal masculinity behaviors should be further considered and developed as key elements when it comes to parenting and attachment in the scientific field.
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MUHAMMAD, Brihan Kamel. "KINDERGARTEN CHILD PSYCHOLOGICAL ATTACHMENT." RIMAK International Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences 04, no. 05 (September 1, 2022): 485–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.47832/2717-8293.19.29.
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The current research aims to identify 1- Psychological attachment among children of Riyadh. 2- There are no statistically significant differences in psychological attachment among kindergarten children according to the gender variable (males and females). 3- There are no statistically significant differences in the attachment of security among kindergarten children according to the variable (kindergarten, pre-school). Based on the findings of the research, the researcher concluded the following: 1 Psychological attachment is the common characteristics of children, and this result indicates that children need tenderness and affection from parents, especially (mother), and this was confirmed by Koverj’s study (1982) and the importance of dealing with children on a moral basis, because dealing with children makes The personality of its members is more stable and balanced, and it implants in the psyche of the child the conscience and morals. 2 There are no differences between the sexes in the behavior of psychological attachment, because children of both sexes need attention and psychological care, especially in Iraqi society. 3- There are no differences between (kindergarten and preschool) in the behavior of psychological attachment, because children of both sexes need to modify behaviors and psychological care. Key words: Psychological Attachment, Kindergarten Child, Children of Riyadh.
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Basri, Ramaita. "EFFECT OF TOKEN ECONOMY THERAPY FOR REDUCING ATTACHMENT BEHAVIOR AMONG PRE SCHOOL CHILDREN IN KINDERGARTEN." Elevate The International Journal of Nursing Education, Practice and Research 1, no. 1 (July 24, 2018): 55–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/elevate.1.1.55-58.2018.
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Attachment behaviors are behaviors experienced by children when they would leave their homes and families to join his friends at school he regarded as strangers. This behavior can interfere with the functioning life of the child so that the child can not be independent, and parents should be involved more in the activities of children. The study aimed to determine the effect of economic token therapy for reducing the attachment behavior among Kindergarten Students. The design of this study was quasi experimental with pre and post with control group. By using multistage random sampling and consecutive sampling technique with a total sample of 68 people who experienced attachment behavior. Consisted of 34 peoples as intervention group and 34 peoples as control group. Bivariate analysis using Wilcoxon test and mann-whitney test. The results showed that there were significant differences of attachment behavior before and after entering the token economy intervention in the intervention group compared with those in the control group (p = 0.000). Token economy therapy has positive effect to reduce attachment behavior of kindergarten student at the beginning of learning process in the kindergarten school. The application of economic token is recommended to overcome the attachment behavior of existing preschool children in schools and in the general public health services.
KEY WORDS: Attachment behavior, Token economy, Kindergarten students.
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Kahane, Lital, and Mohamed El-Tahir. "Attachment behavior in children with Autistic Spectrum Disorders." Advances in Mental Health and Intellectual Disabilities 9, no. 2 (March 2, 2015): 79–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/amhid-06-2014-0026.
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Purpose – Significance of attachment relationship to the development and impairments among children with autism has been studied. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the literature for studies completed on the attachment and assess the effect of autism on attachment development. Different moderators of attachment are also reviewed. Design/methodology/approach – Systematic reviews were searched for in different databases to establish the necessity and relevance of the current paper. The last systematic review on the topic was published in 2004 so studies done after that year were searched for in electronic databases and experts on the filed were also contacted before choosing the ten studies selected for this review. Findings – Attachment is present among children with Autistic Spectrum Disorders (ASD), however not prevalent as in normally developing children. The security and organization of attachment behavior are affected by the severity of the diagnosis of Autism and the co-morbidities associated. Maternal sensitivity and insightfulness support the development of secure attachment in children with ASD while impairments in joint attention and symbolic play proved to be risk factors for insecurity and disorganization of attachment. Originality/value – The review contributes to the relatively understudied topic of attachment behavior in autism spectrum disorders focussing on the influence brought to the bonding connection by different influencing factors like: mothers’ sensitivity, insightfulness and attachment style, parenting style and symbolic play levels.
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Cohn, Deborah A., Philip A. Cowan, Carolyn P. Cowan, and Jane Pearson. "Mothers' and fathers' working models of childhood attachment relationships, parenting styles, and child behavior." Development and Psychopathology 4, no. 3 (July 1992): 417–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579400000870.
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AbstractThis study addresses the question of whether or not parents' working models of childhood attachments constitute a risk factor for difficulties in current parent-child relations. In a sample of 27 families and their preschool-aged children, mother-child and father-child dyads were observed in separate laboratory play sessions from which ratings of parents' and children's behavior were collected. Working models of attachment were assessed using the Adult Attachment Interview (George, Kaplan, & Main, 1984). Results showed that parents classified as insecure were less warm and provided less structure in interactions with their children than did parents classified as secure. Children of insecure parents were less warm toward their parents than were children of secure parents. Analyses of parents' joint attachment classification showed that insecure women married to insecure men were less warm and provided less structure with their children than did mothers in either the insecure-secure or secure-secure dyads. These findings suggest that, in two-parent families, an insecure working model may be a risk factor for less competent parenting but that the risk is more pronounced when both parents have insecure working models of attachment.
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O'CONNOR, THOMAS G., ROBERT S. MARVIN, MICHAEL RUTTER, JEFFREY T. OLRICK, PRESTON A. BRITNER, and THE ENGLISH AND ROMANIAN ADOPTEES STUDY TEAM. "Child–parent attachment following early institutional deprivation." Development and Psychopathology 15, no. 1 (March 2003): 19–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579403000026.
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Child–parent attachment quality with an adoptive caregiver at age 4 years was examined in a sample of 111 children adopted into the United Kingdom following early severe deprivation in Romania and a comparison group of 52 nondeprived within–United Kingdom adoptees. Findings indicated that, compared with nondeprived adoptees, children who experienced early severe deprivation were less likely to be securely attached and more likely to show atypical patterns of attachment behavior; ordinary forms of insecure attachment were not associated with deprivation. Within the sample of deprived adoptees, there was a dose–response association between duration of deprivation and disturbances in attachment behavior. In addition, a minority of children who experienced severe early deprivation were classified as avoidant, secure, or dependent using conventional classification strategies, despite also exhibiting atypical patterns of attachment behaviors, and this was also more likely among children exposed to prolonged deprivation. The results raise both theoretical and methodological implications for attachment research on very deprived children.
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Poehlmann-Tynan, Julie, Cynthia Burnson, Hilary Runion, and Lindsay A. Weymouth. "Attachment in young children with incarcerated fathers." Development and Psychopathology 29, no. 2 (April 12, 2017): 389–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579417000062.
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AbstractThe present study examined young children's attachment behaviors during paternal incarceration and reported on initial validity of a new measure used to rate children's attachment-related behaviors and emotions during visits in a corrections setting. Seventy-seven children, age 2 to 6 years, and their jailed fathers and current caregivers participated in the home visit portion of the study, whereas 28 of these children participated in the jail visit. The results indicated that 27% of children witnessed the father's crime and 22% of children witnessed the father's arrest, with most children who witnessed these events exhibiting extreme distress; children who witnessed these events were more likely to have insecure attachments to their caregivers. Consistent with attachment theory and research, caregivers who exhibited more sensitivity and responsivity during interactions with children and those who provided more stimulating, responsive, learning-oriented home environments had children who were more likely to have secure attachments (measured with the Attachment Q-Sort). We also found preliminary evidence for the validity of our new measure, the Jail Prison Observation Checklist, in that children's attachment-related behaviors and emotions during the jail visit correlated with their attachment security observed in the home. Our observations indicate that, in certain contexts, noncontact visits with incarcerated parents can be stressful for children and that children's caregivers may play a significant role during these visits.
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Bruce, Jacqueline, Amanda R. Tarullo, and Megan R. Gunnar. "Disinhibited social behavior among internationally adopted children." Development and Psychopathology 21, no. 1 (January 2009): 157–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579409000108.
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AbstractPostinstitutionalized children frequently demonstrate persistent socioemotional difficulties. For example, some postinstitutionalized children display an unusual lack of social reserve with unfamiliar adults. This behavior, which has been referred to as indiscriminate friendliness, disinhibited attachment behavior, and disinhibited social behavior, was examined by comparing children internationally adopted from institutional care to children internationally adopted from foster care and children raised by their biological families. Etiological factors and behavioral correlates were also investigated. Both groups of adopted children displayed more disinhibited social behavior than the nonadopted children. Of the etiological factors examined, only the length of time in institutional care was related to disinhibited social behavior. Disinhibited social behavior was not significantly correlated with general cognitive ability, attachment-related behaviors, or basic emotion abilities. However, this behavior was negatively associated with inhibitory control abilities even after controlling for the length of time in institutional care. These results suggest that disinhibited social behavior might reflect underlying deficits in inhibitory control.
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Mo, Xiaoling, Zhi Wang, and Jingjin Shao. "Parent-child attachment and good behavior habits among Chinese children: Chain mediation effect of parental involvement and psychological Suzhi." PLOS ONE 16, no. 1 (January 6, 2021): e0241586. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0241586.
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This study examines the mediation effect of parental involvement and psychological Suzhi between the relationship of parent-child attachment and good behavior habits in Chinese children. The participants comprised 563 children from four Chinese kindergartens (4.41±0.96) whose parents reported measures of parent-child attachment, parental involvement, psychological Suzhi, and good behavior habits in their children. The results indicated that (1) Parental attachment, parental involvement and psychological Suzhi were positively correlated with good behavior habits of young children; (2) Parental involvement and psychological Suzhi mediated the relationship between parent-child attachment and good behavior habits in children separately; (3) Parent-child attachment indirectly affected children’s good behavior habits through the path of “parental involvement and psychological Suzhi.”
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Bakermans-Kranenburg, Marian J., Natasha Dobrova-Krol, and Marinus van IJzendoorn. "Impact of institutional care on attachment disorganization and insecurity of Ukrainian preschoolers." International Journal of Behavioral Development 36, no. 1 (June 17, 2011): 11–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0165025411406858.
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Institutional care has been shown to lead to insecure and disorganized attachments and indiscriminate friendliness. Some children, however, are surprisingly resilient to the adverse environment. Here the protective role of the long variant of the serotonin receptor gene (5HTT) is explored in a small hypothesis-generating study of 37 Ukrainian preschoolers reared in institutional settings or in their biological families. Attachment was observed with the Strange Situation Procedure, and indiscriminate social behavior was assessed in a semistructured interview with the caregiver. We found a moderating role of 5HTT for the association between adverse environment and attachment disorganization. Children with the ss or sl genotyope showed more attachment disorganization and less attachment security when they grew up in an institution compared to children who lived in a family, but children who were homozygous for the l allele appeared to be protected against the adverse institutional environment on attachment. We conclude that not all children may be equally vulnerable to extremely adverse rearing experiences.
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Joseph, Michelle A., Thomas G. O'Connor, Jacqueline A. Briskman, Barbara Maughan, and Stephen Scott. "The formation of secure new attachments by children who were maltreated: An observational study of adolescents in foster care." Development and Psychopathology 26, no. 1 (October 29, 2013): 67–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579413000540.
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AbstractChildren who were maltreated and enter foster care are at risk for maladjustment and relationship disturbances with foster carers. A popular hypothesis is that prior attachment relationships with abusive birth parents are internalized and carried forward to impair the child's subsequent attachment relationships. However, the empirical base for this model is limited, especially in adolescence. We examined the attachment patterns of 62 adolescents with their birth parents and their foster parents; we compared them to a comparison sample of 50 adolescents in normal-risk families. Attachment was assessed using the Child Attachment Interview; adolescent–parent interaction quality was assessed from direct observation; disruptive behavior symptoms were assessed from multiple informants. Whereas nearly all of the adolescents in foster families exhibited insecure attachments to their birth mothers (90%) and birth fathers (100%), nearly one-half were classified as having a secure attachment with their foster mother (46%) and father (49%); rates of secure attachment toward foster parents did not differ significantly from the rate in comparison families. Within the foster care sample, attachment security to the foster mother was predicted from current observed relationship quality and the duration of current placement. In addition, attachment quality in foster adolescents was associated with fewer disruptive behavior symptoms, and this association was equally strong in foster and comparison families. Our findings demonstrate that there is substantial potential for maltreated children to change and develop subsequent secure attachments in adolescence.
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Rochmah, Syifa Liwahul, Kristiana Maryani, and Fahmi Fahmi. "The Influence of Parental Attachment on the Independence of 5-6 Years Old Children." TEMATIK: Jurnal Pemikiran dan Penelitian Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini 9, no. 1 (June 30, 2023): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.26858/tematik.v9i1.46487.
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This research is motivated by the problem of low child independence. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of attachment on the independence of children aged 5-6 years. Using a quantitative research approach with the ex-post facto method. The population used in this study were 176 children aged 5-6 years in RA throughout the District of Jombang - Cilegon, Banten. Sampling using the slovin formula as many as 63 children. Data collection techniques using questionnaires, with data analysis techniques to test the hypothesis t. Based on the findings regarding attachment to the independence of children aged 5-6 years that there are children who have high independence, the attachment of parents is high and vice versa. Children's independence is seen in children's behavior while in the school environment and outside of school. The results of attachment research on the independence of children aged 5-6 years show a significant value of 0.034 <0.05, so it can be interpreted that there is a significant influence between attachments on the independence of children aged 5-6 years.
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Thi Mai Phuong, Tran. "THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FAMILY ATTACHMENT AND DEVIANT BEHAVIORS OF HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS." International Journal of Advanced Research 11, no. 05 (May 31, 2023): 1714–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/17040.
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The study aimed to assess the relationship between the level of family attachment and the deviant behaviors of high school students - survey data from 126 high school students of Hanoi city. Research results show that: family cohesion is negatively correlated with the bad behavior of high school students. In families where parents often criticize and impose on their children, family members often have conflicts and conflicts, and the childrens morale is higher. In families where family members often have inappropriate behaviors and words, children also have high expressions of similar deviant behaviors.
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Moss, Ellen, Jean-François Bureau, Marie-Julie Béliveau, Magdalena Zdebik, and Suzanne Lépine. "Links between children's attachment behavior at early school-age, their attachment-related representations, and behavior problems in middle childhood." International Journal of Behavioral Development 33, no. 2 (January 30, 2009): 155–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0165025408098012.
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The objective of the present study was to examine associations between children's attachment behavior at early school-age, dimensions of narrative performance, and behavior problems as assessed in middle childhood. Children's attachment patterns with mother were assessed at age 6 ( N = 127) using the Main and Cassidy (1988) separation—reunion classification system. Two years later, these children ( N = 109) completed the Narrative Story Stem Battery (Bretherton, Oppenheim, Buchsbaum, Emde, & The MacArthur Narrative Group, 1990), and teachers rated their level of behavior problems using the Social Behavior Questionnaire (Tremblay, Vitaro, Gagnon, Piché, & Royer, 1992). Results indicated that secure children depicted fewer conflict themes in their narratives than did disorganized/controlling children, produced more discipline themes than avoidant children, and had higher coherence scores than ambivalent children. Avoidant children also depicted fewer conflict themes than disorganized/controlling children. Finally, children's narrative conflict themes significantly predicted both level of externalizing and total behavior problems, even after controlling for variance explained by gender and disorganized/controlling attachment behavior. Girls' narratives were more likely to evoke discipline and affection/affiliation themes, and to be more coherent than boys' narratives.
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Costa Martins, Mariana, Carolina Santos, Marília Fernandes, and Manuela Veríssimo. "Attachment and the Development of Prosocial Behavior in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review." Children 9, no. 6 (June 12, 2022): 874. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children9060874.
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(1) Background: One key assumption of attachment theory is the relationship between security and the development of prosocial behavior. A secure child is more likely to feel and show concern for another individual, resulting in higher levels of prosocial behaviors (defined as voluntary behavior intended to benefit others—e.g., helping, sharing, comforting). (2) Method: Using a systematic review of the literature (PROSPERO: CRD42022290706), 703 articles were identified (EBSCO databases), from which 16 were considered eligible by the first two authors (inter-reviewer agreement: 85.714%). The criteria for an article’s exclusion were as follows: samples of children/teens not living in natural contexts; studies on psychopathologies; intervention programs; qualitative designs; studies on development or the validation of measures; studies that did not reliably measure the variables studied. (3) Results and Discussion: The eligible studies revealed incongruous results about the potential associations between attachment security to mothers and fathers and prosocial behavior. More consistent and significant relationships were found between the quality of attachment and empathy, while the associations between attachment and prosocial behavior were inconsistent (e.g., nine articles revealed significant associations; seven did not). In six studies, empathy was revealed to play an important role as the mediator between attachment security and prosocial behavior. The limitations and future recommendations were discussed.
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Lamcja, Flora. "The Attachment Relationship with the Mother and the Exploratory Behavior of the Children Aged 5-6." European Journal of Social Sciences Education and Research 5, no. 1 (December 30, 2015): 394. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejser.v5i1.p394-401.
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Attachmentis the formation process of the emotional and stable relationship between a mother and her child. This emotional relationship starts to grow since the first days of the child’s life. The healthy attachment of the child and his/her mother creates the most important bond in a way that the child can be safe, courageous and persistent in his /her behaviors. This study is supported by this kind of perception and it is conducted with children of the age 5-6. There is also presented information, quotes, researches and ideas from education and psychological field for this study. There also presented several behaviors with concrete facts, data, and different experiences from the research who involved a group of children of this age. The aim of this study consists in the fact which affects the child with his/her mother in his psychological formation and his exploratory behavior. The experiment through games was another way for the data collection of the exploratory behaviors of these children. After the collection of these data, their process was elaborated in order to have concrete conclusions for the study. Consequently, these data showed that the healthy attachment between a mother and her child affects positively in his/her social and psycho emotional formation. The relationship between a mother and her child plays a significant role in the multidimensional process of his/her formation. The attachment relationship determines the long-term impact on the psychological characteristics ofthe children by affecting their worldview and in their perception of social environments.
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Greenberg, Mark T., Matthew L. Speltz, and Michelle Deklyen. "The role of attachment in the early development of disruptive behavior problems." Development and Psychopathology 5, no. 1-2 (1993): 191–213. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s095457940000434x.
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AbstractThis paper presents information pertaining to attachment processes as risk factors in the development of disruptive behavior in young children. In recognition of the fact that attachment is not the only or necessarily most important risk factor in the prediction of behavior problems, attachment is considered in the context of other domains of variables, including child biologic factors, family ecology, and parental management and socialization practices. Within the attachment domain, we describe three complementary processes that may lead to disruptive behavior: the information-processing aspects of affective-cognitive structures, the function of observable attachment patterns, and the motivational consequences of attachment security. The indirect effects of maternal representations of attachment on child disruptive behavior are also considered. Examples of protypical risk factor combinations involving attachment and other domains are provided. The implications of the attachment perspective for research and clinical work with young disruptive children are discussed.
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Speltz, Matthew L., Mark T. Greenberg, and Michelle Deklyen. "Attachment in preschoolers with disruptive behavior: A comparison of clinic-referred and nonproblem children." Development and Psychopathology 2, no. 1 (January 1990): 31–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579400000572.
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AbstractThis study tested the hypothesis that preschool-aged children with significant externalizing behavior problems are more likely to have insecure attachment relationships than nonproblem peers, as measured by separation/ reunion behavior at the time of clinic referral. Fifty children (ages 3–6) and their mothers participated: 25 referred to a child psychiatry clinic for one of the DSM-III-R Disruptive Behavior Disorders, and 25 matched comparison children without behavior problems. Using two new attachment coding systems for children of this age, we found that 84% of the children in the clinic group were classified as insecure, whereas only 28% of the comparison group were so classified (p <.001). Clinic children were also found more frequently to protest their mother's departure and to search for her more often during the separation. The implications of these results for the validity of separation/reunion behavior as an index of attachment at this age are discussed, as well as the methodological and conceptual problems that complicate our study of the link between attachment and behavior disorder.
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Bizzi, F., R. Castellano, and D. Cavanna. "Continuity of attachment in children with disruptive behavior disorders and in their parents: A pilot study." European Psychiatry 33, S1 (March 2016): S345. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.1220.
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IntroductionThe quality of adult–infant attachment plays an essential role in influencing the children's well-being (Groh et al., 2012). Disruptive Behavior Disorders (DBD) has been found as particularly influenced by the presence of unavailability in the parental caregiving. It is widely attested that parents’ attachment states of mind predict the attachment patterns of their children. Nonetheless, the investigation of the attachment organization during the middle childhood shows inconsistent data. Moreover, a paucity of studies focused on the role of father's attachment in this period still remains.ObjectivesThis pilot study investigates the attachment patterns of children with DBD and those of their parents.AimsThe aims are to verify the presence of: (1) an over-representation of Disorganized attachment in these children; (2) an over-representation of Irresolution with respect to abuse or loss in one or both their parents.MethodsThe sample consists of 33 subjects: n = 11 children with DBD and n = 22 parents. The children completed the Child Attachment Interview (Shmueli-Goetz et al., 2000) and the parents completed the Adult Attachment Interview (George et al., 1985).ResultsFindings showed: (1) a significant presence of Disorganized attachment with respect to both parents in the children; (2) an over-representation of Insecure states of mind in their parents; (3) a more significant presence of Disorganization in the fathers than in the mothers.ConclusionThis focus on the topic of intergenerational transmission of attachment in a specific clinical sample enriches the research, underlining the more pronounced role of fathers’ attachment configuration.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
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Coleman, Anne M., and Allen Rand Coleman. "Effectiveness of Therapeutic Attachment Camps for Improving Behavior in Children with Reactive Attachment Disorder." Open Family Studies Journal 9, no. 1 (October 10, 2017): 132–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874922401709010132.
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Background:Early childhood attachment disruption manifests in disruptive, oppositional behavior and reduced ability for trusting intimate relationships. Chronic emotional disorder negatively affects the entire family system, making treatment difficult.Objective:The goal of the study was to assess a family therapeutic treatment program for children with Reactive Attachment Disorder (RAD) conducted through an intensive, one-week camp.Methods:Therapeutic camps included training for caregivers, support for siblings, behavioral interventions for children with RAD, and family therapy exercises. Camps were conducted across North America. Standardized behavioral health rating scales were used to evaluate outcomes.Results:Therapeutic Attachment Camp effectively reduced disruptive behaviors within a one week period and improved family mental health scores. Pretest to post-test scores on the Randolph Attachment Disorder Questionnaire showed significant change in a clinically positive direction. Behaviors specifically associated with attachment and conscience development improved, such as showing remorse or guilt, self-control, telling the truth and accepting parental direction. Child anxiety was observed to be less based on self-rating on the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Parent anxiety was significantly reduced based on the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Statistical effects were moderate to large.Conclusion:Results suggested that a treatment program addressing the needs of the entire family and combining attachment exercises with psychoeducation and structured parenting practice can be effective within a short time frame. Findings have implications for community and family mental health, and for developing culturally relevant treatments that integrate disciplines.
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O'Connor, Mary J., Nina Kogan, and Richard Findlay. "Prenatal Alcohol Exposure and Attachment Behavior in Children." Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research 26, no. 10 (October 2002): 1592–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1530-0277.2002.tb02460.x.
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Hnin, Hay Man, and Yeon Ha Kim. "The Mediating Role of Peer Attachment between Affective School Environment and Children’s Behavior Problems." Family and Environment Research 60, no. 4 (November 30, 2022): 497–505. http://dx.doi.org/10.6115/fer.2022.033.
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This study aims to examine the mediating role of peer attachment between affective school environments and the problematic behaviors of children using data from the Panel Study on Korean Children 10th wave (2017). Descriptive statistics, reliability analysis, correlation analysis, multiple regression analysis, Sobel test, and bootstrapping versification were performed using SPSS 28.0 and Process Macro 28.0. The results indicate that controlled and rigid school environments were negatively associated with peer attachment and positively associated with both internal and external behavior problems. Furthermore, peer attachment was negatively associated with both internal and external behavioral problems. Peer attachment completely mediated the link between affective school environments and internal behavioral problems, and partially mediated the link between affective school environments and external behavioral problems. These results show the important role of supportive and democratic school environments regarding peer attachment.
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Kungl, Melanie Tamara, Sandra Gabler, Ina Bovenschen, Katrin Lang, Janin Zimmermann, and Gottfried Spangler. "Attachment, dependency, and attachment-related behaviors in foster children: A closer look at the nature of the foster child–caregiver relationship." Developmental Child Welfare 1, no. 2 (May 6, 2019): 107–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2516103219845374.
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There is evidence that within the first year in the foster home, children are capable of forming secure attachment comparable to normative samples. However, less is known about the nature of these newly formed relationships and it has been claimed that they may serve different developmental functions as those to primary caregivers formed in the first year of life. The current study aimed to address this void by applying a behavioral system approach. The sample consisted of 46 children (aged 3–6), 16 of which were currently placed in foster care. Attachment security and dependency were assessed during a home visit using the Attachment Q-Sort. Furthermore, activation of several attachment-related behavioral systems was assessed during a stranger approach in a standardized laboratory setting. Compared to the control group, foster children showed equal levels of attachment security but highly increased dependency scores. Also, during the stranger approach, they showed increased attachment behaviors toward their foster mothers and, at the same time, increased looking behavior toward the stranger. The study points out the relevance of taking into account various attachment-related constructs when investigating formations to new attachment figures in out of home care. It further claims that increased dependency and proximity-seeking scores in foster children are characteristic of the newly formed relationship and a possible indicator of foster children’s adaption. Moreover, this behavior may even be highly beneficial to foster children’s socio-emotional development as it possibly serves important developmental functions.
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Al-Yagon, Michal, Dovrat Forte, and Lital Avrahami. "Executive Functions and Attachment Relationships in Children With ADHD: Links to Externalizing/Internalizing Problems, Social Skills, and Negative Mood Regulation." Journal of Attention Disorders 24, no. 13 (September 17, 2017): 1876–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1087054717730608.
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Objective: Theoretical models suggest multiple underlying pathways for ADHD and multiple risk factors’ co-occurrence as impairing this population’s affective, interpersonal, and behavioral adjustment. After comparing groups’ executive functioning (EF) difficulties and attachment security with each parent, this study primarily aimed to examine four risk factors (ADHD, child-father attachment, child-mother attachment, EF) as possibly explaining children’s socioemotional/behavioral measures (externalizing/internalizing behavior, social skills, negative mood regulation). Method: Participants were 100 children in Grades 5-6 (ages 11-12 years; M=11.45 years, SD=.50): 50 with formally diagnosed ADHD, and 50 with typical development (TD). Instruments were children’s self-report measures and teachers’ evaluation. Results: Significant group differences emerged on all EF measures and attachment relationships, and most socioemotional/behavioral measures. Findings demonstrated the significant contribution of children’s ADHD, parental attachments, and, partially, EF difficulties in explaining children’s socioemotional/behavioral adjustment. Conclusion: Children with ADHD, compared to children with TD, reported significantly larger EF deficits and a significantly higher incidence of insecure attachment to the father as well as a lower sense of trust and closeness to the mother. Outcomes highlighted the role of children’s four risk factors (ADHD, child-father attachment, child-mother attachment, EF) in explaining their socioemotional/behavioral adjustment. The EF deficits contributed only to intrapersonal maladjustment.
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Henriques, Brigite Micaela. "QUALIDADE DA VINCULAÇÃO E COMPORTAMENTO ANTISSOCIAL NA INFÂNCIA." International Journal of Developmental and Educational Psychology. Revista INFAD de Psicología. 1, no. 1 (September 10, 2016): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.17060/ijodaep.2014.n1.v1.347.
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Resumo.Os laços afectivos entre as crianças e os pais são considerados bastante relevantes para o desenvolvimento do comportamento pró-social e antissocial. Apesar das mudanças sociais, a família tem sido considerada como um factor decisivo no desenvolvimento de comportamentos disruptivos. A investigação tem procurado compreender se a qualidade da vinculação estabelecida com as figuras de vinculação está ou não associada a futuros comportamentos disruptivos das crianças. Este artigo assenta na revisão da literatura, cujo objectivo consiste sintetizar alguns dos estudos realizados, para a compreensão e explicação da relação entre a vinculação e os problemas de comportamento da criança.Palavras-chave: vinculação; comportamento antissocial.Abstract.The parent-child attachment is considered highly relevant to the development of prosocial and antisocial behavior. Even though the social changes, the family has been considered as a decisive factor in the development of disruptive behaviors. Research has sought to understand if the quality of the attachment established with the attachment figures (usually the parents) is or isn’t associated with future disruptive behaviour disorders in children. This article is a literature review, whose main purpose is to synthesize some of the studies, to understanding and explaining the relationship between attachment and behavior disorders in children.Keywords: attachment; antisocial behavior.
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Easterbrooks, M. Ann, Jean-Francois Bureau, and Karlen Lyons-Ruth. "Developmental correlates and predictors of emotional availability in mother–child interaction: A longitudinal study from infancy to middle childhood." Development and Psychopathology 24, no. 1 (January 31, 2012): 65–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579411000666.
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AbstractIn this investigation we examined the developmental correlates and predictors of maternal emotional availability in interactions with their 7-year-old children among a sample of families at psychosocial risk. We found developmental coherence in maternal interactive behavior, and in the relations between maternal emotional availability and children's functioning in middle childhood. Mothers and children were observed at home and in a laboratory playroom in infancy to assess maternal interactive behavior and child attachment security. When children were 7 years of age, dyads were observed in the lab; maternal emotional availability was coded using the Emotional Availability Scales, and children's disorganized and controlling attachment behavior was assessed. Classroom teachers reported on children's behavior problems; at age 8, children reported on their depressive symptoms. Results showed that aspects of maternal emotional availability (sensitivity, nonhostility, nonintrusiveness [passive/withdrawn behavior]) were associated with children's functioning in middle childhood: (a) controlling and disorganized attachment behavior, (b) behavior problems in school, and (c) self-reported depressive symptoms. Maternal emotional availability in childhood was predicted by early mother–infant relationship dysfunction (maternal hostility, disrupted communication, and infant attachment insecurity).
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Solomon, Judith, Carol George, and Annemieke De Jong. "Children classified as controlling at age six: Evidence of disorganized representational strategies and aggression at home and at school." Development and Psychopathology 7, no. 3 (1995): 447–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579400006623.
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AbstractThe purpose of this study was to determine whether children classified as controlling in attachment differ from children classified into the traditional Ainsworth attachment categories in their symbolic representations of attachment and level of behavior problems. Sixty-nine middle-class kindergarten children and their mothers participated in a laboratory separation and reunion. Children enacted doll-play stories about attachment-related themes. A four-group representation classification scheme was developed from the doll-play transcripts of 27 children. Mothers (n = 44) completed Achenbach's Child Behavior Checklist and teachers (n = 40) completed a 30-item inventory of classroom behavior. Results showed significant agreement between the representational system and Main and Cassidy's classification system (1988) for children's reunion behavior. The doll-play of controlling children was characterized by themes of catastrophe and helplessness or by complete inhibition of play and suggested disorganization of representational processes. Controlling children also were described by mothers and teachers as significantly more aggressive than other children. The results validate the distinction between the controlling and traditional classification groups and suggest that controlling children are at risk for behavioral maladaptation at home and at school.
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GANIBAN, JODY, DOUGLAS BARNETT, and DANTE CICCHETTI. "Negative reactivity and attachment: Down syndrome's contribution to the attachment–temperament debate." Development and Psychopathology 12, no. 1 (March 2000): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579400001012.
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This longitudinal study investigated the relation between negative reactivity and attachment in children with Down syndrome (DS). Specifically, we examined whether extremely low negative reactivity is associated with the enactment and organization of attachment behaviors. To address this issue 30 infants with DS (13 female, 17 male) were observed in Ainsworth's Strange Situation at 19 and 27 months. The intensity and duration of distress reactions were coded in 15-s intervals throughout each Strange Situation episode. Children's distress intensity during separations from caregivers was used to place children into Low versus Moderate/High Negative Reactivity groups. In addition, ratings of infants' social interactive behaviors (contact maintenance, proximity seeking, distance interaction, resistance, and avoidance) were made for each episode and used to assess the quality of infants' attachment relationships. The data indicated that there are high rates of Type A and D insecure attachments within the DS population at each age studied. However, low negative reactivity was not consistently related to the activation of the attachment behavioral system, or associated with insecure attachment relationships. Alternative explanations for the high rate of insecure attachments are discussed.
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Fagot, Beverly I., and Katherine C. Pears. "Changes in attachment during the third year: Consequences and predictions." Development and Psychopathology 8, no. 2 (1996): 325–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579400007124.
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AbstractCrittenden has proposed a system for classifying attachment during the preschool years. Ninety-six boys and girls were tested in the Strange Situation at 18 months and 30 months of age. Eighteen-month-olds were coded using the Ainsworth coding system, and the 30-month-olds were coded using Crittenden's preschool attachment coding system. When children changed classification categories, it was not random movement but was in accordance with Crittenden's predictions of reorganization of the child's capacities. Mothers and children were also observed in the home at 18 and 30 months of age, and children were observed in playgroups from 18 to 30 months of age. The children were rated by their teachers on problem behaviors and peer relations and given achievement tests at age 7 years. Parenting of the children and child behaviors at 30 months differed by attachment classification and predicted both children's performance on achievement tests and teacher reports of children's behavior at 7 years. The findings are discussed in terms of reorganization of working models of attachment on the basis of changing child competencies.
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Muhammad, Mahatir, Susilawati, and Tuti Kartika. "PENGARUH ATTACHMENT BASED FAMIY THERAPY (ABFT) TERHADAP PEMENUHAN KEBUTUHAN PSIKOLOGIS ANAK YANG MENGALAMI KETERLANTARAN DI DESA CIKOLE KECAMATAN LEMBANG KABUPATEN BANDUNG BARAT." PAPATUNG: Jurnal Ilmu Administrasi Publik, Pemerintahan dan Politik 4, no. 1 (February 17, 2021): 11–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.54783/japp.v4i1.355.
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This study aims to examine the influence of Attachment Based FamilyTherapy (ABFT) therapy toward the Efforts to Increasing Fulfillment of children Psychological Needs Who unattended.Parent's activities to build attachments by praising, accompanying, and caressing are focus of intervention in this research. The research approach is quantitative research using Single Subjeck Design (SSD). The research model used is A-B-A which occurs from three phases of the other. Phase A1 (baseline), Phase b (Intervention), and phase A2 (result). The instrument used is the behavior observation quotation sheet. Data collection techniques such as observations, interviews, questionnaires, documentation studies and recording of permanent products. The data obtained were analyzed by way of graph making, descriptive statistics, and visual inpection analysis. Visual inspection analysis consists of analysis under conditions and inter conditions. The result of the research shows that Attachment Based Family Theapy (ABFT) application is effective to improve the attachment to the parents so that it is effective in improving fulfilling the psychological needs of the children feel they are getting the counseling, feel protected and feel accompanied. Keywords: Attachment Based Family Therapy (ABFT), praise, accompany the children. The recommendation of this research is directed to social work to deal with the problem of children less getting Atttacment from their parents. For advanced research, it is suggested to symbolize the more flexible and flexible attachment in increasing the needs of the children.
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Bizzi, F. "Disruptive Behavior Disorders in Childhood and Adolescence: Attachment Models and Post-traumatic Symptomatology." European Psychiatry 41, S1 (April 2017): S124. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.1926.
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IntroductionIn line with a consistent literature, young patients with disruptive behavior disorders in childhood and adolescence have experienced some traumatic events, such as abuse, rejection and violence assisted. Recent studies are focusing the attention on the role of attachment and post-traumatic symptomatology for a better evaluation of this clinical condition.ObjectiveThis study investigates attachment models and post-traumatic symptomatology in young patients with disruptive behavior disorders.Aim(s)The following objectives are set by the present study: – to evaluate attachment models in a group of children diagnosed with disruptive behavior disorders;– to evaluate their post-traumatic symptomatology;– to test the extent of the association between post-traumatic symptomatology and attachment organization in young patients with disruptive behavior disorders.MethodForty-two Italian patients aged from 8 to 15 previously diagnosed with disruptive behavior disorders are compared to 42 healthy control subjects. We administer the child attachment interview and trauma symptom checklist for children-adolescent.ResultsInsecure attachment are found in more than half of the patients diagnosed with disruptive behavior disorders and disorganization are highly over-represented. Furthermore, low levels of post-traumatic symptoms are found in young patients with disruptive behavior disorders.ConclusionThis study suggests that attachment organization may be a fundamental element to be assessed in the evaluation of disruptive behavior disorders in children and adolescents. Nevertheless, traumatic experiences do not seem expressed through psychic symptoms. The clinical implications are discussed.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his/her declaration of competing interest.
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DEVITO, CRYSTAL, and JOYCE HOPKINS. "Attachment, parenting, and marital dissatisfaction as predictors of disruptive behavior in preschoolers." Development and Psychopathology 13, no. 2 (May 16, 2001): 215–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579401002024.
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The aim of this study was to examine if an insecure coercive attachment pattern is associated with disruptive behavior in preschoolers, as well as to examine the concurrent and joint effects of attachment pattern, marital dissatisfaction, and ineffective parenting practices on disruptive behavior. Participants included 60 preschoolers and their mothers, recruited from three sites to ensure an adequate range of disruptive behavior. The Preschool Assessment of Attachment (Crittenden, 1992) was used to measure attachment pattern. Results of an analysis of variance revealed that children in the coercively attached dyads scored significantly higher on the measure of disruptive behavior than either the defended or secure children. Results of a hierarchical regression analysis indicated that the combination of a coercive pattern of attachment, marital dissatisfaction, and permissive parenting practices accounted for a significant proportion of the variance in disruptive behavior in preschoolers. These data suggest that a specific type of insecure attachment, a coercive pattern, is associated with disruptive behavior in preschoolers. Also, the data are consistent with previous findings of associations among marital dissatisfaction, ineffective parenting practices, and disruptive behavior.
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Greenberg, Mark T., Matthew L. Speltz, Michelle DeKlyen, and Marya C. Endriga. "Attachment security in preschoolers with and without externalizing behavior problems: A replication." Development and Psychopathology 3, no. 4 (October 1991): 413–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579400007604.
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AbstractThis study attempted to replicate previous findings that indicated that preschool-aged children with significant externalizing problems are more likely to have insecure attachment relations than nonproblem peers (Speltz, Greenberg, & DeKlyen, 1990). Fifty children (ages 3–6) and their mothers participated; 25 referred to a child psychiatry clinic for one of the DSM-IIIR Disruptive Behavior Disorders, and 25 matched comparisons without externalizing behavior problems. Attachment was measured at the time of referral using two separation and reunion sequences in a clinic context. We found that 80% of the clinic-referred children were classified as insecure, whereas only 28% of the comparisons were so classified (p <.001). Further, a high percentage of clinic insecure children showed a controlling pattern of attachment. Thus, the present study, with improved methodological rigor, provided an almost exact replication to previous results. The discussion focuses on what contribution attachment research can provide to a developmental psychopathology perspective on early externalizing disorders.
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VONDRA, JOAN I., DANIEL S. SHAW, LAURE SWEARINGEN, MEREDITH COHEN, and ELIZABETH B. OWENS. "Attachment stability and emotional and behavioral regulation from infancy to preschool age." Development and Psychopathology 13, no. 1 (March 2001): 13–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s095457940100102x.
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Relations between attachment and child emotional and behavioral regulation were studied longitudinally in a sample of 223 children from urban, low-income families. Attachment in the Strange Situation at 12 and 18 months was scored using the infant classification system and at 24 months was scored using a preschool classification system. Only modest stability was found in attachment whether within or across classification systems, with the percentage of insecure attachments consistently increasing over time. Results indicated both concurrent and predictive associations with indices of child regulation based on observer ratings or maternal report. However, only the 24-month classification predicted maternal report of externalizing and internalizing behavior problems at age 3.5 years, with additional variance accounted for by selected measures of child emotional and behavior regulation from the same assessment. Attachment security (B) and atypical attachment classifications (D, A/C, and AD) appear to provide the most consistently useful information about child functioning. Results are discussed in terms of continuity and change from the perspective of developmental psychopathology.
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Henriques, Brigite Micaela. "QUALIDADE DA VINCULAÇÃO E COMPORTAMENTO ANTISSOCIAL NA INFÂNCIA." International Journal of Developmental and Educational Psychology. Revista INFAD de Psicología. 4, no. 1 (November 29, 2016): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.17060/ijodaep.2014.n1.v4.591.
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Abstract.The parent-child attachment is considered highly relevant to the development of prosocial and antisocial behavior. Even though the social changes, the family has been considered as a decisive factor in the development of disruptive behaviors. Research has sought to understand if the quality of the attachment established with the attachment figures (usually the parents) is or isn’t associated with future disruptive behaviour disorders in children. This article is a literature review, whose main purpose is to synthesize some of the studies, to understanding and explaining the relationship between attachment and behavior disorders in children.Keywords: attachment; antisocial behaviorResumo.Os laços afectivos entre as crianças e os pais são considerados bastante relevantes para o desenvolvimento do comportamento pró-social e antissocial. Apesar das mudanças sociais, a família tem sido considerada como um factor decisivo no desenvolvimento de comportamentos disruptivos. A investigação tem procurado compreender se a qualidade da vinculação estabelecida com as figuras de vinculação está ou não associada a futuros comportamentos disruptivos das crianças. Este artigo assenta na revisão da literatura, cujo objectivo consiste sintetizar alguns dos estudos realizados, para a compreensão e explicação da relação entre a vinculação e os problemas de comportamento da criança.Palavras-chave: vinculação; comportamento antissocial
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Bizzi, F. "Children with Somatic Symptoms Disorders and Disruptive Behavior Disorder: Which is the Role of Anger to Caregivers?" European Psychiatry 41, S1 (April 2017): S124. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.1925.
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IntroductionThe quality of adult-infant interactions represents a critical context in which child adaptation problems could evolve, and child psychopathology could develop. Literature has investigated the role of attachment to caregivers, nevertheless, there is a paucity of studies on middle-childhood and early adolescence in patients with somatic symptoms disorders and disruptive behavior disorders.ObjectiveThis study investigates the attachment to caregivers in children with somatic symptoms disorders and disruptive behavior disorders, focusing on the role of Anger to mothers and fathers.AimsThe aims are to verify the presence of: – high frequency of insecure attachment;– an overrepresentation of attachment disorganization;– high levels of Anger to caregivers.MethodFifty-six patients with somatic symptoms disorders, and 42 patients with disruptive behavior disorders, aged from 8 to 15, are administered the child attachment interview.ResultsFindings show: – Insecure attachment in more than half of the patients;– a significant presence of disorganized attachment with respect to both parents;– higher levels of anger to father in children with somatic symptoms disorders.ConclusionConsidering the attachment to have a regulatory function, the knowledge of the different attachment strategies in middle-childhood and early adolescence may enhance our understanding and improve the management and the treatment of patients with somatic symptoms disorders and disruptive behavior disorders.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his/her declaration of competing interest.
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Nyaboke, Nyambega Lilian, Stephen Asatsa, and Peter Koros. "Relationship between Attachment Styles and Delinquent Behaviour among Adolescents in Foster Care Centers in Nairobi Kenya." International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science 06, no. 09 (2022): 476–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.47772/ijriss.2022.6922.
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The purpose of this study was to examine attachment styles and delinquent behaviours of children brought up in foster care centers in Njiru Ward, Kasarani Sub-County, Nairobi County, Kenya. The study was guided by the following research questions: What are the attachment styles and delinquent behavior patterns among foster children in Njiru Ward? What is the relationship between attachment styles and delinquency among foster children in Njiru Ward, Kasarani Sub-County? This study was informed by the Attachment Theory, Sub-culture and differential opportunity theories. A descriptive cross-sectional survey research design was used in this study. The target population included 19 foster care centers in Njiru Ward, with a total population of 1,117 and a sample of 336 (318 children, caretakers, and 6 directors) was selected for the study. Proportionate random sampling technique was used to select the children whereas purposive sampling was used for selecting the caretakers and directors in the foster care centers. The data was collected using questionnaires. Quantitative and qualitative approaches of analysis were used in the study. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used in analysing quantitative data. The study established that there was a statistical significant relationship between attachment styles and delinquent behaviour among children in foster homes in Njiru Ward. The study recommends assessment of attachment styles in children with delinquent problems to aid in understanding and establishing holistic correctional measures.
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Astuti, Nining Dwi, and Fiki Febrian Dwi Prasetya. "Apakah Kelekatan Aman Antara Anak dan Orang Tua Bisa Mempengaruhi Perilaku Cyberbullying Pada Remaja?" PUBLIK: Publikasi Layanan Bimbingan dan Konseling Islam 1, no. 2 (June 24, 2022): 50–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.47945/publik.v1i2.733.
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This study aims to determine the relationship between secure attachment between children and parents and cyberbullying behavior in adolescents. The research sample was 182 adolescents registered at the Youth Counseling Information Center (PIK-R) Wonosobo District. The data collection method in this study used the cyberbullying scale, the safe attachment scale for children and parents. Data analysis using product moment correlation analysis. The results showed a negative relationship between secure attachment between children and parents and cyberbullying behavior, a correlation value of -0.694 (p<0.01) and the effective contribution of self-control and safe attachment between children and parents to predict cyberbullying in adolescents was 58.5% while the remaining 41.5% is influenced by other factors not examined in this study.
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Tanaś, Łukasz, and Olga Stępień. "Styl więzi, empatia i kody moralne jako predyktory postaw względem zachowań seksualnych okresu dzieciństwa." Psychologia Rozwojowa 25, no. 4 (2020): 45–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/20843879pr.20.026.13434.
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Attachment Style, Empathy and Moral Foundations as Predictors of Attitudes Towards Sexual Behavior during Childhood The study explores the structure of adult (N = 170, Mage = 30) beliefs regarding the sexuality of preschool children (Ratkowska-Pasikowska, Pasikowski, 2013). Furthermore it evaluates the probable predictors of these beliefs: avoidance and anxiety dimensions of attachment, moral foundations and the levels of cognitive and affective empathy. Results show a two-factor differentiation of beliefs regarding children’s sexuality. Adults make a distinction between intrusive behaviors, related to verbal aggression or potential violation of other people’s intimacy, and behaviors combining sexuality with curiosity and role-playing. The former category is generally less accepted than the latter. At the same time, higher level of cognitive empathy and a lower level of endorsement in the sphere of purity/sanctity as a foundation of moral evaluation, is a general predictor of higher acceptance of sexual behaviors in both categories. Higher level of attachment anxiety predicts a higher acceptance of intrusive sexual behaviors, and a higher level of attachment avoidance predicts a lower acceptance of such behaviors. These results are discussed within the context of their importance for the future studies on childhood sexuality with parents as the potential informants on behavior of their children.
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Ghezelseflo, Mehdi, Rezvanoosadat Jazayeri, Fatemeh Bahrami, and Rahmatollah Mohammadi Fesharaki. "The Role of Relational Maintenance Behavior and Attachment Styles in Predicting Marital Commitment." Asian Social Science 12, no. 9 (August 25, 2016): 223. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ass.v12n9p223.
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<p>Commitment to both spouse and the institution of marriage appears to be important to the success of a marriage. The aim of the present study is to examine the role of relational maintenance behavior and attachment styles in predicting marital commitment. The statistical population has been consisted of all the couples who had middle school children in Tehran city; so, 372 married people (233 women and 139 men) have been selected by multiple cluster sampling. The Relational maintenance behavior measure (RMSM), Adult attachment questionnaire (AAQ) and personal commitment subscale have been considered as the data collection tools. The results have shown that there is a significant positive relationship between assurance subscale, openness, conflict management, share task, positivity, advice and secure attachment style and marital commitment, and there is a significant negative relationship between avoidant and ambivalent attachment styles and marital commitment. Also multiple regression analysis has shown that the four subscales of relational maintenance behavior (assurance, openness, conflict management and positivity) and attachment styles (secure, avoidant and ambivalent) can predict the marital commitment (p <0.05). According to these findings, it can be concluded that relational maintenance behaviors and attachment styles affect the marital commitment and commitment to marital relationship among couples can be increased by training relationship maintenance behaviors and providing necessary trainings related to attachment styles for parents.</p>
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Seibert, Ashley C., and Kathryn A. Kerns. "Attachment figures in middle childhood." International Journal of Behavioral Development 33, no. 4 (May 6, 2009): 347–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0165025409103872.
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Previous research has focused on who the primary attachment figures are for children in middle childhood, but there has been relatively little research on other important people who may fulfill attachment needs. The goal of the study was to identify who children use as non-parental attachment figures and to examine whether children's use varies with certain child characteristics. Children 7—12 years of age completed an open-ended interview to identify attachment figures. This study suggests that children may, at times, direct secure base behavior towards peers, siblings, grandparents, and teachers. The study also shows that the identity and use of attachment figures may vary with certain child characteristics such as age, gender, and sibling status. Older siblings were more likely than younger siblings to be used as attachment figures, and older children were more likely than younger children to turn to peers to fulfill attachment needs.
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Granot, David. "Using Semi-Projective Doll Play Methods to Classify Middle Childhood Children Into Four Attachment Types: Types Associations With Distinctive Psychosocial Adaptation." Journal of Educational and Developmental Psychology 8, no. 2 (May 9, 2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jedp.v8n2p1.
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This research presents an adapted version of the Attachment Doll Story Completion Task for children in middle childhood (ADSCT for m-c), a measure for classifying children’s representations of mother-child attachment relationships into four attachment types: secure, avoidant, ambivalent, and disorganized. The ADSCT enables interviewers to partially circumvent the sophistication and defensiveness of middle childhood children's story completions. A sample of 185 children in the 4th and 5th grades, and 50 mothers of children from one 4th and one 5th grade class of that sample participated in the study. Children underwent the ADSCT for m-c procedure. Homeroom teachers, classmates, and the child reported on the children’s psychosocial adaptation. A sub-sample of the mothers completed measures of maternal caring attitudes and practices. Associations between the different attachment types and distinct forms of adaptation showed that secure attachment exhibited positive social relationships and a low level of psychosocial and behavior problems; disorganized attachment showed the poorest adaptation, manifested in psychosocial problems, behavior problems, social problem, aggressiveness, and victimization. Avoidant attachment exhibited social problems, peer rejection, behavior problems, and compulsive thought. And ambivalent attachment showed social vulnerability, and intermediate level of adaptation, between the better functioning of the securely attached and the problematic functioning of the insecurely attached. Concurrent validity of the ADSCT for m-c with maternal attitudes and practices, and discriminate validity with reference to key cognitive variables were good.
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Owino, Walter Odera, Newton Mukholwe Asakhulu, Jonathan Muema Mwania, and Rose Mwanza. "ATTACHMENT STYLES AND RISKY SEXUAL BEHAVIORS IN ADOLESCENTS." Problems of Education in the 21st Century 79, no. 6 (December 10, 2021): 928–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.33225/pec/21.79.928.
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Infection with sexually transmitted diseases and unwanted pregnancies are risks associated with adolescents’ risky sexual behavior. Mental models of attachment relationships influence behavior and may influence adolescents’ involvement in sexual activities that are risky. This study explored whether attachment styles predicted adolescents’ involvement in risky sexual behavior. A correlational study design was adopted with 367 students from public secondary schools in Nairobi County taking part in the study. The Attachment Styles Questionnaire and Risky Sexual Behavior Scale were used to collect data. Multiple regression analysis was used to determine whether secure, preoccupied, dismissing or fearful attachment styles predicted students’ risky sexual behavior. The study found that preoccupied attachment style and secure attachment style had predictive effects on risky sexual behavior. Preoccupied attachment style was predictive of greater involvement in risky sexual behavior whereas secure attachment style was predictive of less risky sexual behavior. It was evident based on the findings that secure attachment style was protective against risky sexual behavior whereas preoccupied attachment style created vulnerability to risky sexual behavior. It was recommended that special attention should be paid to adolescents with insecure attachment styles in guidance and counseling programs aimed at discouraging adolescents’ risky sexual behavior and parents/guardians should be encouraged to be more nurturing towards their children in order to encourage formation of secure attachment which was protective against risky sexual behavior. Keywords: attachment styles, attachment avoidance, attachment anxiety, secure attachment, risky sexual behavior
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Wibowo, Nurhida Rahmalia, and Supra Wimbarti. "The perception of attachment effect in parents and peers on aggressive behavior in male adolescents." Psikohumaniora: Jurnal Penelitian Psikologi 4, no. 1 (April 30, 2019): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.21580/pjpp.v4i1.3118.
Full textAbstract:
Interaction among children with their parents and peers has an important role in developing aggression in adolescents. Negative interaction can form children’s negative perception of attachment to their parents and peers. In turn, it facilitates adolescent’s negative schemes from childhood to adolescence. Negative scheme children are generally easy to get anxious, difficult to trust another person in interaction, and aggressive. This study aimed to examine the perceptions of attachment effect to their father, mother, and peer on male adolescents' aggressive behaviors. The subjects of this study were 31 adolescents aged 12-15 years old, who lived in PSMP Antasena in Magelang. They were selected through purposive sampling technique. The data were collected using aggressive behavior scale and modification of parents and peer attachment inventory. The method used for analyzing data was multiple regression. The results of the analysis showed that R=0.688, p<0.01, indicating that the perceptions of father, mother and peer attachment significantly can predict aggression in male adolescents.
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Bizzi, Fabiola, Anna Maria Della Vedova, Elena Prandi, Donatella Cavanna, and Paola Manfredi. "Attachment representations to parents and emotional-behavioral problems: A comparison between children with type 1 diabetes mellitus and healthy children in middle childhood." Clinical Child Psychology and Psychiatry 26, no. 2 (January 19, 2021): 393–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1359104520987871.
Full textAbstract:
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) is one of the most demanding chronic diseases for children and their families, since controlling diabetes involves a process of co-regulation with attachment figures. However, there is insufficient evidence in middle childhood on psychological mechanisms involved that might complicate the adaptation of these children. Therefore, 106 children ( N = 31 with T1D and N = 75 as matched healthy group [HG]) aged 8 to 13 were assessed using the Child Attachment Interview, the Child Behavior Checklist, and the measure of glycated hemoglobin. Results showed that insecure T1D children did not have worse diabetes control than the secure ones. However, T1D children differed from HG for higher levels of idealization to father and withdrawn/depressed problems. Moreover, T1D children with insecure attachment to mother scored significantly higher in anxious/depressed, withdrawn/depressed, attention problems, and rule-breaking behavior, while T1D children with insecure attachment to father scored significantly higher only in the withdrawn/depressed scale compared to the remaining children. Therefore, diabetes does not in itself determine a psychological vulnerability in middle childhood, but the presence of an insecure attachment, especially to the mother, worsens the psychological adaptation of T1D children. Psychological support should be provided for these young patients and their families.