Journal articles: 'Attachment-based interventions'

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Diamond, Gary M. "Attachment-based family therapy interventions." Psychotherapy 51, no. 1 (2014): 15–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0032689.

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Beckwith, Helen. "The handbook of attachment-based interventions." Journal of Reproductive and Infant Psychology 37, no. 2 (December 27, 2018): 219–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02646838.2018.1560399.

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Wright, Barry, and Elizabeth Edginton. "Evidence-Based Parenting Interventions to Promote Secure Attachment." Global Pediatric Health 3 (March 4, 2016): 2333794X1666188. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2333794x16661888.

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Woodhouse, Susan S. "Attachment-based interventions for families with young children." Journal of Clinical Psychology 74, no. 8 (May 21, 2018): 1296–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jclp.22640.

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Juffer, Femmie, Marinus H. van Ijzendoorn, and Marian J. Bakermans-Kranenburg. "Intervention in Transmission of Insecure Attachment: A Case Study." Psychological Reports 80, no. 2 (April 1997): 531–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1997.80.2.531.

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Several attachment-based intervention studies have been performed, with varying success. An important question is whether short-term interventions can be successful in promoting parental sensitivity and security of infant-parent attachment as well as in changing parental representations of attachment. We investigated this issue in an exploratory way in a case study. A short-term home-based intervention with written material and video feedback, which was effective regarding parental sensitivity and infant security in a former study, was provided a parent who revealed an insecure attachment representation in the Adult Attachment Interview. The intervention sessions were expanded with discussions about past and present experiences of attachment. After four intervention sessions the mother's behavior towards her child was rated as more sensitive than before the intervention. Also, the infant-mother attachment, as observed in the Strange Situation, appeared to be more secure. Nevertheless, in a second Adult Attachment Interview administered after the intervention, the mother showed again an insecure representation of attachment. Possible implications of these results are discussed.

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Kindsvatter, Aaron, and Kimberly J. Desmond. "Addressing Parent-Child Conflict: Attachment-Based Interventions With Parents." Journal of Counseling & Development 91, no. 1 (January 2013): 105–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1556-6676.2013.00078.x.

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Facompré, Christopher R., Kristin Bernard, and Theodore E. A. Waters. "Effectiveness of interventions in preventing disorganized attachment: A meta-analysis." Development and Psychopathology 30, no. 1 (April 11, 2017): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579417000426.

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AbstractDisorganized attachment is associated with a host of negative developmental outcomes, leading to a growing interest in preventative interventions targeting the attachment relationship in infancy. The objective of this meta-analysis was to assess the effectiveness of interventions that aimed to prevent or reduce rates of disorganization among children at risk. We performed a literature search using PsycINFO, MEDLINE, and ProQuest databases for studies published between January 1989 and August 2016. All 16 studies (N= 1,360) included a control condition and reported postintervention rates of organized and disorganized attachments assessed by the Strange Situation Procedure. Results showed that, overall, interventions were effective in increasing rates of organized attachment compared to control conditions (d= 0.35, 95% CI [0.10–0.61]). Moderator analyses demonstrated that interventions were more effective (a) in more recently published studies than in older studies, (b) for maltreated samples than nonmaltreated samples, and (c) as children increased in age. These results have important implications for future development, tailoring, and implementation of attachment-based intervention programs.

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van der Voort, Anja, Femmie Juffer, and Marian J. Bakermans-Kranenburg. "Sensitive parenting is the foundation for secure attachment relationships and positive social-emotional development of children." Journal of Children's Services 9, no. 2 (June 10, 2014): 165–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jcs-12-2013-0038.

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Purpose – The quality of the attachment relationship between children and their parents is important for children's social-emotional development and can have profound consequences for adaptational processes in later life. The purpose of this paper is to give an overview of the current knowledge about sensitive parenting and its role in affecting infants’ attachment security, and developmental outcomes of attachment. The authors end with a brief discussion of evidence-based interventions aimed at improving sensitive parenting and the attachment relationship between children and parents. Design/methodology/approach – The authors refer to meta-analyses as quantitative reviews in which all available studies conducted on a particular subject (such as maternal sensitivity and attachment) are included. Findings – The authors conclude that numerous empirical studies and meta-analyses have confirmed the importance of sensitive parenting and attachment security for children's social-emotional development, providing a robust evidence base for translation, implementation, and intervention in practice. Originality/value – This paper gives an overview of the current knowledge about attachment security, the role of sensitive parenting and the developmental outcomes of attachment, and provides a brief discussion of attachment-based interventions.

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Salinas-Quiroz, Fernando, and Germán Posada. "MBQS: Evaluation method for attachment-based interventions in early childhood." Revista latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales, Niñez y Juventud 13, no. 2 (July 31, 2015): 1051–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.11600/1692715x.13235280514.

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West, Malcolm, Adreenne Sheldon, and Linda Redtfer. "Attachment Theory and Brief Psychotherapy: Applying Current Research to Clinical Interventions." Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 34, no. 5 (June 1989): 369–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/070674378903400503.

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Recent advances in attachment research provide a framework for defining the content and process of brief psychotherapy with adults. Attachment theory emphasizes a number of issues crucial to therapeutic work. Specifically, attachment relationships are enduring components of a individual's pattern of interpersonal behaviours. Functionally, attachment relationships address security needs. Insecure attachment arises from a representational model based on feared loss of the attachment figure, which predisposes the individual to have little confidence in the attachment figure's availability, responsiveness, and permanence. Behavioural responses to insecure attachment can lead to specific patterns of interpersonal relationships which, in turn, strengthen the representational model. Thus, a relatively stable, self-reinforcing system evolves and results in a consistent inability to experience security within attachment relationships. In this article, the authors describe the current framework for understanding adult attachment relationships and present clinical vignettes illustrating the saliency of attachment theory to common clinical presentations. The goal of the clinical intervention is defined as increasing the “permeability” of the individual's working model of attachment through affective and cognitive re-assessment of attachment experiences and expectations. Finally, the utility of this approach in evaluating the outcome and effectiveness of psychotherapy is highlighted.

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Kim, Soo-Yeon, and Ah Rim Kim. "Attachment- and Relationship-Based Interventions during NICU Hospitalization for Families with Preterm/Low-Birth Weight Infants: A Systematic Review of RCT Data." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 3 (January 20, 2022): 1126. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19031126.

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This study conducts a systematic review and meta-analysis of the randomized-controlled clinical trials (RCTs) of attachment- and relationship-based interventions in the NICU. A systematic search of the PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase (OVID), PsycINFO, and CINAHL databases and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews was conducted in February 2021. Of the 32,904 studies examined, 15 were identified as relevant, and 10 RCTs were eligible for meta-analysis. Cochrane’s risk of bias tool was used to assess the quality of the trial reporting. Interventions were categorized as (1) parent–infant interactions, (2) parent education, and/or (3) support through qualitative synthesis. The attachment- or relationship-based intervention was effective in relieving maternal traumatic stress, maternal depression, infant weight growth, and infant development. Subgroup analyses suggested that interventions significantly improved sub-domains of mothers’ and children’s interactive behavior. Tailored, staged interventions may contribute to better health outcomes in preterm infants and their families.

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Clements, Wendy, Larry D. Williams, Tyrone David, and S. Lavi Wilson. "Childhood Trauma and Effective Empirically Based Interventions." Journal of Psychology & Behavior Research 1, no. 1 (May 17, 2019): p45. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/jpbr.v1n1p45.

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Trauma affects many children in various ways globally. According to SAMHSA (2017), the “occurrence of child trauma is very prevalent, and 75% of children reported experiencing at least one traumatic event by age 16”. Traumatic events consist of “psychological, physical, or sexual abuse; community or school violence; witnessing or experiencing domestic violence; national disasters or terrorism; commercial sexual exploitation; sudden or violent loss of a loved one; refugee or war experiences; military family-related stressors; physical or sexual assault; neglect; and serious accidents or life-threatening illness” (SAMHSA, 2017). This literature review evaluates three different attachment-based, trauma-informed interventions for young children 0-7 years of age which are: Attachment and Bio-Behavioral Catchup (ABC), Child-Parent Psychotherapy (CPP), and Parent-Child Interaction Therapy (PCIT). Throughout this review, childhood trauma will be defined, and the current occurrence rates will be discussed. Furthermore, the descriptions of the above therapies, clinical trials, and research findings will be examined, and a discussion of the literature review findings will follow.

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Wilson, Shanika Lavi. "Childhood trauma and Effective Empirically Based Interventions." Matters of Behaviour 10, no. 11 (July 20, 2019): 17–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.26455/mob.v10i11.70.

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Trauma affects many children in various ways globally. According to SAMHSA (2017), the “occurrence of child trauma is very prevalent, and 75% of children reported experiencing at least one traumatic event by age 16”. Traumatic events consist of “psychological, physical, or sexual abuse; community or school violence; witnessing or experiencing domestic violence; national disasters or terrorism; commercial sexual exploitation; sudden or violent loss of a loved one; refugee or war experiences; military family-related stressors; physical or sexual assault; neglect; and serious accidents or life-threatening illness” (SAMHSA, 2017). This literature review evaluates three different attachment-based, trauma-informed interventions for young children 0 - 7 years of age which are: Attachment and BioBehavioural Catchup (ABC), Child-Parent Psychotherapy (CPP), and Parent-Child Interaction Therapy (PCIT). Throughout this review, childhood trauma will be defined, and the current occurrence rates will be discussed. Furthermore, the descriptions of the above therapies, clinical trials, and research findings will be examined, and a discussion of the literature review findings will follow.

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Rose, Jenny, and Bryn O’Reilly. "A systematic review of attachment-based psychotherapeutic interventions for adopted children." Early Child Development and Care 187, no. 12 (July 15, 2016): 1844–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03004430.2016.1204608.

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Kennedy, Hilary, Miriam Landor, and Liz Todd. "Video Interaction Guidance as a method to promote secure attachment." Educational and Child Psychology 27, no. 3 (2010): 59–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.53841/bpsecp.2010.27.3.59.

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This paper discusses Video Interaction Guidance (VIG) as a highly effective intervention to help develop secure attachment between parents and young children. What is important in bringing about change is shown to be a focus not on the behaviours of child or infant by themselves, or on the parent’s internal understanding or representation of attachment, but rather on the interactional relationship between them. Theoretical ideas underlying both VIG and attachment theory are drawn upon to explain this. Research evidence relating to interventions that focus on concerns of attachment, that are relationship-based, or that focus on parent sensitivity or video feedback, and those looking at the effectiveness of VIG itself, are discussed. A tentative conclusion is drawn from a pilot study that VIG has been successful in increasing maternal sensitivity as measured by the CARE-Index when compared with a control group (Robertson & Kennedy, 2009). It is proposed that VIG is a sensitivity-focused intervention where the underlying theory of ‘intersubjectivity’ permeates the method at every level, from the selection of clips of attuned interaction, and the therapeutic learning process in the shared review, to the supervision of guiders delivering the intervention.‘Considered developmentally, the field of interventions to enhance early attachments might be viewed as adolescent.’(Berlin, 2007, p.25)

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Klein Velderman, Mariska, Marian J. Bakermans-Kranenburg, Femmie Juffer, and Marinus H. van IJzendoorn. "Effects of attachment-based interventions on maternal sensitivity and infant attachment: Differential susceptibility of highly reactive infants." Journal of Family Psychology 20, no. 2 (June 2006): 266–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0893-3200.20.2.266.

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Itskovich, Galina. "Infant and Parent Mental Health: developmental trajectory as a communal concern." Mental Health: Global Challenges Journal 1, no. 1 (March 3, 2019): 29–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.32437/mhgcj.v1i1.14.

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This article covers recent research in the field in the context of lifelong growth and mastering developmental milestones. It denotes intrinsic connection between parental and child’s psychological well being, including patterns of early attachment. There is also well documented connection between deviations in early attachment and consequent adult functioning. “The bigger picture” approach based on the DIR method is proposed as one of the crucial components of mitigating early trauma. It includes comprehensive multidisciplinary diagnosis, parent education and play interventions based on immediate interests, needs and resources of the family. It targets all areas of development and builds foundation for the emergence and maintenance of healthy attachment. Other successful approaches, implications for clinical work and social organization of early intervention services are also discussed.

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Wright, Barry, Melissa Barry, Ellen Hughes, Dominic Trépel, Shehzad Ali, Victoria Allgar, Lucy Cottrill, et al. "Clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of parenting interventions for children with severe attachment problems: a systematic review and meta-analysis." Health Technology Assessment 19, no. 52 (July 2015): 1–348. http://dx.doi.org/10.3310/hta19520.

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Background and objectivesServices have variable practices for identifying and providing interventions for ‘severe attachment problems’ (disorganised attachment patterns and attachment disorders). Several government reports have highlighted the need for better parenting interventions in at-risk groups. This report was commissioned to evaluate the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of parenting interventions for children with severe attachment problems (the main review). One supplementary review explored the evaluation of assessment tools and a second reviewed 10-year outcome data to better inform health economic aspects of the main review.Data sourcesA total of 29 electronic databases were searched with additional mechanisms for identifying a wide pool of references using the Cochrane methodology. Examples of databases searched include PsycINFO (1806 to January week 1, 2012), MEDLINE and MEDLINE In-Process & Other Non-Indexed Citations (1946 to December week 4, 2011) and EMBASE (1974 to week 1, 2012). Searches were carried out between 6 and 12 January 2012.Review methodsPapers identified were screened and data were extracted by two independent reviewers, with disagreements arbitrated by a third independent reviewer. Quality assessment tools were used, including quality assessment of diagnostic accuracy studies – version 2 and the Cochrane risk of bias tool. Meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of parenting interventions was undertaken. A health economics analysis was conducted.ResultsThe initial search returned 10,167 citations. This yielded 29 RCTs in the main review of parenting interventions to improve attachment patterns, and one involving children with reactive attachment disorder. A meta-analysis of eight studies seeking to improve outcome in at-risk populations showed statistically significant improvement in disorganised attachment. The interventions saw less disorganised attachment at outcome than the control (odds ratio 0.47, 95% confidence interval 0.34 to 0.65;p < 0.00001). Much of this focused around interventions improving maternal sensitivity, with or without video feedback. In our first supplementary review, 35 papers evaluated an attachment assessment tool demonstrating validity or psychometric data. Only five reported test–retest data. Twenty-six studies reported inter-rater reliability, with 24 reporting a level of 0.7 or above. Cronbach’s alphas were reported in 12 studies for the comparative tests (11 with α > 0.7) and four studies for the reference tests (four with α > 0.7). Three carried out concurrent validity comparing the Strange Situation Procedure (SSP) with another assessment tool. These had good sensitivity but poor specificity. The Disturbances of Attachment Interview had good sensitivity and specificity with the research diagnostic criteria (RDC) for attachment disorders. In our supplementary review of 10-year outcomes in cohorts using a baseline reference standard, two studies were found with disorganised attachment at baseline, with one finding raised psychopathology in adolescence. Budget impact analysis of costs was estimated because a decision model could not be justifiably populated. This, alongside other findings, informed research priorities.LimitationsThere are relatively few UK-based clinical trials. A 10-year follow-up, while necessary for our health economists for long-term sequelae, yielded a limited number of papers.ConclusionsMaternal sensitivity interventions show good outcomes in at-risk populations, but require further research with complex children. The SSP and RDC for attachment disorders remain the reference standards for identification until more concurrent and predictive validity research is conducted. A birth cohort with sequential attachment measures and outcomes across different domains is recommended with further, methodologically sound randomised controlled intervention trials. The main area identified for future work was a need for good-quality RCTs in at-risk groups such as those entering foster care or adoption.Study registrationThis study is registered as PROSPERO CRD42011001395.FundingThe National Institute for Health Research Health Technology Assessment programme.

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Apolinário-Hagen, Jennifer, Mathias Harrer, Fanny Kählke, Lara Fritsche, Christel Salewski, and David Daniel Ebert. "Public Attitudes Toward Guided Internet-Based Therapies: Web-Based Survey Study." JMIR Mental Health 5, no. 2 (May 15, 2018): e10735. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/10735.

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Background Internet interventions have been proposed to improve the accessibility and use of evidence-based psychological treatments. However, little is known about attitudes toward such treatments, which can be an important barrier to their use. Objective This study aimed to (1) determine attitudes toward guided internet interventions, (2) assess its acceptability compared with other internet-based formats, and (3) explore predictors of acceptance. Methods A convenience-sample Web-based survey (N=646) assessed attitudes toward guided internet therapies (ie, perceived usefulness and helpfulness, and advantage relative to face-to-face therapy), preferences for delivery modes (ie, e-preference: guided internet interventions, unguided internet interventions, or videoconferencing psychotherapy), and potential predictors of attitudes and preferences: sociodemographics, help-seeking–related variables, attachment style, and perceived stress. Results Although most participants perceived internet interventions as useful or helpful (426/646, 65.9%), a few indicated their advantage relative to face-to-face therapy (56/646, 8.7%). Most participants preferred guided internet interventions (252/646, 39.0%) over videoconferencing psychotherapy (147/646, 22.8%), unguided internet interventions (124/646, 19.2%), and not using internet interventions (121/646, 18.8%; missing data: 1/646, 0.2%). Attachment avoidance and stress were related to e-preference (all P<.05). Moreover, preference for therapist-guided internet interventions was higher for individuals who were aware of internet-based treatment (χ26=12.8; P=.046). Conclusions Participants assessed therapist-guided internet interventions as helpful, but not equivalent to face-to-face therapies. The vast majority (523/646, 81.0%) of the participants were potentially willing to use internet-based approaches. In lieu of providing patients with only one specific low-intensity treatment, implementation concepts should offer several options, including guided internet interventions, but not limited to them. Conversely, our results also indicate that efforts should focus on increasing public knowledge about internet interventions, including information about their effectiveness, to promote acceptance and uptake.

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Gregory, Mary, Lee Kannis‐Dymand, and Rachael Sharman. "A review of attachment‐based parenting interventions: Recent advances and future considerations." Australian Journal of Psychology 72, no. 2 (September 13, 2019): 109–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ajpy.12270.

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Barnes, Christopher, and Elvidina N. Adamson-Macedo. "Understanding the impact of newborn touch upon mothers of hospitalized preterm neonates." Journal of Human Growth and Development 32, no. 2 (June 23, 2022): 294–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.36311/jhgd.v32.13322.

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Introduction: Many interventions have been designed to support the development of the preterm baby and minimise the complications of prematurity. However, there is limited evidence of the possible psychological benefits of touch to the mother when she is the one performing the support programme during the hospitalisation of her newborn. Objective: This study explored whether the type of touch provided to preterm neonates had an impact on maternal self-efficacy, self-esteem and maternal-to-infant attachment, as-well-as newborn weight gain. Methods: Using a randomised cluster trial, forty babies and their mothers were allocated to one of two groups receiving either a touch-based intervention (TAC-TIC; Touching And Caressing; Tender In Caring) or spontaneous touch. Results: Mothers who provided the touch-based intervention demonstrated greater increases in self-efficacy, self-esteem and attachment, and babies gained more weight than those using spontaneous touch. Conclusion: The results indicate that systematic touch interventions may be used to facilitate the mother-baby relationship as well as to promote newborn weight gain.

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Svanberg, P. O., Lisa Mennet, and Susan Spieker. "Promoting a secure attachment: A primary prevention practice model." Clinical Child Psychology and Psychiatry 15, no. 3 (July 2010): 363–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1359104510367584.

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It is increasingly recognized that early sensitive care-giving predicts a secure attachment in infancy and early childhood.This preliminary report details the development, implementation and evaluation of a clinical programme that used a targeted prevention approach following a universally-offered screening of parent—infant interactions. The CARE-Index was used to assign dyads to low, medium and high risk groups, and interventions — featuring reflective videotape-based feedback — were tailored to each risk group in order to increase maternal sensitivity and improve infant attachment status. Results showed improved maternal sensitivity in the intervention conditions compared to comparisons. In addition, infants in the intervention conditions were significantly more likely to be classified as secure, and significantly less likely to be classified as having DMM complex attachment strategies. Methodological shortcomings, however, mean that these findings should be regarded as tentative.

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Baim, Clark Michael. "Applying the Dynamic-Maturational Model of Attachment and Adaptation in criminal justice interventions." Probation Journal 67, no. 1 (January 21, 2020): 26–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0264550519900236.

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This article describes how contemporary attachment theory can support accurate assessment and effective intervention in criminal justice contexts. I offer an introduction to Crittenden’s Dynamic-Maturational Model (DMM) of Attachment and Adaptation and explain why this well-evidenced model is especially relevant to criminal justice interventions. The DMM is a biopsychosocial model, informed by neurodevelopmental research, and as such it offers a developmental understanding of the wide range of adaptations used by people who are endangered or endangering to others. It is a strengths-based, non-labelling and non-pathologising model which conceptualises adaptations to danger as self-protective strategies that promote survival in their original context, but which may later lead to problematic, dangerous, or self-defeating behaviour.

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Charest, Florence, Martine Hébert, Annie Bernier, Rachel Langevin, and Raphaële Miljkovitch. "Behavior problems in sexually abused preschoolers over a 1-year period: The mediating role of attachment representations." Development and Psychopathology 31, no. 02 (April 23, 2018): 471–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579418000226.

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AbstractAccording to the developmental psychopathology framework, adverse childhood experiences, including child sexual abuse (CSA), may alter the course of normal development in children. Attachment security has been identified as a protective factor against psychopathology and may thus play a critical role in predicting victims’ adaptation. The main objective of the present study was to investigate the mediating effect of attachment representations in the relation between CSA and behavior problems over a 1-year period. The sample consisted of 391 children (251 sexually abused) aged 3.5 to 6 years. The Attachment Story Completion Task and the Child Behavior Checklist were used. Disorganized attachment partially mediated the relation between CSA and children's internalizing and externalizing behavior problems 1 year following the initial assessment. This mediation effect was not found for ambivalent nor secure attachment dimensions. Child gender was found to moderate the association between CSA and disorganization, with larger effects of CSA among boys. These findings underscore the importance of considering attachment representations in treatment programs for preschool victims. Evidence-based practice focusing on trauma could be combined with an attachment-based intervention targeting the parent–child relationship. Moreover, interventions should be gender sensitive, as CSA appears to affect boys and girls differently.

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Dubois-Comtois, Karine, Chantal Cyr, George M. Tarabulsy, Diane St-Laurent, Annie Bernier, and Ellen Moss. "Testing the limits: Extending attachment-based intervention effects to infant cognitive outcome and parental stress." Development and Psychopathology 29, no. 2 (April 12, 2017): 565–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579417000189.

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AbstractUsing a sample of 41 infants and toddlers (21 interventions, 20 controls) who were neglected or at serious risk for neglect, this randomized clinical trial examined the efficacy of a parent–child attachment-based video-feedback intervention on parental sensitivity, parental stress, and child mental/psychomotor development. Results showed that following the 8-week intervention, scores for maternal sensitivity and child mental and psychomotor development were higher in the intervention group than in the control group. The intervention appears to have no effect on self-reports of stress. All parents report lower levels of stress postintervention; however, when defensive responding is not considered (i.e., extremely low score of parental stress), parents in the control group report somewhat lower scores, raising questions as to the significance of this finding. Considering the small nature of our sample, replication of the present results is needed. Nevertheless, the present findings contribute to the burgeoning literature suggesting that the early attachment relationship provides an important context that influences developmental outcome in different spheres and raises questions as to how such intervention strategies may or may not affect the subjective experience of parenting.

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Røhder, Katrine, Anne Kristine Aarestrup, Mette Skovgaard Væver, Rikke Kart Jacobsen, and Michaela L. Schiøtz. "Efficacy of a randomized controlled trial of a perinatal adaptation of COS-P in promoting maternal sensitivity and mental wellbeing among women with psychosocial vulnerabilities." PLOS ONE 17, no. 12 (December 1, 2022): e0277345. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0277345.

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Pregnant women with psychosocial vulnerabilities should be offered perinatal interventions that include a parenting component to ameliorate the potential negative effects of maternal mental health problems and/or poor social network on parenting. One such intervention program is the Circle of Security–Parenting intervention (COS-P). The COS-P is a manualized video-based intervention that based on attachment theory seek to enhance maternal sensitivity and decrease the risk on insecure and disorganized attachment. We carried out a randomized controlled trial examining the efficacy of a perinatal adapted version of COS-P for women with psychosocial vulnerabilities (e.g. histories of mental health problems and/or poor social networks). Eligible participants (N = 78) were recruited to the study by midwives during regular prenatal sessions. Interventions were delivered individually at home by trained health nurses both pre and post birth. The primary outcome was maternal sensitivity assessed with the Coding Interactive Behavior Manual by blinded coders from video-recordings of mother-infant free play interactions. Secondary outcomes were mother-reported depressive symptoms, parental reflective functioning, parental stress, infant socio-emotional functioning, and maternal wellbeing. All outcomes were assessed at nine months infant age. We did not find an effect of the intervention on the primary outcome of maternal sensitivity (β = -0.08; 95% CI [-0.41, 0.26], p = .66). Neither did we find intervention effects on the secondary outcomes of depressive symptoms, parental reflective functioning, maternal well-being, or infant socio-emotional functioning. We did however find that the intervention decreased parental stress (β = -8.51; 95% CI [-16.6;-0.41], p = .04). The results are discussed in light of existing findings on the effect of COS-P and sample heterogeneity. Furthermore, we discuss the challenges of adapting the COS-P for pregnant women, some without prior experiences with caregiving. Future research with larger at-risk samples examining moderation factors (e.g. adult attachment, depression maternal-fetal attachment) are recommended.

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Bikic, Aida, Johanne Smith-Nielsen, Søren Dalsgaard, James Swain, Peter Fonagy, and James F. Leckman. "Protocol for a randomized controlled trial comparing the Circle of Security-parenting (COS-P) with treatment as usual in child mental health services." PLOS ONE 17, no. 4 (April 26, 2022): e0265676. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0265676.

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Background The quality of a child’s attachment to its primary caregiver plays an important role for its long-term socioemotional development. While ‘secure’ attachment is associated with better outcomes, ‘insecure’ attachment is associated with a higher risk of externalizing and internalizing symptoms. Children referred to mental health services show much higher rates of insecure attachment than the general population, yet the parent-child relationship is rarely in treatment focus. Attachment quality is closely associated with parental sensitive responsiveness that is target of attachment-based interventions like Circle of Security (COS). COS has shown to improve attachment quality and the well-being of both children and parents. No randomized controlled trials have investigated the effect of COS on parental sensitivity and child psychiatric symptoms in child mental health services. Objectives To investigate whether COS-Parenting (COS-P) can increase observed maternal sensitivity and decrease children’s psychiatric symptoms as an add on to treatment as usual (TAU). Methods In a randomized controlled parallel superiority trial COS-P is compared with TAU for parents of children referred to child mental health services (n = 186). Families are randomized 2:1 to intervention or control group, if their child is between 3 and 8 years old and scores ≥ 93d percentile on both the CBCL total score and the oppositional defiant disorder or conduct disorder subscale. Primary outcome is maternal sensitivity, secondary and exploratory outcomes include, among others, child psychiatric symptoms, parental stress and coping with children’s negative emotions. Outcomes and adverse events are assessed before (T0) and after 10 weeks of treatment (T1) and 6 months later (T2). Regression analysis and /or ANOVA will be used for all outcomes. Perspectives Targeting the parent-child relation has the potential to reduce psychiatric symptoms in children. This trial will provide valuable information if attachment-based interventions like COS-P can enhance treatment as usual in child mental health services. Trail registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03578016.

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Bikic, Aida, Johanne Smith-Nielsen, Søren Dalsgaard, James Swain, Peter Fonagy, and James F. Leckman. "Protocol for a randomized controlled trial comparing the Circle of Security-parenting (COS-P) with treatment as usual in child mental health services." PLOS ONE 17, no. 4 (April 26, 2022): e0265676. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0265676.

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Background The quality of a child’s attachment to its primary caregiver plays an important role for its long-term socioemotional development. While ‘secure’ attachment is associated with better outcomes, ‘insecure’ attachment is associated with a higher risk of externalizing and internalizing symptoms. Children referred to mental health services show much higher rates of insecure attachment than the general population, yet the parent-child relationship is rarely in treatment focus. Attachment quality is closely associated with parental sensitive responsiveness that is target of attachment-based interventions like Circle of Security (COS). COS has shown to improve attachment quality and the well-being of both children and parents. No randomized controlled trials have investigated the effect of COS on parental sensitivity and child psychiatric symptoms in child mental health services. Objectives To investigate whether COS-Parenting (COS-P) can increase observed maternal sensitivity and decrease children’s psychiatric symptoms as an add on to treatment as usual (TAU). Methods In a randomized controlled parallel superiority trial COS-P is compared with TAU for parents of children referred to child mental health services (n = 186). Families are randomized 2:1 to intervention or control group, if their child is between 3 and 8 years old and scores ≥ 93d percentile on both the CBCL total score and the oppositional defiant disorder or conduct disorder subscale. Primary outcome is maternal sensitivity, secondary and exploratory outcomes include, among others, child psychiatric symptoms, parental stress and coping with children’s negative emotions. Outcomes and adverse events are assessed before (T0) and after 10 weeks of treatment (T1) and 6 months later (T2). Regression analysis and /or ANOVA will be used for all outcomes. Perspectives Targeting the parent-child relation has the potential to reduce psychiatric symptoms in children. This trial will provide valuable information if attachment-based interventions like COS-P can enhance treatment as usual in child mental health services. Trail registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03578016.

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Blakely, Thomas J., and Gregory M. Dziadosz. "Attachment Theory and Neuroscience for Care Managers." Care Management Journals 17, no. 3 (September 2016): 129–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/1521-0987.17.3.129.

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This article describes a model for care managers that is based on attachment theory supplemented by knowledge from neuroscience. Together, attachment theory and basic knowledge from neuroscience provide for both an organizing conceptual framework and a scientific, measureable approach to assessment and planning interventions in a care plan.

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Tsvieli, Noa, and Gary M. Diamond. "Therapist interventions and emotional processing in attachment-based family therapy for unresolved anger." Psychotherapy 55, no. 3 (September 2018): 289–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/pst0000158.

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Wong, Josephine Y. "Understanding and Utilizing Parallel Processes of Social Interaction for Attachment-based Parenting Interventions." Clinical Social Work Journal 37, no. 2 (April 23, 2008): 163–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10615-008-0155-3.

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Juffer, Femmie, and Miriam Steele. "What words cannot say: the telling story of video in attachment-based interventions." Attachment & Human Development 16, no. 4 (June 27, 2014): 307–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14616734.2014.912484.

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Steele, Miriam, Howard Steele, Jordan Bate, Hannah Knafo, Michael Kinsey, Karen Bonuck, Paul Meisner, and Anne Murphy. "Looking from the outside in: the use of video in attachment-based interventions." Attachment & Human Development 16, no. 4 (June 27, 2014): 402–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14616734.2014.912491.

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Lumsden, Virginia. "Does the evidence support parent-infant psychotherapy?" BJPsych Advances 23, no. 4 (July 2017): 217–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/apt.bp.117.017244.

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SummaryParent–infant psychotherapy (PIP) is a psychoanalytic intervention that aims to improve parental and infant mental health. There is uncertainty about the clinical effectiveness of this intervention, particularly in comparison with other interventions. Based on a limited number of trials, this month's Cochrane Corner review aimed to summarise the best evidence available. Although the review found some tentative support for PIP in relation to attachment outcomes, overall the evidence was of low quality and PIP was not found to be more effective than treatment as usual or other interventions. This commentary contextualises and summarises the findings, and considers their implications for researchers and clinicians.

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Moretti, Marlene M., Roy Holland, and Sherri Peterson. "Long Term Outcome of an Attachment-Based Program for Conduct Disorder." Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 39, no. 6 (August 1994): 360–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/070674379403900609.

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There is increasing concern among professionals and the public about the level of violence and antisocial behaviour among our youth. This has been coupled with confusion and a sense of helplessness about which types of interventions are most effective in responding to these difficulties. Some professionals and advocacy groups are calling for tougher disciplinary responses to violence and antisocial behaviour, including changes in the Young Offenders Act Yet, such interventions are rarely effective in producing the desired reductions in these behaviours. Other professionals have called for better forms of treatment. However, few treatments have been shown to be effective in bringing about long term reductions either in aggressive behaviour or in the concomitant psychological difficulties experienced by these youths. In this paper, a description is presented of an approach to understanding conduct disorder that focuses on attachment as an organizing principle of behaviour and affect. Also, a description is presented of a community-oriented program that is based on attachment theory, as well as the results of the program evaluation at six, 12 and 18 months following discharge. The findings replicate and extend earlier findings reported by Holland et al (1) on the effectiveness of this approach.

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Metin Camgöz, Selin, and Pinar Bayhan Karapinar. "Linking secure attachment to commitment: trust in supervisors." Leadership & Organization Development Journal 37, no. 3 (May 3, 2016): 387–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/lodj-07-2014-0130.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between a secure attachment style and affective commitment (AC) through the mediating roles of affective and cognitive trust in a direct supervisor. Design/methodology/approach – The study was conducted using the questionnaire answers of 357 private sector employees in various occupations. The statistical analysis was based on structural equation modeling. A multiple mediation model enabled us to investigate the specific indirect effects of each mediator. Findings – Results based on a model comparison showed that the employees’ affective trust in their supervisor fully mediated the relationship between a secure attachment style and AC. However, cognitive trust had no significant mediating effect on relationships between a secure attachment style and AC. Practical implications – Trust in supervisors should be monitored and supported during developmental interventions. Understanding the power of affective and cognitive trust in predicting attitudes can help shape more effective interventions to influence positive work attitudes, including AC. Originality/value – The study sheds new light on the literature by linking individual attachment to organizational attachment as the mediating role of two forms of trust in a supervisor.

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Golding, Kim. "Developing Group-Based Parent Training for Foster and Adoptive Parents." Adoption & Fostering 31, no. 3 (October 2007): 39–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030857590703100306.

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Parent training interventions are among the best-researched strategies to improve the adjustment of children within their families. In 2006, group-based parent training interventions were further promoted by the publication of guidance from the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) and the revised edition of Drawing on the Evidence (British Psychological Society, 2006). This guidance endorses parent training based on Social Learning Theory as an intervention to help children with conduct disorder. It provides helpful advice on the process of parent training that might also be applicable to training for foster and adoptive parents. Kim Golding explores the development of parent training for helping parents and carers of children living in foster care and adoptive homes. The difficulties that some of these children display are complex and enduring. Parent training programmes, as part of a package of care, may be a helpful intervention for children demonstrating challenging behaviours within the context of neurodevelopmental difficulties and poor early attachment experience.

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Minnis, Helen, and Graham Bryce. "Maltreated children: Finding the right attachment relationship." Educational and Child Psychology 27, no. 3 (2010): 51–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.53841/bpsecp.2010.27.3.51.

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Maltreated children are at high risk of both family and school-based difficulties which may be related to emotional and behavioural problems. New research on brain development and attachment has demonstrated that these difficulties may be rooted in maltreatment that occurred during the first few months and years of life. Interventions likely to prevent these difficulties throughout the life-course need, therefore, to be targeted at this early stage of development. This paper describes an intervention developed in New Orleans that aims to provide intensive assessment and intervention to families in which a child has been maltreated in order to give the family the best chance of having the child returned. A group of clinicians and social workers in Glasgow are attempting to implement and test the intervention in the Scottish context.

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Cassidy, Jude, Bonnie E. Brett, Jacquelyn T. Gross, Jessica A. Stern, David R. Martin, Jonathan J. Mohr, and Susan S. Woodhouse. "Circle of Security–Parenting: A randomized controlled trial in Head Start." Development and Psychopathology 29, no. 2 (April 12, 2017): 651–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579417000244.

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AbstractAlthough evidence shows that attachment insecurity and disorganization increase risk for the development of psychopathology (Fearon, Bakermans-Kranenburg, van IJzendoorn, Lapsley, & Roisman, 2010; Groh, Roisman, van IJzendoorn, Bakermans-Kranenburg, & Fearon, 2012), implementation challenges have precluded dissemination of attachment interventions on the broad scale at which they are needed. The Circle of Security–Parenting Intervention (COS-P; Cooper, Hoffman, & Powell, 2009), designed with broad implementation in mind, addresses this gap by training community service providers to use a manualized, video-based program to help caregivers provide a secure base and a safe haven for their children. The present study is a randomized controlled trial of COS-P in a low-income sample of Head Start enrolled children and their mothers. Mothers (N= 141; 75 intervention, 66 waitlist control) completed a baseline assessment and returned with their children after the 10-week intervention for the outcome assessment, which included the Strange Situation. Intent to treat analyses revealed a main effect for maternal response to child distress, with mothers assigned to COS-P reporting fewer unsupportive (but not more supportive) responses to distress than control group mothers, and a main effect for one dimension of child executive functioning (inhibitory control but not cognitive flexibility when maternal age and marital status were controlled), with intervention group children showing greater control. There were, however, no main effects of intervention for child attachment or behavior problems. Exploratory follow-up analyses suggested intervention effects were moderated by maternal attachment style or depressive symptoms, with moderated intervention effects emerging for child attachment security and disorganization, but not avoidance; for inhibitory control but not cognitive flexibility; and for child internalizing but not externalizing behavior problems. This initial randomized controlled trial of the efficacy of COS-P sets the stage for further exploration of “what works for whom” in attachment intervention.

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Romano, Graziella, Daniela Patrascu, Priyanka Tharian, and William Burbridge-James. "The neurobiology of attachment and the influence of psychotherapy: a literature review." BJPsych Open 7, S1 (June 2021): S285. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2021.759.

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AimsTo review the existing scientific literature on the neurobiology of caregiver-infant attachment and the effects of psychotherapy on neurobiological structures. We hypothesised that the therapeutic relationship is a new attachment relationship that can model and re-map neural networks involved in emotional self-regulation.Understanding attachment is relevant to working with women and families in the perinatal period and has an impact on treatment outcomes. Evolutionary perspectives show that the infant's attachment to the caregiver is important for survival, development of self and relational patterns. Mother's attachment predicts the infant caregiving behaviour in perinatal period and psychotherapeutic interventions at this time have a role in modifying the risk of intergenerational transmission of trauma and further pathological attachment styles.MethodWe performed a MEDLINE search focussing on the past 10 years. Keywords used were attachment, neurobiology and psychotherapy. We included original studies and existing reviews looking at all types of formal psychotherapy used and focussing on human research. Exclusion criteria were non psychotherapeutic interventions and attachment based on couples only.ResultThere has been an increasing focus in the literature on studying the neurobiology of attachment in caregivers and infants both in healthy cases and in psychopathology over the past decade. Existing studies concentrate on care givers, there is growing evidence on the effects of attachment styles on the infant's brain, mostly from animal studies. Some authors looked at the effects of parental childhood trauma on later parenting styles and intergenerational transmission of trauma. A few studies highlighted neurobiological changes as a result of psychotherapeutic interventions in various psychiatric disorders.ConclusionThere is growing evidence on the neurobiology of attachment focussing on specific neurotransmitters and brain pathways. The modulating effect of psychotherapy has also been studied, albeit with more focus on recovery from psychiatric illness. The literature on neurobiological changes with psychotherapy remains scarce and heterogeneous and further research may be needed in the neurobiology of therapeutic relationship itself as there is increasing recognition that this may be the agent of change, with evidence in the role of linking cortical structures to subcortical limbic systems.

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Alto, Michelle E., and Christie L. M. Petrenko. "Fostering secure attachment in low- and middle-income countries: Suggestions for evidence-based interventions." Evaluation and Program Planning 60 (February 2017): 151–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2016.11.003.

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Melville, Alysse. "Trauma-Exposed Infants and Toddlers: A Review of Impacts and Evidence-Based Interventions." Advances in Social Work 18, no. 1 (September 24, 2017): 53–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.18060/21287.

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Infants and toddlers are exposed to abuse and neglect at disproportionate rates compared to other children, setting a trajectory for disrupted developmental processes and increased vulnerability to future traumatic exposure. Social workers encounter trauma–exposed young children across a number of systems, including but not limited to early childcare, family physical and mental health, court, and child welfare. It benefits social workers to have a working understanding of current research related to the bio–psycho–social impact of trauma on infants and young children and an awareness of current, research-driven interventions that can support young, at–risk children and families. This article reviews trauma-impacted development throughout the first two years of life with a discussion of current research exploring attachment and brain development and then discusses caregiver–child based interventions that work to repair disrupted attachment patterns, repair impaired regulatory processes, and return the caregiver–child relationship to a healthy developmental path.

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Morelli, Gilda, Naomi Quinn, Nandita Chaudhary, Marga Vicedo, Mariano Rosabal-Coto, Heidi Keller, Marjorie Murray, Alma Gottlieb, Gabriel Scheidecker, and Akira Takada. "Ethical Challenges of Parenting Interventions in Low- to Middle-Income Countries." Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology 49, no. 1 (December 19, 2017): 5–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022022117746241.

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This article explores ethical issues raised by parenting interventions implemented in communities in low- to middle-income countries (LMICs) with rural, subsistence lifestyles. Many of these interventions foster “positive parenting practices” to improve children’s chances of fulfilling their developmental potential. The practices are derived from attachment theory and presented as the universal standard of good care. But attachment-based parenting is typical primarily of people living Western lifestyles and runs counter to the different ways many people with other lifestyles care for their children given what they want for them. Thus, such parenting interventions involve encouraging caregivers to change their practices and views, usually with little understanding of how such changes affect child, family, and community. This undermines researchers’ and practitioners’ ability to honor promises to uphold ethic codes of respect and beneficence. Support for this claim is provided by comparing positive parenting practices advocated by the United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund (UNICEF; with the world health organization [WHO]) Care for Child Development (CCD) intervention with parenting practices typical of communities with rural, subsistence lifestyles—the most common of lifestyles worldwide and largely observed in LMICs. As UNICEF has a considerable presence in these countries, the CCD intervention was selected as a case study. In addition, parenting interventions typically target people who are poor, and the issues this raises regarding ethics of fairness and justice are considered. Recommendations are made for ways change agents can be sensitive to the living conditions and worldviews of communities, and, thus, be appropriately effective and ethically sensitive to the diverse needs of different communities.

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Aliri, Jone, Alexander Muela, Arantxa Gorostiaga, Nekane Balluerka, Aitor Aritzeta, and Goretti Soroa. "Stressful Life Events and Depressive Symptomatology Among Basque Adolescents: The Mediating Role of Attachment Representations." Psychological Reports 122, no. 3 (April 26, 2018): 789–808. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0033294118771970.

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The occurrence of stressful life events is a risk factor for psychopathology in adolescence. Depression is a problem of notable clinical importance that has a negative psychosocial impact on adolescents and which has considerable social, educational, and economic costs. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between stressful life events and depressive symptomatology in adolescence, taking into account the effect that attachment representations may have on this relation. Participants were 1653 adolescents (951 girls) aged between 13 and 18 years. The sample was selected by means of a random sampling procedure based on the availability of schools to participate. Data were collected at two time points: attachment and stressful life events were assessed first, and symptoms of depression were evaluated eight to nine months later. Two time points were used in order to better analyze the mediating role of attachment security. Stressful life events were recorded using the Inventory of Stressful Life Events, attachment was evaluated by the Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment (mother, father, and peer versions), and depressive symptomatology was assessed through the Children’s Depression Scale. In all cases, the Basque version of these scales was used. The results indicated that attachment to parents was a mediating variable in the relationship between stressful life events and depressive symptomatology. Contrary to what we expected, the results indicate that stressful life events did not have a negative effect on peer attachment, and neither did the latter variable act as a mediator of the relationship between stressful life events and depressive symptoms. It can be concluded that attachment-based interventions may be especially useful for reducing depression symptoms among adolescents. The findings also suggest a role for interventions that target parent–child attachment relationships.

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Santos, Alicia, Iris Crespo, Adrián Pérez-Aranda, María Beltrán-Ruiz, Marta Puebla-Guedea, and Javier García-Campayo. "Attachment-Based Compassion Therapy for Reducing Anxiety and Depression in Fibromyalgia." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 13 (July 2, 2022): 8152. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19138152.

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Fibromyalgia patients often experience anxiety and depressive symptoms; however, validated interventions show only limited efficacy. This pilot study analyzed the effects of a 16-session version of attachment-based compassion therapy (ABCT-16) for improving anxiety and depressive symptomatology, as well as self-compassion and decentering, in 11 fibromyalgia patients. Scales were assessed at four time points: baseline, after sessions 8 and 16, and 3.5 months after the completion of the program. Significant improvements were found in all outcomes after the program, and most remained significant in the follow-up assessment. Our preliminary results suggest that ABCT-16 can be effective for improving anxiety and depressive symptomatology in fibromyalgia patients. Nonetheless, further studies with larger samples and control groups are necessary to confirm these results.

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Reijman, Sophie, Lenneke R. A. Alink, Laura H. C. G. Compier-De Block, Claudia D. Werner, Athanasios Maras, Corine Rijnberk, Marinus H. Van Ijzendoorn, and Marian J. Bakermans-Kranenburg. "Attachment representations and autonomic regulation in maltreating and nonmaltreating mothers." Development and Psychopathology 29, no. 3 (October 20, 2016): 1075–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579416001036.

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AbstractThis study assessed attachment representation and attachment-related autonomic regulation in a sample of 38 maltreating and 35 nonmaltreating mothers. Mothers’ state of mind regarding attachment was measured using the Adult Attachment Interview. They further watched an attachment-based comfort paradigm, during which we measured skin conductance and vagal tone. More maltreating mothers (42%) than nonmaltreating mothers (17%) had an unresolved/disoriented attachment classification. Attachment representation was related to physiology during the comfort paradigm: an unresolved state of mind and a nonautonomous classification were associated with a decrease in skin conductance during the comfort paradigm, specifically during the responsive caregiver scenario. However, physiology did not differ between maltreating and nonmaltreating mothers. The decrease in skin conductance of unresolved mothers during the comfort paradigm might be indicative of a deactivating response, which is congruent with the dissociative nature of the unresolved state of mind. The results point to the potential utility of interventions focused on attachment representations for maltreating mothers.

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Cittern, David, and Abbas Edalat. "A Neural Model of Empathic States in Attachment-Based Psychotherapy." Computational Psychiatry 1 (December 2017): 132–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/cpsy_a_00006.

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We build on a neuroanatomical model of how empathic states can motivate caregiving behavior, via empathy circuit-driven activation of regions in the hypothalamus and amygdala, which in turn stimulate a mesolimbic–ventral pallidum pathway, by integrating findings related to the perception of pain in self and others. On this basis, we propose a network to capture states of personal distress and (weak and strong forms of) empathic concern, which are particularly relevant for psychotherapists conducting attachment-based interventions. This model is then extended for the case of self-attachment therapy, in which conceptualized components of the self serve as both the source of and target for empathic resonance. In particular, we consider how states of empathic concern involving an other that is perceived as being closely related to the self might enhance the motivation for self-directed bonding (which in turn is proposed to lead the individual toward more compassionate states) in terms of medial prefrontal cortex–mediated activation of these caregiving pathways. We simulate our model computationally and discuss the interplay between the bonding and empathy protocols of the therapy.

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Blake, John, Jessica Brooks, Hannah Greenbaum, and Fong Chan. "Attachment and Employment Outcomes for People With Spinal Cord Injury." Rehabilitation Counseling Bulletin 60, no. 2 (August 1, 2016): 77–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0034355215621036.

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The purpose of this article is to evaluate the mediation effect of hope on the relationship between attachment and full-time employment for people with spinal cord injury (SCI). Quantitative descriptive research design using logistic regression, multiple regression, and correlational techniques were used. Eighty-four persons with SCI were recruited from several SCI advocacy organizations in Canada, the United Kingdom, and the United States. The results show that secure attachment, anxious attachment, and hope were significantly related to employment. Hope was found to be a significant mediator of the relationship between attachment and full-time employment. Results provide support for the use of hope-based interventions by vocational rehabilitation counselors working with individuals with SCI.

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Szabó, B., E. Nagy, A. Békefi, and J. Futó. "Children living in institutional care: How can mentalization-based interventions improve their perspective-taking and conflict resolution skills?" European Psychiatry 65, S1 (June 2022): S688. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2022.1772.

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Introduction Trauma, stress, and attachment problems are negatively related to the development of mentalization. Children raised in institutional care are more exposed to these difficulties, therefore the development of population-specific interventions that aim to improve mentalization skills would be highly desirable. Objectives Our goal is to develop mentalization-based intervention programs for specific age groups (9-13 years, 14-18 years, and adult staff members of institutional care centers) - that support children’s and adolescents’ social functioning and conflict resolution skills. Methods The mentalization-based intervention targeting institutional care staff was launched first. Due to the pandemic, this intervention was executed online with two intervention (N = 17) and two passive control (N = 15) groups. Before and after the intervention, participants completed a demographic questionnaire, the Parenting Sense of Competence Scale, the Reflective Functioning Questionnaire, the Mini Oldenburg Burnout Inventory, The Strengths, and Difficulties Questionnaire, and the Ways of Coping Questionnaire. Results The intervention protocol and our results will be shown at the conference. There was no significant difference between the two intervention and two passive control groups in the demographic features. Mentalization uncertainty and burnout was positively related(rs(23) = .42, p = .034), while mentalization uncertainty and parental competence was negatively associated (rs(23) = - .41, p = .041). Conclusions The intervention program will be fine-tuned and optimized based on the results of the pilot study. In the next interventions, we plan to focus on the issues that the staff perceived as most difficult and to conduct interventions among the children. Disclosure No significant relationships.

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Green, Eric J., Amie C. Myrick, and David A. Crenshaw. "Toward secure attachment in adolescent relational development: Advancements from sandplay and expressive play-based interventions." International Journal of Play Therapy 22, no. 2 (2013): 90–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0032323.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Attachment-based interventions'

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