Journal articles: 'Atrial septal defects'

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Sandeep, Nefthi, and Michael C. Slack. "Percutaneous management of coronary sinus atrial septal defect: two cases representing the spectrum for device closure and a review of the literature." Cardiology in the Young 24, no. 5 (March 25, 2014): 797–806. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1047951114000353.

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AbstractCoronary sinus atrial septal defects are the rarest defects of the atrial septum comprising <1% of the five different types of atrial septal defects. Despite the widespread adoption of percutaneous device closure of secundum atrial septal defects, the published experience with percutaneous device closure of coronary sinus atrial septal defects is limited to only a few isolated case reports because of uncertainty regarding safety and efficacy. Open-heart surgical repair remains the treatment of choice for coronary sinus atrial septal defects, although this may not be the only treatment option in selected cases. Herein we describe our own experience with two patients with different clinical presentations and our method of successful percutaneous coronary sinus atrial septal defect closure in each. We then present a review of the anatomic spectrum of coronary sinus atrial septal defects along with a review of contemporary surgical and percutaneous device treatment.

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Geva, Tal, Jose D. Martins, and Rachel M. Wald. "Atrial septal defects." Lancet 383, no. 9932 (May 2014): 1921–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(13)62145-5.

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Zeller, John L., Cassio Lynm, and Richard M. Glass. "Atrial Septal Defects." JAMA 296, no. 24 (December 27, 2006): 3036. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.296.24.3036.

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Siddiqui, M. A. "Atrial septal defects." Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine 61, no. 6 (November 1, 1994): 473. http://dx.doi.org/10.3949/ccjm.61.6.473.

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Lowery, Kristyn S. "Atrial Septal Defects." Physician Assistant Clinics 1, no. 4 (October 2016): 553–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cpha.2016.05.004.

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Tarasov, D. G., I. V. Tkachev, and S. S. Kadrabulatova. "The role of three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography in preoperative assessment of atrial septal defects." Patologiya krovoobrashcheniya i kardiokhirurgiya 18, no. 1 (October 10, 2015): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.21688/1681-3472-2014-1-58-61.

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An atrial septal defect is the most common congenital heart disease. Transcatheter defect closure has become widespread in recent times and the requirements for this procedure are rather strict. Two-dimensional echocardiography is limited in evaluating atrial septal defects because it provides planar images only. In order to preoperatively assess atrial septal defects, we applied three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography and then compared the results with those of surgical operations. The maximum diameter, shape, area and localization of the atrial septal defect in 26 patients were estimated with three-dimensional echocardiography. It was found out that positive correlation existed between three-dimensional echocardiography findings and those measured during surgery. Three-dimensional echocardiography provides invaluable assistance in preoperative evaluation of atrial septal defects and in selection of treatment.

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Cho, Eun Hyun, Jinyoung Song, Eun Young Choi, and Sang Yoon Lee. "Device Size for Transcatheter Closure of Ovoid Interatrial Septal Defect." Heart Surgery Forum 16, no. 4 (August 19, 2013): 193. http://dx.doi.org/10.1532/hsf98.20121131.

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Background: For successful transcatheter closure of an atrial septal defect with the Amplatzer septal occluder, the shape of the defect should be considered before selecting the device size. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the results of transcatheter closure of an ovoid atrial septal defect.Methods: Between January 2010 and February 2012, cardiac computer tomography examinations were performed in 78 patients who subsequently underwent transcatheter closure of an atrial septal defect. In this retrospective study, we reviewed these patients' medical records. We defined an ovoid atrial septal defect as a value of 0.75 for the ratio of the shortest diameter of the defect to the longest diameter, as measured in a computed tomography image. Transthoracic echocardiography examinations were made at 1 day and 6 months after the procedure.Results: Transcatheter closure of an atrial septal defect was successful in 26 patients in the ovoid-defect group and in 52 patients in the round-defect group. There were no serious complications in either group, and the rate of complete closure at 6 months was 92.3% in the ovoid-defect group and 93.1% in the round-defect group (P > .05). The mean (SD) difference between the device size and the defect's longest diameter, and the mean ratio of the device size to the longest diameter were significantly smaller in the ovoid-defect group (1.7 � 2.9 versus 3.8 � 2.5 and 1.1 � 0.1 versus 1.3 � 0.2, respectively).Conclusions: Transcatheter closure of an atrial septal defect is indicated even for an ovoid atrial septal defect. Ovoid atrial septal defects can be closed successfully with smaller sizes of the Amplatzer septal occluder than for round atrial septal defects.

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Gowda, Ramesh M., Ijaz A. Khan, Vithaya Chaithiraphan, Paul Stelzer, Lawrence M. Boxt, Balendu C. Vasavada, and Hugo Rosero. "Atrial Septal Aneurysm with Multiple Atrial Septal Defects: Cribriform Atrial Septal Aneurysm." Cardiology 104, no. 1 (2005): 22–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000086049.

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Tanghöj, Gustaf, Petru Liuba, Gunnar Sjöberg, and Estelle Naumburg. "Risk factors for adverse events within one year after atrial septal closure in children: a retrospective follow-up study." Cardiology in the Young 30, no. 3 (December 18, 2019): 303–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1047951119002919.

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AbstractIntroduction:Secundum atrial septal defect is one of the most common congenital heart defects. Previous paediatric studies have mainly addressed echocardiographic and few clinical factors among children associated with adverse events. The aim of this study was to identify neonatal and other clinical risk factors associated with adverse events up to one year after closure of atrial septal defect.Methods:This retrospective case–control study includes children born in Sweden between 2000 and 2014 that were treated surgically or percutaneously for an atrial septal defect. Conditional logistic regression was used to evaluate the association between major and minor adverse events and potential risk factors, adjusting for confounding factors including prematurity, neonatal sepsis, neonatal general ventilatory support, symptomatic atrial septal defects, and pulmonary hypertension.Results:Overall, 396 children with 400 atrial septal defect closures were included. The median body weight at closure was 14.5 (3.5–110) kg, and the median age was 3.0 (0.1–17.8) years. Overall, 110 minor adverse events and 68 major events were recorded in 87 and 49 children, respectively. Only symptomatic atrial septal defects were associated with both minor (odds ratio (OR) = 2.18, confidence interval (CI) 95% 1.05–8.06) and major (OR = 2.80 CI 95% 1.23–6.37) adverse events.Conclusion:There was no association between the investigated neonatal comorbidities and major or minor events after atrial septal defect closure. Patients with symptomatic atrial septal defects had a two to four times increased risk of having a major event, suggesting careful management and follow-up of these children prior to and after closure.

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Rao, P. Syamasundar, and Andrea D. Harris. "Recent advances in managing septal defects: atrial septal defects." F1000Research 6 (November 22, 2017): 2042. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.11844.1.

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The purpose of this review is to discuss the management of atrial septal defects (ASD), paying particular attention to the most recent developments. There are four types of ASDs: ostium secundum, ostium primum, sinus venosus, and coronary sinus defects. The fifth type, patent foramen ovale—which is present in 25 to 30% of normal individuals and considered a normal variant, although it may be the seat of paradoxical embolism, particularly in adults—is not addressed in this review. The indication for closure of the ASDs, by and large, is the presence of right ventricular volume overload. In asymptomatic patients, the closure is usually performed at four to five years of age. While there was some earlier controversy regarding ASD closure in adult patients, currently it is recommended that the ASD be closed at the time of presentation. Each of the four defects is briefly described followed by presentation of management, whether by surgical or percutaneous approach, as the case may be. Of the four types of ASDs, only the ostium secundum defect is amenable to percutaneous occlusion. For ostium secundum defects, transcatheter closure has been shown to be as effective as surgical closure but with the added benefits of decreased hospital stay, avoidance of a sternotomy, lower cost, and more rapid recovery. There are several FDA-approved devices in use today for percutaneous closure, including the Amplatzer® Septal Occluder (ASO), Amplatzer® Cribriform device, and Gore HELEX® device. The ASO is most commonly used for ostium secundum ASDs, the Gore HELEX® is useful for small to medium-sized defects, and the cribriform device is utilized for fenestrated ASDs. The remaining types of ASDs usually require surgical correction. All of the available treatment modes are safe and effective and prevent the development of further cardiac complications.

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Hamanoue, Haruka, Sri Endah Rahayuningsih, Yuya Hirahara, Junko Itoh, Utako Yokoyama, Takeshi Mizuguchi, Hirotomo Saitsu, Noriko Miyake, Fumiki Hirahara, and Naomichi Matsumoto. "Genetic screening of 104 patients with congenitally malformed hearts revealed a fresh mutation of GATA4 in those with atrial septal defects." Cardiology in the Young 19, no. 5 (August 13, 2009): 482–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1047951109990813.

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AbstractWe analysed the GATA binding protein 4 gene, or GATA4, along with the NK2 transcription factor related, locus 5 gene, or NKX2.5, to determine their genetic contribution to 104 sporadic patients in Indonesia with congenitally malformed hearts, 76 cases having atrial septal defect and 28 tetralogy of Fallot. We found only 1 novel mutation of GATA4 in those with atrial septal defecst. Analysis of the genetic background of the parents of the patient showed for the first time that a new mutation of GATA4 can cause sporadic atrial septal defects. We failed to discover any other mutations of either the GATA4 or NKX2-5 genes, supporting the marked genetic heterogeneity of human congenital cardiac defects.

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Şahin, Murat, Süheyla Özkutlu, Işıl Yıldırım, Tevfik Karagöz, and Alpay Çeliker. "Transcatheter closure of atrial septal defects with transthoracic echocardiography." Cardiology in the Young 21, no. 2 (December 22, 2010): 204–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1047951110001782.

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AbstractObjectivesThe aim of this study is to evaluate our clinical experience using an Amplatzer septal occluder for catheter closure of a secundum atrial septal defect under transthoracic echocardiography guidance without general anaesthesia.MethodsPatients eligible for transcatheter atrial septal defect closure were selected using transthoracic echocardiography. The largest defect diameter measured in different views was selected as the reference diameter. All procedures were performed under conscious sedation with fluoroscopic and transthoracic echocardiographic guidance.ResultsBetween November, 2006 and December, 2009 a secundum-type atrial septal defect was closed with the Amplatzer septal occluder in 40 patients with transthoracic echocardiographic guidance. The mean age and weight were 7.9 years and 26.9 kilograms, respectively. The mean atrial septal defect diameter was 11.4 millimetres, total septal diameter was 38.5 millimetres, and the mean device diameter and the difference between device and atrial septal defect diameter were 12.6 and 1.2 millimetres, respectively. There were no major complications. The mean follow-up time was 14.8 months.ConclusionIn selected cases, in which the defects are small and the rims are adequate and transthoracic echocardiography provides high image quality, transthoracic echocardiography can be substituted with transoesophageal echocardiography. The ratio of defect size to total septal diameter can be used as a guide for patient selection; those that have a value of 0.33 or greater can be considered eligible for closure with transthoracic echocardiography. However, transthoracic echocardiography should not be used when there are large or multiple defects, or the rims are thin and soft and the image resolution is inadequate.

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Albæk, Diana H. R., Sebastian Udholm, Anne-Sif L. Ovesen, Zarmiga Karunanithi, Camilla Nyboe, and Vibeke E. Hjortdal. "Pacemaker and conduction disturbances in patients with atrial septal defect." Cardiology in the Young 30, no. 7 (June 5, 2020): 980–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1047951120001365.

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AbstractObjective:To determine the prevalence of pacemaker and conduction disturbances in patients with atrial septal defects.Design:All patients with an atrial septal defect born before 1994 were identified in the Danish National Patient Registry, and 297 patients were analysed for atrioventricular block, bradycardia, right bundle branch block, left anterior fascicular block, left posterior fascicular block, pacemaker, and mortality. Our results were compared with pre-existing data from a healthy background population. Further, outcomes were compared between patients with open atrial septal defects and atrial septal defects closed by surgery or transcatheter.Results:Most frequent findings were incomplete right bundle branch block (40.1%), left anterior fascicular block (3.7%), atrioventricular block (3.7%), and pacemaker (3.7%). Average age at pacemaker implantation was 32 years. Patients with defects closed surgically or by transcatheter had an increased prevalence of atrioventricular block (p < 0.01), incomplete right bundle branch block (p < 0.01), and left anterior fascicular block (p = 0.02) when compared to patients with unclosed atrial septal defects. At age above 25 years, there was a considerably higher prevalence of atrioventricular block (9.4% versus 0.1%) and complete right bundle branch block (1.9% versus 0.4%) when compared to the background cohorts.Conclusions:Patients with atrial septal defects have a considerably higher prevalence of conduction abnormalities when compared to the background population. Patients with surgically or transcatheter closed atrial septal defects demonstrated a higher demand for pacemaker and a higher prevalence of atrioventricular block, incomplete right bundle branch block, and left anterior fascicular block when compared to patients with unclosed atrial septal defects.

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Kumar, Rupesh, Subhendu Sekhar Mahapatra, Monalisa Datta, Amanul Hoque, Swarnendu Datta, Soumyajit Ghosh, Santanu Datta, and Subhankar Bhattacharjee. "Holt-Oram Syndrome in Adult Presenting with Heart Failure: A Rare Presentation." Case Reports in Cardiology 2014 (2014): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/130617.

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Holt-Oram syndrome is a rare inherited disorder involving the hands, arms, and the heart. The defects involve carpal bones of the wrist and the thumb and the associated cardiac anomalies like atrial or ventricular septal defects. Congenital cardiac and upper-limb malformations frequently occur together and are classified as heart-hand syndromes. The most common amongst the heart-hand disorders is the Holt-Oram syndrome, which is characterized by septal defects of the heart and preaxial radial ray abnormalities. Its incidence is one in 100,000 live births. Approximately three out of four patients have some cardiac abnormality with common associations being either an atrial septal defect or ventricular septal defect. Herein, we report a rare sporadic case of Holt-Oram syndrome with atrial septal defect with symptoms of heart failure in a forty-five-year-old lady who underwent emergency cardiac surgery for the symptoms.

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Loomba, Rohit S., Justin T. Tretter, Timothy J. Mohun, Robert H. Anderson, Scott Kramer, and Diane E. Spicer. "Identification and Morphogenesis of Vestibular Atrial Septal Defects." Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease 7, no. 3 (September 10, 2020): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcdd7030035.

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Background: The vestibular atrial septal defect is an interatrial communication located in the antero-inferior portion of the atrial septum. Reflecting either inadequate muscularization of the vestibular spine and mesenchymal cap during development, or excessive apoptosis within the developing antero-inferior septal component, the vestibular defect represents an infrequently recognized true deficiency of the atrial septum. We reviewed necropsy specimens from three separate archives to establish the frequency of such vestibular defects and their associated cardiac findings, providing additional analysis from developing mouse hearts to illustrate their potential morphogenesis. Materials and methods: We analyzed the hearts in the Farouk S. Idriss Cardiac Registry at Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital in Chicago, IL, the Van Mierop Archive at the University of Florida in Gainesville, Florida, and the archive at Johns Hopkins All Children’s Heart Institute in St. Petersburg, Florida, identifying all those exhibiting a vestibular atrial septal defect, along with the associated intracardiac malformations. We then assessed potential mechanisms for the existence of such defects, based on the assessment of 450 datasets of developing mouse hearts prepared using the technique of episcopic microscopy. Results: We analyzed a total of 2100 specimens. Of these, 68 (3%) were found to have a vestibular atrial septal defect. Comparable defects were identified in 10 developing mouse embryos sacrificed at embryonic data 15.5, by which stage the antero-inferior component of the atrial septum is usually normally formed. Conclusion: The vestibular defect is a true septal defect located in the muscular antero-inferior rim of the oval fossa. Our retrospective review of autopsied hearts suggests that the defect may be more common than previously thought. Increased awareness of the location of the defect should optimize its future clinical identification. We suggest that the defect exists because of failure, during embryonic development, of union of the components that bind the leading edge of the primary atrial septum to the atrioventricular junctions, either because of inadequate muscularisation or excessive apoptosis.

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Ordoñez, Maria Victoria, Sarah Moharem-Elgamal, and Radwa Bedair. "Third time lucky: challenging secundum atrial septal defect." Cardiology in the Young 29, no. 09 (August 5, 2019): 1202–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1047951119001677.

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AbstractSecundum atrial septal defect is the most common form of interatrial communication. Atrial septal defects can present in young adults with a variety of clinical presentations, including breathlessness on effort, palpitations, or stroke. Clinical heart failure and resting desaturation are both rarely seen in young patients. We present a case of a young man with a secundum atrial septal defect and a diagnosis of constrictive pericarditis, only made after two attempts at surgical correction of the atrial septal defect, with pericardiectomy at the third attempt and subsequent symptomatic improvement.

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Manivannan, Suganya, Gul Dadlani, Michael Parsons, Luminita Crisan, Victoria Belogolovkin, Narendra Sastry, and Maya Guglin. "Surgical repair of atrial septal defect with severe pulmonary hypertension during pregnancy: a case report with literature review." Cardiology in the Young 22, no. 5 (April 16, 2012): 493–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1047951112000492.

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AbstractWe are reporting a case of a 37-year-old pregnant woman with a large secundum atrial septal defect with left-to-right shunt and severe pulmonary hypertension. Her atrial septal defect was undiagnosed before this pregnancy. After carefully considering all the options, we repaired her atrial septal defect with an open heart surgical closure at 20 weeks of gestation. A substantial and consistent reduction in pulmonary arterial pressure after the surgery and subsequent uneventful delivery indicate that surgical repair of atrial septal defects is a viable option that should be considered for such patients.

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Sheikh, Naveen, Sajal Krishna Banerjee, Fazlur Rahman, Zahid Hossen, CM Ahmed, Harisul Haque, SMA Habib, et al. "The Role of Transesophageal Echocardiography in Adolescents and Adults with Congenital Heart Disease." University Heart Journal 11, no. 2 (February 2, 2017): 63–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/uhj.v11i2.31362.

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There is frequent dropout of atrial septal echoesin the region of the fossa ovalis in the standard precordial echocardiographic imaging planes, that can be minimized by use of the subcostal imaging approach. The diagnostic sensitivity of this approach was reviewed in 154 patients (mean age 31 years, range 18years to 45 yrs) with documented atrial septal defect in whom a satisfactory image of the atrial septum could be obtained.Subcostal two-dimensional and color Doppler echocardiography successfully visualized 93 (89%) of the 105 ostium secundum atrial septal defects, all 32 (100%) ostium Primum defects and 7 (44%) of the 16 sinus vinosus defects. A defect was not visualized (false negative response) in 12 patients (11 %) with an ostium secundum defect and in 9 patients (56%) with a sinus venosus defect. In three of the former and five of the latter, a two-dimensional echocardiographic contrast examination and transesophageal echocardiography established the presence of the inter-atrial shunt. Forty eight patients (32 %) with clinical findings of uncomplicated atrial septal defect confirmed by two-dimensional,color Doppler and Transesophageal echocardiography underwent surgical repair of the defect without preoperative cardiac catheterization. There were no perioperative complications.University Heart Journal Vol. 11, No. 2, July 2015; 63-67

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Fukuda, Toyoki, Ichiro Kashima, and Shigeki Yoshiba. "Surgical treatment of an unusual atrial septal defect: the vestibular defect." Cardiology in the Young 14, no. 2 (April 2004): 212–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1047951104002197.

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A 14-year-old female patient underwent surgical treatment of multiple atrial septal defects associated with unroofed coronary sinus and pulmonary valvar stenosis. One of the defects was that of the superior oval fossa and the other a large ellipsoidal defect positioned inferior to the inferior rim of the oval fossa. The patient underwent primary closure of the defects with a favorable result. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first surgical experience of an unusual atrial septal defect or the vestibular defect.

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Lopez, Leo, Roque Ventura, Elizabeth M. Welch, David G. Nykanen, and Evan M. Zahn. "Echocardiographic considerations during deployment of the Helex Septal Occluder for closure of atrial septal defects." Cardiology in the Young 13, no. 3 (June 2003): 290–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1047951103000556.

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The Helex Septal Occluder is a new device used to close atrial septal defects via interventional catheterization. In order to study the role of echocardiography during its use, and to describe the morphologic variants of defects suitable for closure with this occluder, we evaluated all patients undergoing intended closure of an atrial septal defect with the Helex occluder. A combination of transthoracic, transesophageal, three-dimensional, and intracardiac echocardiography were used before, during, and after the procedure to characterize anatomy, assess candidacy for closure, guide the device during its deployment, and evaluate results. Among the 60 candidates included in the study, 11 were excluded because of transesophageal echocardiographic and/or catheterization data obtained in the laboratory. Attempts at closure were successful in 46 patients, and unsuccessful in 3. We successfully treated four types of defects. These were defects positioned centrally within the oval fossa with appreciable rims along the entire circumference of the defect, defects with deficient or absent segments of the rim, defects with aneurysm of the primary atrial septum, and defects with multiple fenestrations. Follow-up transthoracic echocardiograms taken at a median of 7 months demonstrated no residual defects in 21, trivial residual defects in 17, and small residual defects in 8 patients. In 20 patients, three-dimensional reconstructions were used to characterize the morphology of the defect and the position of the device. Because transesophageal echocardiography was often limited by acoustic interference from the device, intracardiac echocardiography was utilized in 3 cases to overcome this limitation.

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Ziebell, Daniel S., Stephanie Ghaleb, Jeffrey Anderson, and Christopher J. Statile. "Resource utilisation in paediatric patients with secundum atrial septal defects." Cardiology in the Young 30, no. 3 (February 10, 2020): 383–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s104795112000013x.

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AbstractBackground:There is variation in care of secundum atrial septal defects. Defects <3 mm and patent foramen ovale are not clinically significant. Defects >3 mm are often followed clinically and may require closure. Variation in how these lesions are monitored may result in over-utilisation of routine studies and higher than necessary patient charges.Purpose:To determine utilisation patterns for patients with secundum atrial septal defects diagnosed within the first year of life and compare to locally developed optimal utilisation standard to assess charge savings.Methods:This was a retrospective chart review of patients with secundum atrial septal defects diagnosed within the first year of life. Patients with co-existing cardiac lesions were excluded. Total number of clinic visits, electrocardiograms, and echocardiograms were recorded. Total charge was calculated based on our standard institutional charges. Patients were stratified based on lesion and provider type and then compared to “optimal utilisation” using analysis of variance statistical analysis.Results:Ninety-seven patients were included, 40 had patent foramen ovale (or atrial septal defect <3 mm), 43 had atrial septal defects not requiring intervention and 14 had atrial septal defects requiring intervention. There was a statistically significant difference in mean charge above optimal for these lesions of $1033, $2885, and $5722 (p < 0.02), respectively. There was statistically significant variation of charge among types of provider as well. Average charge savings per patient would be $2530 with total charge savings of $242,472 if the optimal utilisation pathway was followed.Conclusion:Using optimal utilisation and decreasing variation could save the patient significant unnecessary charges.

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McDaniel, N. L. "Ventricular and Atrial Septal Defects." Pediatrics in Review 22, no. 8 (August 1, 2001): 265–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/pir.22-8-265.

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Latib, Azeem, and Kusha Rahgozar. "Understanding Iatrogenic Atrial Septal Defects." JACC: Cardiovascular Interventions 13, no. 13 (July 2020): 1554–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcin.2020.05.018.

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Baruteau, Alban-Elouen, and Shakeel A. Qureshi. "Atrial septal defects: an overview." Journal of Thoracic Disease 10, S24 (September 2018): S2835—S2836. http://dx.doi.org/10.21037/jtd.2018.08.66.

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Boysan, Emre, Omer Faruk Cicek, Mustafa Cuneyt Cicek, Ziyaddin Hamurcu, and Sami Gurkahraman. "Surgical Removal of an Atrial Septal Occluder Device Embolized to the Main Pulmonary Artery." Texas Heart Institute Journal 41, no. 1 (February 1, 2014): 91–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.14503/thij-12-3003.

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Percutaneous closure of atrial septal defects in adults has emerged as an alternative to surgery. We report a sequela of such closure in a 16-year-old boy: embolization of the atrial septal defect occluder into the main pulmonary artery when the patient experienced an episode of intense coughing immediately after device deployment. We removed the device surgically and closed the atrial septal defect in a standard manner, with an autologous pericardial patch.

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Zikarg, Yossef Teshome, Chalachew Tiruneh Yirdaw, and Teshome Gebremeskel Aragie. "Prevalence of congenital septal defects among congenital heart defect patients in East Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis." PLOS ONE 16, no. 4 (April 22, 2021): e0250006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0250006.

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Introduction Congenital heart defects (CHDs) are the most common congenital defects and accounts for nearly one-third of all major congenital anomalies. It is the leading causes of birth defect-associated morbidity, mortality, and medical expenditures. Of all CHD types, ventricular septal defect (VSD) and atrial septal defect (ASD) accounted 51% of cases with an increasing trend over time. Objective The aim of this review is to estimate the pooled prevalence of ventricular septal defect and congenital atrial septal defect among congenital heart diseases patients in East African context. Methods Using PRISMA guideline, we systematically reviewed and meta-analyzed studies that examined the prevalence of Ventricular septal defect and atrial septal defect in East Africa, from Medline (PubMed), Cochrane Library, HINARI, and Google Scholar. A weighted inverse variance random-effects model was used to estimate the pooled prevalence of ventricular septal defect and atrial septal defect. Results A total of 2323 studies were identified; 1301 from PubMed, 12 from Cochrane Library, 1010 from Google Scholar and 22 from other sources. The pooled prevalence of ventricular septal defect and atrial septal defect in East Africa was found to be 29.92% (95% CI; 26.12–33.72; I2 = 89.2%; p<0.001), and 10.36% (95% CI; 8.05–12.68; I2 = 89.5%; p<0.001) respectively. Conclusions and future implications Based on this review, the pooled prevalence of VSD and ASD is still high and alarming; this signifies that the emphasis given for congenital heart defect in East African countries is limited. Special attention and efforts should be applied for early detection to prevent serious complications and for a better prognosis of all forms of CHD. A screening program for CHD should be instituted during the perinatal period. Furthermore, early referral of suspected cases of congenital cardiac anomalies is mandatory for better management till the establishment of cardiac centers in different regions of the continent.

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Kefer, Joelle. "Percutaneous Transcatheter Closure of Interatrial Septal Defect in Adults – A Review." Interventional Cardiology Review 6, no. 2 (2011): 173. http://dx.doi.org/10.15420/icr.2011.6.2.173.

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Atrial septal abnormalities are common congenital lesions remaining asymptomatic until adulthood in a great number of patients. The most frequent atrial septal defects in adults are ostium secundum atrial septal defect (ASD) and patent foramen ovale (PFO), both approachable by transcatheter closure using device implantation. The article reviews the different devices available, the technique of implantation and the indications for transcatheter ASD and PFO closure.

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Alidoosti, Mohammad, Seyed K. Hoseini, and Akbar Shafiee. "Managing a traumatic ventricular septal defect with atrial septal defect occluder device." Cardiology in the Young 23, no. 3 (September 10, 2012): 436–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1047951112001059.

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AbstractTraumatic ventricular septal defects are rare complications of blunt and penetrating chest trauma. Patients are usually referred because of shock or cardiac tamponade. Focusing on the critical condition of the patient leads to missing the presence of traumatic ventricular septal defects. In this case report, we introduce a patient with a large traumatic ventricular septal defect, which was diagnosed 40 days after a penetrating cardiac trauma and was finally treated with transcatheter closure.

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Parikh, Rushi V., Jack Boyd, David P. Lee, and Ronald Witteles. "Atrial Septal Defect as Unexpected Cause of Pulmonary Artery Hypertension." Texas Heart Institute Journal 45, no. 1 (February 1, 2018): 42–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.14503/thij-17-6208.

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Methamphetamine abuse is an increasingly prevalent cause of pulmonary artery hypertension in the United States. Conversely, an atrial septal defect rarely presents late as pulmonary artery hypertension. We present the case of a 44-year-old methamphetamine abuser who had a 3-month history of worsening fatigue and near-syncope. She had elevated cardiac enzyme levels and right-sided heart strain. Angiographic findings suggested methamphetamine-induced pulmonary artery hypertension; however, we later heard S2 irregularities that raised suspicion of an atrial septal defect. Ultimately, the diagnosis was pulmonary artery hypertension and a large secundum atrial septal defect with left-to-right flow. One year after defect closure, the patient was asymptomatic. In addition to discussing this unexpected case of a secundum atrial septal defect masquerading as methamphetamine-induced pulmonary artery hypertension, we briefly review the natural history of atrial septal defects and emphasize the importance of thorough examination in avoiding diagnostic anchoring bias.

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Alobaidan, Mashail, A. Saleem, H. Abdo, and J. Simpson. "Successful percutaneous closure of spiral atrial septal defect." Echo Research and Practice 2, no. 1 (January 2015): K7—K9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/erp-14-0101.

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SummaryThe case report of a 15-year-old patient with an unusual form of atrial septal defect is described. Echocardiography showed separation of the secundum and primum atrial septums due to abnormal posterior and leftward attachment of the primum septum into the roof of the left atrium. The morphology has been variably described as a ‘double’ atrial septum or ‘spiral’ atrial septal defect. Despite the technical challenge of this form of atrial septal defect, it was effectively closed by ensuring that all relevant septal structures were incorporated between the discs of the occlusion device. This was associated with a stable position and good medium-term outcome. This contrasts with the experience of others where device embolisation or technical failure has been described.Learning pointsThe spiral atrial septal defect is characterised by an apparently ‘double’ atrial septum.Such atrial septal defects (ASDs) have been associated with a high rate of technical failure of transcatheter closure.3D echocardiography assists in understanding the anatomy of the defect.Following deployment of the ASD occlusion device transoesophageal echocardiography is essential to ensure that both septum primum and secundum are between the occluder discs.Catheter closure can be successful if close attention is paid to the morphology of the defect and incorporation of margins within the discs of the septal occluder.

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Tabery, Stefania, and Otto Daniëls. "How classical are the clinical features of the “ostium secundum” atrial septal defect?" Cardiology in the Young 7, no. 3 (July 1997): 294–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1047951100004182.

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AbstractSome patients with so called “secundum” atrial septal defect within the oval fossa show a large defect on the echocardiogram, although they do not have all the classical clinical features. Until now, a large atrial septal defect was thought to be characterized by a large shunt (functional defect). Experience indicates, nonetheless, that such large defects in size (anatomical defect) are not always accompanied by large shunts. In order to assess how often the classical clinical features of an atrial septal defect exist, and to investigate whether the surgical indication for closure of the defect are anatomical or functional, we carried out a retrospective study. We evaluated the records of 161 patients, with birth dates from 1973 to 1994 (age between 0 and 21 years), so as to study the classical clinical features (history, physical examination, electrocardiogram, chest X-ray, echo-Doppler studies, cardiac catheterization, surgery). Only patients with an atrial septal defect found in isolation were included.We discovered that the classical clinical features are often not present when there is a large defect, be it functional or anatomical. The anticipated features are present in roughly two-thirds of the patients. There is also a discrepancy between the anatomical and the functional sizes of the defect. This finding creates a fundamental problem for the future, namely the indications fot closure of atrial septal defects within the oval fossa. Further studies are needed to answer this important question

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Ozyurt, Abdullah, Ali Baykan, Mustafa Argun, Ozge Pamukcu, Kazim Uzum, Figen Narin, and Nazmi Narin. "Does N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide correlate with measured shunt fraction in children with septal defects?" Cardiology in the Young 26, no. 3 (April 10, 2015): 469–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1047951115000438.

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AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study was to investigate the potential role of N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide in the assessment of shunt severity and invasive haemodynamic parameters in children with atrial septal defects and ventricular septal defects.MethodsThis is a prospective, controlled (n:62), observational study. Correlation analysis was performed between N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide levels and various invasive haemodynamic measurements in 127 children (ventricular septal defect: 64; atrial septal defect: 63). A ratio of pulmonary to systemic blood flow (Qp/Qs⩾1.5) was considered to indicate a significant shunt.ResultsStatistically significant relationship was found between the mean N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide values of the patients, with Qp/Qs⩾1.5 in both defect types and control group. For ventricular septal defect, N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide level⩾113.5 pg/ml was associated with high specificity and sensitivity for determining the significant shunt. In addition, the cut-off point for determining the significant shunt for atrial septal defect was 57.9 pg/ml. Significant positive correlation was found between all invasive haemodynamic parameters and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide levels in patients with ventricular septal defects. Whereas significant positive correlation was found only between mean pulmonary artery pressure, right ventricular end-diastolic pressure, and systemic pressure to pulmonary pressure ratio and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide levels in patients with atrial septal defects.ConclusionOur study demonstrated that the N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide measurements could be used as a supporting parameter in determining significance of the shunt.

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Prasanna Kumar, Chirag Sumithra, Bineesh K. Radhakrishnan, Remya Sudevan, and Jayakumar Karunakaran. "Tricuspid Regurgitation in Ostium Secundum Atrial Septal Defects: Repair or Not?" Heart Surgery Forum 23, no. 2 (April 23, 2020): E239—E244. http://dx.doi.org/10.1532/hsf.2859.

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Background: Longstanding ostium secundum atrial septal defects lead to functional tricuspid regurgitation. Significant functional tricuspid regurgitation associated with left heart valve disease is addressed at the time of primary left heart valve surgery. In contrast, there is no global recommendation for tricuspid regurgitation associated with atrial septal defects. This study assesses changes in tricuspid regurgitation after isolated atrial septal defect closure. Methods: Retrospectively, records were examined of 100 patients who underwent isolated ostium secundum atrial septal defect closure without tricuspid valve repair. Echocardiograms were done preoperatively and 3 days, 3 months, and 1 year after surgery. Data on tricuspid regurgitation status, right ventricle dimensions, and pulmonary artery hypertension status were collected and analyzed. Results: After surgical closure, echocardiography showed a regression of tricuspid regurgitation to mild or less in 76% of patients at 3 days, 89% at 3 months, and 93% at 1 year. Severe pulmonary artery hypertension (32% patients preoperatively) showed statistically significant regression: 14% at 3 days, 10% at 3 months, and 2% at 1 year. Preoperatively, the mean right ventricular internal diameter was 37.9 mm, which decreased to 34 ± 5.5 mm (mean ± standard deviation) at 3 days, 32.3 ± 5.3 mm at 3 months, and 31.3 ± 5.4 mm at 1 year. It was also noted that regression favored patients who were <25 years old. Conclusion: Tricuspid valve repair may not be required in patients with ostium secundum atrial septal defect with functional tricuspid regurgitation.

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Cua, Clifford L., Elizabeth E. Sparks, David P. Chan, and Curt J. Daniels. "Persistent electrical and morphological atrial abnormalities after early closure of atrial septal defect." Cardiology in the Young 14, no. 5 (October 2004): 481–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1047951104005037.

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Atrial arrhythmias are associated with enlarged atrial chambers and an increased duration of the P wave. Repair of atrial defects within the oval fossa is expected to normalize atrial size. Few studies, however, have evaluated electrical and morphological atrial features after repair. Our study was performed to determine if atrial abnormalities exist after surgical closure of such atrial septal defects, and whether early closure improves outcome. We recruited patients who had undergone surgical closure of a defect within the oval fossa, so-called “secundum” atrial septal defects. Electrocardiograms, signal averaged electrocardiograms, and echocardiograms were performed. Two-tailed test and Pearson correlation was utilized for statistical analysis. The population consisted of 20 patients and 27 controls, with the mean age of the patient being 11.25 ± 5.10 years, their age at surgery 6.55 ± 5.10 years, and the time since surgery 4.70 ± 2.61 years. The size of the right (23.88 ± 6.35 ml/m2 versus 18.84 ± 4.43 ml/m2) and left (21.91 ± 12.47 ml/m2 versus 17.72 ± 4.83 ml/m2) atrium were significantly larger in the patients. The duration of the P wave (108 ± 16 ms versus 96 ± 8 ms) and the duration of the PR interval (155 ± 18 ms versus 138 ± 23 ms) were longer. No correlation existed between age or interval since surgery with atrial sizes or measurements of the signal averaged electrocardiogram. We conclude that, despite surgical repair, abnormalities exist in patients with an atrial septal defect. Early surgery does not appear to prevent the atrial abnormalities.

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Ananthakrishna Pillai, Ajith, Amarnath Upadhyay, Saranya Gousy, and Amit Handa. "Impact of modified techniques of transcatheter closure in large atrial septal defects (⩾30 mm) with anatomic complexities." Cardiology in the Young 28, no. 10 (July 23, 2018): 1122–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1047951118001099.

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AbstractObjectiveThe outcome of transcatheter closure in ostium secundum atrial septal defects is determined by the morphology of the defects. Modified techniques such as balloon assistance, pulmonary vein deployment, left atrial roof technique, and so on are used for circumventing the anatomic complexities and increasing the success rates.MethodsWe planned a prospective study looking at the outcomes of transcatheter closure in secundum atrial septal defects with modified techniques in different anatomic complexities identified in transoesophageal echocardiography and their association with outcome of transcatheter closure.ResultsTranscatheter closure was successful in 295 out of 346 (82%) patients with modified techniques. Balloon-assisted technique offered a success rate of 87%. The mean defect size was 34.7±2.78 mm (95% confidence interval (CI) 30.67–43.1 mm) with success and 40.16±4.5 mm (95% CI 32.16–44.7) with failure (p = 0.02). The mean total septal length was 38.11±0.63 (95% CI 35.21–40.56 mm) with success and 42.54±0.34 (95% CI 38.79–43.21 mm) with failure. The defect to septal ratios were 0.82 and 0.94 in success and failure groups, respectively (p=0.02). However, the absence of a retro-aortic margin, septal aneurysm, and multiple defects did not affect the success rate. Deficient inferior vena caval margin, deficient posterior margin, and size⩾40 mm had a high risk of failure with transcatheter closure. The odds ratio for procedural failure was 25.3 (4.3–143.8) in patients with malaligned septum, 8.3(1.4–48.5) with deficient inferior vena caval margin, and 4.1(2.5–19) for size⩾40 mm.ConclusionsThe modified techniques for device deployment offer substantial chances of success in transcatheter closure of secundum atrial septal defects with anatomical complexity (82%). Variants such as defect size of⩾40 mm and deficient inferior and posterior margins have high failure rates with a modified technique.

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Baspinar, Osman, Murat Sucu, Senem Koruk, Mehmet Kervancioglu, Hasim Ustunsoy, Hayati Deniz, and Metin Kilinc. "P-wave dispersion between transcatheter and surgical closure of secundum-type atrial septal defect in childhood." Cardiology in the Young 21, no. 1 (October 4, 2010): 15–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1047951110001307.

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AbstractPatients with atrial septal defect have an increased risk for atrial fibrillation. Increased P-wave dispersion predicts the development of atrial fibrillation. The aim of this study was to determine difference in P dispersion between transcatheter closure with Amplatzer septal occluder and surgical closure in childhood. A total of 68 children (the mean age was 7.2 plus or minus 3.3 years; the mean secundum atrial septal defects diameter was 17.3 plus or minus 5.4 millimetres) were evaluated in this study. Transcatheter closure was attempted in 41 children with secundum atrial septal defects, and the defect in 27 patients was closed by surgical techniques. P maximum, P minimum and P dispersion were measured by the 12-lead surface electrocardiography. P maximum, P minimum and P dispersion were found to be similar in patients with pre- and post-procedure (98.0 plus or minus 19.3 versus 95.1 plus or minus 23.0 milliseconds; 68.0 plus or minus 20.8 versus 67.6 plus or minus 24.3 milliseconds, 29.9 plus or minus 11.0 versus 27.1 plus or minus 12.1 milliseconds, respectively). There was no statistical significance in the comparison of P dispersion between the two groups. But in the surgical group, P-wave dispersion was decreased more significantly compared with baseline values (p-value equal to 0.03). In conclusion, there is no P dispersion between transcatheter closure with Amplatzer septal occluder and surgical closure of secundum atrial septal defect.

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Ewert, Peter, Ingo Daehnert, Felix Berger, Andreas Kaestner, Gregor Krings, Michael Vogel, and Peter E. Lange. "Transcatheter closure of atrial septal defects under echocardiographic guidance without X-ray: initial experiences." Cardiology in the Young 9, no. 2 (March 1999): 136–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1047951100008349.

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AbstractBackgroundTranscatheter closure of atrial septal defects is performed under fluoroscopy, but echocardiography has gained an important role in the procedure. With the new Amplatzer Septal Occluder a device has become available which is easy to implant with minimal fluoroscopy time. We developed an interventional procedure with this device under transesophageal echocardiography alone without fluoroscopy.Methods and ResultsFour patients (3 to 16 years of age, bodyweight 14 to 60 kg) with atrial septal defects centrally located in the oval fossa were elected for transcatheter closure. After sedation with midazolam and propofol a diagnostic and interventional catheterization was performed in all cases without fluoroscopy. Oxymetric shunt was Qp: Qs = 1.7 (1.5 to 2.1). Under transesophageal echocardiography, the defects were sized over the wire with a balloon catheter. Mean balloon stretched diameter was 10 mm (7 to 14 mm). Under transesophageal echocardiography an Amplatzer Septal Occluder was placed into the defect. In two patients this was achieved with a 5 MHz monoplane pediatric transducer, in two patients a 10mm 5 MHz multiplane probe was used. Complete closure was achieved in all patients and no complications were encountered.ConclusionWe conclude that in selected cases with an atrial septal defect located in the oval fossa and clear-cut echocardiographic findings, an Amplatzer Septal Occluder can be safely deployed under echocardiographic guidance alone.

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Karmazín, Vladimír, Michael Želízko, Bronislav Janek, Tomáš Marek, Petr Lupínek, and Michal Brzák. "Percutaneous closure of atrial septal defects." Intervenční a akutní kardiologie 15, no. 1 (February 1, 2016): 37–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.36290/kar.2016.007.

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van Son, Jacques AM, Anno Diegeler, Eugene KW Sim, Rüdiger Autschbach, and Friedrich W. Mohr. "Minimally Invasive Technique for Closure of Atrial Septal Defect." Asian Cardiovascular and Thoracic Annals 6, no. 2 (June 1998): 88–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/021849239800600203.

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Minimally invasive techniques for repair of extracardiac anomalies in congenital heart disease have evolved over the last 5 years and laid the foundation for the next phase: the repair of intracardiac defects. Fifteen patients (9 females and 6 males) with a median age of 9.8 years (range, 5.2 to 54 years) underwent closure of a secundum atrial septal defect through a small right anterior thoracotomy. The right external iliac artery was cannulated through a small groin incision and the atrial septal defect was repaired during hypothermic fibrillatory arrest for a mean period of 14 ± 5 minutes. The mean length of the thoracotomy was 4.9 ± 0.8 cm (range, 4.5 to 8.8 cm) while the mean length of the groin incision was 3.9 ± 0.5 cm (range, 2.9 to 5.3 cm). In the 3 youngest patients, the external iliac artery was cannulated with an 8F arterial cannula. Direct closure of the atrial septal defect was possible in all patients. The mean operative time was 109 ± 39 minutes. There was no perioperative or late mortality and no morbidity except for a tear in the right femoral artery of a 19-year-old girl. No residual atrial septal defect was observed in any of the patients. Although minimally invasive techniques for repair of intracardiac defects are not fully developed with regard to indications, the procedure described here provided secure closure of the defects with excellent cosmetic results.

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Anuwatworn, Amornpol, Maheedhar Gedela, Edgard Bendaly, Julia A. Prescott-Focht, Jimmy Yee, Richard Clark, and Orvar Jonsson. "Sinus Venosus Atrial Septal Defect Complicated by Eisenmenger Syndrome and the Role of Vasodilator Therapy." Case Reports in Cardiology 2016 (2016): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/8164923.

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Sinus venosus atrial septal defect is a rare congenital, interatrial communication defect at the junction of the right atrium and the vena cava. It accounts for 5–10% of cases of all atrial septal defects. Due to the rare prevalence and anatomical complexity, diagnosing sinus venous atrial septal defects poses clinical challenges which may delay diagnosis and treatment. Advanced cardiac imaging studies are useful tools to diagnose this clinical entity and to delineate the anatomy and any associated communications. Surgical correction of the anomaly is the primary treatment. We discuss a 43-year-old Hispanic female patient who presented with dyspnea and hypoxia following a laparoscopic myomectomy. She had been diagnosed with peripartum cardiomyopathy nine years ago at another hospital. Transesophageal echocardiography and computed tomographic angiography of the chest confirmed a diagnosis of sinus venosus atrial septal defect. She was also found to have pulmonary arterial hypertension and Eisenmenger syndrome. During a hemodynamic study, she responded to vasodilator and she was treated with Ambrisentan and Tadalafil. After six months, her symptoms improved and her pulmonary arterial hypertension decreased. We also observed progressive reversal of the right-to-left shunt. This case illustrates the potential benefit of vasodilator therapy in reversing Eisenmenger physiology, which may lead to surgical repair of the atrial septal defect as the primary treatment.

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Wilkinson, James L., and Tiow Hoe Goh. "Early clinical experience with use of the ‘Amplatzer Septal Occluder’ device for atrial septal defect." Cardiology in the Young 8, no. 3 (July 1998): 295–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s104795110000679x.

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AbstractDevice closure of oval fossa atrial scptal defects with the Amplatzer Septal Occluder was performed in 26 patients ranging in age from 0.89 to 60.44 years. In eight additional patients no device implant was performed because of the presence of multiple defects or because the defect was of a size unsuitable for closure with the devices currently available. The strectched diameter of the defects that were closed ranged from 4 to 23 mm (mean 14±5.4 mm) and device sizes ranged from 4 to 24 mm. Two devices were unstable, of which one embolized to the right atrium after release. Both devices were retrived at the same procedure. One of these parients subsequently underwent a successful device closure of his defect using a larger (24-mm) device. Three patients had multiple defects, which were successfully closed with a single device. At 1-month follow-up 23/26 (88%) and at 3-month follow-up 22/24 (92%) patients had complete closure of their defects, while two had residual shunts. One further patient who had complete closure of his defect at 1-month post-implant had his device removed and his atrial septal defect patched surgically 8 weeks after device closure. This was done as a result of the development of a vegetation affecting the device after an episode of septicaemia, which was not relate to the cardiac problems. There was no procedure-related morbidty or martality and all patients remain well at the present time.

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Sadiq, Masood, Tehmina Kazmi, Asif U. Rehman, Farhan Latif, Najam Hyder, and Shakeel A. Qureshi. "Device closure of atrial septal defect: medium-term outcome with special reference to complications." Cardiology in the Young 22, no. 1 (July 11, 2011): 71–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s104795111100093x.

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AbstractBackgroundThere are concerns over the outcome of device closure of secundum atrial septal defect with special reference to erosions and aortic regurgitation.AimTo assess the medium-term outcome of device closure of atrial septal defects with special reference to complications.MethodsA total of 205 patients with secundum atrial septal defects underwent transcatheter closure from October, 1999 to April, 2009. The median age was 18 (1.4–55) years. Amplatzer Septal Occluder was used in all the patients. Medium-term follow-up was available in 176 of 200 (88%) patients.ResultsDevice closure was successful in 200 out of 205 (98%) patients. The device embolised in four patients and was associated with short inferior caval vein margin (p = 0.003). Balloon sizing in 71 patients (35%) resulted in implantation of a larger device (p = 0.002). Early complications included pericardial effusion, 2:1 heart block, and infective endocarditis (1 patient each). There were eight patients who reported migraine (3.9%). At median follow-up of 5.8 (0.6–10.3) years, complete closure occurred in 197 out of 200 patients. Short superior caval vein margin was associated with a residual shunt (p < 0.001). There were two patients who developed mild aortic regurgitation (1%), which correlated with a device-to-defect ratio of >1.3:1 (p = 0.001). There were no erosions, late embolisation, or thromboembolism. Atrial fibrillation occurred in three adults (1.5%).ConclusionsDevice closure of secundum atrial septal defects using Amplatzer Septal Occluder is safe and effective in the medium term. Short inferior caval vein margin correlates with increased risk of embolisation and short superior caval vein margin with a residual shunt. The risk of developing aortic regurgitation is low and correlates with increased device-to-defect ratio.

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Oda, Takeshi, Seiya Kato, and Kenji Suda. "Displacement of Amplatzer septal occluder in a patient with atrial septal defects and an atrial septal aneurysm." Cardiology in the Young 26, no. 7 (July 19, 2016): 1430–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1047951116001074.

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AbstractTranscatheter closure of atrial septal defects has become more common because of its high success rate and low morbidity; however, this treatment for patients with atrial septal aneurysms is still challenging.

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Haddad, Raymond N., Geert Maleux, Damien Bonnet, and Sophie Malekzadeh-Milani. "Transhepatic atrial septal defect closure: simple way to achieve haemostasis in a patient with important co-morbidities." Cardiology in the Young 30, no. 9 (July 8, 2020): 1343–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1047951120001833.

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AbstractPercutaneous closure is the gold standard treatment for atrial septal defects, but the procedure can be complex in case of femoral thrombosis. Although unusual for congenital interventionists, transhepatic atrial septal defect closure is an attractive alternative to the internal jugular vein, especially when approaching the interatrial septum. Herein, we report the case of an adult patient with significant co-morbidities who had successful transhepatic atrial septal defect closure after a failed transjugular attempt. We describe the use of an absorbable haemostatic gelatin sponge to efficiently and safely achieve haemostasis after the use of a large vascular sheath with combined anticoagulation and antiplatelet therapy.

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Reller, M. D. "Spontaneous Closure of Atrial Septal Defects." AAP Grand Rounds 4, no. 3 (September 1, 2000): 23–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/gr.4-3-23-a.

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Gupta, Anuja, Gaurav Kapoor, and Bharat Dalvi. "Transcatheter closure of atrial septal defects." Expert Review of Cardiovascular Therapy 2, no. 5 (September 2004): 713–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1586/14779072.2.5.713.

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Hattler, Brack G., and Tatiana Tsvetkova. "Atrial Septal Defects in the Adult." Primary Care Case Reviews 6, no. 4 (December 2003): 178–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.mpc.0000090899.78623.32.

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DeFelice, Clement A. "Percutaneous Closure Of Atrial Septal Defects." Methodist DeBakey Cardiovascular Journal 1, no. 4 (January 2005): 22–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.14797/mdcj-1-4-22.

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Hickey, Paul R., David L. Wessel, Susan L. Streitz, M. Lizanne Fox, Frank H. Kern, Nancy D. Bridges, and Dolly D. Hansen. "Transcatheter Closure of Atrial Septal Defects." Anesthesia & Analgesia 74, no. 1 (January 1992): 44???50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1213/00000539-199201000-00008.

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AUSLENDER, MARCELO, ROBERT H. BEEKMAN, and THOMAS R. LLOYD. "Transcatheter Closure of Atrial Septal Defects." Journal of Interventional Cardiology 8, no. 5 (October 1995): 533–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-8183.1995.tb00581.x.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Atrial septal defects'

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