Academic literature on the topic 'ATP Wave'

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Journal articles on the topic "ATP Wave"

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Sauer, H., J. Hescheler, and M. Wartenberg. "Mechanical strain-induced Ca2+waves are propagated via ATP release and purinergic receptor activation." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 279, no. 2 (August 1, 2000): C295—C307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.2000.279.2.c295.

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Mechanical strain applied to prostate cancer cells induced an intracellular Ca2+ (Cai 2+) wave spreading with a velocity of 15 μm/s. Cai 2+ waves were not dependent on extracellular Ca2+ and membrane potential because propagation was unaffected in high-K+ and Ca2+-free solution. Waves did not depend on the cytoskeleton or gap junctions because cytochalasin B and nocodazole, which disrupt microfilaments and microtubules, respectively, and 1-heptanol, which uncouples gap junctions, were without effects. Fluorescence recovery after photobleaching experiments revealed an absence of gap junctional coupling. Cai 2+ waves were inhibited by the purinergic receptor antagonists basilen blue and suramin; by pretreatment with ATP, UTP, ADP, UDP, 2-methylthio-ATP, and benzoylbenzoyl-ATP; after depletion of ATP by 2-deoxyglucose; and after ATP scavenging by apyrase. Waves were abolished by the anion channel inhibitors 5-nitro-2-(3-phenylpropylamino)benzoic acid, tamoxifen, 4,4′-diisothiocyanatostilbene-2,2′-disulfonic acid, niflumic acid, and gadolinium. ATP release following strain was significantly inhibited by anion channel blockers. Hence, ATP is secreted via mechanosensitive anion channels and activates purinergic receptors on the same cell or neighboring cells in an autocrine and paracrine manner, thus leading to Cai 2+ wave propagation.
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Bowser, David N., and Baljit S. Khakh. "Vesicular ATP Is the Predominant Cause of Intercellular Calcium Waves in Astrocytes." Journal of General Physiology 129, no. 6 (May 15, 2007): 485–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1085/jgp.200709780.

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Brain astrocytes signal to each other and neurons. They use changes in their intracellular calcium levels to trigger release of transmitters into the extracellular space. These can then activate receptors on other nearby astrocytes and trigger a propagated calcium wave that can travel several hundred micrometers over a timescale of seconds. A role for endogenous ATP in calcium wave propagation in hippocampal astrocytes has been suggested, but the mechanisms remain incompletely understood. Here we explored how calcium waves arise and directly tested whether endogenously released ATP contributes to astrocyte calcium wave propagation in hippocampal astrocytes. We find that vesicular ATP is the major, if not the sole, determinant of astrocyte calcium wave propagation over distances between ∼100 and 250 μm, and ∼15 s from the point of wave initiation. These actions of ATP are mediated by P2Y1 receptors. In contrast, metabotropic glutamate receptors and gap junctions do not contribute significantly to calcium wave propagation. Our data suggest that endogenous extracellular astrocytic ATP can signal over broad spatiotemporal scales.
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Okamoto, KI, and Y. Nakaoka. "RECONSTITUTION OF METACHRONAL WAVES IN CILIATED CORTICAL SHEETS OF PARAMECIUM - WAVE STABILITIES." Journal of Experimental Biology 192, no. 1 (July 1, 1994): 61–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.192.1.61.

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We reconstituted metachronal waves on ciliated cortical sheets prepared from detergent-extracted Paramecium multimicronucleatum cells. Ciliary movements of the cortical sheet, whose intracellular side adhered to a glass coverslip, were reactivated by perfusion of a basic reactivation medium containing ATP. In this condition, the ciliary field showed only unstable localised ripples. Addition of either cyclic AMP or cyclic GMP to the basic reactivation medium generated propagating metachronal waves characteristic of each nucleotide. In order to estimate the stability of the metachronal waves, autocorrelation coefficients were calculated from images of an 8 µm diameter region within the reactivated ciliary field. The decay time for the correlation coefficient to decrease to 0.5 was only 0.04 s in the basic reactivation medium, but was increased to 0.4 or 0.9 s by the addition of cyclic AMP or cyclic GMP, respectively. The decay time was dependent not only on the concentration of cyclic nucleotide but also on the wave frequency. In order to test whether cyclic-nucleotide-dependent phosphorylation affected the generation of waves, the ciliated cortical sheets were thiophosphorylated by incubation in ATP-gamma-S (adenosine-5'-o-3-thiotriphosphate) medium containing either cyclic AMP or cyclic GMP. Following this, perfusion with the basic reactivation medium generated metachronal waves only after cyclic GMP treatment. The effect of cyclic GMP is probably related to phosphorylation of ciliary proteins.
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Skorinkin, A. I., R. A. Giniatullin, and K. B. Ostroumov. "Modeling of two-wave ATP-induced currents." Neurophysiology 32, no. 3 (May 2000): 229. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02506590.

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Kim, Joon-Chul, Min-Jeong Son, and Sun-Hee Woo. "Ca2+ Signaling Triggered by Shear-Autocrine P2X Receptor Pathway in Rat Atrial Myocytes." Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry 50, no. 6 (2018): 2296–313. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000495089.

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Background/Aims: The atrium is exposed to high shear stress during heart failure and valvular diseases. We aimed to understand atrial shear-induced Ca2+ signaling and its underlying mechanisms. Methods: Pressurized micro-flow was applied to single rat atrial myocytes, and Ca2+ signal, membrane potential, and ATP release were assessed using confocal imaging, patch clamp technique, and luciferin-luciferase assay, respectively. Results: Shear stress (∼16 dyn/cm2) induced global Ca2+ waves (∼0.1 events/s) from the periphery to the center of cells in a transverse direction (“T-wave”; ∼145 μm/s). Pharmacological interventions and simultaneous recording of membrane potential and Ca2+ demonstrated that shear-induced T-waves resulted from action potential (AP)-triggered Ca2+ release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum. T-waves were not sensitive to inhibitors of known shear signaling mechanisms except connexin hemichannels and ATP release. Shear stress caused ATP release from these myocytes (∼1.1x10-17 moles/unit membrane, µm2); ATP release was increased by enhancement of connexin hemichannels and suppressed by inhibition of the hemichannels, but not affected by inhibitors of other ATP release pathways. Blockade of P2X receptor, but not pannexin or the Na+-Ca2+ exchanger, eliminated shear-induced T-wave initiation. Conclusion: Our data suggest that shear stress triggers APs and concomitant Ca2+ signaling via activation of P2X receptors by connexin hemichannel-mediated ATP release in atrial myocytes.
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Samuels, Stuart E., Jeffrey B. Lipitz, Gerhard Dahl, and Kenneth J. Muller. "Neuroglial ATP release through innexin channels controls microglial cell movement to a nerve injury." Journal of General Physiology 136, no. 4 (September 27, 2010): 425–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1085/jgp.201010476.

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Microglia, the immune cells of the central nervous system, are attracted to sites of injury. The injury releases adenosine triphosphate (ATP) into the extracellular space, activating the microglia, but the full mechanism of release is not known. In glial cells, a family of physiologically regulated unpaired gap junction channels called innexons (invertebrates) or pannexons (vertebrates) located in the cell membrane is permeable to ATP. Innexons, but not pannexons, also pair to make gap junctions. Glial calcium waves, triggered by injury or mechanical stimulation, open pannexon/innexon channels and cause the release of ATP. It has been hypothesized that a glial calcium wave that triggers the release of ATP causes rapid microglial migration to distant lesions. In the present study in the leech, in which a single giant glial cell ensheathes each connective, hydrolysis of ATP with 10 U/ml apyrase or block of innexons with 10 µM carbenoxolone (CBX), which decreased injury-induced ATP release, reduced both movement of microglia and their accumulation at lesions. Directed movement and accumulation were restored in CBX by adding ATP, consistent with separate actions of ATP and nitric oxide, which is required for directed movement but does not activate glia. Injection of glia with innexin2 (Hminx2) RNAi inhibited release of carboxyfluorescein dye and microglial migration, whereas injection of innexin1 (Hminx1) RNAi did not when measured 2 days after injection, indicating that glial cells’ ATP release through innexons was required for microglial migration after nerve injury. Focal stimulation either mechanically or with ATP generated a calcium wave in the glial cell; injury caused a large, persistent intracellular calcium response. Neither the calcium wave nor the persistent response required ATP or its release. Thus, in the leech, innexin membrane channels releasing ATP from glia are required for migration and accumulation of microglia after nerve injury.
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Agladze, Konstantin, Matthew W. Kay, Valentin Krinsky, and Narine Sarvazyan. "Interaction between spiral and paced waves in cardiac tissue." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 293, no. 1 (July 2007): H503—H513. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.01060.2006.

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For prevention of lethal arrhythmias, patients at risk receive implantable cardioverter-defibrillators, which use high-frequency antitachycardia pacing (ATP) to convert tachycardias to a normal rhythm. One of the suggested ATP mechanisms involves paced-induced drift of rotating waves followed by their collision with the boundary of excitable tissue. This study provides direct experimental evidence of this mechanism. In monolayers of neonatal rat cardiomyocytes in which rotating waves of activity were initiated by premature stimuli, we used the Ca2+-sensitive indicator fluo 4 to observe propagating wave patterns. The interaction of the spiral tip with a paced wave was then monitored at a high spatial resolution. In the course of the experiments, we observed spiral wave pinning to local heterogeneities within the myocyte layer. High-frequency pacing led, in a majority of cases, to successful termination of spiral activity. Our data show that 1) stable spiral waves in cardiac monolayers tend to be pinned to local heterogeneities or areas of altered conduction, 2) overdrive pacing can shift a rotating wave from its original site, and 3) the wave break, formed as a result of interaction between the spiral tip and a paced wave front, moves by a paced-induced drift mechanism to an area where it may become unstable or collide with a boundary. The data were complemented by numerical simulations, which was used to further analyze experimentally observed behavior.
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Li, Yang, Lynne A. Holtzclaw, and James T. Russell. "Müller Cell Ca2+ Waves Evoked by Purinergic Receptor Agonists in Slices of Rat Retina." Journal of Neurophysiology 85, no. 2 (February 1, 2001): 986–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.2001.85.2.986.

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We have measured agonist evoked Ca2+ waves in Müller cells in situ within freshly isolated retinal slices. Using an eye cup dye loading procedure we were able to preferentially fill Müller glial cells in retinal slices with calcium green. Fluorescence microscopy revealed that bath perfusion of slices with purinergic agonists elicits Ca2+ waves in Müller cells, which propagate along their processes. These Ca2+ signals were insensitive to tetrodotoxin (TTX, 1.0 μM) pretreatment. Cells were readily identified as Müller cells by their unique morphology and by subsequent immunocytochemical labeling with glial fibrillary acidic protein antibodies. While cells never exhibited spontaneous Ca2+ oscillations, purinoreceptor agonists, ATP, 2 MeSATP, ADP, 2 MeSADP, and adenosine readily elicited Ca2+ waves. These waves persisted in the absence of [Ca2+]o but were abolished by thapsigargin pretreatment, suggesting that the purinergic agonists tested act by releasing Ca2+ from intracellular Ca2+ stores. The rank order of potency of different purines and pyrimidines for inducing Ca2+ signals was 2 MeSATP = 2MeSADP > ADP > ATP ≫ αβmeATP = uridine triphosphate (UTP) > uridine diphosphate (UDP). The Ca2+signals evoked by ATP, ADP, and 2 MeSATP were inhibited by reactive blue (100 μM) and suramin (200 μM), and the adenosine induced signals were abolished only by 3,7-dimethyl-1-propargylxanthine (200 μM) and not by 1,3-dipropyl-8-(2-amino-4-chlorophenyl)-xanthine) or 8-cyclopentyl-1,3-dipropylxanthine at the same concentration. Based on these pharmacological characteristics and the dose-response relationships for ATP, 2 MeSATP, 2 MeSADP, ADP, and adenosine, we concluded that Müller cells express the P1A2 and P2Y1 subtypes of purinoceptors. Analysis of Ca2+ responses showed that, similar to glial cells in culture, wave propagation occurred by regenerative amplification at specialized Ca2+ release sites (wave amplification sites), where the rate of Ca2+ release was significantly enhanced. These data suggest that Müller cells in the retina may participate in signaling, and this may serve as an extra-neuronal signaling pathway.
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Hansen, M., S. Boitano, E. R. Dirksen, and M. J. Sanderson. "Intercellular calcium signaling induced by extracellular adenosine 5′-triphosphate and mechanical stimulation in airway epithelial cells." Journal of Cell Science 106, no. 4 (December 1, 1993): 995–1004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jcs.106.4.995.

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Airway epithelial cells in culture respond to extracellular adenosine 5′-triphosphate (ATP) by increasing their intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i). The effective concentration of ATP that elicited a Ca2+ response equal to 50% of the maximal response (EC50) was 0.5 microM. Release of ATP from a pipette to form a local gradient of ATP increased [Ca2+]i of individual cells in a sequential manner. Cells closest to the pipette showed an immediate increase in [Ca2+]i while more distal cells displayed a delayed increase in [Ca2+]i. This response to the local release of ATP appeared as a wave of increasing [Ca2+]i that spread to several cells and, in this respect, was similar to the intercellularly communicated Ca2+ waves initiated by mechanical stimulation in airway epithelial cells (Sanderson et al., Cell Regul. 1, 585–596, 1990). In the presence of a unidirectional fluid flow, the Ca2+ response to a local release of ATP was biased such that virtually all the cells responding with an increase in [Ca2+]i were downstream of the release site. By contrast, an identical fluid flow did not bias the radial propagation of intercellular Ca2+ waves induced by mechanical stimulation. Suramin, a P2-purinergic receptor antagonist, did attenuate the Ca2+ response induced by ATP but did not block the propagation of mechanically induced Ca2+ waves. Cells from young cultures (3-5 days) or those at the leading edge of an outgrowth elevated their [Ca2+]i in response to ATP. However, these cells do not respond to mechanical stimulation by the propagation of a Ca2+ wave. From these results we conclude that the intercellular Ca2+ waves elicited by mechanical stimulation are not the result of ATP or another compound released from the stimulated cell, diffusing through the extracellular fluid. This conclusion is consistent with previous experimental evidence suggesting that intercellular Ca2+ signaling in epithelial cells is mediated by the movement of inositol trisphosphate through gap junctions.
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Lu, Jian Xu, and Cheng Jia Ma. "Research on Electrical Engineering with a New Fault Location Method of Double Terminal Based on HHT." Advanced Materials Research 1003 (July 2014): 124–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1003.124.

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Among the available fault location methods based on traveling waves, calibrations of wave velocity and wave arrival time are the two main problems. This paper proposes a new fault location method which combines the two problems mentioned above. In this method, the first wave and second wave obtained at one side and the first wave obtained at the other side is used to locate the fault point. And the Hilbert-Huang transform is used in the calibration of wave arrival time, making the method more accurate than using wavelet transform. This method has the following two advantages: At first, it dismisses the influence of wave velocity. In the second, it doesn’t need to distinguish the sources of the received waves. ATP-EMTP’s simulation results show that this method is available and the location precision is higher than traditional fault location methods.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "ATP Wave"

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Edwards, James Roy. "Modelling Chemical Communication in Neuroglia." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/2184.

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In vivo many forms of glia utilise both intercellular and extracellular pathways in the form of IP3 permeable gap junctions and cytoplasmic ATP diffusion to produce calcium waves. We introduce a model of ATP and Ca2+ waves in clusters of glial cells in which both pathways are included. Through demonstrations of its capacity to replicate the results of existing theoretical models of individual pathways and to simulate experimental observations of retinal glia the validity of the model is confirmed. Characteristics of the waves resulting from the inclusion of both pathways are identified and described.
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Edwards, James Roy. "Modelling Chemical Communication in Neuroglia." University of Sydney, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/2184.

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Master of Science
In vivo many forms of glia utilise both intercellular and extracellular pathways in the form of IP3 permeable gap junctions and cytoplasmic ATP diffusion to produce calcium waves. We introduce a model of ATP and Ca2+ waves in clusters of glial cells in which both pathways are included. Through demonstrations of its capacity to replicate the results of existing theoretical models of individual pathways and to simulate experimental observations of retinal glia the validity of the model is confirmed. Characteristics of the waves resulting from the inclusion of both pathways are identified and described.
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Wang, Qiuhong. "Fault Location and Classification for Transmission Line Based on Wavelet Transform." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-187676.

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With the rapid development of power systems, locating and classifying faults is critical to the continuity and reliability of the transmission system. In this thesis, a traveling-wave based technique for fault location and classification on high voltage and extremely high-voltage transmission lines is proposed. The traveling-wave based protection has the advantage of fast response and not being affected by power swing and CTs saturation. In this thesis, the transient characteristics of single line to ground fault (which can be divided into solid fault and arcing fault) and lightning disturbance are extracted by using Clarke transformation and wavelet transformation. The differences among recorded traveling wave arrival times are used to calculate the fault location, and the wavelet energy at different frequency bands is utilized to distinguish between lightning and different kinds of fault. A criterion is proposed according to the energy ratio. The proposed scheme can identify different faults correctly and quickly. In addition, the influence of busbar capacitance, current transformer and coupling capacitor voltage transformer are considered. The simulation of a transmission system has been made in ATP/EMTP, and the calculations have been made in MATLAB.
Med den snabba utvecklingen av kraftsystem är lokalisering och klassificering av fel avgörande för kontinuiteten och tillförlitligheten hos överföringssystem. I denna avhandling föreslås en vågrörelse-baserad teknik för fellokalisering och klassificering av kraftledningar för högspänning och extremt hög spänning. Vågrörelsebaserat skydd har fördelen av snabb respons och att det inte påverkas av kraft fluktuationer och strömtransformsmättnad. I denna avhandling tas momentana egenskaperna av jord till ledningsfel (vilket kan delas in i stumt jordfel och ljusbågefel) och blixtstörning fram med hjälp av Clarke transformation och wavelet transformation. Skillnaderna mellan de uppmätta vågrörelsernas ankomsttider används för att beräkna fellokalisering och wavelet energin vid olika frekvensband, vilket används för att skilja mellan blixt och olika sorters fel. Ett kriterium föreslås enligt energiförhållandet. Det föreslagna systemet kan identifiera olika sorters fel korrekt och snabbt. Dessutom övervägs påverkan av strömskenans kapacitans, strömtransformator och kopplingskondensatorspänningsomvandlare. Simuleringen av transmissionssystem har gjorts med ATP/EMTP, och beräkningarna är gjorda med MATLAB.
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Santos, Cancel Mirelis. "Development of Electrochemical Sensors with Enhanced Specificity and Temporal Resolution for Biological Applications." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1553613866098747.

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Thore, Sophia. "Regulation of Phospholipase C and Plasma Membrane Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate in Insulin-Secreting Cells." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis : Univ.-bibl. [distributör], 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-6677.

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Wang, Bingnan. "Wave propagation in photonic crystals and metamaterials surface waves, nonlinearity and chirality /." [Ames, Iowa : Iowa State University], 2009. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3389159.

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Schuetz, Christopher Arnim. "Optical techniques for millimeter-wave detection and imaging." Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 179 p, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1397913011&sid=3&Fmt=2&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Helfrich, L. Cody. "Estimating oceanic internal wave energy from seismic reflector slope spectra." Laramie, Wyo. : University of Wyoming, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1594476671&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=18949&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Janowick, Tara. "Feminist discourse across the waves : a rhetorical criticism of first, second and third wave women's discourse /." Available to subscribers only, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1559850881&sid=10&Fmt=2&clientId=1509&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Hughes, I. G. "Rydberg wave packets." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.335824.

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Books on the topic "ATP Wave"

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Wall, W. F., A. Carramiñana, L. Carrasco, and P. F. Goldsmith, eds. Millimeter-Wave Astronomy: Molecular Chemistry & Physics in Space. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4714-9.

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1938-, Sawaoka Akira, ed. Shock waves in materials science. Tokyo: Springer-Verlag, 1993.

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P, Raĭzer I͡U, ed. Physics of shock waves and high-temperature hydrodynamic phenomena. Mineola, N.Y: Dover Publications, 2002.

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International Conference on Metallurgical and Materials Applications of Shock-Wave and High-Strain-Rate Phenomena (1995 El Paso, Tex.). Metallurgical and materials applications of shock-wave and high-strain-rate phenomena: Proceedings of the 1995 International Conference on Metallurgical and Materials Applications of Shock-Wave and High-Strain-Rate Phenomena (EXPLOMET '95). Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1995.

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Brun, Raymond. High Temperature Phenomena in Shock Waves. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012.

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Fortov, V. E. High-Pressure Shock Compression of Solids VII: Shock Waves and Extreme States of Matter. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2004.

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Ill.) American Physical Society Topical Conference on Shock Compression of Condensed Matter (2011 Chicago. Shock compression of condensed matter--2011: Proceedings of the Conference of the American Physical Society Topical Group on Shock Compression of Condensed Matter, held in Chicago Illinois, USA, June 26-July 1, 2011. Edited by Elert Mark and American Physical Society. Topical Group on Shock Compression of Condensed Matter. Melville, N.Y: American Institute of Physics, 2012.

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American, Physical Society Topical Conference on Shock Compression of Condensed Matter (7th 1991 Williamsburg Va ). Shock compression of condensed matter--1991: Proceedings of the American Physical Society Topical Conference held in Williamsburg, Virginia, June 17-20, 1991. Amsterdam: North-Holland, 1992.

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Mark, Elert, and American Physical Society, eds. Shock compression of condensed matter--2009: Proceedings of the Conference of the American Physical Society Topical Group on Shock Compression of Condensed Matter held in Nashville, Tennessee, June 28-July 3, 2009. Melville, NY: American Institute of Physics, 2009.

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C, Schmidt S., and Tao W. C, eds. Shock compression of condensed matter--1995: Proceedings of the Conference of the American Physical Society Topical Group on Shock Compression of Condensed Matter held at Seattle, Wasington, August 13-18, 1995. Woodbury, New York: AIP Press, 1996.

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Book chapters on the topic "ATP Wave"

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Goss, W. M., Claire Hooker, and Ronald D. Ekers. "The Evolution of Aperture Synthesis Imaging." In Historical & Cultural Astronomy, 613–50. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-07916-0_37.

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AbstractThe theme of interference between radio waves played a key unifying role throughout Pawsey’s career. Pawsey used radio-wave interference to study the structure of the ionosphere for his PhD research (Chap. 7), and it was Pawsey who first realised that radio images of the sky could be made from measurements of radio interference. Since these observations are made in the aperture plane and not the image plane, this is referred to as “indirect imaging”. When electromagnetic waves from the same source combine, they can either reinforce or cancel depending on the path difference. This makes the classical beating interference patterns often referred to as “fringes”. The first interference patterns in the radio were seen by Hertz between 1886 and 1889 during the course of his experiments to prove that the radio waves he had detected had the interference properties predicted by Maxwell’s electromagnetic theory (Pierce, 1910).
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Taylor, Stephen R. "Sources & Signals." In Nanohertz Gravitational Wave Astronomy, 53–86. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003240648-4.

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Taylor, Stephen R. "Gravity & Gravitational Waves." In Nanohertz Gravitational Wave Astronomy, 5–34. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003240648-2.

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Kneubühl, Fritz K. "Instabilities & Chaos." In Oscillations and Waves, 300–330. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-03468-2_6.

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Schauer, Franz, Michal Gerza, Michal Krbecek, and Miroslava Ozvoldova. "“Remote Wave Laboratory” with Embedded Simulation – Real Environment for Waves Mastering." In Online Engineering & Internet of Things, 182–89. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-64352-6_18.

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Boyd, John P. "The “Long Wave” Approximation & Geostrophy." In Dynamics of the Equatorial Ocean, 69–85. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-55476-0_4.

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Mauskopf, Philip. "Millimeter Wave Bolometers." In Millimeter-Wave Astronomy: Molecular Chemistry & Physics in Space, 459–74. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4714-9_28.

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Buonanno, Alessandra. "Gravitational Wave Astronomy." In Astronomy at the Frontiers of Science, 87–106. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1658-2_5.

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Madison, D. H., S. Jones, A. Franz, and P. L. Altick. "Asymptotically Exact Distorted Wave Calculations." In (e, 2e) & Related Processes, 171–84. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2036-4_11.

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Long, Steven R., and Jochen Klinke. "A Closer Look at Short Waves Generated by Wave Interactions with Adverse Currents." In Gas Transfer at Water Surfaces, 121–28. Washington, D. C.: American Geophysical Union, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/gm127p0121.

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Conference papers on the topic "ATP Wave"

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Lu, X. Lucas, Bo Huo, Andrew D. Baik, and X. Edward Guo. "Intercellular Calcium Wave Propagation in Linear and Circuit-Like Bone Cell Networks." In ASME 2010 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2010-19365.

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Intracellular calcium ([Ca2+]i) transients in response to mechanical stimulation can be propagated to neighboring cells in bone cell networks, which provides an essential mechanism for cell-cell communication in bone. Transfer of intracellular second messengers (e.g., IP3 and Ca2+) through gap junction pores and the diffusion of extracellular ATP to activate membrane receptors have long been conjectured as the two major pathways for intercellular Ca2+ wave propagation [1]. In this study, by comparing the calcium wave in open-end linear and looped circuit-like cell chains, the roles of gap junction intercellular communication (GJIC) and extracellular ATP diffusion in calcium wave propagation in bone cell networks were examined. The results were further confirmed with pathway-inhibitor studies performed on linear cell chains.
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Sadat-Hosseini, Hamid, Serge Toxopeus, Dong Hwan Kim, Teresa Castiglione, Yugo Sanada, Mark Stocker, Claus Simonsen, Janne Flensborg Otzen, Yasuyuki Toda, and Frederick Stern. "Experiments and Computations for KCS Added Resistance for Variable Heading." In SNAME 5th World Maritime Technology Conference. SNAME, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/wmtc-2015-149.

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Experiments, CFD and PF studies are performed for the KCS containership advancing at Froude number 0.26 in calm water and regular waves. The validation studies are conducted for variable wavelength and wave headings with wave slope of H/λ=1/60. CFD computations are conducted using two solvers CFDShip-Iowa and STAR-CCM+. PF studies are conducted using FATIMA. For CFD computations, calm water and head wave simulations are performed by towing the ship fixed in surge, sway, roll and yaw, but free to heave and pitch. For variable wave heading simulations, the roll motion is also free. For PF, the ship model moves at a given speed and the oscillations around 6DOF motions are computed for variable wave heading while the surge motion for head waves is restrained by adding a very large surge damping. For calm water, computations showed E<4%D for the resistance,<8%D for the sinkage, and <40%D for the trim. In head waves with variable wavelength, the errors for first harmonic variables for CFD and PF computations were small, <5%DR for amplitudes and <4%2π for phases. The errors for zeroth harmonics of motions and added resistance were large. For the added resistance, the largest error was for the peak location at λ/L=1.15 where the data also show large scatter. For variable wave heading at λ/L=1.0, the errors for first harmonic amplitudes were <17%DR for CFD and <26%DR for PF. The comparison errors for first harmonic phases were E<24%2π. The errors for the zeroth harmonic of motions and added resistance were again large. PF studies for variable wave headings were also conducted for more wavelength condition, showing good predictions for the heave and pitch motions for all cases while the surge and roll motions and added resistance were often not well predicted. Local flow studies were conducted for λ/L=1.37 to investigate the free surface profile and wake field predicted by CFD. The results showed a significant fluctuation in the wake field which can affect the propeller/engine performance. Additionally it was found that the average propeller inflow to the propeller is significantly higher in waves.
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Suzuki, Ichiro, Takaaki Shimura, Akihiko Mitsuishi, Kaoru Iwamoto, and Akira Murata. "Experimental Study on Drag Reduction Effect With Traveling Wave Control Using PIV Measurement." In ASME-JSME-KSME 2019 8th Joint Fluids Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ajkfluids2019-4855.

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Abstract The influence of the traveling wave control on flow fields is evaluated by experiments using a traveling wavy wall in a fully developed turbulent dual channel flow. We develop a traveling wave generator using a rubber sheet and piezoelectric actuator as a vibration source. A single piezoelectric actuator is installed in the upstream position of the channel. Experiments are performed using traveling waves attenuating in the downstream direction. With traveling wave control, effective drag reduction is confirmed when bulk Reynolds number is within the range of 2000 < Reb < 6000. For Reb = 3000, the maximum drag reduction rate of 10% is obtained. In order to evaluate a relationship between the amplitude attenuation of traveling wave and drag reduction effect, particle image velocimetry (PIV) at multiple positions is performed. Increase of drag is observed near the vibration source whereas drag decreased at other positions. Reduction of random component of Reynolds shear stress can be ascribed to the drag reduction.
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Brühl, Markus, and Hocine Oumeraci. "The Inverse KdV-Based Nonlinear Fourier Transform (KdV-NLFT): Nonlinear Superposition of Cnoidal Waves and Reconstruction of the Original Data." In ASME 2014 33rd International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2014-24162.

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Since 2008, at Leichtweiß-Institute for Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources at TU Braunschweig a KdV-based nonlinear Fourier transform is implemented and successfully applied to numerical and hydraulic model test data of solitary wave fission behind submerged reefs [1]. The KdV-NLFT is the application of the direct and inverse scattering transform for the solution of the Korteweg-deVries equation. This approach explicitly considers both solitons and oscillatory waves (cnoidal waves) as spectral basic components for the decomposition of the original data. Furthermore, the nonlinear wave-wave interactions between the nonlinear spectral basic components are explicitly considered in the analysis. The direct KdV-NLFT decomposes the original data into cnoidal waves and provides wave heights, wave numbers or frequencies, phases and the moduli which are a measure of the nonlinearity of cnoidal waves. Details of this procedure are given in Brühl & Oumeraci [2]. The interpretation of the nonlinear spectral basic components is described in Brühl & Oumeraci [3]. The inverse KdV-NLFT which is addressed here calculates the nonlinear wave-wave interactions between cnoidal waves and provides the original data by superposition of cnoidal waves and their nonlinear interactions. The practical application of the KdV-NLFT for the analysis of long-wave propagation in shallow water is presented in Brühl & Oumeraci [4].
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Fujimoto, Wataru, and Takuji Waseda. "The Relationship Between the Shape of Freak Waves and Nonlinear Wave Interactions." In ASME 2016 35th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2016-54768.

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The local shapes of freak waves are essential to estimate responses of ships or offshore structures by freak waves for limit state design or maritime accident survey. It is known that freak waves deform like a crescent and their trough depth become asymmetric in directional and irregular wave fields. Meanwhile, Class I & II instabilities also affect wave shape. We discussed how those instabilities affect the geometry of freak waves, using Higher Order Spectrum Method (HOSM) which is a fast simulator of water wave. This paper investigated the relationship between Class I & II instabilities and the nonlinear order of HOSM to separate the effects of the different order nonlinear instabilities on freak waves. This investigation and freak wave simulations by HOSM clarified that four-wave Class I instability with finite width wave spectra affected both the crescent deformation and the asymmetry. The results showed that Class II instability effects to the freak wave shapes were not significant.
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Hamada, Eigai, Shoichi Morita, Ayumu Iiboshi, and Tetsuya Hiraishi. "Automatic Tsunami Barrier." In ASME 2021 40th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2021-62575.

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Abstract The Anti-Tsunami Laboratory (ATL) invented and developed the Anti-Tsunami Door (ATD) barrier as an automatic tsunami barrier. In September 2018, ATL and Kyoto University tested a mid-scale model of a three-stage ATD unit and confirmed its performance: (1) functioning automatically (refer to Figure 9); (2) achieving reasonable wave height reduction, which is approximately 40%–80% that of a solid barrier of the same height; and (3) demonstrating reasonable strength for a wooden structure under the mid-scale model test conditions. ATL had planned to test a large-scale model of an ATD unit in Oregon State University in May 2020, but that test has been delayed owing to the COVID-19 pandemic. Because the wave pressure on the ATD unit is expected to be high during the large-scale model test, ATL requested that the Explosion Research Institute (ERI) simulate the wave pressure on a large-scale model ATD unit, and based on the results, ATL will reinforce the ATD unit. After testing the large-scale model unit, ATL will install ATD barriers along the coast of Japan, customizing the barrier for specific tsunami hazards.
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Hamada, Eigai. "Automatic Tsunami Barrier." In ASME 2022 41st International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2022-79320.

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Abstract The Anti-Tsunami Laboratory (ATL) invented and developed the Anti-Tsunami Door (ATD) barrier as an automatic tsunami barrier. In September 2018, ATL and Kyoto University tested a mid-scale model of a three-stage ATD unit and confirmed its performance: (1) functioning automatically (refer to Figure 9); (2) achieving reasonable wave height reduction, which is approximately 40%–80% that of a solid barrier of the same height; and (3) demonstrating reasonable strength for a wooden structure under the mid-scale model test conditions. ATL had firstly planned to test a large-scale model of an ATD unit in Oregon State University (OSU) in May 2020, but that test has been delayed owing to the COVID-19 pandemic. Currently ATL plan to do it in March 2022. Because the wave pressure on the ATD unit is expected to be high during the large-scale model test, ATL requested that the Explosion Research Institute (ERI) simulate the wave pressure on a large-scale model ATD unit, and based on the results, ATL will reinforce the ATD unit. After testing the large-scale model unit, ATL will install ATD barriers along the coast of Japan, customizing the barrier for specific tsunami hazards.
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Vijayalakshmi, K., S. Neelamani, and R. Sundaravadivelu. "Wave Loads on a Perforated Circular Caisson and Suction Pipe of a Sea Water Intake Structure." In ASME 2004 23rd International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2004-51071.

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The wave force on a seawater intake well model consisting of a perforated circular caisson (500mm diameter) encircling a vertical suction pipe (50mm dia) is measured experimentally. The effect of porosity of the caisson wall, incident wave height and wave period on the in-line forces on the caisson and suction pipe is investigated. The porosity of the caisson was varied from 4.54% to 19.15%. Waves of wide ranges of heights and periods were used. The wave forces on the outer caisson & inner cylinder, water surface fluctuations in the interior & exterior of the caisson and wave run-up on the outer caisson & inner cylinder are studied. The present paper includes the wave forces on the outer perforated circular caisson and inner circular cylinder due to regular waves only.
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de Korte, Edwin, Jim B. W. Kok, and Theo H. van der Meer. "Full Simulation of Natural Waves in Falling Films." In ASME 2001 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2001/fed-24924.

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Abstract The two dimensional Navier Stokes equations have been solved for a falling film flow, i.e. a laminar flow running down a vertical wall driven by gravity. The aim of this research is to describe the onset of natural waves by using full simulation of the Navier-Stokes equations. In order to find the natural wave the flow velocity at the the inlet boundary (top horizontal plane) is perturbed. With the boundary condition described above the fastest growing wave is triggered for a range of Reynolds numbers in the laminar wavy range. The wave numbers and velocities agree with results based on Orr-Sommerfeld theory reported by Pierson & Whitaker [7] for Re = 5.90 and Re = 11.8. For Re = 23.5 a different wavelength triggered than the one predicted by linear stability analysis. However the wavespeeds are in reasonable agreement with each other. A complete understanding for this phenomenon is not found yet. There is shown that the behavior of the waves is strongly non-linear and transient. In this work is to illustrate that the wave profiles can be calculated by simply solving the Navier-Stokes equations without any prior assumptions.
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Chen, Pisin, and Ronald D. Ruth. "A comparison of the plasma beat wave accelerator and the plasma wake field accelerator." In AIP Conference Proceedings Volume 130. AIP, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.35302.

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Reports on the topic "ATP Wave"

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Bain, Rachel, Richard Styles, and Jared Lopes. Ship-induced waves at Tybee Island, Georgia. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), December 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/46140.

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Commercial vessels transiting the Savannah entrance channel intermittently generate large wake events at Tybee Island, Georgia, creating a potential hazard for beachgoers. However, not all commercial vessels generate large wakes, and the relationship between vessel dimensions, operating conditions, wake height, and drawdown magnitude is unclear. This study evaluates bathymetric data, high-frequency wave and vessel wake measurements, and broadcast vessel identification over a 4-month period with the goal of providing a quantitative characterization of vessel wake conditions at Tybee Island. Data from 1,386 cargo vessel passages and 202 tanker passages indicate that vessel dimensions (length and beam) are positively correlated with drawdown magnitude and secondary wake height, although large vessels do not consistently generate large wakes. Container ships, which tended to travel faster than tankers, corresponded to the largest wakes in the dataset. A further hypothesis is that tidally modulated energy dissipation may favor smaller vessel wake uprush at low tide and larger uprush at high tide, but this idea cannot be confirmed without additional measurements to quantify nonlinear wave propagation on the beach face. Based on the collected data, the study concludes with four recommendations for reducing risk to beachgoers.
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Galperin, Yu M., D. A. Parshin, and V. N. Solovyev. Nonlinear Low-Temperature Absorption of Ultrasound and Electromagnetic Waves in Glasses. [б. в.], August 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/0564/1243.

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Our aim is to consider nonlinear absorption of ultrasonic (or electromagnetic) waves by two-level systems (TLS's ) in glasses. We are interested in the relaxational contribution to the absorption (the resonant one, if present, saturates at very low intensity of the wave).
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Styles, Richard, Rachel Bain, and Anthony Priestas. Method to evaluate vessel wake forces on wetland scarps. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/45304.

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This Coastal and Hydraulics engineering technical note (CHETN) presents a methodology to compute normal forces on wetland perimeters with vertically scarped edges. The approach uses an empirical algorithm that predicts the normal force given the offshore vessel wake height, period, and water depth at a given point. Wave impact forces are measured using load cells, which have not been applied previously to marsh settings. Load cell and vessel wake measurements from two field sites are combined to generate an empirical transfer function relating forces to incoming vessel wake characteristics.
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Ding, Yan, Q. Chen, Ling Zhu, Julie Rosati, and Bradley Johnson. Implementation of flexible vegetation into CSHORE for modeling wave attenuation. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), February 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/43220.

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This technical report presents the new numerical modeling capabilities for simulating wave attenuation and mean water level changes through flexible vegetation such as smooth cordgrass in coastal and marine wetlands. These capabilities were implemented into the Cross-SHORE (CSHORE) numerical model. The biomechanical properties of vegetation such as dimensions, flexibility, and bending strength are parameterized in terms of the scaling law. Correspondingly, a new formulation of the vegetation drag coefficient, CD, is developed using field data from a salt marsh in Terrebonne Bay, LA, by considering spatially varying effective stem and blade heights of species. This report also presents a general procedure for using the model to simulate hydrodynamic variables (i.e., waves, currents, mean water levels) at vegetated coasts, which are used to quantify the effects of wave attenuation and reduction of surge and runup due to vegetation. Preliminary model validation was conducted by simulating a set of laboratory experiments on synthetic vegetation, which mimicked the flexibility of Spartina alterniflora. The validation results indicate that the newly developed vegetation capabilities enable CSHORE to predict changes of wave heights and water levels through marshes by considering species-specific biomechanical features. The model is also applicable to assess vegetation effectiveness against waves and surges.
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Bhatt, Mihir R., Shilpi Srivastava, Megan Schmidt-Sane, and Lyla Mehta. Key Considerations: India's Deadly Second COVID-19 Wave: Addressing Impacts and Building Preparedness Against Future Waves. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/sshap.2021.031.

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Since February 2021, countless lives have been lost in India, which has compounded the social and economic devastation caused by the second wave of COVID-19. The sharp surge in cases across the country overwhelmed the health infrastructure, with people left scrambling for hospital beds, critical drugs, and oxygen. As of May 2021, infections began to come down in urban areas. However, the effects of the second wave continued to be felt in rural areas. This is the worst humanitarian and public health crisis the country has witnessed since independence; while the continued spread of COVID-19 variants will have regional and global implications. With a slow vaccine rollout and overwhelmed health infrastructure, there is a critical need to examine India's response and recommend measures to further arrest the current spread of infection and to prevent and prepare against future waves. This brief is a rapid social science review and analysis of the second wave of COVID-19 in India. It draws on emerging reports, literature, and regional social science expertise to examine reasons for the second wave, explain its impact, and highlight the systemic issues that hindered the response. This brief puts forth vital considerations for local and national government, civil society, and humanitarian actors at global and national levels, with implications for future waves of COVID-19 in low- and middle-income countries. This review is part of the Social Science in Humanitarian Action Platform (SSHAP) series on the COVID-19 response in India. It was developed for SSHAP by Mihir R. Bhatt (AIDMI), Shilpi Srivastava (IDS), Megan Schmidt-Sane (IDS), and Lyla Mehta (IDS) with input and reviews from Deepak Sanan (Former Civil Servant; Senior Visiting Fellow, Centre for Policy Research), Subir Sinha (SOAS), Murad Banaji (Middlesex University London), Delhi Rose Angom (Oxfam India), Olivia Tulloch (Anthrologica) and Santiago Ripoll (IDS). It is the responsibility of SSHAP.
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Costley, D., Luis De Jesús Díaz,, Sarah McComas, Christopher Simpson, James Johnson, and Mihan McKenna. Multi-objective source scaling experiment. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/40824.

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The U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center (ERDC) performed an experiment at a site near Vicksburg, MS, during May 2014. Explosive charges were detonated, and the shock and acoustic waves were detected with pressure and infrasound sensors stationed at various distances from the source, i.e., from 3 m to 14.5 km. One objective of the experiment was to investigate the evolution of the shock wave produced by the explosion to the acoustic wavefront detected several kilometers from the detonation site. Another objective was to compare the effectiveness of different wind filter strategies. Toward this end, several sensors were deployed near each other, approximately 8 km from the site of the explosion. These sensors used different types of wind filters, including the different lengths of porous hoses, a bag of rocks, a foam pillow, and no filter. In addition, seismic and acoustic waves produced by the explosions were recorded with seismometers located at various distances from the source. The suitability of these sensors for measuring low-frequency acoustic waves was investigated.
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Pierce, Penny F. U.S. Army Deployment Resilience & Retention: Wave II. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, August 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada608909.

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Menikoff, Ralph. Detonation Waves: models & experiments. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1089880.

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Lehman, S. Wave-Based Inversion & Imaging for the Optical Quadrature Microscope. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/886667.

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Melby, Jeffrey, Thomas Massey, Abigail Stehno, Norberto Nadal-Caraballo, Shubhra Misra, and Victor Gonzalez. Sabine Pass to Galveston Bay, TX Pre-construction, Engineering and Design (PED) : coastal storm surge and wave hazard assessment : report 1 – background and approach. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41820.

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The US Army Corps of Engineers, Galveston District, is executing the Sabine Pass to Galveston Bay Coastal Storm Risk Management (CSRM) project for Brazoria, Jefferson, and Orange Counties regions. The project is currently in the Pre-construction, Engineering, and Design phase. This report documents coastal storm water level and wave hazards for the Port Arthur CSRM structures. Coastal storm water level (SWL) and wave loading and overtopping are quantified using high-fidelity hydrodynamic modeling and stochastic simulations. The CSTORM coupled water level and wave modeling system simulated 195 synthetic tropical storms on three relative sea level change scenarios for with- and without-project meshes. Annual exceedance probability (AEP) mean values were reported for the range of 0.2 to 0.001 for peak SWL and wave height (Hm0) along with associated confidence limits. Wave period and mean wave direction associated with Hm0 were also computed. A response-based stochastic simulation approach is applied to compute AEP runup and overtopping for levees and overtopping, nappe geometry, and combined hydrostatic and hydrodynamic fluid pressures for floodwalls. CSRM structure crest design elevations are defined based on overtopping rates corresponding to incipient damage. Survivability and resilience are evaluated. A system-wide hazard level assessment was conducted to establish final recommended system-wide CSRM structure elevations.
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