Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Atomic'
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Lombardi, Pietro Ernesto. "Coherent manipulation of the internal state of an atomic gas : from atomic memories to atomic interferometers." Paris 6, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA066417.
Full textThis thesis work is devoted to the exploration of coherent methods for the manipulation of atomic internal states. The final aim is to create a robust scheme for the realization of a quantum memory capable of storing the quantum state of a light pulse in an atomic coherence. I have explored two different experimental realizations, both based on electromagnetically induced transparency in a three level Lambda scheme. The first realization was based on Zeeman sub-levels of Cesium atoms in a room temperature cell (realized in the group of Elisabeth Giacobino at LKB, Paris). In this experiment we characterized a memory based on the D2 line of 133Cs. In the presence of Doppler broadening the EIT effect is strongly reduced due to the presence of adjacent transitions. We developed a model to describe the optical response of the complete system including off-resonant transitions. We then experimentally verified the model and found a method to enhance the transparency based on velocity selective optical pumping. The second realization was instead based on hyperfine states of ultracold Rubidium atoms held in a magnetic microtrap (realized in the group of F. S. Cataliotti at LENS, Firenze). In this experiment we observed a strong reduction (by almost 6 orders of magnitude) in the speed of light within the atomic sample, a promising step towards the realization of coherent information storage. We developed also a method to measure the relative phase of light pulses using atomic interferometry. These findings open an interesting alternative route for the detection of quantum coherence and non-classical states
Grimble, Ralph Ashley. "Atomic force microscopy : atomic resolution imaging and force-distance spectroscopy." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.312277.
Full textArora, Bindiya. "Modeling of atomic systems for atomic clocks and quantum information." Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 159 p, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1654501311&sid=2&Fmt=2&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
Full textGajinov, Vladimir. "Atomic dataflow model." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/284658.
Full textCon el reciente cambio en el diseño de los procesadores de propósito general pasando del aumento de frecuencia al incremento del número de núcleos, la programación paralela se ha convertido en importante no solo para la comunidad científica sino también para la programación en general. Este hecho ha enfatizado la importancia de la programabilidad de los modelos actuales de programación paralela, cuyo objetivo era el rendimiento. Pronto se observó la necesidad de nuevos modelos de programación, para hacer factible la programación paralela a toda la comunidad. Transactional Memory (TM) es un ejemplo de dicho objetivo. Supone una gran mejora sobre cualquier método anterior de sincronización en términos de programabilidad, con una posible reducción del rendimiento como coste. La razón principal de dicha degradación es el sobrecoste de la ejecución transaccional. Nuestro trabajo en la paralelización del motor del juego Quake es un claro ejemplo de este problema. Demostramos que Software Transactional Memory es superior en términos de programabilidad a los modelos de programación basados en locks, pero que el rendimiento es entorpecido por el sobrecoste introducido por TM. Mientras tanto, se ha invertido un importante esfuerzo de investigación para superar dicho problema. Nuestra solución se dirige hacia la mejora del rendimiento del código transaccional reduciendo los conflictos con la información contenida en las transacciones. La idea se basa en la organización del código en el cual la información conflictiva es promocionada a señales del flujo de datos que coordinan la ejecución de las transacciones. La contribución principal de esta tesis es Atomic Dataflow Model (ADF), un nuevo modelo de programación para C/C++ basado en tareas que integra abstracciones de flujo de datos en el modelo de programación de la memoria compartida. El modelo ADF provee construcciones del lenguaje que permiten al programador la definición del programa como un conjunto de tareas, además de la definición explícita de las dependencias de datos para cada tarea. La información de dependencia de la tarea se transmite al runtime de ADF, que construye un grafo de tareas que es el que controla la ejecución de un programa. Adicionalmente, el modelo ADF permite que las tareas compartan información. La idea principal es que la computación es activada por el flujo de datos entre tareas, pero que dentro de una tarea la ejecución ocurre haciendo actualizaciones atómicas a un estado común mutable. Para conseguir este fin, el modelo ADF utiliza TM, que garantiza la atomicidad en las modificaciones de la memoria compartida. La segunda contribución es DaSH, el primer conjunto de benchmarks para los modelos de programación de flujo de datos híbridos y los de memoria compartida. DaSH contiene 11 benchmarks, cada uno representativo de uno de los Berkeley dwarfs que captura patrones de comunicaciones y procesamiento comunes en un amplio rango de aplicaciones emergentes. DaSH incluye implementaciones secuenciales y de memoria compartida basadas en OpenMP y TBB que facilitan la comparación entre los modelos híbridos de flujo de datos e implementaciones de memoria compartida. Nosotros usamos DaSH no solo para evaluar ADF, sino también para compararlo con otros dos modelos híbridos para identificar sus ventajas. Finalmente, estudiamos la aplicabilidad de dichos modelos híbridos para la paralelización del motor del juego. Mostramos que disminuyen la complejidad de la implementación paralela, eliminando o reestructurando la sincronización explícita que es necesaria en las implementaciones de memoria compartida. También se observa una buena escalabilidad y una aceleración mejor, especialmente en el caso de un ambiente de juego muy cargado. En última instancia, sobre una máquina con ocho núcleos se ha obtenido una aceleración del 4.72x comparado con el código secuencial, y una mejora del 49% sobre la implementación paralela basada en locks.
Monteillet, Aurélien. "Atomic Schrödinger Operator." Thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Mathematics, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-121420.
Full textCunningham, David. "Locking atomic sections." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.516350.
Full textSchef, Peter. "Weak Atomic Interactions." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : Physics Department, Stockholm University, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-1064.
Full textBailey, Stephen Malcolm William. "Relativistic atomic photoionization." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.387976.
Full textPriedeman, Jonathan Lake. "Quantifying Grain Boundary Atomic Structures Using the Smooth Overlap of Atomic Positions." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2018. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/6770.
Full textListon, Gregory John. "The Atomic Trampoline Cavity." Thesis, University of Auckland, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/2292/1913.
Full textMcAlinden, Mary Trea. "Atomic collisions involving positrons." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.317480.
Full textPiccolomo, Savino. "Chip-scale atomic magnetometer." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2016. http://digitool.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=27528.
Full textSataline, Christopher J. "Remotely-sensed atomic magnetometry." Thesis, Boston University, 2013. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/12213.
Full textCoherent population trapping (CPT) effects can be realized with frequency mod- ulated lasers and compact vapor cells of alkali metals such as Rubidium-87. Using these optical resonances, one can readily measure the hyperfine separation of this three-level atom. In the presence of a magnetic field, the Zeeman effect causes magnetic sublevels of these hyperfine ground states to split; the frequency of such splitting can be measured in an ensemble of Rubidium atoms with the magnetometer we have constructed. While other groups have constructed magnetometers based on these effects, none to our knowledge have investigated the capability to measure magnetic fields remotely. Most atomic-optical magnetometers,colocate the transmit and receive optical system with the vapor cell itself or require fiber optics at the location of the cell; our free-space technique with a reflective geometry lends itself to measurement at distances greater than could be achieved with those methods. We have developed a laboratory FM laser spectrometer that interrogates CPT resonances to measure magnetic fields with the vapor cell not necessarily co-located with the spectrometer. Its intrinsic linewidth (in the presence of transit-time broadening) is less than 30 kilohertz, which allows measurements on the order of 2 microtesla. We present results concerning the accuracy of the magnetometer at about one meter of standoff distance, and describe considerations for measurements at longer distances.
Batdorf, Brian James. "Cesium atomic resonance filter." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/185406.
Full textJonke, Alex P. "Atomic metal/polyaniline composites." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/49070.
Full textTrypogeorgos, Dimitrios. "Periodically driven atomic systems." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:93785d4c-76d0-41c3-bf0a-5551108d8189.
Full textMiles, Jessica. "Atomic Nanofabrication with Chromium." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.516404.
Full textConkey, Donald B. "On-Chip Atomic Spectroscopy." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2007. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd1746.pdf.
Full textO'Connor, Daryl John. "Atomic collisions with surfaces." Thesis, Canberra, ACT : The Australian National University, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/144473.
Full textOlwell, Russell Brian. "Atomic workers, atomic city : labor and community in Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 1942-1950." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/9852.
Full textBinnie, Anna-Eugenia. "From atomic energy to nuclear science : a history of the Australian Atomic Energy Commission." [Sydney] : Macquarie University Physics Department, 2003. http://www.ansto.gov.au/libsite/Fulltext/Binnie_atomic-energy.pdf.
Full textZheng, Ximeng. "Fiber post-processing and atomic spectroscopy for the development of atomic-vapour photonic microcell." Thesis, Limoges, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LIMO0031/document.
Full textThis thesis reported on atomic spectroscopy for the development of alkaline atomic vapor photonic microcell (PMC). The work is motivated by reproducing the outstanding laboratory environment based performances achieved in the fields of frequency standard and coherent optics in highly compact and stand-alone devices that can be accessible to a wider scientific community or to a commercial market. In our case these future devices will be based a Hollow-core photonic crystal fiber (HC-PCF) filled with a gas phase material to form a PMC, and outstands with an ultra-long long interaction length and micrometric modal area. However, the micrometric scale of the fiber core harboring the atoms raises several technical and scientific challenges. Among the technical challenges, we list the development of efficient process for atom loading inside long hollow fiber with small core diameter, the suppression or mitigation of physio-chemical reactivity of the atoms (i.e. Rubidium) with the fiber core inner-surface silica etc. In parallel, the large surface-to-volume ratio of the fiber-core raises questions like the coherence relaxation dynamics and the nature and effect of the atom-surface interaction. The thesis reports on fiber-core inner surface coating with different materials to mitigate the physio-chemical reactions of the confined atoms with the surface, on tapering large core inhibited coupling Kagome HC-PCF, and splicing technique that ensures low splice loss and no atomic reactivity during the splicing process. In parallel, the thesis reports on a set of spectroscopy experiments to assess the relaxation dynamics of atoms inside HC-PCF and to report on novel sub-Doppler transparencies
Matsukevich, Dzmitry. "Quantum networking with atomic ensembles." Diss., Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2006, 2006. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/etd-07072006-173336/.
Full textKennedy, Brian, Committee Member ; Chapman, Michael, Committee Member ; Kuzmich, Alex, Committee Chair ; Raman, Chandra, Committee Member ; Voss, Paul, Committee Member.
Oelgoetz, Justin Ryan. "Atomic data and plasma spectroscopy." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1155738124.
Full textZhang, Liang. "Stability analysis of atomic structures." Diss., University of Iowa, 2006. http://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/70.
Full textRoy, Amit Kumar. "Atomic Layer Deposition onto Fibers." Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-qucosa-85451.
Full textDas Hauptziel dieser Dissertation bestand darin nachzuweisen, dass die Atomlagenabscheidung (engl. atomic layer deposition (ALD)) auf „endlose“ Fasern angewendet werden kann. Es wurde ein Reaktor zur Atomlagenabscheidung gestaltet, der speziell für die Beschichtung meterlanger Faserbündel geeignet ist. Aluminiumoxid, Titanoxid, Doppelschichten aus Aluminiumoxid und Titanoxid sowie Aluminiumphosphat wurden mit Hilfe des selbstgebauten Reaktors auf Kohlefaserbündel abgeschieden. Rasterelektronenmikroskopische (REM) und transmissionselektronenmikroskopische (TEM) Aufnahmen zeigten, dass die Beschichtung auf den Fasern einheitlich und oberflächentreu war. Des Weiteren wurde eine gute Adhäsion zwischen Beschichtung und Fasern beobachtet. Das Prinzip der Beschichtung mit Titanoxid und Aluminiumoxid mit Hilfe der ALD war bereits vorher bekannt und im Rahmen dieser Dissertation jedoch erstmals auf "endlose" Fasern angewendet. Des Weiteren wird in dieser Dissertation erstmals gezeigt, dass es möglich ist, Aluminiumphosphat mittels ALD abzuscheiden (sowohl auf planaren Oberflächen als auch auf Fasern). Aluminiumphosphat könnte von besonderem Interesse in der Faserbeschichtung sein, da es ein relativ weiches Material ist und könnte daher als eine Art „schwacher“ Verbindung zwischen Faser und Matrix in Kompositen dienen. Die Oxidationsbeständigkeit von beschichten Kohlefasern wurde im Vergleich zu unbeschichteten Fasern bis zu einem gewissen Grad erhöht. Monoschichten von Aluminiumoxid und Titanoxid waren dafür wenig effektiv. Aluminiumphosphatbeschichtete Fasern waren deutlich besser geeignet als die beiden anderen. Eine Doppelschicht aus Titanoxid gefolgt von Aluminiumoxid verbesserte die Oxidationsbeständigkeit nochmals deutlich gegenüber allen anderen Beschichtungen, die in dieser Dissertation verwendet wurden. Mikroröhren aus Aluminiumoxid, Titanoxid und Doppelschichten wurden durch die selektive Entfernung der zugrunde liegenden Kohlefasern erhalten. Einzelne Mikroröhren waren von benachbarten Röhren getrennt und sie weisen eine nahezu einheitliche Wanddicke auf
Parthey, Christian Godehard. "Precision Spectroscopy on atomic hydrogen." Diss., lmu, 2011. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-139433.
Full textHagman, Henning. "Atomic transport in optical lattices." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för fysik, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-38648.
Full textCarnally, Stewart Antoni Michael. "Carbon nanotube atomic force microscopy." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.491631.
Full textAndersson, Erika. "Quantum information and atomic networks." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm, 2000. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-3068.
Full textAyuel, Kuacgor Karlo. "Atomic current densities and magnetism." [S.l. : Amsterdam : s.n.] ; Universiteit van Amsterdam [Host], 2000. http://dare.uva.nl/document/80882.
Full textJudge, Andrew. "Alchemy in the atomic age." [Ames, Iowa : Iowa State University], 2008.
Find full textGagnon, Morris Alexis. "Nanolithography using an atomic microscope." Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=80270.
Full textAnscombe, Marcel Philip. "Nonlinear optics with atomic coherence." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.404378.
Full textHoldsworth, P. C. W. "Correlation effects in atomic diffusion." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.355755.
Full textPlimmer, Mark David. "Laser spectroscopy of atomic systems." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.329991.
Full textNunn, Joshua. "Quantum Memory in Atomic Ensembles." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.526095.
Full textLahiri, Jayeeta. "Interface Modifications with Atomic Monolayer." Scholar Commons, 2010. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/3641.
Full textPoser, Stefan. "Austin-Roadstar und Atomic Lab." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-139057.
Full textDavies, Hilary Jane. "An optically guided atomic fountain." Thesis, Durham University, 1999. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/4580/.
Full textHiggins, Katrina Bernadette. "Positron scattering by atomic hydrogen." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.317443.
Full textScholz, Timothy Theodore. "Electron scattering by atomic hydrogen." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.335441.
Full textThomas, Malcolm. "Electron scattering by atomic oxygen." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.337031.
Full textSmith, P. A. "Dynamics of chemiluminescent atomic reactions." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.372672.
Full textHarris, M. "Collisional effects in atomic spectra." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.352727.
Full textDuffield, Roger John. "Direct atomisation furnace atomic absorption." Thesis, University of Leeds, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.236310.
Full textRitchie, Robert B. "Chemical routes to atomic nitrogen." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.359346.
Full textHe, Fanny. "The atomic lambda-mu calculus." Thesis, University of Bath, 2018. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.761031.
Full textStein, Andrew John 1978. "A metrological atomic force microscope." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/16885.
Full textIncludes bibliographical references (p. 245-248).
This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
This thesis describes the design, fabrication, and testing of a metrological atomic force microscope (AFM). This design serves as a prototype for a similar system that will later be integrated with the Sub-Atomic Measuring Machine (SAMM) under development in collaboration with the University of North Carolina at Charlotte. The microscope uses a piezoelectric tube scanner with a quartz tuning fork proximity sensor to image three-dimensional sample topographies. The probe position is measured with a set of capacitance sensors, aligned so as to minimize Abbe offset error, for direct measurement of probe tip displacements. A PC-based digital control system provides closed-loop control of the lateral scanning and axial height regulation actions of the probe assembly. The lateral scanning system, which dictates the probe's motion in directions parallel to the sample plane, has measured -3 dB closed-loop bandwidths of 189 Hz and 191 Hz in the X and Y directions, respectively. Meanwhile, the axial height regulator, which adjusts the length of the tube scanner to control for a constant gap between the probe tip and the sample surface, has demonstrated a -3 dB closed-loop bandwidth of as high as 184 Hz. The metrological AFM is operational and has been used to collect several images of sample surfaces. Images taken of a silicon calibration grating indicate that the microscope can easily resolve 100 nm-scale step changes in height. However, several errors are observed in the image data. Possible reasons for these errors are discussed, and ideas for follow-on work are suggested.
by Andrew John Stein.
S.M.
Harczuk, Ignat. "Atomic decomposition of molecular properties." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Teoretisk kemi och biologi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-187168.
Full textI denna avhandling utvecklas ny metodik för beräkningar av egenskaper medolika tillämpningar. Vi använder kvantmekanik för att beräkna egenskaper hosmolekyler, och använder sedan dessa egenskaper som bas i klassiska ekvationer.Dessa approximationer visas vara bra i flera sammanhang, vilket gör det direktmöjligt att beräkna linjära och icke-linjära egenskaper i större system.De beräknade molekylära egenskaperna delas upp i atomära bidrag genomLoProp transformationen, en metod endast beroende av den atomära överlapps-matrisen. Detta ger möjligheten att representera en molekyls egenskaper i entvåatomsbasis, vilket ger atomära, och bindningscentrerade kraftfält tagna frånde molekylära multipoler och polarisabiliteter.Eftersom att den originella LoProp transformationen var formulerad medstatiska fält, så utvecklas och implementeras i denna avhandling LoProp meto-den ytterligare för frekvensberoende egenskaper. Genom den andra ordnin-gens störning med avseende på externa fält, så formuleras LoProp så att di-rekt bestämning av första ordningens hyperpolariserbarhet för atomära po-sitioner blir möjlig. De ursprungliga Applequist ekvationerna skrivs om tillen kvadratisk representation för att göra det möjligt att beräkna den andraordningens induktion av dipolmomenten för punktdipoler med hjälp av denförsta hyperpolariserbarheten. Detta gör det möjligt att beräkna den totalahyperpolariserbarheten för större system. Här används den statiska polariser-barheten och hyperpolariserbarheten framtagna via LoProp transformationenför att beräkna ett systems egenskaper då det utsätts av ett externt elektrisktfält via Applequists ekvationer till andra ordningen.Tillämpningar presenteras av den implementerade LoProp metodiken medden utvecklade andra ordnings Applequist ekvationer för olika system. Detpolariserbara kraftfältet som fås av lokalisering av α testas genom studier avabsorptionsspektrat för det gröna fluorescerande proteinet. Via beräkningar avden lokala frekvensavhängande polariserbarheten α(ω), testas effekten av de ex-terna störningar på klassiska och blandade kvant-klassiska egenskaper. Genomden linjära frekvensberoende polariserbarheten så studeras även Rayleigh sprid-ning av atmosfärs partiklar. Via LoProp transformationen av hyperpolariser-barheten i kombination med de kvadratiska Applequist ekvationerna så un-dersöks modellens rimlighet för vattenkluster av varierande storlek. Genom attanvända Tholes exponentiella dämpningsschema så beräknas hyper-Rayleighspridningen för kollagen. Den atomära dispersionskoefficienten beräknas via delokala bidragen till den imaginära delen av den linjära polariserbarheten. Slutli-gen visar vi hur LoProp tekniken tillsammans med en s.k. inkapslingsmetod kananvändas i QM/MM beräkningar av Röntgenfotoelektron spektra av polymerer.
QC 20160517