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Journal articles on the topic 'Atomic-Nuclear Energy'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 6 September 2023

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1

Getaldić, Ana, Marija Surić Mihić, Galla Uroić, and Želimir Veinović. "NUCLEAR AND RADIOLOGICAL DATA AVAILABLE IN THE INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY (IAEA) DATABASES." Rudarsko-geološko-naftni zbornik 38, no. 1 (2023): 49–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.17794/rgn.2023.1.5.

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Having access to relevant data is essential for ensuring the quality and outreach of research work. In the context of the nuclear field, access to information and data facilitates competence building, long-term professional development, research, and information dissemination. Potential users of nuclear information resources come from different domains: scientists, experts, students, and the public. One of the main roles of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) is to ensure and promote peaceful uses of atomic energy worldwide. Through their activities, the IAEA strongly encourages the exchange of scientific and technical information. This paper presents an overview of different nuclear and radiological data available in several International Atomic Energy Agency databases. All data is available free of charge for educational and informational use. A summary of information is given for each database presented on the content, access options, copyright, acknowledgement, and dissemination of the available information. A concise summary of this various data might help in capacity building, as well as encourage research and information sharing between different stakeholders in the field.

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2

Nikolaev, M. N. "Nuclear-Physical Foundation of Atomic Energy." Atomic Energy 123, no. 4 (February 2018): 219–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10512-018-0329-1.

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3

Hassan, Israa M., and Freed M. Mohammed. "Employing Some of Nuclear Models to Study the Energy Levels of Odd Atomic Mass Nuclei." NeuroQuantology 20, no. 3 (March 26, 2022): 182–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.14704/nq.2022.20.3.nq22058.

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The energy levels and their Gamma Transitions for the nuclei are important characteristics for identify its properties, and the moment of inertia is one of the important parameters in determining energy levels. accordingly many nuclear models have been developed in successive periods of time for this study, according to the movement of the nuclei. The energy levels were calculated for all values of the total nuclear momentum and parity by applying the nuclear shell model and the Generalized Variable Moment of Inertia with the addition of some limits in order to obtain accurate and inclusive results for all Nuclei. In This paper we have include nuclie whom their energy levels have not previously been studied theoretically and for which only experimental data are available and these Nuclei are: (11Na27, 26Fe59, 35Br79, 40Zr81, 39Y91, 38Sr97, 49In107 48Cd121, 77Ir191, 89Ac221) and this model was designed with a developed program (Matlab-2020) and the results were compared with the practical data and they were in good agreement.

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4

Schwinger, J. "Nuclear energy in an atomic lattice. 1." Zeitschrift f�r Physik D Atoms, Molecules and Clusters 15, no. 3 (September 1990): 221–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01437184.

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5

Nichols, A. L., O. Schwerer, and S. Dunaeva. "Atomic and nuclear data services of the International Atomic Energy Agency." Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Sciences: Physics 71, no. 9 (September 2007): 1334–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3103/s1062873807090304.

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6

Batyrbekov, Erlan. "Converting nuclear energy into the energy of coherent optical radiation." Laser and Particle Beams 31, no. 4 (September 19, 2013): 673–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034613000098.

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AbstractThis paper is devoted to the question of the conversion of nuclear energy into the energy of coherent optical radiation. The two possible ways to convert nuclear energy into laser radiation are discussed: direct and combined nuclear pumping. The concept of using laser gas active media capable of working with both direct and combined nuclear pumping is considered. The results of an investigation by Kazakh scientists on nuclear pumped lasers active media on bound–bound atomic transitions are presented.

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7

Handrlica, J. "“ATOMIC LAW” OR “NUCLEAR LAW”? AN ACADEMIC DISCUSSION REVISITED." BRICS Law Journal 5, no. 3 (October 13, 2018): 135–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.21684/2412-2343-2018-5-3-135-151.

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The terms “atomic law” and “nuclear law” are regularly being (to a certain part as synonyms) used in both scientific and popular literature to refer to a body of legal norms, governing peaceful uses of nuclear energy and ionizing radiation, as provided by sources of international law (“international atomic law,” or “international nuclear law”), national legislation and a complex body of unbinding norms (soft law). Further, several other variations of these terms are also regularly used (such as “atomic energy law,” “nuclear energy law,” “international nuclear law,” “law of the atomic/nuclear energy,” etc.). This contribution aims to identify the origins of this terminological labyrinth and to deal with the perception of these terms in the legal scholarship. Further, this contribution deals with the recent perception of these terms in the legal science of major States, using nuclear energy for peaceful purposes. This article aims to clarify the existing terminology, which is to large extent being used in the literature without an appropriate explanation. The author pleads for a consequent use of the term “nuclear law” (droit nucléaire, yadernoe pravo, Nuklearrecht, derecho nuclear, diritto nucleare) and presents arguments for such conclusion.

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8

SANDERS, B. "Nuclear Safeguards: The International Atomic Energy Agency and World Nuclear Order." Science 241, no. 4863 (July 15, 1988): 363. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.241.4863.363.

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9

Schwinger, J. "Nuclear Energy in an Atomic Lattice: Causal Order." Progress of Theoretical Physics 85, no. 4 (April 1, 1991): 711–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1143/ptp/85.4.711.

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10

Bartle, K. D. "Atomic and nuclear methods in fossil energy research." Fuel 64, no. 4 (April 1985): 574. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0016-2361(85)90098-5.

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11

Snowdon, Lloyd R. "Atomic and nuclear methods in fossil energy research." Chemical Geology 48, no. 1-4 (March 1985): 359–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0009-2541(85)90059-2.

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12

Platter, Lucas. "Low-Energy Universality in Atomic and Nuclear Physics." Few-Body Systems 46, no. 3 (August 11, 2009): 139–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00601-009-0057-0.

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13

Młynarkiewicz, Łukasz. "IMPLEMENTACJA WYBRANYCH ZASAD BEZPIECZEŃSTWA JĄDROWEGO I OCHRONY RADIOLOGICZNEJ MIĘDZYNARODOWEJ AGENCJI ENERGII ATOMOWEJ W POLSKIM PRAWIE ATOMOWYM." Studia Iuridica, no. 87 (October 12, 2021): 331–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.31338/2544-3135.si.2020-87.16.

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The subject of this study is the analysis of three selected fundamental principles of nuclear safety and radiation protection based upon the Polish and international nuclear law. In this article, the author characterises the substantive content, the normative meaning, as well as the legal basis of the legal measures implementing: the principle of prime responsibility for safety, the principle of role of government in the context of nuclear framework for safety, and lastly, the principle of leadership and management for safety. The interpretation and conceptual meaning of presented principles refer to the Fundamental Safety Principles, adopted by the International Atomic Energy Agency. On the basis of co-operation and voluntary harmonisation, the IAEA has formulated ten safety principles in order to achieve a fundamental safety objective, which is the protection of people and the environment from harmful effects of ionising radiation. Moreover, the national strategy and policy for the development of nuclear safety and radiological protection, as referred to in Article 39p of the Act of 29 November 2000 on Atomic Law1, requires, inter alia, the establishment of the principles of nuclear safety and radiation protection. Consequently, the relation between the Fundamental Safety Principles and the aforementioned strategy, as well as the importance of the principles observed in processes of establishing and applying provisions of Polish nuclear law are also analysed in this study.

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14

Debarberis, L. "INNOVATIVE DEPLOYMENT OF NUCLEAR ENERGY TO ENHANCE SUSTAINABLE ENERGY SUPPLY." Strategic decisions and risk management, no. 4 (November 2, 2014): 68–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.17747/2078-8886-2011-4-68-71.

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Further development of nuclear energy demands an innovative approach. Today electric energy is a main product of most nuclear power plants. However more than 60% of energy produced by NPP is dissipated as heat thrown together with water out into rivers or atmosphere. Production of heat energy on the basis of the nuclear one may become an alternative to the existing methods of atomic power use. Nuclear power plants will work as macro heat power plants thus globally positioning nuclear energy in capacity of the foundational source of clean energy, expanding fields of its use and giving it a higher social priority.

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15

Bertsch, G. F., and K. Yabana. "Atomic clusters with nuclear methods." Nuclear Physics A 649, no. 1-4 (March 1999): 423–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0375-9474(99)00092-5.

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16

Rothschild, Rachel. "Environmental Awareness in the Atomic Age." Historical Studies in the Natural Sciences 43, no. 4 (November 2012): 492–530. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/hsns.2013.43.4.492.

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The U.S. military first sponsored ecological research during World War II to monitor the release of radioactive effluent into waterways from plutonium production. The Atomic Energy Commission later expanded these investigations to include studies of radioactive fallout at the Nevada and Marshall Island test sites, particularly after the Fukuryu Maru (Lucky Dragon) accident in 1954. The public outcry against nuclear testing from this accident, which contaminated nearby inhabited islands with radioactive fallout, resulted in a considerable influx of funding for environmental science at the Atomic Energy Commission. Many biologists who conducted these studies on nuclear fallout and waste for the Atomic Energy Commission began to develop concerns about radioactive pollution in the environment from the long-term, cumulative effects of nuclear waste disposal, the use of atomic bombs for construction projects, and the potential ecological devastation wrought by nuclear war. Their new environmental awareness prompted many Atomic Energy Commission ecologists to try to draw congressional attention to the dangers that nuclear technology posed to the environment. It also spurred reforms in the education and training of ecologists to meet the challenges of the atomic age through the new subfield of “radioecology” as well as research into problems of environmental pollution more broadly.

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17

Barlow, Andrew. "The International Atomic Energy Agency and World nuclear order." International Affairs 65, no. 3 (1989): 524–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2621734.

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18

Donnelly, Warren. "The international atomic energy agency and world nuclear order." Energy Policy 17, no. 2 (April 1989): 190–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0301-4215(89)90105-5.

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19

BOGONENKO, V. "PRINCIPLES FOR CARRYING OUT ACTIVITIES ON THE USE OF NUCLEAR ENERGY." Vestnik of Polotsk State University Part D Economic and legal sciences 62, no. 12 (November 14, 2022): 103–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.52928/2070-1632-2022-62-12-103-107.

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On the example of the legislation of the Republic of Belarus, the main principles (principles) of the implementation of activities on the use of atomic energy are considered. The norms of domestic legislation and the provisions of international acts in the field of carrying out activities on the use of atomic energy are analyzed. Emphasis is placed on national legislation on the use of atomic energy, on environmental protection, and on industrial and radiation safety. The legal characteristics of individual institutions of nuclear law are given. The foreign legal experience related to the activity on the use of atomic energy is considered. References are made to IAEA materials. The practice of international legal regulation of relations on the use of atomic energy and nuclear activity in general is touched upon. During the study, formal-logical, private law methods, as well as a comparative legal method were used. Conclusions are drawn regarding the topic of the study.

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20

Orce, J. N. "Polarizability effects in atomic nuclei." International Journal of Modern Physics E 29, no. 03 (March 2020): 2030002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218301320300027.

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This work sheds light upon how the atomic nucleus polarizes throughout the nuclear chart. Deviations from the well-known behavior of the nuclear dipole polarizability — which smoothly increases with increasing atomic mass number — are investigated. Relative enhancements are found for light nuclei as the nuclear symmetry energy decreases and, within a nucleus, as its excitation energy increases. These two properties are related by a diminishing binding energy of the nuclear system. Contrarily, hindrances of nuclear polarizability are observed in the photo-neutron cross-section data and photon-strength functions of semi-magic nuclei with [Formula: see text], 50 and 82, which support the presence of shell effects at low-lying excitations and — assuming validity of the Brink-Axel hypothesis — at high-excitation energies up to the quasi-continuum region. These features assign the nuclear dipole polarizability as a sensitive measure of the long-range correlations of the nuclear force, and provide a new spectroscopic probe to investigate collective phenomena, shell closures, and the elusive nuclear symmetry energy. Particular cases of quadrupole collectivity are also discussed in terms of the available, and yet so scarce, information on nuclear polarizability (e.g. Sn and Ni isotopes).

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21

Petrescu, Florian Ion, and Relly Victoria Petrescu. "NANO ENERGY." Engevista 19, no. 2 (May 8, 2017): 267. http://dx.doi.org/10.22409/engevista.v19i2.760.

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We live in a world that although saves energy by developing software however still consume an increasing amount of energy annually. Major energy crises world have caused the repeated political crises, economic, industrial, social, religious, and even military. While fossil energy issue is threatened with exhaustion and the nuclear fission is totally unfriendly, we are at the time when humanity must find new energies, alternative, renewable, sustainable, cost-effective, non-hazardous. Besides solar, wind, hydro, geothermal, tidal, present work comes to propose and other new alternative energy type nano. In turn it proposes the nuclear fusion energy, energy produced from matter and antimatter, and energy produced using high power lasers. After 1950, began to appear nuclear fission plants. The fission energy was a necessary evil. In this mode it stretched the oil life, avoiding an energy crisis. Even so, the energy obtained from oil represents about 66% of all energy used. At this rate of use of oil, it will be consumed in about 40 years. Today, the production of energy obtained by nuclear fusion is not yet perfect prepared. But time passes quickly. We must rush to implement of the additional sources of energy already known, but and find new energy sources. In these circumstances this paper comes to proposing possible new energy sources. The movement of an electron around the atomic nucleus has today a great importance in many engineering fields. Electronics, aeronautics, micro and nanotechnology, electrical engineering, optics, lasers, nuclear power, computing, equipment and automation, telecommunications, genetic engineering, bioengineering, special processing, modern welding, robotics, energy and electromagnetic wave field is today only a few of the many applications of electronic engineering. This paper presents shortly in the last chap. a new and original relation which calculates the radius with that the electron is running around the atomic nucleus. For a Bohr energetically level (n=a constant value), one determines now two energetically below levels, which form an electronic layer. The author realizes by this a new atomic model, or a new quantum theory, which explains the existence of electron-clouds without spin, and promises, that application, construction of some high-energy laser.

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22

Lowe, David. "Australia’s Atomic Past." Journal of Applied History 2, no. 1-2 (October 22, 2020): 98–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/25895893-bja10010.

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Abstract I ask in this article whether the legacies of Australia’s nuclear past, including the great secrecy surrounding testing of weapons in the 1950s and 1960s, and subsequent clean-ups, have impacted in particular ways that have ongoing ramifications for policy relating to uranium mining and nuclear energy. My starting point is the sustained examination of the pros and cons of developing the nuclear fuel cycle in Australia, a Parliamentary Committee Inquiry from 2006. Contrasting the submissions and discussions of this committee with exhibition and educational materials relating to the legacies of atomic testing, I suggest that one of the biggest opportunities for constructive policy conversation on nuclear energy suffered from the absence of trust among different groups. This derived, in good measure, from distinctive features in popular remembering of Australia’s atomic past. In 2006, it fed the exasperation of nuclear advocates who did not, and perhaps still do not, appreciate that the neat separation of uranium mining and energy generation from Australia’s earlier encounters with the atom is very hard. Relatedly, I argue that the secrecy around governments’ involvement in atomic testing, and its legacies, is likely to be seized on regularly; and likely to sustain what is a reservoir of public mistrust of government policy.

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23

Ahn, Jihyun, Junsung Park, Hayoung Sim, Geunyoeng An, and Hee Seo. "Design requirements of safeguards sealing system for real-time verification." Nuclear Technology and Radiation Protection 36, no. 4 (2021): 376–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/ntrp2104376a.

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To ensure the peaceful use of nuclear energy, nuclear safeguards are applied in member states of the International Atomic Energy Agency the Non-Proliferation Treaty. The two main goals of nuclear safeguards are effectiveness and efficiency. The International Atomic Energy Agency has a great interest in using a containment and surveillance technology to maintain continuity of knowledge. A representative means of a containment and surveillance technology is a sealing system to alert the user to tampering. The existing sealing systems used by the International Atomic Energy Agency are of limited utility for real-time verification purposes. To address this limitation, the present study analyzed the design requirements of a sealing system proposed by various institutions including the International Atomic Energy Agency, the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, a number of national laboratories, and companies. Then, we identified the appropriate design requirements of this system for real-time verification. The next step is to develop a real-time verification sealing system based on the design requirements identified and discussed herein. Such a system is expected to significantly enhance the efficiency of nuclear safeguards.

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24

Chupp, Tim. "Nuclear and Atomic Electric Dipole Moments." Nuclear Physics A 827, no. 1-4 (August 2009): 428c—435c. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2009.05.094.

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25

Sidorenko, V. A. "Safe use of atomic (Nuclear) power (Nuclear Safety)." Physics of Atomic Nuclei 76, no. 13 (December 2013): 1621–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1063778813130103.

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26

Busagala, L. S. P., and A. M. Kayanda. "Awareness Enhancement on Atomic Energy and Nuclear Technology Applications Using ICT." AFRICAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED RESEARCH 8, no. 1 (May 28, 2022): 362–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.26437/ajar.03.2022.24.

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Purpose: There have been a lot of applications of atomic energy and nuclear technology in different development activities in Tanzania but it seems that people are not aware of this. On the other hand, ICT has been reported to enhance the awareness of various issues. It is not known how much ICT takes a role in enhancing the awareness of atomic energy and nuclear applications in Tanzania. This study therefore aimed at uncovering the role of ICT in enhancing awareness of atomic energy and nuclear technology applications in Tanzania. Design/Methodology/Approach: The study used a quantitative method whereby a five scale Likert-scale questionnaire was used to collect data from higher education students and the public. The descriptive statistics and a t-test were used as part of the analysis of the findings. Findings: The results show that generally, most students and people from the public are not aware of the applications of nuclear technology in Tanzania (Mean: 3.18) and most of them (Mean: 3.42) have not been using ICT to get information on nuclear technology application in Tanzania. It was also found that there is a significant difference (p<0.05) between students and the public in both awareness and perception of the use of ICT to increase awareness with a small effect (0.2<d<0.5). Implications/Research Limitations: The study involved university/college students in all fields and also the people from the public from any field and any study level; which may call for more studies on more specific groups. The study focused on Tanzania which may be limited to the environment present. Practical Implication: This study is useful in the process of taking necessary measures on increasing awareness among Tanzanians and especially students who can be the future experts in the field of nuclear technology.

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27

Turchetti, Simone. "A Most Active Customer." Historical Studies in the Natural Sciences 44, no. 5 (2014): 470–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/hsns.2014.44.5.470.

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After World War II had ended, Italy, not unlike other developed countries, held the ambition to establish an atomic energy program. The Peace Treaty of 1947 forbade its administration from seeking to acquire atomic weaponry, but in 1952 a national research committee was set up to explore the peaceful uses of atomic energy, in particular with regard to building nuclear reactors. One of the committee’s goals was to use nuclear power to make the country less reliant on foreign energy provisions. Yet, this paper reveals that the atomic energy project resulted in actually increasing Italy’s dependence on overseas assistance. I explain the reasons for this outcome by looking at the unfolding of U.S.–Italy relations and the offers of collaboration in the atomic energy field put forth by the U.S. State Department and the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission. I argue that these offers undermined plans to shape the nuclear program as its Italian architects had envisioned, caused them to reconsider the goal of self-sufficiency in energy provisioning, and reconfigured the project to be amenable to the security and economic priorities of the U.S. administration. In this way, I conclude, the path for the Italian project to “de-develop” was set.

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28

Mohammed, Tawfik Mahmood. "Calculation of potential energy of molecules and kinetic energy of electrons on Slater functions basis." University of Aden Journal of Natural and Applied Sciences 22, no. 2 (October 31, 2018): 471–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.47372/uajnas.2018.n2.a20.

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In this work, common analytical expression for potential energies of molecules (interaction energy between electrons and nuclear, and between electrons), and kinetic energies of electrons have been obtained. As basis functions Slater , Atomic Orbitals have been used. By applying Hartree-Fock-Roothaan method, calculations for some two atomic molecules with closed and open electronic shells have been carried out. The accuracy of the calculations have been checked by virial theorem.

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29

Kocsis, Bianka Enikő. "The International Atomic Energy Agency and problems of nuclear security." Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Law = Agrár- és Környezetjog 21 (2016): 41–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.21029/jael.2016.21.41.

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30

ISHII, K., T. SATOH, S. MATSUYAMA, H. YAMAZAKI, Y. TOKAI, A. SUGIMOTO, and K. YAMAMOTO. "OBSERVATION OF INTERFERENCE BETWEEN ATOMIC BREMSSTRAHLUNG AND NUCLEAR BREMSSTRAHLUNG." International Journal of PIXE 09, no. 01n02 (January 1999): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129083599000024.

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An aluminum target was bombarded with 1.5 MeV protons and continuous x-rays were measured at the angles of 45°, 90° and 135° with respect to the beam direction. By investigating the shape of the x-ray energy spectrum, it was recognized that, the continuous x-rays below 12 keV are atomic bremsstrahlung (AB) and those of above 12 keV are nuclear bremsstrahlung (NB), and AB and NB are mingled in the energy region of around 12 keV The x-ray energy dependence of angular distributions presented well a change from the process of AB to that of NB in the continuous x-ray spectrum. Interference between AB and NB were discussed on the basis of PWBA theory. Continuous x-ray production cross sections were calculated on the basis of PWBA BEA and a semi-classical theory and compared with the experimental results. The theoretical prediction reproduced well the experimental cross sections over the wide range of 6 orders in magnitude and of 2 keV – 35 keV in the energy except for the energy region mingled with AB and NB. The ratio of the theoretical cross sections to the experimental ones showed an interference effect between AB and NB in their mingled region.

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31

McCarthy, Christine. ""Peaceful uses": New Zealand atomic architecture." Architectural History Aotearoa 12 (October 1, 2015): 17–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.26686/aha.v12i.7686.

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Prior to the 1968 National power plan, which identified the need for nuclear power in New Zealand, the New Zealand government entertained serious proposals for nuclear power generation. Peaceful uses of atomic energy were seen as the answer to post-war power shortages. This paper will examine the context and the architecture which promoted the building of atomic and nuclear power plants in New Zealand during the 1950s, including the international models considered, and the "proposed atomic power plant for Auckland."

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32

Seshavatharam, U. V. S., and S. Lakshminarayana. "Role of Four Gravitational Constants in Nuclear Structure." Mapana - Journal of Sciences 18, no. 1 (January 1, 2019): 21–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.12723/mjs.48.2.

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This paper attempts to understand the role of the four gravitational constants in the nuclear structure whichhelps in understanding the nuclear elementary charge, the strong coupling constant, nuclear charge radii,nucleon magnetic moments, nuclear stability, nuclear binding energy and Neutron life time. The three assumed atomic gravitational constants help in understanding neutron-proton stability. Electromagnetic and nuclear gravitational constants play a role in understanding proton-electron mass ratio, Bohr radius and characteristic atomic radius. With reference to the weak gravitational constant, it is possible to predict the existence of a weakly interacting fermion of rest energy 585 GeV, called Higg’s fermion. Cosmological ‘dark matter’ research and observations can be carried out in this direction also.

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33

HARIYAMA, Hideo. "The 14th Nuclear Symposium hosted by Nuclear Senior Network, Atomic Energy Society of Japan." Journal of the Atomic Energy Society of Japan 56, no. 2 (2014): 113–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3327/jaesjb.56.2_113.

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34

Forrest, Robin A. "Nuclear Data Activities in the International Atomic Energy Agency-Nuclear Data Section (IAEA-NDS)." Journal of the Korean Physical Society 59, no. 2(3) (August 12, 2011): 1303–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3938/jkps.59.1303.

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35

Shahabuddin, Syed, and Sayeda Daud. "http://habibiaislamicus.com/index.php/hirj/article/view/181." Habibia Islamicus 4, no. 2 (December 27, 2020): 43–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.47720/hi.2020.0402e07.

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Peaceful atomic production is generally separated into five fundamental territories: extraction and preparing of atomic crude materials, the creation of advanced uranium, generation of atomic fuel components, development and task of atomic reactors and reprocessing of energizes. Notwithstanding utilizing atomic vitality to produce power from control reactors, it is likewise generally utilized in agribusiness, prescription, industry, science and hydrology. Power is right now produced by the iota in created nations. Different nations are additionally attempting endeavors to create power from modest atomic power plants, which utilize little amounts of radioactive substances to deliver power on a substantial scale. Radiation from atomic reactors is at times used to regard sicknesses, for example, tumor. These beams are likewise used to eliminate germs and destructive creepy crawlies in farmland and nourishment items. In the atomic division, organizations or associations can work in various parts of the Muslim world. Pakistan facing difficulty to keep nuclear plant powered due to shortage of nuclear electricity and other challenges are concerns are regarding its security and protection from natural disasters due to climate change which would triple energy consumption of nuclear plant. Although generating electricity from nuclear energy is cost effective as compared to generating electricity from oil and gas or coal, and nuclear radiation can be used to diagnose, treat critical diseases like cancer. Most importantly it can be used in neuropsychiatry to produce brain imaging using gamma camera and single photon emission computed tomography to diagnose depression, anxiety and stress. Pakistan has potential to facilitate its nation and can avail benefit by seeking nuclear technology for mass development programs. The objective of the study is to discuss the Civil Nuclear institute of Technology and what are their contributions and its scope in Pakistan. Atomic researchers can progress toward becoming individuals from these social orders to cooperate on the tranquil utilization of atomic vitality. The researchers should make the best utilization of atomic vitality for vitality purposes to serve all in Pakistan which is begin highlighted the areas in this research and concluded Pakistan facing difficulty to keep nuclear plant powered due to shortage of nuclear electricity and other challenges are concerns are regarding its security and protection from natural disasters due to climate change which would triple energy consumption of nuclear plant. Although generating electricity from nuclear energy is cost effective as compared to generating electricity from oil and gas or coal, and nuclear radiation can be used to diagnose, treat critical diseases like cancer. Most importantly it can be used in neuropsychiatry to produce brain imaging using gamma camera and single photon emission computed tomography to diagnose depression, anxiety and stress. It is concluded that Pakistan has effectively connected with atomic science and technology to innovate and help the society while it is improving as well for implementation as well.

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Gubeladze, O. A., and A. R. Gubeladze. "Substantiating the Need to Cover Atomic Energy Objects from Air Strikes." Global Nuclear Safety 45, no. 4 (December 6, 2022): 15–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.26583/gns-2022-04-02.

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The article deals with one of the nuclear terrorism problem aspects, namely the attempts to implement “nuclear” blackmail by individual states. The possible destructive aircrafts impact to objects using atomic energy is considered. An express assessment of the guided air bomb strike result on the reinforced concrete object structure was carried out.

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Ghazali, Farahdilah, Abdul Haseeb Ansari, Maizatun Mustafa, and Wan Mohd Zulhafiz Wan Zahari. "LEGAL PERSPECTIVES ON NUCLEAR ENERGY AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN MALAYSIA." Journal of Nusantara Studies (JONUS) 5, no. 1 (January 30, 2020): 169–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jonus.vol5iss1pp169-188.

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This paper explores the potential of nuclear energy, particularly in the power sector, to solve energy challenges and to address the pertinent issues regarding energy sustainability in Malaysia. The deployment of nuclear energy in various developed and developing countries has conspicuously helped sustaining energy security and sustainability due to its compatibility and protection of the environment. In addition to energy security, nuclear energy also offers significant benefits to socio-economic aspects. Thus, nuclear energy in developing countries, including Malaysia, has the potential to emerge as a new prospect in the energy sector using sophisticated technology and expert personnel to maximize the energy benefits with the least environmental risk. This step would certainly meet future energy demands and help accelerate the country’s development with optimum energy generation in the country. Therefore, Malaysia should aim to resort to nuclear power generation whereby the current power sector is mainly generated by traditional means, with only a small fraction of it being renewable energy. With no experience in this field, Malaysia needs to establish collaboration with some country rich with nuclear-resource in order to build, maintain nuclear reactors and treat nuclear wastes. The development of such facility should also comply with the requirements of the International Atomic Energy Agency. Moreover, Malaysia has to introduce legislation and policies related to future nuclear energy. Thus, this paper discusses some of the pertinent issues related to the prospects of nuclear power generation in the country towards achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Keywords: Atomic energy, energy security, governance, sustainable development. Cite as: Ghazali, F., Ansari, A. H., Mustafa, M., & Wan Zahari, W. M. Z. (2020). Legal perspectives on nuclear energy and sustainable development in Malaysia. Journal of Nusantara Studies, 5(1), 169-188. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jonus.vol5iss1pp169-188

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Dilling, Jens, Klaus Blaum, Maxime Brodeur, and Sergey Eliseev. "Penning-Trap Mass Measurements in Atomic and Nuclear Physics." Annual Review of Nuclear and Particle Science 68, no. 1 (October 19, 2018): 45–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-nucl-102711-094939.

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Penning-trap mass spectrometry in atomic and nuclear physics has become a well-established and reliable tool for the determination of atomic masses. In combination with short-lived radioactive nuclides it was first introduced at ISOLTRAP at the Isotope Mass Separator On-Line facility (ISOLDE) at CERN. Penning traps have found new applications in coupling to other production mechanisms, such as in-flight production and separation systems. The applications in atomic and nuclear physics range from nuclear structure studies and related precision tests of theoretical approaches to description of the strong interaction to tests of the electroweak Standard Model, quantum electrodynamics and neutrino physics, and applications in nuclear astrophysics. The success of Penning-trap mass spectrometry is due to its precision and accuracy, even for low ion intensities (i.e., low production yields), as well as its very fast measurement cycle, enabling access to short-lived isotopes. The current reach in relative mass precision goes beyond δ m/ m=10−8, the half-life limit is as low as a few milliseconds, and the sensitivity is on the order of one ion per minute in the trap. We provide a comprehensive overview of the techniques and applications of Penning-trap mass spectrometry in nuclear and atomic physics.

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Goibova Nargiza Ziyokhonovna. "Didactic bases of teaching "Physics of atomic and nuclear structure" in continuous physics education." International Journal on Integrated Education 3, no. 9 (September 5, 2020): 56–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.31149/ijie.v3i9.588.

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The development of atomic and nuclear physics, the efficient use of nuclear energy plays an important role in the international arena. The structure of the atom and the nucleus, the training of internationally advanced personnel to improve the use of its energy is a topical issue today. The role of atomic and nuclear physics in education, science and industry in our country is wide. However, taking into account the fact that the introduction of modern and new areas of nuclear physics, such as radiation physics, deformed nucleus physics, into the system of continuing education will further increase the efficiency of specialists trained in this field.

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of the journal "Nuclear Physics and Atomic Energy", Editorial Board. "20-th anniversary of the journal "Nuclear Physics and Atomic Energy"." Nuclear Physics and Atomic Energy 20, no. 1 (March 25, 2019): 103–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/jnpae2019.01.103.

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Seki, Masahiro, Toshihiko Yamanishi, Wataru Shu, Masataka Nishi, Toshihisa Hatano, Masato Akiba, Hiroshi Takeuchi, et al. "Development of Fusion Nuclear Technologies at Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute." Fusion Science and Technology 42, no. 1 (July 2002): 50–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.13182/fst02-a212.

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Yakovlev, P. P. "Argentina and Brazil: from Military Nuclear Programs to National Atomic Energy." Outlines of global transformations: politics, economics, law 11, no. 6 (December 26, 2018): 109–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.23932/2542-0240-2018-11-6-109-127.

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Poth, Helmut. "Applications of electron cooling in atomic, nuclear and high-energy physics." Nature 345, no. 6274 (May 1990): 399–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/345399a0.

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Davy, Manyika Kabuswa, Peter Jairous Banda, Manyika Kambeu Morris, and Levy Kahyata Matindih. "Nuclear energy and sustainable development." Physics & Astronomy International Journal 6, no. 4 (November 2, 2022): 142–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.15406/paij.2022.06.00267.

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The dependency on combustion of coal, oil and gas for energy cannot be indefinite. Thus, the process of replacing fossil fuels with many energy technologies cannot be avoided in order to combat this high dependency. Nevertheless, we argue that in the long term, nuclear fission technology is the answer to the ever increasing demand for energy. This entails that nuclear fission has to play a major role in suppling energy in this age and beyond. In achieving this, the major aspect is in switching electrical energy generation from fossil fuels to nuclear fission. This cannot be achieved in a short period of time but in few decades citing France as an example.1 This energy transformation campaign is capable of reducing emissions of carbon dioxide as well as other greenhouse gases at a large scale. In view of this, replacement of coal-fired with gas-fired generating stations will not significantly reduce greenhouse gases emissions. What about the other energy sources such as wind and solar? These may not be an ultimate answer as they will be hard pressed in supply and may fall short in energy supply at very high scale. This is because they depend on backup power or energy storage hence not able to meet the ever growing high demand of energy. Therefore, this paper focuses on the current status of nuclear energy. It also discusses the future prospects of nuclear energy and the activities of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA).

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Balazs, Amber Y. S., Nichola L. Davies, David Longmire, Martin J. Packer, and Elisabetta Chiarparin. "Nuclear magnetic resonance free ligand conformations and atomic resolution dynamics." Magnetic Resonance 2, no. 1 (June 23, 2021): 489–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/mr-2-489-2021.

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Abstract. Knowledge of free ligand conformational preferences (energy minima) and conformational dynamics (rotational energy barriers) of small molecules in solution can guide drug design hypotheses and help rank ideas to bias syntheses towards more active compounds. Visualization of conformational exchange dynamics around torsion angles, by replica exchange with solute tempering molecular dynamics (REST-MD), gives results in agreement with high-resolution 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra and complements free ligand conformational analyses. Rotational energy barriers around individual bonds are comparable between calculated and experimental values, making the in-silico method relevant to ranking prospective design ideas in drug discovery programs, particularly across a series of analogs. Prioritizing design ideas, based on calculations and analysis of measurements across a series, efficiently guides rational discovery towards the “right molecules” for effective medicines.

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Lizikova, Marina. "DEVELOPMENT TRENDS OF REGULATORY AND LEGAL REGULATION OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF NEW TECHNOLOGIES IN THE FIELD OF USE OF ATOMIC ENERGY." Advances in Law Studies 9, no. 4 (December 25, 2021): 31–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.29039/2409-5087-2021-9-4-31-35.

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Based on the analysis of changes in the atomic legislation of individual foreign countries, the article identifies trends in the development of legal regulation of the introduction of new technologies in the field of atomic energy use and concludes that they go beyond the traditionally conservative culture of nuclear energy and require new incentives and approaches to their regulatory and legal regulation, developed through dialogue between regulators, the nuclear industry and science.

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JALBOUT, ABRAHAM F. "ON THE EVALUATION OF THE RIGOROUS ELECTROSTATIC POTENTIAL/ATOMIC ENERGY RELATIONSHIP." Journal of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry 06, no. 04 (December 2007): 761–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219633607003386.

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A series of atomic energy formulas that relate atomic energies to the electrostatic potentials V0 at nuclei are obtained by a series of polynomial and series fits of V0 versus nuclear charge (Z). Density functional and Hartree–Fock V0 are used for a series of fits that involve an isoelectronic series of anions, cations, and neutral ground state atoms to approximate atomic energies. Comparisons to the exact energies were performed in order to demonstrate the efficacy of the rigorous expressions.

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Andronov, Evgeny, Magdalena Kuich, and Marek Gazdzicki. "Diagram of High-Energy Nuclear Collisions." Universe 9, no. 2 (February 18, 2023): 106. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/universe9020106.

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Many new particles, mostly hadrons, are produced in high-energy collisions between atomic nuclei. The most popular models describing the hadron-production process are based on the creation, evolution and decay of resonances, strings or quark–gluon plasma. The validity of these models is under vivid discussion, and it seems that a common framework for this discussion is missing. Here, for the first time, we explicitly introduce the diagram of high-energy nuclear collisions, where domains of the dominance of different hadron-production processes in the space of laboratory-controlled parameters, the collision energy and nuclear-mass number of colliding nuclei are indicated. We argue that the recent experimental results suggest the location of boundaries between the domains, allowing for the first time to sketch an example diagram. Finally, we discuss the immediate implications for experimental measurements and model development following the proposed sketch of the diagram.

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Kolomietz, V. M., and V. N. Kondratjev. "Nuclear gamma-transitions via the accompanying atomic excitations." Zeitschrift f�r Physik A Atomic Nuclei 335, no. 4 (December 1990): 379–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01290184.

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Tkalya, E. V. "Nuclear excitation in atomic transitions (NEET process analysis)." Nuclear Physics A 539, no. 2 (March 1992): 209–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0375-9474(92)90267-n.

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