Journal articles: 'Atom-photon coupling'

1

Parvin, Babak. "The effects of atom–cavity coupling constant on physical observables for different transitions." Canadian Journal of Physics 96, no. 8 (August 2018): 919–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjp-2017-0719.

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The aim of this work is to investigate the changing effects of the atom–cavity coupling constant on an atom–cavity system. A three-level atom in the Λ configuration with q-photon transition between levels 2 and 3 is confined in a single-mode Fabry–Pérot optical cavity. To solve the master equation of this system in the steady-state by using the appropriate physical quantities, the matrix continued fractions method for recurrence equations is applied. The behavior of physical observables including atom–field correlation, mean photon number, and second-order coherence function is discussed. The effect of altering the atom–cavity coupling constant for different transitions on these observables is fully considered. The results of calculations show that by increasing this coupling constant, the range of atom–cavity correlation becomes longer, the maximum value of the output mean photon number from the cavity remains almost constant, the broadening in the curves of the mean photon number increases and the lasing process is amplified in the system. Finally, the transformation of the three-level atom into a two-level one under several specific conditions in a four-photon transition case has been studied. The obtained results of the two-level atomic pattern are adequately confirmed by the simulations related to the three-level atom.

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Cheng, Weijun, Zhihai Wang, and Tian Tian. "The single- and two-photon scattering in the waveguide QED coupling to a giant atom." Laser Physics 33, no. 8 (July 3, 2023): 085203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1555-6611/acde6e.

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Abstract The giant atom, which means the nonlocal atom-waveguide coupling, gives lots of newfangled physics. In this paper, we study the single- and two-photon scattering in the waveguide quantum electrodynamics on a two-level giant atom. For single-photon scattering, we find that the transmission rate is dependent on the atomic size. For the two-photon scattering, using a reasonable wave function hypothesis, we can get the two-photon scattering state, which consists of the symmetric and anti-symmetric plane wave functions. The other eigenstate is the two-photon bound state, which is orthogonal to the two-photon scattering state. We find that the spatial extent of the two-photon bound state is related to the detuning between waveguide and atom, which is distinguished from the character of the general atom. Our study is beneficial to photon control and the fundamental research of the two-photon scattering.

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Shen, J., X. Y. Zhang, J. H. Teng, S. C. Hou, and X. X. Yi. "Master equation for photon mediated phonon–atom coupled system." International Journal of Modern Physics B 28, no. 19 (June 12, 2014): 1450123. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979214501239.

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Achieving phonon–atom couplings in cavity optomechanical system could lead to fundamentally new regimes of phonon–matter interaction and the development of sensitive mass and force sensors. Here we derive a master equation to describe the phonon–atom system and numerically simulate the equation. The phonon–atom coupling is mediated by a driven cavity mode. A crossover from the bad cavity limit, which validates the master equation, to the limit of small cavity loss rate is studied.

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Faramawy, F. K. "A Treatment of the Absorption Spectrum for a Multiphoton -Type Three-Level Atom Interacting with a Squeezed Coherent Field in the Presence of Nonlinearities." Journal of Applied Mathematics 2011 (2011): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/145139.

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We study the interaction of a three-level atom with a single mode field through multiphoton transition in a cavity, taking explicitly into account the existence of forms of nonlinearities of both the field and the intensity-dependent atom-field coupling. The analytical forms of the absorption spectrum is calculated using the dressed states of the system. The effects of photon multiplicities, mean photon number, detuning, Kerr-like medium, and the intensity-dependent coupling functional on the absorption spectrum are analyzed.

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AN, NGUYEN BA, and VO TINH. "POLARITON-ADDED MECHANISM FOR NONCLASSICAL EXCITON PRODUCTION." International Journal of Modern Physics B 13, no. 01 (January 10, 1999): 73–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979299000060.

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ZAIT, R. A. "INTENSITY DEPENDENT COUPLING HAMILTONIAN VIA MULTI-PHOTON INTERACTION IN A KERR MEDIUM." International Journal of Modern Physics B 17, no. 30 (December 10, 2003): 5795–810. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979203023392.

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We study the dynamics and quantum characteristics of a single two-level atom interacting with a single mode cavity field undergoing a multi-photon processes in the presence of a nonlinear Kerr-like medium. The wavefunctions of the multi-photon system are obtained when the atom starts in the excited and in the ground state. The atomic inversion, the squeezing of the radiation field and the quasiprobability distribution Q-function of the field are discussed. Numerical results for these characteristics are presented when the atom starts in the excited state and the field mode in a coherent state. The influence of the presence and absence of the number operator and the Kerr medium for the one- and two-photon processes on the evolution of these characteristics are analyzed.

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Zhou, J. X., Z. H. Zhu, Y. Q. Zhang, K. K. Chen, Z. H. Peng, Y. F. Chai, Z. Z. Xiong, and L. Tan. "Phase-modulated single-photon router and chiral scattering between two waveguides coupled by a giant three-level atom." Laser Physics Letters 21, no. 5 (March 25, 2024): 055202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1612-202x/ad3436.

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Abstract We investigate a T-shaped single-photon router constructed by two waveguides connected via a giant Λ-type three-level atom. Under a real-space approach, the analytical expressions of the single-photon transmission and reflection amplitudes are obtained. It is shown that a high transfer-rate routing between two waveguides can be effectively achieved by modulating the phase difference, the accumulated phase and the atom-waveguide coupling strengths, and its frequencies can be tuned with a classical driving field. Interestingly, chiral scattering and a single-photon targeted router with direction selectivity have been realized by the ideally equivalent atom-waveguide interaction. We believe that our results have potential applications in constructing optical quantum devices and designing the single-photon quantum routing using the giant-atom setup.

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Liu, Xue-Ying, Shu-Jie Cheng, and Xian-Long Gao. "The photon blockade effect of a complete Buck-Sukumar model." Acta Physica Sinica 71, no. 13 (2022): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.7498/aps.70.20220238.

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<sec>The Buck-Sukumar (BS) model, with a nonlinear coupling between the atom and the light field, is well defined only when its coupling strength is lower than a critical coupling. Its energy collapses at a critical coupling and is unbounded beyond that value. In other words, the BS model is incomplete. We introduce a simple and a complete BS model by adding a nonlinear photon term into the initial BS model. Considering the rotating wave approximation, this complete BS model conserves the excited number and the parity. By expanding it in the subspace of the product state between the atom and the field, we solve the time-independent Schrödinger equation to obtain the eigenenergy and eigenstate. Furthermore, we explore the influence of the nonlinear photon term on the energy spectrum and the photon blockade effect for the complete BS model by calculating the excited number and second-order correlation function.</sec><sec>Our study shows that, the nonlinear photon term not only eliminates the energy spectral collapse but also makes it well-defined and complete in all the coupling regime. When at the resonance between the atomic and the field frequency, the nonlinear photon term breaks the harmonicity of the energy spectrum and produces a ladder of the excited number in the ground state. Because the larger nonlinear photon term inhibits the photon transition from an energy level to the higher one, it produces the single-photon projection state in the larger coupling region. Accordingly, we find that the nonlinear photon term promotes photon blockade by calculating the second-order correlation function. When at the non-resonant region, the nonlinear photon term enlarges the originally anharmonic energy ladder. For a complete BS model with the fixed nonlinear photon coupling strength and the fixed detuning, the energy level for the positive detuning is lower than that with the negative detuning, and more energy is required to overcome the absorption of a photon. Therefore, the positive detuning promotes the photon blockade. For the negative detuning, the system is more likely to absorb a photon and jump to a higher energy level, and therefore, suppresses the photon blockade.</sec>

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9

Li, Ming-Cui, and Ai-Xi Chen. "A Photon Blockade in a Coupled Cavity System Mediated by an Atom." Applied Sciences 9, no. 5 (March 8, 2019): 980. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9050980.

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We investigate theoretically the photon statistics in a coupled cavity system mediated by a two-level atom. The system consists of a linear cavity weakly driven by a continuous laser, and a nonlinear cavity containing an atom inside. We find that there exists a photon blockade in the linear cavity for both parameter regimes where the coupling strength between the atom and the nonlinear cavity is greater (or less) than the dissipation rate of the linear cavity. We also extend our model by pumping the two cavities simultaneously and find that the conventional photon blockade is apparent in the linear cavity, whereas the unconventional photon blockade appears in the nonlinear cavity. These results show that our work has potential applications for a single photon source in a weakly nonlinear system.

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10

JOSHI, AMITABH. "SPONTANEOUS EMISSION BY MOVING ATOMS UNDERGOING TWO PHOTON-TRANSITION IN THE STRONG COUPLING REGIME." Modern Physics Letters B 10, no. 19 (August 20, 1996): 891–901. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984996001012.

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The dependence of spontaneous emission on atomic motion for an atom undergoing two-photon transition and moving along the axis of a Fabry-Perot cavity is analyzed here. For this purpose we consider the strong coupling limit of atom and cavity field mode and demonstrate the effects of atomic velocity and spatial mode structure of cavity mode on the excitation probability of atom.

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11

LIU, H. D., W. WANG, and X. X. YI. "NONLINEAR EFFECT ON THE TRANSMISSION OF LIGHT IN A CAVITY ARRAY." International Journal of Quantum Information 09, no. 02 (March 2011): 677–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219749911007642.

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Taking nonlinear effect into account, we study theoretically the transmission properties of photons in a one-dimensional coupled cavity, the cavity located at the center of the cavity array being coupled to a two-level system. By using the traditional scattering theory and the mean-field approximation, we calculate the transmission rate of photons along the cavities, and discuss the effect of nonlinearity and the cavity-atom coupling on the photon transport. The results show that the cavity-atom couplings affect the coherent transport of photons. The dynamics of such a system is also studied by numerical simulations, the effect of the atom-field detuning and nonlinearity on the dynamics is shown and discussed.

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12

Li, Zhen, and Wangjun Lu. "Antibunching Effects in the Hybrid Cavity–Bose–Einstein Condensates System." Photonics 10, no. 2 (January 26, 2023): 123. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics10020123.

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We theoretically study the model of a hybrid cavity–Bose–Einstein condensates (BEC) system that consists of a two-level impurity atom coupled to a cavity–BEC system with radiation pressure coupling, where the system is weakly driven by a monochromatic laser field. The steady-states behavior of the entire system is researched in the framework of the impurity–cavity coupling dispersive limit. We find that the multiple types of photon steady-state antibunching effects can be obtained when only the dissipation of the cavity is included. Moreover, the strength and frequency range of conventional steady-state antibunching effects of the cavity can be significantly modified by the impurity atom and intrinsic non-linearity of BEC. This result shows that our study can provide a method to tune the antibunching effects of the cavity field. In addition, the non-standard photon blockade or superbunching effect with the suppression of two-photon correlation and enhancement of three-photon correlation can be realized. The frequency range of the superbunching effect also can be changed by the impurity atom and intrinsic non-linearity of BEC. Therefore, our study shows many quantum statistical characteristics in a hybrid cavity–BEC quantum system and its manipulation.

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13

VASEGHI, B., G. REZAEI, and S. KHORSHIDIAN. "NONLINEAR EFFECTS ON THE ENTANGLEMENT BETWEEN QUANTIZED ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS AND 3-LEVEL ATOMS." International Journal of Quantum Information 09, no. 07n08 (October 2011): 1653–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219749911008295.

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In this paper, we study the entanglement dynamics, its measure, and mean photon number of the field in the interaction between a quantized electromagnetic field and a 3-level atom surrounded by a nonlinear Kerr-like medium. Using the density matrix approach, we have calculated the time evolution of the entanglement and its magnitude at an arbitrary time, for different nonlinear coupling constant. Moreover, to show the effects of nonlinearity on the atom–field interaction and its relation with the entanglement the mean photon number of the field is also presented as a function of nonlinear coupling strength, χ. The results show that, envelope of entanglement fluctuation, their duration and amplitude strongly depend on the nonlinear coupling strength. Since the entanglement decreases with increasing nonlinearity, the mean number of photons reaches a constant value as a result of absorption increment by the surrounding medium.

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14

Eied, A. A. "Emission spectrum for a multi-photon Ξ-type three-level atom driven by a binomial field with nonlinearities." Canadian Journal of Physics 93, no. 11 (November 2015): 1375–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjp-2014-0602.

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A treatment of a multi-photon Ξ-type three-level atom interacting with a single-mode field in a cavity, taking explicitly the existence of forms of nonlinearities of both the field and the intensity-dependent atom–field coupling into account. Analytical expressions of the emission spectrum are presented using the dressed states of the system. The characteristics of the emission spectrum, considering the field to be initially in a binomial state, are exhibited. The effects of the photon multiplicities, mean number of photons, detuning, and the nonlinearities on the spectrum are investigated.

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15

MENG, SHAO-YING, LI-BIN FU, and JIE LIU. "ADIABATICITY OF THE DARK STATE IN A NONLINEAR ATOM-TRIMER CONVERSION SYSTEM." International Journal of Modern Physics C 20, no. 07 (July 2009): 1011–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129183109014151.

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We investigate the adiabaticity of the dark state in a nonlinear atom-trimer conversion system in a stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP). We find that, in the absence of the nonlinear collisions, the adiabatic condition for this nonlinear system only depends on the Rabi-frequency of the dimer-trimer coupling optical field, which is different from traditional STIRAP processes. In the presence of the nonlinear collisions, the adiabatic condition also relies on the atom-dimer coupling Rabi frequency. However, its influence is really small. Moreover, we propose a more feasible two-photon STIRAP scheme that has better adiabaticity and hence could yield higher atom-trimer conversion efficiency.

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Dorfman, Konstantin E., and Shaul Mukamel. "Multidimensional photon correlation spectroscopy of cavity polaritons." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 115, no. 7 (January 31, 2018): 1451–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1719443115.

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The strong coupling of atoms and molecules to radiation field modes in optical cavities creates dressed matter/field states known as polaritons with controllable dynamical and energy transfer properties. We propose a multidimensional optical spectroscopy technique for monitoring polariton dynamics. The response of a two-level atom to the time-dependent coupling to a single-cavity mode is monitored through time-and-frequency–resolved single-photon coincidence measurements of spontaneous emission. Polariton population and coherence dynamics and its variation with cavity photon number and controlled by gating parameters are predicted by solving the Jaynes–Cummings model.

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Penna, Vittorio, and Francesco A. Raffa. "The su(1,1)-like intensity-dependent Rabi model: A perturbative analysis of weak and strong-coupling regimes." International Journal of Quantum Information 12, no. 07n08 (November 2014): 1560010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219749915600102.

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We present a perturbative analysis of a Rabi model where the coupling between the quantized single-mode electromagnetic field and the two-level atom depends on the field intensity. Upon modeling the matter–radiation coupling through the Holstein–Primakoff realization of algebra su(1,1), we evaluate first- and second-order eigenenergies and eigenstates both in the weak-coupling regime (atom transition frequency smaller than the coupling strength) and in the strong-coupling regime. In the first case, among various effects, we observe a quadratic dependence on the photon number of energy eigenvalues and the possible formation of level doublets. In the strong-coupling case, the perturbative analysis becomes considerably complex due to the su(1,1)-valued form of the unperturbed Hamiltonian. The critical condition for the transition to an almost continuous spectrum is found in terms of the model parameters.

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GARREAU, J. C., D. WILKOWSKI, D. HENNEQUIN, and V. ZEHNLÉ. "ATOMIC VELOCITY SELECTION BY INTERFERENCE IN TWO-PHOTON IONIZATION." Journal of Nonlinear Optical Physics & Materials 05, no. 04 (October 1996): 911–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218863596000647.

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This paper discusses a new scheme for generating quantum coherence between different degrees of freedom of an atom interacting with two modes of the electromagnetic field. The presence of quantum interference in a two-photon coupling between the ground state of the atom and the continuum through two quasi-resonant intermediate states induces selective ionization of the atoms for particular combinations of the different parameters characterizing the degrees of freedom of the system, leading to quantum coherence between the internal state, the center-of-mass motion of the atom, and the electromagnetic field. The application of this method to the selection of an atomic velocity class is discussed.

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ZAIT, R. A. "MOVING FOUR-LEVEL ATOM INTERACTING WITH A SINGLE-MODE FIELD WITH INTENSITY DEPENDENT COUPLING." International Journal of Modern Physics B 18, no. 20n21 (August 30, 2004): 2901–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979204026226.

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We study the interaction of a moving four-level atom with a single mode cavity field. Involving intensity dependent coupling, the atom-field wave function and the reduced density matrix of the field are obtained when the atom is initially prepared in a coherent superposition of the upper and ground states and the field is initially in a coherent state. The influence of the intensity dependent atom-field coupling and of the detuning on the collapse and revival phenomenon of the time evolution of statistical aspects, such as the mean photon number, the second-order correlation function of the field, the momentum increment and momentum diffusion, are investigated. It is found that, for the nonresonant case, the detuning between the field and the atom has a significant influence which leads to increasing the collapse time with decreasing amplitude. Numerical computations and discussion of the results are presented.

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OBADA, A. S. F., A. A. EIED, and G. M. ABD AL-KADER. "ENTANGLEMENT OF A GENERAL FORMALISM Ξ-TYPE THREE-LEVEL ATOM INTERACTING WITH A SINGLE-MODE FIELD IN THE PRESENCE OF NONLINEARITIES." International Journal of Modern Physics B 23, no. 09 (April 10, 2009): 2269–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979209052224.

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We investigate the evolution of the atomic quantum entropy and the atom-field entanglement in a system of a Ξ-configuration three-level atom interacting with a single-mode field with additional forms of nonlinearities of both the field and the intensity-dependent atom-field coupling. With the derivation of the unitary operator within the frame of the dressed state and the exact results for the state of the system, we perform a careful investigation of the temporal evolution of the entropy. A factorization of the initial density operator is assumed, considering the field to be initially in a squeezed coherent or binomial state. The effects of the mean photon number, detuning, Kerr-like medium and the intensity-dependent coupling functional on the entropy are analyzed.

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OBADA, A. S. F., A. A. EIED, and G. M. ABD AL-KADER. "ENTANGLEMENT OF A GENERAL FORMALISM Λ-TYPE THREE-LEVEL ATOM INTERACTING WITH A SINGLE-MODE FIELD IN THE PRESENCE OF NONLINEARITIES." International Journal of Modern Physics B 23, no. 15 (June 20, 2009): 3241–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979209052807.

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We investigate the evolution of the atomic quantum entropy and the atom–field entanglement in a system of a Λ-configuration three-level atom interacting with a single-mode field with additional forms of nonlinearities of both the field and the intensity-dependent atom–field coupling. With the derivation of the unitary operator within the frame of the dressed state and the exact results for the state of the system, we perform a careful investigation of the temporal evolution of the entropy. A factorization of the initial density operator is assumed, considering the field to be initially in a squeezed coherent or binomial state. The effects of the mean photon number, detuning, Kerr-like medium, and the intensity-dependent coupling functional on the entropy are analyzed.

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PRIYESH, K. V., and RAMESH BABU THAYYULLATHIL. "EVOLUTION OF ATOM-FIELD PROBABILITY IN A COUPLED CAVITY SYSTEM." Journal of Nonlinear Optical Physics & Materials 22, no. 03 (September 2013): 1350029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021886351350029x.

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In this paper we have investigated the dynamics of two cavities each with a two-level atom, coupled together with photon hopping. The coupled cavity system is studied in single excitation subspace and the evolution of the atom (field) states probabilities are obtained analytically. The probability amplitude of states executes oscillations with different modes and amplitudes, determined by the coupling strengths. The evolution is examined in detail for different atom field coupling strength, g and field–field hopping strength, A. It is noticed that the exact atomic probability amplitude transfer occurs when g ≪ A with minimal field excitation probability and the period of probability transfer is calculated. In the limit g ≫ A there exists periodic exchange of probability between atom and field inside each cavity and also between cavity 1 and cavity 2. Periodicity of each exchange in this limit also obtained.

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Argüello-Luengo, Javier, and Darrick E. Chang. "Optomechanical strong coupling between a single photon and a single atom." New Journal of Physics 24, no. 2 (February 1, 2022): 023006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/ac4c69.

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Abstract Single atoms coupled to a cavity offer unique opportunities as quantum optomechanical devices because of their small mass and strong interaction with light. A particular regime of interest in optomechanics is that of ‘single-photon strong coupling’, where motional displacements on the order of the zero-point uncertainty are sufficient to shift the cavity resonance frequency by more than its linewidth. In many cavity QED platforms, however, this is unfeasible due to the large cavity linewidth. Here, we propose an alternative route in such systems, which instead relies on the coupling of atomic motion to the much narrower cavity-dressed atomic resonance frequency. We discuss and optimize the conditions in which the scattering properties of single photons from the atom-cavity system become highly entangled with the atomic motional wave function. We also analyze the prominent observable features of this optomechanical strong coupling, which include a per-photon motional heating that is significantly larger than the single-photon recoil energy, as well as mechanically-induced oscillations in time of the second-order correlation function of the emitted light. This physics should be realizable in current experimental setups, such as trapped atoms coupled to photonic crystal cavities, and more broadly opens the door to realizing qualitatively different phenomena beyond what has been observed in optomechanical systems thus far.

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Korashy, Sameh, and Mahmoud Abdel-Aty. "Quantum Control of a Nonlinear Time-Dependent Interaction of a Damped Three-Level Atom." Axioms 12, no. 6 (June 4, 2023): 552. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/axioms12060552.

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We investigate some new aspects of the nonlinear interaction between a three-level Ξ-type atom and bimodal field. The photon-assisted atomic phase damping, detuning parameter, Kerr nonlinearity and the time-dependent coupling have been considered. The general solution has been obtained by using the Schrődinger equation when the atom and the field are initially prepared in the excited state and coherent state, respectively. The atomic population inversion and concurrence are discussed. It is shown that the time-dependent coupling parameter and the detuning parameter can be considered as quantum controller parameters of the atomic population inversion and quantum entanglement in the considered model.

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Kurizki, Gershon, and Abraham Ben-Reuven. "Quantum interference and radiative coupling in two-atom single-photon emission." Physical Review A 32, no. 4 (October 1, 1985): 2560–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physreva.32.2560.

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Xia, Xiuwen, Xinqin Zhang, Jingping Xu, Mutian Cheng, and Yaping Yang. "Nonlinear coherent perfect photon absorber in asymmetrical atom–nanowires coupling system." Chinese Physics B 27, no. 11 (November 2018): 114205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1674-1056/27/11/114205.

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Tian, Wei. "A Study about Single-Photon Transport Controlled by the Three-Level Atom in the Optical Waveguide Cavity." Applied Mechanics and Materials 736 (March 2015): 116–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.736.116.

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Through researching we can draw two conclusions. One conclusion is controlling the symmetric and asymmetric atomic - photon coupling interaction is a good way to control the transmission spectrum of incident light. Another conclusion is that multi-frequency photon attenuator can be controlled by asymmetric atomic - photon coupling interaction.

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An, Xingwei, Tonghui Deng, Lei Chen, Saiyun Ye, and Zhirong Zhong. "Generation of Schrödinger Cat States in a Hybrid Cavity Optomechanical System." Entropy 24, no. 11 (October 29, 2022): 1554. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e24111554.

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We present an alternative scheme to achieve Schrödinger cat states in a strong coupling hybrid cavity optomechanical system. Under the single-photon strong-coupling regime, the interaction between the atom–cavity–oscillator system can induce the mesoscopic mechanical oscillator to Schrödinger cat states. Comparing to previous schemes, the proposed proposal consider the second order approximation on the Lamb–Dicke parameter, which is more universal in the experiment. Numerical simulations confirm the validity of our derivation.

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ALISKENDEROV, E. I., and TRUNG DUNG HO. "ENTROPY FOR THE THREE-LEVEL ONE-MODE JAYNES–CUMMINGS MODEL." Modern Physics Letters B 07, no. 19 (August 20, 1993): 1279–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984993001302.

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The evolution of the atomic (field) entropy is calculated for the three-level one-mode Jaynes–Cummings model. Numerical calculations are performed for various values of atom–field coupling constants and the evolution of the entropy is compared with the corresponding evolutions of the mean photon number and level occupation probabilities.

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Thompson, J. D., T. G. Tiecke, N. P. de Leon, J. Feist, A. V. Akimov, M. Gullans, A. S. Zibrov, V. Vuletić, and M. D. Lukin. "Coupling a Single Trapped Atom to a Nanoscale Optical Cavity." Science 340, no. 6137 (April 25, 2013): 1202–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1237125.

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Hybrid quantum devices, in which dissimilar quantum systems are combined in order to attain qualities not available with either system alone, may enable far-reaching control in quantum measurement, sensing, and information processing. A paradigmatic example is trapped ultracold atoms, which offer excellent quantum coherent properties, coupled to nanoscale solid-state systems, which allow for strong interactions. We demonstrate a deterministic interface between a single trapped rubidium atom and a nanoscale photonic crystal cavity. Precise control over the atom's position allows us to probe the cavity near-field with a resolution below the diffraction limit and to observe large atom-photon coupling. This approach may enable the realization of integrated, strongly coupled quantum nano-optical circuits.

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FANG, LI-ZHI. "THE ZEROTH LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS OF THE PHOTON–HYDROGEN SYSTEM AND 21 cm COSMOLOGY." International Journal of Modern Physics D 18, no. 13 (December 15, 2009): 1943–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218271809015837.

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A basic physical problem of 21 cm cosmology is the so-called Wouthuysen–Field coupling, which assumes that the resonant scattering of Lyα photons with neutral hydrogen atoms will lock the color temperature of the photon spectrum around the Lyα frequency to be equal to the kinetic temperature of hydrogen gas. This assumption is actually the zeroth thermodynamic law on the formation of the local statistically thermal equilibrium state of the photon–atom system. However, the time-dependent process of approaching a local statistically thermal equilibrium with the kinetic temperature has never been studied, as it needs to solve an integral–differential equation — the radiative transfer equation of the resonant scattering. Recently, with a state-of-the-art numerical method, the formation and evolution of the Wouthuysen–Field coupling has been systematically studied. This paper reviews the physical results, including the time scales of the onset of Wouthuysen–Field coupling, the profile of frequency distribution of photons in the state of local thermal equilibrium, the effects of the expansion of the universe, the Wouthuysen–Field coupling in an optical thick halo, etc.

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Liñares, Jesús, Xesús Prieto-Blanco, Gabriel M. Carral, and María C. Nistal. "Quantum Photonic Simulation of Spin-Magnetic Field Coupling and Atom-Optical Field Interaction." Applied Sciences 10, no. 24 (December 10, 2020): 8850. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10248850.

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In this work, we present the physical simulation of the dynamical and topological properties of atom-field quantum interacting systems by means of integrated quantum photonic devices. In particular, we simulate mechanical systems used, for example, for quantum processing and requiring a very complex technology such as a spin-1/2 particle interacting with an external classical time-dependent magnetic field and a two-level atom under the action of an external classical time-dependent electric (optical) field (light-matter interaction). The photonic device consists of integrated optical waveguides supporting two collinear or codirectional modes, which are coupled by integrated optical gratings. We show that the single-photon quantum description of the dynamics of this photonic device is a quantum physical simulation of both aforementioned interacting systems. The two-mode photonic device with a single-photon quantum state represents the quantum system, and the optical grating corresponds to an external field. Likewise, we also present the generation of Aharonov–Anandan geometric phases within this photonic device, which also appear in the simulated systems. On the other hand, this photonic simulator can be regarded as a basic brick for constructing more complex photonic simulators. We present a few examples where optical gratings interacting with several collinear and/or codirectional modes are used in order to illustrate the new possibilities for quantum simulation.

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33

Naderi, M. H. "Intrinsic decoherence effects on quantum dynamics of the nondegenerate two-photon f-deformed Jaynes–Cummings model governed by the Milburn equation." Canadian Journal of Physics 85, no. 10 (October 1, 2007): 1071–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/p07-097.

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In this paper, we study the influence of the intrinsic decoherence on quantum statistical properties of a generalized nonlinear interacting atom–field system, i.e., the nondegenerate two-photon f-deformed Jaynes–Cummings model governed by the Milburn equation. The model contains the nonlinearities of both the cavity–field and the atom–field coupling. Until now, very few exact solutions of nonlinear systems that include a form of decoherence have been presented. The main achievement of the present work is to find exact analytical solutions for the quantum dynamics of the nonlinear model under consideration in the presence of intrinsic decoherence. With the help of a supersymmetric transformation, we first put the model Hamiltonian into an appropriate form for treating the intrinsic decoherence. Then, by applying the superoperator technique, we find an exact solution of the Milburn equation for a nondegenerate two-photon f-deformed Jaynes–Cummings model. We use this solution to investigate the effects of the intrinsic decoherence on temporal evolution of various nonclassical properties of the system, i.e., atomic population inversion, atomic dipole squeezing, atom–field entanglement, sub-Poissonian photon statistics, cross correlation between the two modes and quadrature squeezing of the cavity field. Particularly, we compare the numerical results for three different cases of two-mode deformed, one-mode deformed, and nondeformed Jaynes–Cummings models. PACS Nos.: 42.50.Ct, 42.50.Dv, 03.65.Yz

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34

Yoo, Chul-Moon, Atsushi Naruko, Yusuke Sakurai, Keitaro Takahashi, Yohsuke Takamori, and Daisuke Yamauchi. "Axion cloud decay due to the axion–photon conversion with background magnetic fields." Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan 74, no. 1 (December 8, 2021): 64–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pasj/psab110.

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Abstract We consider an axion cloud around a black hole with background magnetic fields. We calculate the decay rate of the axion cloud due to the axion–photon conversion associated with the axion–photon coupling. For simplicity, we consider the situation where the axion configuration is dominated by a solution for the eigenvalue equation equivalent to that for the hydrogen atom, and the coupling term can be evaluated by a successive perturbation method. For the monopole background, we find the decay rate of the axion cloud is given by ∼q2κ2(GM)5μ8, where μ, M, G, κ, and q are the axion mass, black hole mass, gravitational constant, coupling constant of the axion–photon coupling, and monopole charge, respectively. For the uniform background magnetic field, we obtain the decay rate of the axion cloud $\sim B_0^2\kappa ^2 (GM)^7\mu ^6$, where B0 is the magnetic field strength. Applying our formula to the central black hole in our galaxy, we find that the value of the decay rate for the case of the uniform magnetic field is comparable to the growth rate of the superradiant instability with κ ∼ 10−12 GeV−1, B0 ∼ 103 G and μ ∼ 10−18 eV. The ratio is 105 times larger for the monopole magnetic field with the same values for the parameters.

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35

Xie, Rui-hua, Gong-ou Xu, and Dun-huan Liu. "Study of Squeezing Properties in a Two-level System." Australian Journal of Physics 48, no. 6 (1995): 907. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ph950907.

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We have studied the squeezing properties of a field and atom in a two-level system. The influence of nonlinear interactions (Le. the arbitrary intensity-dependent coupling of a single-mode field to a single two-level atom, the nonlinear interaction of the field with a nonlinear Kerr-like medium) on the squeezing is discussed in detail in the rotating wave approximation (RWA). We show numerically that the effect of the virtual-photon field suppresses dipole squeezing predicted in the RWA and leads to an increased squeeze revival period; the suppressed squeezing can be revived due to the presence of the nonlinear Kerr-like medium.

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Burgess, Adam, and Marian Florescu. "Quantum memory effects in atomic ensembles coupled to photonic cavities." AVS Quantum Science 5, no. 1 (March 2023): 011402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1116/5.0137078.

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This article explores the dynamics of many-body atomic systems symmetrically coupled to Lorentzian photonic cavity systems. Our study reveals interesting dynamical characteristics, including non-zero steady states, super-radiant decay, enhanced energy transfer, and the ability to modulate oscillations in the atomic system by tuning environmental degrees of freedom. We also analyze a configuration consisting of a three-atom chain embedded in a photonic cavity. Similarly, we find a strong enhancement of the energy transfer rate between the two ends of the chain and identified specific initial conditions that lead to significantly reduced dissipation between the two atoms at the end of the chain. Another configuration of interest consists of two symmetrical detuned reservoirs with respect to the atomic system. In the single atom case, we show that it is possible to enhance the decay rate of the system by modulating its reservoir detuning. In contrast, in the many-atom case, this results in dynamics akin to the on-resonant cavity. Finally, we examine the validity of the rotating wave approximation through a direct comparison against the numerically exact hierarchical equations of motion. We find good agreement in the weak coupling regime, while in the intermediate coupling regime, we identify qualitative similarities, but the rotating wave approximation becomes less reliable. In the moderate coupling regime, we find deviations of the steady states due to the formation of mixed photon-atom states.

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37

Li, Hong, Ming Liu, Feng Yang, Siqi Zhang, and Shengping Ruan. "Phase-Controlled Tunable Unconventional Photon Blockade in a Single-Atom-Cavity System." Micromachines 14, no. 11 (November 19, 2023): 2123. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi14112123.

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In the past few years, cavity optomechanical systems have received extensive attention and research and have achieved rapid development both theoretically and experimentally. The systems play an important role in many fields, such as quantum information processing, optomechanical storage, high-precision measurement, macroscopic entanglement, ultrasensitive sensors and so on. Photon manipulation has always been one of the key tasks in quantum information science and technology. Photon blockade is an important way to realize single photon sources and plays an important role in the field of quantum information. Due to the nonlinear coupling of the optical force system, the energy level is not harmonic, resulting in a photon blockade effect. In this paper, we study the phase-controlled tunable unconventional photon blockade in a single-atom-cavity system, and the second-order nonlinear crystals are attached to the cavity. The cavity interacts with squeezed light, which results in a nonlinear process. The system is driven by a complex pulsed laser, and the strength of the coherent driving contains the phase. We want to study the effect of squeezed light and phase. We use the second-order correlation function to numerically and theoretically analyze the photon blockade effect. We show that quantum interference of two-photon excitation between three different transition pathways can cause a photon blockade effect. When there is no squeezed light, the interference pathways becomes two, but there are still photon blockade effects. We explore the influence of the tunable phase and second-order nonlinear strength on the photon blockade effect. We calculate the correlation function and compare the numerical results with the analytical results under certain parameters and find that the agreement is better.

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Kumar, Rakesh, and Hari Prakash. "Sub-Poissonian photon statistics of light in interaction of two-level atoms in superposed states with a single mode superposed coherent radiation." Canadian Journal of Physics 88, no. 3 (March 2010): 181–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/p09-115.

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We study sub-Poissonian photon statistics of light in interaction of a single mode radiation, initially either in a coherent state or in a superposed coherent state with an assembly of two-level atoms using the Hamiltonian, H = ω(a+a + Sz) + g(aS+ + a+ S–) in natural units, where a+ and a are creation and annihilation operators, Sz, S ± are the collective Dicke operators, g is the coupling constant, and ω is the energy of the photons and also the separation between the two atomic levels. We study the cases of (i) a single two-level and (ii) of two two-level atoms interacting with a single mode coherent or superposed coherent radiation. We find that for large coupling time gt, Fano factor shows collapses and revival phenomena, and that the variation is large for small mean number of photons. We also find that in the case of two two-level atoms, photon statistics shows larger sub-Poissonian than the case of a single two-level atom, and that there is no definite relationship between squeezing and sub-Poissonian photon statistics of light.

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BRISUDOVA BARNAS, M., and T. GOLDMAN. "HYBRIDGEN: A MODEL FOR THE STUDY OF QCD HYBRID STATES." Modern Physics Letters A 22, no. 29 (September 21, 2007): 2175–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021773230702422x.

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We study the mixing of excited states of a hydrogen atom in a cavity with de-excited states plus a confined photon as a model for the coupling of quark–antiquark and quark–antiquark–gluon hybrid states in QCD. For an interesting range of parameters, the results are analytic. We find a case for which wave functions (and hence decay patterns) may be at odds with mass with respect to identification of a state as hybrid or not.

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Yu, Su-Peng, Juan A. Muniz, Chen-Lung Hung, and H. J. Kimble. "Two-dimensional photonic crystals for engineering atom–light interactions." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116, no. 26 (June 12, 2019): 12743–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1822110116.

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We present a 2D photonic crystal system for interacting with cold cesium (Cs) atoms. The band structures of the 2D photonic crystals are predicted to produce unconventional atom–light interaction behaviors, including anisotropic emission, suppressed spontaneous decay, and photon-mediated atom–atom interactions controlled by the position of the atomic array relative to the photonic crystal. An optical conveyor technique is presented for continuously loading atoms into the desired trapping positions with optimal coupling to the photonic crystal. The device configuration also enables application of optical tweezers for controlled placement of atoms. Devices can be fabricated reliably from a 200-nm silicon nitride device layer using a lithography-based process, producing predicted optical properties in transmission and reflection measurements. These 2D photonic crystal devices can be readily deployed to experiments for many-body physics with neutral atoms and engineering of exotic quantum matter.

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41

Tian, Wei. "A Study about Single-Photon Transport Controlled by Dipole-Dipole Interaction in a One-Dimensional Coupled Waveguide Cavity." Applied Mechanics and Materials 736 (March 2015): 110–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.736.110.

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In this paper, by regulating the dipole-dipole interaction between atoms, we can successfully control the behavior of single-photon transport in one-dimensional waveguide cavity. Our findings indicate that the dipole-dipole interaction is equivalent to the positive detuning. Furthermore, we also found that there is a competition between dipole-dipole interaction and the atom-cavity coupling. In addition, we also studied the influences of dipole-dipole interaction on transport spectrum under extreme conditions of high and low energy.

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MIR, MUBEEN A., and M. S. K. RAZMI. "AMPLITUDE-SQUARED SQUEEZING IN THE m-PHOTON JAYNES-CUMMINGS MODEL WITH SQUEEZED FIELD INPUT." International Journal of Modern Physics B 06, no. 13 (July 10, 1992): 2409–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979292001213.

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Amplitude-squared (AS) squeezing has been investigated for the m-photon Jaynes-Cummings model assuming the field to be initially in the squeezed states. The role played by intensity-dependent coupling has also been discussed. It has been shown that for the large initial average photon number [Formula: see text] with odd values of m, AS squeezing revokes permanently whereas with even values it recurs periodically. As m increases the revocation is hastened and the duration of occurrence decreases. Higher values of m for the initial field in a squeezed vacuum state can make one of the quadrature permanently squeezed. The AS squeezing behavior for two initial states of the atom, i.e., ground state versus excited state is also compared.

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43

Prasad, Vinod, Rinku Sharma, and Man Mohan. "Excitation Dynamics of an Atom due to Heavy Ion Impact in a Laser Field." Australian Journal of Physics 51, no. 3 (1998): 527. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/p97077.

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Laser assisted inelastic scattering of heavy ions by alkali atoms is studied theoretically. The non-perturbative quasi-energy method, generalised for many states, is used to describe the laser-atom interaction, and the close coupling method using the impact parameter method is used for scattering calculations. We have calculated the transition probabilities and total cross section for the excitation of alkali atoms, due to simultaneous proton-photon collisions. We show the effect of laser and collision parameters, e.g. laser intensity, impact parameter, laser frequency, on the excitation process.

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44

Abd El-Wahab, N. H., and R. A. Zait. "Intensity-dependent and multi-photon Hamiltonian of two two-level atoms and two-mode field in a Kerr medium solved by virtue of supersymmetric unitary transformation." Modern Physics Letters A 36, no. 09 (March 4, 2021): 2150060. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217732321500607.

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We consider a generalized multi-photon interaction of two collectively two-level atoms with two-mode of electromagnetic field in the presence of Kerr medium and intensity-dependent coupling. We show that this atomic system possesses supersymmetric structure. We solved this system by virtue of supersymmetric unitary transformation. The supersymmetric generators of this atomic system are constructed. The diagonalization of the corresponding Hamiltonian is performed by introducing a supersymmetric unitary transformation. Accordingly, the eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of the Hamiltonian of the atomic system are obtained. The time evolution of the atom–field wave functions is derived in an exact form for two cases of the initial states of the atoms and the field modes. Some quantum effects such as the second-order correlation function, cross-correlation, purity and Husimi Q-function are investigated. The effects of the Kerr medium, detuning parameter, intensity-dependent coupling and multi-photon transition on the evolution of these quantum effects are examined. We conclude that the supersymmetric unitary transformation method is very simple and can be applied to a variety of atomic systems which possess a supersymmetric structure.

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45

TAVASSOLY, M. K., and F. YADOLLAHI. "DYNAMICS OF STATES IN THE NONLINEAR INTERACTION REGIME BETWEEN A THREE-LEVEL ATOM AND GENERALIZED COHERENT STATES AND THEIR NON-CLASSICAL FEATURES." International Journal of Modern Physics B 26, no. 05 (February 20, 2012): 1250027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979212500270.

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The present study investigates the interaction of an equidistant three-level atom and a single-mode cavity field that has been initially prepared in a generalized coherent state. The atom–field interaction is considered to be, in general, intensity-dependent. We suppose that the nonlinearity of the initial generalized coherent state of the field and the intensity-dependent coupling between atom and field are distinctly chosen. Interestingly, an exact analytical solution for the time evolution of the state of atom–field system can be found in this general regime in terms of the nonlinearity functions. Finally, the presented formalism has been applied to a few known physical systems such as Gilmore–Perelomov and Barut–Girardello coherent states of SU(1,1) group, as well as a few special cases of interest. Mean photon number and atomic population inversion will be calculated, in addition to investigating particular non-classicality features such as revivals, sub-Poissonian statistics and quadratures squeezing of the obtained states of the entire system. Also, our results will be compared with some of the earlier works in this particular subject.

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Niemietz, Dominik, Pau Farrera, Stefan Langenfeld, and Gerhard Rempe. "Nondestructive detection of photonic qubits." Nature 591, no. 7851 (March 24, 2021): 570–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-03290-z.

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AbstractOne of the biggest challenges in experimental quantum information is to sustain the fragile superposition state of a qubit1. Long lifetimes can be achieved for material qubit carriers as memories2, at least in principle, but not for propagating photons that are rapidly lost by absorption, diffraction or scattering3. The loss problem can be mitigated with a nondestructive photonic qubit detector that heralds the photon without destroying the encoded qubit. Such a detector is envisioned to facilitate protocols in which distributed tasks depend on the successful dissemination of photonic qubits4,5, improve loss-sensitive qubit measurements6,7 and enable certain quantum key distribution attacks8. Here we demonstrate such a detector based on a single atom in two crossed fibre-based optical resonators, one for qubit-insensitive atom–photon coupling and the other for atomic-state detection9. We achieve a nondestructive detection efficiency upon qubit survival of 79 ± 3 per cent and a photon survival probability of 31 ± 1 per cent, and we preserve the qubit information with a fidelity of 96.2 ± 0.3 per cent. To illustrate the potential of our detector, we show that it can, with the current parameters, improve the rate and fidelity of long-distance entanglement and quantum state distribution compared to previous methods, provide resource optimization via qubit amplification and enable detection-loophole-free Bell tests.

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Lin, Liangwei, Weiwei Zhang, Qipeng Cai, Yiguang Xu, Haipeng Yu, Xiaosheng Wang, Xiaohong Fang, et al. "The Single-Photon Scattering Properties of Three-Level Giant Atoms under the Interaction of Dissipation and Local Coupling." Symmetry 16, no. 2 (February 11, 2024): 217. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym16020217.

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The coupling of three-level giant atoms with one-dimensional waveguides can show interesting phenomena of transmission and reflection. Since the non-waveguide mode can cause the dissipation of external atoms, we consider the effect of the dissipation rate on the scattering of single photons in the system with giant atom–waveguide coupling. We find that as the dissipation rate of giant atoms increases, the transmission rate of a single photon increases and the reflection rate decreases. In addition, by varying the phase difference and decay rate, the giant atoms are able to achieve perfect transmission and total reflection over the entire frequency range. We also find and show the conditions for the conversion of the optimal frequency. When the cumulative phase of photons reaches a certain value, the system can achieve perfect transmission, which is independent of frequency. This model of coupling giant atoms with waveguides has a promising application in quantum communication and quantum information processing.

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Zhang, Wei, Shutian Liu, Shou Zhang, and Hong‐Fu Wang. "Kerr‐Nonlinearity Enhanced Photon Blockades via Driving a Δ‐Type Atom." Advanced Quantum Technologies, September 22, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/qute.202300187.

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AbstractThe single‐ and two‐photon blockade effects in an optical cavity with a nonlinear Kerr medium, which is coupled with a three‐level atom, forming a Δ‐type transition configuration and closed‐loop coupling are investigated by introducing two driving fields in the atom‐cavity system. It is found that single‐ and two‐photon blockades can be remarkably enhanced by the Kerr nonlinearity, however, the parameter regimes governing two blockades are distinctly different. It is demonstrated that a large Kerr nonlinearity makes more contribution to the single‐photon blockade, as compared to the two‐photon blockade effect. Furthermore, by varying the atom‐cavity coupling strength, single‐ and two‐photon blockades can alternatingly occur. Additionally, the region where two‐photon blockade occurs is widened at the cost of increased Kerr nonlinearity and atom‐cavity coupling. This work provides an alternative way to manipulate the few‐photon states and has potential applications in generating single‐photon or two‐photon sources.

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Lu, Yuwei, Jing-Feng Liu, Runhua Li, Yanxiong Wu, Haishu Tan, and Yongyao Li. "Single-photon blockade in quasichiral atom-photon interaction: Simultaneous high purity and high efficiency." New Journal of Physics, April 25, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/ac6a46.

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Abstract We investigate the single-photon blockade (1PB) in the quasichiral regime of atom-photon interaction, where the effective coupling between the cavity and the atom is bidirectional but asymmetrical, achieved by coupling to a dissipative environment. A synthetic magnetic current Φ is induced in the closed-loop coupling, which breaks down the reciprocity of atom-photon interaction and results in an asymmetrical or even unidirectional effective coupling between two selected quantum states. As an example, we couple the single-atom cavity-QED (cQED) system to a strongly dissipative plasmonic cavity. We find that in the quasichiral regime, the unconventional photon blockade (UPB) and the conventional photon blockade (CPB) realize simultaneously in the condition of maximum chirality (Φ = π/2 and 3π/2). As a result, 1PB in the quasichiral regime can combine the advantages of both UPB and CPB, demonstrating the perfect single-photon purity, higher efficiency, non-oscillating time dynamics as well as lower requirement of mode coupling to achieve UPB. Our work paves the way for single-photon blockade towards practical applications and reveals the intriguing quantum-optics phenomena in the quasichiral light-matter interaction.

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Montaño, Wallace H., and Jesús A. Maytorena. "Generalized Rotating‐Wave Approximation for the Quantum Rabi Model with Optomechanical Interaction." Annalen der Physik, October 5, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/andp.202300140.

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AbstractThe spectrum of energy and eigenstates of an hybrid cavity optomechanical system, where a cavity field mode interacts with a mechanical mode of a vibrating end mirror via radiation pressure and with a two level atom via electric dipole interaction are investigated. In the spirit of approximations developed for the quantum Rabi model beyond rotating‐wave approximation (RWA), the so‐called generalized RWA (GRWA) to diagonalize the tripartite Hamiltonian for arbitrary large couplings is implemented. Notably, the GRWA approach still allows to rewrite the hybrid Hamiltonian in a bipartite form, like a Rabi model with dressed atom‐field states (polaritons) coupled to mechanical modes through reparametrized coupling strength and Rabi frequency. A more accurate energy spectrum for a wide range of values of the atom‐photon and photon–phonon couplings, when compared to the RWA results is found. The fidelity between the numerical eigenstates and its approximated counterparts is also calculated. The degree of polariton‐phonon entanglement of the eigenstates presents a non‐monotonic behavior as the atom‐photon coupling varies, in contrast to the characteristic monotonic increase in the RWA treatment.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Atom-photon coupling'

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