Relevant bibliographies by topics / Atom lasers Bose-Einstein condensation BEC

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Atom lasers Bose-Einstein condensation BEC'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Atom lasers Bose-Einstein condensation BEC"

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Sah, Arbind Kumar. "An Atom Laser over Optical Lasers." Himalayan Physics 4 (December 23, 2013): 99–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hj.v4i0.9438.

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An atom laser is a coherent state of propagating atoms. They are created out of a Bose Einstein Condensation (BEC) of atoms which are output coupled using various techniques. An optical laser or conventional laser generates a coherent beam of light waves where as an atom laser produces a coherent beam of matter waves. An atom laser will have a major impact on the fields of atom optics, atom lithography and precision measurements.The Himalayan Physics Vol. 4, No. 4, 2013 Page: 99-101 Uploaded date: 12/23/2013
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Ball, Philip. "How cold atoms got hot: an interview with William Phillips." National Science Review 3, no. 2 (November 9, 2015): 201–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nsr/nwv075.

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Abstract William Phillips of the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) in Gaithersburg, Maryland, shared the 1997 Nobel Prize in physics for his work in developing laser methods for cooling and trapping atoms. Interactions between the light field and the atoms create what is dubbed an ‘optical molasses’ that slows the atoms down, thereby reducing their temperature to within a fraction of a degree of absolute zero. These techniques allow atoms to be studied with great precision, for example measuring their resonant frequencies for light absorption very accurately, so that these frequencies may supply very stable timing standards for atomic clocks. Besides applications in metrology, such cooling methods can also be used to study new fundamental physics. The 1997 Nobel award was widely considered to be a response to the first observation in 1995 of pure Bose–Einstein condensation (BEC), in which a collection of bosonic atoms all occupy a single quantum state. This quantum-mechanical effect only becomes possible at very low temperatures, and the team that achieved it, working at JILA operated jointly by the University of Colorado and NIST, used the techniques devised by Phillips and others. Since then, cold-atom physics has branched in many directions, among them being attempts to make a quantum computer (which would use logic operations based on quantum rules) from ultracold trapped atoms and ions. ‘National Science Review’ spoke with Phillips about the development and future potential of the field.
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Lu, B., and W. A. van Wijngaarden. "Bose–Einstein condensation in a QUIC trap." Canadian Journal of Physics 82, no. 2 (February 1, 2004): 81–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/p03-127.

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The apparatus and procedure required to generate a pure Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) consisting of about half a million 87Rb atoms at a temperature of <60 nK with a phase density of >54 is described. The atoms are first laser cooled in a vapour cell magneto-optical trap (MOT) and subsequently transferred to an ultra-low pressure MOT. The atoms are loaded into a QUIC trap consisting of a pair of quadrupole coils and a Ioffe coil that generates a small finite magnetic field at the trap energy minimum to suppress Majorana transitions. Evaporation induced by an RF field lowers the temperature permitting the transition to BEC to be observed by monitoring the free expansion of the atoms after the trapping fields have been switched off.PACS Nos.: 03.75.Fi, 05.30.Jp, 32.80.Pj, 64.60.–i
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Hashimoto, Takahiro, Yuichi Ota, Akihiro Tsuzuki, Tsubaki Nagashima, Akiko Fukushima, Shigeru Kasahara, Yuji Matsuda, et al. "Bose-Einstein condensation superconductivity induced by disappearance of the nematic state." Science Advances 6, no. 45 (November 2020): eabb9052. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abb9052.

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The crossover from the superconductivity of the Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) regime to the Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) regime holds a key to understanding the nature of pairing and condensation of fermions. It has been mainly studied in ultracold atoms, but in solid systems, fundamentally previously unknown insights may be obtained because multiple energy bands and coexisting electronic orders strongly affect spin and orbital degrees of freedom. Here, we provide evidence for the BCS-BEC crossover in iron-based superconductors FeSe1 − xSx from laser-excited angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy. The system enters the BEC regime with x = 0.21, where the nematic state that breaks the orbital degeneracy is fully suppressed. The substitution dependence is opposite to the expectation for single-band superconductors, which calls for a new mechanism of BCS-BEC crossover in this system.
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DONG, GUANGJIONG. "SPATIAL TUNING OF BOSE-EINSTEIN CONDENSATIONS." International Journal of Modern Physics B 21, no. 23n24 (September 30, 2007): 4265–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979207045505.

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We briefly review our recent work on spatial tuning of Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC). We first study spatially periodic tuning of the s-wave scattering length for controlling the propagation of a BEC matter wave, and find matter wave limiting processing and bistability. Second, we show that a stable BEC with natural attractive interaction could be formed by tuning the s -wave scattering length with a Gaussian optical field, but the condensed atom number should be less than a critical value. Further, we apply Thomas-Fermi approximation to obtain a formula for this critical value.
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Mukherjee, Koushik, Soumik Bandyopadhyay, Dilip Angom, Andrew M. Martin, and Sonjoy Majumder. "Dynamics of the Creation of a Rotating Bose–Einstein Condensation by Two Photon Raman Transition Using a Laguerre–Gaussian Laser Pulse." Atoms 9, no. 1 (February 8, 2021): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atoms9010014.

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We present numerical simulations to unravel the dynamics associated with the creation of a vortex in a Bose–Einstein condensate (BEC), from another nonrotating BEC using two-photon Raman transition with Gaussian (G) and Laguerre–Gaussian (LG) laser pulses. In particular, we consider BEC of Rb atoms at their hyperfine ground states confined in a quasi two dimensional harmonic trap. Optical dipole potentials created by G and LG laser pulses modify the harmonic trap in such a way that density patterns of the condensates during the Raman transition process depend on the sign of the generated vortex. We investigate the role played by the Raman coupling parameter manifested through dimensionless peak Rabi frequency and intercomponent interaction on the dynamics during the population transfer process and on the final population of the rotating condensate. During the Raman transition process, the two BECs tend to have larger overlap with each other for stronger intercomponent interaction strength.
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NAKAGAWA, Kenichi. "Laser Cooling and Bose-Einstein Condensation. Coherent Atom Optics with Atom Lasers." Review of Laser Engineering 28, no. 3 (2000): 160–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.2184/lsj.28.160.

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HAN, FUXIANG, MINGHAO LEI, and E. WU. "SIMULTANEOUS ONSET OF CONDENSATION OF MOLECULES AND ATOMS IN AN ATTRACTIVE FERMI GAS OF ATOMS." Modern Physics Letters B 21, no. 01 (January 10, 2007): 51–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984907012396.

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The self-consistent equations for the order parameters of Bose–Einstein condensation (BEC) of molecules and Bardeen–Cooper–Schrieffer (BCS) condensation of atoms in a Fermi gas of atoms with an attractive two-body interaction between atoms have been derived within the Hartree–Fock–Bogoliubov approximation from the path integral representation of the grand partition function. We have found that the order parameters for BEC and BCS are proportional to each other, which implies that BEC and BCS onsets simultaneously. We have also found that the common critical temperature of BEC and BCS increases as the average number of molecules increases and that the atom-molecule coupling enhances the common critical temperature.
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CORNELL, E. A., and C. E. WIEMAN. "BOSE-EINSTEIN CONDENSATION IN A DILUTE GAS: THE FIRST 70 YEARS AND SOME RECENT EXPERIMENTS." International Journal of Modern Physics B 16, no. 30 (November 30, 2002): 4503–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979202014681.

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Bose-Einstein condensation, or BEC, has a long and rich history dating from the early 1920s. In this article we will trace briefly over this history and some of the developments in physics that made possible our successful pursuit of BEC in a gas. We will then discuss what was involved in this quest. In this discussion we will go beyond the usual technical description to try and address certain questions that we now hear frequently, but are not covered in our past research papers. These are questions along the lines of "How did you get the idea and decide to pursue it? Did you know it was going to work? How long did it take you and why?" We will review some of our favorites from among the experiments we have carried out with BEC. There will then be a brief encore on why we are optimistic that BEC can be created with nearly any species of magnetically trappable atom. Throughout this article we will try to explain what makes BEC in a dilute gas so interesting, unique, and experimentally challenging.
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Wu, Hao, Hongbo Zhu, Jianwei Zhang, Hangyu Peng, Li Qin, and Yongqiang Ning. "A High-Power and Highly Efficient Semi-Conductor MOPA System for Lithium Atomic Physics." Applied Sciences 9, no. 3 (January 30, 2019): 471. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9030471.

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A compact and highly efficient 670.8-nm semi-conductor master oscillator power amplifier (MOPA) system, with a unique optical design, is demonstrated. The MOPA system achieves a continuous-wave (CW) output power of 2.2 W, which is much higher than commercial products using semi-conductor devices. By comparing solid state lasers and dye lasers, higher wall-plug efficiency (WPE) of 20 % is achieved. Our developed laser system also achieves spectral line-width of 0.3 pm (200 MHz) and mode-hop free tuning range of 49 pm (32.6 GHz), which is very suitable for experiments of lithium atomic physics at several-watt power levels, such as Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) and isotope absorption spectroscopy.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Atom lasers Bose-Einstein condensation BEC"

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Bookjans, Eva M. "Relative number squeezing in a Spin-1 Bose-Einstein condensate." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/37148.

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The quantum properties of matter waves, in particular quantum correlations and entanglement are an important frontier in atom optics with applications in quantum metrology and quantum information. In this thesis, we report the first observation of sub-Poissonian fluctuations in the magnetization of a spinor 87Rb condensate. The fluctuations in the magnetization are reduced up to 10 dB below the classical shot noise limit. This relative number squeezing is indicative of the predicted pair-correlations in a spinor condensate and lay the foundation for future experiments involving spin-squeezing and entanglement measurements. We have investigated the limits of the imaging techniques used in our lab, absorption and fluorescence imaging, and have developed the capability to measure atoms numbers with an uncertainly < 10 atoms. Condensates as small as ≈ 10 atoms were imaged and the measured fluctuations agree well with the theoretical predictions. Furthermore, we implement a reliable calibration method of our imaging system based on quantum projection noise measurements. We have resolved the individual lattice sites of a standing-wave potential created by a CO2 laser, which has a lattice spacing of 5.3 µm. Using microwaves, we site-selectively address and manipulate the condensate and therefore demonstrate the ability to perturb the lattice condensate of a local level. Interference between condensates in adjacent lattice sites and lattice sites separated by a lattice site are observed.
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Barrett, Murray Douglas. "A QUEST for BEC : an all optical alternative." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/29520.

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Singh, Mandip. "A magnetic lattice and macroscopic entanglement of a BEC on an atom chip." Swinburne Research Bank, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.3/55142.

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Thesis (PhD) - Swinburne University of Technology, Centre for Atom Optics and Ultrafast Spectroscopy, 2008.
Thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, Centre for Atom Optics and Ultrafast Spectroscopy, Faculty of Engineering and Industrial Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, 2008. Typescript. Bibliography: p. 143-158.
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Haine, Simon A. "The stability of a continuously pumped atom laser." View electronic text, 2002. http://eprints.anu.edu.au/documents/disk0/00/00/06/62/index.html.

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Thesis (BSc. (Hons))--Australian National University, 2002.
Available via the Australian National University Library Electronic Pre and Post Print Repository. Title from title screen (viewed Feb. 18, 2003). "A thesis submitted as partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Science with Honours in theoretical physics at the Australian National University" Includes bibliographical references.
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Hamley, Christopher David. "Spin-nematic squeezing in a spin-1 Bose-Einstein condensate." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/47523.

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The primary study of this thesis is spin-nematic squeezing in a spin-1 condensate. The measurement of spin-nematic squeezing builds on the success of previous experiments of spin-mixing together with advances in low noise atom counting. The major contributions of this thesis are linking theoretical models to experimental results and the development of the intuition and tools to address the squeezed subspaces. Understanding how spin-nematic squeezing is generated and how to measure it has required a review of several theoretical models of spin-mixing as well as extending these existing models. This extension reveals that the squeezing is between quadratures of a spin moment and a nematic (quadrapole) moment in abstract subspaces of the SU(3) symmetry group of the spin-1 system. The identification of the subspaces within the SU(3) symmetry allowed the development of techniques using RF and microwave oscillating magnetic fields to manipulate the phase space in order to measure the spin-nematic squeezing. Spin-mixing from a classically meta-stable state, the phase space manipulation, and low noise atom counting form the core of the experiment to measure spin-nematic squeezing. Spin-nematic squeezing is also compared to its quantum optics analogue, two-mode squeezing generated by four-wave mixing. The other experimental study in this thesis is performing spin-dependent photo-association spectroscopy. Spin-mixing is known to depend on the difference of the strengths of the scattering channels of the atoms. Optical Feshbach resonances have been shown to be able to alter these scattering lengths but with prohibitive losses of atoms near the resonance. The possibility of using multiple nearby resonances from different scattering channels has been proposed to overcome this limitation. However there was no spectroscopy in the literature which analyzes for the different scattering channels of atoms for the same initial states. Through analysis of the initial atomic states, this thesis studies how the spin state of the atoms affects what photo-association resonances are available to the colliding atoms based on their scattering channel and how this affects the optical Feshbach resonances. From this analysis a prediction is made for the extent of alteration of spin-mixing achievable as well as the impact on the atom loss rate.
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Corgier, Robin. "Engineered atomic states for precision interferometry." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLS186/document.

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La physique moderne repose sur deux théories fondamentales distinctes, la relativité générale et la mécanique quantique. Toutes les deux décrivent d’une part les phénomènes macroscopiques et cosmologiques tels que les ondes gravitationnelles et les trous noirs et d’autre part les phénomènes microscopiques comme la superfluidité ou le spin des particules. L’unification de ces deux théories reste, jusqu’à présent, un problème non résolu. Il est intéressant de noter que les différentes théories de gravité quantique prédisent une violation des principes de la relativité générale à différents niveaux.Il est donc hautement intéressant de détecter les violations de ces principes et de déterminer à quel niveau elles se produisent.De récentes propositions pour effectuer des tests du principe d’ équivalence d’Einstein suggèrent une amélioration spectaculaire des performances en utilisant des capteurs atomiques `a ondes de matière.Dans ce contexte, il est nécessaire de concevoir des états d’entrée de l’interferomètre avec des conditions initiales bien définies. Un test de pointe de l’universalité de la chute libre (Universality of FreeFall en anglais (UFF) ) nécessiterait, par exemple,un contrôle des positions et des vitesses avec une précision de l’ordre de 1 μm et 1 μm.s⁻¹ , respectivement.De plus, les systématiques liées à la taille du paquet d’ondes limitent le taux d’expansion maximum possible à 100 μm.s⁻¹. La création initiale des états d’entrée de l’interféromètre doit être assez rapide,de l’ordre de quelques centaines de ms au maximum,pour que le temps de cycle de l’expérience soit pertinent d’un point de vue métrologique. Dans cette thèse j’ai développé des séquences optimisées s’appuyant sur l’excitation du centre de masse et de la taille d’un ou plusieurs ensembles d’atomes refroidis ainsi que dégénérés. Certaines séquences proposé dans cette thèse ont déjà été implémenté dans des expériences augmentant de manière significative le contrôle des ensembles atomiques
Modern physics relies on two distinct fundamental theories, General Relativity and Quantum Mechanics. Both describe on one hand macroscopic and cosmological phenomena such as gravitational waves and black holes and on the other hand microscopic phenomena as superfluidity or the spin of particles. The unification of these two theories remains, so far, an unsolved problem. Interestingly, candidate Quantum Gravity theories predict a violation of the principles of General Relativity at different levels. It is, therefore, of a timely interest to detect violations of these principles and determine at which level they occur. Recent proposals to perform Einstein Equivalence Principle tests suggest a dramatic performance improvement using matter-wave atomic sensors. In this context, the design of the input states with well defined initial conditions is required. A state-of-the-art test of the universality of free fall (UFF) would, for example, require a control of positions and velocities at the level of 1 µm and 1 µm.s⁻¹, respectively. Moreover, sizerelated systematics constrain the maximum expansion rate possible to the 100 µm.s⁻¹level. This initial engineering of the input states has to be quite fast, of the order of few hundred ms at maximum, for the experiment’s duty cycle to be metrologically-relevant. In this thesis I developed optimized sequences based on the excitation of the center of mass and the size excitation of one or two cooled atomic sample as well as degenerated gases. Some sequences proposed in this thesis have already been implemented in experiments and significantly increase the control of atomic ensembles
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Haine, S. A. "The stability of a continuously pumped atom laser." Thesis, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/41353.

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In this thesis we theoretically model a continuously pumped atom laser using the mean-field description. We find that it is unstable below a critical scattering length. Above the critical scattering length, the atom laser reaches a steady state, the stability of which increases with pumping. Below this limit the atom laser does not reach a steady state. We show that this instability results from the competition between gain and loss for the excited states of the lasing mode, and show how the nonlinearities stabilise the system. The requirement for a minimum scattering length will determine a fundamental limit for the linewidth of an atom laser beam. We propose a method of stabilising the system below the critical scattering length and investigate its effectiveness.
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Robins, Nicholas P. "Bose-Einstein condensation and the atom laser." Phd thesis, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/148727.

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Lye, Jessica Elizabeth. "Dynamic non-destructive detection of Bose-Einstein condensates and atom lasers." Phd thesis, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/150019.

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Jeppesen, Matthew. "Development of the atom laser." Phd thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/151544.

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Books on the topic "Atom lasers Bose-Einstein condensation BEC"

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Al, S. Martellucci et. Bose-Einstein Condensates and Atom Lasers. Dordrecht: Springer, 2000.

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(Editor), S. Martellucci, Arthur N. Chester (Editor), Alain Aspect (Editor), and Massimo Inguscio (Editor), eds. Bose-Einstein Condensates and Atom Lasers. Springer, 2000.

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Aspect, Alain, S. Martellucci, Massimo Inguscio, and Arthur N. Chester. Bose-Einstein Condensates and Atom Lasers. Springer, 2013.

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Book chapters on the topic "Atom lasers Bose-Einstein condensation BEC"

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Bouyer, P., V. Boyer, S. G. Murdoch, G. Delannoy, Y. Le Coq, A. Aspect, and M. Lécrivain. "RF-Induced Evaporative Cooling And BEC In A High Magnetic Field." In Bose-Einstein Condensates and Atom Lasers, 165–86. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/0-306-47103-5_12.

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Basu, Prasanta Kumar, Bratati Mukhopadhyay, and Rikmantra Basu. "Bose–Einstein condensation." In Semiconductor Nanophotonics, 370–407. Oxford University PressOxford, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198784692.003.0012.

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Abstract The concept of Bose–Einstein condensation (BEC) critical temperature and volume are introduced for atomic systems. The possibility of observation of BEC at high temperature due to small mass is discussed considering exciton-polaritons in bulk CuCl, CdSe, and Cu2O, indirect excitons in coupled QWs, and mostly polaritons in semiconductor microcavities, the last system being most effective for observing BEC at room temperature. The dispersion relations of exciton-polaritons for both upper and lower polariton branches, effective masses, scattering processes, and conditions for observing BEC in microcavities are discussed. Experimental results for BEC in such structures, pumping and detection mechanisms, and characteristics are then presented. Novel features of polariton lasers, progress in developing room temperature electrically pumped lasers with structures are then presented. A model for electrically driven polariton laser considering formation and scattering of excitons is developed and a steady state rate equation model is used to obtain useful characteristics.
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Kenyon, Ian R. "Gaseous Bose–Einstein condensates." In Quantum 20/20, 285–302. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198808350.003.0016.

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The (gaseous) BECs are introduced: clouds of 106−8 alkali metal atoms, usually 87Rb or 23Na, below ~1 μ‎K. The laser cooling and magnetic trapping are described including the evaporation step needed to reach the conditions for condensation. The magnetooptical and Ioffe–Pritchard traps are described. Imaging methods, both destructive and non-destructive are described. Evidence of condensation is presented; and of interference between separated clouds, thus confirming the coherence of the condensates. The measurement of the condensate fraction is recounted. The Gross–Pitaevskii analysis of condensate properties is given in an appendix. How Bragg spectroscopy is used to obtain the dispersion relation for excitations is detailed. Finally the BEC/BCS crossover is introduced and the role therein of Feshbach resonances.
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Conference papers on the topic "Atom lasers Bose-Einstein condensation BEC"

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Miesner, Hans-Joachim, and Wolfgang Ketterle. "Bose-Einstein condensation in dilute atomic gases and the realization of an atom laser." In Optoelectronics and High-Power Lasers & Applications, edited by Bryan L. Fearey. SPIE, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.308368.

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Dupont-Nivet, M., C. I. Westbrook, and S. Schwartz. "The Role of Trap Symmetry in an Atom-Chip Interferometer above the Bose-Einstein Condensation Threshold." In 2019 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cleoe-eqec.2019.8872823.

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Kim, S. J., H. Yu, Y. L. Moon, and J. B. Kim. "Compact experimental apparatus for producing high repetition rate 87Rb Bose Einstein condensation on atom chip." In 2013 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Pacific Rim (CLEO-PR). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cleopr.2013.6600614.

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