Relevant bibliographies by topics / Atmospheric databases

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  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
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Academic literature on the topic 'Atmospheric databases'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 25 May 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Atmospheric databases"

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Guo, Yuhang, Xiaoying Li, Tianhai Cheng, Shenshen Li, Xinyuan Zhang, Wenjing Lu, and Weifang Fang. "Construction of the Global Reference Atmospheric Profile Database." Remote Sensing 15, no. 12 (June 8, 2023): 3006. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs15123006.

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Atmospheric profiles are important input parameters for atmospheric radiative transfer models and atmospheric parameter inversions. The construction of regionally representative reference atmospheric profiles can provide basic data for global atmospheric and environmental research. Most reference atmospheric profile databases commonly used lag behind in updating frequency. These databases usually have limited spatial and temporal resolution and differ greatly from the real atmospheric state. To present the real atmospheric state, this article constructs the Global Reference Atmospheric Profile Database (GRAP) based on ACE-FTS satellite products of 2021 and 2022, AIRS satellite products and ERA5 reanalysis data of 2022 u6sing a random forest regression model and a hierarchical mean algorithm. The radiance spectrum of FY-3E HIRAS-II using different profile databases was simulated and compared with the measured spectrum. The results show that GRAP spectral simulations fit better with the measured HIRAS-II spectrum. Comparing the CO2, CH4, O3 and N2O profiles of GRAP, AFGL, MIPAS, RTTOV and NDACC ground station profiles in equatorial, mid-latitude summer and polar winter, the results show that GRAP has high spatial and temporal resolution and better fits the current real atmospheric state. Comparing the temperature profiles of eight regions in China, the results illustrate that GRAP is a better representation of the state of the atmosphere in the Chinese region. GRAP can provide fundamental atmospheric data for radiative transfer studies and atmospheric parameter inversions.
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Vicent, Jorge, Jochem Verrelst, Neus Sabater, Luis Alonso, Juan Pablo Rivera-Caicedo, Luca Martino, Jordi Muñoz-Marí, and José Moreno. "Comparative analysis of atmospheric radiative transfer models using the Atmospheric Look-up table Generator (ALG) toolbox (version 2.0)." Geoscientific Model Development 13, no. 4 (April 20, 2020): 1945–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-1945-2020.

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Abstract. Atmospheric radiative transfer models (RTMs) are software tools that help researchers in understanding the radiative processes occurring in the Earth's atmosphere. Given their importance in remote sensing applications, the intercomparison of atmospheric RTMs is therefore one of the main tasks used to evaluate model performance and identify the characteristics that differ between models. This can be a tedious tasks that requires good knowledge of the model inputs/outputs and the generation of large databases of consistent simulations. With the evolution of these software tools, their increase in complexity bears implications for their use in practical applications and model intercomparison. Existing RTM-specific graphical user interfaces are not optimized for performing intercomparison studies of a wide variety of atmospheric RTMs. In this paper, we present the Atmospheric Look-up table Generator (ALG) version 2.0, a new software tool that facilitates generating large databases for a variety of atmospheric RTMs. ALG facilitates consistent and intuitive user interaction to enable the running of model executions and storing of RTM data for any spectral configuration in the optical domain. We demonstrate the utility of ALG in performing intercomparison studies of radiance simulations from broadly used atmospheric RTMs (6SV, MODTRAN, and libRadtran) through global sensitivity analysis. We expect that providing ALG to the research community will facilitate the usage of atmospheric RTMs to a wide range of applications in Earth observation.
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Maycock, Amanda C., Katja Matthes, Susann Tegtmeier, Hauke Schmidt, Rémi Thiéblemont, Lon Hood, Hideharu Akiyoshi, et al. "The representation of solar cycle signals in stratospheric ozone – Part 2: Analysis of global models." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 18, no. 15 (August 13, 2018): 11323–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-11323-2018.

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Abstract. The impact of changes in incoming solar irradiance on stratospheric ozone abundances should be included in climate simulations to aid in capturing the atmospheric response to solar cycle variability. This study presents the first systematic comparison of the representation of the 11-year solar cycle ozone response (SOR) in chemistry–climate models (CCMs) and in pre-calculated ozone databases specified in climate models that do not include chemistry, with a special focus on comparing the recommended protocols for the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 and Phase 6 (CMIP5 and CMIP6). We analyse the SOR in eight CCMs from the Chemistry–Climate Model Initiative (CCMI-1) and compare these with results from three ozone databases for climate models: the Bodeker Scientific ozone database, the SPARC/Atmospheric Chemistry and Climate (AC&C) ozone database for CMIP5 and the SPARC/CCMI ozone database for CMIP6. The peak amplitude of the annual mean SOR in the tropical upper stratosphere (1–5 hPa) decreases by more than a factor of 2, from around 5 to 2 %, between the CMIP5 and CMIP6 ozone databases. This substantial decrease can be traced to the CMIP5 ozone database being constructed from a regression model fit to satellite and ozonesonde measurements, while the CMIP6 database is constructed from CCM simulations. The SOR in the CMIP6 ozone database therefore implicitly resembles the SOR in the CCMI-1 models. The structure in latitude of the SOR in the CMIP6 ozone database and CCMI-1 models is considerably smoother than in the CMIP5 database, which shows unrealistic sharp gradients in the SOR across the middle latitudes owing to the paucity of long-term ozone measurements in polar regions. The SORs in the CMIP6 ozone database and the CCMI-1 models show a seasonal dependence with enhanced meridional gradients at mid- to high latitudes in the winter hemisphere. The CMIP5 ozone database does not account for seasonal variations in the SOR, which is unrealistic. Sensitivity experiments with a global atmospheric model without chemistry (ECHAM6.3) are performed to assess the atmospheric impacts of changes in the representation of the SOR and solar spectral irradiance (SSI) forcing between CMIP5 and CMIP6. The larger amplitude of the SOR in the CMIP5 ozone database compared to CMIP6 causes a likely overestimation of the modelled tropical stratospheric temperature response between 11-year solar cycle minimum and maximum by up to 0.55 K, or around 80 % of the total amplitude. This effect is substantially larger than the change in temperature response due to differences in SSI forcing between CMIP5 and CMIP6. The results emphasize the importance of adequately representing the SOR in global models to capture the impact of the 11-year solar cycle on the atmosphere. Since a number of limitations in the representation of the SOR in the CMIP5 ozone database have been identified, we recommend that CMIP6 models without chemistry use the CMIP6 ozone database and the CMIP6 SSI dataset to better capture the climate impacts of solar variability. The SOR coefficients from the CMIP6 ozone database are published with this paper.
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Malina, Edward, Ben Veihelmann, Matthias Buschmann, Nicholas M. Deutscher, Dietrich G. Feist, and Isamu Morino. "On the consistency of methane retrievals using the Total Carbon Column Observing Network (TCCON) and multiple spectroscopic databases." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 15, no. 8 (April 20, 2022): 2377–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-2377-2022.

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Abstract. The next and current generations of methane-retrieving satellite instruments are reliant on the Total Carbon Column Observing Network (TCCON) for validation. Understanding the biases inherent in TCCON and satellite methane retrievals is as important now as when TCCON started in 2004. In this study we highlight possible biases between different methane products by assessing the retrievals of the main methane isotopologue 12CH4. Using the TCCON GGG2014 retrieval environment, retrievals are performed using five separate spectroscopic databases from four separate TCCON sites (namely, Ascension Island, Ny-Ålesund, Darwin and Tsukuba) over the course of a year. The spectroscopic databases include those native to TCCON, GGG2014 and GGG2020; the high-resolution transmission molecular absorption database 2016 (HITRAN2016); the Gestion et Etude des Informations Spectroscopiques Atmosphériques 2020 (GEISA2020) database; and the ESA Scientific Exploitation of Operational Missions – Improved Atmospheric Spectroscopy Databases (SEOM-IAS). We assess the biases in retrieving methane using the standard TCCON windows and the methane window used by the Sentinel-5 Precursor (S5P) TROPOspheric Ozone Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) for each of the different spectroscopic databases. By assessing the retrieved 12CH4 values from individual windows against the standard TCCON retrievals, we find bias values of between 0.05 and 2.5 times the retrieval noise limit. These values vary depending on the window and TCCON site, with Ascension Island showing the lowest biases (typically <0.5) and Ny-Ålesund or Tsukuba showing the largest. For the spectroscopic databases, GEISA2020 shows the largest biases, often greater than 1.5 across the TCCON sites and considered windows. The TROPOMI spectral window (4190–4340 cm−1) shows the largest biases of all the spectral windows, typically >1, for all spectroscopic databases, suggesting that further improvements in spectroscopic parameters are necessary. We further assess the sensitivity of these biases to locally changing atmospheric conditions such as the solar zenith angle (SZA), water vapour and temperature. We find evidence of significant non-linear relationships between the variation in local conditions and the retrieval biases based on regression analysis. In general, each site, database and window combination indicates different degrees of sensitivity, with GEISA2020 often showing the most sensitivity for all TCCON sites. Ny-Ålesund and Tsukuba show the most sensitivity to variations in local condition, while Ascension Island indicates limited sensitivity. Finally, we investigate the biases associated with retrieving 13CH4 from each TCCON site and spectroscopic database, through the calculation of δ13C values. We find high levels of inconsistency, in some cases >100 ‰ between databases, suggesting more work is required to refine the spectroscopic parameters of 13CH4.
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Martin, Chris J., Mohammed H. Haji, Peter M. Dew, Michael J. Pilling, and Peter K. Jimack. "Semantically enhanced provenance capture for chamber model development with a master chemical mechanism." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 367, no. 1890 (December 16, 2008): 987–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2008.0168.

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The development and maintenance of benchmark databases within scientific communities is reliant on interactions with database users. We explore the role of semantically enhanced provenance for computational modelling processes that make use of one such database: the master chemical mechanism, a key resource within the atmospheric chemistry community.
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He, Yutong, Di Tian, Hongxia Wang, Li Yao, Miao Yu, and Pengfei Chen. "A universal and multi-dimensional model for analytical data on geological samples." Geoscientific Instrumentation, Methods and Data Systems 8, no. 2 (October 30, 2019): 277–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gi-8-277-2019.

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Abstract. To promote the sharing and reutilization of geoanalytical data, various geoanalytical databases have been established over the last 30 years. Data models, which form the core of a database, are themselves the subjects of intensive studies. Data models determine the contents stored in the databases and applications of the databases. However, most geoanalytical data models have been designed for specific geological applications, which has led to strong heterogeneity between databases. It is therefore difficult for researchers to communicate and integrate geoanalytical data between databases. In particular, every time a new database is constructed, the time-consuming process of redesigning a data model significantly increases the development cycle. This study introduces a new data model that is universally applicable and highly efficient. The data model is applied to various geoanalytical methods and corresponding applications, and comprehensive analytical data contents together with associated background metadata are summarized and catalogued. Universal data attributes are then designed based on these metadata, which means that the model can be used for any geoanalytical database. Additionally, a multi-dimensional data mode is adopted, providing geological researchers with the ability to analyze geoanalytical data from six or more dimensions with high efficiency. Part of the model is implemented with the typical database system (MySQL) and comprehensive comparison experiments with existing geoanalytical data model are presented. The result unambiguously proves that the data model developed in this paper exceeds existing models in efficiency.
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Godart, A., E. Leblois, S. Anquetin, and N. Freychet. "Analysis of the Relationship between Banded Orographic Convection and Atmospheric Properties Using Factorial Discriminant Analysis and Neural Networks." Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology 49, no. 4 (April 1, 2010): 646–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2009jamc2217.1.

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Abstract The relationship between banded orographic convection and atmospheric properties is investigated for a region in the south of France where the associated rainfall events are thought to represent a significant portion of the hydrologic input. The purpose is to develop a method capable of producing an extensive database of banded orographic convection rainfall events from atmospheric sounding data for this region where insufficient rain gauge data and little or no suitable radar or satellite data are available. Two statistical methods—discriminant factorial analysis (DFA) and neural networks (NNs)—are used to determine 16 so-called elaborated nonlinear variables that best identify rainfall events related to banded orographic convection from atmospheric soundings. The approach takes rainfall information into account indirectly because it “learns” from the results of a previous study that explored meteorological and available rainfall databases, even if incomplete. The new variables include wind shear, low-level moisture fluxes, and gradients of the potential temperature in the lower layers of the atmosphere, and they were used to create an extensive database of banded orographic convection events from the archive of atmospheric soundings. Results of numerical simulations using the nonhydrostatic mesoscale (Méso-NH) meteorological model validate this approach and offer interesting perspectives for the understanding of the physical processes associated with banded orographic convection. DFA proves to be useful to determine the most discriminant factors with a physical meaning. Neural networks provide better results, but they do not allow for physical interpretation. The best solution is therefore to use the two methods together.
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Goldman, A., M. T. Coffey, J. W. Hannigan, W. G. Mankin, K. V. Chance, and C. P. Rinsland. "HBr and HI line parameters update for atmospheric spectroscopy databases." Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer 82, no. 1-4 (November 2003): 313–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-4073(03)00160-2.

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Chevallier, F., A. Chédin, F. Cheruy, and J. J. Morcrette. "TIGR-like atmospheric-profile databases for accurate radiative-flux computation." Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society 126, no. 563 (January 2000): 777–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/qj.49712656319.

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Chilingarian, Ashot. "Thunderstorm Ground Enhancements Measured on Aragats and Progress of High-Energy Physics in the Atmosphere." Atmosphere 14, no. 2 (February 2, 2023): 300. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos14020300.

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High-energy physics in the atmosphere (HEPA) has undergone an intense reformation in the last decade. Correlated measurements of particle fluxes modulated by strong atmospheric electric fields, simultaneous measurements of the disturbances of the near-surface electric fields and lightning location, and registration of various meteorological parameters on the Earth have led to a better understanding of the complex processes in the terrestrial atmosphere. The cooperation of cosmic rays and atmospheric physics has led to the development of models for the origin of particle bursts recorded on the Earth’s surface, estimation of vertical and horizontal profiles of electric fields in the lower atmosphere, recovery of electron and gamma ray energy spectra, the muon deceleration effect, etc. The main goal of this review is to demonstrate how the measurements performed at the Aragats cosmic ray observatory led to new results in atmospheric physics. We monitored particle fluxes around the clock using synchronized networks of advanced sensors that recorded and stored multidimensional data in databases with open, fast, and reliable access. Visualization and statistical analysis of particle data from hundreds of measurement channels disclosed the structure and strength of the atmospheric electric fields and explained observed particle bursts. Consequent solving of direct and inverse problems of cosmic rays revealed the modulation effects that the atmospheric electric field has on cosmic ray fluxes.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Atmospheric databases"

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Pliutau, Dzianis V. "LIBS and LITE Emission Based Laser Remote Sensing of Chemical Species and Enhanced Modeling of Atmospheric Absorption." Scholar Commons, 2010. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/3531.

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Laser-Induced Breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) and Laser-Induced Thermal Emission (LITE) emission based laser remote sensing were investigated with the application to the remote measurements of trace chemical species. In particular, UVvisible LIBS and Mid-IR LITE systems were developed and measurements of remote targets and chemical surfaces were studied. The propagation through the atmosphere of the multi-wavelength backscattered LIBS and LITE optical spectrum with atmospheric absorption effects on the returned lidar signal was investigated. An enhanced model of the atmospheric effects on emission-based laser-remote sensing was developed and found to be consistent and in agreement with our experimental results. LITE measurements were performed which involved heating a remote hard target and recording the vibrational band emission spectra produced. Sample heating was carried out using a 1.5W cw-CO2 10.6 μm wavelength laser, and a 9W cw-diode laser operating at 809nm. The emission spectra over the wavelength range of 8 to 14 μm was observed which can be potentially used to detect and identify chemical composition of the target. LITE spectra of DMMP and DIMP (chemical agent simulants), paints, and energetic materials on various substrates were measured for the first time. A LIBS study was carried out with a 1.064 μm Nd:YAG laser (10 ns pulses, 50mJ per pulse) and remote LIBS measurements were performed for aluminum, copper, steel and plastics over the spectral range of 200 – 1000nm. LIBS measurements as a function of range were studied, and compared to a modified lidar equation suitable for emission based lidar remote sensing. A computer simulation model was developed for emission-based LIDAR remote sensing such as LIBS and LITE. This involved the development and modification of atmospheric transmission modeling programs which use the HITRAN, PNNL and other atmospheric spectral databases to model the transmission of the atmosphere over a wide range of wavelengths from the deep-UV near 200 nm to the mid-IR near 14 microns. A comparison of HITRAN simulations with the PNNL database calculated spectra was carried out and used for the first time for improvements of the HITRAN database line intensities. In addition, a Principal Component Analysis (PCA) of the LIBS and LITE lidar return signal as a function of range was performed. This PCA analysis showed, for the first time, the degradation of the chemical selectivity (i.e. identification capability) of the emission lidar system as the range was increased and the effect of atmospheric absorption spectral lines on the propagated LIBS and LITE lidar multi-wavelength spectral signal.
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Guthrey, Delparde Raleigh. "Time series analysis of ozone data." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1998. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1788.

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Tchana, betnga Wilfried. "Développement d'instrumentation pour une spectroscopie simultanée THz et IR : application à l'équilibre de HONO." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Paris Cité, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023UNIP7134.

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La mesure des concentrations d'espèces traces, susceptibles d'avoir un impact notable sur la santé, le climat ou la stabilité de la couche d'ozone constitue un véritable défi. Les prochaines missions spatiales, prévues à haute sensibilité (FORUM et IASI-NG), apporteront un progrès seulement si les paramètres spectraux nécessaires sont disponibles. Pour certaines espèces réactives, telles que l'acide nitreux (HONO) et l'acide hypobromeux (HOBr), les données spectroscopiques sont incomplètes ou quasiment inexistantes. Le défi dans cette thèse consiste à obtenir des paramètres spectroscopiques quantitatifs pour ces espèces. Pour atteindre cet objectif, un dispositif instrumental novateur impliquant l'utilisation simultanée de deux instruments, une expérience IR/THz, a été construit : une cellule thermostatée (200-350K) conçue en matériaux inertes, verre et téflon, est combinée à un spectromètre THz dans la région 0.1-1.1 THz et un spectromètre à Transformée de Fourier (FTS) à haute résolution (HR) dans le domaine IR. Le spectromètre THz permet de sélectionner plusieurs raies purement rotationnelles de la molécule cible pour la détermination de la pression partielle et le FTS la mesure simultanée du spectre rovibrationnel dans une fenêtre atmosphérique IR utilisable pour la quantification de l'espèce d'intérêt. La stratégie s'appuie donc sur le fait que les intensités des raies de rotation pure dépendent uniquement du moment dipolaire moléculaire, qui est connu avec précision à partir de mesures existantes par effet Stark. Dans le cas de HONO qui n'existe au laboratoire que sous la forme d'un équilibre avec H2O, NO et NO2, la méconnaissance de la pression partielle dans le mélange gazeux entraîne de sérieuses difficultés pour effectuer des mesures quantitatives. De plus, HONO possède deux formes isomériques et la hauteur de la barrière d'isomérisation entre le cis- et le trans-HONO DeltaCis-Trans est encore mal connue, ce qui affecte les positions et surtout les intensités de raies. Pour obtenir une valeur plus précise de cette barrière, des spectres ont été enregistrés à HR dans la gamme 50 - 200 cm-1, à 3 températures (240, 270 et 296 K), en utilisant le rayonnement synchrotron de la ligne AILES à SOLEIL. Des modélisations précises ont été effectuées et ont permis de déterminer la hauteur de la barrière DeltaCis-Trans = 95.8 ± 9.2 cm-1. Notre valeur est en bon accord avec la détermination précédente de Sironneau et al. (99 ± 25 cm-1) mais nous avons amélioré la précision d'un facteur 2.6. Nous avons utilisé cette nouvelle valeur de DeltaCis-Trans et les paramètres du moment dipolaire pour un calcul du spectre synthétique. Une liste de raies précise dans la région de l'IR lointain (0 - 200 cm-1) incluant les positions et intensités absolues a été compilée et s'est avérée plus robuste pour une meilleure détection de HONO dans les objets astrophysiques. Pour la détermination des intensités absolues dans la région IR moyen où HONO est actuellement détectée, des spectres simultanés IR/THz ont été enregistrés au LISA en utilisant l'instrumentation innovante développée durant cette thèse. Une première modélisation de ces spectres est présentée dans cette thèse et in fine, il en découlera une liste de raies pour HONO dans la région 730 - 920 cm-1 qui sera fourni à la communauté scientifique via les bases de données HITRAN et GEISA et exploitée dans l'analyse des observations satellitaires. Concernant HOBr, l'objectif sera de compiler une base de données spectroscopiques dans l'IR vers 8.6 um qui sera utilisée par IASI-NG et FORUM pour une détection et quantification dans l'atmosphère terrestre. Notons que HOBr joue un rôle important dans la chimie atmosphérique et n'existe au laboratoire que dans un mélange caractérisé par l'équilibre chimique : H2O + Br2O = 2(HOBr). La méthodologie et les outils expérimentaux développés durant cette thèse sont un atout pour la mise en oeuvre de ce projet qui, constitue les perspectives de ce travail
Measuring trace gases having a notable impact on human health, climate and the stability of the ozone layer constitutes an extremely important challenge. In the coming years, new, higher sensitivity satellite instruments will improve atmospheric sounding only if the necessary spectral parameters are available. For some species of atmospheric interest such as nitrous acid (HONO) and hypobromous acid (HOBr), spectroscopic data are incomplete or almost non-existent. The challenge in this thesis is to get quantitative spectroscopic parameters for these species. To achieve this objective, an innovative instrumental set-up involving the simultaneous use of two instruments, an IR/THz dual beam experiment, has been built: a thermostatically controlled cell (200-350K) made of inert materials, glass and Teflon, capable of accommodating a 0.1-1.1 THz spectrometer and coupled to a high resolution (HR) Fourier Transform spectrometer (FTS) in the IR range. The THz spectrometer allows to select rotational lines of the target molecule for partial pressure determination, and the FTS enables simultaneous measurement of the rovibrational spectrum in an IR atmospheric window for quantification of the species of interest. The adopted strategy relies on the fact that the intensities of the rotational spectra simply depend on the permanent dipole moment of the molecule of interest, determined with high accuracy from Stark effect measurements. In the case of HONO, which only exists in laboratory conditions in the form of an equilibrium mixture with other species like H2O, NO and NO2, the lack of knowledge of the partial pressure in the gas mixture leads to serious difficulties for quantitative measurements. In addition, HONO exists in two conformer forms, and the height of the conformer barrier between cis- and trans-HONO DeltaCis-Trans is still poorly known, which affects lines positions and especially lines intensities. To improve the determination of the energy difference between the ground vibrational state of the cis- and trans-HONO conformers of HONO, high resolution spectra were recorded in the 50-200 cm-1 spectral region at three different temperatures (240, 270 and 296 K), using the synchrotron radiation of the AILES beamline at SOLEIL. Precise modelling has been performed and were used to determine the height of the conformer barrier DeltaCis-Trans = 95.8 ± 9.2 cm-1. Our value is in good agreement with the previous determination by Sironneau et al (99 ± 25 cm-1), but we have improved the accuracy of this determination by a factor of 2.6. We used this new value of DeltaCis-Trans and the dipole moment parameters for a synthetic spectrum calculation. A precise line list in the far-IR region (0 - 200 cm-1), including positions and absolute lines intensities was generated and, proved to be more robust for an improved detection of HONO in astrophysical objects. To determine absolute intensities in the mid-IR region where HONO is currently detected, simultaneous IR/THz spectra were recorded at LISA using innovative instrumentation developed during this thesis. A first modelling of these spectra is presented in this thesis, and in fine will lead to a much more precise line list for HONO in the 730 - 920 cm-1 region, which will be provided to the scientific community via the HITRAN and GEISA databases and used in the analysis of satellite observations. Regarding HOBr, the aim will be to generate a spectroscopic database in the IR region around 8.6 um, to be used by IASI-NG and FORUM for detection and quantification in the Earth's atmosphere. HOBr plays an important role in atmospheric chemistry and, only exists in laboratory conditions in a mixture characterized by chemical equilibrium: H2O + Br2O = 2(HOBr). The methodology and experimental tools developed during this thesis will be an advantage for implementation of this project, which constitutes the outlook for this work
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Riter, Dan. "Development of a learning management system for UCAR-COMET." [Denver, Colo.] : Regis University, 2006. http://165.236.235.140/lib/DRiterPartI2006.pdf.

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Evans, Candice Urban. "delta(18)oxygen of atmospheric carbon dioxide: Towards the development of an artifact free database from the NOAA/ESRL Carbon Cycle cooperative global air sampling network." Connect to online resource, 2008. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:1455159.

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Purificação, Ana Carolina Rodrigues da. "Caracterização meteorológica em Alqueva: tratamento e análise de dados." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/27846.

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A albufeira de Alqueva alterou significativamente a paisagem da região e tem impactos no clima ainda pouco documentados. A albufeira, localizada no rio Guadiana, com uma área de 250 quilómetros quadrados, é um grande laboratório natural para o estudo da interacção entre lagos e a atmosfera e foi objecto de estudo no âmbito do projecto ALOP (ALentejo: sistemas de Observação e Previsão). Nesta dissertação, tratamos e analisamos séries de dados das variáveis meteorológicas recolhidas em estações meteorológicas instaladas tanto em Alqueva, numa plataforma flutuante sobre o reservatório e nas margens, como na área circundante no período entre Maio de 2017 e Abril de 2019. Os resultados mostram algumas diferenças notáveis neste período de estudo, entre a estação sobre o lago e as outras estações da região, que se acentuam à medida que a distância ao lago é maior; Abstract: Meteorological characterization in Alqueva: Data processing and analysis. The Alqueva reservoir has significantly changed the landscape of the region and has impacts on the climate that are still poorly documented. The reservoir, located on the Guadiana River, with an area of 250 square kilometres, is a large natural laboratory for the study of the interaction between lakes and the atmosphere and has been studied in the framework of the ALOP (ALentejo: Observation and Forecasting systems) project. In this work we treat and analyse data-series of weather variables collected in meteorological stations installed in Alqueva, on a floating platform over the reservoir and in its shores, and in its surrounding area in the period between May 2017 and April 2019. The results show some exceptional differences during this study period, between the station over the lake and the others in the region, that increase as the distance to the lake increases.
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SANO, PAOLO. "The Cloud dynamics and radiation database (CDRD) approach for precipitation retrieval by means of satellite based microwave radiometry." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Roma "Tor Vergata", 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2108/1329.

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Questa tesi affronta alcuni aspetti della stima delle precipitazioni attraverso misure a microonde effettuate da satellite. Sebbene le tecniche di telerilevamento con radiometri a microonde per la stima delle precipitazioni si siano sviluppate notevolmente negli ultimi anni, ulteriori sviluppi sono apparsi necessari ed alcuni aspetti di queste tecniche costituiscono temi di ricerca attualmente in corso. L’attività svolta in questa tesi ha riguardato, in primo luogo, la costruzione e lo sviluppo dell’algoritmo BAMPR (Bayesian Algorithm for Microwave-based Precipitation Retrieval), basato sulla teoria di Bayes, per la stima della precipitazione attraverso l’elaborazione dei dati (temperature di brillanza) forniti dai radiometri SSM/I, SSMIS e AMSR-E. La prima parte della tesi descrive l’algoritmo completo realizzato, richiamando la teoria di Bayes e descrivendo anche le tecniche di “screening” utilizzate per il corretto trattamento dei dati dei vari “pixel”. Particolare attenzione è stata data inoltre alla descrizione della base di dati usata (CRD - Cloud Radiation Database) e ai test effettuati su di essa. La seconda parte dell’attività ha riguardato l’introduzione, nella procedura di stima della precipitazione, di variabili dinamiche e termodinamiche (“dynamical tags”) da associare alle temperature di brillanza (Cloud Dynamics and Radiation Database (CDRD) approach). Questo sviluppo dell’algoritmo è mirato alla riduzione dei problemi di “ambiguità” (o “non unicità”) che rappresentano attualmente un grave limite della metodologia di stima. I risultati ottenuti con il “nuovo” BAMPR, con l’introduzione delle variabili dinamiche e termodinamiche, in due applicazioni a perturbazioni meteorologiche verificatesi sul Lazio, sono descritti nella seconda parte della tesi. In tale parte è infine presentato un confronto della nuova metodologia sviluppata con le prestazioni dell’algoritmo NESDIS (NOAA).
In this thesis we have investigated some important issues regarding the retrieval of precipitation from satellite-based microwave measurements. Although microwave radiometry retrieval techniques for the estimation of rainfall have advanced considerably over the past years, further developments are still necessary and some aspects of these techniques are currently being investigated in research activities. The activity we have carried out in this thesis concerned first the implementation and the development of the complete BAMPR (Bayesian Algorithm for Microwave-based Precipitation Retrieval) algorithm, based on the Bayesian estimation theory, for the SSM/I, SSMIS and AMSR-E data (brightness temperatures) processing. The complete algorithm is described in the first part of the thesis, together with the screening procedures we have selected for the correct processing of pixels. The characteristics of the database used (Cloud Radiation Database), and some tests we have performed on it are also presented. The activity was then focused on the introduction of the “dynamical tags” in the retrieval procedure of BAMPR, to be combined with brightness temperatures (Cloud Dynamics and Radiation Database (CDRD) approach). This development we have carried out on the algorithm is aimed at reducing the “ambiguity” or the “non-uniqueness” of the database that is a severe limit for retrieval methodology. The results obtained with the “new” BAMPR algorithm, using three “dynamical tags”, in two case studies over Lazio, are described in the second part of the thesis. A comparison between the “new” BAMPR algorithm and the operational algorithm NESDIS of NOAA is also presented.
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Blazek, Thomas R. "Analysis of a great basin cyclone and attendant mesoscale features." Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio : Department of the Air Force, 2000. http://stinet.dtic.mil/cgi-bin/fulcrum%5Fmain.pl?database=ft%5Fu2&searchid=0&keyfieldvalue=ADA379819&filename=%2Ffulcrum%2Fdata%2FTR%5Ffulltext%2Fdoc%2FADA379819.pdf.

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Luo, Siqi. "Atmospheric pressure laser initiated and radiofrequency sustained plasmas." 2007. http://www.library.wisc.edu/databases/connect/dissertations.html.

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Li, Zhenglong. "Improvements and applications of atmospheric soundings from geostationary platform /." 2009. http://www.library.wisc.edu/databases/connect/dissertations.html.

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Books on the topic "Atmospheric databases"

1

Steele, L. Paul. Atmospheric methane concentrations: The NOAA/CMDL Global Cooperative Flask Sampling Network, 1983-1988. Oak Ridge, Tenn: Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1991.

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Don, Scott A., and Langley Research Center, eds. Compendium of NASA data base for the Global Troposheric Experiment's Pacific Exploratory Mission West-B (PEM West-B). Hampton, Va: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Langley Research Center, 1995.

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Lester, Peter F. An investigation of turbulence incidents: Final report. San Jose, CA: Dept. of Meteorology, San Jose State University, 1996.

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Don, Scott A., and Langley Research Center, eds. Compendium of NASA data base for the global tropospheric experiment's arctic boundary layer experiments ABLE-3A and ABLE-3B. Hampton, Va: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Langley Research Center, 1994.

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Janowiak, John E. A gridded data base of daily temperature maxima and minima for the conterminous United States, 1948-1993. [Washington, D.C.]: U.S. Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Weather Service, 1999.

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D, Bell Gerald, Chelliah Muthuvel, and United States. National Weather Service, eds. A gridded data base of daily temperature maxima and minima for the conterminous United States, 1948-1993. [Silver Spring, Md.?]: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Weather Service, 1999.

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Center, Langley Research, ed. Jet aircraft engine emissions database development: 1992 military, charter, and nonscheduled traffic. Hampton, Va: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Langley Research Center, 1995.

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Don, Scott A., and Langley Research Center, eds. Compendium of NASA data base for the Global Tropospheric Experiment's Transport and Atmospheric Chemistry near the Equator - Atlantic (Trace-A). Hampton, Va: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Langley Research Center, 1995.

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Leemans, Rik. The IIASA database for mean monthly values of temperature, precipitation, and cloudiness on a global terrestrial grid. Laxenburg, Austria: International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, 1991.

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A, Jasinski Rachel, and Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center., eds. Final shuttle-derived atmospheric database: Development and results from thirty-two flights. Houston, TX: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, 1990.

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Book chapters on the topic "Atmospheric databases"

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Muntz, Richard, Eddie Shek, and Carlo Zaniolo. "Using LDL++ for Spatio-Temporal Reasoning in Atmospheric Science Databases." In Applications of Logic Databases, 101–19. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2207-2_5.

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Perrin, Agnès. "Review on the Existing Spectroscopic Databases for Atmospheric Applications." In Spectroscopy from Space, 235–58. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0832-7_15.

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Olivier, J. G. J., A. F. Bouwman, C. W. M. van der Maas, and J. J. M. Berdowski. "Emission Database for Global Atmospheric Research (EDGAR)." In Non-CO2 Greenhouse Gases: Why and How to Control?, 93–106. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0982-6_8.

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Ricaud, Philippe, Robert Delmas, Francoise Girod, Thierry Phulpin, and Cathy Boonne. "The Atmospheric Chemistry Ether Group: Expertise and Database." In Remote Sensing of the Atmosphere for Environmental Security, 317–27. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-5090-9_20.

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Wang, Rong. "Development of a High-Resolution Fuel Consumptions Database." In Global Emission Inventory and Atmospheric Transport of Black Carbon, 69–85. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-46479-3_4.

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Samaras, Z., T. Zachariadis, T. Holtmann, O. Rentz, and K. H. Zierock. "A methodology and a database for forecasting anthropogenic atmospheric emissions in Europe." In Produktion und Umwelt, 53–68. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-17036-2_6.

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Ai, Duong Huu, Ha Duyen Trung, and Do Trong Tuan. "Pointing Error Effects on Performance of Amplify-and-Forward Relaying MIMO/FSO Systems Using SC-QAM Signals Over Log-Normal Atmospheric Turbulence Channels." In Intelligent Information and Database Systems, 607–19. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-49390-8_59.

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Zhang, Jinzhan, Guanghong Gong, Jiangyun Wang, and Dongdong Gao. "Research on Run-Time Atmosphere Environment Database Based on Berkeley DB." In Communications in Computer and Information Science, 135–43. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-34396-4_16.

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Lebègue, P., V. Fèvre Nollet, M. Mendez, and L. Declerck. "Modelisation of Atmospheric Pollutant Emissions over the French Northern Region Using Database Management System." In Advances in Intelligent and Soft Computing, 297–302. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-28314-7_40.

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Cinquepalmi, Federico, and Giuseppe Piras. "Earth Observation Technologies for Mitigating Urban Climate Changes." In The Urban Book Series, 589–600. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-29515-7_53.

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AbstractSince 2010 United Nations declared that for the first time in history up to 50% of mankind is living in urban areas, implying that challenges connected with global changes need to be evaluated primarily within urban systems, using the most advanced available technologies. Earth observation is nowadays the most promising field of research assisting urban planners, city managers, and building designers in their work of improving urban resilience to cope with climate change effects, and the long-term changes connected with extreme climatic events. Even though the deep understanding of the functioning of urban systems is a key factor for improving the quality of life at all levels, urban development is still poorly monitored globally, and reliable and comparable satellite urban data across countries is still limited, slowing down international comparative research. The Copernicus UE programme, replacing the Global Monitoring for Environment and Security (GMES) programme, recognizes the strategic importance of Earth observation for emergency management. Copernicus programme provides global, continuous, autonomous, high quality, wide-area Earth and Atmosphere observation. Copernicus links Space observations to ground-based and atmospheric data collection and processing, providing operational services in the fields of environment, ground infrastructures, civil protection, and security, supporting the implementation of a large number of sectorial and transversal public policies. Of the six thematic macro-areas of the present programme observation and ground monitoring of the European urban systems lies in the first thematic area of the land monitoring service. The enormous and continuous data generation from the Copernicus programme is allowing the construction of an accurate and up-to-date database to the state of health of our cities and surrounding environments, providing research materials simply inconceivable only a few decades ago.
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Conference papers on the topic "Atmospheric databases"

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Smith, Mary Ann H. "Contributions of Fourier Transform Spectroscopy to Molecular Databases." In High Resolution Fourier Transform Spectroscopy. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/hrfts.1992.thc1.

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The two molecular spectroscopic databases most widely used in terrestrial atmospheric studies, HITRAN (1) and GEISA (2), have recently released updates which contain extensive revisions of the parameters for many key species. Many of the measurements which contributed to these updates were performed using high-resolution Fourier transform spectrometers. In this paper the updates and revisions to the databases will be summarized, and examples of spectroscopic measurements incorporated in the database updates will be presented. Recent efforts to critically evaluate the spectroscopic databases to meet atmospheric remote sensing requirements will also be reviewed.
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Chesnokova, Tatyana Y., Konstantin M. Firsov, and Elena A. Aseeva. "Modern spectroscopic databases in the longwave radiative transfer problems in the Earth’s atmosphere." In XXIX International Symposium "Atmospheric and Ocean Optics, Atmospheric Physics", edited by Oleg A. Romanovskii. SPIE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2690422.

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Wilcox, William E., and Dennis K. Killinger. "Wavelength Tunable LIDAR and DIAL Computer Simulations." In Optical Remote Sensing of the Atmosphere. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/orsa.1997.othb.4.

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A Lidar simulation computer program and associated atmospheric spectral databases have been developed which simulate the laser remote sensing of the atmosphere and the system performance of a direct-detection Lidar or tunable Differential Absorption Lidar (DIAL) system. This simulation program allows the use of several large atmospheric spectral databases (HITRAN, BACKSCAT) to be coupled with Lidar parameters to provide a real-time and interactive design tool for atmospheric Lidar simulation and modeling. The overall program, LIDAR-PC, can be used for a range of different Lidar simulations and these results compared to experimental Lidar data to determine the range-resolved attenuation coefficient of the atmosphere and the effect of the telescope overlap factor. The software and databases operate on an IBM-PC or compatible computer platform (Windows or Windows 95 Operating System).
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Kundas, S., A. Kuzmenkov, E. Lugscheider, and U. Eritt. "Integrated Simulation of the Atmospheric Plasma Spraying Process." In ITSC 1998, edited by Christian Coddet. ASM International, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.itsc1998p0425.

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Abstract The main purpose of this work is the development of mathematical and computer models for the integrated simulation of all stages of the atmospheric plasma spraying process (APS) with temperature dependent thermophysical and mechanical properties of the used materials and gases and experimental verification of the simulated results. The following mathematical models of APS were created: particle heating and movement in the plasma jet; coating structure formation; heat transfer and residual stresses in the coating-substrate system. The computer realization of these models enables us to model all stages of APS (integrated or separately). Databases of coating, substrate and plasma-gas substances include the temperature dependent properties. The model of APS is divided in 3 parts, which are connected by continuous data interface. Two dimensional approximation of plasma-gas velocity and temperature in the free plasma jet was used for computation of particle velocity, trajectory and temperature. This information was created with a special Graphic program module and included in database. Computer experiments for plasma spraying of Ah03 and ZrO2+8%Y2O3 in Ar/H2 plasma were carried out. The experimental verification of developed models with High-Velocity-Pyrometry (HVP) and Laser-Doppler-Anemometry (LDA) have shown the satisfactory precision of simulated results.
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Mahalov, Alex, Basil Nicolaenko, and H. J. S. Fernando. "Development and verification of experimental databases for pancake structures in atmospheric flows." In Aerospace/Defense Sensing and Controls, edited by Todd D. Steiner and Paul H. Merritt. SPIE, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.323945.

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Fiorino, Steven, Benjamin Rinaldi, Kevin Keefer, and Jack McCrae. "Techniques to Quantify Ambient Aerosol Optical Properties from Measurements of Extinction and Scattering." In Propagation Through and Characterization of Atmospheric and Oceanic Phenomena. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/pcaop.2022.pw1f.3.

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In this paper we describe methods to obtain bulk aerosol real and imaginary refractive index (RI) components from measurements of scattering and absorption. Results suggest existing databases of aerosol RI may be reasonable first estimates.
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Zhang, Hongmei, and Michael F. Modest. "Multi-Group Full-Spectrum k-Distribution Database for Water Vapor Mixtures in Radiative Transfer Calculations." In ASME 2003 Heat Transfer Summer Conference. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ht2003-47321.

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A thorough investigation of the absorption coefficient dependence on temperature and pressure has been performed for water vapor and a 32-group database has been assembled for H2O mixtures at atmospheric pressure, based on the Multi-Group Full-Spectrum Correlated k-distribution model. The method is fully scalable, i.e., spectral groups from the database can be combined to obtain coarser group models (N = 1, 2, 4, …) for greater numerical efficiency (accompanied by slight loss in accuracy). The databases for CO2 and H2O, together with the random-overlap mixture model have been used to simulate a practical combustion problem.
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Austin, Daniel E., Kenneth C. Hepfer, and Marilyn R. Rudzinsky. "NSWCDD weather databases and their use in prediction of atmospheric transmission in the infrared." In SPIE's 1995 International Symposium on Optical Science, Engineering, and Instrumentation, edited by Bjorn F. Andresen and Marija Strojnik. SPIE, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.218224.

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Martin-Pomares, L., Jesus Polo, Daniel Perez-Astudillo, and Dunia A. Bachour. "Assessment of Daily Atmospheric Turbidity Databases Using Aerosol Optical Depth and Direct Normal Irradiance Measurements." In ISES Solar World Congress 2015. Freiburg, Germany: International Solar Energy Society, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18086/swc.2015.07.16.

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Sasa, Kenji, Takuya Fujimatsu, Chen Chen, and Ruri Shoji. "Estimation and Comparison of Accuracy in Various Data Resolutions on Optimal Ship Routing Across the North Pacific Ocean." In ASME 2019 38th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2019-95173.

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Abstract The amount of maritime cargo has been increasing for several decades. However, most seafarers have been shifting from lifetime employment to temporary employment. This may result in the ships lacking the adept techniques of seafarers, which significantly increases the reliance and importance of operational support systems. There are many studies on optimal ship routing, but its accuracy has not been discussed sufficiently. Especially, the grid point value on the weather database is the most important factor to discuss regarding its accuracy. In the field of meteorology, these databases have been improved to include global data in recent decades. In this study, the simulation results are compared to know the influence to the accuracy if the spatial and time resolutions vary in each condition. Optimal ship routing is computed using the isochrone method, which is one of the major methods of route analysis. Numerical simulations are conducted for a container ship between Tokyo and Los Angeles, with the weather databases of National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). It is known that there are no significant differences between each resolution setting. However, the optimal voyage routes are different if the ship avoids high waves or strong winds in any direction. The accuracy is more influenced by the maneuverability in rough seas than the spatial and time resolutions of the weather databases. Accordingly, optimal ship routing must consider the actual maneuvering and speed loss theories, besides the development of a meteorological database.
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Reports on the topic "Atmospheric databases"

1

Austin, Daniel E., Kenneth C. Hepfer, and Marilyn R. Rudzinsky. Use of the NSWCDD Weather Databases for Prediction of Atmospheric Transmission in Common Thermal Imaging Sensor Bands. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada307755.

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Burtis, M. D. Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center and World Data Center-A for Atmospheric Trace Gases catalog of databases and reports. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/638179.

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Voss, Hank D., and Natalie A. Ramm. High-Altitude Balloon Atmospheric Database. Ames (Iowa): Iowa State University. Library. Digital Press, January 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/ahac.8346.

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Murphy, C. E. Jr, and G. R. Wortham. An atmospheric tritium release database for model comparisons. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/554137.

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Murphy, C. E. Jr, and G. R. Wortham. An atmospheric tritium release database for model comparisons. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10160761.

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Murphy, C. E. Jr, and G. R. Wortham. An atmospheric tritium release database for model comparisons. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/7279705.

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Curtis, P. S., R. M. Cushman, and A. L. Brenkert. A Database of Woody Vegetation Responses to Elevated Atmospheric CO2. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/14109.

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Murphy, C. E. Jr, and G. R. Wortham. An atmospheric tritium release database for model comparisons. Revision 1. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/61122.

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Jones, M. H. A Database of Herbaceous Vegetation Responses to Elevated Atmospheric CO{sub 2}. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/814034.

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Ley, Matt, Tom Baldvins, David Jones, Hanna Pilkington, and Kelly Anderson. Vegetation classification and mapping: Gulf Islands National Seashore. National Park Service, May 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2299028.

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The Gulf Islands National Seashore (GUIS) vegetation inventory project classified and mapped vegetation on park-owned lands within the administrative boundary and estimated thematic map accuracy quantitatively. The project began in June 2016. National Park Service (NPS) Vegetation Mapping Inventory Program provided technical guidance. The overall process included initial planning and scoping, imagery procurement, field data collection, data analysis, imagery interpretation/classification, accuracy assessment (AA), and report writing and database development. Initial planning and scoping meetings took place during May, 2016 in Ocean Springs, Mississippi where representatives gathered from GUIS, the NPS Gulf Coast Inventory and Monitoring Network, and Colorado State University. Primary imagery used for interpretation was 4-band (RGB and CIR) orthoimages from 2014 and 2016 with resolutions of 15 centimeters (cm) (Florida only) and 30 cm. Supplemental imagery with varying coverage across the study area included National Aerial Imagery Program 50 cm imagery for Mississippi (2016) and Florida (2017), 15 and 30 cm true color Digital Earth Model imagery for Mississippi (2016 and 2017), and current and historical true-color Google Earth and Bing Map imagery. National Oceanic Atmospheric Administration National Geodetic Survey 30 cm true color imagery from 2017 (post Hurricane Nate) supported remapping the Mississippi barrier islands after Hurricane Nate. The preliminary vegetation classification included 59 United States National Vegetation Classification (USNVC) associations. Existing vegetation and mapping data combined with vegetation plot data contributed to the final vegetation classification. Quantitative classification using hierarchical clustering and professional expertise was supported by vegetation data collected from 250 plots in 2016 and 29 plots in 2017 and 2018, as well as other observational data. The final vegetation classification includes 39 USNVC associations and 5 park special types; 18 forest and woodland, 7 shrubland, 17 herbaceous, and 2 sparse vegetation types were identified. The final GUIS map consists of 38 map classes. Land cover classes include four types: non-vegetated barren land / borrow pit, developed open space, developed low – high intensity, and water/ocean. Of the 34 vegetation map classes, 26 represent a single USNVC association/park special, six map classes contain two USNVC associations/park specials, and two map classes contain three USNVC associations/park specials. Forest and woodland associations had an abundance of sand pine (Pinus clausa), slash pine (Pinus elliottii), sand live oak (Quercus geminata), yaupon (Ilex vomitoria), wax myrtle (Morella cerifera), and saw palmetto (Serenoa repens). Shrubland associations supported dominant species such as eastern baccharis (Baccharis halimifolia), yaupon (Ilex vomitoria), wax myrtle (Morella cerifera), saw palmetto (Serenoa repens), and sand live oak (Quercus geminata). Herbaceous associations commonly included camphorweed (Heterotheca subaxillaris), needlegrass rush (Juncus roemerianus), bitter seabeach grass (Panicum amarum var. amarum), gulf bluestem (Schizachyrium maritimum), saltmeadow cordgrass (Spartina patens), and sea oats (Uniola paniculata). The final GUIS vegetation map consists of 1,268 polygons totaling 35,769.0 hectares (ha) or 88,387.2 acres (ac). Mean polygon size excluding water is 3.6 ha (8.9 ac). The most abundant land cover class is open water/ocean which accounts for approximately 31,437.7 ha (77,684.2 ac) or 87.9% of the total mapped area. Natural and ruderal vegetation consists of 4,176.8 ha (10,321.1 ac) or 11.6% of the total area. Within the natural and ruderal vegetation types, herbaceous types are the most extensive with 1945.1 ha (4,806.4 ac) or 46.5%, followed by forest and woodland types with 804.9 ha (1,989.0 ac) or 19.3%, sparse vegetation types with 726.9 ha (1,796.1 ac) or 17.4%, and shrubland types with 699.9 ha (1,729.5 ac) or 16.8%. Developed open space, which can include a matrix of roads, parking lots, park-like areas and campgrounds account for 153.8 ha (380.0 ac) or 0.43% of the total mapped area. Artificially non-vegetated barren land is rare and only accounts for 0.74 ha (1.82 ac) or 0.002% of the total area. We collected 701 AA samples to evaluate the thematic accuracy of the vegetation map. Final thematic accuracy, as a simple proportion of correct versus incorrect field calls, is 93.0%. Overall weighted map class accuracy is 93.6%, where the area of each map class was weighted in proportion to the percentage of total park area. This method provides more weight to larger map classes in the park. Each map class had an individual thematic accuracy goal of at least 80%. The hurricane impact area map class was the only class that fell below this target with an accuracy of 73.5%. The vegetation communities impacted by the hurricane are highly dynamic and regenerated quickly following the disturbance event, contributing to map class disagreement during the accuracy assessment phase. No other map classes fell below the 80% accuracy threshold. In addition to the vegetation polygon database and map, several products to support park resource management are provided including the vegetation classification, field key to the associations, local association descriptions, photographic database, project geodatabase, ArcGIS .mxd files for map posters, and aerial imagery acquired for the project. The project geodatabase links the spatial vegetation data layer to vegetation classification, plot photos, project boundary extent, AA points, and the PLOTS database. The geodatabase includes USNVC hierarchy tables allowing for spatial queries of data associated with a vegetation polygon or sample point. All geospatial products are projected using North American Datum 1983 (NAD83) in Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) Zone 16 N. The final report includes methods and results, contingency tables showing AA results, field forms, species list, and a guide to imagery interpretation. These products provide useful information to assist with management of park resources and inform future management decisions. Use of standard national vegetation classification and mapping protocols facilitates effective resource stewardship by ensuring the compatibility and widespread use throughout the NPS as well as other federal and state agencies. Products support a wide variety of resource assessments, park management and planning needs. Associated information provides a structure for framing and answering critical scientific questions about vegetation communities and their relationship to environmental processes across the landscape.
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