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Academic literature on the topic 'Atmospheric cells of circulation'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Atmospheric cells of circulation"

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Döös, Kristofer, Joakim Kjellsson, Jan Zika, Frédéric Laliberté, Laurent Brodeau, and Aitor Aldama Campino. "The Coupled Ocean–Atmosphere Hydrothermohaline Circulation." Journal of Climate 30, no. 2 (January 2017): 631–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-15-0759.1.

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The thermohaline circulation of the ocean is compared to the hydrothermal circulation of the atmosphere. The oceanic thermohaline circulation is expressed in potential temperature–absolute salinity space and comprises a tropical cell, a conveyor belt cell, and a polar cell, whereas the atmospheric hydrothermal circulation is expressed in potential temperature–specific humidity space and unifies the tropical Hadley and Walker cells as well as the midlatitude eddies into a single, global circulation. The oceanic thermohaline streamfunction makes it possible to analyze and quantify the entire World Ocean conversion rate between cold–warm and fresh–saline waters in one single representation. Its atmospheric analog, the hydrothermal streamfunction, instead captures the conversion rate between cold–warm and dry–humid air in one single representation. It is shown that the ocean thermohaline and the atmospheric hydrothermal cells are connected by the exchange of heat and freshwater through the sea surface. The two circulations are compared on the same diagram by scaling the axes such that the latent heat energy required to move an air parcel on the moisture axis is equivalent to that needed to move a water parcel on the salinity axis. Such a comparison leads the authors to propose that the Clausius–Clapeyron relationship guides both the moist branch of the atmospheric hydrothermal circulation and the warming branches of the tropical and conveyor belt cells of the oceanic thermohaline circulation.
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Gastineau, Guillaume, Laurent Li, and Hervé Le Treut. "Some Atmospheric Processes Governing the Large-Scale Tropical Circulation in Idealized Aquaplanet Simulations." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 68, no. 3 (March 1, 2011): 553–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2010jas3439.1.

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Abstract The large-scale tropical atmospheric circulation is analyzed in idealized aquaplanet simulations using an atmospheric general circulation model. Idealized sea surface temperatures (SSTs) are used as lower-boundary conditions to provoke modifications of the atmospheric general circulation. Results show that 1) an increase in the meridional SST gradients of the tropical region drastically strengthens the Hadley circulation intensity, 2) the presence of equatorial zonal SST anomalies weakens the Hadley cells and reinforces the Walker circulation, and 3) a uniform SST warming causes small and nonsystematic changes of the Hadley and Walker circulations. In all simulations, the jet streams strengthen and move equatorward as the Hadley cells strengthen and become narrower. Some relevant mechanisms are then proposed to interpret the large range of behaviors obtained from the simulations. First, the zonal momentum transport by transient and stationary eddies is shown to modulate the eddy-driven jets, which causes the poleward displacements of the jet streams. Second, it is found that the Hadley circulation adjusts to the changes of the poleward moist static energy flux and gross moist static stability, associated with the geographical distribution of convection and midlatitude eddies. The Walker circulation intensity corresponds to the zonal moist static energy transport induced by the zonal anomalies of the turbulent fluxes and radiative cooling. These experiments provide some hints to understand a few robust changes of the atmospheric circulation simulated by ocean–atmosphere coupled models for future and past climates.
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Schmidt, Jerome M., Piotr J. Flatau, and Robert D. Yates. "Convective Cells in Altocumulus Observed with a High-Resolution Radar." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 71, no. 6 (May 30, 2014): 2130–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-13-0172.1.

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Abstract Very-high-resolution Doppler radar observations are used together with aircraft measurements to document the dynamic and thermodynamic structure of a dissipating altocumulus cloud system associated with a deep virga layer. The cloud layer circulation is shown to consist of shallow vertical velocity couplets near cloud top and a series of subkilometer-scale Rayleigh–Bénard-like cells that extend vertically through the depth of the cloud layer. The subcloud layer was observed to contain a number of narrow virga fall streaks that developed below the more dominant Rayleigh–Bénard updraft circulations in the cloud layer. These features were discovered to be associated with kilometer-scale horizontally orientated rotor circulations that formed along the lateral flanks of the streaks collocated downdraft circulation. The Doppler analysis further reveals that a layer mean descent was present throughout both the cloud and subcloud layers. This characteristic of the circulation is analyzed with regard to the diabatic and radiative forcing on horizontal length scales ranging from the Rayleigh–Bénard circulations to the overall cloud layer width. In particular, linear analytical results indicate that a deep and broad mesoscale region of subsidence is quickly established in middle-level cloud layers of finite width when a layer-wide horizontal gradient in the cloud-top radiative cooling rate is present. A conceptual model summarizing the primary observed and inferred circulation features of the altocumulus layer is presented.
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Guo, Anboyu, John C. Moore, and Duoying Ji. "Tropical atmospheric circulation response to the G1 sunshade geoengineering radiative forcing experiment." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 18, no. 12 (June 20, 2018): 8689–706. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-8689-2018.

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Abstract. We investigate the multi-Earth system model response of the Walker circulation and Hadley circulations under the idealized solar radiation management scenario (G1) and under abrupt4xCO2. The Walker circulation multi-model ensemble mean shows changes in some regions but no significant change in intensity under G1, while it shows a 4∘ eastward movement and 1.9 × 109 kg s−1 intensity decrease in abrupt4xCO2. Variation in the Walker circulation intensity has the same high correlation with sea surface temperature gradient between the eastern and western Pacific under both G1 and abrupt4xCO2. The Hadley circulation shows significant differences in behavior between G1 and abrupt4xCO2, with intensity reductions in the seasonal maximum northern and southern cells under G1 correlated with equatorward motion of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ). Southern and northern cells have a significantly different response, especially under abrupt4xCO2 when impacts on the southern Ferrel cell are particularly clear. The southern cell is about 3 % stronger under abrupt4xCO2 in July, August and September than under piControl, while the northern is reduced by 2 % in January, February and March. Both circulations are reduced under G1. There are significant relationships between northern cell intensity and land temperatures, but not for the southern cell. Changes in the meridional temperature gradients account for changes in Hadley intensity better than changes in static stability in G1 and especially in abrupt4xCO2. The difference in the response of the zonal Walker circulation and the meridional Hadley circulations under the idealized forcings may be driven by the zonal symmetric relative cooling of the tropics under G1.
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Wang, Chunzai. "Atlantic Climate Variability and Its Associated Atmospheric Circulation Cells." Journal of Climate 15, no. 13 (July 2002): 1516–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/1520-0442(2002)015<1516:acvaia>2.0.co;2.

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Walker, Christopher C., and Tapio Schneider. "Eddy Influences on Hadley Circulations: Simulations with an Idealized GCM." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 63, no. 12 (December 2006): 3333–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas3821.1.

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An idealized GCM is used to investigate how the strength and meridional extent of the Hadley circulation depend on the planet radius, rotation rate, and thermal driving. Over wide parameter ranges, the strength and meridional extent of the Hadley circulation display clear scaling relations with regime transitions, which are not predicted by existing theories of axisymmetric Hadley circulations. For example, the scaling of the strength as a function of the radiative-equilibrium equator-to-pole temperature contrast exhibits a regime transition corresponding to a regime transition in scaling laws of baroclinic eddy fluxes. The scaling of the strength of the cross-equatorial Hadley cell as a function of the latitude of maximum radiative-equilibrium temperature exhibits a regime transition from a regime in which eddy momentum fluxes strongly influence the strength to a regime in which the influence of eddy momentum fluxes is weak. Over a wide range of flow parameters, albeit not always, the Hadley circulation strength is directly related to the eddy momentum flux divergence at the latitude of the streamfunction extremum. Simulations with hemispherically symmetric thermal driving span circulations with local Rossby numbers in the horizontal upper branch of the Hadley circulation between 0.1 and 0.8, indicating that neither nonlinear nearly inviscid theories, valid for Ro → 1, nor linear theories, valid for Ro → 0, of axisymmetric Hadley circulations can be expected to be generally adequate. Nonlinear theories of axisymmetric Hadley circulations may account for aspects of the circulation when the maximum radiative-equilibrium temperature is displaced sufficiently far away from the equator, which results in cross-equatorial Hadley cells with nearly angular momentum-conserving upper branches. The dependence of the Hadley circulation on eddy fluxes, which are themselves dependent on extratropical circulation characteristics such as meridional temperature gradients, suggests that tropical circulations depend on the extratropical climate.
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Mendonça, João M. "Angular momentum and heat transport on tidally locked hot Jupiter planets." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 491, no. 1 (November 4, 2019): 1456–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz3050.

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ABSTRACT The atmospheric circulation in the upper atmosphere of hot Jupiter planets is strongly influenced by the incoming stellar radiation. In this work, we explore the results from a 3D atmospheric model and revisit the main processes driving the circulation in hot Jupiter planets. We use the angular momentum transport as a diagnostic and carry out a Fourier analysis to identify the atmospheric waves involved. We find that the coupling between the angular momentum transported horizontally by the semidiurnal tide and the mean circulation is the mechanism responsible for producing the strong jet at low latitudes. Our simulations indicate the possible formation of atmospheric indirect cells at low latitudes. The formation of these cells is induced by the presence of the semidiurnal tide that is driven by the stellar irradiation. The tropical circulation has an important impact transporting heat and momentum from the upper towards the lower atmosphere. One of the consequences of this heat and momentum transport is a global increase of the temperature. We show that the initial conditions do not affect the output of the reference simulation. However, when the period of rotation of the planet was increased (Prot > 5 Earth days), vertical transport by stationary waves became stronger, transient waves became non-negligible, and Coriolis influence less dominant, which allowed a steady state with a strong retrograde jet to be stable. We found that at least two statically steady state solutions exist for the same planet parameters.
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Wang, Chunzai. "Atmospheric Circulation Cells Associated with the El Niño–Southern Oscillation." Journal of Climate 15, no. 4 (February 2002): 399–419. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/1520-0442(2002)015<0399:accawt>2.0.co;2.

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Zeng, Gang, Wei-Chyung Wang, Zhaobo Sun, and Zhongxian Li. "Atmospheric circulation cells associated with anomalous east Asian winter monsoon." Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 28, no. 4 (June 23, 2011): 913–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00376-010-0100-6.

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Haigh, Joanna D., Michael Blackburn, and Rebecca Day. "The Response of Tropospheric Circulation to Perturbations in Lower-Stratospheric Temperature." Journal of Climate 18, no. 17 (September 1, 2005): 3672–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli3472.1.

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Abstract A multiple regression analysis of the NCEP–NCAR reanalysis dataset shows a response to increased solar activity of a weakening and poleward shift of the subtropical jets. This signal is separable from other influences, such as those of El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), and is very similar to that seen in previous studies using global circulation models (GCMs) of the effects of an increase in solar spectral irradiance. The response to increased stratospheric (volcanic) aerosol is found in the data to be a weakening and equatorward shift of the jets. The GCM studies of the solar influence also showed an impact on tropospheric mean meridional circulation with a weakening and expansion of the tropical Hadley cells and a poleward shift of the Ferrel cells. To understand the mechanisms whereby the changes in solar irradiance affect tropospheric winds and circulation, experiments have been carried out with a simplified global circulation model. The results show that generic heating of the lower stratosphere tends to weaken the subtropical jets and the tropospheric mean meridional circulations. The positions of the jets, and the extent of the Hadley cells, respond to the distribution of the stratospheric heating, with low-latitude heating forcing them to move poleward, and high-latitude or latitudinally uniform heating forcing them equatorward. The patterns of response are similar to those that are found to be a result of the solar or volcanic influences, respectively, in the data analysis. This demonstrates that perturbations to the heat balance of the lower stratosphere, such as those brought about by solar or volcanic activity, can produce changes in the mean tropospheric circulation, even without any direct forcing below the tropopause.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Atmospheric cells of circulation"

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Green, Brian Marcus. "Coupling of the intertropical convergence zone and the Hadley cells to the ocean's circulation." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/119988.

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Thesis: Ph. D. in Climate Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, 2018.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 169-183).
Patterns of tropical precipitation are sensitive to the atmosphere's energy balance and shift, for example, into the hemisphere heated most strongly by radiation and surface heat fluxes. By redistributing heat around the globe, the ocean circulation plays an important role in the atmosphere's energy balance and is a potentially strong control on the region of intense tropical rainfall known as the intertropical convergence zone, or ITCZ. This thesis explores several aspects of the coupling of the ocean's heat transport to the ITCZ and atmospheric circulation. First, I study connections between Atlantic Ocean heat transport variability and the position of the ITCZ in the 20th Century. Using atmospheric reanalyses and reconstructions of tropical precipitation, I find correlations between sea surface temperatures in the North Atlantic, the ITCZ position, and tropospheric temperatures that are consistent with Atlantic Ocean-forced ITCZ shifts. The rest of the thesis focuses on aspects of the coupling of the ocean's subtropical cells (STCs) to the ITCZ and the atmosphere's Hadley cells. By forcing an idealized atmosphere-ocean global climate model with an inter-hemispheric heating contrast, I find the STCs act to strongly damp the resulting ITCZ shift through their cross-equatorial heat transport, which partially compensates the imposed heating contrast. Coupled to the Hadley cells and ITCZ by the trade winds, heat transport by the STCs always acts to weaken ITCZ shifts and is a powerful control on the ITCZ position, keeping it "stuck" to latitudes near the equator. Applying the results from the idealized experiments, I estimate the STCs act to damp ITCZ shifts on Earth by a factor of two. In the case of a hemispherically symmetric climate with the ITCZ on the equator, I study the influence of the STCs on the strength of the Hadley cells by performing a range of global warming and cooling experiments on the same idealized model. Compared to the case without any ocean heat transport, the STCs act to strongly weaken the Hadley cells, particularly in cold climates, by reducing the meridional heating contrast across the cells. Using a new energy balance framework to quantify this cross-cell heating contrast, I show that part of the impact of the STCs' poleward heat transport is offset by anomalous equatorward energy transport by atmospheric eddies. My results suggest the STCs act to weaken the Hadley cells further than previously thought.
by Brian Marcus Green.
Ph. D. in Climate Science
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Lin, Nai Shi. "The response of the width of the Hadley cell to global warming-like thermal forcing in a simple general circulation model." Thesis, McGill University, 2011. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=97070.

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The response of the Hadley Cell (HC) width to the global warming is investigated using a set of dry global circulation model (GCM) integrations. In the model, global warming is mimicked by two thermal forcings: a warming in the tropical upper troposphere (THR) and a warming in polar lower atmosphere (PHR). A set of model integrations for the THR case, the PHR case and both of these cases combined (TPH) are performed with both the axisymmetric (2D) and non-axisymmetric (3D) model configurations. It is found that THR results in a clear poleward expansion of the Hadley circulation. By contrast, the PHR case tends to cause the HC in the 3D run to shrink, although its impact is minor. This sensitivity does not exist on the axisymmetric (2D) integration, indicating that baroclinic eddies play a critical role in the widening of the HC. Model integrations with TPH show a stronger HC expansion than their addition of two simulations with only THR and PHR. It suggests that baroclinic eddies, which are responsible for the HC expansion, nonlinearly interact with the THR and PHR. The widening of the HC is also found to be solely attributed to the influence of increased static stability, which is induced by tropical heating. Sensitivity tests further show the HC expansion is highly sensitive to the width of the THR. This occurs only when THR is broad enough to change the baroclinicity in the subtropics.
Lèffet du réchauffement global sur la largeur de la cellule de Hadley est examiné en utilisant une série d`intégrations dùn modèle de circulation global sec. Dans le modèle, le réchauffement global est imité par deux forçages thermiques, le réchauffement de la troposphère supérieure tropicale et le réchauffement polaire est la combinaison des deux réchauffements, une série d`intégrations numériques est performée avec deux configurations de modèle : axisymétrique (2D) et non-axisymétrique (3D). Les résultats démontrent que le réchauffement tropical résulte en une expansion évidente de la cellule de Hadley. Au contraire, le réchauffement polaire diminue la largeur de la cellule de Hadley bien que lèffet soit mineur. Cette sensibilité nèxiste pas dans la simulation 2D, indiquant que les ondes baroclines jouent un rôle important dans l`élargissement de la cellule de Hadley. L`intégration combinant les réchauffements tropicaux et polaires d`émontrent une expansion supérieure de la cellule de Hadley que les intégrations de réchauffement tropical et de réchauffement polaire additionnées. Cela suggère que les ondes baroclines qui sont responsables de lèxpansion de la cellule de Hadley interagissent de manière non-linéaire avec le réchauffement tropical et le réchauffement polaire. En plus, lèxpansion de la cellule de Hadley est uniquement attribuée a l`influence dùne stabilité accrue introduite par le réchauffement tropical. Des tests de stabilité d`émontrent que lèxpansion est très sensible à la largeur du réchauffement tropical. Il a lieu seulement lorsque le réchauffement tropical est assez large pour changer la baroclinicité dans les subtropiques.
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Tonin, Hemerson E., and hemer tonin@flinders edu au. "Atmospheric freshwater sources for eastern Pacific surface salinity." Flinders University. Chemistry, Physics and Earth Sciences, 2006. http://catalogue.flinders.edu.au./local/adt/public/adt-SFU20061031.080144.

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The remarkable salinity difference between the upper Pacific and Atlantic Oceans is often explained through net export of water vapour across Central America. To investigate this mechanism a study of salinity signals in the Equatorial Pacific Ocean current system was made looking at responses to fresh water input from two sources (local versus remote - Atlantic Ocean) as well as a combination of the two. Statistical analyses (Empirical Orthogonal Functions, Single Value Decomposition and Wavelet analysis) were used to split the main sources of the atmospheric freshwater input into local and remote contributions and to quantify both contributions. The remote source was assumed to have been transported over Central America from the Atlantic Ocean as an atmospheric freshwater flux, whereas the local source originated in the Pacific Ocean itself. The analysis suggests that 74% of the total variance in precipitation over the tropical eastern Pacific is due to water vapour transport from the Atlantic. It also demonstrates strong influence of ENSO events, with maximum correlation at a two months time lag. During La Ni�a periods the precipitation variance is more closely related to water vapour transport across Central America (the remote source), while during El Ni�o periods it is more closely related to the water vapour transport by Southerly winds along the west coast of South America (the local source). The current and temperature fields provided by the Modular Ocean Model (version 2) were used to study the changes in the salinity field when freshwater was added to or removed from the model. ECMWF ERA-40 data taken from the ECMWF data server was used to determine the atmospheric flux of freshwater at the ocean surface, in the form of evaporation minus precipitation (E-P). The Mixed Layer Depth (MLD) computed from temperature and salinity fields determines to what depth the salinity's dilution/concentration takes place for every grid point. Each MLD was calculated from the results of the previous time step, and the water column was considered well mixed from the surface to this depth. The statistical relationships were used to reconstruct the precipitation over the tropical eastern Pacific. A numerical ocean model, which uses currents and temperature from a global ocean model and is forced by precipitation, was used to study the ocean's response to either the remote or the local source acting in isolation. Through time lag correlation analysis of the sea surface salinity anomalies produced by the variation in the reconstructed precipitation fields, it is found that the anomaly signals of salinity propagate westward along the Equator at a rate of approximately 0.25 m.s-1 (6.1 degrees per month).
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Walther, Connie. "Atmospheric Circulation in Antarctica." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-199278.

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Validation of the Regional Climate Model HIRHAM with measurements, especially from radiosondes and GPS-signal-retrieval. Analysis of synoptical structures in Antarctica and comparison of the precipitation in different phases of the Antarctic Oscillation.
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Brandefelt, Jenny. "Atmospheric circulation regimes and climate change." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : Dept. of Meteorology, Stockholm University, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-530.

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Gillett, Nathan Peter. "Climate change and the atmospheric circulation." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.393444.

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Dugas, Bernard. "Persistent circulation anomalies in observations and in a general circulation model." Thesis, McGill University, 1989. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=74220.

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A comparative diagnostic study of upper-air persistent atmospheric events, as simulated by a general circulation model (GCM) and as observed, is presented. We start with an overview of the several theories that attempt to explain such phenomena. Particular emphasis is put on the model approach of Shutts (1983). We next show that the spatial distributions of persistent events is qualitatively similar in the GCM and observational data. The North-Atlantic events are extracted and a rotated empirical orthogonal function (REOF) analysis is done on the resulting data sets. The two REOF sets that are thus obtained are shown to greatly resemble one another. Both explain roughly 50% of their original data's variance. The relationships between the modes within a set are presented, so as to understand their probable combined evolution. The fourth chapter contains an evaluation of Shutt's theory. There, the third chapter's results are used to isolate a particular class of events, namely the strong +ATL2 dipoles. The time-tendencies associated to short time-scale synoptic waves are evaluated, using an E-vectors approach, taking care to distinguish between the onset, mature and demise phases of the events. It seems that these synoptic waves have a significant impact of the average life-cycle of this +ATL2 type of events, whether they be simulated by a GCM or obtained from a NMC set of analyses.
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Lewis, Nikole Kae. "Atmospheric Circulation of Eccentric Extrasolar Giant Planets." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/242352.

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This dissertation explores the three-dimensional coupling between radiative and dynamical processes in the atmospheres of eccentric extrasolar giant planets GJ436b, HAT-P-2b, and HD80606b. Extrasolar planets on eccentric orbits are subject to time-variable heating and probable non-synchronous rotation, which results in significant variations in global circulation and thermal patterns as a function of orbital phase. Atmospheric simulations for the low eccentricity (e=0.15) Neptune sized planet GJ436b reveal that when Neptune-like atmospheric compositions are assumed day/night temperature contrasts and equatorial jet speeds are significantly increased relative to models that assume a solar-like composition. Comparisons between our theoretical light curves and recent observations support a high metallicity atmosphere with disequilibrium carbon chemistry for GJ436b. The analysis of full-orbit light curve observations at 3.6 and 4.5 microns of the HAT-P-2 system reveal swings in the planet's temperature of more than 900 K during its significantly eccentric (e=0.5) orbit with a four to six hour offset between periapse passage and the peak of the planet's observed flux. Comparisons between our atmospheric model of HAT-P-2b and the observed light curves indicate an increased carbon to oxygen ratio in HAT-P-2b's atmosphere compared to solar values. Atmospheric simulations of the highly eccentric (e=0.9) HD80606b show that flash-heating events completely alter planetary thermal and jet structures and that assumptions about the rotation period of this planet could affect the shape of light curve observations near periapse. Our simulations of HD80606b also show the development an atmospheric shock on the nightside of the planet that is associated with an observable thermal signature in our theoretical light curves. The simulations and observations presented in this dissertation mark an important step in the exploration of atmospheric circulation on the more than 300 exoplanets known to possess significantly non-zero eccentricities.
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Garfin, Gregg Marc 1957. "Sierra Nevada tree-rings and atmospheric circulation." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/288925.

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The primary objective of this research is to investigate relationships between extremes in central Sierra Nevada tree growth, temperature and precipitation and winter and summer atmospheric circulation. Using existing Sierra Nevada chronologies, I developed two mean chronologies for the period of overlap between instrumental and tree-ring records (1900-1987), one for giant sequoia (Sequoiadendron giganteum) and one for treeline pines (Pinus balfouriana, Pinus albicaulis) and selected the highest and lowest quintiles of tree growth as extreme years. For these years, I constructed and analyzed maps of composite anomalies for the following climatic data: tropospheric pressure (SLP, 700 mb, 500 mb), storm track (positive vorticity advection [PVA], a variable not previously used in dendroclimatology), temperature, precipitation, and snow (a variable often assumed have the same effects on growth as winter precipitation). Results suggest that extreme growth in these trees is associated with distinct patterns of winter atmospheric circulation and snow depth that are consistent with instrumental studies for the Western U.S. The storm track and snow analyses, seldom used in dendroclimatology, added substance to inferences based on analyses of tropospheric and surface climate parameters. This study shows the strong potential for reconstruction of these variables using Sierra Nevada trees. Synthesis of these results suggests that sequoia exhibit low growth during years with meridional winter and summer circulation, winter storms primarily occluded in the Gulf of Alaska, and low snow depth; sequoia exhibit high growth during years with low winter pressure in the north Pacific, long duration storms, a SW-NE oriented storm track entering North America at the California-Oregon border, high snow depth and zonal summer flow. Treeline pines exhibit low growth during years with enhanced ridging over the eastern Pacific, cool, short duration winter storms along a northern track, low snow depth and high east Pacific summer SLP; these pines exhibit high growth during years with warm, long duration winter storms following a southern track, a quasi-PNA atmospheric circulation pattern, average snow depth and a northeastward displaced summer subtropical high. Evidence presented herein suggests that variation in extreme treeline pine growth tracks low frequency changes in north Pacific atmospheric circulation.
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Thompson, David W. J. "Annular modes in the atmospheric general circulation /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/10057.

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Books on the topic "Atmospheric cells of circulation"

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Satoh, Masaki. Atmospheric Circulation Dynamics and General Circulation Models. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-13574-3.

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Tschuck, Peter. Atmospheric blocking in a general circulation model. Zürich: Geographisches Institut ETH, 1998.

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Zhuravleva, T. M. Obʺektivnyĭ kalendarʹ tipov atmosfernoĭ t︠s︡irkuli︠a︡t︠s︡ii i ikh raznovidnosteĭ na urovne 500 gPa nad vtorym estestvennym sinopticheskim raĭonom severnogo polusharii︠a︡ za 1964-1990 gg. Sankt-Peterburg: Gidrometeoizdat, 2001.

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Ustrnul, Zbigniew. Zmienność cyrkulacji atmosfery na półkuli północnej w XX wieku. Warszawa: Instytut Meteorologii i Gospodarki Wodnej, 1997.

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V, Turkov D., ed. Raschet sezonnykh rezhimov t͡s︡irkuli͡a︡t͡s︡ii atmosfery. Moskva: Vychislitelʹnyĭ t͡s︡entr AN SSSR, 1988.

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6

Wain, Alan. Air parcel transport over the maritime continent as determined from trajectory climatologies, 1994-1999. Melbourne, Vic: School of Geography and Environmental Science, Monash University, 2002.

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Hempel, Ludwig. Kalte und warme Regionalwinde über dem östlichen Mittlemeer und der Ägäis zwischen Greichland und Nordafrika. Münster: Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Institut für Geographie, 1998.

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Takacs, Lawrence L. Documentation of the Goddard Laboratory for Atmospheres fourth-order two-layer shallow water model. Greenbelt, Md: Goddard Space Flight Center, 1986.

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Jones, Philip D. Global surface air temperature variations: 1851-1984. Oak Ridge, Tenn: Environmental Sciences Division at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1986.

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Boyle, James S. Northern winter circulations for the period 1974-1983. Monterey, Calif: Naval Postgraduate School, 1987.

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Book chapters on the topic "Atmospheric cells of circulation"

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Przybylak, Rajmund. "Atmospheric Circulation." In The Climate of the Arctic, 15–37. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-21696-6_2.

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Przybylak, Rajmund. "Atmospheric Circulation." In The Climate of the Arctic, 13–31. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-0379-6_2.

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Lazaridis, Mihalis. "Atmospheric Circulation." In Environmental Pollution, 119–49. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0162-5_3.

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Peters, Thorsten, and Michael Richter. "The Atmospheric Circulation." In Tropical Forestry Handbook, 1–24. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-41554-8_36-1.

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Peters, Thorsten, and Michael Richter. "The Atmospheric Circulation." In Tropical Forestry Handbook, 303–31. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-54601-3_36.

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Krishnamurti, T. N., Lydia Stefanova, and Vasubandhu Misra. "Heat Induced Circulation." In Springer Atmospheric Sciences, 47–74. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-7409-8_4.

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Roy, Indrani. "Climatology and General Circulation." In Springer Atmospheric Sciences, 3–9. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-77107-6_1.

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Rasch, Philip J. "Atmospheric General Circulation Modeling atmosphere/atmospheric general circulation modeling (AGCM)." In Encyclopedia of Sustainability Science and Technology, 622–38. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0851-3_354.

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Teixeira, Joao, Mark Taylor, Anders Persson, and Georgios Matheou. "Atmospheric General Circulation Models." In Encyclopedia of Remote Sensing, 35–37. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-36699-9_8.

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Farmer, G. Thomas, and John Cook. "Atmospheric Circulation and Climate." In Climate Change Science: A Modern Synthesis, 231–43. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-5757-8_11.

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Conference papers on the topic "Atmospheric cells of circulation"

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Jena, Sofen K., and Swarup K. Mahapatra. "Effect of Participating Medium Radiation and Nano-Fluidic Behaviour of Atmospheric Aerosol on Natural Convection of Industrial Dusty Air." In ASME 2013 4th International Conference on Micro/Nanoscale Heat and Mass Transfer. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/mnhmt2013-22259.

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The current study is focused on thermal radiation interaction with the natural convection of atmospheric brown cloud (ABC). The current study puts emphasis on ultra fine carbon-black particle suspension of several nano meter range along with some pollutant gas mixture with atmospheric air. The numerical simulation of double diffusive thermo-gravitational convection of ABC is done with Hide and Mason laboratory model for atmosphere. The effect of flow circulation is simulated by setting different value of buoyancy ratios. The effect of participating media radiation has been investigated for various values of optical depth. The governing equations, describing circulation of ABC are solved using modified Marker and Cell method. Gradient dependent consistent hybrid upwind scheme of second order is used for discretization of the convective terms. Discrete ordinate method, with S8 approximation is used to solve radiative transport equation. Comprehensive studies on controlling parameters that affect the flow and heat transfer characteristics have been addressed. The results are provided in graphical and tabular form to delineate the flow behavior and heat transfer characteristics.
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Mauk, Michael G., Carlos Ruiz, Richard Y. Chiou, Jean Espaillat, Senyu Wang, Ainhoa Garcia, and Robert Surrette. "Student Learning Projects in Sustainable Energy: Solar-Powered Algae Culture, Photovoltaics, and CO2 Capture." In ASME 2018 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2018-88404.

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A systems approach combining algae aquaculture for biofuels, photovoltaic solar electric generation, and a subsystem for atmospheric CO2 capture as a carbon source for the algae, is developed as a platform and testbed for student engineering design projects. This work serves as a hands-on learning design project for engineering undergraduates in renewable energy, industrial microbiology, and sustainable and ‘green’ technology. Fully-instrumented and automated tabletop systems for circulating algae cultures in plastic fluidic channels integrated with silicon solar cells are designed, prototyped and tested with the aim of optimizing the yields and solar energy utilization.
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MODI, V. "Joukowsky airfoil with circulation control." In 12th Atmospheric Flight Mechanics Conference. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.1985-1772.

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Latysheva, Inna, Sayana Vologzhina, Oxana Barkhatova, Kristina Loshchenko, and Ekaterina Sutyrina. "Circulation factors in climate change in the Baikal region." In XXV International Symposium, Atmospheric and Ocean Optics, Atmospheric Physics, edited by Gennadii G. Matvienko and Oleg A. Romanovskii. SPIE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2538282.

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Stanghelle, Daniel, Arnstein Norheim, O̸yvind Skreiberg, Johan E. Hustad, and Otto K. So̸nju. "A 5 kWel Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Stack Operating on Biomass Gasification Producer Gas: System Design and Results." In ASME 2007 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2007-42570.

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This paper describes the system setup and presents results from the ongoing BioSOFC project. The project aims at demonstrating integration of atmospheric biomass steam gasification, high temperature gas cleaning and Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs). This is done by taking a slipstream from a steam gasification reactor (the Fast Internally Circulating Fluidised Bed (FICFB) gasifier at Biomasse Kraftwerk Gu¨ssing in Gu¨ssing, Austria) as fuel feed for a 5 kWel Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) stack. The system also includes a novel high temperature particle filter (the Panel Bed Filter (PBF)) and a high temperature H2S removal unit. The biomass gasifier, using wood chips as fuel, has a dry producer gas consisting of H2 (up to 45 vol%), CO (up to 30 vol%), CO2 (up to 20 vol%), CH4 (8–12 vol%) and N2 (1–2 vol%). This gas composition makes the producer gas highly suitable as fuel for SOFCs. However, the gas has a relatively high particle loading (up to 60 g/Nm3) and a tar content of up to 2 g/Nm3. In addition, it has been reported that the dry producer gas contains 100–200 ppmv H2S and 500–1000 ppmv NH3. Due to otherwise expected fuel cell performance degradation, the particles have to be removed before entering the SOFC stack. In addition, the sulphur (mainly H2S) concentration must be reduced to minimize the performance degradation in the SOFC. The slipstream is taken from the top of the gasifier freeboard, and is then cooled from about 900°C to 550°C before entering the PBF where the particles are removed. The H2S concentration is reduced in a separate fixed-bed reactor with a Zink-oxide based sorbent. The pressure in the producer gas is increased from the somewhat below atmospheric pressure in the filter to the atmospheric pressure required by the SOFC stack. This pressure increase is achieved by means of two high temperature fans operated at about 525°C. The producer gas is then heated again to up to 900°C before entering the fuel cell stack. This paper presents results from component tests carried out at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) as well as results from the field tests of the system in Gu¨ssing. This ongoing project is scheduled to continue until December 2007. The BioSOFC project is carried out in cooperation with TU-Vienna and Austrian and Norwegian technology companies. The project is funded by the Research Council of Norway and six Norwegian companies.
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Delisi, Donald, and Wilbur Pierce. "Circulation Measurements of Merging Vortex Rings." In 3rd AIAA Atmospheric Space Environments Conference. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2011-3033.

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Vasil'ev, Denis Y., Vladimir Semenov, Vladimir Vodopyanov, Ekaterina Kochetkova, Nikita Velikanov, and Alexey Yelizariev. "Atmospheric circulation internal variability contribution and global climate change." In 26th International Symposium on Atmospheric and Ocean Optics, Atmospheric Physics, edited by Gennadii G. Matvienko and Oleg A. Romanovskii. SPIE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2574452.

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Denisova, N. Y., K. G. Gribanov, M. Werner, and V. I. Zakharov. "Climate modeling for Yamal territory using supercomputer atmospheric circulation model ECHAM5-wiso." In XXI International Symposium Atmospheric and Ocean Optics. Atmospheric Physics, edited by Oleg A. Romanovskii. SPIE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2205611.

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Wassaf, Hadi, and Frank Wang. "Duality of Circulation Decay Statistics and Survival Probability." In AIAA Atmospheric and Space Environments Conference. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2010-7990.

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Holzäpfel, Frank, Takashi Misaka, and Ingo Hennemann. "Wake-Vortex Topology, Circulation, and Turbulent Exchange Processes." In AIAA Atmospheric and Space Environments Conference. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2010-7992.

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Reports on the topic "Atmospheric cells of circulation"

1

Skyllingstad, Eric D. Modeling of the Atmospheric Circulation in the Santa Barbara Channel. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada613938.

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Randall, D. A. Development of an advanced finite-difference atmospheric general circulation model. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5676778.

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Lee, Craig M. Adriatic Circulation Experiment- Mesoscale Dynamics and Response to Strong Atmospheric Forcing. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada612667.

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Lee, Craig M. Adriatic Circulation Experiment--Mesoscale Dynamics and Response to Strong Atmospheric Forcing. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, August 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada626399.

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Covey, C. ,. LLNL. Precipitation-climate sensitivity to initial conditions in an atmospheric general circulation model. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/664594.

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Kennedy, Andrew. Unsteady Wave-Driven Circulation Cells Relevant to Rip Currents and Coastal Engineering. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada541613.

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Kennedy, Andrew. Unsteady Wave-Driven Circulation Cells Relevant to Rip Currents and Coastal Engineering. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada523301.

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Govindasamy, B., and P. Duffy. Evaluation of Cloud Parameterizations in a High Resolution Atmospheric General Circulation Model Using ARM Data. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/15003273.

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Gleckler, P. J., D. A. Randall, and G. Boer. Cloud-radiative effects on implied oceanic energy transports as simulated by atmospheric general circulation models. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10162018.

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Frank, William M., James J. Hack, and Jeffrey T. Kiehl. Improvement of Moist and Radiative Processes in Highly Parallel Atmospheric General Circulation Models: Validation and Development. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/7213.

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