Journal articles on the topic 'Athletes'
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1
Darvin, Lindsey, Alicia Cintron, and Meg Hancock. "¿Por qué jugar? Sport socialization among Hispanic/Latina female NCAA division I student-athletes." Journal of Amateur Sport 3, no. 2 (July 25, 2017): 27–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.17161/jas.v3i2.6460.
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Representation of Hispanics/Latinas in intercollegiate athletics is lacking. During the 2014-2015 National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) athletic season, only 2.2 percent of all female Division I student-athlete’s identified as Hispanic or Latina (NCAA, 2015). This low percentage of Hispanic/Latina female participants calls into question how these young women become involved in athletics and sustain their involvement within sport. While previous research has examined the socialization processes of youth athletes and parents of youth athlete participants, there is little research aimed at examining these processes for elite-level athlete participants (Dorsch, Smith, & McDonough, 2015; Greendorfer, Blinde, & Pellegrini, 1986;). Thus, the aim of this current study was to examine the potential factors that may have contributed to consistent sport participation for an elite group of Hispanic/Latina female athletes throughout their youth and collegiate careers. Participants for this study identified as current NCAA Division I Hispanic/Latina female student-athletes. Results showed that family, specifically parents and siblings, contributed to socializing Hispanic/Latina athletes into sport, while family and coaches contributed to the persistence of their athletic endeavors. Findings also show a sense of cultural indifference, youth coaches who invested in the participants long-term, and a significant involvement of the patriarch of the family in their athletic success.
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Laurel, Dacus, Castagno Christopher, Castagno Ciara, Gontre Gil, and Weiss William M. "Impact of Traumatic Sports Injury on an Athlete’s Psychological Wellbeing, Adherence to Sport and Athletic Identity." Journal of Sports Medicine and Therapy 8, no. 3 (September 20, 2023): 036–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.29328/journal.jsmt.1001070.
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Introduction: Sports injuries can affect athletes across all ages, sexes, and levels of competition. The mental aspect of acute sports injury is often overlooked by coaches, trainers, and medical professionals. This study investigated if and how an acute traumatic sports injury affects an athlete’s psychological well-being, adherence to sport, and athletic identity. Methods: The study consisted of surveys sent to former or current athletes over 18 with one or more athletic injuries. The Qualtrics surveys were anonymous, and participants consented to the study within the survey. Results: There were 101 total participants (20.2% response rate) with an average age of 36. All reported one or more acute athletic injuries throughout their athletic careers. Specific survey sets were compared against each other using a variable correlation analysis (p - value < 0.05) and via Pearson’s Correlation. Conclusion: The results indicated that injury impacts the lives of athletes most significantly on the field and can harm their performance based on their perception of the severity of the injury. However, this decline in performance and decrease in confidence does not correlate to an athlete’s desire to leave their sport or how they identify as being an athlete. Takeaways: 1) The stronger an individual identifies as being an athlete, the more likely they are to continue their sports career after an injury. 2) An athlete’s self-worth after an injury significantly impacts their feelings outside athletics. 3) For athletes emotionally impacted by their acute traumatic injury, the injury was a significant factor regarding their athletic performance.
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Deliautaitė, Karolina, Silvija Baubonytė, Inga Staškevičiūtė-Butienė, and Irena Valantinė. "Athlete Brand Development in Social Media: Analysis of Students’ Attitudes." Baltic Journal of Sport and Health Sciences 2, no. 121 (July 5, 2021): 34–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.33607/bjshs.v2i121.1086.
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Background. Athlete brand image management is one of the most popular topics of discussion in sport management right now. As professional sport has become a commercialised industry segment with more athletes involved, athletes are becoming promotional faces. Most professional athletes are involved in the use of social networks. There athletes actively demonstrate their personal lives, professional accents and advertise products. It is important to understand and analyse the impact of social networks on an athlete’s brand and ways to properly position themselves in social media. Using social networks, athletes are closer to fans and consumers than ever before. Based on and applying the Athlete Brand model developed by Arai (2010), this study aimed to investigate students’ attitudes towards athletes’ self-positioning on social networks.
Methods. The study involved 367 students (151 men and 216 women) from three Lithuanian universities. The Arai (2010) questionnaire was used for the study. Statistical analysis of the data was performed using SPSS 26.0.
Results. It has been found that athletes’ sports performance is statistically significant in the development of a professional athlete’s brand, it is the fundamental aspect that creates the initial status of athlete’s brand. Results showed that the strongest direct causal link was found between an athlete’s athletic performance and lifestyle. It was also found that very strong links, in the opinion of the respondents, were between the athletes’ communication and behaviours.
Conclusions. When building an athlete’s brand, it is important to pay attention to three key components: athletic performance, attractive appearance, and marketable lifestyle. These three uses of an athlete’s brand can be explained by specific aspects of sports competitions or components of personal life. However, one of the most important factors in shaping a positive image of an athlete is athletic achievements.
Practical implications. This study can provide a consistent consumer approach to key aspects, focusing on consumer attention in athlete positioning. This can help the athlete and marketers develop an appropriate personal branding and positioning strategy in social media, which will then broaden the circle of fans and strengthen the opinion of loyal fans. Athlete’s brand is a set of closely interrelated and fan-centred physical, functional, aesthetic, and emotional elements that sets athlete’s brand apart from competitors and creates financial benefits for the athlete. The brand creates benefits not only for the athlete, but also for the market participants around him/her (consumer/fan, commercial brand), which can be called the functions of the brand.
Keywords: Athlete’s image, social network, brand relationship.
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Coffey, Lisa, and Armani Davis. "The Holistic Approach to Academia: Traditional Classroom Instruction and Experiential Learning of Student-Athletes." Education Sciences 9, no. 2 (June 7, 2019): 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/educsci9020125.
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National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) student-athletes represent a unique subculture on college campuses, and the athlete must balance the rigors of coursework, athletics, and the non-traditional dynamics associated with being an athlete, which include “dumb jock” stereotypes, isolation, negative criticism, and the fear associated with athletic retirement. Unlike non-athletes, these students face increasing pressure from outside sources, including family, coaches, and fans, to be the best. However, participation in athletics gives student-athletes an opportunity to learn valuable skills and characteristics that are transferrable to the workplace. This mixed-method research extracted descriptive data to identify the characteristics learned through athletics, the skill-sets potential employers value the most, and how those skills are transferable to the workplace. Those characteristics include refined leadership, communication skills, and an ability to multi-task with a laser-sharp focus. Student-athletes are assertive, driven, understand the concept of teamwork, and handle constructive criticism without adverse reactions. The results show that when student-athletes engage in the classroom and absorb the learning opportunities provided through athletics, student-athletes can have a competitive advantage in the job marketplace.
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Dennis, Dennis Dwi Kurniawan, Soni Nopembri, and Eddy Purnomo. "Relationship between anxiety levels and the performance of early adolescent athletic athletes in trirace numbers." Retos 48 (March 16, 2023): 742–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.47197/retos.v48.97269.
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This study aims to examine the relationship between athlete anxiety and triathlete performance in early adolescent athletes. The subjects consisted of 95 athletes who participated in the junior high school O2SN championship. This research was conducted in one day, the anxiety instrument was administered after the championship and the athlete's performance was calculated based on the overall athlete's achievement, which was obtained from the competition committee's official results. The Sport Anxiety Scale 2 (SAS-2) is used in the anxiety instrument, which consists of 15 questions, plus 9 questions about the difficulties of athletes in carrying out competitions for each race number, which are taken from the World Athletics Federation (WAF) manual on the rules or race flow of each race number. The relationship between anxiety and triathlete performance in early adolescent athletics is investigated using Pearson correlation analysis. There is a very strong negative correlation between anxiety and tri-race performance of early adolescent athletes with r = -0.834, and the long jump number is a race number with a high level of anxiety and difficulty based on early adolescent athletes’ perception results. Key words: Anxiety Level, Early Adolescent Athlete Performance, Tri-race Athletics
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Linsner, Annika, Brad Hill, Kirstin Hallmann, and Popi Sotiriadou. "Developing an Athlete Brand Identity Scale using Rasch analysis." Sport, Business and Management: An International Journal 10, no. 4 (May 19, 2020): 431–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sbm-09-2019-0075.
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PurposeThis study identifies important dimensions of the athlete brand identity construct incorporating the athlete perspective. It also uses Rasch analysis to provide a practical tool (the Athlete Brand Identity Scale) to measure how closely an athlete's personal brand identity is aligned with their perceived brand image.Design/methodology/approachReference to existing athlete branding measurement tools and consultation with ten athlete experts generated (74) items considered important to an athlete brand. Two different response scales were then used to test those items in wider surveys of athletes and consumers. This allowed for further scale development and measurement of congruence between an athlete's self-image and the brand image held by consumers (within the same survey). Factor analysis and Rasch analysis were carried out to refine the item pool and assess item measurement properties to establish a concise scale for determining athlete brand identity.FindingsResults show successful identification of four dimensions of athlete brand identity measurement: athletic integrity, athletic success, fan engagement and character traits, informed development of the Athlete Brand Identity Scale (ABIdS). The unique and significant aspect of the ABIdS is its capacity to incorporate the athlete's perspective into brand management.Practical implicationsThe ABIdS can be utilised by early-career athletes to plan and prioritise branding efforts whilst established athletes can identify incongruence between self-image and consumer perceptions. Such gaps can be evaluated and branding activities modified accordingly. This will enable athletes to better access corporate support/sponsorship thereby reducing reliance on public funds.Originality/valueThe major difference between the ABIdS and other existing scales in the athlete brand research domain is the focus on the athlete perspective, as opposed to the consumer perspectives. Evaluating consumer perspectives does not explain how athletes perceive their own brand or how their own perception of their brand compares to that of people external to the brand (fans and consumers). The ABIdS developed in this study has the potential to achieve this objective as its design was driven by athlete perceptions but tested on both athletes and consumers.
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Kroshus, Emily, Jessica Wagner, David Wyrick, Amy Athey, Lydia Bell, Holly J. Benjamin, Michael A. Grandner, et al. "Wake up call for collegiate athlete sleep: narrative review and consensus recommendations from the NCAA Interassociation Task Force on Sleep and Wellness." British Journal of Sports Medicine 53, no. 12 (May 16, 2019): 731–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2019-100590.
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Sleep is an important determinant of collegiate athlete health, well-being and performance. However, collegiate athlete social and physical environments are often not conducive to obtaining restorative sleep. Traditionally, sleep has not been a primary focus of collegiate athletic training and is neglected due to competing academic, athletic and social demands. Collegiate athletics departments are well positioned to facilitate better sleep culture for their athletes. Recognising the lack of evidence-based or consensus-based guidelines for sleep management and restorative sleep for collegiate athletes, the National Collegiate Athletic Association hosted a sleep summit in 2017. Members of the Interassociation Task Force on Sleep and Wellness reviewed current data related to collegiate athlete sleep and aimed to develop consensus recommendations on sleep management and restorative sleep using the Delphi method. In this paper, we provide a narrative review of four topics central to collegiate athlete sleep: (1) sleep patterns and disorders among collegiate athletes; (2) sleep and optimal functioning among athletes; (3) screening, tracking and assessment of athlete sleep; and (4) interventions to improve sleep. We also present five consensus recommendations for colleges to improve their athletes’ sleep.
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Wiginton, Kristin L., and Deborah Rhea. "Cognitive Mapping: Its Use as an Assessment Tool for Disordered Eating." Women in Sport and Physical Activity Journal 8, no. 2 (October 1999): 63–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/wspaj.8.2.63.
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The incidence of eating disorders among female athletes continues to increase, presenting intervention challenges to athletic trainers. Additionally, a number of female athletes have disordered eating behaviors that do not yet constitute an eating disorder diagnosis, but have similar characteristics to those athletes diagonised with eating disorders. However, each athlete exhibits individual mental representations of disordered eating and the impact of those representations on important aspects of her life. The athletic trainer has the potential to offer comprehensive preventive education when all aspects of the athlete’s own understanding of disordered eating are assessed. Cognitive mapping is an assessment technique that can be used in addition to other preventive practices and can be useful in determining an athlete’s current mental representations of disordered eating.
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Bukstein, Scott. "Practical Strategies for Thought Leaders in College Athletics and Higher Education: Developing a “Meaningful Education and Career Preparation as Compensation” Model." Journal of Higher Education Athletics & Innovation, no. 1 (December 13, 2016): 61–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.15763/issn.2376-5267.2016.1.1.61-72.
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Recent discussion amongst scholars and practitioners related to current issues in National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I college athletics has focused on areas such as the widespread commercialization of amateur sports, consistent corruption within athletics departments at NCAA member institutions, extensive exploitation of student-athletes and the necessity of a “pay for play” employee compensation model for student-athletes (see, for example, Benedict & Keteyian, 2014; Branch, 2011; Huma & Staurowsky, 2012; Nocera & Strauss, 2016; Southall & Staurowsky, 2013; Staurowsky, Maxcy, Karcher, Southall, Berri, & Otto, 2015). However, there has been minimal scholarly and industry discourse on how to leverage some of the revenues generated at the NCAA, conference and individual athletics program levels in order to develop innovative and sustainable higher education solutions that would prepare all student-athletes for career and personal success after participation in college athletics. The primary objective of this journal article is to encourage a more informed conversation about important issues in college athletics in part by proposing several practical strategies that would improve the overall student-athlete experience and further align participation in college athletics with the core goals of institutions of higher education. This research note provides an overview of the college athletics business model at Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) institutions within Division I of the NCAA. In addition, this article reviews the current NCAA Division I governance structure. An accurate knowledge of the business and governance realities within college athletics is essential to understanding that paying student-athletes an hourly wage or annual salary is actually not one of the main system issues or central student-athlete wellbeing priorities of advocates for student-athletes, athletics leaders and higher education administrators. This article analyzes the primary issues and areas in which key college athletics stakeholders presently seek change and improvement. This article also spotlights innovative, culturally relevant student-athlete career and professional development programs recently developed by the University of Central Florida, Oregon State University and Vanderbilt University. Finally, this article provides a series of recommendations for all stakeholders involved in college athletics to optimize the student-athlete academic and athletic experience and to improve the level of career preparedness of all student-athletes.
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Francique, Akilah. "Is excellence inclusive? The benefits of fostering Black female college athlete's sense of belonging." Journal of Higher Education Athletics & Innovation, no. 3 (March 22, 2018): 48–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.15763/issn.2376-5267.2018.1.3.48-73.
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The purpose of this research note is to urge intercollegiate athletic departments and their administrators to foster a sense of belonging amongst Black female college athletes to aid in their felt membership as a college athlete and support their development as viable employment candidates in college sport. Black female college athletes’ graduation rates are on the rise; however, these being hired at dismal rates in college sport. By fostering a sense of belonging, Black female college athletes as a historically marginalized group are able to feel a sense of connectedness in the athletics and greater university environment; athletic departments commit to major organizational change that values diversity and inclusion; and through its commitment, a culture of inclusive excellence is felt by all students, faculty, staff and athletic administrators and coaches. Keywords: Black female college athletes, college sport, intercollegiate athletics, sense of belonging, diversity and inclusion, inclusive excellence
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Gruber, Carol A. "What Every Academic Advisor Should Know About Advising Student Athletes." NACADA Journal 23, no. 1-2 (March 1, 2003): 44–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.12930/0271-9517-23.1-2.44.
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Academic advisors may find particular challenges surrounding the needs of college-level student athletes. A number of important issues facing college advisors and athletes, including the campus climate toward athletics and athletes, the roles of the NCAA and the campus community in guiding the student athlete's academic and athletic experience, and the identified needs of this special student population are discussed. Information regarding both developmental advising issues and sports-specific issues affecting student athletes is provided along with suggested strategies for implementation by the academic advisor.
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Huml, Matt R., Jennifer L. Gellock, and Carrie W. Lecrom. "College athletes and the influence of academic and athletic investment on sense of belonging." Journal of Amateur Sport 6, no. 2 (October 4, 2020): 43–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.17161/jas.v6i2.9752.
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While the athletic and academic experiences of student-athletes have been frequently examined by scholars (Houle & Kluck, 2015; Rettig & Hu, 2016), there is a lack of research into which investment creates a sense of belonging on campus for student-athletes. Other factors, such as sport status, have only been conceptually discussed, while transfer status and gender, have been examined in non-athlete populations, highlighting a gap in our college student understanding of sense of belonging. We used structural modeling to examine the relationship between athletic investment, academic investment, and demographics within a context of student-athletes. Results indicated as both athletic and academic investment increase, the student-athlete’s sense of belonging on campus decreased. Additionally, student-athletes who were transfers, in team sports, or men were more likely to have a reduced sense of belong on campus.
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Arif Pambudi, Nafisa. "Social Support as a Predictor of Athletes Achievement Motivation:A Correlation Study at the Glagah Wangi Demak Athletic Club." International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Analysis 05, no. 08 (August 26, 2022): 2204–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.47191/ijmra/v5-i8-38.
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Social support is one of the factors that influence achievement motivation. Social support received can make individuals feel calm, cared for, self-confident, and competent. This study aims to determine the effect of social support on achievement motivation in athletic athletes. The type of research is ex post facto. The population is the athletics athletes of the Glagah Wangi Demak athletic club totaling 37 athletes with an age range of 14-19 years. The instrument in this research is a questionnaire. Data analysis using a simple regression test. The results showed that there was a significant effect of social support on the achievement motivation of athletic athletes. The contribution of social support to achievement motivation in athletic athletes is 27.90%. The better the athlete's social support, the higher the achievement motivation. It is hoped that people around athletes, such as parents, coaches, and friends, will provide the support that can help athletes so that they have a positive impact on their achievements. Athletes must maintain and develop enthusiasm while undergoing the best possible training program. Parents always encourage their children and provide good infrastructure to support children's achievements.
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Foster, Zipporah, and Amber De Bono. "The Influence of Perception on Student-Athletes’ Motivation and Relationship with Coaches — Student-Athlete’s Perception." Journal of Interpersonal Relations, Intergroup Relations and Identity 10 (2017): 53–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.33921/vfus8285.
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The present study was created to better understand the influence of coaches on student-athlete’s motivation. The goal of this study was to determine how the student-athlete’s motivation level is affected by the type of relationship between the coach and the student-athlete in comparison to non-athletes. The hypothesis is that athelete status (student-athlete or non-athlete) impacts perceived motivation when faced with a particular coach (“supportive” or “non-supportive”). The approach was to conduct a two-group experiment providing participants with two different scenarios. One of two scenarios was presented to manipulate the perception of a coach. Forty participants participated in this study. The recruited participants were either student- athletes or non-athletes. All participants were recruited from a Historically Black Institution; 58% were male, 42% female. The results indicate that the type of coach will differently impact a student-athlete’s motivation than a non-athlete. More specifically, both student-athletes and non-athletes perceive a “supportive” coach to be more supportive; however student-athletes perceive “non-supportive” coaches to be less encouraging than non-athletes. The findings from this study suggest that student-athletes and non- athletes perceive a non-supportive coach differently.
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Brinkman-Majewski, Rachel E., and Windee M. Weiss. "The Motivational Climate and Intrinsic Motivation in the Rehabilitation Setting." Journal of Sport Rehabilitation 27, no. 5 (September 1, 2018): 460–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsr.2016-0228.
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Context: The motivational climate created by the athletic trainer in rehabilitation may be critical in influencing athletes’ intrinsic motivation and other psychosocial outcomes in the rehabilitation and the recovery processes. Objective: To examine intercollege athletes’ perceptions of the motivational climate in the rehabilitation setting. Specifically, examining if perceptions of the motivational climate can predict athletes’ levels of intrinsic motivation with rehabilitation as well as the relationship between perceptions of the motivational climate and athlete demographics (gender, starter status, athletic trainer gender, etc). Design: Cross-sectional, descriptive research. Setting: College sport team and athletic training center. Participants: National Collegiate Athletic Association Division II intercollege athletes from one institution (n = 187; 125 males and 62 females). Main Outcome Measures: Paper-based survey measuring mastery and performance perceptions of the motivational climate in rehabilitation, athletes’ goal orientation in sport, and athletes’ levels of motivation in rehabilitation. Results: Perceptions of a performance climate were positively related to intrinsic motivation effort–improvement (effect size = 25.34%). Perceptions of a mastery climate were positively related to interest–enjoyment and perceived competence and negatively related to tension–pressure (effect size = 39.03%). In general, female athletes, as well as athletes with a female athletic trainer, had significantly higher perceptions of mastery motivational climate effort–improvement than male athletes and athletes with male athletic trainers. While male athletes and athletes with male athletic trainers had higher perceptions of intrateam member rivalry in rehabilitation. Conclusions: The athlete’s gender and goal orientation, as well as the gender of the athletic trainer creating the motivational climate, can influence whether the environment is perceived as more mastery or performance. The recovering athletes’ perceptions of the climate in rehabilitation can, in turn, affect their intrinsic motivation toward the therapeutic interventions.
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Williams Jr, Ronald D. "Alcohol Consumption And Policy Perception Among College Freshman Athletes." American Journal of Health Sciences (AJHS) 3, no. 1 (December 22, 2011): 17–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/ajhs.v3i1.6748.
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College athletes consume more alcohol and experience more alcohol-related consequences than non-athlete populations. Freshman athletes are at an even higher risk for alcohol-related problems as they learn to deal with the demands of college athletics. Researchers have suggested that the development of appropriate alcohol policy may be a useful strategy to reduce alcohol problems among athletes; however, study results are inconclusive. The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of team, athletic department, and university policy on college athletes’ alcohol consumption. A survey of 263 college freshman athletes from two NCAA universities measured alcohol consumption and perception of alcohol policies at the university, athletic department, and team levels. Results indicated that athletes who abstain from alcohol were more likely to believe in strong enforcement and the desire for greater policy restrictions at the university, athletic department, and team levels. Results also revealed differences in alcohol consumption patterns between team vs. individual sports. These findings suggest a need to develop extensive, strictly enforced alcohol policies to influence alcohol behavior of college freshman athletes.
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Choi, Jeongwon, Hongyoung Kim, and Allison Smith. "Collegiate Athletes’ Challenge, Stress, and Motivation on Dual Role." Journal of Health, Sports, and Kinesiology 2, no. 2 (July 30, 2021): 28–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.47544/johsk.2021.2.2.28.
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In the United States higher education, collegiate athletes mostly have a four-year eligibility within a five-year time frame to compete for and represent their institutions. During this period, collegiate athletes are expected to perform successfully in both academic and athletic roles so that they can maintain benefits, such as scholarships and eligibility. In other words, being a collegiate athlete brings about a multitude of pressures and stressors from handling this dual role, which include but are not limited to, scheduling classes, fatigue, financial pressure, and inflexibility of coaches (Cosh & Tully, 2015). According to the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) (2020), collegiate athletes are only allowed to participate in athletic-related activities for 20 hours per week, four hours a day in season, and eight hours per week during off season (NCAA, 2020). However, previous empirical research has indicated that Division I level collegiate athletes spend about 40 hours per week participating in sport-related activities (Smith & Hardin, 2018). Even though collegiate athletes invest tremendous time and effort in athletics, less than two percent of collegiate athletes become professional athletes after college (NCAA, 2018). For collegiate athletes, both athletic and academic performances require tremendous amounts of efforts due to their intense schedule. That is, it is convoluted for collegiate athletes to have identical motivation or reasons for attending college and participating in their sport. While collegiate athletes strive to balance in both academic and athletic responsibilities, they exhibit various types of motivation factors. According to Doupona Topic (2005), female collegiate athletes seem to be more academically motivated and less athletically motivated compared to male collegiate athletes. Also, Beamon and Bell (2006) found that African American collegiate athletes place less emphasis on academics than athletics, and they place less emphasis on education than Caucasian collegiate athletes. For African American collegiate athletes’ academic underperformance and negative psychosocial experiences can happen due to unwelcoming campus climate, inadequate academic support, and an overemphasis on their athletic roles (Beamon, 2008). As mentioned above, only a few collegiate athletes have a chance to move on to professional sport after their collegiate career. That is, majority of collegiate athletes go through a transitioning process moving out from sport. Numerous studies within the literature support that collegiate athletes often have a difficult time transitioning out of sport (Lally, 2007; Smith & Hardin, 2018). Motivation may be one of the solutions to overcome this abstruse moment. To foster effective and successful higher education environments in collegiate athletics, it is essential to understand what motivates collegiate athletes in their dual roles and how collegiate athletes set up create and implement their goals.
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Kim, Minjung, Brent D. Oja, Han Soo Kim, and Ji-Hyoung Chin. "Developing Student-Athlete School Satisfaction and Psychological Well-Being: The Effects of Academic Psychological Capital and Engagement." Journal of Sport Management 34, no. 4 (July 1, 2020): 378–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsm.2020-0091.
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The quality of a student-athlete’s experience can be a product of the services provided by their sponsoring sport organization. In an attempt to improve the student-athlete experience, this study was positioned to examine how collegiate sport services could use academic psychological capital (PsyCap) and student-athlete engagement to promote school satisfaction and psychological well-being. A total of 248 National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I student-athletes participated in this study. Results indicated that academic classification moderated academic PsyCap’s influence on engagement. In addition, the academic PsyCap of the student-athletes positively influenced school satisfaction and psychological well-being, but student-athlete engagement fully mediated the relationship between academic PsyCap and psychological well-being. This empirical evidence provides new knowledge on the relationships among student-athletes’ motivational cognitive constructs, educational engagement, school satisfaction, and psychological well-being in the context of highly competitive collegiate sports. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed, including incorporating the results with services provided to student-athletes.
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T. Mugambi, Lawrence, Michael W. Okoth, and George O. Abong. "Nutrition and Evidence-Based Foods for Enhancement of Athletic Performance." Galore International Journal of Health Sciences and Research 8, no. 3 (December 20, 2023): 53–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.52403/gijhsr.20230310.
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Adequate Energy intake has been linked to enhanced athletic performance. Apart from energy, protein is a vital nutrient in athletics for its role in repairing worn out tissues and maintenance of positive Nitrogen balance which is essential for good health of the athletes. On the other hand, optimal muscular function requires adequate supply of calcium which also helps in maintenance of healthy, strong bones and prevention of fractures during competition. Sports’ anemia is a major challenge in athletics due to increased loss of iron through sweat. Therefore, athletes need adequate intake of iron to facilitate synthesis of new erythrocytes, maintenance of normal hemoglobin levels and prevention of sports’ anemia. We have aimed at having a comprehensive study on role of nutrition in enhancement of athletic performance. The objectives focused on role of Nutritional supplements, Carbohydrate, Protein, Calcium and Iron in enhancement of athletic performance. Keywords: Sports’ nutrition, Athlete’s nutrition, Athlete’s diet, Sports’ diet, Athlete’s performance.
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Rubin, Lisa M., and Ron A. Moses. "Athletic Subculture Within Student-Athlete Academic Centers." Sociology of Sport Journal 34, no. 4 (December 2017): 317–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ssj.2016-0138.
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Over 400,000 student-athletes participate in NCAA intercollegiate athletics programs. Due to their dual roles as student and athlete, they have a different college experience than the general student population. Specialized academic centers and resources for student-athletes are part of the reason they are separated and often isolated from the rest of campus. Teams have their own unique academic subculture that influences each student-athlete in his or her academic pursuits. The purpose of this study is to explore the athletic academic subculture among student-athletes at the Division I level and the role the athletic academic center and special resources play in cultivating a separate culture from the campus culture. Symbolic interactionism was the framework used as the lens to view the results of this study in the context of neoliberalism.
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He, Kai. "Prediction Model of Juvenile Football Players’ Sports Injury Based on Text Classification Technology of Machine Learning." Mobile Information Systems 2021 (June 10, 2021): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/2955215.
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As the level of soccer in our country has improved rapidly, the level of skill has gradually improved, and the requirements for training of athletes have increased. Due to changes in athlete training methods, it has been decided that athletes must bear a great risk of sports injuries. Accurate prediction of injuries is very important for the development of youth soccer. Based on this, this paper proposes a text classification algorithm based on machine learning and builds a sports injury prediction model that can accurately predict athlete injuries, reduce athlete injuries during training, and be effective. We put forward various sports suitable for young athletes, and put forward some measures to prevent and alleviate athletes’ injuries. This article selects 48 football players from a college of physical education of a university for testing. The athletes participating in the experiment use professional equipment to collect exercise volume and exercise load data, and real-time records of each athlete's physical fitness data within half a year, through the athlete's exercise volume, exercise load, body metabolism, and physical indicators to predict their sports injury. Experiments show that from the degree of injury, it can be seen that the severe injury is the least, with 5 cases of muscle injury, 2 cases of fascia ligament injury, and 1 case of joint injury. There were 25 cases of mild injuries, accounting for 41.0% of the total. This is because the athlete’s sports injury prediction model has better prediction capabilities, allowing athlete coaches and therapists to optimize training courses, ultimately preventing injuries, improving training levels, and reducing rehabilitation costs.
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Hatteberg, Sarah J. "Under Surveillance: Collegiate Athletics as a Total Institution." Sociology of Sport Journal 35, no. 2 (June 1, 2018): 149–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ssj.2017-0096.
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Scholars have identified similarities between collegiate athletics and total institutions for profit-athletes, but few examined the relationship for athletes participating in other sports. Drawing on qualitative data collected from a sample of NCAA Division I athletes participating in four different sports, this study examined how collegiate athletics might approximate a total institution according to Goffman’s 1961 conceptualization. Consistent with Goffman’s conceptualization, athletes experienced 1) an absence of barriers between their spheres of life, 2) insularity of the athletic community, 3) strict schedules, and 4) institutional objectives used to justify totalitarian practices. These aspects of the institution helped to facilitate pervasive surveillance and extensive institutional power and control, aspects of the institution that athletes of all sports types perceived as stressful. These findings suggest that structural aspects of collegiate athletics may operate as ambient strains that could have consequences for athlete well-being, a possibility that should be explored in future research.
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Sin, Tjung Hauw, and Budi Indra Ruslin. "Increasing Long Jump Performance Through Plyometric Exercises." COUNS-EDU: The International Journal of Counseling and Education 4, no. 2 (June 22, 2019): 88. http://dx.doi.org/10.23916/0020190420920.
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AbstractLow athlete’s long jump performance and training that use are not systematic. This study aims to decide the effect of plyometric training on athlete performance. This study was a quasi-experiment comprising 32 athletes taken using a purposive sampling technique. The instrument with the long jump test is under the standard of the Indonesian Athletics Association (PASI), and the data analysis uses t-test. Based on data analysis; there were significant differences in athlete performance before and after being given plyometric training. This study recommends that athletes’ long jump performance be better, one of using Plyometric Exercises.
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Canada, Tracie, Kaitlin Pericak, and Miray D. Seward. "Amateurism as a Narrative of Control." Sports Innovation Journal 3, SI (August 29, 2022): 55–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.18060/26003.
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The National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) uses amateurism as a narrative to control college athletes, which affects how scholars conduct research with these athletes. This article speaks to issues that arise among qualitative researchers at different institutions when universities control access to athletes under the guise of the ‘amateurism’ narrative. Drawing on Bourdieu, we provide insight into the habitus of athletics departments through vignettes from each of the authors to highlight issues of access to the collegiate athlete population. We simultaneously speak against amateurism as a controlling narrative and argue that there is a need for more immersive research among college athletes to better understand athlete lived experiences within these institutions. From our different disciplinary perspectives, we offer three solutions to this issue that involve the integration of qualitative researchers and practitioners to inform programming that directly impacts the athletes on college campuses across the country.
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Dwi Pramesti, Afifah, Hermahayu Hermahayu, and Rayinda Faizah. "Study of identifying factors for the developing measuring instrument on the psychological readiness of athletic athletes." Jurnal SPORTIF : Jurnal Penelitian Pembelajaran 8, no. 3 (October 21, 2022): 17–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.29407/js_unpgri.v8i3.18807.
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In sports psychology, to improve athlete achievement, in addition to physiological factors, other factors influence an athlete's success, namely psychological factors. Psychological readiness is the readiness possessed by athletes before a match or during a match. Psychological readiness is one of the determining factors for the success of athletes in achieving achievements during matches. This study aims to analyze the determinants of the psychological readiness of athletic athletes. The research method uses descriptive qualitative methods with data collection techniques through focus group discussions. In the competition, psychological factors are needed more than physiological factors. This study showed that 90% of psychological factors affect performance in matches, and physiological factors influence 10%. This study found factors related to the psychological readiness of athletic athletes, namely coping, emotional regulation, self-regulation, and self-confidence. Athletes in training and competition need these factors. Problems that can disrupt the psychology of athletes in competing will result in achievements. This study's results can benefit trainers in integrating psychological approaches into physical exercise programs.
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Tricker, Ray, David L. Cook, and Rick McGuire. "Issues Related to Drug Abuse in College Athletics: Athletes at Risk." Sport Psychologist 3, no. 2 (June 1989): 155–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/tsp.3.2.155.
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In recent years drug abuse by college athletes has received greater attention. Because of the recognition of the growing problem of drug use in athletics, the new NCAA drug testing policy, and recent deaths of elite athletes, the sport psychologist should be prepared to deal with this issue. In many college settings the sport psychologist may be expected to provide support with counseling or participate in the development of a drug abuse prevention program for student athletes. Therefore sport psychologists need to closely examine the factors that may predispose athletes toward using drugs, understand the role of prevention, and develop a thorough knowledge of positive, viable alternatives to drugs. This article addresses five important issues that relate to drug abuse in college athletics: (a) why athletes are at risk, (b) athletic leadership and its relationship to substance abuse, (c) the role of the sport psychologist, (d) issues related to the effectiveness of drug education for athletes, and (e) recommendations for athlete drug education programs.
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Taniyev, Olzhas, and Brian S. Gordon. "Crafting a legacy: investigating the retired athlete brand image." International Journal of Sports Marketing and Sponsorship 20, no. 3 (August 5, 2019): 390–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijsms-02-2018-0018.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper exploratory study is to decipher sport consumer associations and sentiments connected to the brand image of retired athletes. Design/methodology/approach In total, 14 sport consumers, who demonstrated an in-depth knowledge of throwback branding tactics and expertise in athlete brand promotion, participated in in-depth semi-structured interviews. Findings The findings indicate there are three prevalent themes across the present data (i.e. epoch epitome, athlete-team connection and off-the-field persona). Originality/value While the proliferation of throwback merchandise and affinity for brands of retired athletes is evident, the internalization of associations related to retired athletes has escaped empirical investigation. Numerous questions concerning how specific facets of a retired athlete’s image (e.g. athletic skills or life off the field) activate nostalgic feelings, drive consumer loyalty and establish market permanence remain unanswered. The current study contributes to the understanding of the brand image of the retired athlete and the existing literature concerning athlete branding.
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Chiu, Weisheng, Jung-Sup Bae, Kwang-Yong Lee, and Doyeon Won. "Priorities and preferences for collegiate athletic goals and processes in South Korea." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 45, no. 3 (April 5, 2017): 517–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.6119.
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We assessed priorities and preferences regarding athletic goals and approval of processes for achieving those goals in South Korean collegiate athletics students. Using a convenience sampling method, we collected data from 730 college students (580 general students and 150 student-athletes) at 4 South Korean universities. We found significant differences between subgroups divided by gender and student status (general students and student-athletes). Female students were more concerned than male students were with the process of creating gender equality and the goal of a diverse organizational culture. Student-athletes were more likely than general students were to consider that athletic departments should focus more on performance goals (e.g., winning) and processes (e.g., attracting athletes) than on athlete well-being. Our findings provide useful information for South Korean athletic administrators to help develop goals and processes that meet the priorities of the key stakeholder group of students.
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Chang, Ko-Hsin, Frank J. H. Lu, Theresa Chyi, Ya-Wen Hsu, Shi-Wei Chan, and Erica T. W. Wang. "Examining the stress-burnout relationship: the mediating role of negative thoughts." PeerJ 5 (December 19, 2017): e4181. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.4181.
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Background Using Smith’s (1986) cognitive-affective model of athletic burnout as a guiding framework, the purpose of this study was to examine the relationships among athletes’ stress in life, negative thoughts, and the mediating role of negative thoughts on the stress-burnout relationship. Methods A total of 300 college student-athletes (males = 174; females = 126, Mage = 20.43 y, SD = 1.68) completed the College Student Athlete’s Life Stress Scale (CSALSS; Lu et al., 2012), the Automatic Thoughts Questionnaire (ATQ; Hollon & Kendall, 1980), and the Athlete Burnout Questionnaire (ABQ; Raedeke & Smith, 2001). Results Correlational analyses found that two types of life stress and four types of negative thoughts correlated with burnout. Additionally, hierarchical regression analyses found that four types of negative thoughts partially mediated the stress-burnout relationship. Discussion We concluded that an athlete’s negative thoughts play a pivotal role in predicting athletes’ stress-burnout relationship. Future study may examine how irrational cognition influences athletes’ motivation and psychological well-being.
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Wulandari, Fifit Yeti. "KONDISI FISIK ATLET LEMPAR CAKRAM (DISCUS THROW) PUSAT LATIHAN NASIOANAL B DI SURABAYA." JSES : Journal of Sport and Exercise Science 4, no. 2 (April 22, 2022): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.26740/jses.v4n2.p1-5.
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Discus throwing really requires good physical condition, especially in discus throwing, it requires flexibility and explosive power and other physical components. Not only explosive power, other physical conditions play a very significant role in discus throwing, including strength, speed, endurance, flexibility, coordination and balance. This research is a quantitative research with an ex-post facto descriptive approach. In this study, the focus was on the physical condition of the PLATNAS B Discus Throwing athletic athletes. The subjects of this study were 4 PLATNAS B Discus Throwing athletes consisting of 3 men and 1 woman. Based on the results of the research, it was concluded that the physical component of the speed of the PLATNAS B Discus Throwing athletes obtained "good" results for 3 athletes (80%) and 1 athlete (20%) "enough". So that it can be concluded that the speed is in the "good" category. The explosive power component of the disc-throwing athlete's limbs PLATNAS B obtained "very good" results 2 athletes (50%) "good" 1 athlete (40%), and "enough" 1 athlete (10%). So it can be concluded that the explosive power of the leg muscles is in the "good" category. The component of the arm muscle strength of the PLATNAS B Discus Throwing athletes obtained "good" results for 3 athletes (70%) and "enough" for 1 athlete (30%). So it can be concluded that the arm muscle strength is in the "good" category. The component of abdominal muscle strength for disc throwing athletes PLATNAS B obtained "good" results for 3 athletes (60%) and "enough" for 1 athlete (40%). So it can be concluded that the strength of the abdominal muscles is in the "enough" category. The component of the reaction speed of the PLATNAS B Discus Throwing athletes obtained "good" results for 3 athletes (60%) and "enough" for 1 athlete (40%). So it can be concluded that the reaction speed is in the "enough" category.
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Haugen, Thomas A., Paul A. Solberg, Carl Foster, Ricardo Morán-Navarro, Felix Breitschädel, and Will G. Hopkins. "Peak Age and Performance Progression in World-Class Track-and-Field Athletes." International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance 13, no. 9 (October 1, 2018): 1122–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2017-0682.
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The aim of this study was to quantify peak age and improvements over the preceding years to peak age in elite athletic contestants according to athlete performance level, sex, and discipline. Individual season bests for world-ranked top 100 athletes from 2002 to 2016 (14,937 athletes and 57,049 individual results) were downloaded from the International Association of Athletics Federations’ website. Individual performance trends were generated by fitting a quadratic curve separately to each athlete’s performance and age data using a linear modeling procedure. Mean peak age was typically 25–27 y, but somewhat higher for marathon and male throwers (∼28–29 y). Women reached greater peak age than men in the hurdles and middle- and long-distance running events (mean difference, ±90% CL: 0.6, ±0.3 to 1.9, ±0.3 y: small to moderate). Male throwers had greater peak age than corresponding women (1.3, ±0.3 y: small). Throwers displayed the greatest performance improvements over the 5 y prior to peak age (mean [SD]: 7.0% [2.9%]), clearly ahead of jumpers, long-distance runners, hurdlers, middle-distance runners, and sprinters (3.4, ±0.2% to 5.2, ±0.2%; moderate to large). Similarly, top 10 athletes showed greater improvements than top 11–100 athletes in all events (1.0, ±0.9% to 1.8, ±1.1%; small) except throws. Women improved more than men in all events (0.4, ±0.2% to 2.9, ±0.4%) except sprints. This study provides novel insight on performance development in athletic contestants that are useful for practitioners when setting goals and evaluating strategies for achieving success.
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Benardot, Dan. "Working with Young Athletes: Views of a Nutritionist on the Sports Medicine Team." International Journal of Sport Nutrition 6, no. 2 (June 1996): 110–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijsn.6.2.110.
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Athletes are influenced by coaches, other athletes, media, parents, the national sport governing body, members of the sports medicine team, and the athlete's own desire for success. It is impossible, therefore, for one member of the sports medicine team to unilaterally determine workable solutions that enhance performance and diminish health problems in an athlete. A focus on ensuring that the athlete can perform to the best of her ability is a key to encouraging discussion between the nutritionist, athlete, and coach. Using the assumption that health and top athletic performance are compatible, this focus on performance provides a discussion point that all parties can agree to and, if approached properly, also fulfills the nutritionist's goal of achieving optimal nutritional status. Membership on the sports medicine team mandates that the nutritionist know the paradigms and health risks associated with the sport and develop assessment and feedback procedures specific to the athlete's needs.
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Vinci, Debra M. "Effective Nutrition Support Programs for College Athletes." International Journal of Sport Nutrition 8, no. 3 (September 1998): 308–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijsn.8.3.308.
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This paper presents an overview of the Husky Sport Nutrition Program at the University of Washington. This program is a component of the Department of Intercollegiate Athletics Total Student–Athlete Program, an NCAA-sponsored CHAMPS/Life Skills Program that provides life skills assistance to student–athletes. Successful integration of a sport nutrition program requires an understanding of the athletic culture, physiological milestones, and life stressors faced by college athletes. The sport nutritionist functions as an educator, counselor, and administrator. Team presentations and individual nutrition counseling provide athletes with accurate information on healthy eating behaviors for optimal performance. For women's sports, a multidisciplinary team including the sport nutritionist, team physician, clinical psychologist, and athletic trainer work to prevent and treat eating disorders. Case studies are presented illustrating the breadth of nutrition-related issues faced by a sport nutritionist working with college athletes.
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Dita, Ari Ulya, Isyani Isyani, and Kurnia Taufik. "ANALISIS UNSUR KONDISI FISIK DOMINAN ATLIT BULUTANGKIS PB. SATRIA DOMPU TAHUN 2021." Gelora : Jurnal Pendidikan Olahraga dan Kesehatan IKIP Mataram 8, no. 2 (March 9, 2022): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.33394/gjpok.v8i2.4923.
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Based on the results of observations and interviews, that the coach does not have data about the state or status of the physical condition of the players. As we all know, coaches need to know this by measuring the physical condition of their players so that coaches can provide and determine the intensity of training systematically. The aim of this study was to determine the physical condition of PB badminton athletes. Satria Dompu in 2021. This research is a type of quantitative research with a descriptive survey research method. The research sample used purposive sampling technique, amounting to 15 people. While the data collection technique was carried out using a test instrument for elements of the dominant physical condition including: abdominal muscle strength, endurance, arm muscle strength, speed, agility, and heart endurance. The results of the study can be concluded: (1) The percentage of the athlete's abdominal muscle strength category is as follows; 1 athlete (6.67%) in very good category, 4 athletes (26.67%) in good category, 8 athletes (53.33%) in moderate category, 2 athletes (13.33%) in poor category. (2) The percentage of the athlete's arm muscle strength endurance category is as follows; 1 athlete (6.67%) in very good category, 8 athletes (53.33%) in good category, and 6 athletes (40%) in moderate category. (3) The percentage of athlete's speed category is as follows; 1 athlete (6.67%) in very good category, 2 athletes (13.33%) in good category, 5 athletes (33.33%) in moderate category, 4 athletes (26.67%) in poor category, and 3 athletes (20 %) very low category. (4) The percentage of agility categories of athletes is as follows; 8 athletes (53.33%) in very good category, and 7 athletes (46.67) in good category. (5) The percentage of athlete endurance category is as follows; 2 athletes (13.33%) in the moderate category, 6 athletes (40%) in the poor category, 2 athletes (13.33%) in the poor category, and 5 athletes (33.33%) in the very poor category
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Andreeva, Albina, Andrey Melnikov, Dmitry Skvortsov, Kadriya Akhmerova, Alexander Vavaev, Andrey Golov, Viktorya Draugelite, et al. "Postural Stability in Athletes: The Role of Age, Sex, Performance Level, and Athlete Shoe Features." Sports 8, no. 6 (June 17, 2020): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sports8060089.
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The effects of different factors—such as age, sex, performance level, and athletic shoe features—on postural balance in athletes remain unclear. The main objective of our study is to identify the features of postural stability in athletes of different age, sex, performance level, and using different types of athletic shoes. This study assessed postural stability in athletes (n = 936, 6–47 years) in a normal bipedal stance with eyes open (EO) and eyes closed (EC). Postural stability was evaluated based on the center of pressure (COP), sway area (AS), and velocity (VCP) while standing on a stabiloplatform. Children (6–12 years) and teen athletes (13–17 years) showed reduced AS-EO (p < 0.01) and VCP-EO (p < 0.01) compared to control (n = 225, 7–30 years). In male and female athletes aged 18+, only VCP-EC was lower versus control. In females (13–17 and 18+), VCP-EO and EC were lower than in males (p < 0.05). Only in the Shooting group, the athletes’ performance levels had an effect on VCP-EO (p = 0.020). Long use of rigid athletic shoes with stiff ankle support was associated with reduced posture stability. Postural stability in athletes was mostly influenced by the athlete‘s age, and, to a lesser extent, by their sex, performance level, and athlete shoe features.
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Safranyos, Sabrina, Laura Chittle, Sean Horton, and Jess C. Dixon. "Academic Timing and the Relative Age Effect Among Male and Female Athletes in Canadian Interuniversity Volleyball." Perceptual and Motor Skills 127, no. 1 (October 15, 2019): 182–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0031512519881598.
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This study examined the moderating effects of academic timing on the relative age effect in men's and women's U Sports (formerly Canadian Interuniversity Sports) volleyball. Interuniversity sport exists within an academic setting and encompasses different age groups within a single team, making it necessary to account for the academic timing of student athletes when studying the relative age effect. To be considered “on-time,” a student athlete's birthdate and expected athletic eligibility status must coincide, while a “delayed” student athlete will have an athletic eligibility corresponding with a younger cohort. We collected birthdates and eligibility years from the U Sports eligibility certificates of 2,780 male and 3,715 female athletes for the years 2006–2007 through 2013–2014; we then classified athletes as either on-time or delayed. We used a chi-square (χ2) goodness-of-fit tests to compare the observed distributions of student athletes' actual versus “expected” births across each quartile. Our analyses demonstrated an advantage for athletes born in the first half of the selection year. These results suggest that delaying entry into university may help equalize the playing field for relatively younger athletes wishing to compete in U Sports volleyball.
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Bonell Monsonís, Oriol, Evert Verhagen, Jean-Francois Kaux, and Caroline Bolling. "‘I always considered I needed injury prevention to become an elite athlete’: the road to the Olympics from the athlete and staff perspective." BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine 7, no. 4 (December 2021): e001217. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjsem-2021-001217.
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In this study, we explored the perspectives about sports injury prevention of Belgium Olympic level athletes, coaches, managers and healthcare providers from various Olympic sports. We conducted a qualitative study, including 17 semistructured interviews. All interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed by two independent coders through constant comparative data analysis based on Grounded Theory principles. Our findings overview the athlete’s journey to becoming an elite athlete, and how an elite sports context influences and modulates injury prevention practice at this level. Participants described an elite athletic career as a continuous and adaptive evolving process. According to athletes and all stakeholders, sports injury prevention is a learning process shaped by individual experiences. This embodiment provides athletes with insight into the importance of ownership of their bodies and self-awareness. Thus, experience, communication, empowerment, knowledge, education, the elite athlete context and sports culture, all play a fundamental role in sports injury prevention. Our findings support the importance of contextual factors in sports injury prevention in an elite sports context. These results also bring practical implications on how we should approach injury prevention differently along an athlete’s journey to becoming an elite athlete. Considering specific contextual factors and influencing the process through awareness, communication and a shared responsibility is essential to develop a healthy and successful athlete.
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Lockhart, Barbara D. "Injured Athletes' Perceived Loss of Identity: Educational Implications for Athletic Trainers." Athletic Training Education Journal 5, no. 1 (January 1, 2010): 26–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4085/1947-380x-5.1.26.
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Context: As educators, athletic trainers should familiarize athletes with the concepts of self-acceptance self-esteem and identity to assuage psychological trauma accompanying injury because the more a person identifies with being an athlete, the more difficult it is to deal with athletic injury. Objective: The objective of this article is to provide practical information to athletic trainers to assist them with their educative role in addressing athletes' identity loss that often accompanies athletic injury. Background: Measures of psychological trauma accompanying physical trauma show that psychological trauma can be extreme. Furthermore, the loss of identity is a major factor for athletes who are dealing with the psychological trauma of athletic injuries. Athletic trainers who assume responsibility to address issues of psychological loss from athletic injury can be a great benefit to the injured individual. Description: The use of the Worth Index, which differentiates between self-acceptance self-esteem and achievement self-esteem, demonstrates that it is possible for people to perceive their personal worth and identity as distinct from their behavior. Athletic trainers are in an excellent position to interact with athletes and utilize specific questions to facilitate dialogue related to identity and self-esteem. Clinical Advantages: In practice, clinical advantages may include improving an athlete's ability to put a physical injury in proper perspective, strengthening their commitment to rehabilitation, and avoiding complications due to emotional trauma. Conclusions: Athletic trainers must recognize their educative responsibilities and assist injured athletes in addressing issues of identify loss.
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Lee, On, So-young Park, and Seung-seok Woo. "Comparative analysis of return rate and career of elite male athlete by type of compulsory military service." Korean Journal of Sport Science 31, no. 3 (September 30, 2020): 593–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.24985/kjss.2020.31.3.593.
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Purpose The purpose of this study is to identify the negative effects of long-term exercise (training and competition) suspension of male elite athletes due to compulsory military service on athletic performance, and to provide a basis for enhancing the importance of providing support systems and social conditions for maintaining athletic performance. Methods In this study, 17,418 male athletes aged 18 to 21 who were registered as athletes for the Korean Sports & Olympic Committee from 2003 to 2005 were enrolled. The athlete registration data includes information about the athlete's gender, age, sport and affiliation. According to the continuity of registration and belonging information, the compulsory military service type was classified into a manipulator. According to the form of Compulsory military service performed by male elite athletes, the return rate was confirmed and the career (year) was calculated. Results As a result of the survey, 12.49% of the athletes who served as general soldiers returned to the athletes after compulsory military service, showing a relatively low return rate compared to 78.91% of the Korea Armed Forces Athletic Corps, 76.55% of the National Police Agency's sports team, and 71.43% of the social service. Also, Athletes who served as general soldiers had a career of 2.46 years (± 1.94), while the Korea Armed Forces Athletic Corps was 10.21 years (± 3.58), the National Police Agency's sports team was 9.45 years (± 3.26), and the social service was 5.86 years (± 4.06), The exemption was 11.08 years (± 2.27), and the compulsory military service exception was 9.79 years (± 5.55). Conclusions Male elite athletes' decrease in athletic performance after compulsory military service is a natural result, as confirmed through the results of this study, and it is necessary to seek a support system between compulsory military service to maintain athletic performance.
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Slaten, Christopher D., Jonathan K. Ferguson, Hayley A. Hughes, and Dominick A. Scalise. "‘Some people treat you like an alien’: Understanding the female athlete experience of belonging on campus." Educational and Developmental Psychologist 37, no. 1 (April 24, 2020): 11–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/edp.2020.5.
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AbstractCollege athletes across north America are often known on their respective college campuses for their athleticism, and spend a considerable amount of hours weekly engaging in their respective sport through practices, meetings, travelling and meals, to name a few. It is no wonder it is difficult for these students to feel fully engaged and connected on university campuses as students. Female college athletes in particular, who often are not athletes in revenue-generating sports, often feel left behind as students and isolated as athletes. The purpose of the current study was to examine female collegiate athletes’ experience with belonging in a university setting. This qualitative inquiry utilised consensual qualitative research to explore 14 female student athletes’ experience of belonging on a university campus. The results of the data analysis yielded the following domains or themes: athletic team culture, athletic department culture, campus support and involvement, female athlete identity, and individual athlete experience. The most salient finding was that these female athletes suggested that their sense of belonging on campus was almost exclusively related to their experience as an athlete and their athletic team.
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Cripps, Ashley J., Luke S. Hopper, and Christopher Joyce. "Can coaches predict long-term career attainment outcomes in adolescent athletes?" International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching 14, no. 3 (June 2019): 324–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1747954119848418.
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Coaches’ subjective perceptions of an athlete's career potential play an important role in the identification and subsequent selection of talented adolescents into or out of development pathways. However, evidence suggests that these perceptions may be biased by variations in athlete maturity. The primary aim of this study was to examine the predictive accuracy of development pathway coaches’ perceptions when tasked with identifying adolescent athlete’s long-term potential within the Australian Football talent pathway. A secondary aim was to explore if the maturational status of adolescent athletes influenced the accuracy of coaches’ long-term career attainment predictions. This observational study initially recruited adolescent athletes (n = 264) and their coaches (n = 9) from teams involved in a state-based Australian Football competition. At the initial testing sessions, estimates for biological maturity were undertaken for all athletes and coaches were asked to rate the perceived long-term career attainment potential of their athletes via a questionnaire. Four years after this initial questionnaire, the research team retrospectively examined each athlete’s highest level of competition attained. Coaches correctly predicted the level of career attainment for 63% of athletes, demonstrating a fair level of agreement (κ = 0.25, 95% CI = −0.16–0.35, p < 0.001) between coach perception and actual career progression outcomes. The coaches’ greatest level of predictive accuracy was for late maturing athletes (79% accuracy), while the poorest was for the early maturing athletes (52% accuracy). The findings of this study highlight the complexity associated with correctly identifying athletes with long-term performance potential at early stages of development pathways.
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Buerba, Rafael A., Stefano Zaffagnini, Ryosuke Kuroda, and Volker Musahl. "ACL reconstruction in the professional or elite athlete: state of the art." Journal of ISAKOS: Joint Disorders & Orthopaedic Sports Medicine 6, no. 4 (February 16, 2021): 226–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jisakos-2020-000456.
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Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries are on the rise at all levels of sport, including elite athletics. ACL injury can have implications on the athlete’s sport longevity, as well as other long-term consequences, such as the development of future knee osteoarthritis. In the elite athlete, ACL injury can also have ramifications in terms of contract/scholastic obligations, sponsorships and revenue-generating potential. Although the goal of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) is to return any athlete to the same preinjury level of sport, management of ACL injuries in the elite athlete come with the additional challenge of returning him or her to an extremely high level of physical performance. Despite outcome studies after ACLR in elite athletes showing a high return-to-sport rate, these studies also show that very few athletes are able to return to sport at the same level of performance. They also show that those athletes who undergo ACLR have careers that are more short-lived in comparison to those without injury. Thus, returning an elite athlete to ‘near peak’ performance may not be good enough for the athletic demands of elite-level sports. A possible explanation for the variability in outcomes is the great diversity seen in the management of ACL injuries in the elite athlete in terms of rehabilitation, graft choices, portal drilling and reconstruction techniques. Recently, the advent of anatomical, individualised ACLR has shown improved results in ACLR outcomes. However, larger-scale studies with long-term follow-ups are needed to better understand the outcomes of modern ACLR techniques—particularly with the rise of quadriceps tendon as an autograft choice and the addition of lateral extra-articular tenodesis procedures. The purpose of this article was thus to provide an up-to-date state-of-the-art review in the management of ACL injuries in the elite athlete.
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Milroy, Jeffrey J., David L. Wyrick, Lindsey Sanders, Erin Refisteck, and Emily Beamon. "Student-athlete concussion disclosure and coach communication within collegiate athletics." Journal of Concussion 3 (January 2019): 205970021989410. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2059700219894104.
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Background Between 1.6 and 3.8 million sports- and recreation-related concussions occur in the United States annually. Reports indicate that a significant number of athletes who have experienced symptoms of a potential sport-related concussion did not disclose their symptoms. Aims The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of coach communication about concussion disclosure on student-athlete intentions to disclose symptoms of a concussion and encourage another student-athlete to disclose their concussion symptoms. Methods A total of 2881 student-athletes completed a web-based survey during Fall of 2016. Multiple linear regression was conducted to primarily investigate the relationship between coach communication and intentions to disclose concussion symptoms. Secondarily, biological sex, year in school, athletic division, and sport category was also assessed. Results Coach communication predicted greater intentions to disclose symptoms to their coach, athletic trainer/sports medicine sports medicine staff member and encourage another athlete to disclose their symptoms of a concussion. Biological sex and sport category also predicted intentions to disclose concussion symptoms. Discussion Findings from this study provide support for the important role coaches play in an athlete’s regarding concussion safety and introduces preliminary evidence suggesting the impact of coach communication on athlete intentions to disclose concussion symptoms to a coach or athletic trainer/sports medicine staff member. Conclusion Future studies and behavioral interventions ought to consider the inclusion of coach communication or other coach-related variables when exploring concussion disclosure among athletes.
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Anderson, Bailey, Kaitlin Burgess, Bruno Giordani, and James Eckner. "A video review of cognitive factors contributing to concussive impacts in sport." Neurology 93, no. 14 Supplement 1 (September 30, 2019): S12.3—S13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/01.wnl.0000580948.37531.56.
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ObjectiveTo explore cognitive factors contributing to concussive impacts in athletes.BackgroundCognitive training programs are becoming an increasingly popular strategy for improving athletic performance. Such programs may have potential to decrease athletes’ concussion risk by improving athletes’ ability to avoid and appropriately react to imminent impacts in the athletic environment. Understanding what cognitive factors contribute to concussive impacts may provide insight into the most appropriate cognitive training regimens for concussion risk reduction.Design/MethodsYouTube videos depicting 100 concussive impacts in athletes were identified via Google video search. Two reviewers independently classified the primary cognitive factor contributing to each impact as one of the following: useful field of view (UFOV, unanticipated/unrecognized impacts coming from outside the athlete’s field of view), field dependence (FD, unanticipated/unrecognized impacts resulting from the athlete’s attention being so focused on an athletic task that the pending impact was not recognized), processing speed (PS, anticipated/recognized impacts occurring too quickly for the athlete to complete an evasive or protective maneuver), or motion perception (MP, anticipated/recognized impacts occurring with sufficient time to respond but associated with a poorly planned or implemented motor response). Descriptive statistics were calculated.Results98 videos were reviewed to yield 100 concussive impacts. 98% of the concussed athletes were males. Concussions occurred during American football (53%), ice hockey (29%), soccer (3%), basketball (3%), as well as 9 other sports (12%). The most commonly contributing cognitive factor was MP (32%), followed by FD (30%), UFOV (23%), and PS (15%).ConclusionsMultiple cognitive factors contribute to concussive impacts in athletes, with MP and FD being the most common in our sample. Cognitive training programs intending to reduce concussion risk in athletes should not focus only on one cognitive factor. Future work should also explore differences between sports and positions.
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Ntomali, Stavroula, Maria Psychountaki, Miltiades Kyprianou, and Chrysoula Chairopoulou. "The Moderation Effect of Athletic Maturity on the Association between Perceived Leadership Behavior and Athlete Satisfaction." International Journal of Psychological Studies 9, no. 4 (October 17, 2017): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijps.v9n4p24.
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Perceived leadership behavior and athlete satisfaction are integral constructs in the multidimensional leadership model. The aim of the present study was to examine the moderation effect of athletic maturity on the association between perceived leadership behavior and athlete satisfaction in synchronized swimming athletes. The sample was comprehensive, as it included all 165 Greek synchronized swimming athletes participating in national championships and elite athletes from the national teams participating in international events. Athletic maturity was classified according to the athletes’ category into comen, junior and senior. Athlete satisfaction was measured with Athletes Satisfaction Scale and perceived leadership behavior was assessed with the Leadership Scale for Sports-Perceived edition. The questionnaires were completed at the end of the competitive season at the athletes’ training grounds. Results showed that the strength of association between perceived leadership behavior and athlete satisfaction is significantly greater in the senior category as compared to the comen and junior categories. This association proves to be stronger for the dimension of satisfaction with leadership that is adequately explained by the factors of social support and training and instruction. The findings provide support to the notion that athletic maturity is a moderator of the effect of perceived leadership behavior on athlete satisfaction.
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Miller, Patricia S., and Gretchen A. Kerr. "The Role Experimentation of Intercollegiate Student Athletes." Sport Psychologist 17, no. 2 (June 2003): 196–219. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/tsp.17.2.196.
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This study examined the role experimentation of university student athletes using in-depth interviews. The results revealed participants’ role experimentation was limited to three spheres: athletic, academic, and social. Participants’ exploration of and commitment to roles revealed a two-stage model of identity formation. The first stage, Over-Identification with the Athlete Role, revealed a singular focus on athletics that persisted throughout much of the participants’ university careers. The second stage, Deferred Role Experimentation, reflected an increased investment in academic and social roles in the participants’ upper years. Results were consistent with previous findings of an athletic identity among intercollegiate student-athletes (Brewer, Van Raalte, & Linder, 1993), but supported Perna, Zaichkowsky, and Bocknek’s (1996) suggestion that identity foreclosure may have been overgeneralized.
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Benish, Diane, Jody Langdon, and Brian Culp. "Examination of Novice Coaches’ Previous Experience as Athletes: Examples of Autonomy Support and Controlling Behaviors as Influences on Future Coaching Practice." International Sport Coaching Journal 8, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 48–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/iscj.2019-0031.
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As part of a coach’s informal learning process, previous athletic experience is a foundational element of an athlete’s future coaching career, determining the perspectives, beliefs, and behaviors the coach will use in their interactions with athletes. Although it is investigated more generally, previous athletic experience is rarely considered in understanding specific coaching behaviors related to supporting athletes’ needs and motivation. This study investigated 15 novice coaches’ personal athletic and coaching experiences to determine how these experiences influenced their own coaching practice with regard to the engagement in autonomy-supportive and/or controlling behaviors. The interview data revealed that novice coaches used their past experiences to inform their practice in the following three ways: (a) experienced controlling behaviors as an athlete, which transferred to a desire to be more autonomy supportive in coaching; (b) experienced controlling behaviors as an athlete, which transferred to a desire to be more controlling in coaching; and (c) experienced autonomy-supportive behaviors as an athlete, which transferred to a desire to be more autonomy supportive in coaching. These results suggest the importance of considering previous athletic experience as an antecedent to coaches’ engagement in autonomy-supportive behaviors.
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Owens, Brett D., Julie Agel, Sally B. Mountcastle, Kenneth L. Cameron, and Bradley J. Nelson. "Incidence of Glenohumeral Instability in Collegiate Athletics." American Journal of Sports Medicine 37, no. 9 (June 25, 2009): 1750–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0363546509334591.
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Background Glenohumeral instability is a common injury sustained by young athletes. Surprisingly, little is known regarding the incidence of glenohumeral instability in collegiate athletes or the relevant risk factors for injury. A better understanding of the populations most at risk may be used to develop preventive strategies. Hypothesis The incidence of glenohumeral instability in collegiate athletics is high, and it is affected by sex, sport, type of event, and mechanism of injury. Study Design Descriptive epidemiologic study. Methods The National Collegiate Athletic Association injury database was queried for all glenohumeral instability events occurring between the years 1989 and 2004. An analysis of the injuries was performed by sport, activity (competition versus practice), sex, type of event (primary versus recurrent), mechanism of injury, and time loss from athletic performance. Incidence rates and incidence rate ratios were calculated. Results A total of 4080 glenohumeral instability events were documented for an incidence rate of 0.12 injuries per 1000 athlete exposures. The sport with the greatest injury rate was men's spring football, with 0.40 injuries per 1000 athlete exposures. Overall, athletes sustained more glenohumeral instability events during games than practices (incidence rate ratio [IRR], 3.50; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.29-3.73). Male athletes sustained more injuries than did female athletes (IRR, 2.67; 95% CI, 2.43-2.93). Female athletes were more likely to sustain an instability event as the result of contact with an object (IRR, 2.43; 95% CI, 2.08-2.84), whereas male athletes were more likely to sustain an event from player contact (IRR, 2.74; 95% CI, 2.31-3.25). Time lost to sport (>10 days) occurred in 45% of glenohumeral instability events. Conclusion Glenohumeral instability is a relatively common injury sustained by collegiate athletes. More injuries occurred during competition and among male athletes.
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Weng, Yanghui, and Chen Cheng. "Associations among coachâ–“athlete relationships, psychological safety, and psychological well-being in college athletes." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 51, no. 11 (November 1, 2023): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.12771.
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The coachâ–“athlete relationship influences an athlete's psychological well-being; however, little is known about the psychological mechanisms involved in the relationship between these variables. This study emphasized the mediating role of psychological safety in the relationship between the coachâ–“athlete relationship and athletes’ psychological well-being. Participants were 372 college athletes from five Chinese universities, who completed a paper-and-pencil questionnaire in which they assessed their coachâ–“athlete relationship, psychological safety, and psychological well-being. Results of structural equation modeling indicated there was a positive relationship between a positive coachâ–“athlete relationship and an athlete's psychological well-being, and that psychological safety partially mediated this relationship. This study extends the conclusions of prior research and provides new insights into how the coachâ–“athlete relationship affects athletes’ psychological well-being.
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Wandik, Yos, Dina Dina, Tri Setyo Guntoro, Sutoro Sutoro, Oscar Oswald Oktovianus Wambrauw, Fitrine Christiane Abidjulu, Semuel Piter Irab, et al. "Interrelation of mental toughness, religiosity, and happiness of elite adolescent athletes based on gender, type of sport, and level of education." Retos 56 (May 24, 2024): 981–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.47197/retos.v56.103469.
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There are no studies that comprehensively discuss mental toughness, religiosity, and satisfaction based on gender, type of sport, and different school levels, especially in the context of elite youth athletes. In fact, this variable is believed to be a very important construct in relation to athletes' performance and achievements on the field. The purpose of this research is to explore athlete’s mental toughness, religiosity, and life happiness based on gender, type of sport, and school level. A total of 97 elite youth athletes were included in the study (age = 15.22 ± 1.34; F = 36, M = 61). Research data were collected using standard instruments used by scientists around the world, namely the Mental Toughness Index (MTI), Spirituality in Sports Test (SIST), and Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS). Analysis of variance, correlation, and path analysis were used to understand more deeply the three research variables based on the athlete’s gender, type of sport, and school level. This study found that there was a significant difference only in the athlete's religiosity variable based on school level (F = 6.212, p ≤ .01). Athletes' mental toughness has a significant relationship with religiosity (r = .343; ρ = .323; p ≤ .01) and happiness in life (r = .340; ρ = .200; p ≤ .01). Apart from that, it also appears that religiosity has a significant relationship with happiness in life (r = .475; ρ = .406; p ≤ .01) and athlete age is significantly correlated with religiosity (r = .233; ρ = .200; p ≤ .05). Athletes' mental toughness has a significant relationship directly to satisfaction and indirectly through religiosity. These three variables have an important role in competitive sports so coaches or athlete coaches need to provide psychological intervention to improve these three variables. Keywords: elite youth athletes, mental toughness, religiosity, satisfaction.