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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Atem'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 10 February 2022

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1

Basum, Golo von. "Infrarot-cavity-leak-out-Spektroskopie höchstempfindliche Echtzeit-Spurengasanalytik /." [S.l. : s.n.], 2004. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=971956626.

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2

Gössele, Isabell. "Das Kino des Ang Lee im Atem des verborgenen Drachen." Marburg Tectum-Verl, 2008. http://d-nb.info/996543252/04.

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3

Westermann, Antje, Nicole Stadie, and Ulrike Frank. "Messung der Atem-Schluck-Koordination während normalem Schluck und unter Anwendung des Mendelsohn-Manövers." Universität Potsdam, 2011. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2011/5428/.

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4

Harun, Mohd Haniff. "A study on the shoot-root relationships in spring barley (Hordeum vulgare cv. Atem)." Thesis, Bangor University, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.295300.

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5

Dahnke, Hannes. "Hochempfindlicher Spurengasnachweis in der Atmosphäre und im menschlichen Atem mittels Infrarot-cavity-ring-down-Spektroskopie." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2002. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=963938606.

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6

Schubart, Martin A. "Die Kurzzeitanästhesie mit Alphaxalon/Alphadolon bei der Gerfalken-Wanderfalkenkreuzung - Anästhesiequalität und Einfluss auf Atem- und Stoffwechselparameter -." Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2005. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-33983.

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Unter standardisierten Bedingungen wurden sechzehn weibliche Hybride aus Gerfalken (Falco rusticolus) und Wanderfalken (Falco peregrinus) mit 9 mg/kg Körpermasse (KM) des Kombinationspräparates Alphaxalon/Alphadolon anästhesiert; die Applikation erfolgte in die Vena ulnaris. Das Alter der Tiere betrug vier Jahre und die durchschnittliche KM 1204,71 ± 70,46 g. Alle in die Untersuchung einbezogenen Tiere waren klinisch gesund. Folgende Parameter wurden einmal präanästhetisch, einmal im Verlauf der Anästhesie, sowie einmal postanästhetisch bestimmt: Körperinnentemperatur, Herzfrequenz, Atemfrequenz, endexspiratorische Kohlendioxidkonzentration, periphere Sauerstoffsättigung, venöse Blutgase und Säure-Basenstatus. Zusätzlich wurden in regelmäßigen Intervallen Reflexe, Muskeltonus und Schmerzempfinden überprüft. Auf die kurze Einleitphase (< 10 s) folgte eine für kleinere chirurgische Eingriffe ausreichende Toleranzphase (8,6 ± 1,1 min). Die Aufwachphase betrug 32,0 ± 4,0 min. Während der Anästhesie kam es zu einem hochsignifikanten Anstieg des venösen Kohlendioxid-Partialdruckes (42,94 ± 9,20 mmHg auf 57,13 ± 8,06 mmHg; p 0,001). Er wurde durch einen hochsignifikanten Anstieg der Atemfrequenz (27,56 ± 3,67 Züge/min auf 60,25 ± 14,75 Züge/min; p 0,001) adäquat kompensiert, so dass der venöse pH-Wert nur auf 7,34 abfiel und der venöse Sauerstoff-Partialdruck, sowie das Standardbikarbonat während des Beobachtungszeitraumes keiner signifikanten Veränderung unterlagen. Die Befunde zeigen, dass das Kombinationspräparat Alphaxalon/Alphadolon für Ger-/Wanderfalkenhybriden zur Kurzzeitanästhesie für weiterführende Diagnostik, kurze chirurgische Eingriffe oder zur Prämedikation einer Inhalationsanästhesie in oben genannter Dosierung empfohlen werden kann, wobei die Kürze der Einleitphase besonders hervorzuheben ist. Bei Tieren mit Hepatopathien ist von der Verwendung der Anästhetikakombination wegen einer möglichen verzögerten Metabolisierung abzusehen
Sixteen female gyr- (falco rusticolus) and peregrine falcon (falco peregrinus) crossbreeds were anaesthetised with 9 mg/kg bodymass of the combinated anaesthetic alphaxalone/alphadolone, applicated into the brachial vein. The birds were 4 years of age and the mean bodymass was 1204,71 ± 70,46 g. All the birds included in this study were clinically healthy. The following parameters were measured once before, once during and once after anaesthesia: Body temperature, heart rate, respiratory rate, end-tidal carbon dioxide (pCO2), arterial oxygen saturation (O2-Sat.), venous blood-gas and acid/base-status. Additionally body reflexes, muscle relaxation and pain stimuli were checked at regular intervals. Following the short induction time (<10 s), a surgical plane of anaesthesia long enough for minor surgery (8,6 ± 1,1 min) was achieved. The recovery time lasted 32,0 ± 4,0 min. During anaesthesia the pvCO2 significantly increased from initially 42,94 ± 9,2 mmHg to 57,13 ± 8,06 mmHg. It was adequately compensated by an increase of the respiratory rate from initially 27,56 ± 3,67 min.-1 to 60,25 ± 14,75 min.-1, so that the venous pH-value dropped only to 7,34. The pvO2 and standard bicarbonate did not change significantly during observation. These results suggest that the combinated anaesthetic alphaxalone/alphadolone can be recommended at the dosage mentioned above as short-term anaesthesia for diagnostic measures, minor surgical procedures or premedication to inhalation anaesthesia. The brief induction time should be emphasized. It is advisable to be careful in animals with liver diseases, where this combination could underly a reduced metabolism
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7

Jäckel, Annemarie, and Ulrike Frank. "Effekte des Mendelsohn Manövers auf die Atem-Schluck-Koordination : eine Untersuchung der intra-individuellen Variation bei gesunden Erwachsenen." Universität Potsdam, 2012. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2012/6249/.

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8

Rydman, Oskar. "Integration of Borehole, Ground, andAirborne Data to Improve Identificationof Areas With Quick Clays in Sweden." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Geofysik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-445689.

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The main focus of the project was the comparison of results from a new towed transientelectromagnetic (tTEM) data set with existing data including airborne transient EM(ATEM), radio magnetotellurics (RMT), cone penetration test with resistivity (CPT-R),geotechnical interpretations and geological observations in a quick clay landslide site atFråstad close to Lilla Edet in south-west Sweden. The tTEM data set was processedand inverted twice in the software Aarhus workbench using different inversion constraintsand settings. The resulting resistivity models where compared with previous geophysicalmodels based on both ATEM and RMT as well as geotechnical information in the form ofborehole logs and CPTR measurements. The results compared well with all other modelsand predicts resistivities in the range of 10−40Ωmin areas of interpreted to hold quickclay by geotechnical methods. As a ground geophysical method the tTEM method is fastand cost-effective, particularly in more open areas with little topographical variations. Inthe example presented in this study tTEM measurements are deemed an effective andaccurate tool to map areas of potential quick clay using the inverted resistivity models incombination with other geological and geotechnical data.
Huvudsyftet med detta projekt är en sammanställning och jämförelse mellan resistivitetsmod-eller från ett nytt markburet TEM data set (tTEM) och tidigare insamlade luftburnaTEM data (ATEM), RMT (radiomagnetotellurik) samt detaljerade resistivitetsmätningari borrhål (CPT-R). Mätområdet ligger i Fråstad vid Göta älv i Lilla Edets kommun isydvästra Sverige. Tidigare undersökningar har visat att området innehåller kvickleraoch där förekommer även skredärr från tidigare kvickleraskred. tTEM datan bearbe-tades,filtrerades och inverterades med hjälp av mjukvaran Aarhus workspace med tvåolika set av begränsningar och inställningar. De resulterande resistivitetsmodellerna jäm-fördes med tidigare geofysiska metoder i ATEM och RMT samt med geoteknisk infor-mation i formen av borrhålsloggar samt CPTR mätningar. Resultatet visar en mycketgod korrelation mellan resistivitetsmodellerna från de olika dataseten. De modelleraderesistiviteterna var 10−40Ωm för de områden som med geotekniska metoder identifieratssom kvickleraområden. Som en markbunden metod är tTEM snabb och kostnadseffektiv,särskilt vid användning i öppna ytor med liten topografisk variation. I exemplen somvisas i denna studie dras slutsatsen att tTEM är ett effektivt och noggrant verktyg föratt hitta områden som potentiellt kan hålla kvickleror. Där kan sedan de resulteranderesistivitetsmodellerna användas tillsammans med annan geoteknisk och geologisk dataför att effektivt kartlägga dessa kvicklersområden.
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9

Loetz, Sara [Verfasser]. "Evaluation des Einflusses akuten postoperativen Schmerzes auf Parameter der Herzfrequenzvariabilität, Blutdruck sowie Atem- und Herzfrequenz bei Kindern / Sara Loetz." Kiel : Universitätsbibliothek Kiel, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1074139089/34.

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10

Steer-Reeh, Angela [Verfasser], and Ch F. [Akademischer Betreuer] Poets. "Wirkung von farbigem Licht auf die Herzfrequenzvariabilität und den Puls-Atem-Quotienten gesunder Probanden / Angela Steer-Reeh ; Betreuer: Ch. F. Poets." Tübingen : Universitätsbibliothek Tübingen, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1160600635/34.

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11

Suh, Young-Sook. "Das Zeitalter des Irrationalen die Darstellung des Faschismus und seiner Ursachen in Heinrich Manns Romanen Empfang bei der Welt und Der Atem." Marburg Tectum-Verl, 2006. http://deposit.d-nb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=2929655&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm.

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12

Suh, Young-Sook. "Das Zeitalter des Irrationalen : die Darstellung des Faschismus und seiner Ursachen in Heinrich Manns Romanen Empfang bei der Welt und Der Atem /." Marburg : Tectum-Verl, 2007. http://deposit.d-nb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=2929655&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm.

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13

Goméz, Gallardo Edgar Enrique. "Factores estratégicos de recursos y capacidades que hacen competitivas a las pequeñas empresas industriales. Caso: ATEM PERÚ, Parque Industrial Infantas de Lima Norte." Master's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2011. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/15221.

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Expone la importancia de los recursos y capacidades al interior de las empresas en estudio, PYMES industriales del Parque Industrial Infantas de Lima Norte, asociadas a ATEM PERÚ. Como recurso tangible, la utilización de tecnología es una de las variables esenciales para la diferenciación, cuanto más avanzada es, mayor será su contribución a la competitividad de la empresa. Asimismo, destaca como recurso intangible la importancia de la variable imagen o reputación que debe tener la empresa con sus colaboradores, los clientes, el sistema financiero y con la comunidad. Dentro del factor de las capacidades, la formación profesional de los empresarios y la capacitación de los colaboradores son de influencia transversal como factores claves que contribuyen a desarrollar las capacidades organizacionales para la competitividad de la empresa, donde resaltan la importancia de la experiencia, la identificación, el compromiso y la creatividad. Éstas son algunas características que contribuyen a la generación del stock diferencial; es decir, aquella potencialidad singular, clave o especial que marca la diferencia entre una empresa y otra, contribuyendo a la obtención de un rendimiento superior.
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14

Janssen, Matthias Hubert Verfasser], Murat [Akademischer Betreuer] [Gutachter] Bas, and Henning [Gutachter] [Bier. "Ursachen und Risikofaktoren akuter Angioödeme der oberen Atem-Schluckstraße : - eine retrospektive Studie - / Matthias Hubert Janssen ; Gutachter: Murat Bas, Henning A. Bier ; Betreuer: Murat Bas." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1123729123/34.

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15

Neidenbach, Rhoia Clara [Verfasser], Renate [Akademischer Betreuer] Oberhoffer, Harald [Gutachter] Kaemmerer, and Renate [Gutachter] Oberhoffer. "Atem - Training bei Kindern und Jugendlichen mit univentrikulärem Herzen nach palliativer TCPC Operation / Rhoia Clara Neidenbach ; Gutachter: Harald Kaemmerer, Renate Oberhoffer ; Betreuer: Renate Oberhoffer." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1153545705/34.

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Neidenbach, Rhoia Clara Verfasser], Renate [Akademischer Betreuer] [Oberhoffer, Harald [Gutachter] Kaemmerer, and Renate [Gutachter] Oberhoffer. "Atem - Training bei Kindern und Jugendlichen mit univentrikulärem Herzen nach palliativer TCPC Operation / Rhoia Clara Neidenbach ; Gutachter: Harald Kaemmerer, Renate Oberhoffer ; Betreuer: Renate Oberhoffer." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2017. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:91-diss-20171214-1356892-1-6.

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17

Knapp-Rudolph, Monika [Verfasser], and Manfred [Akademischer Betreuer] Amelang. "ATEM. Adaptiver Test zur Erfassung von Emotionsmanagement ; Weiterentwicklung und Konstruktvalidierung eines EDV-gestützten Verfahrens zur Erfassung eines Bereiches Emotionaler Intelligenz als Fähigkeit / Monika Knapp-Rudolph ; Betreuer: Manfred Amelang." Heidelberg : Universitätsbibliothek Heidelberg, 2009. http://d-nb.info/1180544676/34.

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18

Roux, Matthew John. "ATOM : a distributed system for video retrieval via ATM networks." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/21327.

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The convergence of high speed networks, powerful personal computer processors and improved storage technology has led to the development of video-on-demand services to the desktop that provide interactive controls and deliver Client-selected video information on a Client-specified schedule. This dissertation presents the design of a video-on-demand system for Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) networks, incorporating an optimised topology for the nodes in the system and an architecture for Quality of Service (QoS). The system is called ATOM which stands for Asynchronous Transfer Mode Objects. Real-time video playback over a network consumes large bandwidth and requires strict bounds on delay and error in order to satisfy the visual and auditory needs of the user. Streamed video is a fundamentally different type of traffic to conventional IP (Internet Protocol) data since files are viewed in real-time, not downloaded and then viewed. This streaming data must arrive at the Client decoder when needed or it loses its interactive value. Characteristics of multimedia data are investigated including the use of compression to reduce the excessive bit rates and storage requirements of digital video. The suitability of MPEG-1 for video-on-demand is presented. Having considered the bandwidth, delay and error requirements of real-time video, the next step in designing the system is to evaluate current models of video-on-demand. The distributed nature of four such models is considered, focusing on how Clients discover Servers and locate videos. This evaluation eliminates a centralized approach in which Servers have no logical or physical connection to any other Servers in the network and also introduces the concept of a selection strategy to find alternative Servers when Servers are fully loaded. During this investigation, it becomes clear that another entity (called a Broker) could provide a central repository for Server information. Clients have logical access to all videos on every Server simply by connecting to a Broker. The ATOM Model for distributed video-on-demand is then presented by way of a diagram of the topology showing the interconnection of Servers, Brokers and Clients; a description of each node in the system; a list of the connectivity rules; a description of the protocol; a description of the Server selection strategy and the protocol if a Broker fails. A sample network is provided with an example of video selection and design issues are raised and solved including how nodes discover each other, a justification for using a mesh topology for the Broker connections, how Connection Admission Control (CAC) is achieved, how customer billing is achieved and how information security is maintained. A calculation of the number of Servers and Brokers required to service a particular number of Clients is presented. The advantages of ATOM are described. The underlying distributed connectivity is abstracted away from the Client. Redundant Server/Broker connections are eliminated and the total number of connections in the system are minimized by the rule stating that Clients and Servers may only connect to one Broker at a time. This reduces the total number of Switched Virtual Circuits (SVCs) which are a performance hindrance in ATM. ATOM can be easily scaled by adding more Servers which increases the total system capacity in terms of storage and bandwidth. In order to transport video satisfactorily, a guaranteed end-to-end Quality of Service architecture must be in place. The design methodology for such an architecture is investigated starting with a review of current QoS architectures in the literature which highlights important definitions including a flow, a service contract and flow management. A flow is a single media source which traverses resource modules between Server and Client. The concept of a flow is important because it enables the identification of the areas requiring consideration when designing a QoS architecture. It is shown that ATOM adheres to the principles motivating the design of a QoS architecture, namely the Integration, Separation and Transparency principles. The issue of mapping human requirements to network QoS parameters is investigated and the action of a QoS framework is introduced, including several possible causes of QoS degradation. The design of the ATOM Quality of Service Architecture (AQOSA) is then presented. AQOSA consists of 11 modules which interact to provide end-to-end QoS guarantees for each stream. Several important results arise from the design. It is shown that intelligent choice of stored videos in respect of peak bandwidth can improve overall system capacity. The concept of disk striping over a disk array is introduced and a Data Placement Strategy is designed which eliminates disk hot spots (i.e. Overuse of some disks whilst others lie idle.) A novel parameter (the B-P Ratio) is presented which can be used by the Server to predict future bursts from each video stream. The use of Traffic Shaping to decrease the load on the network from each stream is presented. Having investigated four algorithms for rewind and fast-forward in the literature, a rewind and fast-forward algorithm is presented. The method produces a significant decrease in bandwidth, and the resultant stream is very constant, reducing the chance that the stream will add to network congestion. The C++ classes of the Server, Broker and Client are described emphasizing the interaction between classes. The use of ATOM in the Virtual Private Network and the multimedia teaching laboratory is considered. Conclusions and recommendations for future work are presented. It is concluded that digital video applications require high bandwidth, low error, low delay networks; a video-on-demand system to support large Client volumes must be distributed, not centralized; control and operation (transport) must be separated; the number of ATM Switched Virtual Circuits (SVCs) must be minimized; the increased connections caused by the Broker mesh is justified by the distributed information gain; a Quality of Service solution must address end-to-end issues. It is recommended that a web front-end for Brokers be developed; the system be tested in a wide area A TM network; the Broker protocol be tested by forcing failure of a Broker and that a proprietary file format for disk striping be implemented.
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19

Hofmann, Julian. "Heralded atom-atom entanglement." Diss., Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-164847.

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20

Haffad, Abdelkrim. "Angular momentum transfer in electron-atom and atom-atom collisional ionization." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/29826.

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21

Sun, Bo. "Theoretical studies of atom-atom, atom-photon and photon-photon entanglement." Diss., Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2006, 2006. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/etd-10272006-091504/.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2007.
You Li, Committee Chair ; Citrin David, Committee Member ; Kuzmich Alex, Committee Member ; Fox Ronald, Committee Member ; Chapman Michael, Committee Member.
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22

Pax, Paul Henry 1958. "Few-atom effects in atom optics." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/288794.

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Despite the many advances and achievements in the fields of atom optics and atom cooling, there remains a wealth of dynamical detail to be filled in. While the main features of the important phenomena of atomic cooling, trapping and manipulation by electromagnetic fields are well understood, there are interesting subsidiary effects that are worth our attention. An example, which we discuss in Ch. 5 is the discovery that atomic diffusion in optical lattices may not follow the normal diffusion equation. The work reported in this dissertation represents an investigation into possible few-body effects in some atom optical configurations of interest. The effects of indistinguishability, through the exchange force, on atomic diffraction by standing wave light fields is considered in Ch. 2. In Ch. 3, after a brief overview of atomic collisions in light fields, we look at the role that the dipole-dipole interaction might play, again in atomic diffraction. Chapters 4 and 5 are concerned with optical lattices, and lay the ground work for a study of the effect of the dipole-dipole interaction on the dynamics of atoms confined in such lattices.
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23

Ateme-Nguema, Barthélemy H. "Conception optimale des cellules de fabrication flexibles basée sur l'approche par réseaux de neurones." Mémoire, École de technologie supérieure, 2007. http://espace.etsmtl.ca/548/1/ATEME%2DNGUEMA_Barth%C3%A9lemy_Hugues.pdf.

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Cette thèse propose une heuristique hybride de résolution des problèmes de formation cellulaire. Notre approche en trois étapes s'amorce par la sélection du meilleur cheminement de fabrication en mettant l'accent sur la minimisation des coûts opérationnels. La seconde phase forme les ateliers de fabrication en utilisant un réseau de neurones de type Hopfield quantifié et fluctuant jumelé à une méthode d'optimisation locale représentée par « la recherche avec les tabous ». L'ultime phase de cette heuristique fut centrée sur la réduction ou l'élimination des transferts intercellulaires par la mise en place d'un équilibre entre maintenir les transferts, dédoubler les machines permettant ces transferts et recourir à la sous-traitance. Sur la base des simulations réalisées, nous obtenons des solutions réalisables 100% du temps alors que les meilleures dispositions sont déterminées 68 fois sur 100. De plus, notre approche est, en moyenne, 22 à 30 fois plus rapide qu'un réseau de Hopfield classiques dont les neurones prennent des valeurs discrètes ou continues.
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Menzel, Thomas. "Elektronentranslation in Atom-Atom-Stössen bei niedriger Energie." [S.l. : s.n.], 2000. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=959598227.

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25

Spratt, David James. "Electron loss and excitation in atom-atom collisions." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.287429.

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Featonby, Paul. "Atom interferometry." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.390459.

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27

Hofmann, Julian [Verfasser], and Harald [Akademischer Betreuer] Weinfurter. "Heralded atom-atom entanglement / Julian Hofmann. Betreuer: Harald Weinfurter." München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1047062313/34.

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28

Hüper, Andreas [Verfasser]. "Accurate atom counting for entanglement-enhanced atom interferometry / Andreas Hüper." Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1211083845/34.

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Holst, B. "Atom optics and surface growth studies using helium atom scattering." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.604194.

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The first part of thesis investigates the application of electrostatically deformed single crystal membranes as focusing elements for a neutral atomic beam in an ultra high resolution diffractometer. The second part demonstrates the versatility of helium as a surface science tool in a study of the growth of ultra thin Cu-films on Pt(111). Chapter 1 gives an introduction to the subject of atom focusing with an overview of the various methods hitherto applied. Chapter 2 presents a theoretical framework for the application of a focusing element in an ultra high resolution diffractometer. An off axis reflected ray equation is derived from which aberration coefficients are obtained and used to determine the best obtainable performance. Chapter 3 presents equations for calculating deformation of radically symmetric thin plates (membranes). Furthermore interferometry experiments are presented which investigate the deformation of single crystal Au(100) and Si(100) in varying fields. The films mechanical properties are discussed, and contourmaps obtained from the interferometry experiments used in computer simulations to evaluate their focusing properties. Chapter 4 contains the experimental methods and sample preparation of the two types of samples used here. The Pt(111) and the Si(111)-H(1 x 1) eventually chosen for the mirror. In particular a new mount specially designed for the focusing mirror is described in detail.
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30

Volz, Jürgen. "Atom-Photon Entanglement." Diss., lmu, 2006. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-56356.

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31

Goldstein, Elena Vladimirovna 1962. "Nonlinear atom optics." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/289255.

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In contrast to electromagnetic fields, matter-wave fields are intrinsically interacting due to the presence of atom-atom collisions. Hence, matter-wave optics becomes effectively nonlinear as soon as the atomic densities are high enough that collisions can no longer be ignored. The goal of this dissertation is to study selected aspects of atom optics under such conditions. Specifically, Chapter 2 studies the near-resonant dipole-dipole interaction between two atoms in tailored vacua. In contrast to spontaneous emission, whose rate is known to be influenced by the type of vacuum the atom interacts with, we find that the dipole-dipole potential is determined only by the free space vacuum and is not modified either by thermal or squeezed vacua. In addition in the far off-resonance regime we find that the squeezed vacuum results in an additional contribution to the effective potential governing the evolution of the atomic ground state. In the second part of the dissertation, which comprises Chapter 3, we then study several aspects of the many-body theory of atomic ultracold systems in situations where the nonlinearity arises due to the two-body dipole-dipole interaction. After a formal theoretical development we discuss the possibility of using atomic phase conjugation off Bose condensates as a diagnostic tool to access the spatial coherence properties and to measure the lifetime of the condensate. We argue that phase conjugation provides an attractive alternative to the optical methods of probing condensate proposed in the past. We further study the elementary excitations in a multicomponent Bose condensates and determine the quasi-particle frequency spectrum. We show that in that case interferences resulting from cross-coupling between the condensate components can lead to a reversal of the sign of the effective two-body interaction and to the onset of spatial instabilities.
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32

MacDonald, Fred G. R. S. "Positronium - atom scattering." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.268233.

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33

Kash, Michael Mason. "Rydberg atom diamagnetism." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/14367.

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34

Byrd, Tommy. "Ballistic atom pumps." W&M ScholarWorks, 2015. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539623999.

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Researchers have long been interested in electron transport through mesojunctions containing time-dependent potential energies, a process often called "quantum pumping." A useful model of such a system is a ballistic atom pump, which consists of two reservoirs of neutral ultracold atoms connected by a channel containing oscillating repulsive potential-energy barriers. Under certain conditions, such pumps can create net transport of atoms from one reservoir to the other, and energy can be pumped out of or into each reservoir even when there is no net particle transport. These pumps are studied from classical and quantum-mechanical perspectives, and semiclassical theory is used to explain some scattering properties which are not easily explained by quantum theory. This system is also a nice model of chaotic transport. Escape-time plots showing the time for classical trajectories to escape the barrier region display a type of fractal self-similarity. A topological theory using a discrete map of the system in the phase plane is developed, and this theory predicts and explains the features seen in escape-time plots.
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35

Perreault, John D. "Using Atom Optics to Measure van der Waals Atom-Surface Interactions." Diss., Tucson, Arizona : University of Arizona, 2005. http://etd.library.arizona.edu/etd/GetFileServlet?file=file:///data1/pdf/etd/azu%5Fetd%5F1317%5F1%5Fm.pdf&type=application/pdf.

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36

Gangloff, Dorian Armand. "Nanocontacts controlled atom-by-atom in an ion-crystal friction emulator." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/104459.

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Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, 2016.
This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 187-200).
Friction is the basic, ubiquitous mechanical interaction between two surfaces that results in resistance to motion and energy dissipation. To test long-standing atomistic models of friction processes at the nanoscale, we implemented a synthetic nanofriction interface between a laser-cooled Coulomb crystal of individually addressable ions as the moving object and a periodic light-field potential as the substrate. Through a variety of experiments presented in this thesis, we show atom-by-atom and with high spatial resolution that friction at the nanoscale can substantially differ from the simple phenomenological laws observed at the macroscale. Namely, we show that atomic-scale stick-slip friction can be tuned from maximal to nearly frictionless via arrangement of the ions relative to the periodic potential, and study the associated transition in transport dynamics as manifested by the propagation of kinks. We show that friction depends on velocity and temperature, in excellent agreement with simple analytical models, and that in the appropriate velocity regime, the dynamics can be observed in a way that is effectively at zero-temperature. We also establish a direct link between Aubry's structural transition for an infinite chain in an incommensurate periodic potential, and the vanishing of friction in nanocontacts. Our model system enables a microscopic and systematic investigation of friction, potentially even into the quantum many-body regime.
by Dorian Armand Gangloff.
Ph. D.
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37

Keehan, Michael Stephen. "Termolecular ion-atom association." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/29445.

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38

Miroshnychenko, Yevhen. "An atom sorting machine." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2006. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=98096489X.

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39

Patton, Forest S. "Coherent atom beam diffraction /." view abstract or download file of text, 2005. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/uoregon/fullcit?p3190537.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2005.
Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 81-83). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.
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Ding, Shijie. "Atom transfer radical polymerization." Laramie, Wyo. : University of Wyoming, 2006. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1225138911&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=18949&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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41

Taylor, Byron Brooks 1965. "Topics in atom optics." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/289433.

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This dissertation covers the field of atom optics and is divided into four main chapters: In Chapter 2 we investigate the effects of light forces on the center-of-mass motion of two-level atoms. This will lead to the discussion of two regimes: the "ray optic" and the "wave optic" regime. In the first case, an atom is well localized in the field which allows a comparison to be made with classical ray optics. In the second case, the atom is strongly delocalized which leads to a wave treatment and allows a comparison with diffractive optics. We finish this chapter with an example in each regime: Doppler cooling for ray optics and an atomic Fabry-Perot for wave optics. In Chapter 3 we extend the results of the previous chapter to the diffraction of atoms by a standing light field. We cover three regimes in the near resonant Kapitza-Dirac effect: the Raman-Nath, the Bragg and the optical Stern-Gerlach regime. In the Raman-Nath and Bragg regimes, the wave-packet is strongly delocalized compared to the period of the standing wave. In contrast, the Stern-Gerlach regime has a small spatial extent. The Raman-Nath and Bragg regimes are differentiated in their treatment of the kinetic energy. Initially we only discuss coherent interactions. In the later half of this chapter we introduce spontaneous emission and show how its presence affects the diffraction pattern in each of these regimes. In Chapter 4 we cover various atomic cooling schemes: strong field Sisyphus cooling, adiabatic cooling, evaporative cooling, polarization gradient cooling and velocity selective coherent population trapping. We begin with a brief discussion of atomic temperature. We then cover two cooling schemes for two-level atoms. We eventually move to multi-level atoms and end this chapter with a two-atom multi-level system. In Chapter 5 we conclude with a brief discussion of practical uses and devices that may arise from atom optics such as lenses, mirrors, gravitational interferometry, lithography and atomic clocks.
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Patel, Akshay. "Intense laser atom interactions." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.341059.

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43

Vernier, Aline. "Phase dependent atom optics." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2011. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/2560/.

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Quantum interference in atomic media has elicited interest for a very wide range of investigations and applications. As well as being a fascinating effect in itself, it also found applications in spectroscopy, nonlinear optics and has recently been drawing attention in the field of quantum optics for the realisation of sources of entangled photons, optical switching, and quantum information storage. The work presented in this thesis consists of two main projects centred around the theme of quantum interference in atomic processes. As cooled atomic vapours provide favourable conditions for the investigation of coherent phenomena, a magneto-optical trap was built for the future study of quantum interference in four-level link- ages. The number of trapped atoms is estimated to be ≈ 8 × 10^8, and the density to be ≈ 10^9 atoms per cubic centimetre. This represents the first stage of an ongoing study of quantum interference in four-level linkages. However, coherent effects can also be observed in hot vapours. A spontaneous, highly efficient, frequency up-conversion arising from four-wave mixing can indeed be observed in Rubidium. This complex phenomenon was investigated experimentally and theoretically so as to improve the conversion efficiency, and understand the underlying physics. The optimum conditions found in this study yield 1 mW of converted light for 40 mW of pumping light. As part of the study of the phase coherence of the process, the conversion of spatial modes in the four-wave mixing process was also examined. The observation of the transfer of orbital angular momentum in the process is reported, and a preliminary theoretical interpretation is presented.
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Scott, Martin. "Atom : squeezed light interactions." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.268311.

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45

Hayes, W. W. "Atom scattering from metals." Connect to this title online, 2009. http://etd.lib.clemson.edu/documents/1263396718/.

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46

Witham, Philip James. "Pinhole Neutral Atom Microscopy." PDXScholar, 2013. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1407.

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This work presents a new form of microscopy, the instrument constructed to demonstrate it, the images produced and the image contrast mechanisms seen for the first time. Some of its future scientific potential is described and finally, recent work towards advancing the method is discussed. Many forms of microscopy exist, each with unique advantages. Of several broad categories that they could be grouped into, those that use particle beams have proven very generally useful for micro and nano-scale imaging, including Scanning Electron, Transmission Electron, and Ion Beam microscopes. These have the disadvantage, however, of implanting electric charges into the sample, and usually at very high energy relative to the binding energy of molecules. For most materials this modifies the sample at a small scale and as we work increasingly towards the nano-scale, this is a serious problem. The Neutral Atom Microscope (NAM) uses a beam of thermal energy (under 70 meV) non-charged atoms or molecules to probe an atomic surface. For several decades scientists have been interested in this possibility, using a focused beam. Scattering of neutral atoms provides a uniquely low-energy, surface-sensitive probe, as is known from molecular beam experiments. We have developed a new approach, operating with the sample at a close working distance from an aperture, the need for optics to focus the beam is obviated. The demonstrated, practical performance of this "Pinhole" NAM exceeds all other attempts by great lengths by many measures. The unique images resulting and contrast mechanism discoveries are described. The future potential for nano-scale resolution is shown.
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47

Szmuk, Ramon. "Atom chips for metrology." Thesis, Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066089/document.

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Cette thèse porte sur deux sujets principaux: l'évaluation de la stabilité d'une horloge sur microcircuit utilisant des atomes piégés (Trapped Atom Clock on a Chip - TACC) et l'extension de cette technologie vers la réalisation d'un interféromètre atomique sur la même puce. Cette combinaison constitue la base pour la réalisation de capteurs inertiels intégrés pour la navigation. Des travaux antérieurs ont installé l'horloge et ont découvert, entre autres, des temps de cohérence très longs, qui permettent une interrogation Ramsey jusqu'à 5 s, une condition préalable pour le fonctionnement à grande stabilité. Je présente ici la première évaluation approfondie de la stabilité de l'horloge. Avec mon prédécesseur, nous avons démontré les fluctuations de fréquences relatives de 5.8 10-13 à 1 s intégrant jusqu'à 6 10-15 à 30000 s.La deuxième partie de cette thèse vise à étendre la polyvalence de notre puce atomique pour créer un interféromètre. J'ai étudié divers régimes d'interféromètres en utilisant des potentiels habillés par microondes. Le premier régime consiste à déplacer l'un des états d'horloge verticalement pendant une séquence d'horloge Ramsey. Ceci permet la mesure de gradients de potentiel en exploitant la différence de fréquences entre les deux états. Le second régime utilise des champs microondes pour générer un potentiel de double puits dans l'un des états d'horloge et un seul puits dans l'autre.À partir du seul puits, un pulse-π sur la transition d'horloge constitue la séparatrice de l'interféromètre et conduit une séparation spatiale tout en préservant le même état interne pour les deux bras de l'interféromètre
This thesis covers two main subjects: the evaluation of the stability of a Trapped Atom Clock on a Chip (TACC) and the expansion of this technology towards creating an atom interferometer on the same chip. The combination of a clock and an interferometer on the same chip constitutes the basis for the realization of atom-based integrated inertial navigation units. Previous work installed the clock operation and discovered, among others, very long coherence times, which allow Ramsey interrogations of up to 5 s, a prerequisite for high stability operation. I present the first thorough evaluation of the clock stability. Together with my predecessor we have demonstrated relative frequency fluctuations of 5.8 10-13 at 1 s integrating down to 6 10-15 at 30,000 s. The second part of this thesis aims to expand the versatility of our atom chip to create an atom interferometer. I have studied various interferometer schemes using microwave dressed potentials and implemented these to the set-up. The first scheme, following work by P. Treutlein et al., involves displacing one of the clock states vertically during a Ramsey clock sequence thereby allowing the measurement of potential gradients by exploiting the differential frequency shift accumulated between the two states. Ramsey fringes where recorded for different durations of the splitting, resulting in a clear signal of the wavepacket separation. The second scheme uses microwave dressing to generate a double well potential in one of the clock states and a single well in the other. Starting in the single well, a π-pulse on the clock transition constitutes the beam splitter and leads to a spatial separation for the same internal state
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48

Trupke, Michael. "Microcavities for atom chips." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.491114.

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This thesis describes the development and implementation of fibre-coupled, micron-scale optical resonators for the detection and manipulation of neutral atoms. The resonators are intended for integration with atom chips. The latter are microfabricated devices which enable the cooling, trapping, gUiding and manipulation of atoms by means of optical, magnetic and electric fields. The fields are generated in part using micro-fabricated features on the surface of the chips. Optical cavities are among the most important tools in the study of the interactions between light and matter. They allow the observation of fundamental processes in quantum optics, based on the enhanced coupling of atomic transitions to light fields. Our resonators have mode volumes which are two orders of magnitude smaller than those used in typical cavity quantum electrodynamics experiments. Together with their high quality factors, this leads to large enhancement factors, rendering them ideal for the detection and manipulation of atoms on chips. They are scalable and directly fibre-coupled, both of which are qualities of interest for their implementation in quantum information-processing applications. In the thesis, the optical characteristics of the resonators are explained, as well as the basic principles of the interaction of atoms with their light field. The setup used for the test implementation of the devices is presented, together with early experimental results. These include the detection of atoms via their effect on the cavity reflection spectrum, and the detection of enhanced atomic fluorescence into the cavity mode. The thesis concludes with an outlook on further experimentation, possible improvements of the devices themselves, and a view on their integration with existing atom chip technology.
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49

Sieker, Anke. "Oxygen atom transfer reactions." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/12933.

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Oxygen atom transfer reactions in a series of early transition metal complexes in both solution and solid state were investigated, with a particular interest in O-atom transfer processes from bonded NOx (x= 1,2,3) ligands to adjacent carbonyl groups. The main objective was the synthesis and characterisation of new mixed CO/NO2- species. In Chapter 1 a general review of oxygen atom transfer reactions involving CO and NOx is given. Chapter 2 presents the results gained from reactions of M2(CO)10, ClM(CO)5 and several other carbonyl halides {M=Mn, Re} with [PPN][NO2]/[PPh4][NO2]. Chemical activation by (CH3)3NO prior to interaction with [PPN][NO2]/PPh4][NO2] has also been investigated. Complexes isolated and characterised by IR spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction include [(OC)3Mn(μ2-NO(O))2(μ2-O(NO))Mn(μ2-NO(O))2(μ2-O(NO))Mn(CO)3](PPN)2, {[CIRe(CO)3(NO2)2]C1[(CH3)3NCH2C1]3} and [Re(CO)3(ONO)3](PPN)2. Compounds such as Mn2(CO)8(PPh3)2, [Mn(CO)4C1(PPh3)] and [trans-Mn(CO)3C1(PPh3)2] substituted in part by tertiary phosphines have been tested towards their reactivity with [PPN][NO2]/[PPh4][NO2]. Reaction pathways are discussed on the basis of detailed IR spectroscopy studies. In Chapter 2.3. reactions of M(CO)6, [M(CO)5C1](Et4) {M= Cr, Mo and W} and [(OC)3Mo(μ2-C1)3Mo(CO)3](NEt4)2 with [PPN][NO2]/[PPh4](NO2] are presented. Mixed CO/NO2 species were prepared for all three metals and structurally characterised in the solid state in form of [M(CO)5(NO2)](PPh4) {M=Cr and W}. Mixed CO/NO complexes of Manganese (2.1.3.) and Chromium (2.3.2.) have been synthesised and their reactions with O2 investigated. Oxidation of the nitrosyl ligands was observed in both cases and possible reaction mechanisms are presented.
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Rozas, Assael Tamara. "Ates en el contexto de la Ley SEP: una aproximación a los factores asociados a la resistencia/no resistencia de las escuelas hacia a la ATE." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2012. http://www.repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/116412.

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Magíster en Análisis Sistémico Aplicado a la Sociedad
En el entendido de que a mayor vulnerabilidad socioeconómica se necesitan mayores recursos para generar resultados educativos, el año 2008 se promulga la Ley de Subvención Escolar Preferencial (SEP), que otorga una subvención adicional a los establecimientos según su cantidad y concentración de alumnos vulnerables, bajo el compromiso de que mejoren sus resultados educativos. Esta ley institucionaliza la Asistencia Técnica Educativa (ATE) como una estrategia clave para el mejoramiento educativo. Pese a la gran cantidad de servicios contratados y recursos públicos invertidos, no existe evidencia sustantiva del éxito de iniciativas similares anteriores a nivel nacional. Por el contrario, existen antecedentes nacionales e internacionales de la dificultad de generar cambios sostenibles en las escuelas a partir de este tipo de estrategias. Una de las dificultades es la resistencia de las escuelas hacia la intervención. Por este motivo se decidió indagar en los factores asociados a la generación de resistencia de las escuelas hacia la ATE en el contexto de la ley SEP. Se utilizó un enfoque metodológico de tipo mixto que, por medio de un estudio de casos colectivo, comparó la experiencia de dos grupos de escuelas, uno con y otro sin resistencia hacia la ATE. El principal hallazgo es que la dinámica de resistencia no depende sólo ni principalmente del desempeño de la ATE. La resistencia es un resultado de una superposición de factores que, en tanto marcos contextuales, actúan como mecanismos selectivos del procesamiento del “mundo ATE” construido desde las escuelas. En esta superposición de factores, la política educativa juega un rol central al constituirse como un marco contextual determinante en este proceso
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