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Academic literature on the topic 'Asymptotic emergence'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 11 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Asymptotic emergence"

1

Percacci, Roberto, and Gian Paolo Vacca. "Asymptotic safety, emergence and minimal length." Classical and Quantum Gravity 27, no. 24 (November 29, 2010): 245026. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0264-9381/27/24/245026.

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Kumar, Ranjith R., S. Rahul, Y. R. Kartik, and Sujit Sarkar. "Emergence of parity time symmetric quantum critical phenomena." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2038, no. 1 (October 1, 2021): 012016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2038/1/012016.

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Abstract Emergence of different interesting and insightful phenomena at different length scale is the heart of quantum many-body system. We show that the physics of parity-time (PT) symmetry is one new addition to them. We show explicitly that the emergence of different topological excitation at different length scale for the PT symmetry system through the analysis of renormalization group (RG) flow lines. We observe that the higher order RG process favour the emergence of asymptotic freedom like behaviour and also show the effect of strong correlation on the emergent phases. Interestingly, the asymptotic freedom like behaviour is favoured by PT symmetry phase of the system. Moreover, we also derive the scaling relation for the couplings in RG equations. These findings can be tested experimentally in ultracold atoms.

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Gross, D. D. "The discovery of asymptotic freedom and the emergence of QCD." Uspekhi Fizicheskih Nauk 175, no. 12 (2005): 1306. http://dx.doi.org/10.3367/ufnr.0175.200512e.1306.

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GROSS, DAVID J. "THE DISCOVERY OF ASYMPTOTIC FREEDOM AND THE EMERGENCE OF QCD." International Journal of Modern Physics A 20, no. 25 (October 10, 2005): 5717–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x05029009.

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Gross, D. J. "The discovery of asymptotic freedom and the emergence of QCD." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 102, no. 26 (June 20, 2005): 9099–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0503831102.

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Cho, Junghee, Seung-Yeal Ha, Feimin Huang, Chunyin Jin, and Dongnam Ko. "Emergence of bi-cluster flocking for the Cucker–Smale model." Mathematical Models and Methods in Applied Sciences 26, no. 06 (April 12, 2016): 1191–218. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218202516500287.

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We present the mathematical analysis of bi-cluster flocking phenomenon for the short-ranged Cucker–Smale model with some well-prepared initial data. For this, we derive a system of differential inequalities for the functionals measuring the local spatial and velocity fluctuations and differences of local velocity averages, and then estimate the upper bound of spatial fluctuations and the lower bound of the difference between local velocity averages. We explicitly present an admissible class of initial configurations leading to the asymptotic emergence of bi-cluster flocking phenomenon. Unlike global flocking (a mono-cluster flocking configuration in velocity), where the convergence rate is always exponential, the asymptotic convergence to bi-cluster flocking configurations is affected by the far-field decay rate of communication weights so that it can be algebraic.

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Ha, Seung-Yeal, Kiseop Lee, and Doron Levy. "Emergence of time-asymptotic flocking in a stochastic Cucker-Smale system." Communications in Mathematical Sciences 7, no. 2 (2009): 453–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4310/cms.2009.v7.n2.a9.

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NINK, ANDREAS, and MARTIN REUTER. "ON QUANTUM GRAVITY, ASYMPTOTIC SAFETY AND PARAMAGNETIC DOMINANCE." International Journal of Modern Physics D 22, no. 05 (April 2013): 1330008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218271813300085.

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We discuss the conceptual ideas underlying the Asymptotic Safety approach to the nonperturbative renormalization of gravity. By now numerous functional renormalization group (RG) studies predict the existence of a suitable nontrivial ultraviolet (UV) fixed point. We use an analogy to elementary magnetic systems to uncover the physical mechanism behind the emergence of this fixed point. It is seen to result from the dominance of certain paramagnetic-type interactions over diamagnetic ones. Furthermore, the spacetimes of quantum Einstein gravity (QEG) behave like a polarizable medium with a "paramagnetic" response to external perturbations. Similarities with the vacuum state of Yang–Mills theory are pointed out.

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Gross, David J. "Nobel Lecture: The discovery of asymptotic freedom and the emergence of QCD." Reviews of Modern Physics 77, no. 3 (September 7, 2005): 837–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/revmodphys.77.837.

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Hernandez, X., and A. J. Lara-D I. "Asymptotic kinematics of globular clusters: The emergence of a Tully–Fisher relation." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 491, no. 1 (November 19, 2019): 272–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz3038.

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ABSTRACT Using a recent homogeneous sample of 40 high-quality velocity dispersion profiles for Galactic globular clusters, we study the regime of low gravitational acceleration relevant to the outskirts of these systems. We find that a simple empirical profile having a central Gaussian component and a constant large-radius asymptote, σ∞, accurately describes the variety of observed velocity dispersion profiles. We use published population synthesis models, carefully tailored to each individual cluster, to estimate mass-to-light ratios from which total stellar masses, M, are inferred. We obtain a clear scaling, reminiscent of the galactic Tully–Fisher relation of $\sigma _{\infty }[\, \mathrm{km \, s}^{-1}]= 0.084^{+0.075}_{-0.040} (\mathrm{{\it M}/M}_{\odot })^{0.3 \pm 0.051}$, which is interesting to compare to the deep modified Newtonian dynamics (MOND) limit of $\sigma _{\infty } [\mathrm{km \, s}^{-1}]=0.2(\mathrm{{\it M}/M}_{\odot })^{0.25}$. Under a Newtonian interpretation, our results constitute a further restriction on models where initial conditions are crafted to yield the outer flattening observed today. Within a modified gravity scheme, because the globular clusters studied are not isolated objects in the deep MOND regime, the results obtained point towards a modified gravity where the external field effect of MOND does not appear, or is significantly suppressed.

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Books on the topic "Asymptotic emergence"

1

Model emergent dynamics in complex systems. Philadelphia: Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, 2015.

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Batterman, Robert W. Devil in the Details: Asymptotic Reasoning in Explanation, Reduction, and Emergence. Oxford University Press, Incorporated, 2001.

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Batterman, Robert W. Devil in the Details: Asymptotic Reasoning in Explanation, Reduction, and Emergence. Oxford University Press, 2002.

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Batterman, Robert W. The Devil in the Details: Asymptotic Reasoning in Explanation, Reduction, and Emergence (Oxford Studies in the Philosophy of Science). Oxford University Press, USA, 2006.

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The Devil in the Details: Asymptotic Reasoning in Explanation, Reduction, and Emergence (Oxford Studies in the Philosophy of Science). Oxford University Press, USA, 2001.

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Horing, Norman J. Morgenstern. Quantum Mechanical Ensemble Averages and Statistical Thermodynamics. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198791942.003.0006.

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Chapter 6 introduces quantum-mechanical ensemble theory by proving the asymptotic equivalence of the quantum-mechanical, microcanonical ensemble average with the quantum grand canonical ensemble average for many-particle systems, based on the method of Darwin and Fowler. The procedures involved identify the grand partition function, entropy and other statistical thermodynamic variables, including the grand potential, Helmholtz free energy, thermodynamic potential, Gibbs free energy, Enthalpy and their relations in accordance with the fundamental laws of thermodynamics. Accompanying saddle-point integrations define temperature (inverse thermal energy) and chemical potential (Fermi energy). The concomitant emergence of quantum statistical mechanics and Bose–Einstein and Fermi–Dirac distribution functions are discussed in detail (including Bose condensation). The magnetic moment is derived from the Helmholtz free energy and is expressed in terms of a one-particle retarded Green’s function with an imaginary time argument related to inverse thermal energy. This is employed in a discussion of diamagnetism and the de Haas-van Alphen effect.

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Anitescu, Magdalena, and Chirag Shah. The Vasovagal Reflex and Neuraxial Techniques. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190271787.003.0042.

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Syncope, or the transient loss of consciousness, is one of the leading causes of emergency department visits. Syncope can be neurally mediated, orthostatic, cardiac, or cerebrovascular. Neurally mediated vasovagal syncope is the most frequent form. Diagnostic modalities are tilt- table testing and implantable loop recorders. Therapeutic options usually begin with supportive measures, such as a fluid bolus or changing patient positioning, but complex cases may require vasoactive agents or placement of a pacemaker. In many situations patients who present to the operating room for various surgeries may suffer from asymptomatic neurally mediated syncope. Regional anesthetic techniques and interventional pain procedures can complicate syncope by superimposing sympathectomy.

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Kölker, Stefan. Glutaric Aciduria Type I. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199972135.003.0021.

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Glutaric aciduria type I is a rare organic aciduria caused by inherited deficiency of glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase, a mitochondrial enzyme involved in the final common catabolic pathways of L-lysine, L-hydroxylysine, and L-trytophan. The majority of untreated patients develop striatal injury and secondary dystonia during infancy and childhood, whereas identification by newborn screening and immediate start of metabolic treatment (low-lysine diet, carnitine supplementation, metabolic emergency treatment) helps to prevent severe neurological complications in the majority of patients. The morbidity and mortality of dystonic patients is high, whereas asymptomatic patients have normal life expectancy. Effective antidystonic treatment requires a multidisciplinary approach. In a subgroup of patients, first clinical symptoms (headaches, vertigo, gait disturbance, hand tremor) may not manifest before adulthood. Cranial MRI studies in these patients reveal T2 hyperintensities of supratentorial white matter. A few women with glutaric aciduria type I have had unremarkable pregnancies, deliveries, and postpartal periods.

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Lavalle, Carlo, Renato Pietro Ricci, and Massimo Santini. Conduction disturbances and pacemaker. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199687039.003.0055.

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The most frequent clinical conditions complicated by bradyarrhythmias or atrioventricular blocks seen in an emergency setting are the degeneration of the conduction system, acute myocardial infarction, drug toxicity, and hyperkalaemia. Pacemaker malfunction is another cause of potentially life-threatening bradyarrhythmias. The presence of signs/symptoms of hypoperfusion and the localization of the block condition the therapeutic approach. Treatment of bradyarrhythmias and atrioventricular block in a critical care setting may be preventative or therapeutic. A preventative approach is necessary when the risk of a sudden block with an inadequate ventricular escape rhythm is present, but the patient is asymptomatic. Symptomatic patients require immediate treatment. If the block is located at His bundle level or at bundle branch level, atropine may be ineffective and may even worsen the degree of the block. If drug administration is ineffective, transvenous temporary pacing is indicated. Transcutaneous cardiac pacing is another temporary method of pacing indicated in various critical clinical settings.

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Demetriades, Demetrios, Leslie Kobayashi, and Lydia Lam. Cardiac complications in trauma. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199687039.003.0062.

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Post-traumatic cardiac complications may occur after penetrating or blunt injuries to the heart or may follow severe extracardiac injuries. The majority of victims with penetrating injuries to the heart die at the scene and do not reach hospital care. For those patients who reach hospital care, an immediate operation, sometimes in the emergency room, cardiac injury repair, and cardiopulmonary resuscitation provide the only possibility of survival. Many patients develop perioperative cardiac complications such as acute cardiac failure, cardiac arrhythmias, coronary air embolism, and myocardial infarction. Some survivors develop post-operative functional abnormalities or anatomical defects, which may not manifest during the early post-operative period. It is essential that all survivors undergo detailed early and late cardiac evaluations. Blunt cardiac trauma encompasses a wide spectrum of injuries that includes asymptomatic myocardial contusion, arrhythmias, or cardiogenic shock to full-thickness cardiac rupture and death. Clinical examination, electrocardiograms, troponin measurements, and echocardiography are the cornerstone of diagnosis and monitoring of these patients. Lastly, some serious extracardiac traumatic conditions, such as traumatic pneumonectomy and severe traumatic brain injury, may result in cardiac complications. This may include tachyarrhythmias, cardiogenic shock, electrocardiographic changes, troponin elevations, heart failure, and cardiac arrest.

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Book chapters on the topic "Asymptotic emergence"

1

Zenil, Hector, and Jürgen Riedel. "Asymptotic Intrinsic Universality and Natural Reprogrammability by Behavioural Emulation." In Emergence, Complexity and Computation, 205–20. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-33924-5_9.

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Sutherland, Mark E., and Joseph P. Martinez. "The Asymptomatic AAA: When to Be Concerned and What to Tell Your Patient?" In Gastrointestinal Emergencies, 85–87. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-98343-1_25.

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Perera, P. C. "Global Asymptotic Controllability of Polynomial Switched Systems and Their Switching Laws." In Emergent Problems in Nonlinear Systems and Control, 239–51. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-03627-9_14.

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Gross, David. "Asymptotic Freedom and the Emergence of QCD." In The Rise of the Standard Model, 199–232. Cambridge University Press, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511471094.013.

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GROSS, DAVID J. "THE DISCOVERY OF ASYMPTOTIC FREEDOM AND THE EMERGENCE OF QCD." In At The Frontier of Particle Physics, 89–120. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812810458_0008.

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Lampl, Brooke, Nkeiruka Orajiaka, and Meika Eby. "Drooling, Drooling, Drooling All the Way Home." In Pediatric Emergency Radiology, 67–74. Oxford University PressNew York, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780197628553.003.0007.

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Abstract Foreign body (FB) ingestion is a common complaint in patients 6 months to 5 years old. Acute foreign body ingestions can present in many ways, from completely asymptomatic to drooling, difficulty swallowing, choking, respiratory distress, vomiting, and food refusal. Chronic foreign bodies may present with fever, hematemesis, hematochezia, chronic cough, or weight loss. There may be a patient reported history or caregiver-witnessed ingestion; for others, you may need to rely on symptoms and clinical suspicion. The most commonly ingested objects in children are coins, toys, jewelry, and batteries. Button batteries, magnets, and sharp objects require special attention as they are associated with increased morbidity.

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Zelhart, Matthew D., and Ronald L. Nichols. "Diverticulitis." In Schlossberg's Clinical Infectious Disease, edited by Cheston B. Cunha, 364–69. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190888367.003.0054.

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This chapter assesses diverticulitis. Diverticulosis coli is an anatomic abnormality of mucosal outpouchings in the colonic wall. Colonic diverticula are often asymptomatic, and the prevalence varies greatly with such factors as geographic location, dietary habits, race, and age. The diagnosis of diverticulosis is often made incidentally in otherwise asymptomatic patients at the time of routine surveillance endoscopy or on imaging for other reasons. Most of these patients require only counseling about the need for prophylactic measures such as a fiber-rich diet, adequate fluid consumption, and the prevention of constipation. Meanwhile, symptomatic diverticulosis presents as two categories. The first is bleeding, in the form of lower gastrointestinal hemorrhage. The second is inflammation in the form of diverticulitis. Even when clinical manifestations of diverticulosis occur, emergent surgical intervention is necessary in only a minority of patients. During such life-threatening emergencies, the physician must be prepared to resuscitate the patient quickly and proceed to surgical intervention without benefit of a definite diagnosis.

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Marks, Daniel, and Marcus Harbord. "Complications of cirrhosis and portal hypertension." In Emergencies in Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 251–56. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199231362.003.0016.

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Causes and diagnosis of cirrhosis Causes and diagnosis of non-cirrhotic portal hypertension Ascites Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis Hepatorenal syndrome Variceal haemorrhage Hepatic encephalopathy Hepatopulmonary syndromes Hepatocellular carcinoma Cirrhosis occurs following progressive hepatic fibrosis, with architectural distortion of the liver and nodule formation. It is a histological diagnosis. Late-stage cirrhosis is irreversible, at which point only liver transplantation is curative. Early-stage cirrhosis has been shown to improve following treatment and may be asymptomatic....

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Berry, Michael. "Foreword to Reductionism, Emergence and Levels of Reality: The Importance of Being Borderline." In A Half-Century of Physical Asymptotics and Other Diversions, 533–34. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789813221215_0041.

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Petit-Houdenot, Y., M. H. Lebrun, and G. Scalliet. "Understanding plant-pathogen interactions in Septoria tritici blotch infection of cereals." In Achieving durable disease resistance in cereals, 263–302. Burleigh Dodds Science Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19103/as.2021.0092.10.

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Zymoseptoria is a major fungal pathogen of wheat, responsible for the Septoria Tritici Blotch (STB) disease. Recently, STB has been the subject of intensive molecular studies. Notably, massive transcriptomic analyses have helped to explore this particular bi-phasic (asymptomatic/necrotrophic) infection process. Cytological analyses have also improved our understanding of the asymptomatic phase. These advances suggest that Zymoseptoria behaves as a hemi-biotrophic fungus, acting like an endophyte during its asymptomatic phase. STB is still difficult to control. The emergence of fungicide-resistant isolates has reduced the efficacy of many fungicides requiring the development of novel fungicides and methods to counteract/reduce fungicide resistance. Likewise, because Stb-resistant wheat cultivars have all been successively defeated by virulent isolates, there is a need to identify new resistance genes in wheat, and to develop better disease resistance management methods (pyramiding, mixture/alternation) to sustainably control this pathogen.

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Conference papers on the topic "Asymptotic emergence"

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Portelas, Rémy, Cédric Colas, Lilian Weng, Katja Hofmann, and Pierre-Yves Oudeyer. "Automatic Curriculum Learning For Deep RL: A Short Survey." In Twenty-Ninth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Seventeenth Pacific Rim International Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-PRICAI-20}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2020/671.

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Automatic Curriculum Learning (ACL) has become a cornerstone of recent successes in Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL). These methods shape the learning trajectories of agents by challenging them with tasks adapted to their capacities. In recent years, they have been used to improve sample efficiency and asymptotic performance, to organize exploration, to encourage generalization or to solve sparse reward problems, among others. To do so, ACL mechanisms can act on many aspects of learning problems. They can optimize domain randomization for Sim2Real transfer, organize task presentations in multi-task robotic settings, order sequences of opponents in multi-agent scenarios, etc. The ambition of this work is dual: 1) to present a compact and accessible introduction to the Automatic Curriculum Learning literature and 2) to draw a bigger picture of the current state of the art in ACL to encourage the cross-breeding of existing concepts and the emergence of new ideas.

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Wang, Haiquan, Deyue Qiao, and Xiaochun Yue. "Asymptotic orthogonality based decoders for satellite communication systems." In 2016 6th International Conference on Electronics Information and Emergency Communication (ICEIEC). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iceiec.2016.7589685.

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Pham, Trung B., Christopher Hoyle, and Brian Bay. "Robust Topology Optimization Under Random Load Locations." In ASME 2014 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2014-36824.

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Recent years have seen the emergence of topology optimization as one of the most active research areas of structural optimization, with a broad range of promising applications in engineering design. Uncertainty is ubiquitous in real-world situations, which affects design solutions profoundly. This paper proposes a method to integrate topology optimization of static continuum structures with robust design optimization under uncertain load positions. To model the robust design problem, a multi-objective optimization formulation is posed, in which both the expectancy and the standard deviation of the structural compliance are minimized with weighting factors. Next a density based method, called Solid Isotropic Material with Penalization, and the Method of Moving Asymptotes are employed to output the robust structural topology. Numerical examples implemented in Matlab are then utilized to illustrate the proposed method, investigate outcomes of the robust design methodology against deterministic one, and confirm that the resulting designs are robust. Nodal displacements are compared between robust and deterministic solutions.

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Goyal, Monika K., Stephen J. Teach, Gia Badolato, Maria Trent, and James M. Chamberlain. "Universal Screening for Sexually Transmitted Infections in Asymptomatic Teens Reveals a Low Prevalence of Infection in an Urban Pediatric Emergency Department." In Selection of Abstracts From NCE 2015. American Academy of Pediatrics, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.140.1_meetingabstract.13.

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Ramsdorf, Maria Theresa de Alencar, Camilla Haddad Oliveira, Gabriela Mayumi Uehara, Inaê de Oliveira Aquino, Kamilla Menezes e. Souza, Tayná Boldoni Redígulo, and Anselmo Costa. "Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis and Covid-19: an Integrative Review." In XIII Congresso Paulista de Neurologia. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.519.

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Background: Although the majority of those infected by COVID-19 develop an asymptomatic or mild condition, there are those who evolve to a critical condition, such as Cerebral Venous Thrombosis (CVT), which deserves attention, as it is a neurovascular emergency. Objectives: The objective of the abstract is to analyze CVT as a complication of COVID-19. Design and setting: This is an integrative literature review, conducted in the Pubmed database. Methods: The descriptor “cerebral venous thrombosis covid” was used. The inclusion criteria were English studies published in 2020. The exclusion criteria were the non- relevance of the information to the theme. In all, 7 articles were selected. Results: It was observed that most patients were middle-aged men diagnosed with CVT after 7 days of Covid-19 discharge. CVT may be associated with endotheliitis caused by the virus interaction with the Angiotensin Converting Enzyme receptor, also with an abnormal proliferation of cytokines, and both of them favor vasoconstriction and hypercoagulopathy. It has been proposed that the disease may induce a prothrombotic state by the elevated levels of circulating fibrinogen, D-dimer, and pro-thrombotic microparticles. Furthermore, increasing levels of antiphospholipid antibodies detected in patients with COVID-19, such as anti-cardiolopin IgA, anti-β2-glycoprotein I IgA and IgG may precipitate hypercoagulability and vascular infarctions. Conclusion: This review shows the influence of the post-COVID on the occurrence of TVC. However, the studies are still incipient and have not systematically described other previous prothrombotic conditions that may be additive factors.

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Shang, Hang, Wenbo Liu, and Yuhuan Li. "Risk of COVID-19 infection and prevention and control strategies in universities." In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1001363.

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At the beginning of 2020, a sudden COVID-19 outbreak swept the world. So far, more than 300 million people worldwide have been infected with COVID-19 virus. Although the successful development of the COVID-19 virus vaccine has brought a great turnaround to the early stage of epidemic prevention and control.However, when the discovery of asymptomatic infected people, cold chain transmission routes, the emergence of novel coronavirus mutation and many other situations, the world faces new challenges.As a place with dense personnel flow and frequent contact in universities, infection cases will be more prone to the rapid spread of the epidemic, causing very serious social problems.Studying the relationship between the transmission rate of the campus epidemic and the prevention and control measures is the need of formulating efficient campus epidemic prevention and control strategies.Prediction the spread of novel coronavirus using the infectious disease model is an important means to study the spread of COVID-19 and make prevention and control decisions.This study mainly studied the risk of infection and prevention and control strategies.In the aspect of infection risk analysis, with the student dormitory of a university as the research object, five levels of campus epidemic prevention and control strategies were first established, and then through the establishment of healthy person-infection (SI) infection model based on statistics and probability judgment, the transmission speed of the epidemic under different epidemic prevention strategies was investigated.Then, the diffusion situation of the epidemic was simulated. Taking two dormitory buildings A and B as an example, the simulation results of dormitory students under vaccination and non-vaccination and different levels of prevention and control measures were analyzed to find out the key factors for the prevention and control of the epidemic.To provide help for the implementation of epidemic prevention and control strategies in colleges and universities.

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Stocchino, Alessandro, Domenico Palombo, Bianca Pane, and Giovanni Spinella. "In Vivo Echo-PIV Measurements of the Flow Within Abdominal Aortic Aneurisms (AAA)." In ASME 2010 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2010-19331.

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The incidence of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms (AAA) varies between 3% and 6% of the elder population, especially men over sixty years of age. Moreover, familiarity, smoking and peripherical atherosclerosis are known to be important risk factors. In the United States AAA ruptures cause about 9000 deaths every year. About 33000 elective surgical treatments per year are performer with a mortality of 1400–2800 patients. The percentage of success of surgical treatment remains strictly related to the diagnosis of the stage of the AAA. Mortality rate for elective surgical intervention (asymptomatic aneurysms) is 5%. On the contrary mortality rate for emergency surgical intervention is about 70% [1]. Selection of candidates to surgery is still based on measurement of aortic diameter, with a threshold size of 55 mm. The rate of AAA rupture increases from 21% to 46% for diameters between 50 and 70 mm. The main diagnostic tool currently adopted is the CT that allows for obtaining precise information regarding the dimensions and the morphology of the aneurysm and possible proximal extension (juxarenal, infrarenal, thorac-abdominal) and distal (iliac and hypogastric) of the aneurysm, intramural thrombus. Since rupture occurs when the aneurysm wall fails to withstand the forces acting on it, in vivo data on AAA wall pathology could identify patients at risk of rupture. End-stage aneurysm disease and especially aneurysm rupture are characterized by extensive inflammation of the arterial wall. Although the stimulus for this enhanced infiltration is not known, recent insights into the pathophysiology of aneurysm formation, growth, and rupture indicate a close relationship between increased mechanical stress and the activation of infiltrated lymphocytes and macrophages [2]. This increased inflammatory activity results in the progressive breakdown of the aortic wall, aneurysm dilatation and, ultimately, rupture. A further complication is represented by the mechanical actions exerted on the arterial wall by the internal blood flow. The blood flow is strongly influenced by the presence of an AAA, which modifies significantly the geometry of the aorta. Shear stresses and pressure are important factors to understand the formation and evolution of an AAA. Another important aspect is related to the formation of the thrombus that is thought to be relevant for the wall degeneration, see [3] for a comprehensive review of these topics.

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