Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Astronautak-'
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Miller, Laura I. "“Almost Astronauts”: Short Stories." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2012. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc115120/.
Full textPalma, Alexandre. "Ciencia pos-normal, saude e riscos dos aeronautas: a incorporacao da vulnerabilidade." Rio de Janeiro : [s.n.], 2002. http://portalteses.cict.fiocruz.br/transf.php?script=thes%5Fcover&id=000106&lng=pt&nrm=iso.
Full textPalma, Alexandre. "Ciência pós-normal, saúde e riscos dos aeronautas: a incorporação da vulnerabilidade." reponame:Repositório Institucional da FIOCRUZ, 2002. https://www.arca.fiocruz.br/handle/icict/4560.
Full textTem por objetivo propor um modelo tridimensional de análise de agravos à saúde e riscos de acidentes, a partir do modelo bidimensional de Funtowicz & Ravetz (1994 e 1997). Ao adicionar uma terceira dimensão, da vulnerabilidade, buscou-se incorporar a incerteza e complexidade nas análises e gerenciamentos dos problemas ocorridos com os indivíduos ou grupos potencialmente excluídos ou enfraquecidos. Os objetivos específicos foram, mediante ao novo modelo proposto: a) analisar os riscos de acidentes e incidentes; e, b) analisar os agravos à saúde presentes na organização do trabalho da aviação civil brasileira. A proposta metodológica utilizada, para tanto, passou por observações do trabalho real desenvolvido pelos aeronautas; aplicação de entrevistas semi-estruturadas; conversas com especialistas; coleta de dados epidemiológicos; levantamento dos dados sobre acidentes; e, identificação da posição dos países no Índice de Desenvolvimento Humano (IDH). Dentre os achados, descobriu-se que existe uma correlação negativa (r=-0,84; p menor ou igual a 0,01) entre o número de aeronautas e os acidentes aéreos. Foi descoberto, ainda, que uma quantidade maior de acidentes aéreos ocorre em países com mais baixo desenvolvimento (p=0,007). Verificou-se, também que uma prevalência maior de casos de acidentes ocorreu entre o grupo de países em desenvolvimento, talvez, por estes tentarem incorporar os modelos dos países desenvolvidos, sem no entanto, ter plenas condições para isto. O estudo mostra ainda a maior ocorrência de problemas de saúde em função da divisão social e sexual do trabalho. Além disto, foi discutido, a partir das observações in loco e fala dos aeronautas, os interesses dos grupos envolvidos com a aviação civil e que podem interferir na segurança a saúde dos trabalhadores.O estudo conclui, que alguns grupos parecem "enfraquecidos", pelo qual torna-se fundamental compreender como as relações sociais incorporam a interação desta vulnerabilidade com vários outros elementos e como isto pode repercutir sobre a saúde e segurança dos indivíduos.
Katsimbras, Arian Nicholas. "My Mother and Father Were Astronauts." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/52954.
Full textMaster of Fine Arts
Burkhart, Katelyn A. "Understanding vertebral fracture risk in astronauts." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/122344.
Full textThesis: Ph. D. in Medical Engineering and Bioastronautics, Harvard-MIT Program in Health Sciences and Technology, 2019
Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references.
In spaceflight, the loss of mechanical loading has detrimental effects on the musculoskeletal system. These muscular changes will likely affect spinal loading, a key aspect of vertebral fracture risk, but no prior studies have examined how spinal loading is affected by long duration spaceflight. Moreover, the effect of spaceflight on vertebral strength has not been determined, despite reports of significant vertebral trabecular bone loss in long-duration astronauts. Thus trunk muscle and vertebral bone changes and their impact on risk of injury following long-duration spaceflight remain unknown. This is of particular concern for NASA's planned Mars missions and return to Earth after prolonged deconditioning. Our lab has developed a musculoskeletal model of the thoracolumbar spine that has been validated for spinal loading, but has not yet been extended to maximal effort activities or full-body simulations.
Thus, the overall goal of this work consisted of two main sections: 1) address the knowledge gap regarding spaceflight and post-flight recovery effects on trunk muscle properties, vertebral strength, compressive spine loading and vertebral fracture risk, and 2) extend our musculoskeletal modeling work into maximal effort simulations in an elderly population and create a full-body scaled model to investigate reproducibility of spine loading estimates using opto-electronic motion capture data. Whereas deficits in trunk muscle area returned to normal during on-Earth recovery, spaceflight-induced increases in intramuscular fat persisted in some muscles even years after landing. Similarly, spaceflight led to a decrease in lumbar vertebral strength that did not recover even after multiple years on Earth.
To gain insight into the effect of spaceflight on vertebral fracture risk, we created subject-specific musculoskeletal models using an individual's height, weight, sex, muscle measurements, and spine curvature. We found that compressive spine loading was minimally affected by spaceflight and that vertebral fracture risk, calculated as a ratio of vertebral load to strength, was slightly elevated post-flight and remained elevated during readaptation on Earth. Additionally, we focused on the development of additional musculoskeletal modeling tools. Using maximal effort model simulations, we estimated trunk maximum muscle stress in an elderly population, and this critical parameter in musculoskeletal modeling will assist with more detailed model creation. Lastly, we found excellent reliability of spine loading estimations from opto-electronic marker data.
by Katelyn A. Burkhart.
Ph. D. in Medical Engineering and Bioastronautics
Ph.D.inMedicalEngineeringandBioastronautics Harvard-MIT Program in Health Sciences and Technology
Chang, Man Wai. "'Astronaut' wives : their experiences in Brisbane /." [St. Lucia, Qld], 2004. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe18069.pdf.
Full textSheppard, Margaret A. "The astronaut family and the schools." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ33927.pdf.
Full textSprung, Heidi. "An exploration of mental strategies of astronauts." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq26364.pdf.
Full textSridhar, Siddharth. "Spacesuit and Portable Life Support System Center of Gravity Influence on Astronaut Kinematics, Exertion and Efficiency." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1447690750.
Full textMartins, Edgard Thomas. "Estudo das aplicações na saúde e na operacionalização e no trabalho do aeronauta embarcado em modernas aeronaves no processo interativo homem-máquinas complexas." Centro de Pesquisas Aggeu Magalhães, 2010. https://www.arca.fiocruz.br/handle/icict/10519.
Full textFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Aggeu Magalhães. Recife, PE, Brasil
As taxas de morte no trabalho na classe de trabalhadores assalariados é maior que o verificado nas classes de profissionais liberais. Neste cenário, a prevalência de acidentes e doenças do trabalho é um indicador da desigualdade socioeconômica e cultural existente na população. Por isso, pode-se dizer que a saúde do trabalhador é um problema de saúde pública, questão que exige atenção e ações mediadoras e reguladoras do Estado. A literatura sobre a estabilidade emocional e as condições de saúde do piloto de aeronaves mostra as condições de risco em que operam os pilotos. Há uma perspectiva de análise bastante forte na literatura científica que trata dos aspectos ergonômicos e fisiológicos destes trabalhadores que muitas vezes os reduzem a componentes redundantes dentro da grande complexidade tecnológica existente na aviação moderna. As bases técnicas e históricas que induziram a sociedade a construir as regras que formalizam as responsabilidades relativas ao trabalho do piloto devem ser compreendidas no estudo destes trabalhadores sob uma ótica sistêmica e interdisciplinar. O contexto age como uma pressão invisível que desgasta a saúde destes profissionais. Os fundamentos da tecnologia da informação e da ergonomia são muitas vezes negligenciados, podendo gerar disfunções operacionais na execução das tarefas, causarem acidentes, perturbar o trabalho e a saúde tanto dos pilotos como de outros aeronautas como os controladores de vôo. A sociedade se apresenta nos tempos de hoje impondo duras regras que visam prioritariamente a lucratividade das Empresas aplicadas em um cenário permeado por regras trabalhistas e tecnológicas imperfeitas. Neste cenário transitam os trabalhadores da aviação onde emergem a profissão de piloto e o instrumento de trabalho chamado avião. Estas normas trabalhistas são fontes de sofrimento. Estas foram as principais conclusões do estudo realizado que utilizou como método de análise uma abordagem sistêmica, com apoio de um modelo de análise de acidentes sob forma de um sistema computadorizado desenvolvido pelo autor tendo se mostrado apropriado para enfrentar a complexidade do problema em questão
Hrůša, Tomáš. "Dojící robot Lely Astronaut jako výhodná investice." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-72001.
Full textGee, Hannah. "Effects of space irradiation on astronaut bodies." Thesis, Boston University, 2013. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/21154.
Full textThe effects of space irradiation on the cardiovascular systems remain a great mystery. After conducting studies on survivors of the atomic bomb, radiotherapy as a treatment for cancer and other diseases, and health data of astronauts who have participated in short and long duration space missions, the overall conclusion is that ionizing irradiation of any type results in cardiovascular damage. Problems manifest decades after irradiation exposure and the accumulating health complications have led to fatalities. However, little is known about space irradiation and how it affects our bodies. Predictive models that were developed to date were created based on events that have occurred on earth. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) plans for manned missions to the Moon and Mars in the near future. There is a great need for ground-based studies about the effects of cosmic irradiation on the human body. We examined molecular pathways in the heart tissue of adult 7-9 months old mice, an equivalent of middle-age for astronauts (35-55), after receiving a single low dose full body of either 56Fe (iron) or 1H (proton) irradiation + aging of 1, 3, and 10 months. We also investigated mice after 56Fe or 1H irradiation + aging of 1, 3, and 10 months, and 3 days after an induced acute myocardial infarct (AMI). Western blot analyses were performed for proteins involved in cardiac function and cardiac recovery. Results indicated that 56Fe irradiation impaired cardiac function significantly during aging and continued to worsen with age. AMI results were less straightforward. The younger, 56Fe irradiated mice revealed a significant decrease in the expression of proteins associated with survival of cardiac tissue. The older, 1H irradiated mice group revealed a significantly decreased expression of proteins associated with survival of cardiac tissue. The 10 month 56Fe irradiated mice did not show compensatory mechanisms and the cardiac protein expression levels were attributed to aging. While the 10 month 1H irradiated mice compensated and required less repair activation.
2031-01-01
Shih, Chen-Chen. "Adjustment experiences of Taiwanese astronauts' kids in Canada." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0019/MQ47095.pdf.
Full textMineck, Edward. "Astronauts and Xingu : an exhibition of cultural ideograms /." Online version of thesis, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/11625.
Full textGodefroy, Thierry. "L' alimentation du spationaute." Nancy 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991NAN11188.
Full textSchaffner, Grant. "Dynamic analysis of astronaut motions during extravehicular activity." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/49952.
Full textAronsson, Liselott. "Som små astronauter : -En idrottslärares berättelse om specialgymnastik i skolan." Thesis, Karlstad University, Karlstad University, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-620.
Full textThe aim of this work is to examine methodologies at remedial lessons for children with weak mobility, in a common Swedish municipal school in an attempt to determine if a connection to theoretical learning exists.
Kadesjö describes how difficulties in concentration can arise as a result of problems with mobility and perception, and according to Piaget very young children develop cogitation through physical movements. These connections are not news but always current.
At the meeting with Lasse the question was born whether learning problems in school that are a result of concentration difficulties, could be countered with mobility training.
By the selection of Life history as method, it’s possible to follow a physical educator's experiences through his 30 years of work, and to some extent even his private life. Experiences and results are notified from a historical perspective from 1976 until 2006.
He is bringing us on a journey that shows the changes in methodology and results after his contact with Sensomotoriskt Centrum.
Syftet med arbetet är att undersöka metodik vid specialgymnastik för barn med svag motorik i en vanlig svensk kommunal skola för att försöka se om förbindelse finns till teoretisk inlärning.
Kadesjö beskriver att koncentrationssvårigheter kan uppkomma pga. motoriska och perceptuella svårigheter och enligt Piaget sker det lilla barnets kognitiva utveckling genom rörelser. Samband som inte är nya med ständigt aktuella.
Vid mötet med Lasse föddes därför undran om det finns möjligheter att avhjälpa inlärningsproblem i skolan som beror på koncentrationssvårigheter, med hjälp av motorisk träning under specialgymnastik.
Genom valet av livsberättelse som metod ges möjligheten att få följa med en idrottslärare genom hans 30-åriga yrkesliv och i viss mån även privatliv där upplevelser, erfarenheter och resultat delges ur ett historiskt perspektiv från 1976 och fram till 2006. Resan han tar oss med på ger en bild av förändring av metodik och resultat efter kontakten med Sensomotoriskt Centrum.
Moraes, Maria Suzana de. "Proposta para o monitoramento da saúde de aeronautas por meio de indicadores bioquímicos e hematológicos." reponame:Repositório Institucional da FIOCRUZ, 2001. https://www.arca.fiocruz.br/handle/icict/4793.
Full textOs aeronautas, pelas características de seu processo de trabalho, estäo submetidos a diversos riscos, presentes tanto no seu ambiente, quanto na sua organizaçäo de trabalho. A aeronave, para se adequar ao "ato de voar" , sofre modificaçöes em seu ambiente, tais como ruídos, vibraçäo, baixa umidade do ar e da pressäo parcial de oxigênio e outros fatores que, a longo prazo, podem atuar no organismo dos seus ocupantes, causando alteraçöes. Os aviöes de alta tecnologia voam a altitudes cada vez mais elevadas, aumentando a intensidade das exposiçöes às radiaçöes cósmicas podendo aumentar a incidência de riscos entre a tripulaçäo. Por prestarem serviços de forma ininterrupta, os transportes aéreos fazem parte de um sistema que impöe aos seus funcionários um esquema de jornadas irregulares de trabalho que, além disso, cruzam fusos horários ao realizar jornadas de longa duraçäo, podendo imprimir modificaçöes nos seus ciclos biológicos, como alteraçöes nos hábitos de sono e de alimentaçäo. Objetivamos neste estudo investigar esses riscos e relacioná-los a marcadores biológicos cujos resultados auxiliem a monitorar esses efeitos. Para tanto, apresentamos um protocolo utilizando indicadores bioquímicos e hematológicos que complementem os exames periódicos já existentes.
Llinares, Dario Alexis. "Idealised masculinity and the cultural mythology of the astronaut." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.511132.
Full textRodriguez, Mikaël. "Wireless sensor for the in-vivo monitoring of astronaut health /." Sion, 2008. http://doc.rero.ch/record/10799?ln=fr.
Full textBertrand, Pierre J. (Pierre Jean). "Enhancing astronaut mobility through spacesuit kinematics and interactive space outreach." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/104013.
Full textThesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2016.
This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 212-225).
Human spaceflight programs are facing new challenges rising from the evolution of the exploration agenda, as well as the changing international panel of actors. Planetary exploration missions will require intensive extravehicular activities (EVA). Simultaneously, the design of such missions will increasingly rely on cooperation between several types of actors: international and public/private. Adapting this paradigm shift requires astronauts, both symbols and key elements of human space exploration, to be fully equipped to explore and share their experiences. Consequently, astronaut mobility during the exploration mission, characterized by spacesuit kinematics, as well as astronaut mobility for space public outreach, characterized by the ability to inspire multiple types of people, are critical for the future of human spaceflight. This thesis focuses on these two elements of astronaut mobility: spacesuit motion and public inspiration for human spaceflight. All of the spacesuits currently in use are gas-pressurized and enable a wide range of astronaut performance. However, the pressurization causes an inherent stiffness, leading to astronauts' fatigue, unnecessary energy expenditure and limited mobility in the spacesuit. Better understanding of spacesuit kinematics is crucial to enable future human space exploration during extreme mobility tasks such as climbing, loping and excavating. Different methods are currently used to assess spacesuit mobility, but they are restricted to laboratory settings and do not measure the interactions between the suit and the person inside the suit. The first objective of this research is to develop a novel method to assess spacesuit kinematics and visualize human-spacesuit interactions. Upper body mobility of different suits was assessed by placing inertial measurement units (IMUs) on the person's body and on the outside of the spacesuit. IMUs incorporate accelerometers and gyroscopes to estimate relative rotation. They are mobile and low power, offering an economical and efficient kinematic tracking capability. A comparison of joint angle amplitude between different pressurization conditions and different motions was performed, and a 3D kinematic visualization tool was developed. While space-based technologies for Earth applications are flourishing, space exploration activities suffer from a lack of public awareness as well as decreasing budgets. Recent robotic exploration missions have positively influenced public perception by utilizing video and social media communication. How can these new communication technologies be used to better serve human spaceflight? How can space agencies and astronauts inspire tax-paying citizens, and thus politicians, to commit to an ambitious, global human spaceflight program based on international collaboration? The second part of the research analyzes how astronauts' use of interactive platforms can increase international public interest in human space exploration. An analysis of the Twitter network related to human spaceflight was performed, measuring how influence and relationships are linked, to better capture the best practices.
by Pierre J. Bertrand.
S.M. in Technology and Policy
S.M.
Stirling, Leia Abigail. "Development of astronaut reorientation methods : a computational and experimental study." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/44930.
Full textThis electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 143-150).
Past spaceflight missions have shown that astronauts adapt their motor-control strategies to the microgravity environment. Even though astronauts undergo hundreds of training hours, the strategies for locomotion and orientation are not specifically prescribed. The majority of an astronaut's motion-control strategies are developed underwater. While underwater training can be beneficial in certain aspects, such as learning which orientations an astronaut will encounter and becoming familiar with task timelines, it is not effective for self-learned motor-control strategies. Further, the development of unfamiliar tasks, such as reorienting without external forces, will most likely not occur naturally. Self-rotations -- human-body rotations without external torques -- are not only helpful for reducing adaptation time, but can be a crucial safety countermeasure during extravehicular activity. In this thesis, computational and experimental methods are developed to create and analyze astronaut reorientation methods. The computational development of control methods for human motion planning offers a novel way to provide astronauts with maneuvers that are difficult to obtain experimentally in Earth gravity (1-G). Control of human-body dynamics can be posed as a motion-planning problem for which many different solution methods exist. This research considers two different frameworks -- quantized control and optimal control. The quantized control method permits the development of complete maneuvers that are appropriate for humans to perform in high-stress situations by defining a set of specific finite-time trajectories called motion primitives. The implementation of an optimal control method allows for the refinement and further understanding of maneuver characteristics with an emphasis on how the central nervous system controls motion.
(cont.) Human rotation experiments provide further insight into the complexity of self-rotation techniques and a way to study the effects of training in a rigorous and realistic manner.
by Leia Abigail Stirling.
Ph.D.
Loday, Sylvie (Sylvie Johanna) 1977. "Electronic architecture and technoogy development of astronaut spaceflight load sensors." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/83679.
Full textMosa, Areej. "Does Spaceflight Increase the Chance of Female Astronauts Developing Uterine Cancer?" Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2018. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3361.
Full textEL, KHOURY ZEINA. "Protocole d'exercices dans la prevention de l'osteoporose, les immobilises au long cours, le vieillard et les astronautes." Saint-Etienne, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988STET6067.
Full textRogers, Rowell S. (Rowell Seldon). "Cenotaph: A Composition for Computer-Generated Sound." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1990. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc331070/.
Full textThibault, Karen (Karen Camille) 1975. "Astronaut adaptive arm motions on the MIR Space Station : kinematic analysis." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/83678.
Full textCarey, Alan John. "An Unpowered Exoskeleton to Reduce Astronaut Hand Fatigue during Microgravity EVA." Thesis, University of California, Davis, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10165880.
Full textAstronaut hand fatigue during Extravehicular Activity (EVA) and EVA training is a critical risk in human space exploration. Improved glove designs over the past forty years have reduced hand fatigue, but limitations of the technology prevent major improvements to reduce hand fatigue. Therefore, a mechanism to assist astronauts by reducing hand fatigue was explored. Many organizations have already developed exoskeletons to assist astronauts, but all mechanisms developed required electrically powered actuators and control systems to enhance grip strength. However, astronauts already possess the strength required to actuate the glove; what is needed is a method to reduce fatigue without introducing electromechanical complexity. A passive mechanical system was developed as a proof-of-concept to test the feasibility of an unpowered exoskeleton to maintain static grip around an object. The semi- rigid nature of an inflated pressure glove provided an ideal substrate to mount a mechanism and associated components to allow an astronaut to release his/her grip inside the glove while maintaining attitude, as the mechanism will keep the glove closed around an object.
Three prototypes were fabricated and tested to evaluate the architecture. The final two prototypes were tested on a real pressure suit glove at Final Frontier Design (FFD), and the third mechanism demonstrated attachment and basic operating principles. At University of California (UC) Davis, pressure glove analogs were fabricated from a baseball batting glove and polystyrene to simulate a real pressure glove without the risk of testing in a reduced pressure environment (i.e. a glove box). Testing of the third prototype showed a reduction in fatigue as measured by Maximum Voluntary Contraction (MVC) grip force over a 30 second period when the mechanism assisted gripping an object.
Nezami, A. "The overview effect and counselling psychology : astronaut experiences of earth gazing." Thesis, City, University of London, 2017. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/17938/.
Full textHe, Shaojun. "Integration of Multiple Sensors for Astronaut Navigation on The Lunar Surface." The Ohio State University, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1324496686.
Full textSchaffner, Grant. "Assessment of hip fracture risk in astronauts exposed to long-term weightlessness." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/9371.
Full text"August 1999."
Includes bibliographical references.
A human exploration mission to Mars could take place within 10 years. During the 6 to 12 month journey astronauts would likely lose bone mineral density (BMD) at a mean rate of 1-2 percent per month in weight-bearing areas, approximately 10 times the rate associated with normal ageing. There exists an important need to quantify the fracture risk associated with this loss. Methods: Using computational modeling, the factor of risk for hip fracture (applied load divided by failure load) was assessed following 0, 6, and 12 months of weightlessness for: 1) the mid-stance phase of gait, and 2) a fall to the side impacting the greater trochanter. Peak applied loading was calculated for Earth and Mars gravity levels using the equations of motion for three-segment models representing locomotion and falls. Mars simulations included extravehicular activity (EVA, with spacesuit) and intravehicular activity (IVA). The structural properties of the femur were analyzed using a three-dimensional finite element model derived from quantitative computed tomography scans of a representative cadaveric femur. Space flight associated changes in density, geometry, and muscle strength were incorporated. Results: Peak applied joint contact force ranges for mid-stance were: 1.2- 2.5 kN (Earth), 0.9-1.8 kN (Mars IVA), and 1.5-2.4 kN (Mars EVA). Peak applied joint contact forces for fall impact were: 4.2-8.0 kN (Earth), 2.7-5.1 kN (Mars IVA), and 3.1-5.0 kN (Mars EVA). Femoral strength in mid-stance decreased from 5.9-6.1 kN (0 months) to 5.1- 5.4 kN (12 months), while femoral strength in fall impact decreased from 4.2-4.4 kN (0 months) to 3.8-4.0 kN (12 months). Typically, the factor of risk for hip fracture was highest for falls in Earth gravity following 12 months of weightlessness (1.12-2.08), and lowest for IVA locomotion in Mars gravity (0.26-0.49). All fall conditions yielded a high likelihood of fracture. Astronauts are advised to take precautions against falling following long duration space flight and could benefit from the temporary use of hip pads.
by Grant Schaffner.
Ph.D.
Robinne, Emmanuelle. "Le regime juridique gouvernant la vie et le travail des astronautes dans l'espace /." Thesis, McGill University, 1988. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=61725.
Full textRansan, Maxime Franck. "Design and implementation of a collaborative model for rover-astronaut exploration teams." College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/3826.
Full textThesis research directed by: Dept. of Aerospace Engineering. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
ZACONTE, VERONICA. "ALTEA: anomalous long term effects on astronauts on board the international space station." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Roma "Tor Vergata", 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2108/935.
Full textIn this thesis I summarized the work carried out on ALTEA experiment during my PhD years. ALTEA (Anomalouos Long Term Effects on Astronauts) is a project funded by ASI, the Italian Space Agency; it is a multidisciplinary program devoted to investigate the functional effects of radiation during man permanences in space and concurrently to get a measure of radiation environment inside the International Space Station. It is constitued by several experiments both gorund-based and in space. I was mainly involved in the ALTEA-space experiment and I followed the hardware functioning tests, the calibration and the analysis of flight data. After an overview of space environment and a brief description of the main effects of radiation exposure, reported in the first chapter, the Altea program is presented with its scientific goals and the different experiments that it includes. In particular the ALTEA-space facility is described in the third chapter. In the fourth chapter a simple simulation to calculate the expected particle flux inside the ISS will be presented. In the following chapters, first of all the study I performed to verify the detector performances and characteristics is described, then the two session tests carried out at the GSI accelerator in order to test and calibrate the Flight Model and the Test Model of the device. This preliminary work was completed with the analysis of the files acquired on ground with all ALTEA Flight Model subsystems active. After ALTEA-space hardware was delivered to NASA, I contributed to asses the ALTEA User Home Base (UHB), where operation data are collected and the communications with NASA take place. Before the start of the mission operation I partecipated to the NASA simulations aimed at the reproduction of flight operations. ALTEA was finally brought on board the International Space Station within the STS-121 Shuttle mission on the July the 4th 2006; in the last chapter of this thesis the actual flight operations are described and the results of analysis performed on the first scientific data gathered onboard ISS are showed. About three month data were analyzed in this thesis and the first results include, among others, the study of the particle rate, the different particle fluxes measured by the six particle detectors and the first calculation of relative nuclear abundances. I contributed to realize and test pre-processing and analysis tools used both for calibration and for flight operations. These tools were developed using several programming languages (C, VC++, VB, IDL).
SEYED, MOUSAVI MOHAMAD MEHDI. "DESIGN AND REALIZATION OF A FINGER EXOSKELETON FOR ASTRONAUTS EXTRAVEHICULAR ACTIVITY (EVA) GLOVE." Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11583/2506466.
Full textRoesch, J. Richard. "Hand grip performance with the bare hand in the extravehicular activity globe." Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/91148.
Full textM. S.
Boissin, Jacqueline. "Sélection médicale des spationautes." Bordeaux 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988BOR25349.
Full textFerguson, Philip Andrew 1976. "Quantifying and modelling adaptive astronaut movement : motion strategies for long-duration spaceflight missions." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/36176.
Full textIncludes bibliographical references (p. 211-223) and index.
Past spaceflight experience has shown that astronauts adapt their motor control strategies to microgravity movements after approximately four weeks of microgravity exposure. A similar (but typically shorter) re-adaptation period is required upon return to Earth or partial gravity environment such as the Moon or Mars. During these adaptation periods, astronaut performance is considerably degraded and can lead to falls and mission-threatening injuries. This dissertation describes a research program to quantitatively study the dynamics and control aspects of human motor control adaptation to a spectrum of gravity environments. The key hypotheses of this research were that a) locomotor control adaptation could be observed following short exposure (on the order of hours) to a different dynamic environment and b) the observed adaptation could be predicted using a single model that applied to a spectrum of gravitational environments. Experiments were conducted on a 1-G air-bearing floor microgravity simulator and underwater to provide contrasting dynamic and gravitational environments. Subjects performed leg push-offs and hand landings to demonstrate their control strategies as they adapted.
(cont.) Forces and moments from the push-offs and landings were recorded using 6-axis force-moment sensors. Joint angles were measured using a kinematic video analysis system. A suite of dynamic estimation filters was written to combine the kinetic and kinematic data. Experimental results showed significant motor control adaptation to the air-bearing floor experiments, evidenced by reduced peak push-off forces and increased sensor contact times. A model based on Golgi tendon organ (GTO) force feedback was proposed to predict the observed adaptation. Comparisons between the experimental data and the model predictions indicate that the GTO adaptation model can adequately predict the observed adaptation.
by Philip Andrew Ferguson.
Ph.D.
Brcic, Jelena. "Universal values, coping strategies, and motive images of astronauts at the International Space Station." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/12344.
Full textLangston, Sara M. "Reimagining Icarus: Defining the physical, cultural, legal and ethical parameters for human spaceflight." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/15706.
Full textAponte, Vanessa M. "Development and analysis of a novel cytokine biosensor concept for astronaut immune system monitoring." Diss., Connect to online resource, 2006. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3219037.
Full textAssad, Albert. "Model of medical supply demand and astronaut health for long-duration human space flight." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/47867.
Full textIncludes bibliographical references (leaves 57-60).
The medical care of space crews is the primary limiting factor in the achievement of long-duration space missions. (Nicogossian 2003) The goal of this thesis was to develop a model of long-duration human space flight astronaut health and a medical supply demand model in support of such missions. This model will be integrated into an existing comprehensive interplanetary supply chain management and logistics architecture simulation and optimization tool, SpaceNet. The model provides two outputs, Alphah and Mass, for each set of input variables. Alphah is an estimate of crew health and is displayed as a percentage. Mass is a measure of medical consumables expended during the mission and is displayed in kilograms. We have demonstrated that Alphah is a function of three scaling parameters, the type of mission, duration of mission, and gender of crew. The type of mission and gender are linked to radiation fatality data published by NASA and mission duration correlates to predicted incidence of illness and injury and linked to the model through published US Navy submarine crew medical data. The mass of medical consumables (MMC) expended increases with the number of crew, the duration of the mission and the distance of the mission away from the earth. The degree of medical expertise on-board is not necessarily related to a change in consumption of medical supplies but perhaps to a better outcome for the individual infirmed crew member.
(cont.) We have determined that there is no information to incorporate gender into this aspect of the model and that the ages of the crewmembers would also have a negligible effect. Risk was investigated as an additional independent driver in the calculations. This parameter defined as likelihood of a medical event multiplied by impact to the mission, is in line with current NASA planning processes. Although the equations don't currently incorporate this parameter, implementation in subsequent versions of the model would allow for a more granular description of medical supply mass (i.e. laboratory and diagnostic, imaging, medications, surgical supplies, telemedicine and expert systems equipment) needed to support long-duration human operations in space. The framework of SpaceNet does not currently allow for this level of detail but future version of the software would likely develop and integrate this capability.
by Albert Assad.
S.M.
Shubentsov, Ilya. "Relationship between astronaut head motion and space motion sickness on Spacelabs 1 and D1." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/39359.
Full textRize, Jared Philip. "Simulation development and analysis of attitude-control system architectures for an astronaut mobility unit." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/90790.
Full textCataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 135-136).
Control-moment gyroscopes (CMGs) are spacecraft attitude-control actuators which control the spacecraft's orientation and pointing. CMGs operate on electrical power and therefore obey the the conservation of angular momentum. Single-gimbal CMGs are equipped with a high-speed flywheel which can be gimbaled to impart gyroscopic torques. The net reaction torques are observed by the spacecraft resulting in pure rotation. A CMG based attitude control system (ACS) is favorable compared to a cold gas thruster ACS because of fundamental differences in how the reaction torques are produced. CMGs provide a continuous range of motion while RCS thrusters are limited by the minimum on-off time for the thruster valves. This minimum open-close time leads to a bang-bang response as opposed to the smoother CMG response. Furthermore, CMGs are powered using batteries and can therefore be recharged, while RCS thrusters use propellant which depletes over time. CMG sizing, the act of designing and choosing the electrical and mechanical parameters for a given spacecraft ACS, is studied in this thesis. The CMG sizing tool analyzes the specific system configuration (i.e. mass properties, thruster location and placement, CMG architecture, etc.) and the mission and system requirements to provide an "idealized" CMG model. Detailed simulation results and recommendations are presented for the design and analysis of the Mobility Augmenting Jetpack with Integrated CMGs (MAJIC) system. The CMG sizing software acts as a parametric tool which can be adopted to any spacecraft system.
by Jared Philip Rize.
S.M.
Neimark, Matthew A. (Matthew Aaron). "Microgravity induced changes in horiztonal vestibulo-ocular reflexes of SLS-1 & SLS-2 astronauts." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/42791.
Full textIncludes bibliographical references (leaves 45-46).
by Matthew A. Neimark.
M.Eng.
Hixson, Katharine. "Developing and Evaluating Computer-Based Teamwork Skills Training for Long-duration Spaceflight Crews." NSUWorks, 2013. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/gscis_etd/177.
Full textL'Archevêque, Régent. "Utilisation de la réalite virtuelle dans l'entraînement des astronautes pour la construction de la station spatiale internationale." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ38688.pdf.
Full textPouliot, Christopher Francis. "Changes in the horizontal angular vestibulo-ocular reflex of SLS-2 space shuttle astronauts due to weightlessness." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/47374.
Full textDopart, Celena (Celena Hensley). "Astronaut-centric analysis of a jetpack with integrated control-moment gyroscopes for enhanced extravehicular activity performance." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/90660.
Full textCataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 109-111).
As a stepping-stone towards eventual human exploration of Mars, NASA plans to explore low-gravity objects. Since the surface environments encountered on such missions would limit the independent mobility of astronauts, a maneuvering unit that offers counter reaction forces and torques during movements and tasks will likely be required. The next-generation maneuvering and stability system proposed in this research incorporates control moment gyroscopes (CMGs) into an extravehicular activity (EVA) jetpack device currently being considered at NASA Johnson Space Center (JSC). This Mobility Augmenting Jetpack with Integrated CMGs (MAJIC) system will offer rigid attitude control not previously required for EVA tasks. This research project was designed to: (1) assess EVA task motions, astronaut dynamics, and mission concepts to support the objective comparison of the original jets-only Jetpack system and MAJIC, and (2) analyze the performance of both systems based on user evaluations of the two control configurations. An EVA task list with associated motions and tools was compiled to develop a relevant mission concept of operations that would inform the subsequent research objectives. A method for analyzing astronaut dynamics during these EVA tasks was developed and used to compare system stability of the proposed (CMG-augmented) vs. current (jets-only) control systems. The combined astronaut dynamics and controls models formed a full simulation that was integrated into a Virtual Reality (VR) environment at JSC to offer a platform for two human evaluations comparing the proposed and current control systems. Although computational analyses demonstrated increased attitude stability and decreased fuel consumption consistently across all missions and EVA tasks, results from the user evaluations were mixed. In the preliminary user evaluation, users showed overwhelming preference for MAJIC during worksite EVA tasks that incorporated astronaut motions, but no trend for piloted missions that did not incorporate astronaut motions. The results of the follow-up user evaluation indicate that benefits of MAJIC are more pronounced in certain mission scenarios, including ones in which mass and moment of inertia properties are increased (e.g. when tools are used). Future work should explore these mission scenarios further and continue development of motion capture capabilities to include full-body actuation and contact models within the virtual reality environment.
by Celena Dopart.
S.M.
Losik, Len. "Using Telemetry to Measure Equipment Mission Life on the NASA Orion Spacecraft for Increasing Astronaut Safety." International Foundation for Telemetering, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/581640.
Full textThe surprise failure of two NASA Space Shuttles and the premature failures of satellite subsystem equipment on NASA satellites are motivating NASA to adopt an engineering discipline specifically developed for preventing surprise equipment failures. The NASA Orion spacecraft is an Apollo module-like capsule planned to replace the NASA Space Shuttle reusable launch vehicle for getting astronauts to space and return to the earth safely as well as a crew escape vehicle stored at the ISS. To do so, NASA is adopting a non-Markov reliability paradigm for measuring equipment life based on the prognostic and health management program on the Air Force F-35 Joint Strike Fighter. The decision is based on the results from the prognostic analysis completed on the Space Shuttle Challenger and Columbia that identified the information that was present but was ignored for a variety of reasons prior to both accidents. The goal of a PHM is to produce equipment that will not fail prematurely and includes using predictive algorithms to measure equipment usable life. Equipment with transient behavior, missed by engineering analysis is caused from accelerated of parts will fail prematurely with 100% certainty. With the processing speed of today's processors, transient behavior is caused from at least one part suffering from accelerated aging. Transient behavior is illustrated in equipment telemetry in a prognostic analysis but not in an engineering analysis. Telemetry is equipment performance information and equipment performance has been used to increase reliability, but performance is unrelated to equipment remaining usable life and so equipment should be failing prematurely. A PHM requires equipment telemetry for analysis and so analog telemetry will be available from all Orion avionics equipment. Replacing equipment with a measured remaining usable life of less than one year will stop the premature and surprise equipment failures from occurring during future manned and unmanned space missions.