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Journal articles on the topic 'Astragalus'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 30 May 2022

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1

Li, Haifeng, Ruona Shi, Fei Ding, Hongyu Wang, Wenjing Han, Fangli Ma, Minghua Hu, Chung Wah Ma, and Zebo Huang. "Astragalus Polysaccharide Suppresses 6-Hydroxydopamine-Induced Neurotoxicity in Caenorhabditis elegans." Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity 2016 (2016): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/4856761.

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Astragalus membranaceus is a medicinal plant traditionally used in China for a variety of conditions, including inflammatory and neural diseases. Astragalus polysaccharides are shown to reduce the adverse effect of levodopa which is used to treat Parkinson’s disease (PD). However, the neuroprotective effect of Astragalus polysaccharides per se in PD is lacking. Using Caenorhabditis elegans models, we investigated the protective effect of astragalan, an acidic polysaccharide isolated from A. membranaceus, against the neurotoxicity of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA), a neurotoxin that can induce parkinsonism. We show that 6-OHDA is able to degenerate dopaminergic neurons and lead to the deficiency of food-sensing behavior and a shorter lifespan in C. elegans. Interestingly, these degenerative symptoms can be attenuated by astragalan treatment. Astragalan is also shown to alleviate oxidative stress through reducing reactive oxygen species level and malondialdehyde content and increasing superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities and reduce the expression of proapoptotic gene egl-1 in 6-OHDA-intoxicated nematodes. Further studies reveal that astragalan is capable of elevating the decreased acetylcholinesterase activity induced by 6-OHDA. Together, our results demonstrate that the protective effect of astragalan against 6-OHDA neurotoxicity is likely due to the alleviation of oxidative stress and regulation of apoptosis pathway and cholinergic system and thus provide an important insight into the therapeutic potential of Astragalus polysaccharide in neurodegeneration.

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2

Ghedira, K., and P. Goetz. "Astragale : Astragalus membranaceus Bunge (Fabaceae)." Phytothérapie 16, no. 5 (October 2018): 290–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.3166/phyto-2018-0069.

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3

Chen, Xiang-Jian, Zhi-Ping Bian, Shu Lu, Jin-Dan Xu, Chun-Rong Gu, Di Yang, and Ji-Nan Zhang. "Cardiac Protective Effect of Astragalus on Viral Myocarditis Mice: Comparison with Perindopril." American Journal of Chinese Medicine 34, no. 03 (January 2006): 493–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0192415x06004028.

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In clinical practice, Astragali Radix (Astragalus), the root of Astragalus membranaceus Bunge, has been widely applied to treat patients with viral diseases, including viral myocarditis in China. The present study was designed to evaluate the protective effects of Astragalus on the function of sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase (SERCA2) activity and endothelin system at acute and chronic periods of myocarditis mice induced by CVB 3 infection. Astragalus feeding (2.2 mg/kg/day) could significantly increase the survival rate, alleviate pathological alterations and serum cardiac troponin I (cTnI), as well as restore impaired SERCA activity at the acute stage. Low affinity and capacity of ETR were reversed with Astragalus after the first CVB 3 inoculation up to 7 days and after the second virus inoculation up to 150 days. In the meantime, the contents of cardiac ET-1 and ANP were reduced. Comparison the myocarditis mice treated with Perindopril (0.44 mg/kg/day), an ACE inhibitor, shows that Astragalus achieved a similar effect on survival rate, SERCA2 and ET system. These results indicated that the beneficial effects of Astragalus and Perindopril for treating viral myocarditis might be partly mediated by preserving the functions of SERCA 2 activity and ET system.

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4

Hai-Yan, Zhu, Gao Yong-Hong, Wang Zhi-Yao, Xu Bing, Wu Ai-Ming, Xing Yan-Wei, Liu Bei, Lou Li-Xia, and Chen Li-Xin. "Astragalus Polysaccharide Suppresses the Expression of Adhesion Molecules through the Regulation of the p38 MAPK Signaling Pathway in Human Cardiac Microvascular Endothelial Cells after Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2013 (2013): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/280493.

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Astragalus polysaccharide is a major component of radix astragali, a vital qi-reinforcing herb medicine with favorable immune-regulating effects. In a previous animal experiment, we demonstrated that astragalus polysaccharide effectively alleviates ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) of cardiac muscle through the regulation of the inflammatory reactions. However, the relationship between this herb and the cohesion molecules on the cell surface remains controversial. In this study, human cardiac microvascular endothelial cells (HCMECs) were used to validate the protective effects of astragalus under an IRI scheme simulated through hypoxia/reoxygenation in vitro. The results indicated that astragalus polysaccharide inhibited the cohesion between HCMECs and polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) during IRI through the downregulation of p38 MAPK signaling and the reduction of cohesive molecule expression in HCMECs.

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5

Gjærum, Halvor B. "Studies in rusts (Uredinales) on Astragalus (Fabaceae)." Edinburgh Journal of Botany 48, no. 3 (November 1991): 393–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960428600003097.

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Four Uromyces species are described as new, viz. U. astragali-alopecuri sp. nov. on Astragalus alopecurus from Turkey, U. astragali-atropilosuli sp. nov. on A. atropilosulus subsp. bequaertii var. bequaertii from Kenya, occurring also in Ethiopia and Tanzania, U. astragali-pseudoutrigeris sp. nov. on A. pseudoutriger from Turkey, and U. semnanensis sp. nov. on A. fridae from Iran. Several new hosts (marked *) are reported for U. punctatus. This rust is reported as new to S America (in Chile).

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6

MINAEI, KAMBIZ, LIDA FEKRAT, and LAURENCE MOUND. "The genus Neoheegeria with a new species from Iran exhibiting wing-dimorphism (Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripidae)." Zootaxa 4455, no. 3 (August 3, 2018): 563. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4455.3.12.

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Neoheegeria astragali sp.n. is described as the first known member of this genus to exhibit wing-dimorphism. Collected on Astragalus sp. [Fabaceae] in Iran, it is also unique among Neoheegeria species in having the tube unusually short. Neoheegeria sinaitica is recorded from Iran for the first time, and an illustrated key is provided to the five species of Neoheegeria. Wing reduction among Haplothripini is discussed briefly, and it is concluded that most species of Neoheegeria are associated with species of Astragalus.

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7

KHANJANI, MOHAMMAD, BAHMAN ASALI FAYAZ, and MASOUMEH KHANJANI. "Two new species of Linotetranus (Parasitiformes: Tetranychoidea: Linotetranidae) from Iran." Zootaxa 2834, no. 1 (April 27, 2011): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2834.1.4.

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This paper reports the description of two new species belonging to the family Linotetranidae from Iran, Linotetranus iraniensis sp. nov. and L. astragalusi sp. nov., collected in soil associated with gum bushes, Astragalus gossypinus Fisch. (Fabaceae). A key to all known species of the world is provided.

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8

BAUMANN, LESLIE S. "Astragalus." Skin & Allergy News 42, no. 7 (July 2011): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0037-6337(11)70383-7.

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9

Miyazawa, Mitsuo, and Hiromu Kameoka. "Volatile Flavor Components of ASTRAGALI RADIX (Astragalus membranaceusBunge)." Agricultural and Biological Chemistry 51, no. 11 (November 1987): 3153–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00021369.1987.10868496.

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10

KARAMIAN, ROYA, and MASSOUD RANJBAR. "Astragalus sect. Astragalus (Fabaceae) in Iran." Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 147, no. 3 (March 2005): 363–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.2005.00366.x.

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11

Sytin, A. K., L. V. Rjazanova, and D. D. Slastunov. "Architectural Models of Annual Astragalus (Astragalus L., Fabaceae)." Contemporary Problems of Ecology 13, no. 3 (May 2020): 248–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1995425520030117.

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12

Law, Siukan, Chuiman Lo, Jie Han, Albert Wingnang Leung, and Chuanshan Xu. "Traditional Chinese herb, Astragalus: possible for treatment and prevention of COVID-19?" Herba Polonica 66, no. 4 (December 1, 2020): 79–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/hepo-2020-0023.

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Summary Astragalus is a traditional herb which has been used in China for a long time. It regulates blood circulation (vital energy), invigorates body fluid circulation, protects the flow of blood to fight against the attack of pathogens, and strengthens “blood deficiencies” according to Bencao Congxin. Astragalus was approved by the Food and Drug Administration in 2009 as a dietary supplement for upper respiratory infections, allergic rhinitis (hay fever), asthma, chronic fatigue syndrome, and chronic kidney disease. Thirty journals published in the past ten years were reviewed by using library search engines such as SCI/SCIE, PubMed, and Scopus. In this mini-review, we focus on the anti-inflammatory of Astragalus features, discuss the background of Astragalus and its function in various diseases from water-extracted Astragalus membranaceus, Astragalus saponins, and Astragalus polysaccharides. Based on the traditional Chinese medicine theory, Astragalus is a potential candidate to treat and prevent COVID-19.

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13

Qiao, Yingying, Oleksandr Kyselov, and Changzhong Liu. "THE EFFECT OF HERBAL FEED ADDITIVE ASTRAGALUS POLYSACCHARIDE ON IMMUNE REGULATION IN POULTRY." Bulletin of Sumy National Agrarian University. The series: Livestock, no. 1(44) (March 29, 2021): 110–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.32845/bsnau.lvst.2021.1.16.

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This article mainly reviews the immunomodulatory mechanism of action Astragalus polysaccharide and its effectiveness in poultry, and provides a theoretical basis for the application and research of Astragalus polysaccharide in poultry breeding. Astragalus polysaccharide this is one of the main components of Chinese traditional medicine. However in the modern time Astragalus polysaccharide it is a new type of feed additive that can replace antibiotics in animal husbandry. Taking into account the current situation in modern poultry farming with meat quality, the use of this preparation can significantly affect both the quality and the price of poultry meat. In recent years, there have been more and more studies on Astragalus polysaccharide, and some of the components and biological effects of Astragalus polysaccharide have gradually been recognized by researchers. As a natural plant feed additive, Astragalus polysaccharide can significantly promote the body's non-specific immunity and specific immunity, and improve the body's resistance without causing drug resistance and drug residues. However, there are relatively few systematic studies and related mechanisms on the application of Astragalus polysaccharide in animal production.

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14

Wang, Jia, Junying Jia, Li Song, Xue Gong, Jianping Xu, Min Yang, and Minhui Li. "Extraction, Structure, and Pharmacological Activities of Astragalus Polysaccharides." Applied Sciences 9, no. 1 (December 31, 2018): 122. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9010122.

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The Astragalus polysaccharides (APS) are important bioactive components of Astragali Radix, the dry root of Astragalus membranaceus, which has been used in traditional Chinese medicine. In this review, the extraction conditions and extraction rates of APS are first compared for water, microwave-assisted, ultrasonic wave, and enzymatic hydrolysis extraction methods. Some studies have also shown that different methods can be combined to improve the extraction rate of APS. Subsequently, the chemical composition and structure of APS are discussed, as related to the extraction and purification method. Most studies have shown that APS is mainly composed of glucose, in addition to rhamnose, galactose, arabinose, xylose, mannose, glucuronic acid, and galacturonic acid. We also reviewed studies on the modification of APS using chemical methods, including sulfated modification using the chlorosulfonic acid–pyridine method, which is commonly used for chemical modification of APS. Finally, the pharmacological activities and mechanisms of action of APS are summarized, with a special focus on its immunoregulatory, antitumor, anti-inflammatory, and antiviral effects. This review will serve as a valuable resource for the research on APS.

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15

López García, David, Juan Francisco JIménez Martínez, and Pedro Sánchez Gómez. "Sobre la presencia de Astragalus guttatus Banks & Solander, en la provincia de Almería. On the presence of Astragalus guttatus Banks & Solander in the province of Almería." Acta Botanica Malacitana 37 (December 1, 2012): 235–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.24310/abm.v37i0.2668.

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On the presence of Astragalus guttatus Banks & Solander in the province of Almería. Palabras clave. Astragalus, corología, conservación, Almería, Andalucía. Key words. Astragalus, chorology, conservation, Almeria, Andalusia.

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16

Yu, B. H., Z. B. Nan, Y. Z. Li, and H. L. Lin. "Resistance of standing milkvetch (Astragalus adsurgens) varieties to Embellisia astragali." Crop and Pasture Science 63, no. 4 (2012): 351. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp12107.

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Yellow stunt and root rot caused by Embellisia astragali are major factors contributing to declining yields of standing milkvetch (Astragalus adsurgens). The resistance of ten varieties of standing milkvetch to E. astragali was evaluated under laboratory, greenhouse, and field conditions. Seed germination/emergence, shoot and root length, plant dry weight, disease incidence, mortality, and disease severity index were monitored. The results show that Shanxi and Zhongsha No. 1 varieties had the best agronomic traits and lowest levels of disease in all experiments, while the varieties Neimeng and Ningxia had the highest susceptibility to disease. Germination/emergence differed significantly (P < 0.05) between varieties after inoculation, and compared with the control, germination/emergence of inoculated treatments of nine varieties decreased on average by 1.5% in laboratory experiments and by 4.1% in greenhouse experiments at 15 days after inoculation. Inoculation reduced shoot length by an average of 24.4% and 41.5% (P < 0.05) in laboratory and greenhouse experiments, respectively, in six of ten varieties. All varieties showed significantly (P < 0.05) lower plant dry weight following inoculation, with reductions ranging from 0.3 to 0.6 mg in the laboratory and from 82.6 to 149.4 mg in the greenhouse. Resistance to the pathogen was evaluated on the basis of disease incidence, a disease severity index (DSI), and mortality; varieties showing different resistance were grouped using cluster analysis. There were significant correlations between the results of laboratory and greenhouse experiments (r = 0.79; P < 0.01) and between greenhouse and field experiments (r = 0.83; P < 0.01) across all varieties. Multiple regression analysis between laboratory/greenhouse and field experiments on DSI suggested that screening in the laboratory/greenhouse could be an alternative method of rapidly estimating DSI under field conditions.

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17

Yu, Manshu, Jun Shi, Meixiao Sheng, Kun Gao, Lu Zhang, Li Liu, and Yilin Zhu. "Astragalus Inhibits Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition of Peritoneal Mesothelial Cells by Down-Regulating β-Catenin." Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry 51, no. 6 (2018): 2794–813. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000495972.

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Background/Aims: The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of peritoneal mesothelial cells (PMCs) is a crucial event in the induction of peritoneal fibrosis (PF), in which canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling participates. Smads signaling is reported to interact with β-catenin and synergistically regulates EMT. This study was aimed to reveal the effect of Astragalus on β-catenin in EMT of PMCs. Methods: To obtain the role of β-catenin in EMT, gene transfer into HMrSV5 cell line and rats has been achieved. After Astragalus treatment, EMT markers and signaling pathway-related indicators were detected by western blotting, immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry, immunoprecipitation and real time-PCR. Results: β-catenin knockdown suppressed EMT of HMrSV5 cells. Astragalus alleviated EMT of PMCs characterized by increased E-cadherin and decreased α-SMA and Vimentin. In rat model of peritoneal dialysis (PD), Astragalus attenuated peritoneal thickening and fibrosis. Astragalus down-regulated β-catenin by stabilizing the Glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β)/β-catenin complex and further inhibited the nuclear translocation of β-catenin. Meanwhile, Astragalus down-regulated β-catenin by enhancing Smad7 expression. Silencing Smad7 antagonized the EMT-inhibitory effect of Astragalus. Conclusion: Astragalus inhibits EMT of PMCs by down-regulating β-catenin. The modulation of β-catenin in peritoneum can be a novel tool to prevent PF.

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18

Isaev, M. I., and B. A. Imomnazarov. "Triterpene glycosides of Astragalus and their genins XXXVII. Cycloaraloside F from Astragalus amarus and Astragalus villosissimus." Chemistry of Natural Compounds 27, no. 3 (1991): 323–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00630318.

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19

Sümbül, H. "Ten new species from Anatolia and two new records for the Flora of Turkey." Edinburgh Journal of Botany 48, no. 1 (January 1991): 27–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960428600003577.

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Ten new endemic species are described from Anatolia: Astragalus chamberlainianus H. Sümbül, Astragalus citriniflorus H. Sümbül, Astragalus anamurensis H. Sümbül, Astragalus turcicus H. Sümbül (Fabaceae), Cephalaria peshmenii H. Sümbül, Cephalaria gazipashensis H. Sümbül (Dipsacaceae), Scorzonera longiana H. Sümbül (Asteraceae), Alkaima angustifolia H. Sümbül, Alkanna milliana H. Sümbül, Alkanna dumanii H. Sümbül (Boraginaceae). The following two taxa are recorded from Turkey for the first time: Cirsium libanoticum DC. subsp. libanoticum. Euphorbia forsskalii (Boiss.) Gay.

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20

Su, Dan, Han-Yi Li, Hao-Ran Yan, Peng-Fei Liu, Liu Zhang, and Jian-Hua Cheng. "A Astragalus Improved Cardiac Function of Adriamycin-Injured Rat Hearts by Upregulation of SERCA2a Expression." American Journal of Chinese Medicine 37, no. 03 (January 2009): 519–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0192415x09007028.

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The traditional Chinese medical herb Astragalus, the dried root of Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bge., has been widely applied to treat patients with cardiovascular disease in China and has profound cardioprotective effects. This study investigated the effect of Astragalus on hemodynamic changes in adriamycin (ADR)-injured rat hearts and its underlying molecular mechanism. Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups: control, ADR only, ADR + low dose of Astragalus and ADR + high dose of Astragalus. Rats were injected intraperitoneally with 6 equal doses of ADR (cumulative dose, 12 mg/kg) over a period of 2 weeks. Treatment of Astragalus began 1 day before the onset of ADR injection and was given orally once a day for 50 days (3.3 or 10 g/kg/day). Five weeks after the final injection of ADR, rats treated with ADR only showed a significant inhibition of cardiac diastolic function accompanied by the presence of ascites, a remarkable reduction in body weight and heart weight as well as survival rate compared to the controls. Moreover, SERCA2a mRNA and protein expressions in hearts were obviously downregulated by ADR. However, this impaired cardiac function was significantly improved in both doses of Astragalus feeding groups. The amount of ascites was also reduced in a similar extent in these 2 groups. Only the high dose treatment of Astragalus significantly attenuated the changes of SERCA2a expression in injured hearts and improved survival. These results indicated that Astragalus could improve cardiac function of ADR-injured rat hearts, which was partly mediated by upregulation of SERCA2a expression.

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21

Li, Jiaxiang, and Xunlin Yu. "Astragalus wulingensis (Leguminosae), a new species from Hunan China." Phytotaxa 159, no. 4 (February 18, 2014): 279. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.159.4.4.

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A new species of Astragalus Linn. (Leguminosae) from Wuling Mountain of Hunan province, China, Astragalus wulingensis Jia X. Li & X. L. Yu sp. nov. is described, illustrated, and compared with its close relatives. It belongs to section Lotidium Bunge, subgen. Astragalus Bunge. The new species is endemic to Wuling Mountain in NW Hunan Province and has limited populations and vulnerable habitat. Astragalus wulingensis is assessed as Critically Endangered (CR B2c) according to IUCN Red List criteria.

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22

Bartha, László, Nicolae Dragoş, Attila Molnár V., and Gábor Sramkó. "Molecular evidence for reticulate speciation in Astragalus (Fabaceae) as revealed by a case study from sect. Dissitiflori." Botany 91, no. 10 (October 2013): 702–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjb-2013-0036.

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Although hybridization has long been recognized as a major force driving speciation in land plants, it has not yet been evidenced in Astragalus, the largest angiosperm genus. Here, we reveal the possible contribution of hybridization to speciation in Astragalus by employing cloning of the nrDNA ITS region and sampling three plastid regions (ycf1, ndhF–rpl32, and rpl32–trnL) in taxa belonging to sect. Dissitiflori. Phylogenetic network and tree analyses uncovered various levels of intra-individual and intraspecific polymorphism of ITS in most of the taxa investigated. Two distantly related ribotype groups were found to be shared by the closely related polyploids Astragalus pallescens M.Bieb., Astragalus peterfii Jáv., and Astragalus pseudoglaucus Klokov suggesting ancient hybridization followed by incomplete lineage sorting (i.e., shared ancestral polymorphism) in nrDNA ITS. Reticulation is also invoked as an underlying evolutionary process behind the statistically highly supported incongruent placement of A. pseudoglaucus and Astragalus vesicarius subsp. pastellianus (Pollini) Arcang. in nuclear versus plastid phylogenies. The phylogenetic results also shed light on taxonomic controversies in the section, such as the false synonimization of A. peterfii under A. vesicarius s.l. Our results provide evidence for the (at least past) existence of speciation processes driven by hybridization in Astragalus.

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23

Balakrishnan, Biju, Qi Liang, Kevin Fenix, Bunu Tamang, Ehud Hauben, Linlin Ma, and Wei Zhang. "Combining the Anticancer and Immunomodulatory Effects of Astragalus and Shiitake as an Integrated Therapeutic Approach." Nutrients 13, no. 8 (July 27, 2021): 2564. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13082564.

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Astragalus root (Huang Qi) and Shiitake mushrooms (Lentinus edodes) are both considered medicinal foods and are frequently used in traditional Chinese medicine due to their anticancer and immunomodulating properties. Here, the scientific literatures describing evidence for the anticancer and immunogenic properties of Shiitake and Astragalus were reviewed. Based on our experimental data, the potential to develop medicinal food with combined bioactivities was assessed using Shiitake mushrooms grown over Astragalus beds in a proprietary manufacturing process, as a novel cancer prevention approach. Notably, our data suggest that this new manufacturing process can result in transfer and increased bioavailability of Astragalus polysaccharides with therapeutic potential into edible Shiitake. Further research efforts are required to validate the therapeutic potential of this new Hengshan Astragalus Shiitake medicinal food.

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Perrone, Angela, Milena Masullo, Alberto Plaza, Arafa Hamed, and Sonia Piacente. "Flavone and Flavonol Glycosides from Astragalus eremophilus and Astragalus Vogelii." Natural Product Communications 4, no. 1 (January 2009): 1934578X0900400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x0900400117.

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Two new rhamnocitrin glycosides (1 and 2) were isolated from the aerial parts of Astragalus vogelii, along with one known rhamnocitrin glycoside (3). Two known flavonol glycosides (4 and 5) and four known flavone derivatives (6-9) were isolated from the aerial parts of Astragalus eremophilus. Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic methods including 1D- (1H, 13C and TOCSY) and 2D-NMR (DQF-COSY, HSQC, HMBC) experiments, as well as ESIMS analysis.

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25

Cook, Daniel, Dale R. Gardner, Daniel Grum, James A. Pfister, Michael H. Ralphs, Kevin D. Welch, and Benedict T. Green. "Swainsonine and Endophyte Relationships in Astragalus mollissimus and Astragalus lentiginosus." Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 59, no. 4 (February 23, 2011): 1281–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf103551t.

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26

CHAUDHARY, LAL BABU. "Astragalus ladakhense (Galegeae, Leguminosae): a new synonym of Astragalus rhizanthus." Phytotaxa 360, no. 1 (July 10, 2018): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.360.1.8.

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27

Tan, Ri Hong. "The Chemical Constituents Study in the Root of Astragalus membranceus." Advanced Materials Research 1015 (August 2014): 363–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1015.363.

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To sdudy the chemical constituents in root of Astragalus membranceus. Compounds were separated and purified by polyamide column and silica gel column. seven compounds (I--VII) were obtained from the root of Astragalus membranceus:Sucarose (I), β-Sitosterol (II), Formnonetin (7-hydroxy-4-methoxyiso-flavove III), Calycosin (7,3-dihydroxy-4-methoxyisoflavove IV). Their structures were identified On the base melting point, value of Rf, spectral methods. Compounds III and IV are first isolated from the root of Astragalus membranceus. Compounds I,II,V, VI and VII are Compounds are isolated from the root of Astragalus membranceus.

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28

ZHANG, HUAN, SHANSHAN REN, and PING YAN. "Astragalus taledensis, a new species of Leguminosae from Xinjiang, China." Phytotaxa 524, no. 3 (November 5, 2021): 199–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.524.3.4.

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A new species, Astragalus taledensis P. Yan & H. Zhang (Leguminosae), is described from Xinjiang Province, China. Astragalus taledensis is distinguished from other species of Astragalus by its simple leaf, prostrate stem and the type of the legumes. The stamens of A. taledensis are nearly equal in shape and length, which is similar to some species of A. sect. Ornithopodium (eastern group). The species is most similar to Astragalus hamiensis S. B. Ho, from which it differs for the simple leaf, prostrate stem, length of the flower, bract and calyx, and width of the legume.

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29

Auyeung, Kathy K., Quan-Bin Han, and Joshua K. Ko. "Astragalus membranaceus: A Review of its Protection Against Inflammation and Gastrointestinal Cancers." American Journal of Chinese Medicine 44, no. 01 (January 2016): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0192415x16500014.

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Astragalus membranaceus is a major medicinal herb commonly used in many herbal formulations in the practice of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) to treat a wide variety of diseases and body disorders. Among its diversified clinical applications, the potential use of this herb and its chemical constituents in treatments of inflammatory diseases and cancers has been actively investigated in recent years. Astragalus-based treatments have demonstrated significant amelioration of the toxicity induced by other concurrently administered orthodox drugs (e.g., immunosuppressants and cancer chemotherapeutics). The major components of Astragalus membranaceus are polysaccharides, flavonoids, and saponins. Contemporary use of Astragalus membranaceus mainly focuses on its immunomodulating, anti-oxidant, and anti-inflammatory, as well as anticancer effects. In this paper, we summarize the properties of Astragalus membranaceus and its major constituents in the biological system based on experimental and clinical studies. The antitumorigenic mechanisms of a novel Astragalus saponins extract called AST in treating various gastrointestinal cancers are highlighted. We discuss in detail how the Astragalus herb and AST influence the immune system, modulate various cancer signaling pathways, and interact with specific transcription molecules during protection against gastrointestinal inflammation and cancers. This information could help clinicians and scientists develop novel target-specific and effective therapeutic agents that are deprived of major systemic side effects, so as to establish a better treatment regimen in the battle against inflammatory diseases and cancers of the gut.

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CASTILLÓN, EDUARDO ESTRADA, M. SOCORRO GONZÁLEZ-ELIZONDO, and JOSÉ ÁNGEL VILLARREAL QUINTANILLA. "A new species of Astragalus (Fabaceae, Faboideae) from Durango, Mexico." Phytotaxa 288, no. 1 (December 9, 2016): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.288.1.10.

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Chen, Rongfa, Hua Shao, Shiqing Lin, Jin-Jun Zhang, and Kang-Qing Xu. "Treatment with Astragalus membranaceus Produces Antioxidative Effects and Attenuates Intestinal Mucosa Injury Induced by Intestinal Ischemia-Reperfusion in Rats." American Journal of Chinese Medicine 39, no. 05 (January 2011): 879–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0192415x11009275.

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Astragalus membranaceus, also known as huang qi, a traditional Chinese medicine, is often used in formulas for deficiency of vital energy characterized by limb weakness, pale face, and dizziness. Previous studies have shown that Astragalus membranaceus could attenuate intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury induced by hemorrhagic shock in rats; however, the underlying mechanism still remains unclear. Using a hemorrhagic shock rat model to examine the effect of Astragalus membranaceus on intestinal mucosa injury induced by ischemia-reperfusion, we found that treatment (20 g crude drugs/kg, i.v.) produced antioxidative effects in the intestinal mucosa of rats after ischemia-reperfusion (p < 0.05). We also found that Astragalus membranaceus could partly attenuate intestinal mucosa ischemia-reperfusion injury (chiu's score, apoptosis index p < 0.05). These results suggest that Astragalus membranaceus reduces intestinal mucosa injury induced by ischemia-reperfusion in rats, at least in part, through its anti-oxidative effects.

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ESTRADA CASTILLÓN, EDUARDO, JOSÉ ÁNGEL VILLARREAL QUINTANILLA, and ALFONSO-DELGADO SALINAS. "Morphological range changes in Mexican Astragalus radicans Hornem. (Fabaceae: Galegeae): review of its taxonomy and nomenclature." Phytotaxa 470, no. 2 (November 3, 2020): 123–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.470.2.1.

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Continuing with the study of the Astragalus of Mexico and based on the measurement of 30 morphological characters and applying multivariate statistics, the two varieties of Astragalus radicans: A. radicans var. radicans and A. radicans var. harshbergeri were ranked at the species level and have their nomenclature updated. The results of the analysis allow the two infraspecific constitute isolated groups without overlapping between their individuals; therefore, they are raised from varieties to species, Astragalus radicans and Astragalus harshbergeri. A map with the updated distribution was included, and a dichotomous key is provided to identify the species. Both species are placed under the category of Threatened.

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Zeng, Cuiyun, Xiaoyu Zhu, Zhen Cui, and Yanzhong Li. "Antifungal activity of plant extracts against Embellisia astragali, the fungal causal agent of yellow dwarf and root-rot disease of standing milkvetch." Crop and Pasture Science 66, no. 7 (2015): 735. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp15012.

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In an attempt to find biological fungicides, we screened 18 medicinal plants used in Chinese traditional medicine for their activity against Embellisia astragali, the causative fungus of yellow dwarf and root-rot disease in standing milkvetch (Astragalus adsurgens Pall.). The antifungal eﬃcacy of ethanolic extracts of these plants was tested in vitro. Our results show that among the 18 plants tested, the ethanolic extracts of Saposhnikovia divaricata, Allium sativum and Juglans regia totally inhibited mycelial growth of E. astragali. These three extracts also significantly inhibited spore germination of E. astragali, with inhibition rates ranging from 86% to 88%. In addition, the same extract from the same plant part indicated the strongest antifungal activity against E. astragali, with a minimal inhibitory concentration value of 50 mg mL–1. These results demonstrate that plant-derived products have a high potential to control yellow dwarf and root-rot disease in standing milkvetch.

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Zhu, Zhen-Yuan, Jin-Yu Zhang, Fei Liu, Ling Chen, Li-Jing Chen, and Yun Tang. "Characterization and lymphocyte proliferation activity of an oligosaccharide degraded from Astragalus polysaccharide." MedChemComm 8, no. 7 (2017): 1521–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7md00148g.

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Abd El-Ghani, Monier M., Ashraf S. A. El-Sayed, Ahmed Moubarak, Rabab Rashad, Hala Nosier, and Adel Khattab. "Biosystematic Study on Some Egyptian Species of Astragalus L. (Fabaceae)." Agriculture 11, no. 2 (February 4, 2021): 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture11020125.

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Astragalus L. is one of the largest angiosperm complex genera that belongs to the family Fabaceae, subfamily Papilionoideae or Faboideae under the subtribe Astragalinae of the tribe Galegeae. The current study includes the whole plant morphology, DNA barcode (ITS2), and molecular marker (SCoT). Ten taxa representing four species of Astragalus were collected from different localities in Egypt during the period from February 2018 to May 2019. Morphologically, identification and classification of collected Astragalus plants occurred by utilizing the light microscope, regarding the taxonomic revisions of the reference collected Astragalus specimens in other Egyptian Herbaria. For molecular validation, ten SCoT primers were used in this study, producing a unique banding pattern to differentiate between ten samples of Astragalus taxa which generated 212 DNA fragments with an average of 12.2 bands per 10 Astragalus samples, with 8 to 37 fragments per primer. The 212 fragments amplified were distributed as 2 monomorphic bands, 27 polymorphic without unique bands, 183 unique bands (210 Polymorphic with unique bands), and ITS2 gene sequence was showed as the optimal barcode for identifying Astragalus L. using BLAST searched on NCBI database, and afterward, analyzing the chromatogram for ITS region, 10 samples have been identified as two samples representing A. hauarensis, four samples representing A. sieberi, three samples representing A. spinosus and one sample representing A. vogelii. Based on the ITS barcode, A. hauarensis RMG1, A. hauarensis RMG2, A. sieberi RMG1, A. sieberi RMG2, A. sieberi RMG3, A. sieberi RMG4, A. spinosus RMG1, A. spinosus RMG2, A. spinosus RMG3, A. vogelii RMG were deposited into GenBank with accession # MT367587.1, MT367591.1, MT367593.1, MT367585.1, MT367586.1, MT367588.1, MT160347.1, MT367590.1, MT367589.1, MT367592.1, respectively. These results indicated the efficiency of SCoT markers and ITS2 region in identifying and determining genetic relationships between Astragalus species.

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Yan, Huifang, Xiwei Peng, Hao Xu, Jiahuan Zhu, and Changqing Deng. "Inhibition of Aortic Intimal Hyperplasia and Vascular Smooth Muscle Proliferation and Extracellular Matrix Protein Expressions by Astragalus–Angelica Combination." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2018 (August 13, 2018): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/1508637.

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VSMC proliferation and ECM deposition always resulted in intimal hyperplasia. Astragalus–Angelica combination has a protective effect on the cardiovascular system. The inhibition effect of different Astragalus–Angelica combination on the hyperplastic intima after vascular balloon injury in rats was investigated in this study. Astragalus–Angelica combination can inhibit the intima hyperplasia after balloon injury, in which a 1:1 ratio shows excellent results. Astragalus–Angelica combination can enhance the expression of smooth muscleα-actin (SMа-actin) and inhibit the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), cyclin D1, cyclin E, collagen I (Col-I), fibronectin (FN), and matrix metallopeptidase-9 (MMP-9) in hyperplastic intima, suggesting that Astragalus–Angelica combination can inhibit the intimal hyperplasia of blood vessels in rats. The mechanism is related to the inhibition of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway activation and thereby inhibits the phenotypic transformation and cell proliferation of VSMCs and thus inhibits the extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition of vascular wall during intimal hyperplasia.

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Imomnazarov, B. A., and M. I. Isaev. "Triterpeneglycosides of Astragalus and their genins XXXVI. Cycloartanes of Astragalus uninodus." Chemistry of Natural Compounds 27, no. 3 (1991): 381. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00630340.

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Zeng, Guang Xiang, Hai Yan Ou, Qing Yi Wei, and Zheng Xiang Ning. "The Antioxidative Activity and the Fingerprint by HPLC of the Flavonoids of Astragalus mongholicus." Advanced Materials Research 550-553 (July 2012): 1637–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.550-553.1637.

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The flavonoids of eight samples of Huangqi, the roots of Astragalus mongholicus, have been analyzed. The concentration of total flavonoids from different samples of Astragalus Mongholicus, was about 0.5mg/g~1.0mg/g, according to the rutin standard substance. Then the fingerprints were set up and four flavonoids were identified as Calycosin-7-O-β-D-glucoside, 7-Hydroxy-4'-methoxyisoflavone, 7,3'-dihydroxy-4'-methoxyisoflavone and Formononetin-7-O-β-D-glucoside by liquid chromatography. Moreover, the antioxidative activity of flavonoids extractive from Astragalus Mongholicus was also studied and the IC50 of Astragalus flavonoids extractive for scavenging ATBS+ free radical and DPPH•free radical were 0.61 mg/mL and 4 mg/mL respectively

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Meng, Xue, Mingmin Wei, Dong Wang, Xiaohan Qu, Kun Zhang, Nan Zhang, and Xinjian Li. "Astragalus polysaccharides protect renal function and affect the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats." Journal of International Medical Research 48, no. 5 (May 2020): 030006052090361. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0300060520903612.

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Objectives The objective was to observe the effects of Astragalus polysaccharides on diabetes and on regulation of the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway. Methods A type 2 diabetic rat model was established with a high-fat diet in combination with low-dose streptozotocin (35 mg/kg). Astragalus polysaccharides were applied as treatment intervention and changes in blood glucose and kidney morphology and function were assessed. Results Eight weeks after model establishment, kidney weight as a proportion of total weight (KW/TW) in the high-, medium-, and low-dose Astragalus polysaccharide groups was significantly lower than that in the model group, and the KW/TW value gradually decreased with increasing dose of polysaccharides in each treatment group. Fasting blood glucose in the low- and medium-dose Astragalus polysaccharide groups was numerically lower than that in the model group and fasting blood glucose in rats in the high-dose group was significantly lower than that in the model group. Levels of 24-hour urinary microalbumin, creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, collagens I, III, and IV, α-smooth muscle actin, transforming growth factor-β1, and Smad3 in Astragalus polysaccharide groups (all doses) were significantly lower than those in the model group. Conclusions Astragalus polysaccharide significantly improved blood glucose and protected kidney function in a rat diabetes model.

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Sun, Tian, Hao Xu, and Fengqin Xu. "Astragalus Injection for Hypertensive Renal Damage: A Systematic Review." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2012 (2012): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/929025.

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Objective. To evaluate the effectiveness of astragalus injection (a traditional Chinese patent medicine) for patients with renal damage induced by hypertension according to the available evidence.Methods. We searched MEDLINE, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Chinese VIP Information, China Biology Medicine (CBM), and Chinese Medical Citation Index (CMCI), and the date of search starts from the first of database to August 2011. No language restriction was applied. We included randomized controlled trials testing astragalus injection against placebo or astragalus injection plus antihypertensive drugs against antihypertensive drugs. Study selection, data extraction, quality assessment, and data analyses were conducted according to the Cochrane review standards.Results. 5 randomized trials (involving 429 patients) were included and the methodological quality was evaluated as generally low. The pooled results showed that astragalus injection was more effective in lowering β2-microglobulin (β2-MG), microalbuminuria (mAlb) compared with placebo, and it was also superior to prostaglandin in lowering blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine clearance rate (Ccr). There were no adverse effects reported in the trials from astragalus injection.Conclusions. Astragalus injection showed protective effects in hypertensive renal damage patients, although available studies are not adequate to draw a definite conclusion due to low quality of included trials. More rigorous clinical trials with high quality are warranted to give high level of evidence.

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Tan, Xiying, Mengting Xu, Fuyan Liu, Ming Xu, Yi Yao, and Decai Tang. "Antimetastasis Effect of Astragalus membranaceus-Curcuma zedoaria via β-Catenin Mediated CXCR4 and EMT Signaling Pathway in HCT116." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2019 (May 30, 2019): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/9692350.

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Astragalus membranaceus and Curcuma zedoaria, two traditional Chinese medicines, are widely used together in colorectal cancer adjuvant treatment. Many different mechanisms should be involved in the benefit effect of Astragalus membranaceus and Curcuma zedoaria. In this study, we established that the combined extract from Astragalus membranaceus and Curcuma zedoaria (HQEZ) decreased the metastasis ability in colorectal cancer cells (HCT116, a cell line of colorectal carcinoma established from Homo sapiens) in vitro, and the treatment induced the downregulation of EMT signal and decreased CXCR4 expression and the level of β-catenin. Overexpression of CXCR4 and the administration of the agonist and inhibitor to β-catenin signal pathway were used to explore the mechanism of Astragalus membranaceus and Curcuma zedoaria in colorectal cancer treatment. The data demonstrated that HQEZ increased the phosphorylation of β-catenin which related to the degradation of β-catenin, and it induced the downregulation of EMT signal and CXCR4. It meant that the influence of β-catenin should be a key event in the antimetastasis effects of Astragalus membranaceus-Curcuma zedoaria in colorectal cancer model. These findings revealed the potential effect and mechanism of Astragalus membranaceus-Curcuma zedoaria in colorectal cancer treatment and provided insight for optimization of the usage.

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Ha, Yanxiang, Po Huang, Yumeng Yan, Xiaolong Xu, Bo Li, Yuhong Guo, and Qingquan Liu. "A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on a Disease in TCM: Astragalus Injection for Gathering Qi Depression." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2020 (February 12, 2020): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/2803478.

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Zong Qi depression is a disease recorded in the literature of Chinese traditional medicine for a long time. In recent years, the theory of Zong Qi depression has been more and more applied to the diagnosis and treatment of a variety of diseases. Astragalus is the most important drug used to treat the depression of Zong Qi. Meanwhile, Astragalus injection is also widely used in a variety of diseases in accordance with the manifestations of Zong Qi subsidence. However, there is a lack of systematic review or meta-analysis of the clinical effect of Astragalus injection in the treatment of Zong Qi subsidence. Therefore, we searched for diseases characterized by symptoms of Zong Qi subsidence (including heart failure, respiratory failure, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and acute lung injury) and evaluated the effect of Astragalus injection in these diseases with mortality and distance of a 6-minute walking test. The results showed that the mortality of patients with subsidence of Zong Qi decreased in 1 month (OR, 0.26 [0.12, 0.61], 95% CI, P=0.002) and 1 year (OR, 0.38 [0.20, 0.69], 95% CI, P=0.002) after using Astragalus injection. The distance of 6-minute walking test after 7 (MD, 91.60 [6.89, 176.31], 95% CI, P=0.03), 14 (MD, 22.62 [13.80, 31.43], 95% CI, P<0.00001), and 28 days (MD, 108.31 [30.02, 186.59], 95% CI, P=0.007) of using Astragalus injection also increased. Therefore, we believe that Astragalus injection has a certain therapeutic effect on the depression of Zong Qi.

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Pozdnyakova, T. A., and R. A. Bubenchikov. "THE STUDY OF ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF THE HERB ASTRAGALUS GLYCYPHYLLUS L." Aspirantskiy Vestnik Povolzhiya 19, no. 1-2 (March 15, 2019): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/2072-2354.2019.19.1.27-32.

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Topicality. In the process of originating and development of many diseases, an important role belongs to free radicals, which trigger chain reactions leading to damage of cells and tissues. The natural antioxidants can help to neutralize free radicals, among which phenolic compounds are the most active. The presence of these groups of biologically active substances in the herb Astragalus glycyphyllus L. suggests the presence of antioxidant activity in the phyto-complexes of the studied plant. The purpose of this research was to study the antioxidant activity of extracts from the herb Astragalus glycyphyllus L. Materials and methods. The object of the study was the air-dry herb Astragalus glycyphyllus L. harvested in the period of mass flowering. To obtain the most reliable results of the study, the investugation of the antioxidant activity of extracts from the herb Astragalus glycyphyllus L. was carried out by two met hods: by the method based on the chemical reaction between potassium permanganate and regenerating biologically active substances contained in extracts from the studied plant and by spectrophotometry of free radicals based on the reaction interactions of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl with antioxidants contained in plant raw materials. To establish the dependence between the antioxidant activity and the presence of phenolic compounds in the plant, the content of flavonoids and hydroxycinnamic acids in Astragalus glycyphyllus L. was determined. Results. It was found that all the studied extracts from the herb Astragalus glycyphyllus L. have antioxidant activity, but their values are different depending on the used extractant. In this case, a consistent pattern is observed between the content in the extraction of phenolic compounds (hydroxycinnamic acids and flavonoids) and the magnitude of antioxidant activity. Conclusions. As a result of the conducted research, the total antioxidant activity of extracts from the herb Astragalus glycyphyllus L. was established. Its value was found to be related to the content of phenolic compounds in the plant by a positive correlation. The obtained data indicate the promising use of the herb Astragalus glycyphyllus L. as a source of natural antioxidants. · Keywords: Astragalus glycyphyllus L.; antioxidant activity; flavonoids; hydroxycinnamic acids; free radicals.

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Wei, Xiyun, Jinkun Zhang, Jun Li, and Subiao Chen. "Astragalus mongholicus and Polygonum multiflorum's Protective Function Against Cyclophosphamide Inhibitory Effect on Thymus." American Journal of Chinese Medicine 32, no. 05 (January 2004): 669–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0192415x04002338.

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The protective effects of two Chinese herbs, Astragalus mongholicus, Polygonum multiflorum and Astragalus mongholicus-Polygonum multiflorum in combination against thymus injury induced by cyclophosphamide were evaluated by transmission electron microscopy, image analysis, DNA gel electrophoresis as well as flow cytometry. Results showed that mice pretreated with cyclophosphamide had degenerated thymus with less normal thymocytes; when those mice were treated with the herbs, thymus morphology improved. The apoptosis analysis showed the thymus treated with the herbs had fewer apoptotic thymocytes than the thymus pretreated with cyclophosphamide only. In conclusion, Astragalus mongholicus and Polygonum multiflorum have protective effects on the thymus against cyclophosphamide-induced injury. Their protective effects partly attribute to reduced apoptosis. Astragalus mongholicus-Polygonum multiflorum in combination has better effects than either of the two herbs.

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Chen, Ruiqun, Chengbin Liao, Qian Guo, Lirong Wu, Lei Zhang, and Xiufeng Wang. "Combined systems pharmacology and fecal metabonomics to study the biomarkers and therapeutic mechanism of type 2 diabetic nephropathy treated with Astragalus and Leech." RSC Advances 8, no. 48 (2018): 27448–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8ra04358b.

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In our study, systems pharmacology was used to predict the molecular targets of Astragalus and Leech, and explore the therapeutic mechanism of type 2 diabetic nephropathy (T2DN) treated with Astragalus and Leech.

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Krasteva, Ilina, and Stefan Nikolov. "Flavonoids in Astragalus corniculatus." Química Nova 31, no. 1 (2008): 59–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-40422008000100012.

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He, Zheng-Quan, and John A. Findlay. "Constituents of Astragalus membranaceus." Journal of Natural Products 54, no. 3 (May 1991): 810–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/np50075a009.

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Mamedova, R. P., and M. I. Isaev. "Triterpenoids from Astragalus Plants." Chemistry of Natural Compounds 40, no. 4 (July 2004): 303–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/b:conc.0000048246.16075.62.

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Naubeev, T. Kh, K. K. Uteniyazov, V. V. Kachala, and A. S. Shashkov. "Cycloartanes from Astragalus flexus." Chemistry of Natural Compounds 43, no. 3 (May 2007): 360. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10600-007-0135-9.

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Guzhva, N. N. "Coumarins from Astragalus asper." Chemistry of Natural Compounds 44, no. 6 (November 2008): 767–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10600-009-9178-4.

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