Journal articles: 'ASTM A105 carbon-steel pipe'

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Lee, Yun-Ho, Geon-Il Kim, Kyung-Min Kim, Sang-Jin Ko, Woo-Cheol Kim, and Jung-Gu Kim. "Localized Corrosion Occurrence in Low-Carbon Steel Pipe Caused by Microstructural Inhomogeneity." Materials 15, no. 5 (March 2, 2022): 1870. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15051870.

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In this study, the cause of failure of a low-carbon steel pipe meeting standard KS D 3562 (ASTM A135), in a district heating system was investigated. After 6 years of operation, the pipe failed prematurely due to pitting corrosion, which occurred both inside and outside of the pipe. Pitting corrosion occurred more prominently outside the pipe than inside, where water quality is controlled. The analysis indicated that the pipe failure occurred due to aluminum inclusions and the presence of a pearlite inhomogeneous phase fraction. Crevice corrosion occurred in the vicinity around the aluminum inclusions, causing localized corrosion. In the large pearlite fraction region, cementite in the pearlite acted as a cathode to promote dissolution of surrounding ferrite. Therefore, in the groundwater environment outside of the pipe, localized corrosion occurred due to crevice corrosion by aluminum inclusions, and localized corrosion was accelerated by the large fraction of pearlite around the aluminum inclusions, leading to pipe failure.

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Scavuzzo, R. J., P. C. Lam, and J. S. Gau. "Experimental Studies of Ratcheting of Pressurized Pipe." Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology 113, no. 2 (May 1, 1991): 210–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2928748.

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In these studies, both dynamic and static tests were conducted on pressurized pipe. Dynamic tests were run on 1 in. Schedule 40 and Schedule 10 seamless 304 stainless steel pipe. Welded 1 in. Schedule 40 304 stainless steel pipe and seamless carbon steel (ASTM A106) pipe were tested statically. Internal pressures varied from 1000 psi to 3000 psi. In these tests, axial bending stresses from either inertial loads or static loads were superposed on to the initial pressure stresses. Strain gages were used to measure the cyclic strains on the outer walls of the pipe. Measurements indicated that ratcheting occurred primarily in the hoop direction and varied from a maximum at the top and bottom of the pipe that had the highest bending stresses to zero at the neutral axis. Though ratcheting occurred primarily in the hoop direction, some ratcheting in the axial direction was observed in 304 stainless steel pipe in both static and dynamic tests. Axial ratcheting was insignificant in the carbon steel pipe. Data obtained from these tests are presented. Measured ratcheting strains are compared to approximations of Beaney, Edmunds and Beer and to finite element computations.

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Sultan, Jamal Nayief, Muna Khethier Abbas, Marwa Abd-al Kareem Ibrahim, Emad Toma Karash, Adel M. Ali, and Hssein A. Ibrhim. "Corrosion Behavior of Thermal Seamless Carbon Steel Boiler Pipes." Annales de Chimie - Science des Matériaux 45, no. 5 (October 31, 2021): 399–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.18280/acsm.450506.

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The current study was absorbed on corrosion of ASTM A106 grade B -02 seamless carbon steel boiler pipes. Beyond corrosion experiments in corrosive medium with varying pH values, the weight lost in addition to corrosion rate (m.p.y) values were computed. The weight loss of boiler tube specimens exposed to corrosive liquid was shown to rise as the exposure period of the specimens increased. The results of the microstructure imaging showed that a de-carburized film of 240 µm thickness was shaped on the fireside of the pipe boiler, with ferrite and a few phases of pearlite. On the water lateral side, it was revealed that boiler pipe failure begins with small rust particles that expand to greater sizes and form scales that are displaced from the boiler pipe's surface. On the surfaces of the boiler pipe water side, several pits with crevice corrosion were observed. The corrosion amounts were discovered to decrease when the specimens' exposure time to corrosive environments and hydrogen ion concentration contents increased (pH). The findings of mechanical characteristic values such as hardness, yield strength, and tensile strength revealed that the waterside had higher values than the fireside, while the middle of the pipe had reasonable values. The findings also demonstrated that at low pH values, a tiny size of rust was created on the boiler tube specimen surface. However, at high pH values of corrosive medium, big sizes of corrosion rust were observed on the specimen surfaces.

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Kim, Kyeong Suk, Chan Sik Park, Dong Pyo Hong, Man Yong Choi, Ho Seob Chang, and Hyun Chul Jung. "Defect Size Measurement of Wall Thinned Pipe Using Shearography and Digital Image Correlation." Key Engineering Materials 488-489 (September 2011): 494–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.488-489.494.

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Defect size of wall thinned pipe is measured by using Speckle Shearing Interferometry (SSI) and Digital Image Correlation (DIC) techniques. A wall thinned defect of a carbon steel pipe was typically caused by flow accelerated corrosion (FAC). As wall thinned pipe can cause a huge accident at the nuclear power plant (NPP), a wall thinned defect should be detected for structure safety. SSI is one of the optical nondestructive techniques and can provide to inspect in real-time and to measure on the whole visible area at a time. DIC is a kind of the visual testing method. This method which uses a stereo vision system can measure the deformation or strain/stress of a structure in 3D. In this paper, ASTM A106 Gr.B carbon steel pipe is used as specimen. When the pressure load is provided by the pressure pump, the out-of-plane deformation along the longitudinal direction of a pipe can be detected quantitatively. Both results of SSI and DIC experiments are compared.

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Mohd Salleh, Mohd Arif Anuar, Shaiful Rizam Shamsudin, Azmi Kamardin, Hafizan Hassan, and Noor Hamidi Mohd Noor. "Metallurgical Failure Analysis of a Closed Recirculation System Water Cooling Pipe." Advanced Materials Research 795 (September 2013): 474–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.795.474.

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Catastrophic failure is often associated with a large temperature rise. This situation may lead to a drastic deterioration in material strength where a cooling system is important for a smooth system plant operation to prevent catastrophic failure to its equipments, parts or processes. In this study, a part of a failed closed recirculation system water cooling pipe in a steel manufacturing plant in Malaysia has been investigated for detailed failure analysis. A steam leakage of a water cooling pipe with a closed recirculation system operation made of ASTM A106/A (Carbon Steel Pipes for high temp service) was detected. The aim of this study is to explore the evidence related to the water cooling pipe leakage and to investigate the cause of failure. Detailed investigation was carried out by visual inspection, optical microscopy and hardness testing. With the evidence obtained, due to presence of water scale and prolonged overheating, decarburization had occurred. During decarburization, it was found that carbon elements from inner surface tube had depleted through the outer tube surface. The accumulation of carbon elements on the outer tube surface appears to show significantly higher brittle zone in the outer tube and with the presence of tensile stress developed from operating thermal cycle which subsequently resulted in crack. It can be concluded that the water cooling pipe leakage was due to thermal fatigue.

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Andsaler, Adiba Rhaodah, Wilver Philip, Izman Sudin, and Mohd Zamri Mohd Yusop. "Effects of graphene polymer nano composite coating on corrosion resistance of Astm A106 carbon steel pipe." Malaysian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences 16, no. 4 (August 26, 2020): 483–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.11113/mjfas.v16n4.1931.

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Wide application prospects of graphene in the corrosion protection coatings field are owing to its excellent mechanical properties, outstanding chemical stability, corrosion resistance, and high corrosion resistance. Anti-corrosion composite was prepared using multilayer graphene powder as a filler and epoxy resin in this work to investigate the effect of graphene compositions in the zinc-rich epoxy (ZRE) as the modified anti-corrosion coating for carbon steel pipe. Using SEM for morphology along with the electrochemical performance was associated with changed content composite coating of graphene and pure epoxy resin coating. The measurement for open-circuit potential (OCP), the potentiostat polarization curve (Tafel Plot), and the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) of the coating were conducted in order to investigate the influence of additional of graphene on the basic properties and corrosion resistance. From the experimental results, the increasing content of graphene led by the increasing value of OCP as the test system was stable, also the coating of high content graphene sustained a moderately high OCP ability with the increase of immersion time. From the results in the industrial environment, 0.1wt% Graphene + 99.9wt% ZRE in a 240μm coating layer would be sufficient as the corrosion rate is 0.0087204mmpy and three times lower compare to 100wt% ZRE. In a nutshell, the addition of graphene improves the impenetrability of the composite coating.

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Hagarová, Mária, Jana Cervová, and Marek Vojtko. "Corrosion Degradation of Steel Pipes in Indirect Cooling Circuit of Gas Cleaning." Materials Science Forum 811 (December 2014): 41–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.811.41.

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The paper deals with corrosion damage to steel pipes which were a part of the indirect cooling circuit of gas cleaning. The pipes were made from steel ASTM A106 Gr.B. The outer surface of pipes of the inside part of the circuit was affected by flue gases with mean temperature of approximately 1200 °C. The pipes of the outside part of the circuit were exposed to outer environment with mean temperature of about 25 °C. The cooling water flowing in these pipes had mean temperature of about 20 °C and contained a corrosion inhibitor based on zinc chloride (with addition of hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid and PBTC). Flow rate of cooling water was 3700 m3/h, its total volume 1500 m3, and the pressure of cooling water was 600 kPa. The achieved thickening of cooling water was N=4. Side filtering was accomplished by a filter DPF 4000. The pipes of the cooling circuit were welded to each other, which initiated stress stimulating development of cracks on the outer surface of pipes in the heat-affected zone, Fig.1. The existing technological conditions resulted in formation of deposits on the outer pipe surfaces. Their presence changed thermal conditions in steel pipes.

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Rossi, Stefano, Francesca Russo, Alberto Maria Lemmi, Matteo Benedetti, and Viglio Fontanari. "Fatigue Corrosion Behavior of Friction Welded Dissimilar Joints in Different Testing Conditions." Metals 10, no. 8 (July 29, 2020): 1018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met10081018.

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Our study will be focused on stainless steel AISI 304—carbon steel ASTM A105 joints obtained by rotary friction welding and on their fatigue corrosion behavior in different testing environments. As a first thing, the joints will be characterized by microscopy and electrochemical techniques. The manuscript will then describe the optimization of the experimental setup and the validation of the testing procedure. After that, the fatigue behavior of the joints will be tested in different aggressive environments. This study pointed out that it is possible to build a simple and low-cost setup for the study of fatigue corrosion behavior of dissimilar joints while exploiting in situ electrochemical measurements to follow the fatigue corrosion process.

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Kachinskyi, V. S., and Yupiter HP Manurung. "Investigations of the quality of welded joints of pipes from steel of ASTM A106/API 5L grade, using magnetically impelled arc butt welding." Paton Welding Journal 2021, no. 11 (November 28, 2021): 9–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.37434/tpwj2021.11.02.

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Kuntadi, Koos Sardjono. "KAJIAN KERUSAKAN MATERIAL SUPERHEATER TUBE 2” DENGAN PENDEKATAN STANDAR ASTM." Jurnal Standardisasi 8, no. 2 (July 1, 2008): 74. http://dx.doi.org/10.31153/js.v8i2.663.

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<p>Equipments used in industry process and migas is generally designed from alloy of steel which hold up to high temperature and attack corrosion. Based on that, it’s require to be conducted an material operation and election, like a component Boiler that is Secondary Superheater is generally weared by pipe from alloy of steel material Cr- Mo or steel with Austenitik type.<br />To know the damage of Secondary Superheater tube 2" material, can be conducted by a chemical composition analysis, test inspection metalografi and hardness. The damage of Material Secondary Superheater tube 2" at the extension las elbow in the form of rip on second potition (ASTM SA - 192) representing a militant low strength carbon material pipe, while on the first potition which there are not pipe material damage representing a militant high strength carbon (ASTM SA - 106 grade C) which a different thick each other. Attenuating showed the thick degradation which possible because of local stream turbulensi warm-up existence and which is high enough, this matter is shown with existence</p>

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Ayof, Mohamad Nizam, Z. M. Noh, and N. I. S. Hussein. "Mechanical Properties Comparison of Stainless Steel 304L and Carbon Steel BS1387 Prior to Orbital Welding." Applied Mechanics and Materials 761 (May 2015): 79–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.761.79.

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Dissimilar metal joint (DMJ) is one of many joining methods for welding processes which is common in the power plant, chemical and petrochemical industries. Stainless steel pipe and carbon steel pipe are the most widely used in this technique. In order to perform DMJ to these metals, it is important to understand the mechanical properties of both base materials. In this study, the characterizations of stainless steel (SS) 304L and carbon steel (CS) BS1387 were made. The SS 304L and CS BS1387 were cut out from pipes according to ASTM E 8M-04, before their tensile and microhardness properties were measured and evaluated. The results show that the SS 304L has better mechanical properties compared to the CS BS1387 pipe in terms of tensile strength and hardness. Due to the higher mechanical properties, SS 304L was selected to conduct higher temperature water, while CS BS1387 was selected to conduct room temperature water.

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Silva, Cleiton Carvalho, Arlindo Braga de Souza Neto, Francisco Diego Araruna da Silva, Francisco Edval Sampaio de Freitas Júnior, and Jesualdo Pereira Farias. "Welding of ASTM A106 Gr. B steel pipes for high-temperature service – part 1 – residual stress analysis." Welding International 23, no. 4 (April 2009): 270–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09507110802543476.

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Chidambaram, S., K. Ashok, V. Karthik, and P. G. Venkatakrishnan. "Microbiological corrosion of ASTM SA105 carbon steel pipe for industrial fire water usage." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 314 (February 2018): 012027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/314/1/012027.

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Silva, Cleiton Carvalho, Arlindo Braga de Souza Neto, Francisco Diego Araruna da Silva, Francisco Edval Sampaio de Freitas Júnior, and Jesualdo Pereira Farias. "Welding of the ASTM A106 Gr. B steel pipes for high-temperature service – part 2 – microstructure and hardness." Welding International 24, no. 3 (March 2010): 231–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09507110902843958.

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Kachinskyi, V. S., and Yupiter HP Manurung. "Investigations of the quality of welded joints of pipes from steel of ASTM A106/API 5L grade, using magnetically impelled arc butt welding." Avtomatičeskaâ svarka (Kiev) 2021, no. 11 (November 28, 2021): 15–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.37434/as2021.11.03.

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Khattak, M. A., N. Zareen, Anique Mukhtar, S. Kazi, Amena Jalil, Zaheer Ahmed, and Miraj Muhammad Jan. "Root cause analysis (RCA) of fractured ASTM A53 carbon steel pipe at oil & gas company." Case Studies in Engineering Failure Analysis 7 (October 2016): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.csefa.2016.04.002.

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Abdul Khadeer, Sk, P. Ramesh Babu, B. Ravi Kumar, and A. Seshu Kumar. "Analysis of Mechanical and Metallurgical Properties of Friction Welded ASTM A106Gr.B Carbon Steel Pipe Joints by Varying Upset Pressures." Indian Welding Journal 52, no. 2 (April 1, 2019): 74. http://dx.doi.org/10.22486/iwj.v52i2.181780.

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Poletskov, Pavel, Marina Gushchina, Marina Polyakova, Daniil Alekseev, Olga Nikitenko, Dmitrii Chukin, and Yuri Vasil’ev. "Development of Alloyed Pipe Steel Composition for Oil and Gas Production in the Arctic Region." Resources 8, no. 2 (April 8, 2019): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/resources8020067.

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Gas and oil pipelines for the Arctic region must sustain low temperatures and high internal pressures of a corrosive active medium. Generation of new steel compositions for oil and gas pipelines is an urgent issue in order to ensure their high reliability. Low-carbon steels with a ferritic–pearlitic structure are normally used in pipe production, but they are unable to cope with increased market demands. The main objective of this study is to investigate the influence of the cooling rate on the structure and morphological characteristics of bainite, which determines the exploitation properties of the pipe steels. Dilatometric tests were carried out using a Gleeble 3500 complex. Optical microscope and scanning electron microscope analysis, with the computer image analysis system Thixomet PRO, were used to study the microstructure of steel. Hardness was measured in accordance with ASTM E-384. Morphological characteristics of bainite components that were formed at various cooling rates from 0.05 to 100 °С/s were defined. The novel result of this study is the continuous cooling transformation diagram of undercooled austenite of the steel containing 0.062% С; 1.80% Mn; 0.120% Mo; 0.032% Cr, 0.90% Ni and other elements (Al, Cu, V, Nb, Ti).

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Vyas, Rushi, and Bailey Tye. "A Sequential RFID System for Robust Communication with Underground Carbon Steel Pipes in Oil and Gas Applications." Electronics 8, no. 12 (November 20, 2019): 1374. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics8121374.

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The world’s oil and gas is transported using a network of steel pipelines most of which lie underground. The length of this network in the US/Canada alone is 3.5 million kilometers. Keeping track of pipes in such a network for pipeline-health monitoring, maintenance, and logistics is an acute problem faced by pipeline-operators. Recently, radio-frequency-identification tags (RFIDs) have been proposed for tracking pipelines and even for monitoring pipeline health with additional built-in sensors. Low-cost RFID tags are wirelessly powered and battery-less. However, RFIDs do not function optimally in the presence of magnetic carbon steel pipes that are prevalent in the industry. High-frequency wireless signals also attenuate rapidly through wet soils. In this research, the use of passive RFID sensor platforms for interrogating buried pipes up to 1.25 m deep in the LF bands is proposed. Using magnetic-induction-based communication, a test-comparison between conventional full/half duplex (FDX/HDX) and sequential (SEQ) RFID schemes is detailed. Wireless measurements in the presence of an industry-standard ASTM A-53 carbon-steel pipe show a SEQ RFID offering better immunity against magnetic proximity effects of the pipe’s wall with an 8.3 dB (x6.8) improvement over a FDX/HDX RFID operating under similar conditions over a distance of 80–125 cm at which pipes are typically buried.

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Putra, Reza, Muhammad ., Syifaul Huzni, and Syarizal Fonna. "EXPECTING OF CORROSION RATE IN A MATERIAL AFFECTED BY DIFFERENCES SOIL TYPE IN CONTROLLED ENVIRONMENTS." Materials and Corrosion Engineering Management 1, no. 2 (July 13, 2020): 31–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.26480/macem.02.2020.31.34.

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Research has been done on corrosion rates growth in SA 283 material which is influenced by differences in soil types in controlled environments. A283 grade D materials which are carbon steel formed into pipes with a diameter of 30″ which is used to distribute raw water for industrial needs. Weight loss methods that are in accordance with the ASTM G 162 standard have been used in this study. The buried time of the test specimen is 720 hours as one of the variables in calculating the value of the corrosion rate that occurs. The study was conducted at the Laboratory by controlling the soil structure, reducing potential, moisture level, soil pH level so that it did not change. The results of the study on soil types with a potential redox value of 60.6 mV with a pH level of 5.67 showed the greatest corrosion rate in material A283 that is 19.67 MPY or equal to 0.499 mm/yr. The results of this study concluded that the type of soil and its environment greatly affect the corrosion rate of carbon steel, so special attention is needed in protecting the pipe from corrosion attack.

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Gupta, Suneel K., Vivek Bhasin, K. K. Vaze, A. K. Ghosh, and H. S. Kushwaha. "Effects of Simulated Seismic Loading on LBB Assessment of High Energy Piping." Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology 129, no. 1 (March 13, 2006): 28–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2388998.

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The current Leak Before Break (LBB) assessment is based primarily on the monotonic fracture tearing instability. In it the maximum design accident load is compared with the fracture-tearing resistance load. The effect of cyclic loading has not been generally considered in the fracture assessment of nuclear power plant piping. It is a well-known fact that reversible cyclic loading decreases the fracture resistance of the material, which leads to increased crack growth. Indian nuclear power reactors consider Operational-Basis-Earthquake (OBE) and Safe-Shutdown-Earthquake (SSE) events in the design of various structures, systems, and components. Keeping this in view a series of cyclic tearing tests have been conducted on straight pipes, made of ASTM SA333 Gr.6 carbon steel. This is the material of primary heat transport (PHT) piping material of Indian Pressurized Heavy Water Reactors (PHWR). In this series 13 tests have been carried out circumferentially through wall cracked seamless and circumferential seam welded straight pipes under reversible cyclic bending loading. All the tests have been conducted under quasistatic, i.e., slow loading rates and dynamic inertia effects are not considered. The cyclic test results have been compared with the corresponding monotonic pipe fracture test results. These test results and its comparison with corresponding monotonic tearing clearly illustrate the need of addressing the reduction in apparent fracture toughness of material under reversible cyclic loading and the safe number of load cycles in the LBB assessment.

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Jasni, Nur Akmal Hakim, and Mohamed Azlan Suhot. "Metal Magnetic Memory Inspection of Astm A106 Grade B Steel Pipe in Internal Pressure and Flexural Test." SSRN Electronic Journal, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4208552.

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Journal articles on the topic 'ASTM A105 carbon-steel pipe'

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