Relevant bibliographies by topics / Asthma Prevention

Academic literature on the topic 'Asthma Prevention'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 29 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Asthma Prevention"

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Kaplan, Alan. "Asthma prevention*." Canadian Pharmacists Journal 140, sp3 (November 2007): s10—s10.e1. http://dx.doi.org/10.3821/1913-701x(2008)140[s10:aptfvo]2.0.co;2.

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Bailey, William C. "Asthma Prevention." Chest 104, no. 1 (July 1993): 325–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0012-3692(16)47543-4.

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Sly, R. M. "Asthma Prevention." Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology 96, no. 6 (June 2006): 882. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1081-1206(10)61356-7.

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Bailey, William C., Noreen M. Clark, Richard J. Lemen, Audrey R. Gotsch, George T. O'Connor, and Irwin M. Rosenstock. "Asthma Prevention." Chest 102, no. 3 (September 1992): 216S—231S. http://dx.doi.org/10.1378/chest.102.3_supplement.216s.

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Unger, Donald L. "Asthma Prevention." Chest 104, no. 1 (July 1993): 325. http://dx.doi.org/10.1378/chest.104.1.325.

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Sozańska, Barbara, and Hanna Sikorska-Szaflik. "Diet Modifications in Primary Prevention of Asthma. Where Do We Stand?" Nutrients 13, no. 1 (January 8, 2021): 173. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13010173.

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The steep increase in asthma prevalence, observed worldwide in recent decades, has created an urgent need to search for effective methods of its prevention. Among other environmental factors, changes in diet habits and the potential influence of individual food components on immunological processes have been extensively studied as a potential method of intervention in primary prevention of asthma. The preventive role of some nutrients has been confirmed: unpasteurized milk reduced the risk of asthma in epidemiological studies, vitamin D supplementation was effective in preventing the transient forms of wheezing in small children and high maternal intake of fish oil reduced the risk of persistent wheeze and asthma in children. However, not all studies provided consistent results, and many food ingredients are still pending for defining their role in asthma development. Moreover, a novel approach looking not only at single food ingredients, but the whole dietary patterns and diversity has recently been proposed. In this paper, we discuss the current role of nutrients in asthma primary prevention and the reasons for inconsistencies in the study results. We look at single diet components, but also the whole dietary patterns. We describe the proposed mechanisms of action at different stages of life, identify the role of modifiers and delineate future perspectives on the application of nutrients in targeting strategies for asthma primary prevention.
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Sozańska, Barbara, and Hanna Sikorska-Szaflik. "Diet Modifications in Primary Prevention of Asthma. Where Do We Stand?" Nutrients 13, no. 1 (January 8, 2021): 173. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13010173.

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The steep increase in asthma prevalence, observed worldwide in recent decades, has created an urgent need to search for effective methods of its prevention. Among other environmental factors, changes in diet habits and the potential influence of individual food components on immunological processes have been extensively studied as a potential method of intervention in primary prevention of asthma. The preventive role of some nutrients has been confirmed: unpasteurized milk reduced the risk of asthma in epidemiological studies, vitamin D supplementation was effective in preventing the transient forms of wheezing in small children and high maternal intake of fish oil reduced the risk of persistent wheeze and asthma in children. However, not all studies provided consistent results, and many food ingredients are still pending for defining their role in asthma development. Moreover, a novel approach looking not only at single food ingredients, but the whole dietary patterns and diversity has recently been proposed. In this paper, we discuss the current role of nutrients in asthma primary prevention and the reasons for inconsistencies in the study results. We look at single diet components, but also the whole dietary patterns. We describe the proposed mechanisms of action at different stages of life, identify the role of modifiers and delineate future perspectives on the application of nutrients in targeting strategies for asthma primary prevention.
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Peat, J. K. "Prevention of asthma." European Respiratory Journal 9, no. 7 (June 1, 1996): 1545–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/09031936.96.09071545.

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Boner, A. L., and A. Bodini. "Prevention of asthma." Revue Française d'Allergologie et d'Immunologie Clinique 38, no. 7 (January 1998): S65—S70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0335-7457(98)80074-9.

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Maciag, Michelle C., and Wanda Phipatanakul. "Prevention of Asthma." Chest 158, no. 3 (September 2020): 913–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chest.2020.04.011.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Asthma Prevention"

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Wang, Wei-qing. "Prevention therapy on bone loss in asthmatic patients on high dose inhaled steroids /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1997. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B18540028.

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Amenyah, Augustine M. "Asthma Prevalence: Focus on Prevention Management in Community Settings." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2011. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/iph_theses/203.

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Asthma prevalence continues to increase across the United States of America, affecting more than 43.1 million people and projected to affect over 50 million people by 2025. Asthma prevalence differs by demographic characteristics, such as race, ethnicity, socio-economic status, education, age and gender. Poor quality of life is common among people who suffer from asthma, in addition to school and work absenteeism. In 2008, children 5-17 years old with at least one reported asthma attack missed 10.5 million school days in the past year (CDC, 2010). Healthcare use for asthma is high and disparities remain in asthma healthcare use and reimbursement. In community settings, reimbursement for asthma education and prevention has been problematic due to current reimbursement mechanisms (Bodenheimer et al. (2003); Halterman (2010); CDC (2011) and Laster et al. 2010) that do not go far enough in assisting low-income communities manage their asthma medically nor have uniform standards for billable services associated with asthma management provided by both healthcare professionals and public health workers. A change in reimbursement policy is advocated and the evidence for the effectiveness of community health workers in asthma management is examined.
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Scott, Martha. "The primary prevention of asthma and associated allergic disease." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2013. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/374749/.

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王衛慶 and Wei-qing Wang. "Prevention therapy on bone loss in asthmatic patients on high dose inhaled steroids." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1997. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31214691.

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Conlin, Tim. "Prevention of exercise-induced asthma in an outdoor environment following bronchodialator use in asthmatic children." Virtual Press, 1996. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1020158.

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The purpose of this study was to determine if exercise-induced asthma (EIA) could be prevented in an outdoor environment in asthmatic children attending a summer camp 3 hours after their usual dose of medication. Most studies that test for ETA are done in a controlled environment which may make results not applicable to asthmatic children who spend a lot of their time outside. The relationship of aerobic fitness and level of activity to the severity of EIA were also examined. A total of 25 subjects (10.9+0.9 yrs, M±SD) were tested. Subjects were instructed to run around a grass field circular course (0.1 mile) for 5 minutes. The subjects could stop at any time. Baseline measurements of heart rate, respiratory rate and peak flow were determined before the test and at 1, 5, and 10 minutes following the end of the run. A fall in peak flow of >10% from baseline was considered positive for EIA. A total of 14 subjects experienced EIA following the run. There were no significant differences between the group who experienced EIA and those who did not in terms of heart rate, respiratory rate, or distance run. There was a significant difference between peak flow recordings as expected. Aerobic fitness and physical activity were not related to the severity of EIA. The results of this study suggests that additional medications may be needed to prevent EIA in these children in order to allow participation in activities which may produce EIA. Moreover, 3 hours may be beyond the protection time limit for some asthmatic children.
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Malkovych, N. M. "Nebuliser therapy for prevention and treatment of viral-induced bronchial asthma exacerbation." Thesis, БДМУ, 2017. http://dspace.bsmu.edu.ua:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/17101.

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Bolcas, Paige. "Pathogenesis and Treatment Strategies for Difficult-to-Treat Asthma." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1561393922642685.

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Kuiper, Sandra. "Family history of asthma prognostic impact in infants and cost-effectiveness of primary prevention /." [Maastricht : Maastricht : Universiteit Maastricht] ; University Library, Universiteit Maastricht [host], 2007. http://arno.unimaas.nl/show.cgi?fid=7930.

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Neffen, Hugo, Carlos Fritscher, Francisco Cuevas Schacht, Gur Levy, Pascual Chiarella, Joan B. Soriano, and Daniel Mechali. "Asthma control in Latin America: the Asthma Insights and Reality in Latin America (AIRLA) survey." Pan American Health Organization, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/625754.

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Objectives. The aims of this survey were (1) to assess the quality of asthma treatment and control in Latin America, (2) to determine how closely asthma management guidelines are being followed, and (3) to assess perception, knowledge and attitudes related to asthma in Latin America. Methods. We surveyed a household sample of 2 184 adults or parents of children with asthma in 2003 in 11 countries in Latin America. Respondents were asked about healthcare utilization, symptom severity, activity limitations and medication use. Results. Daytime asthma symptoms were reported by 56% of the respondents, and 51 % reported being awakened by their asthma at night. More than half of those surveyed had been hospitalized, attended a hospital emergency service or made unscheduled emergency visits to other healthcare facilities for asthma during the previous year. Patient perception of asthma control did not match symptom severity, even in patients with severe persistent asthma, 44.7% of whom regarded their disease as being well or completely controlled. Only 2.4% (2.3% adults and 2.6% children) met all criteria for asthma control. Although 37% reported treatment with prescription medications, only 6% were using inhaled corticosteroids. Most adults (79%) and children (68%) in this survey reported that asthma symptoms limited their activities. Absence from school and work was reported by 58% of the children and 31% of adults, respectively. Conclusions. Asthma control in Latin America falls short of goals in international guidelines, and in many aspects asthma care and control in Latin America suffer from the same shortcomings as in other areas of the world.
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Lulham, George W. "The effect of cytokine administration on treatment and prevention of asthma in a sensitized mouse model." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape4/PQDD_0008/NQ52173.pdf.

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Books on the topic "Asthma Prevention"

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Lung, and Blood Institute National Heart. Global initiative for asthma: Global strategy for asthma management and prevention. 2nd ed. Bethsda, MD: U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, 2002.

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San Francisco (Calif.). Asthma Task Force. CAFA report to the community on asthma. San Francisco: San Francisco Asthma Task Force, 2008.

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San Francisco (Calif.). Asthma Task Force. Strategic plan: Draft. San Francisco: San Francisco Asthma Task Force, 2003.

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San Francisco (Calif.). Asthma Task Force. Strategic plan on asthma for the City and County of San Francisco. San Francisco: San Francisco Asthma Task Force, 2003.

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Force, Laboratory Centre for Disease Control (Canada) National Asthma Control Task. The prevention and management of asthma in Canada: A major challenge now and in the future : a report from the National Asthma Control Task Force. [Canada]: The Task Force, 2000.

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Canada, Canada Health. The prevention and management of asthma in Canada: A major challenge now and in the future : a report from the National Asthma Control Task Force. Ottawa: Health Canada, 2000.

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1953-, Stewart Paula J., and Sales Paul D. 1950-, eds. The prevention and management of asthma in Canada: A major challenge now and in the future : a report from the National Asthma Control Task Force. Ottawa, Ont: National Asthma Control Task Force, 2000.

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National, Asthma Education and Prevention Program (National Heart Lung and Blood Institute). Expert panel report: Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of asthma : update on selected topics, 2002. Bethesda, Md.]: U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, National Institutes of Health, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Asthma Education and Prevention Program, 2003.

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San Francisco (Calif.). Asthma Task Force. S.F. Asthma Task Force: History & legacy (10/2001). [San Francisco: San Francisco Asthma Task Force, 2001.

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Deaves, Doreen M. Assessing the value of health education in the prevention of childhood asthma. Birmingham: University of Central England in Birmingham, 1992.

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Book chapters on the topic "Asthma Prevention"

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Tarlo, Susan M., Rolf Merget, Eva Suarthana, Julie McKibben, and Jean-Luc Malo. "Prevention." In Asthma in the Workplace, 111–22. 5th ed. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003000624-10.

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Nyenhuis, Sharmilee M., and William W. Busse. "Recalcitrant Asthma." In Allergy Frontiers: Therapy and Prevention, 145–70. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-99362-9_9.

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Gustafson, Elaine. "Asthma, Childhood." In Encyclopedia of Primary Prevention and Health Promotion, 199–207. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-0195-4_28.

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Wenzel, Sally E. "Glucocorticoid Insensitive Asthma." In Allergy Frontiers: Therapy and Prevention, 133–44. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-99362-9_8.

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Reed, Charles E. "Asthma in the Elderly." In Allergy Frontiers: Therapy and Prevention, 499–510. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-99362-9_30.

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Nordman, Henrik. "Prevention and regulatory aspects of exposure to asthmagens in the workplace." In Occupational Asthma, 299–325. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7643-8556-9_17.

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Abrams, David B., J. Rick Turner, Linda C. Baumann, Alyssa Karel, Susan E. Collins, Katie Witkiewitz, Terry Fulmer, et al. "Asthma Education and Prevention Program." In Encyclopedia of Behavioral Medicine, 142–43. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1005-9_727.

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Pulgaron, Elizabeth R. "Asthma Education and Prevention Program." In Encyclopedia of Behavioral Medicine, 165–66. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-39903-0_727.

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Murphy, Vanessa E., and Peter G. Gibson. "Asthma and Rhinitis in Pregnancy." In Allergy Frontiers: Therapy and Prevention, 485–97. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-99362-9_29.

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Popov, Todor A. "Antihistamines in Rhinitis and Asthma." In Allergy Frontiers: Therapy and Prevention, 37–50. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-99362-9_3.

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Conference papers on the topic "Asthma Prevention"

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de Boer, Geertje M., Gert-Jan Braunstahl, Rudi W. Hendriks, and Gerdien A. Tramper. "Bacterial lysates in the prevention of asthma exacerbations in uncontrolled asthma: the Breathe study." In ERS International Congress 2018 abstracts. European Respiratory Society, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2018.pa5008.

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Alharbi, Eman, Farrukh Nadeem, and Asma Cherif. "Smart Healthcare Framework for Asthma Attack Prediction and Prevention." In 2021 National Computing Colleges Conference (NCCC). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/nccc49330.2021.9428842.

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Shikalgar, Sajeeda, Surabhi Marathe, Parisa Rai, and Divya Nadar. "Rule extraction for detection and prevention of asthma attacks." In 2015 IEEE 3rd International Conference on MOOCs, Innovation and Technology in Education (MITE). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mite.2015.7375360.

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Bruzzese, Jean-Marie, Elizabeth K. Fiorino, Laura C. Reigada, Jing Wang, Alexandra Lamm, Janice Rodriguez, and Eva Petkova. "The Role Of Family Functioning And Asthma-Related Anxiety On Prevention And Management Of Asthma In Urban Early Adolescents With Uncontrolled Asthma." In American Thoracic Society 2012 International Conference, May 18-23, 2012 • San Francisco, California. American Thoracic Society, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2012.185.1_meetingabstracts.a1083.

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Seto, Edmund Y. W., Annarita Giani, Victor Shia, Curtis Wang, Posu Yan, Allen Y. Yang, Michael Jerrett, and Ruzena Bajcsy. "A wireless body sensor network for the prevention and management of asthma." In 2009 IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Embedded Systems (SIES). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/sies.2009.5196203.

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Mukhina, Aleksandra Alekseevna. "Developing a Differential Zone for Virus Disease Prevention using Phytoterapy." In International Scientific and Practical Conference, Chair Olga Vladimirovna Nesterova and Nadezhda Viktorovna Nesterova. TSNS Interaktiv Plus, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.21661/r-541016.

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Pulmonology is a branch of medicine that treats diseases of the respiratory system. An important problem in the modern world is chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases: bronchial asthma, emphysema, chronic bronchitis, including obstructive and others. This group of diseases with a transient or permanent violation of airway patency with the development and further progression of respiratory failure.
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Rai, Nooralam, Aseel Al-Jadiri, Hana Al-Harbi, Cornelia Muntean, Kathy Garrett-Szymanski, Nayaab Khawar, and Pramod Narula. "Improving Outpatient Quality of Care for Children with Asthma by Adhering to National Asthma Education and Prevention Program (naepp) Guidelines." In Selection of Abstracts From NCE 2016. American Academy of Pediatrics, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.141.1_meetingabstract.128.

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Bubnov, Rostyslav, and Liudmyla Petrenko. "Asthma-associated factors - Potential predictive markers for patients stratification, personalized treatments and prevention." In ERS International Congress 2016 abstracts. European Respiratory Society, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2016.pa3366.

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Morales, E., D. Strachan, I. Asher, P. Ellwood, N. Pearce, and L. Garcia-Marcos. "P41 Developing a healthy lifestyle index for asthma and allergy prevention in childhood." In Society for Social Medicine and Population Health and International Epidemiology Association European Congress Annual Scientific Meeting 2019, Hosted by the Society for Social Medicine & Population Health and International Epidemiology Association (IEA), School of Public Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland, 4–6 September 2019. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jech-2019-ssmabstracts.192.

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Potaczek, D. P., S. D. Unger, N. Zhang, S. Taka, S. Michel, N. Akdag, F. Lan, et al. "Development and Characterization of Antisense Oligonucleotides Against Human Rhinovirus for Efficient Prevention of Asthma Exacerbation." In American Thoracic Society 2019 International Conference, May 17-22, 2019 - Dallas, TX. American Thoracic Society, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2019.199.1_meetingabstracts.a2949.

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Reports on the topic "Asthma Prevention"

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Rojas Smith, Lucia, Megan L. Clayton, Carol Woodell, and Carol Mansfield. The Role of Patient Navigators in Improving Caregiver Management of Childhood Asthma. RTI Press, April 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2017.rr.0030.1704.

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Childhood asthma is a significant public health problem in the United States. Barriers to effective asthma management in children include the need for caregivers to identify and manage diverse environmental triggers and promote appropriate use of preventive asthma medications. Although health care providers may introduce asthma treatments and care plans, many providers lack the time and capacity to educate caregivers about asthma in an ongoing, sustained manner. To help address these complexities of asthma care, many providers and caregivers rely on patient navigators (defined as persons who provide patients with a particular set of services and who address barriers to care) (Dohan & Schrag, 2005). Despite growing interest in their value for chronic disease management, researchers and providers know little about how or what benefits patient navigators can provide to caregivers in managing asthma in children. To explore this issue, we conducted a mixed-method evaluation involving focus groups and a survey with caregivers of children with moderate-to-severe asthma who were enrolled in the Merck Childhood Asthma Network Initiative (MCAN). Findings suggest that patient navigators may support children’s asthma management by providing individualized treatment plans and hands-on practice, improving caregivers’ understanding of environmental triggers and their mitigation, and giving clear, accessible instructions for proper medication management. Study results may help to clarify and further develop the role of patient navigators for the effective management of asthma in children.
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Gindi, Renee. Health, United States, 2019. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.15620/cdc:100685.

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Health, United States, 2019 is the 43rd report on the health status of the nation and is submitted by the Secretary of the Department of Health and Human Services to the President and the Congress of the United States in compliance with Section 308 of the Public Health Service Act. This report was compiled by the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The Health, United States series presents an annual overview of national trends in key health indicators. The 2019 report presents trends and current information on selected measures of morbidity, mortality, health care utilization and access, health risk factors, prevention, health insurance, and personal health care expenditures in a 20-figure chartbook. The Health, United States, 2019 Chartbook is supplemented by several other products including Trend Tables, an At-a-Glance table, and Appendixes available for download on the Health, United States website at: https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/hus/ index.htm. The Health, United States, 2019 Chartbook contains 20 figures and 20 tables on health and health care in the United States. Examining trends in health informs the development, implementation, and evaluation of health policies and programs. The first section (Figures 1–13) focuses on health status and determinants: life expectancy, infant mortality, selected causes of death, overdose deaths, suicide, maternal mortality, teen births, preterm births, use of tobacco products, asthma, hypertension, heart disease and cancer, and functional limitations. The second section (Figures 14–15) presents trends in health care utilization: use of mammography and colorectal tests and unmet medical needs. The third section (Figures 16–17) focuses on health care resources: availability of physicians and dentists. The fourth section (Figures 18–20) describes trends in personal health care expenditures, health insurance coverage, and supplemental insurance coverage among Medicare beneficiaries. The Highlights section summarizes major findings from the Chartbook. Suggested citation: National Center for Health Statistics. Health, United States, 2019. Hyattsville, MD. 2021.
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Treadwell, Jonathan R., James T. Reston, Benjamin Rouse, Joann Fontanarosa, Neha Patel, and Nikhil K. Mull. Automated-Entry Patient-Generated Health Data for Chronic Conditions: The Evidence on Health Outcomes. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepctb38.

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Background. Automated-entry consumer devices that collect and transmit patient-generated health data (PGHD) are being evaluated as potential tools to aid in the management of chronic diseases. The need exists to evaluate the evidence regarding consumer PGHD technologies, particularly for devices that have not gone through Food and Drug Administration evaluation. Purpose. To summarize the research related to automated-entry consumer health technologies that provide PGHD for the prevention or management of 11 chronic diseases. Methods. The project scope was determined through discussions with Key Informants. We searched MEDLINE and EMBASE (via EMBASE.com), In-Process MEDLINE and PubMed unique content (via PubMed.gov), and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews for systematic reviews or controlled trials. We also searched ClinicalTrials.gov for ongoing studies. We assessed risk of bias and extracted data on health outcomes, surrogate outcomes, usability, sustainability, cost-effectiveness outcomes (quantifying the tradeoffs between health effects and cost), process outcomes, and other characteristics related to PGHD technologies. For isolated effects on health outcomes, we classified the results in one of four categories: (1) likely no effect, (2) unclear, (3) possible positive effect, or (4) likely positive effect. When we categorized the data as “unclear” based solely on health outcomes, we then examined and classified surrogate outcomes for that particular clinical condition. Findings. We identified 114 unique studies that met inclusion criteria. The largest number of studies addressed patients with hypertension (51 studies) and obesity (43 studies). Eighty-four trials used a single PGHD device, 23 used 2 PGHD devices, and the other 7 used 3 or more PGHD devices. Pedometers, blood pressure (BP) monitors, and scales were commonly used in the same studies. Overall, we found a “possible positive effect” of PGHD interventions on health outcomes for coronary artery disease, heart failure, and asthma. For obesity, we rated the health outcomes as unclear, and the surrogate outcomes (body mass index/weight) as likely no effect. For hypertension, we rated the health outcomes as unclear, and the surrogate outcomes (systolic BP/diastolic BP) as possible positive effect. For cardiac arrhythmias or conduction abnormalities we rated the health outcomes as unclear and the surrogate outcome (time to arrhythmia detection) as likely positive effect. The findings were “unclear” regarding PGHD interventions for diabetes prevention, sleep apnea, stroke, Parkinson’s disease, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Most studies did not report harms related to PGHD interventions; the relatively few harms reported were minor and transient, with event rates usually comparable to harms in the control groups. Few studies reported cost-effectiveness analyses, and only for PGHD interventions for hypertension, coronary artery disease, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; the findings were variable across different chronic conditions and devices. Patient adherence to PGHD interventions was highly variable across studies, but patient acceptance/satisfaction and usability was generally fair to good. However, device engineers independently evaluated consumer wearable and handheld BP monitors and considered the user experience to be poor, while their assessment of smartphone-based electrocardiogram monitors found the user experience to be good. Student volunteers involved in device usability testing of the Weight Watchers Online app found it well-designed and relatively easy to use. Implications. Multiple randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have evaluated some PGHD technologies (e.g., pedometers, scales, BP monitors), particularly for obesity and hypertension, but health outcomes were generally underreported. We found evidence suggesting a possible positive effect of PGHD interventions on health outcomes for four chronic conditions. Lack of reporting of health outcomes and insufficient statistical power to assess these outcomes were the main reasons for “unclear” ratings. The majority of studies on PGHD technologies still focus on non-health-related outcomes. Future RCTs should focus on measurement of health outcomes. Furthermore, future RCTs should be designed to isolate the effect of the PGHD intervention from other components in a multicomponent intervention.
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NIOSH alert: preventing asthma in animal handlers. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, January 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.26616/nioshpub97116.

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Request for assistance in preventing asthma and death from diisocyanate exposure. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, March 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.26616/nioshpub96111.

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NIOSH alert: preventing asthma and death from MDI exposure during spray-on truck bed liner and related applications. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, September 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.26616/nioshpub2006149.

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