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Journal articles on the topic 'Asthma in children'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 31 July 2024

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1

Daines, Luke, and Ann McMurray. "Asthma in children." InnovAiT: Education and inspiration for general practice 10, no. 1 (November 23, 2016): 5–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1755738016678013.

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Asthma affects 1 100 000 children in the UK and is thus the most common long-term condition of childhood. The prevalence of childhood asthma symptoms in the UK is among the highest worldwide and this contributes to the estimated £1 billion annual cost of asthma care to the NHS. Children still die from asthma despite advances in its management, and mortality rates have changed very little over the past 20 years. The recent national review of asthma deaths provided a stark reminder of ‘why asthma still kills’ and made key recommendations for children with asthma. However, evidence-based recommendations are still poorly implemented. This article seeks to enthuse the next generation of GPs to prioritise the improvement of asthma care in children.

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2

Shah, Dr Rameez. "Evaluation of Asthma in Children with Tonsillitis." International Journal of Scientific Research 3, no. 4 (June 1, 2012): 318–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/22778179/apr2014/111.

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3

Najmitdinovna, Kudratova Gulsara, and Ibragimova Yulduz Botyrovna. "PREVENTION OF BRONCHIAL ASTHMA IN CHILDREN AND TEENAGERS." American Journal Of Biomedical Science & Pharmaceutical Innovation 4, no. 3 (March 1, 2024): 52–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/ajbspi/volume04issue03-07.

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Bronchial asthma is considered a chronic disease and causes many health problems for the population. The disease is based on a genetic predisposition. Children whose parents have allergic diseases (bronchial asthma, allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis, eczema, Quincke's edema, etc.) have asthma in the first year of life the tendency to develop the disease is high. (25% if father or mother is sick with allergic diseases, 50% if allergic diseases are observed in both father and mother).

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4

Rais, Heena, Fehmina Arif, and Sangeeta Santosh. "ASTHMATIC CHILDREN;." Professional Medical Journal 21, no. 04 (December 10, 2018): 739–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2014.21.04.2313.

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Objective: To determine the knowledge and practice of parents of children withAsthma. Introduction: Asthma is a disease characterized by recurrent attacks of breathlessnessand wheezing typically begins in early childhood with an earlier onset in males than females. Lifetime prevalence of asthma is 13.5% and current asthma prevalence of 9.3% among children <18years. According to WHO 15 million disability adjusted life years (DALY) are lost annually due toAsthma. Prevalence of asthma in Pakistani children is 19%. Due to rapid industrialization andurbanization prevalence of Asthma has increased from 9 t0 20% during the last decade. Thisstudy was conducted to assess the extent of knowledge and practice which are associated withthe control of Asthma. Methodology: It was descriptive cross sectional study conducted in ED,Pediatric unit CHK. Sampling was convenience and the study duration six months. One hundredand twenty parents of asthmatic children from 4-13 years of age were selected. Results: Averageage of the children was 7.69±2.58 years (95% CI: 7.23 to 8.16) and average duration of illnesswas 3.08±2.0 years (95% CI: 2.69 to 3.45). Minimum duration was two years and maximum tenyears. One hundred and four mothers (86.7%) and 16 fathers(13.3%) participated in the study.Over all asthma knowledge and practice of parents was adequate in 20(16.7%), inadequate in46(39.3%) and average in 54(45%). Conclusions: Asthma knowledge especially about themanagement is inadequate and practices are also inappropriate in the urban population ofKarachi.

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5

Pijnenburg, Mariëlle W., Eugenio Baraldi, Paul L. P. Brand, Kai-Håkon Carlsen, Ernst Eber, Thomas Frischer, Gunilla Hedlin, et al. "Monitoring asthma in children." European Respiratory Journal 45, no. 4 (March 5, 2015): 906–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/09031936.00088814.

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The goal of asthma treatment is to obtain clinical control and reduce future risks to the patient. To reach this goal in children with asthma, ongoing monitoring is essential. While all components of asthma, such as symptoms, lung function, bronchial hyperresponsiveness and inflammation, may exist in various combinations in different individuals, to date there is limited evidence on how to integrate these for optimal monitoring of children with asthma. The aims of this ERS Task Force were to describe the current practise and give an overview of the best available evidence on how to monitor children with asthma.22 clinical and research experts reviewed the literature. A modified Delphi method and four Task Force meetings were used to reach a consensus.This statement summarises the literature on monitoring children with asthma. Available tools for monitoring children with asthma, such as clinical tools, lung function, bronchial responsiveness and inflammatory markers, are described as are the ways in which they may be used in children with asthma. Management-related issues, comorbidities and environmental factors are summarised.Despite considerable interest in monitoring asthma in children, for many aspects of monitoring asthma in children there is a substantial lack of evidence.

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6

Khalmatova, Barno T., and Gulnoza A. Toshmatova. "LEUKOTRIENE RECEPTORS STATE IN CHILDREN WITH BRONCHIAL ASTHMA." International Journal of Psychosocial Rehabilitation 24, no. 04 (February 28, 2020): 2099–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.37200/ijpr/v24i4/pr201320.

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7

Syabbalo, Nightingale. "Biologics in the Treatment of Severe Uncontrolled Asthma in Children." Journal of Thoracic Disease and Cardiothoracic Surgery 2, no. 2 (August 11, 2021): 01–08. http://dx.doi.org/10.31579/2693-2156/024.

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Asthma is the most common chronic disease in children, currently affecting about 7 million children. Severe uncontrolled asthma is rare in children with a prevalence of about 2.1% to 5%, but inflicts a disproportionate health burden. Children with severe asthma have increased risk of life threatening exacerbations, frequent hospitalization, worsening health-related quality of life, and impaired physical activity. Severe asthma in childhood is associated with long-term morbidities, such as bronchiolitis obliterans, impaired airway development, and development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in adulthood. Childhood asthma like adult-onset asthma, is classified into four cellular inflammatory phenotypes using induced sputum cytometry. The four phenotypes of asthma include eosinophilic asthma, neutrophilic asthma, paucigranulocytic asthma, and mixed cellularity asthma. The pathophysiological mechanisms of asthma involve airway inflammation and remodeling. Inflammatory mediators such as cytokines, chemokines, adhesion molecules, and growth factors play a key role in orchestration airway remodeling. During airway inflammation, cytokines secreted by type 2 helper (Th2) lymphocytes, such as interleukin-5 (IL-5), IL-4, IL-13, IL-25, IL-33, and thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) play a key role in the pathogenesis of eosinophilic asthma. Whereas, the Th17 axis cytokines, including IL-17, IL-23, and IL-8 are responsible for the pathophysiology of neutrophilic asthma. The airway structural changes due to airway remodeling lead to thickening of the airway wall, narrowing of the bronchiolar lumen, airway obstruction, and decline in pulmonary function. Most of the children with asthma respond to low and medium inhaled corticosteroids, however a significant proportion still have severe asthma uncontrolled on the standard of care. The most common asthma phenotype in children is eosinophilic asthma, which responds superbly to biologic therapy. Children with severe asthma require add-on targeted interleukin antagonists (ILA), such as mepolizumab (anti-IL-5), benralizumab (anti-IL-5Rα), and dupilumab (anti-4Rα). ILAs have been shown to ameliorate asthma symptoms, reduce moderate and severe exacerbations, and improve pulmonary function. Additionally, ILAs have been demonstrated to improve the health-related quality of life, and have steroid sparing effect.

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8

Barnes, Greta. "Asthma in children." Nursing Standard 3, no. 29 (April 15, 1989): 20–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/ns.3.29.20.s55.

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9

Wooler, Edwina. "Asthma in children." Paediatric Nursing 5, no. 6 (July 1993): 22–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/paed.5.6.22.s16.

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10

Wooler, Edwina. "Asthma in children." Paediatric Nursing 6, no. 10 (December 1994): 29–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/paed.6.10.29.s29.

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11

Cox, John W., and P. D. Phelan. "Asthma in children." Medical Journal of Australia 144, no. 2 (January 1986): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.1986.tb113685.x.

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12

Kumar, Coleen, MaryAnn Edelman, and Carmel Ficorelli. "Children With Asthma." MCN, The American Journal of Maternal/Child Nursing 30, no. 5 (September 2005): 305–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005721-200509000-00007.

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13

Rew, Lynn, and Anne Loustau. "Children with Asthma." Western Journal of Nursing Research 9, no. 4 (November 1987): 465–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/019394598700900404.

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14

Hogg, Andrew, and Chantal Simon. "Asthma in Children." InnovAiT: Education and inspiration for general practice 4, no. 3 (February 15, 2011): 160–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/innovait/inq199.

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15

Simkins, Rosemary A., and Ann Froese-Fretz. "Children With Asthma." Journal for Specialists in Pediatric Nursing 3, no. 1 (January 1998): 45–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6155.1998.tb00208.x.

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16

Esposito, Susanna, and Nicola Principi. "Asthma in Children." Paediatric Drugs 3, no. 3 (2001): 159–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128072-200103030-00001.

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17

Le Souëf, Peter. "Asthma in children." Medicine 31, no. 12 (December 2003): 52–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1383/medc.31.12.52.27176.

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18

Lenney, Warren. "Asthma in children." Medicine 36, no. 4 (April 2008): 196–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mpmed.2008.01.006.

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19

Lenney, Warren. "Asthma in children." Medicine 40, no. 5 (May 2012): 238–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mpmed.2012.02.004.

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20

Chavasse, Richard J., and Maya Kerr. "Asthma in children." Medicine 44, no. 5 (May 2016): 281–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mpmed.2016.02.014.

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21

Chavasse, Richard. "Asthma in children." Medicine 48, no. 5 (May 2020): 323–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mpmed.2020.02.006.

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22

Desforges, Jane F., and Gary L. Larsen. "Asthma in Children." New England Journal of Medicine 326, no. 23 (June 4, 1992): 1540–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/nejm199206043262306.

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23

&NA;. "Asthma in Children." Home Healthcare Nurse: The Journal for the Home Care and Hospice Professional 25, no. 1 (January 2007): 8–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004045-200701000-00003.

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24

Connolly, C. K. "Children with asthma." BMJ 290, no. 6478 (May 4, 1985): 1355. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.290.6478.1355-a.

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25

Arenofsky, Janice. "Children outgrowing asthma." Asthma Magazine 9, no. 6 (November 2004): 25–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.asthmamag.2004.10.006.

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26

HEN, JACOB. "Asthma and Pneumomediastinum." Pediatrics 75, no. 5 (May 1, 1985): 990–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.75.5.990a.

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To the Editor.— An important piece of clinical information to add to Sturtz's recent review of spontaneous mediastinal emphysema in children1 is that mediastinal emphysema may be the first clinical clue to the presence of childhood asthma. Over the past 4 years, we have seen four children with cough and subcutaneous emphysema in the neck and no previous history of respiratory problems or asthma. These children had hyperinflated lungs and mediastinal emphysema demonstrated on admission chest roentgenograms and physical examination revealed wheezing.

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27

Amraja, Essam, Raja Buras Ali, Abdulnaser Elsherif, Maryam SE Hussein, and Hwuida Kattab. "THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE REPORTS FROM ASTHMATIC CHILDREN AND THEIR PARENTS ABOUT THE EFFECT OF ASTHMA ON THEIR QUALITY OF LIFE IN PEDIATRIC HOSPITAL-BENGHAZI-LIBYA." International Journal of Advanced Research 9, no. 06 (June 30, 2021): 01–08. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/12982.

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Introduction: Childhood asthma is a serious health problem that results in impairment of physical and social life of the affected children. Objective: The current study identifies the effect of asthma on asthmatic children quality of life and also to assess the differences between childs and parents report about the effect of the asthma on the childs physical health, childs emotional health and childs activity. Method: A cross-sectional, descriptive, quantitative study was carried out where about Sixty-four participants of asthmatic children with their parents that were attached at Pediatric Hospital in Benghazi have been recruited and asked to complete Children of Health Survey for Asthma (CHSA) instruments. Results and Conclusion: The results showed that asthma relatively affects childrens physical health, activities and emotional health. Also, the results showed that there were significant differences in childs and parent report regarding the effect of asthma in childs quality of life.

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28

Sultana, Razia, Mansoor Ghani, Tahira Yasmeen, and Shazia Ashraf. "ASTHMA." Professional Medical Journal 25, no. 12 (December 8, 2018): 1937–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/18.4921.

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Introduction: The prevalence of childhood asthma is increasing globally. Asthma is one of the main causes of hospitalization and frequent emergency department visits of children. The parents having awareness about asthma can comply with the treatment, avoidance from triggers and subsequently, they can control asthma symptoms in their children. Study Design: Cross- sectional analytical study. Setting: The Children’s Hospital and the Institute of Child Health, Lahore and Shaikh Zayed Hospital, Lahore in collaboration with University of Health Sciences Lahore. The Shaikh Zayed Hospital, Lahore is a tertiary care and an academic hospital as it is attached with Shaikh Khalifa Bin Zayed Al-Nahyan Medical and Dental College (Shaikh Zayed Hospital updates). The Children’s Hospital and Institute of Child Health, Lahore provides services of tertiary health care as well as allied facilities. Period: 12 months from 01-08-2013 to 01-07-2014. Methods: To assess the knowledge of parents of asthmatic children about the disease and to determine any association between asthma knowledge and the level of asthma control in their children. Subjects were parents with their asthmatic children ages between 4 to 12 years attending two exclusive pediatric hospitals at Lahore. A tool was constructed to assessparent’s knowledge about asthma, and a pre-validated asthma control tool was administered to determine asthma symptoms control in children. Data was represented in the form of figures, tables and chi square test was used to determine the association of knowledge about asthma,demographic information, and environmental information with different group of asthma control. Results: One hundred and ninety-six parents with their asthmatic children participated in this study. There was no association between asthma knowledge and the level of asthma control.There were 108 parents who had adequate knowledge about asthma, out of them only 45 (41.7%) children had asthma control. There were 88 parents who had inadequate knowledge about asthma. Out of them 36 (40.9%) children were with asthma control (p=.915). Conclusions:The findings of the study concluded that more than 50% (108/ 196) of the parents/ guardians have adequate knowledge about asthma and there was no association found between asthma knowledge and the level of asthma control. However, we need to empower Pakistani communityvia a national asthma awareness program, smoking cessation campaign and also empower the health care team with up-to-date knowledge about asthma management.

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29

Ciprandi, Giorgio, and Maria Angela Tosca. "Probiotics in Children with Asthma." Children 9, no. 7 (June 29, 2022): 978. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children9070978.

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A type-2 immune response usually sustains wheezing and asthma in children. In addition, dysbiosis of digestive and respiratory tracts is detectable in patients with wheezing and asthma. Probiotics may rebalance immune response, repair dysbiosis, and mitigate airway inflammation. As a result, probiotics may prevent asthma and wheezing relapse. There is evidence that some probiotic strains may improve asthma outcomes in children. In this context, the PROPAM study provided evidence that two specific strains significantly prevented asthma exacerbations and wheezing episodes. Therefore, oral probiotics could be used as add-on asthma therapy in managing children with asthma, but the choice should be based on documented evidence.

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Petrovic, Vesna, Vesna Vujic-Aleksic, Tanja Rozek-Mitrovic, and Aleksandra Hristov. "Asthma prevalence and the impact of nutritional status on prescribed asthma medications in children." Medical review 73, no. 9-10 (2020): 265–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/mpns2010265p.

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Introduction. Asthma and obesity are the most common chronic health disorders in children. Although heredity plays a significant role in their development, environmental factors and early exposure have contributed to the increasing incidence of both disorders in recent decades. The aim of the study was to estimate asthma prevalence in schoolchildren in Indjija, Srem District, Serbia, and to investigate differences in nutritional status of children with asthma as well as differences between their nutritional status and prescribed asthma medications. Material and Methods. A cross-sectional retrospective cohort study was conducted at the Primary Health Center in Indjija. Of all the medical records of children aged 6 - 14 years, a cohort of children with asthma was formed. The retrospective study evaluated their nutritional status and the prescribed asthma medications. Results. The prevalence of asthma in children aged 6 - 14 was 6.9%. Children with asthma were significantly more overweight and obese (40.5%) than children without asthma. Boys accounted for 63.7% of children with asthma, with a statistically significant gender difference. Abnormal nutritional status was found in 44.3% of children with asthma and boys with asthma were significantly more obese (23%) compared to girls (7.8%). Overweight and obese children with asthma were not prescribed significantly more medications to relieve asthma symptoms than normal-weight children. Conclusion. The prevalence of asthma among schoolchildren in Indjija was 6.9%. Children with asthma were more likely to be overweight and obese than children without asthma, whereas boys with asthma were significantly more obese than girls. No significant differences were found between their nutritional status and prescribed asthma medications.

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31

Rees, J., and J. Price. "ABC of Asthma: ASTHMA IN CHILDREN: TREATMENT." BMJ 310, no. 6993 (June 10, 1995): 1522–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.310.6993.1522.

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32

Green, R. J. "Understanding mild asthma/episodic asthma in children." South African Family Practice 49, no. 3 (April 2007): 36–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/20786204.2007.10873528.

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33

Everhart, Robin S., Sarah Miller, Gillian G. Leibach, Alexandra L. Dahl, and Daphne Koinis-Mitchell. "Caregiver Asthma in Urban Families." Journal of School Nursing 34, no. 2 (January 17, 2017): 108–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1059840516689326.

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Asthma is a significant contributor to missed school days, especially for children living in urban settings. This preliminary study examined the impact of caregiver asthma on school absenteeism in a sample of 102 urban children with asthma from African American, Latino, and non-Latino White backgrounds. Caregivers and children participated in a single research session; 32 caregivers had asthma. Children of caregivers with asthma missed more days of school than children whose caregivers did not have asthma (3.97 vs. 2.43 days, p < .05, Cohen’s d = .40). Other indicators of child asthma morbidity (e.g., hospitalizations) did not differ across caregiver asthma status. Findings highlight that caregiver asthma may be an added risk factor for school absenteeism among children with asthma. For children with a high frequency of asthma-related school absenteeism, school nurses may find it useful to provide educational resources and referrals for caregivers with asthma.

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34

Wardani, Yulia Fatma, Rina Triasih, and Amalia Setyati. "Exhaled carbon monoxide in children with asthma and allergic rhinitis." Paediatrica Indonesiana 62, no. 2 (April 4, 2022): 115–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.14238/pi62.2.2022.115-9.

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Background Exhaled carbon monoxide has been related to the degree of inflammation. An easy, inexpensive, and non-invasive test to measure exhaled CO levels (eCO) may help in supporting the diagnosis of asthma and allergic rhinitis (AR) in children. Objective To compare the eCO levels in children with asthma, AR, or both asthma and AR, to children without asthma or AR. Methods This was a cross-sectional study involving 450 children aged 13-14 years in Yogyakarta. Asthma and AR were determined according to the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) study criteria, while eCO level was examined using a Smokerlyzer®. The levels of eCO between groups were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests. Results Of 450 children, 48 (10.67%) had asthma only, 91 (20.22%) had AR only, 67 (14.89%) had both asthma and AR, and 244 (54.22%) had neither asthma nor AR. The eCO levels of children with asthma or AR were not significantly different compared to those without asthma and AR (P=0.33 and P=0.19, respectively). However, children with both asthma and AR had significantly higher eCO level compared to children without asthma and AR (P< 0.001). Conclusion The levels of eCO in children with asthma only or AR only are similar to those without both diseases. Children with both asthma and AR have significant higher eCO compared to healthy children.

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35

Gao, Zhiwei, Brian H. Rowe, Carina Majaesic, Cindy O’Hara, and A. Senthilselvan. "Prevalence of Asthma and Risk Factors for Asthma-Like Symptoms in Aboriginal and Non-Aboriginal Children in the Northern Territories of Canada." Canadian Respiratory Journal 15, no. 3 (2008): 139–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2008/302407.

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BACKGROUND: Few studies have investigated the prevalence and risk factors of asthma in Canadian Aboriginal children.OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of asthma and asthma-like symptoms, as well as the risk factors for asthma-like symptoms, in Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal children living in the northern territories of Canada.METHODS: Data on 2404 children, aged between 0 and 11 years, who participated in the North component of the National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth were used in the present study. A child was considered to have an asthma-like symptom if there was a report of ever having had asthma, asthma attacks or wheeze in the past 12 months.RESULTS: After excluding 59 children with missing information about race, 1399 children (59.7%) were of Aboriginal ancestry. The prevalence of asthma was significantly lower (P<0.05) in Aboriginal children (5.7%) than non-Aboriginal children (10.0%), while the prevalence of wheeze was similar between Aboriginal (15.0%) and non-Aboriginal (14.5%) children. In Aboriginal children, infants and toddlers had a significantly greater prevalence of asthma-like symptoms (30.0%) than preschool-aged children (21.5%) and school-aged children (11.5%). Childhood allergy and a mother’s daily smoking habit were significant risk factors for asthma-like symptoms in both Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal children. In addition, infants and toddlers were at increased risk of asthma-like symptoms in Aboriginal children. In analyses restricted to specific outcomes, a mother’s daily smoking habit was a significant risk factor for current wheeze in Aboriginal children and for ever having had asthma in non-Aboriginal children.CONCLUSIONS: Asthma prevalence appears to be lower in Aboriginal children than in non-Aboriginal children. The association between daily maternal smoking and asthma-like symptoms, which has been mainly reported for children living in urban areas, was observed in Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal children living in northern and remote communities in Canada.

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36

Maffeis, Laura, Carlo V. Agostoni, Denise Pires Marafon, Leonardo Terranova, Claudia Giavoli, Gregorio P. Milani, Mara Lelii, Barbara Madini, Paola Marchisio, and M. Francesca Patria. "Cytokines Profile and Lung Function in Children with Obesity and Asthma: A Case Control Study." Children 9, no. 10 (September 24, 2022): 1462. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children9101462.

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The existence of common inflammatory biomarkers linking obesity and asthma in children has been hypothesized. Nevertheless, laboratory and clinical characteristics of children with obesity and asthma are still poorly defined. The primary aim of the present study is to investigate the lung function and the cytokine profile, in children with obesity and asthma. In this prospective, cross-sectional pilot study, pulmonary function tests, biochemical parameters, and serum cytokines levels were compared in three groups of 28 children each, matched for age and sex. Obese children showed normal forced spirometry values except an increased distal airway resistance in subjects with obesity and no asthma. Both groups including obese children showed higher leptin and IL-10 levels and lower adiponectin and TNF-alpha levels compared to children with no obesity and asthma. IL-33 and TGF-beta1 levels were higher in children with obesity and asthma vs. children with normal weight and asthma. Finally, IL-6 was undetectable in approximately 70% of obese children with no asthma, in 57% obese asthmatic children and in 100% of children with normal-weight and asthma. Children with obesity and asthma show the most striking cytokine profile, suggesting a pro-inflammatory role of fat mass in asthma development.

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37

Davidovic, Bojana, Mirjana Ivanovic, Dejan Bokonjic, Svjetlana Jankovic, Jelena Eric, and Jelena Lecic. "Asthma and periodontal health in children." Vojnosanitetski pregled 75, no. 12 (2018): 1202–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/vsp170221063d.

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Background/Aim. Oral health is an important part of overall health. Good oral health is important for oral diseases prevention and health maintenance of respiratory system. The aim of the study was to evaluate oral hygiene and periodontal health parameters of asthmatic children and to compare them with children without asthma as well as to evaluate those parameters according to type of used medications and time of taking medications in children with asthma. Methods. This epidemiological study included 68 children with asthma and 68 children without asthma or any other chronic disease aged from 6 to 16 years. Parameters used in this study were Greene-Vermillion index, L?e-Silness gingival index and Community Periodontal Index (CPI). Results. Good oral hygiene (31.1%) was more present in children without asthma whereas poor hygiene (20.0%) was more frequent in children with asthma (p < 0.001). Healthy gingiva was more frequent in children without asthma (25%) while mild (58.8%) and moderate gingival inflammation (5.9%) were more frequent in the group of children with asthma (p < 0.01). Mean CPI values were higher in children with asthma (p < 0.001). Mean values of Plaque Index, Gingival Index and CPI did not show statistically significant difference in relation to type of administered medication. However, taking medications in the afternoon was related to higher mean values of Plaque Index and Gingival Index (p < 0.05) within the group of children with asthma. Conclusion. Children with asthma had poorer oral hygiene and were diagnosed with greater values of oral hygiene and periodontal indices compared with the group of children without asthma. For this reason, it is necessary to promote oral health and establish good oral hygiene habits in asthmatic children.

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Ogbuka, F. N., I. K. Ndu, T. Oguonu, A. N. Ikefuna, and B. C. Ibe. "Magnesium levels in stable children with asthma: It’s relationship with asthma control." Nigerian Journal of Paediatrics 47, no. 2 (August 6, 2020): 91–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/njp.v47i2.7.

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Background: Asthma prevalence is rising worldwide. Amongst the various factors influencing asthma control, the magnesium level of the affected individuals seems to make a major contribution to achieving asthma control through i ts anti - inflammatory and bronchodilation effects.This study therefore was aimed at determining the magnesium level of stable asthmatic children and its relationship, if any, with their levels of asthma control.Methods: A cross-sectional study where the serum magnesium levels of 30 stable asthmatic children attending Asthma clinic and those of 30 children without asthma attending Children Out-patient clinic (CHOP) both at the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital (UNTH), Enugu, were assessed using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The levels of asthma control of children with asthma were assessed using asthma therapyassessment questionnaire (ATAQ). Mean serum magnesium levels of the different asthma control levels were compared using the analysis of variance (ANOVA).Results: The mean ages of children with asthma and those without asthma were 10.4 ± 2.98 years and 10.5 ±3.00 years respectively. The mean serum magnesium level of stable children with asthma (1.13 ±1.04 mmol/L) was found to be significantly lower than those of the non-asthmatic controls (1.46 ±1.01 mmol/L), p= 0.004.A significant association was also found between the serum magnesium levels and the levels of asthma control (p = 0.015).Conclusion: This study shows that the serum magnesium level of stable asthmatic children is significantly lower than that of children without asthma and there is a significant association between the mean serum magnesium levels and their levels of asthma control. Keywords: Serum magnesium, asthma control, stable asthma

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Levina, Julia G., Leyla S. Namazova-Baranova, Elena A. Vishneva, Kamilla E. Efendieva, Anna A. Alekseeva, Vera G. Kalugina, Polina S. Arimova, Konstantin S. Volkov, and Anita R. Denisova. "Asthma Activity and Respiratory Morbidity in Children during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Results of a Retrospective Comparative Observational Study." Annals of the Russian academy of medical sciences 75, no. 5S (December 4, 2020): 455–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.15690/vramn1448.

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Background. According to available studies during the pandemic, the incidence of COVID-19 among children was significantly lower than among adults. However, it remains unclear whether children with allergies and asthma are at risk for COVID-19 and whether the respiratory morbidity have changed during the pandemic in children with asthma as well as the asthma activity. Aims to determine the respiratory morbidity in children with and without asthma before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, to estimate asthma activity. Methods. The main group was formed of 60 children 617 y.o with confirmed asthma diagnosis, the control group from 30 children aged 617 y.o. without asthma. Data on outcomes in children with asthma and in control group were obtained on the basis of the retrospective collected information from medical records of patients and from questionnaires, filled during telephone call in 2020. Respiratory morbidity was estimated in 2019 and during the COVID-19 pandemic period in 2020 till the end of May. Results. The incidence of upper respiratory tract infections has decreased in 2020 in 72% of children with asthma by an average of 53%; in 86% of children without by an average of 62%. The frequency of lower respiratory tract infections decreased in 37% of children with asthma by an average of 61%, in 20% of children without asthma on 100%. According to the patients parents answers, none of the children were diagnosed with COVID-19. The number of episodes which required additional anti-asthma therapy decreased or didnt change in 77% of patients. According to the results of the Asthma Control Test in 2020 asthma was fully controlled in 82% of patients, 65% of patients had complete adherence to therapy. Conclusions. Children with asthma and allergies, as well as healthy children, do not seem to be at risk of contracting a new coronavirus infection. Lockdown, good adherence to therapy in children with asthma had a positive impact, led to a decrease of respiratory morbidity, exacerbations of asthma, improved disease control. Further monitoring of children with allergies and asthma during the COVID-19 pandemic is required.

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Kozyrskyj, Anita L., Cameron A. Mustard, and Allan B. Becker. "Identifying Children with Persistent Asthma from Health Care Administrative Records." Canadian Respiratory Journal 11, no. 2 (2004): 141–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2004/976852.

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BACKGROUND:Investigation into the origins of asthma is contingent on definitions of asthma, which can differentiate asthma from transient wheezing syndromes in children.OBJECTIVES:This research was undertaken to develop a definition for asthma derived from health care administrative records, which would identify children with persistent asthma.PATIENTS AND METHODS:Using population-based, health care administrative data, children with possible asthma were identified as having one or more physician visits or hospitalizations for asthma or bronchitis diagnoses from January 1995 to December 1995, or, in the absence of asthma-like diagnoses, one or more prescriptions for asthma prophylaxis drugs or ketotifen concomitant with a betaagonist, or two or more prescriptions for beta-agonists.RESULTS:The likelihood of persistent asthma, defined as repeated health care and prescription use for asthma from 1996 to 1998, was assessed for various asthma markers and risk factors in 29,198 children with possible asthma. Children with asthma prescription drugs or asthma health care use not limited to the winter season were three to six times more likely than children without these characteristics to have persistent asthma. The likelihood of persistent asthma was elevated to a substantial degree in the presence of both of these markers.CONCLUSIONS:The inclusion of these measures in a diagnosisbased definition improves the ability to identify persistent asthma in children.

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Lai, Cheng-Hsiu, Yin-Lan Tsai, Shih-Wei Chou, Fon-Chin Lin, Chung-Yu Chen, Shu-Man Chen, Wen-Chih Lee, Yi-Hung Liao, and Chia-Hua Kuo. "Characteristics of Glycemic Control in Taiwanese Children with Asthma." Pediatric Exercise Science 18, no. 2 (May 2006): 262–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/pes.18.2.262.

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The majority of schoolchildren with asthma do not participate in regular physical activity due to a risk of exercise-induced asthma. The aim of the study was to determine the glycemic characteristic of Taiwanese children with persistent asthma. The current study found that children with asthma (age 10.4 ± 0.4 years) exhibited lower whole-body insulin sensitivity and poorer physical fitness compared to children without asthma (age 10.9 ± 0.6 years). Postprandial glucose and insulin, BMI, and waist circumference of the children with asthma were greater than those of the healthy children. Four patients with asthma regularly participating in a permissible amount of physical activity exhibited lower postprandial glucose and insulin levels compared to those of the rest of the children with asthma who were totally lacking physical activity. A permissible amount of physical activity appears to be beneficial for children with asthma in the prevention of the early onset of insulin resistance.

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Stroikova, T. R., O. A. Bashkina, Y. L. Mizernitskiy, and E. N. Seliverstova. "SEVERE ASTHMA IN CHILDREN." RUDN Journal of Medicine 22, no. 3 (2018): 302–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-0245-2018-22-3-302-307.

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Wainwright, Claire, Alan F. Isles, and Paul W. Francis. "8. Asthma in children." Medical Journal of Australia 167, no. 4 (August 1997): 218–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.1997.tb138856.x.

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Nabors, Laura A., Meredith Mason, and Jonathan A. Bernstein. "Asthma camps for children." Journal of Asthma 51, no. 4 (March 5, 2014): 339–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/02770903.2014.894055.

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Alharbi, Adel S., Abdullah A. Yousef, Saleh A. Alharbi, Talal M. Almaghamsi, Mansour M. Al Qwaiee, Faisal M. Al-Somali, Turki S. Alahmadi, et al. "Severe asthma in children." Saudi Medical Journal 43, no. 4 (April 2022): 329–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.15537/smj.2022.4.43.20210756.

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Martin, Molly A. "Children With Uncontrolled Asthma." American Journal of Public Health 112, no. 4 (April 2022): e4-e4. http://dx.doi.org/10.2105/ajph.2022.306715.

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Murray, Michael L. "Acute asthma in children." Medical Journal of Australia 155, no. 4 (August 1991): 276. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.1991.tb142255.x.

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Sheen, Adrian. "Acute asthma in children." Medical Journal of Australia 155, no. 4 (August 1991): 276. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.1991.tb142256.x.

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Fardy, H. John. "Acute asthma in children." Medical Journal of Australia 155, no. 4 (August 1991): 276. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.1991.tb142257.x.

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Martin, Andrew C., Ingrid A. Laing, Siew-Kim Khoo, Guicheng Zhang, Kristina Rueter, Laurel Teoh, Shahir Taheri, et al. "Acute Asthma in Children." American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine 173, no. 6 (March 15, 2006): 617–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/rccm.200509-1367oc.

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