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Journal articles on the topic 'Associative colloids'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 25 May 2024

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1

Shmotolokha, V. I., and M. F. Holovko. "Dimerizing hard spherocylinders in porous media." Condensed Matter Physics 27, no. 1 (March 28, 2024): 13607. http://dx.doi.org/10.5488/cmp.27.13607.

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This research focuses on the unique phase behavior of non-spherical patchy colloids in porous environments. Based on the theory of scaled particle (SPT), methods have been refined and applied to analyze the thermodynamic properties of non-spherical patchy particles in a disordered porous medium. Utilizing the associative theory of liquids in conjunction with SPT, we investigated the impact of associative interactions and connections between the functional nodes of particles on the formation of the nematic phase. Calculations of orientational and spatial distributions were conducted, which helped to understand the phase behavior of particles during the transition from isotropic to nematic phase under the spatial constraints imposed by the disordered matrix of the porous medium.

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Mitra-Delmotte, Gargi, and Asoke Nath Mitra. "Softening the “Crystal Scaffold” for Life’s Emergence." Physics Research International 2012 (February 21, 2012): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/232864.

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Del Giudice’s group studies how water can organize on hydrophilic surfaces forming coherent domains (loaning energy from the quantum vacuum), plus quasifree electrons, whose excitations produce cold vortices, aligning to ambient fields. Their electric and magnetic dipolar modes can couple to oscillatory (electric-organic dipoles) and/or rotary (magnetic-mineral dipoles), besides responding to magnetic potentials. Thus, imprinted electromagnetic patterns of catalytic colloids—compared with Cairns-Smith’s “crystal scaffold”—on their structured water partners could have equipped the latter with a selection basis for “choosing” their context-based “soft-matter” (de Gennes) replacements. We consider the potential of the scenario of an external control on magnetic colloids forming in the Hadean hydrothermal setting (of Russell and coworkers)—via a magnetic rock field—conceptually enabling self-assembly, induction of asymmetries, response effects towards close-to-equilibrium dynamics, and associative networks, besides providing a coherent environment for stabilizing associated symmetry-broken quanta and their feedback interactions with those of coherent water domains, to address the emergence of metabolism and replication.

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Patel, Nirav, Ryan Guillemette, Ratnesh Lal, and Farooq Azam. "Bacterial surface interactions with organic colloidal particles: Nanoscale hotspots of organic matter in the ocean." PLOS ONE 17, no. 8 (August 25, 2022): e0272329. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0272329.

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Colloidal particles constitute a substantial fraction of organic matter in the global ocean and an abundant component of the organic matter interacting with bacterial surfaces. Using E. coli ribosomes as model colloidal particles, we applied high-resolution atomic force microscopy to probe bacterial surface interactions with organic colloids to investigate particle attachment and relevant surface features. We observed the formation of ribosome films associating with marine bacteria isolates and natural seawater assemblages, and that bacteria readily utilized the added ribosomes as growth substrate. In exposure experiments ribosomes directly attached onto bacterial surfaces as 40–200 nm clusters and patches of individual particles. We found that certain bacterial cells expressed surface corrugations that range from 50–100 nm in size, and 20 nm deep. Furthermore, our AFM studies revealed surface pits in select bacteria that range between 50–300 nm in width, and 10–50 nm in depth. Our findings suggest novel adaptive strategies of pelagic marine bacteria for colloid capture and utilization as nutrients, as well as storage as nanoscale hotspots of DOM.

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Tavakkoli, Ehsan, Erica Donner, Albert Juhasz, Ravi Naidu, and Enzo Lombi. "A radio-isotopic dilution technique for functional characterisation of the associations between inorganic contaminants and water-dispersible naturally occurring soil colloids." Environmental Chemistry 10, no. 4 (2013): 341. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/en13020.

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Environmental context The fate and behaviour of inorganic contaminants are dominated by soluble complex formation and interactions with naturally occurring colloids. Although the importance of these interactions has long been debated, our understanding of the mobility and bioavailability of contaminant–colloid associations has been hampered by the limitations of common operationally defined analytical techniques. The method developed in this study facilitates a step forward from operationally defined characterisation of the association between contaminants and colloids to a functional characterisation in terms of their exchangeability and potential bioavailability. Abstract Despite evidence that the fate and behaviour of inorganic contaminants are influenced by their interactions with water-dispersible naturally occurring soil colloids, our understanding of the mobility and bioavailability of contaminant–colloid associations has been hampered by the limitations of common operationally defined analytical techniques. In this paper, an isotopic dilution method was developed to quantify the isotopically exchangeable and non-exchangeable forms of zinc and phosphorus in filtered soil-water extracts. In addition, the effect of filter size on the determination of Zn and P exchangeability was investigated. The results showed that the isotopically non-exchangeable Zn and P in filtered soil-water extracts respectively ranged between 5 and 60% and 10 and 50% and was associated with water-dispersible colloids. Filter pore size had a significant effect on Zn and P exchangeability. Whereas the <0.1-µm filtrates contained isotopically exchangeable Zn and P fractions equal to the total Zn and P concentrations (i.e. 100% isotopically exchangeable Zn and P), the filtrates obtained from larger filter sizes (0.22, 0.45 and 0.7µm) contained increasing proportions of non-exchangeable Zn and P.

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Fernine, Yasmine, Natércia C. T. Martins, Mustapha Taleb, and Tito Trindade. "Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy of Benzylpenicillin Using Silver Nanocrystals Modified with Moroccan Plant Extracts." Crystals 13, no. 7 (July 16, 2023): 1105. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst13071105.

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Green chemical routes for the synthesis of colloidal metal nanocrystals have been of great interest, namely in the context of nanosciences associated with biological applications. Among these methods, the synthesis of metal colloids using medicinal plant extracts originates nanocrystals having surfaces modified with chemical compounds of biological origin, which can be further explored in association with conventional pharmaceutics. In this context, the development of spectroscopic methods that seeks for understanding the potential benefits of using formulations that contain natural compounds and metal nanoparticles with therapeutic properties is of relevance. This research describes the chemical synthesis of silver colloids via the reduction of Ag(I) in the presence of distinct aqueous plant extracts. The selected extracts were obtained from Moroccan plants that have been used in traditional therapeutic practices over the centuries. The method led to stable colloids comprising polydispersed Ag nanocrystals that show surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) activity. As an illustrative scenario, these colloids have been applied to the SERS detection of the natural β-lactam antibiotic benzylpenicillin, also known as penicillin G (PG). Our results indicate that all the Ag colloids tested with the different plant extracts are SERS-active for PG without showing detrimental interference from chemical adsorbates originated from the extracts. Therefore, this spectroscopic method can be further explored for monitoring nanoformulations of pharmaceuticals and metal colloids obtained using biological synthesis.

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Heathwaite, Louise, Phil Haygarth, Rachel Matthews, Neil Preedy, and Patricia Butler. "Evaluating Colloidal Phosphorus Delivery to Surface Waters from Diffuse Agricultural Sources." Journal of Environmental Quality 34, no. 1 (January 2005): 287–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jeq2005.0287a.

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ABSTRACTColloid‐facilitated phosphorus (P) delivery from agricultural soils in different hydrological pathways was investigated using a series of laboratory and field experiments. A soil colloidal P test was developed that yields information on the propensity of different soils to release P attached to soil colloids. The relationship between turbidity of soil extracts and total phosphorus (TP) was significant (r2 = 0.996, p < 0.001) across a range of agricultural soils, and a strong positive relationship (r2 = 0.86, p < 0.001) was found between “colloidal P” (H2O–CaCl2 extracts) and turbidity. Linear regression of the proportion of fine clay (<2 μm) for each soil type evaluated against the (H2O–CaCl2) colloidal P fraction gave a weak but positive relationship (r2 = 0.38, p = 0.082). The relative contribution of different particle‐size fractions in transporting P in agricultural runoff from grassland soils was evaluated using a randomized plot experiment. A significant difference (p = 0.05) in both TP and reactive phosphorus (RP) in subsurface flow was recorded for different particle‐size fractions, with most TP transferred either in association with the 2‐μm fraction or with the 0.001‐μm or smaller fractions. Total P concentrations in runoff were higher from plots receiving P amendments compared with the zero‐P plots; however, these differences were only significant for the >0.45‐μm particle‐size fractions (p = 0.05), and may be evidence of surface applications of organic and inorganic fertilizers being transferred through the soil either as intact organic colloids or attached to mineral particles. Our results highlight the potential for drainage water to mobilize colloids and associated P during rainfall events.

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Kashy, Babak Kateby, Attila Podolyak, Natalya Makarova, Jarrod E. Dalton, Daniel I. Sessler, and Andrea Kurz. "Effect of Hydroxyethyl Starch on Postoperative Kidney Function in Patients Having Noncardiac Surgery." Anesthesiology 121, no. 4 (October 1, 2014): 730–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/aln.0000000000000375.

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Abstract Background: Whether intraoperative use of hydroxyethyl starch impairs kidney function remains unknown. The authors thus tested the primary hypothesis that Hextend promotes renal injury in surgical patients. Secondarily, the authors evaluated the dose–outcome relationship, in-hospital and 90-day mortality, and whether the relationship between colloid use and acute kidney injury (AKI) depends on baseline risk for AKI. Methods: The authors evaluated the data of 44,176 adults without preexisting kidney failure who had inpatient noncardiac surgery from 2005 to 2012. Patients given a combination of colloid and crystalloid were propensity matched on morphometric, and baseline characteristics to patients given only crystalloid. The primary analysis was a proportional odds logistic regression with AKI as an ordinal outcome based on the Acute Kidney Injury Network classification. Results: The authors matched 14,680 patients receiving colloids with 14,680 patients receiving noncolloids for a total of 29,360 patients. After controlling for potential confounding variables, the odds of developing a more serious level of AKI with Hextend was 21% (6 to 38%) greater than with crystalloid only (P = 0.001). AKI risk increased as a function of colloid volume (P < 0.001). In contrast, the relationship between colloid use and AKI did not differ on baseline AKI risk (P = 0.84). There was no association between colloid use and risk of in-hospital (P = 0.81) or 90-day (P = 0.02) mortality. Conclusion: Dose-dependent renal toxicity associated with Hextend in patients having noncardiac surgery is consistent with randomized trials in critical care patients.

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Mackay, Raymond A. "Electrochemistry in association colloids." Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects 82, no. 1 (January 1994): 1–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0927-7757(93)02610-q.

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Swanton, S. W., and S. Vines. "Equilibrium leach tests: colloid generation and the association of radionuclides with colloids under simulated repository conditions." Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects 217, no. 1-3 (April 2003): 71–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0927-7757(02)00561-7.

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Raghunathan, Karthik, Anthony Bonavia, Brian H. Nathanson, Christopher A. Beadles, Andrew D. Shaw, M. Alan Brookhart, Timothy E. Miller, and Peter K. Lindenauer. "Association between Initial Fluid Choice and Subsequent In-hospital Mortality during the Resuscitation of Adults with Septic Shock." Anesthesiology 123, no. 6 (December 1, 2015): 1385–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/aln.0000000000000861.

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Abstract Background Currently, guidelines recommend initial resuscitation with intravenous (IV) crystalloids during severe sepsis/septic shock. Albumin is suggested as an alternative. However, fluid mixtures are often used in practice, and it is unclear whether the specific mixture of IV fluids used impacts outcomes. The objective of this study is to test the hypothesis that the specific mixture of IV fluids used during initial resuscitation, in severe sepsis, is associated with important in-hospital outcomes. Methods Retrospective cohort study includes patients with severe sepsis who were resuscitated with at least 2 l of crystalloids and vasopressors by hospital day 2, patients who had not undergone any major surgical procedures, and patients who had a hospital length of stay (LOS) of at least 2 days. Inverse probability weighting, propensity score matching, and hierarchical regression methods were used for risk adjustment. Patients were grouped into four exposure categories: recipients of isotonic saline alone (“Sal” exclusively), saline in combination with balanced crystalloids (“Sal + Bal”), saline in combination with colloids (“Sal + Col”), or saline in combination with balanced crystalloids and colloids (“Sal + Bal + Col”). In-hospital mortality was the primary outcome, and hospital LOS and costs per day (among survivors) were secondary outcomes. Results In risk-adjusted Inverse Probability Weighting analyses including 60,734 adults admitted to 360 intensive care units across the United States between January 2006 and December 2010, in-hospital mortality was intermediate in the Sal group (20.2%), lower in the Sal + Bal group (17.7%, P < 0.001), higher in the Sal + Col group (24.2%, P < 0.001), and similar in the Sal + Bal + Col group (19.2%, P = 0.401). In pairwise propensity score–matched comparisons, the administration of balanced crystalloids by hospital day 2 was consistently associated with lower mortality, whether colloids were used (relative risk, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.76 to 0.92) or not (relative risk, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.70 to 0.89). The association between colloid use and in-hospital mortality was inconsistent, and survival was not uniformly affected, whereas LOS and costs per day were uniformly increased. Results were robust in sensitivity analyses. Conclusions During the initial resuscitation of adults with severe sepsis/septic shock, the types of IV fluids used may impact in-hospital mortality. When compared with the administration of isotonic saline exclusively during resuscitation, the coadministration of balanced crystalloids is associated with lower in-hospital mortality and no difference in LOS or costs per day. When colloids are coadministered, LOS and costs per day are increased without improved survival. A large randomized controlled trial evaluating crystalloid choice is warranted. Meanwhile, the use of balanced crystalloids seems reasonable. (Anesthesiology 2015; 123:1385-93)

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Seher, Holger, Horst Geckeis, Thomas Fanghänel, and Thorsten Schäfer. "Bentonite Nanoparticle Stability and the Effect of Fulvic Acids: Experiments and Modelling." Colloids and Interfaces 4, no. 2 (April 21, 2020): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/colloids4020016.

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In this study, the critical coagulation concentration (CCC) for FEBEX bentonite colloids is determined by colloid coagulation studies under variation of pH, electrolyte concentration, and fulvic acid (GoHy-573FA) content. For CaCl2 electrolyte solution, a pH-independent Ca-CCC of 1 mmol L−1 is found. In the case of NaCl background electrolyte, a pH-dependent Na-CCC can be determined with 15 ± 5 mmol L−1 at pH 6, 20 ± 5 mmol L−1 at pH 7, 200 ± 50 mmol L−1 at pH 8, 250 ± 50 mmol L−1 at pH 9, and 350 ± 100 mmol L−1 at pH 10, respectively. The addition of 1 mg L−1 dissolved organic carbon in the form of fulvic acid (FA) increases the Ca-CCC to 2 mmol L−1. An association of FA with FEBEX bentonite colloids as surface coating can clearly be identified by scanning transmission X-ray microscopy (STXM). The experimental bentonite stability results are described by means of an extended DLVO (Derjaguin–Landau–Verwey–Overbeek) approach summing up hydration forces, short-range Born repulsion, van der Waals attraction, and electrical double layer repulsion. The measured zeta (ζ)-potential of the bentonite colloids is applied as platelet face electrokinetic potential and the edge electrokinetic potential is estimated by the combination of silica and alumina ζ-potential data in the ratio given by the FEBEX bentonite structural formula. Adjusting the montmorillonite face electrokinetic potential by a maximum of ±15.9 mV is sufficient to successfully reproduce the measured stability ratios. Due to the uncertainty in the ζ-potential measurement, only semiquantitative calculations of the stability ratio can be given.

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Garidel, P., and A. Hildebrand. "Thermodynamic properties of association colloids." Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry 82, no. 2 (November 2005): 483–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10973-005-0921-1.

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Xu, Xufeng, Gijsbertus de With, and Helmut Cölfen. "Self-association and gel formation during sedimentation of like-charged colloids." Materials Horizons 9, no. 4 (2022): 1216–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1mh01854j.

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We quantitatively study like-charged colloids in concentrated dispersion by sedimentation–diffusion-equilibrium analytical ultracentrifugation. Surprisingly, we find that like-charged colloids attract at high concentration and gel phase is formed.

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Vityuk, N. V., A. M. Eremenko, N. M. Rusinchuk, V. Z. Lozovski, M. M. Lokshyn, V. S. Lysenko, and Iu P. Mukha. "Formation and stability of gold nanoparticles in colloids prepared by citrate method." Himia, Fizika ta Tehnologia Poverhni 14, no. 3 (September 30, 2023): 310–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/hftp14.03.310.

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Gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) have found a variety of applications in different areas, particularly in biomedical practices. The activity of Au NPs strongly depends on the size and association of particles in colloid, that in turn are greatly affected by experimental parameters of the reaction. The obtaining of Au NPs even via classical procedure of citrate method can be a challenge. In the present work we applied different experimental approaches to affect the process of Au NPs formation in the presence of sodium citrate. Au NPs were obtained using different experimental procedures and varying the ratio of reagents, their concentrations, temperature of reaction, duration of heating, the order of introduction of reagents into the reaction mixture, pH, and so on. Comparative analyses of UV-vis spectra with DLS data by number, volume and intensity basis allowed to trace the changes in Au NPs colloid, find optimal experimental conditions and predict prolonged stability of colloids. Applying size-dependent Hamaker constant to DLVO theory explains experimental results. The formation of Au NPs strongly depends on the ratio of the functional groups of the molecule involved simultaneously in the reduction of metal ions, the binding to the surface of Au NPs and the formation of a charge for stabilization due to electrostatic repulsion. The change in the ratio of components is not enough to get a different size of Au NPs. Big concentration of the reagents mostly affects the aggregation process and colloid aging. Temperature is a critical activation factor, that should be about 100 °C, but prolonged heating causes collision induced aggregation. The initial stage of particles growth (the mechanism) can be affected with the change of pH of the system due to formation of deprotonated carboxyl groups and gold hydroxocomplexes.

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Bhutta, W. M., M. Ibrahim, and Tahira. "Association analysis of some morphological traits of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under field stress conditions." Plant, Soil and Environment 52, No. 4 (November 15, 2011): 171–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/3362-pse.

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An association between yield components and their direct and indirect influence on the grain yield of wheat were investigated. 24 breeding lines were tested in a randomized complete block experiment design with three replications. According to the results the phenotypic correlation among the traits and their path coefficient were estimated. Positive significant correlation coefficients were obtained for association between survival rate treatment I (0.35*) and III (0.34*), leaf venation (0.51*), stomatal frequency (0.39*), osmotic pressure (0.30*), flag leaf area (0.85*), number of tillers per plant (0.70*) with grain yield per plant at both phenotypic and genotypic levels. A negatively significant correlation between hygrophilic colloids (–0.15*) and epidermal cell size (–0.22*) with grain yield per plant was obtained at phenotypic and genotypic levels. Path coefficients were also computed to estimate the contribution of character to the yield. Path coefficient analysis revealed that flag leaf area (1.34), root/shoot ratio (0.51) and survival rate II (0.56) had the highest positive direct effects on grain yield, while hygrophilic colloids (–0.24) and osmotic pressure (–0.07) had a negative direct effect on grain yield. The results thus obtained suggested that flag leaf area is an important component of yield and hence needs a special attention in selection strategies.

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Zhao, P., S. Takizawa, H. Katayama, and S. Ohgaki. "Factors causing PAC cake fouling in PAC–MF (powdered activated carbon-microfiltration) water treatment systems." Water Science and Technology 51, no. 6-7 (March 1, 2005): 231–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2005.0642.

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Two pilot-scale powdered activated carbon–microfiltration (PAC–MF) reactors were operated using river water pretreated by a biofilter. A high permeate flux (4 m/d) was maintained in two reactors with different particle sizes of PAC. High concentration (20 g/L) in the PAC adsorption zone demonstrated 60–80% of organic removal rates. Analysis on the PAC cake fouling demonstrated that attached metal ions play more important role than organic matter attached on PAC to the increase of PAC cake resistance. Effects of factors which may cause PAC cake fouling in PAC-MF process were investigated and evaluated by batch experiments, further revealing that small particulates and metal ions in raw water impose prominent influence on the PAC cake layer formation. Fe (II) precipitates after being oxidized to Fe (III) during PAC adsorption and thus Fe(III) colloids display more significant effect than other metal ions. At a high flux, PAC cake layer demonstrated a higher resistance with larger PAC due to association among colloids, metals and PAC particles, and easy migration of small particles in raw water into the void space in the PAC cake layer. Larger PAC possesses much more non-uniform particle size distribution and larger void space, making it easier for small colloids to migrate into the voids and for metal ions to associate with PAC particles by bridge effect, hence speeding up and intensifying the of PAC cake fouling on membrane surface.

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Bansal, Artee, D. Asthagiri, and Walter G. Chapman. "A cluster size distribution theory to study the thermodynamics and phase behavior of multi-bonding single site solutes in patchy colloidal mixtures." Soft Matter 14, no. 36 (2018): 7469–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8sm01487f.

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Makarov, A. D., E. N. Bazarova, and G. I. Kozlov. "Association of multinodular euthyroid goitre with some genetic markers." Problems of Endocrinology 39, no. 6 (December 15, 1993): 25–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.14341/probl11933.

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Distribution of blood groups ABO, Rh, Pu and MN was studied in 85 patients with multinodular euthyroid colloid goitre. An association has been revealed between the presence of this disease and MN blood group, as well as the absence of Pi antigen. These results permit us considering MN blood group and P| antigen absence as factors of risk for multinodular euthyroid colloid goitre.

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Goryachenkova, T. A., I. E. Kazinskaya, E. V. Kuzovkina, A. P. Novikov, and B. F. Myasoedov. "Association of radionuclides with colloids in soil solutions." Radiochemistry 51, no. 2 (April 2009): 201–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1066362209020209.

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Leermakers, Frans A. M., and Jan M. H. M. Scheutjens. "Statistical thermodynamics of association colloids. 2. Lipid vesicles." Journal of Physical Chemistry 93, no. 21 (October 1989): 7417–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/j100358a033.

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Kurwale, Nilesh, Rajinder Kumar, Sharma C. Mehar, and Bhavani Shankar Sharma. "Suprasellar dermoid cyst associated with colloid cyst of the third ventricle: Disordered embryogenesis or a mere coincidence?" Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice 04, no. 03 (July 2013): 345–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0976-3147.118803.

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ABSTRACTIntracranial dermoid cyst and colloid cysts of the third ventricle are rare benign congenital lesions of early adulthood. Both lesions are thought to be congenital in origin however association is rare. Only one case of this association has been reported. We report a 22-year-old male with suprasellar dermoid cyst and colloid cyst of the third ventricle presenting simultaneously. Embryogenesis of this association has been discussed.

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Leermakers, F. A. M., and J. M. H. M. Scheutjens. "Statistical thermodynamics of association colloids. I. Lipid bilayer membranes." Journal of Chemical Physics 89, no. 5 (September 1988): 3264–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.454931.

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Leermakers, Frans A. M., Jan M. H. M. Scheutjens, and Johannes Lyklema. "Statistical thermodynamics of association colloids. IV. Inhomogeneous membrane systems." Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Biomembranes 1024, no. 1 (May 1990): 139–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0005-2736(90)90217-c.

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Degueldre, C., and A. Kline. "Study of thorium association and surface precipitation on colloids." Earth and Planetary Science Letters 264, no. 1-2 (December 2007): 104–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2007.09.012.

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Wang, Haoyi, Meiqin Lin, Zhaoxia Dong, Chengcui Xu, Ruyu Xue, and Zihao Yang. "Study on the association behavior of synthesized hydrophobically associating polymer microspheres." Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects 598 (August 2020): 124829. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfa.2020.124829.

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Chen, Yaoyao, and Kenneth R. Shull. "Thermothickening Behavior of Self-Stabilized Colloids Formed from Associating Polymers." Macromolecules 52, no. 13 (June 21, 2019): 4926–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.macromol.9b00973.

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Brinchi, Lucia, Pietro Di Profio, Raimondo Germani, Gianfranco Savelli, and Clifford A. Bunton. "Chemoselectivity in SN2-E2 reactions induced by aqueous association colloids." Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects 132, no. 2-3 (January 1998): 303–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0927-7757(97)00161-1.

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Dörschug, Anja, Julian Schwanbeck, Andreas Hahn, Anke Hillebrecht, Sabine Blaschke, Uwe Groß, Markus M. Heimesaat, Hagen Frickmann, and Andreas E. Zautner. "Evaluation of the Xiamen AmonMed Biotechnology rapid diagnostic test COVID-19 IgM/IgG test kit (Colloidal gold)." European Journal of Microbiology and Immunology 10, no. 3 (October 14, 2020): 178–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/1886.2020.00029.

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AbstractIntroductionTo efficiently monitor the COVID-19 pandemic for surveillance purposes, reliable serological rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) are desirable for settings where well-established high-throughput bench-top solutions are not available. Here, we have evaluated such an RDT.MethodsWe have assessed the Xiamen AmonMed Biotechnology COVID-19 IgM/IgG test kit (Colloidal gold) and the EUROIMMUN benchtop assay with serum samples from patients with polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-confirmed COVID-19 disease. Samples from patients with Epstein-Barr-virus (EBV) infection and blood donors were used for specificity testing.ResultsFor the colloid gold rapid test and the EUROIMMUN assay, the study indicated overall sensitivity of 15.2% and 67.4%, respectively, while specificity of 99.0% and 97.9% with the blood donor sera, as well as 100% and 96.8% with the EBV-patients, were observed, respectively. An association of the time period between positive PCR results and serum acquisition with serological test positivity could be observed for the immunologlobulin G subclass of the EUROIMMUN assay only.ConclusionsIn spite of acceptable specificity of the assessed RDT, the detected poor sensitivity leaves room for improvement. The test results remain difficult to interpret and therefore the RDT can currently not be recommended for routine diagnostic or surveillance use.

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Lagunes Lucerito Esmeralda, Avila, Coutino Rodriguez Elda Maria del Rocio, and Arroyo-Helguera Omar. "HEMOXIGENASE-1, IRON, AND BILIRUBIN LEVELS AS OXIDATIVE STRESS INDICATORS OF COLLOIDAL SILVER EXPOSURE IN HUMAN LYMPHOCYTES." International Journal of Advanced Research 11, no. 02 (February 28, 2023): 398–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/16264.

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Introduction:Colloidal silver and nanoparticles (AgNPs) are used to disinfect fruits and vegetables as well as to purify water. Its consumption induces oxidative stress and activate antioxidant mechanisms such as catalase and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) at cellular level. The HO-1 attenuatesthe toxic effectsof metals andROSinvolved inchronic degenerative diseases. Objective: Analyze the effects of Fe++ and bilirubin, products of HO-1 induction by exposure to Colloidal Silver (CS) and its association with oxidative stress parameters Methods: A primary human lymphocytes were exposed to different doses 0.036Î¼g /mL, 0.36Î¼g/ mL and 3.6 Î¼g/mL of colloidal silver and after of 0.5, 2 and 24 hrs, and HO-1 and its productsironand bilirubin were measurement, also protein levelsby colorimetric methods. Data wereanalyzed usingSPSS software, version18,to determinethe association betweenthe parameters Results: TheCS increases HO-1 activity and was associated with bilirubin and iron R=0.518, p=0.0001. Moreover, ironwas associated with proteins levels, r=0.585 p0.0032, hydroxides r=0.390 p0.002, 8 â€“Iso r= 0.254 p.054, HO-1 r=0.518 p.0001, bilirubin r=.569 p.002 and tend to associate with cell viability r=-0.227 p.082. Also, Fe at theconcentration of 0.036Î¼g/mL and low time exposurepresents association almost with all markers. Conclusion: Colloidal silver at low concentration and times exposure induce HO-1 highly associated with bilirubin and Fe++, which plays an important role when triggering oxidation damage in the membranes,related with citotoxity. These results can be useful tools to study through Fe the OS development in the chronic degenerative diseases, by exposure to xenobiotics such as CS.

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Nagarajan, N., G. Paramaguru, G. Vanitha, and R. Renganathan. "Photosensitization of Colloidal SnO2Semiconductor Nanoparticles with Xanthene Dyes." Journal of Chemistry 2013 (2013): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/585920.

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The photochemical behavior of xanthene dyes (fluorescein, erythrosine, and eosin) with colloidal SnO2nanoparticles was probed by UV-visible, steady state, and time resolved fluorescence measurements. The prepared SnO2nanoparticles were characterized by using UV-visible and powder XRD measurements. The xanthene dyes were adsorbed on the surface of colloidal SnO2nanoparticles through electrostatic interaction. Apparent association constant (Kapp) was calculated from the relevant fluorescence data. The larger value of apparent association constant indicates a strong association between xanthene dyes and SnO2nanoparticles. The fluorescence quenching is mainly attributed to electron transfer from the excited state xanthenes to the conduction band of colloidal SnO2. The electron transfer mechanism was explained based on the Rehm-Weller equation as well as the energy level diagram.

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31

La Mesa, Camillo, and Gianfranco Risuleo. "Some Remarks on Colloid Stability: Selected Examples Taken from the Milk Chain for Food Prepares." Colloids and Interfaces 4, no. 4 (December 10, 2020): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/colloids4040058.

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Different forces play key roles in the stability of food colloid dispersions. The focus here is on those controlling attraction and/or repulsion, which concur to stabilization, phase separation, coagulation and are quite evident in water-based systems. The combination of attractive and repulsive forces favors or hinders the association of colloid entities; such processes are often met in food technology. The above processes depend on the forces at work and colloid concentration in the medium (i.e., on interparticle distance). Worked examples deal with milk manipulation procedures, ending in cheese formation. The whole milk sequence is controlled by the combination of forces leading to aggregation and phase separation of casein and other milk components. Thereafter, one gets either fresh, for prompt consumption, or aged cheeses. The combination of attractive (van der Waals, vdW, and depletion) with repulsive (double layer, DL, but also steric) forces results in the dominance of aggregation versus dispersion modes in the milk transformation chain, which depends on the distance among colloid particles, on the amplitude of the mentioned forces, and on their decay. The combined role of double layer and van der Waals (vdW) forces is at the basis of the DLVO theory on colloid stability, which is properly modified when these forces overlap with steric stabilization and, eventually, with depletion. Steric effects are dispersive, and depletion ones favor colloid nucleation in a single phase. The milk manipulation chain is a worked example of the intriguing association features controlled by the mentioned forces (and of ancillary ones, as well), and indicates which forces favor the formation of products such as parmesan or mozzarella cheese but are not alien to the preparation of many other dairy products.

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Bunton, Clifford A. "Reactivity in aqueous association colloids. Descriptive utility of the pseudophase model." Journal of Molecular Liquids 72, no. 1-3 (August 1997): 231–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-7322(97)00040-8.

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33

Gandois, Laure, Alison M. Hoyt, Stéphane Mounier, Gaël Le Roux, Charles F. Harvey, Adrien Claustres, Mohammed Nuriman, and Gusti Anshari. "From canals to the coast: dissolved organic matter and trace metal composition in rivers draining degraded tropical peatlands in Indonesia." Biogeosciences 17, no. 7 (April 8, 2020): 1897–909. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-1897-2020.

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Abstract. Worldwide, peatlands are important sources of dissolved organic matter (DOM) and trace metals (TMs) to surface waters, and these fluxes may increase with peatland degradation. In Southeast Asia, tropical peatlands are being rapidly deforested and drained. The blackwater rivers draining these peatland areas have high concentrations of DOM and the potential to be hotspots for CO2 release. However, the fate of this fluvial carbon export is uncertain, and its role as a trace metal carrier has never been investigated. This work aims to address these gaps in our understanding of tropical peatland DOM and associated elements in the context of degraded tropical peatlands in Indonesian Borneo. We quantified dissolved organic carbon and trace metal concentrations in the dissolved and fine colloidal (<0.22 µm) and coarse colloidal (0.22–2.7 µm) fractions and determined the characteristics (δ13C, absorbance, fluorescence: excitation-emission matrix and parallel factor – PARAFAC – analysis) of the peatland-derived DOM as it drains from peatland canals, flows along the Ambawang River (blackwater river) and eventually mixes with the Kapuas Kecil River (whitewater river) before meeting the ocean near the city of Pontianak in West Kalimantan, Indonesia. We observe downstream shifts in indicators of in-stream processing. An increase in the δ13C of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), along with an increase in the C1∕C2 ratio of PARAFAC fluorophores, and a decrease in SUVA (specific UV absorbance) along the continuum suggest the predominance of photo-oxidation. However, very low dissolved oxygen concentrations also suggest that oxygen is quickly consumed by microbial degradation of DOM in the shallow layers of water. Blackwater rivers draining degraded peatlands show significantly higher concentrations of Al, Fe, Pb, As, Ni and Cd compared to the whitewater river. A strong association is observed between DOM, Fe, As, Cd and Zn in the dissolved and fine colloid fraction, while Al is associated with Pb and Ni and present in a higher proportion in the coarse colloidal fraction. We additionally measured the isotopic composition of lead released from degraded tropical peatlands for the first time and show that Pb originates from anthropogenic atmospheric deposition. Degraded tropical peatlands are important sources of DOM and trace metals to rivers and a secondary source of atmospherically deposited contaminants.

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34

Malkovsky, V. I., YU P. Dikov, EN E. Asadulin, and V. V. Krupskaya. "Influence of host rocks on composition of colloid particles in groundwater at the Karachai Lake site." Clay Minerals 47, no. 3 (September 2012): 391–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/claymin.2012.047.3.09.

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AbstractThe radioactive contaminant plume in groundwater at the Karachai Lake site has been examined further. The source of pollution is the Karachai Lake which was used as a reservoir for liquid radioactive waste (LRW) from the Radiochemical Production Association “Mayak” (South Urals, Russia). Taking into account that colloid-facilitated transport of radionuclides can substantially increase the contaminant migration velocity, the composition and structure of colloid particles from the groundwater within the contaminant plume were studied. Sampling of groundwater was carried out in the observation well within the contaminant plume. Different fractions of colloid particles were extracted from the groundwater samples by sequential filtration through membranes with decreasing pore size. Chemical and mineralogical compositions of the colloid particles were determined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy in combination with ion etching of the particle surfaces. The host rocks were studied using characteristic samples from the surface outcrop nearest to the observation well. The analysis showed that the colloid particles consisted of an inorganic core with a discontinuous organic cover. The inorganic core was close in composition to the host rocks along the flow path with a predominance of layered hydrosilicates.

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35

Fraden, Seth, Alan Hurd, and Robert Meyer. "Electric-field-induced association of colloidal particles." Physical Review Letters 63, no. 21 (November 1989): 2373–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.63.2373.

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36

Ehrl, Lyonel, Zichen Jia, Hua Wu, Marco Lattuada, Miroslav Soos, and Massimo Morbidelli. "Role of Counterion Association in Colloidal Stability." Langmuir 25, no. 5 (March 3, 2009): 2696–702. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/la803445y.

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Schoen, Alia P., Bob Hommersom, Sarah C. Heilshorn, and Mirjam E. Leunissen. "Tuning colloidal association with specific peptide interactions." Soft Matter 9, no. 29 (2013): 6781. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3sm50230a.

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38

Clausse, Professor M. "International Association of Colloid and Interface Scientists 1st Announcement." Journal of Adhesion 31, no. 2-4 (January 1990): 237. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00218469008048227.

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39

Kan, F. W., and P. P. da Silva. "Preferential association of glycoproteins to the euchromatin regions of cross-fractured nuclei is revealed by fracture-label." Journal of Cell Biology 102, no. 2 (February 1, 1986): 576–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.102.2.576.

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We used fracture-label to establish ultrastructural localization of glycoproteins in cross-fractured nuclei of duodenal columnar and exocrine pancreatic cells. Mannose residues were detected in cell nuclei by labeling freeze-fractured tissues with concanavalin A-horseradish peroxidase X colloidal gold (Con A-HRP X CG) or direct concanavalin A X colloidal gold (Con A X CG); fucose residues were detected with Ulex Europaeus I X colloidal gold (UEA I X CG) markers. Areas of the three main intranuclear compartments (euchromatin, heterochromatin, and nucleolus) exposed by freeze-fracture were determined by automated image analysis. Colloidal gold particles bound to each nuclear subcompartment were counted and the results expressed in number of colloidal gold particles per square micrometer +/- SEM. Duodenal and pancreatic tissues fractured and labeled with Con A-HRP X CG complex or direct Con A X CG conjugates showed that the vast majority of Con A binding sites was confined to euchromatin regions with only sparse labeling of the heterochromatin and nucleolus. UEA I labeling of duodenal columnar cells showed that colloidal gold particles were almost exclusively confined to cross-fractured areas where euchromatin is exposed. Trypsinization of the fractured tissues before labeling with Con A and UEA I abolished 95-100% of the original label. Our results show that, within the nucleoplasm, mannose and fucose are residues of glycoproteins preferentially located within the regions of euchromatin.

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40

Trinh, Duong N., Meda Radlinskaite, Jack Cheeseman, Gunter Kuhnle, Helen M. I. Osborn, Paula Meleady, Daniel I. R. Spencer, and Marco P. Monopoli. "Biomolecular Corona Stability in Association with Plasma Cholesterol Level." Nanomaterials 12, no. 15 (August 3, 2022): 2661. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12152661.

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Biomolecular corona is spontaneously formed on the surface of nanoparticles (NPs) when they are in contact with biological fluids. It plays an important role in the colloidal stability of NPs, which is of importance for most of their medical applications and toxicity assessment. While typical studies use either blood plasma or serum from a pooled biobank, it is unclear whether differences in the media, such as cholesterol level or protein concentration, might affect the NP colloidal stability and corona composition. In this study, the silica corona was prepared at particularly low plasma concentrations (3%, v/v–1.98 mg/mL) to identify the critical roles of the protein mass/NP surface ratio and the level of plasma cholesterol on the corona protein pattern and particle stability. While depending on the plasma dilution factor, the corona protein composition could be controlled by keeping the protein/NP constant. The NP colloidal stability was found to strongly correlate with the level of cholesterol in human plasma, particularly due to the high enrichment of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) in the corona. A cohort study on plasma samples from individuals with known cholesterol levels was performed to highlight that association, which could be relevant for all corona systems enriched with the LDL.

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41

Degueldre, C., and B. Wernli. "Association behaviour of 241Am(III) on SiO2(amorphous) and SiO2(quartz) colloids." Journal of Environmental Radioactivity 20, no. 3 (January 1993): 151–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0265-931x(93)90007-t.

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42

Haghmoradi, Amin, Le Wang, and Walter G. Chapman. "A density functional theory for colloids with two multiple bonding associating sites." Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 28, no. 24 (April 26, 2016): 244009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/28/24/244009.

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43

Song, Minseok, Yajun Ding, Mark A. Snyder, and Jeetain Mittal. "Effect of Nonionic Surfactant on Association/Dissociation Transition of DNA-Functionalized Colloids." Langmuir 32, no. 39 (September 20, 2016): 10017–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b02096.

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44

Ma, Fuduo, Sijia Wang, David T. Wu, and Ning Wu. "Electric-field–induced assembly and propulsion of chiral colloidal clusters." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 112, no. 20 (May 4, 2015): 6307–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1502141112.

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Chiral molecules with opposite handedness exhibit distinct physical, chemical, or biological properties. They pose challenges as well as opportunities in understanding the phase behavior of soft matter, designing enantioselective catalysts, and manufacturing single-handed pharmaceuticals. Microscopic particles, arranged in a chiral configuration, could also exhibit unusual optical, electric, or magnetic responses. Here we report a simple method to assemble achiral building blocks, i.e., the asymmetric colloidal dimers, into a family of chiral clusters. Under alternating current electric fields, two to four lying dimers associate closely with a central standing dimer and form both right- and left-handed clusters on a conducting substrate. The cluster configuration is primarily determined by the induced dipolar interactions between constituent dimers. Our theoretical model reveals that in-plane dipolar repulsion between petals in the cluster favors the achiral configuration, whereas out-of-plane attraction between the central dimer and surrounding petals favors a chiral arrangement. It is the competition between these two interactions that dictates the final configuration. The theoretical chirality phase diagram is found to be in excellent agreement with experimental observations. We further demonstrate that the broken symmetry in chiral clusters induces an unbalanced electrohydrodynamic flow surrounding them. As a result, they rotate in opposite directions according to their handedness. Both the assembly and propulsion mechanisms revealed here can be potentially applied to other types of asymmetric particles. Such kinds of chiral colloids will be useful for fabricating metamaterials, making model systems for both chiral molecules and active matter, or building propellers for microscale transport.

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45

Ibrahim, Abdel Wahab M., Hisham Farag, Mohammed Naguib, and Ezzeldin Ibrahim. "Neuroepithelial (colloid) cyst of the third ventricle in identical twins." Journal of Neurosurgery 65, no. 3 (September 1986): 401–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/jns.1986.65.3.0401.

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✓ Colloid cysts of the third ventricle are described in middle-aged twin brothers. One of them presented with recurrent attacks of headache. In this patient the cyst had reached a size large enough to obstruct the cerebrospinal fluid pathway, resulting in hydrocephalus. The twin brother, although asymptomatic, was suspected of the anomaly and investigated because of the similarity of his ocular signs. The diagnosis was confirmed by computerized tomography in both the patient and his brother. The latter proved to have a smaller colloid cyst situated anteriorly in the third ventricle with no obstructive hydrocephalus. The patient was successfully operated on, while the brother is still under observation. Both brothers have had bilateral cataracts, retinal detachments, and left lateral rectus palsies. The familial occurrence of colloid cysts and their association with these ocular findings have apparently not been described before.

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46

Davis, T. P., and J. P. A. Heuts. "25th Australasian Polymer Symposium Special Issue." Australian Journal of Chemistry 55, no. 7 (2002): 359. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch02160.

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In February 2001 the 25th Australasian Polymer Symposium was held at the University of New England in Armidale and was attended by over 200 Australasian and international scientists; about a third of these were registered as students. Preceding the conference, a well-attended joint workshop/summer school with the theme of radical polymerization was convened in association with the Cooperative Research Centre for Polymers (CRC-P) and the ARC Key Centre for Polymer Colloids (KCPC).

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47

Stepykin, N. I. "Associative Field as a Model of Mental Representation: Cognitive, Emotive and Linguistic Aspects." Proceedings of the Southwest State University 28, no. 1 (April 7, 2024): 88–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.21869/2223-1560-2024-28-1-88-99.

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Purpose of research. Modeling of the associative field in order to reflect the nature of the predication of speech action, represented by the cue – target pair, as well as to identify the dominant mental supports.Methods. The construction of the associative field is based on the data of free association tests presented in the Russian associative thesaurus and the University of South Florida Free Association Norms. Modeling of the associative field involves the distribution of associates by the nature of predication to identify conceptual reactions, associates-representations, emotional and evaluative, and operational reactions. The established correlation of the types of associates makes it possible to identify the dominance of cognitive, emotive or linguistic guidelines in the production of speech action.Results. Due to psycholinguistic modeling of the associative fields uchitel and teacher ethnocultural difference in the nature of the predication of speech actions was established. Reactions-representations dominate among American respondents, operational associates prevail among Russian ones. Russian speakers rely more on language norms, while Americans rely on cognitive guidelines. Emotive guidelines take an intermediate place between cognitive and linguistic ones. Associative field uchitel has 12% more emotional and evaluative reactions in comparison with the field teacher. The close distance of the psychological meaning of the words teacher and student is stipulated by the overlapping associations, such as school, professor, class and book. The associative fields uchitel and student do not have overlapping associates, which emphasizes the lack of common psychological meaning.Conclusion. The conducted research made it possible to demonstrate the effectiveness and prospects of the psycholinguistic model of mental representation. It has been determined that the proposed model reveals the nature of predication in the cue – target relationship, as well as the prevailing guidelines of the internal lexicon and signs on the basis of which psychological predication is carried out.

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Piazza, Roberto. "Protein interactions and association: an open challenge for colloid science." Current Opinion in Colloid & Interface Science 8, no. 6 (April 2004): 515–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cocis.2004.01.008.

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Upadhyaya, A. K., and P. D. Sud. "Psychiatric Presentation of Third Ventricular Colloid Cyst." British Journal of Psychiatry 152, no. 4 (April 1988): 567–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.152.4.567.

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A case of colloid cyst of the third ventricle in a patient presenting with delusional depressive syndrome, in clear consciousness and with minimal cognitive impairment, is reported. The possible pathogenesis of the syndrome is discussed in the light of the reported association between aqueduct stenosis, diencephalic dysfunction, hydrocephalus, and psychotic symptoms.

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Porte, Grégoire, Honggang Zhou, and Véronique Lazzeri. "Reversible Description of Asphaltene Colloidal Association and Precipitation." Langmuir 19, no. 1 (January 2003): 40–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/la0260279.

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