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Poon, Fung-ying, and 潘鳳英. "Word Association and L2 vocabulary acquisition." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1993. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31956695.
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Gonzales, Valerie Anne. "Factors that influence priming in young children." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/NQ32746.pdf.
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Hale, Christopher R. "Effects of background knowledge on associative learning in causal domains." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/30252.
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Lazendic, Goran Psychology Faculty of Science UNSW. "The locus and source of verbal associations." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Psychology, 2006. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/25150.
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In this dissertation an attempt was made to uncover the source of verbal associations. The investigation focused on establishing the locus of representation for associative relationships in the cognitive system and whether this locus is different from that for semantic relationships. A picture naming task and an object decision task were used within the standard priming paradigm, in which the target is preceded by a prime. A dual-level model was proposed in which associative relatedness is represented at a lemma level that connects the lexical form representation of a word to its semantic information. According to this model an interaction between associative and categorical relatedness should occur in picture naming, but not in object decision, when primes and targets share both relationships, and this is what was observed. To investigate the mechanisms of associative priming, asymmetrically associated prime-target pairs were used to create two situations. In the forward priming condition the target was an associate of the prime (e.g., brick-house), and in the backward priming condition the prime was an associate of the target (e.g., babyrattle). Unexpectedly, facilitation was observed for backward priming at the short SOA in picture naming. Because no effect was observed for this condition in the object decision task, and given that forward priming produced facilitation in both tasks spreading activation was upheld as the mechanism for associative priming. In order to investigate whether the source of the relationship between associates might be in their latent semantic content, the impact of instrument relationships (e.g., grinder-coffee), script relationships (e.g., zoo-tiger), and proximity in multidimensional semantic space were also investigated in the picture naming task. Items that were close in semantic space, but did not share any semantic relationships, produced the same priming pattern as category co-ordinates in picture naming (i.e., interference), while instrumental and script relationships did not produce a priming pattern that matched either that observed for associative or categorical relatedness. These results were taken to indicate that the source of associative relationships is in the co-occurrence of words in the language, which further supported the main claim of a dual-level model where information about verbal associations is stored outside semantic memory.
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Wong, Mei-fung. "The use of association in Chinese individual oral presentation of Hong Kong form six students Xianggang zhong liu xue sheng ge ren duan jiang zhong lian xiang li de yan jiu /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2006. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B37346258.
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Becker, Patti Clayton. "Books and libraries in American society during World War II : weapons in the war of ideas /." New York : Routledge, 2005. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb40149147k.
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Texte remanié de: Doctoral dissertation--Madison (Wis.)--University of Wisconsin, 2002. Titre de soutenance : Up the hill of opportunity: American public libraries and ALA during World War II.Bibliogr. p. 267-281. Notes bibliogr. p. 219-266.
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Laborda, Mario A. "An associative account for the etiology of phobias without recall of original trauma S-R associations, their extinction, and recovery /." Diss., Online access via UMI:, 2009.
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Bodner, Glen Edward. "Prime validity affects masked repetition and masked semantic priming : evidence for an episodic resource-retrieval account of priming." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ52754.pdf.
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Yasutake, Yuko. "English and Japanese word associations and syntagmatic-paradigmatic shift of Japanese children learning English as a second language." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/25540.
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Research in word association studies found that children give predominantly syntagmatic responses (responses from different form classes from stimuli). English children were found to undergo a shift to paradigmatic (responses from the same form classes as stimuli) before age ten (referred to as S-P shift) which is the adult norm. On the other hand, Japanese children do not have S-P shift, and Japanese adults' responses are dominantly syntagmatic (Moran 1968).
Leicester (1981) collected English word association responses from Japanese beginner and advanced learners of English as a second language and found S-P shift like increase of paradigmatic responses as English ability improves. This study purports to replicate Leicester's study among children. It is because the existence of the S-P shift in English of second-language learners whose first language does not have the shift would mean that second language learning parallels first language acquisition.
Two main hypothesis were tested:
1. That Japanese children learning English as a second language will give dominantly syntagmatic responses in Japanese regardless of their grade level.
2. That Japanese children learning English as a second language of higher grade level will give more paradigmatic responses than those of lower grade level.
Three subsidiary hypotheses were tested:
3. That Japanese children learning English as a second language will give different proportion of paradigmatic responses in Japanese and English.
4. That Japanese children learning English as a second language will give different pattern of responses in each language.
5. That Japanese children learning English as a second language will give fewer paradigmatic responses in English than monolingual English children of the same grade.
Thirty students each of grades one, three, and five from two Japanese supplementary schools in Vancouver and Seattle were used as subjects. The subjects attend regular English classes at public schools, and therefore, their English ability was assumed to parallel their grade level. 27-item word association test was administered in English and Japanese. The ratio of paradigmatic responses was analyzed according to grade level.
In agreement with literature, no grade difference was found among Japanese paradigmatic responses. In English, however, grade one subjects performed most paradigmatically, and thereby, no linear correspondence between English ability and English paradigmatic responses was found. Although English responses were close to the English norm, and Japanese responses to the Japanese norm, a significant number of Japanese responses were given in English association by grade five students. Significant difference in paradigmaticity was also found when two schools were compared as well as between two languages. Grade one students outperformed equivalent English monolingual children in English.
It was speculated that young children develop L2 vocabulary
systems independently and directly from the start resulting in higher rate of paradigmatic responses, whereas older children initially construct a one to one association between LI and L2, resulting in translation responses and low paradigmaticity in the case of English. School difference suggests that there are some other variables affecting word association.Education, Faculty of
Language and Literacy Education (LLED), Department of
Graduate
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Wheeler, Daniel S. "Contrasting reduced overshadowing and forward blocking." Diss., Online access via UMI:, 2006.
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Chicquor, Isabel. "A thesis defense by Isabel Chicquor." Online version of thesis, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/12142.
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Leme, Antonio Cesar da Silva 1972. "O tema da identidade pessoal no livro 1 do Tratadode Hume." [s.n.], 2013. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/279805.
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Orientador: José Oscar de Almeida MarquesDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas
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Resumo: Esta dissertação examina o tema da identidade pessoal no Livro 1 do Tratado da natureza humana de David Hume, e a sua retomada nos textos da Sinopse e do "Apêndice". Trata-se de explicar o sentido de algumas afirmações feitas por Hume sobre esse tema. Na seção "Da Identidade Pessoal", Hume, por um lado, nega a existência da ideia do eu e, por outro, propõe uma tese sobre o eu, segundo a qual o eu é um sistema de diferentes percepções, encadeadas pelos princípios de associação de ideias. Ao retomar o tema da identidade pessoal no "Apêndice", Hume mostra-se decepcionado com sua própria explicação oferecida previamente para esse assunto no Tratado e na Sinopse. Diante dessas afirmações, o objetivo do nosso trabalho é cotejar suas afirmações iniciais sobre o tema do eu com sua reconsideração posterior a fim de tentar entender o motivo da sua insatisfação. Seguindo a hipótese proposta por Piston, defendo que Hume apresenta uma concepção do eu alternativa para as explicações de Descartes e Locke. Além disso, sugiro que Hume mantém no "Apêndice" a mesma concepção de identidade pessoal apresentada inicialmente no texto do Tratado. Para sustentar essas hipóteses, é imprescindível distinguir o objeto da crítica de Hume, o eu inventado pelos filósofos, da proposição humeana acerca sobre o eu como um sistema de percepções em fluxo constante
Abstract: This dissertation examines the theme of personal identity in Book 1 of the Treatise of Human Nature by David Hume, and its resumption in the texts of the Synopsis and the "Appendix." It intends to explain the meaning of some statements made by Hume on this topic. In the section "Personal Identity" Hume, on the one hand, denies the existence of the idea of the self and, on the other, proposes a thesis about the self, according to which the self is a system of different perceptions, linked by the principles of association of ideas. When he revisited the issue of personal identity in the "Appendix", Hume appears disappointed with his own explanation previously offered for that subject in the Treatise and in the Synopsis. Given these statements, the aim of this work is to collate Hume's initial statements on the subject of the self with his subsequent reconsideration, in order to try to understand the reason for his dissatisfaction. Following a hypothesis proposed by Piston, I argue that Hume presents a conception of the self alternative to explanations of Descartes and Locke. Furthermore, I suggest that Hume holds in the "Appendix" the same conception of personal identity presented initially in the text of the Treatise. To support these hypotheses, it is essential to distinguish the object of Hume's criticism, the self invented by philosophers, from Hume's proposition about the self as a system of perceptions in constant flux
Mestrado
Filosofia
Mestre em Filosofia
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Sweet, Monica Ann. "Representational flexibility in the three-year-old : evidence from dimensional change tasks /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC IP addresses, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3112192.
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Twyman, Todd. "Effects of a conceptually framed, problem/solution/effect graphic organizer on content comprehension and problem solving skills for seventh grade social studies students /." view abstract or download file of text, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/uoregon/fullcit?p3113030.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2003.Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 97-105). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.
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Wong, Mei-fung, and 黃美鳳. "The use of association in Chinese individual oral presentation of Hong Kong form six students =." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2006. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B37346258.
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Casanave, Carlota Maria Ibertis de Lassalle. "As tramas de Mnemosine : a memoria nos primordios da teoria freudiana." [s.n.], 2008. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/280575.
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Orientador: Luiz Roberto MonzaniTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias Humanas
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Resumo: A presente Tese de Doutorado versa sobre a concepção de memória subjacente aos escritos freudianos correspondentes ao período que transcorre entre Sobre a concepção das afasias, de 1891, e Psicopatologia da vida quotidiana, de 1901. Defende-se, em primeiro lugar, que a memória tem caráter criativo, fundamentado esse caráter em um certo associacionismo sui generis sustentado por Freud. Apresentam-se as características específicas dessa posição, mostrando por que não é identificável com a de Stuart Mill. Em segundo lugar, defende-se que o caráter criativo da memória encontra diversas formas de manifestação: a) ao constituir, com base nas primeiras vivências, o núcleo de desejos e aversões da psique; b) ao transcrever, de tempos em tempos, os traços mnêmicos que correspondem às fases de desenvolvimento; c) no fenômeno de determinação a posteriori; d) ao associar material de traços mnêmicos, dando lugar a condensações e deslocamentos nos processos primários; e) ao plasmar desejos e fantasias como recordações e f) ao re-significar o passado, introduzindo novas conexões. Todas essas formas de manifestação são baseadas, em última instância, em mecanismos associativos. Na explicitação dessas formas fica evidenciada uma mudança no pensamento freudiano em relação ao papel da experiência. A primazia que tinha, inicialmente, a experiência real diminui com a descoberta da sexualidade infantil: Assim, desejo e fantasia ganham maior peso na determinação psíquica sem, por isso, descartar completamente a relevância da experiência real, uma vez que ela está na base da formação daqueles. Três pontos na elaboração freudiana da memória se mostram decisivos para sustentar as hipóteses acima mencionadas: o papel do registro mnêmico da experiência real, a multiplicidade e a transformação das inscrições mnêmicas e, por último, o registro como recordação do meramente desejado. Cada um desses pontos constitui o núcleo do respectivo capítulo. O exame atenta para aqueles aspectos que definem o caráter criativo da memória, considerando as funções de registro, de conservação e de rememoração. Destarte, inclui-se Freud, em uma longa tradição filosófica que aproxima a memória da imaginação
Abstract: This PhD Dissertation explores the concept of underlying memory in Freud's work, between the publication of On Aphasia: A Critical Study, in 1891, and Psychopathology of Everyday Life, in 1901. It is argued, firstly, that memory has a creative nature, based on certain associationism sui generis proposed by Freud. The specific features of Freud's position are discussed, showing why it is not analogous to that proposed by Stuart Mill. Secondly, it is argued that the creative nature of memory finds diverse forms of manifestation: a) when constituting, on the basis of first experiences, the psyche's nucleus of desires and aversions; b) when transcending, from time to time, the rnnemonic traces that correspond to the developmental phases; c) in the phenomenon of a posteriori determination; d) when associating rnnemonic traces material, giving raise to condensations and displacements in the primary processes; e) when shaping desires and fantasies as memories; and f) when re-meaning the past by introducing new connections. All these forrns of manifestation are based on associative' mechanisms. The explanation of these forms provides evidence for a change in Freudian thought on the role of experience. The priority given initially to real experience dirninishes with the discovery of child sexuality. Thus, desire and fantasy acquire greater weight in the psyche' s deterrnination, without discarding the relevance of real experience, which lies at the basis of the forrnation of both. Three points in the Freudian elaboration of memory seem crucial in order to support the hypotheses proposed above: the role of the mnemonic register of real experience, the multiplicity and transformation of rnnemonic inscriptions, and, finally, the register as memory of the desired. Each one of these issues constitutes the focus of a thesis chapter. This dissertation examines the aspects that define the creative náture of memory, while considering the roles of register, conservation and remembrance. Freud is thus inc1uded in a long philosophical tradition that approximates memory to imagination
Doutorado
Filosofia
Doutor em Filosofia
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Roberto, Sandra Gaspar. "Entre fronteiras: A inscrição da cultura no processo de tornar-se mãe." Master's thesis, ISPA - Instituto Universitário, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.12/2327.
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Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada ao ISPA - Instituto Universitário, na especialidade de Psicologia ClínicaTornar-se mãe é a expressão usada para pensar as mulheres que se tornam mães, inevitavelmente, implicadas em profundas transformações psíquicas e recriadas na especificidade da subjectividade materna. Este estudo, situado num paradigma de investigação psicanalítico, procurou compreender as ligações entre a subjectividade materna e a cultura, aqui entendida enquanto constituinte psíquico, sob a forma de espaço intermediário. Através do método das narrativas de livre associação de ideias, procuramos compreender as ligações acima referidas, numa mulher Cabo-verdiana, tendo sido promovidos três encontros; dois, antes do bebé nascer e, outro, 6 meses após o nascimento. A análise das narrativas e a respectiva discussão permitiram dar conta das transformações psíquicas decorridas ao longo deste processo e a articulação entre estas e a cultura. Decorrente da especificidade da subjectividade, encontramos, nesta mulher, a possibilidade de reflectir sobre o impacto das representações culturais inconsistentes nas transformações psíquicas ligadas à subjectividade materna e ao processo de tornar-se mãe. ------ ABSTRACT ------- Becoming mother is the expression used to think about women who become mothers, inevitably, involved in profound psychic changes that are recreated in the specificity of maternal subjectivity. This study, set in a paradigm of psychoanalytic research, sought to understand the links between maternal subjectivity and culture, understood here as a psychological constituent, in the form of intermediate space. Through the narratives of free association of ideas, we seek to understand the links described above, on a Cape Verdean woman, having been promoted three encounters; two, before the baby is born, and another, 6 months after birth. The analysis of the narratives and the related discussion allowed to highlight the psychic transformations throughout this process and the relationship between them and the culture. Resulting from the specificity of subjectivity, we found in this woman, the opportunity to reflect on the impact of inconsistent cultural representations in maternal subjectivity and in the becoming mother process as a whole.
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Cheng, Tzung-Yu. "The effects of graphic organizers on the comprehension and retention of Chinese sixth-grade readers in social studies classrooms." Virtual Press, 1993. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/897466.
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The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of using graphic organizers during prereading, reading, and postreading positions of the comprehension and retention of Chinese sixth-grade students who were identified as below-average or above-average readers. Chinese sixth graders from one school were first administered The Michigan Chinese Reading Test to identify reading level. Subjects were then assigned to one of the four treatment groups: traditional Chinese social studies method, graphic preorganizers, graphic organizers as a reading guide, and graphic post organizers.Two practice passages were first used to familiarize the subjects with how graphic organizers were utilized in instruction before reading on experimental passage. The dependent measure, 45 multiple-choice questions based on the experimental passage, was administered twice: the next day after the instructional sessions were concluded and again seven days later.The principal analysis to test the three null hypotheses was a 2 x 4 x 2 ANOVA with repeated measures on the last factor corresponding to the two administrations of the test. Two follow-up analyses of variance (ANOVAs) were used to test for differences in treatment condition sepa-rately for above-average readers and below-average readers, using the average of the immediate and the seven-day delayed tests. One Scheffe test was applied to find the location of significant differences among the four treatment conditions for above-average readers. Finally, four follow-up t-tests were used to test for differences in reading level at each of the four treatment levels.Three conclusions were drawn from the statistical analyses of the data: 1) graphic organizers had a significant effect on comprehension and retention only when above-average readers were required to process the organizers during reading; 2) graphic organizers did not produce significantly better comprehension and recall performance of below-average readers; and 3) the effect of graphic organizers was equal to that of the traditional Chinese social studies method in maintaining comprehension and recall for both above-average readers and below-average readers over a one-week delay.Department of Elementary Education
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Sundberg, Kjell. "Palestinagrupperna i Sverige : En solidaritetsrörelses syn på det palestinskafolket och dess representanter." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för idé- och samhällsstudier, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-152543.
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This study analyses a Swedish solidarity organisation, The Palestine Solidarity Association ofSweden. In original language Palestinagrupperna i Sverige, abbreviated PGS. Like other solidaritygroups the PGS was founded in sympathy with liberation movements during the decolonisation erain the 1960s. The PGS supports the Palestinian attempt to form an independent state partly on thesame land as Israel.Many of the groups were organised in a different manner than traditional leftist organisations. Thisstudy tries to apply the theory of Social Contentious Movements to the PSG. The general idea isthat new social groups mobilise in new ways and apply confrontational tactics towards the state.Renowned scholars in this field are Sidney Tarrow and Charles Tilly. Some of these groups wereformed transnationally and used new ways of communication like the internet.The PGS is active in one such transnational organisation called BDS, Boycott, Divestment andSanctions. PGS have put pressure on Swedish businesses to boycott the Israeli factory SodaStreamthat has been producing on occupied Palestinian territory still labelling the products Made inIsrael.The study shows support for the fact that the PGS has gradually turned from mainly radical critic toan organisation of development aid in Palestine. The main hostile counterpart is the Israeligovernment, which has promised to stop PGS-members entering the country because of itsengagement in the BDS.The results of the study gives support to explanation of its survival where other leftist solidaritygroups have ceased to exist due to its work with development aid.The PGS supports the rights of the Palestinian people. The interest of the people has beenarticulated in different ways of the leadership. The initial wholehearted support seems to havechanged to a more sceptical one. The support now is more directed towards the civil society.
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Alves, Marcelo de Sousa Ferreira. "O papel da imaginaÃÃo no conhecimento humano segundo David Hume." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2015. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=15737.
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FundaÃÃo de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do CearÃEsta dissertaÃÃo aborda a relaÃÃo da faculdade da imaginaÃÃo com a formaÃÃo de crenÃas e com as outras faculdades como a memÃria e a razÃo no pensamento de David Hume. O foco principal da imaginaÃÃo à o livro I da obra Tratado da Natureza Humana, entretanto algumas consideraÃÃes serÃo feitas acerca da contribuiÃÃo da obra InvestigaÃÃes sobre o Conhecimento Humano para o assunto aqui abordado. Pretende-se mostrar que, para Hume, a imaginaÃÃo tem um papel fundamental na formaÃÃo dos raciocÃnios sobre o mundo e sobre as ciÃncias empÃricas.
This dissertation offers an account of the relation of the faculty of imagination whith the formation of belief and with other faculties such as memory and understanding in Humeâs thought. The main focus of the investigation is the work Treatise on Human Nature, nonetheless some considerations will be made about the contribution of the work Investigation on Human Understanding to the topic at stake. This is a work purported to show that the imagination has a fundamental role in the reasoning processes about the work and about the empirical sciences.
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Begley, Siobhan. "Voluntary associations and the civic ideal in Leicester, 1870-1939." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/9924.
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This thesis discusses the contribution of voluntary associations to the civic ideal in Leicester between 1870 and 1939. It demonstrates the growth in local voluntary associations over the period and illustrates the role they played in public life. Voluntary associations throughout the period 1870 to 1939 helped in the management of local public affairs and provided an organized social life in the town. They promoted social cohesion and a perception of civic unity as well as allowing an expression of difference. Associational life in Leicester became denser between 1870 and 1939, mutating from an elite to a more inclusive model and involvement in voluntary groups that embraced the civic ideal helped previously marginalised groups to integrate into public life. Although national influence encroached on local associational life over these decades there remained a balance between local bodies and those with a national dimension, with branches of some national associations assuming a strong local identity. The meetings of the voluntary associations helped structure an annual local calendar that was represented by the Leicester newspapers as part of a shared culture of interest to all Leicester residents. This regular programme of associational life underpinned the organisation and credibility of a ‘one off’ spectacular, the Leicester Pageant of 1932, an event which was supported by local voluntary associations, through which thousands of Leicester townspeople were mobilised to participate. The success of this occasion demonstrated that, in the 1930s, Leicester residents still retained a sense of civic and local identity. This is contrary to a perception in recent scholarship that the popularity of civic ceremony in provincial towns had decreased from the end of the nineteenth century and that this was symptomatic of a decline in the credibility of the civic ideal.
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Shlaka, Hasan Mohammed Ali Saeed. "Jordan-Lie inner ideals of finite dimensional associative algebras." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/42787.
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A subspace B of a Lie algebra L is said to be an inner ideal if [B, [B,L]] ⊆ B. Suppose that L is a Lie subalgebra of an associative algebra A. Then an inner ideal B of L is said to be Jordan-Lie if B2 = 0. In this thesis, we study Jordan-Lie inner ideals of finite dimensional associative algebras (with involution) and their corresponding Lie algebras over an algebraically closed field F of characteristic not 2 or 3. Let A be a finite dimensional associative algebra over F. Recall that A becomes a Lie algebra A(-) under the Lie bracket defined by [x,y] = xy - yx for all x,y ∈ A. Put A(0) = A(-) and A(k) = [A(k-1),A(k-1)] for all k ≥ 1. Let L be the Lie algebra A(k) (k ≥ 0). In the first half of this thesis, we prove that every Jordan-Lie inner ideal of L admits Levi decomposition. We get full classification of Jordan-Lie inner ideals of L satisfying a certain minimality condition. In the second half of this thesis, we study Jordan-Lie inner ideals of Lie subalgebras of finite dimensional associative algebras with involution. Let A be a finite dimensional associative algebra over F with involution * and let K(1) be the derived Lie subalgebra of the Lie algebra K of the skew-symmetric elements of A with respect to *. We classify * -regular inner ideals of K and K(1) satisfying a certain minimality condition and show that every bar-minimal * -regular inner ideal of K or K(1) is of the form eKe* for some idempotent e in A with e*e = 0. Finally, we study Jordan-Lie inner ideals of K(1) in the case when A does not have “small” quotients and show that they admit *-invariant Levi decomposition.
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Brag, Felix. "Att komponera & associera : Hur ett idémedium tenderar att styra den intuitiva processen och hur färger kan hjälpa mig att göra bredare associationer under kompositionsstadiet." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för musik och bild (MB), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-56980.
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Denna uppsats diskuterar den komplexa och undermedvetna process som ger upphov till spontana musikaliska idéer. Förhoppningen med detta arbete är att fungera som underlag för vidare och mer utarbetade teorier kring uppkomsten av spontana musikaliska idéer och hur vi kan kombinera vår intuitiva och diskursiva kunskap i syfte att få mer originella idéer. För att uppnå syfte har fyra musikaliska verk inspirerade av färger skrivits med fokus på det melodiska innehållet. De fyra verken är komponerade utan instrument (Idémedium) och har sedan på gehör programmerats och arrangerats (digitalt) med utgångspunkt i de respektive färgunderlagen. Övningen har sedan utvärderats och diskuterats med utgångspunkt i de idéer om den intuitiva härledningsprocessen som formulerats i samband med arbetet. Produkterna av de fyra musikaliska verken för detta arbete uppvisar tydliga olikheter sinsemellan. Vissa tydligt medvetna associationer går direkt att härleda ur respektive färgunderlag samtidigt som vissa mer svårmotiverade val har gjorts under komponerings- och arrangeringsprocessen.This study has been formed through a series of thoughts regarding the complex and subconscious process that form spontaneous musical ideas - the process of intuition. The expectations with this essay is to underlay future, and more thorough, theories about the origin of spontaneous ideas and how we can combine our intuitive knowledge and our discursive knowledge in order to get more original ideas. In an attempt to test how spontaneous musical ideas might get affected by the use of a medium for translating ideas (in this case a musical instrument) four songs have been composed without the use of musical instruments. In the process of composing the songs, colours have figured as a source of inspiration in an attempt to “force” the intuitive process to take less direct ways to a source of information based on past experience of music. The argument for this is that a colour is a non-musical stimulus which in contrast to a musical stimulus (something with musical qualities to it) makes it harder for our intuition to take shortcuts to relevant data based on our past experiences of music. The four songs later got lightly arranged with an intuitive approach, which in this case means to ”as little as possible” reflect (discursively) over the choices of instruments and other aspects of the arrangement. This exercise has then been discussed and evaluated with reference to my assumptions about the intuitive process. The result of i this exercise shows four songs that are remarkably different from one another and also some potentially ”unwanted” side effects of the chosen method for testing these ideas.
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Moore, Erin Lindsey. "Thin-Ideal Internalization, Body Misperception, and Their Association with Weight Control Behaviors Among Adolescent Girls." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2011. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/3053.
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Negative body image and preoccupation with weight are the norm for most women and girls in Western society, despite their potentially harmful consequences for psychological and physical wellness. While we know that many in this population experience negative feelings towards their bodies, we do not know if their beliefs about their body size are accurate and what effect a correct or incorrect assessment of one's body size has in terms of actual behavior. I examine this question among adolescent girls using data from the 2002 Health Behaviors in School-Age Children Survey. With a sample of 2,784 girls between the ages of 11 and 17, I run Poisson regression models to assess the relationship between actual and perceived body size and healthy versus unhealthy weight control behaviors, controlling for a number of indicators known to be associated with weight control, including parent and peer relationships, media exposure, and age of first menstruation. Results indicate that a discrepancy between actual and perceived body size is associated with increases in both positive and negative weight control behaviors, though the association with negative weight control behaviors is much larger. Starting puberty later is associated with a decrease in both types of these behaviors. Difficult family relationships appear to be more strongly associated with negative weight control than positive weight control. Other associations are discussed and suggestions for future research are offered.
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Dias, Júnior Claud Wagner Gonçalves. "Os ideais de uma álgebra associativa gerados por comutadores e tópicos relacionados." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UnB, 2016. http://repositorio.unb.br/handle/10482/22534.
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Tese (doutorado)—Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Departamento de Matemática, 2016.Submitted by Camila Duarte (camiladias@bce.unb.br) on 2017-01-30T13:32:25Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016_ClaudWagnerGonçalvesDiasJúnior.pdf: 2990416 bytes, checksum: 3698eda2b6ac5cd396849465bdcc9c21 (MD5)
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Seja A uma álgebra associativa unitária sobre um anel associativo, comutativo e unitário k . Defina o comutador normado à esquerda [a1, a2,..., an] (ai ϵ A) indutivamente por [a1, a2]=a1a2-a2a1; [a1, a2,..., an]=[[a1, ...an-1]. Para n ≥2, seja T(n) (A) o ideal bilateral de A gerado pelos comutadores [a1, a2,..., an] (ai Є A). Seja ɛ={e1, e2,...} um conjunto gerador da álgebra A. A primeira parte desta tese diz respeito aos elementos que geram T(n) (A) como um ideal bilateral em A. O objetivo principal dessa parte consiste em mostrar que 1. Se 1/(6 ) ∈k, então T(n) (A) é gerado como ideal bilateral pelos comutadores [u1, ..., un] em que u_i ε∪ ε^2. Se 1/(3 ) ∈k , então T(n) (A) é gerado como ideal bilateral pelos comutadores [u1, ..., un] em que u_i ∈ε∪ ε^2∪ε^3. Aqui ε^(k ) (k≥1) denota o conjunto dos elementos de A da forma ei1 ei2...eik ∈ ε. Para isso, em um primeiro momento, será descrito um método recursivo que permite obter um conjunto de geradores para o ideal T (n) (A) (n≥3), como ideal bilateral em A , a partir dos geradores de T (n-2) (A) . A demonstração dos itens 1 e 2 acima é feita com base nesse resultado. Seja Z
Let A be an associative unitary algebra over a commutative, associative and unitary ring K. De_ne a left-normed commutator [a1, a2,..., an] (ai ϵ A) inductively by [a1, a2]=a1a2-a2a1; [a1, a2,..., an]=[[a1, ...an-1]. For n ≥2, let T(n) (A) be the two-sided ideal in A generated by all commutators [a1, a2,..., an] (ai Є A). Let ɛ={e1, e2,...} be a generating set of algebra A. The _rst part of this thesis concerns with the elements that generateT(n) (A) as two-sided ideal in A. The main purpose of the _rst part of this thesis is to show that 1. If 1/(6 ) ∈k, then T(n) (A) is generated as two-sided ideal by the commutators [u1, ..., un] where u_i ε∪ ε^2. 2. If 1/(3 ) ∈k , then T(n) (A) is generated as two-sided ideal by the commutators [u1, ..., un] where u_i ∈ε∪ ε^2∪ε^3. Here ε^(k ) (k≥1) denotes the set of elements of the form ei1 ei2...eik ∈ ε. For this, at _rst, we describe a recursive method which allows us to obtain a set of generators for the ideal T (n) (A) (n≥3), as a two-sided ideal in A from generators of the ideal T (n-2) (A) . The proof of the items 1 and 2 above is based on this result. Let Z
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Nordstierna, Lars. "Molecular Association Studied by NMR Spectroscopy." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Royal Institute of Technology, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-3947.
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Bartoszuk, Karin, and Alison L. Barton. "Exploration of the Association Between the EOM-EIS-2 and the IDEA in Predicting Emotional Outcomes." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2009. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/3431.
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Matti, Tomas. "Professionella patriarker : Svenska storföretagsledares ideal, praktik och professionaliseringsprocess 1910-1945." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Economic History, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-6550.
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Much is assumed about the professionalisation of managers, but the subject has been little studied within the social sciences. Did it take place and if so, how did it happen? Previous studies suggest that the managers in Swedish industries were professionalised after the Second World War, without, however, thoroughly investigating this claim. To be able to study the professionalisation process of managers, this thesis argues that it is necessary to look at both the ideals and the practice of management. This thesis constructs two different management ideals: the patriarchal ideal and the professional ideal, which are then joined together in a model. The model is then used to interpret the management behaviour of Swedish managers in 1910-1945.
The results of this thesis show that the professionalisation process of managers was not a strict process forward. The ideals were relatively easy to change from a patriarchal ideal to a professional ideal. But the practice of management could be patriarchal as well as professional, depending on the situation and the context. One explanation for this is that the managers could not always live up to the professional ideal. Instead they reverted to the system of personal trust and its loyalties in line with the patriarchal ideal. Therefore the professionalisation process of managers was not as successful as it might have been.
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Cazzato, V., Elizabeth R. Walters, and C. Urgesi. "Associations of observer’s gender, Body Mass Index and internalization of societal beauty ideals to visual body processing." Springer, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/18395.
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YesWe examined whether visual processing mechanisms of the body of conspecifics are different in women and men and whether these rely on westernised socio-cultural ideals and body image concerns. Twenty-four women and 24 men performed a visual discrimination task of upright or inverted images of female or male bodies and faces (Experiment 1) and objects (Experiment 2). In Experiment 1, both groups of women and men showed comparable abilities in the discrimination of upright and inverted bodies and faces. However, the gender of the human stimuli yielded different effects on participants’ performance, so that female faces, and male bodies appeared to be processed less configurally than female bodies and male faces, respectively. Interestingly, the reduction of configural processing for male bodies was significantly predicted by participants’ Body Mass Index (BMI) and their level of internalization of muscularity. Our findings suggest that configural visual processing of bodies and faces in women and men may be linked to a selective attention to detail needed for discriminating salient physical (perhaps sexual) cues of conspecifics. Importantly, BMI and muscularity internalization of beauty ideals may also play a crucial role in this mechanism.
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Cash, Rebecca E. "Sleep, Stress, and Ideal Cardiovascular Health: Prevalence and Associations among Emergency Medical Services Personnel and US Adults." The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1574690546135181.
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Castelani, André Ramalho [UNESP]. "Anamnese e associação livre como estruturas dramatúrgicas na peça As folhas do cedro." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/86883.
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O estudo aborda a presença das categorias Anamnese e Associação Livre na peça teatral “As Folhas do Cedro”, de autoria do dramaturgo brasileiro Samir Yazbek. A intenção é apresentar a encenação dessa peça e como nela se desenvolve a temática da memória. A personagem analisada foi a protagonista (chamada de Filha) que relata o passado de sua família, a relação de seus pais, tecendo comentários e reflexões sobre essas situações. Observou-se duas características nesse fluxo memorialista da personagem: 1) lembranças documentadas com cartas e recortes de jornais e 2) a intervenção dessa mesma personagem quando menina em seu círculo de memória. A primeira foi analisada à luz do conceito anamnese e a segunda, associada à Psicanálise, foi estudada a partir de conceitos como associação livre e atenção flutuante
This study approaches the presence of Anamnesis and Free association in the theatrical play The Cedar Leaves, from Brazilian playwright Samir Yazbek. The aim of that is showing the play´s staging and how the memory role is developed in it. The character analysed was the Daughter, who reports her family past, her parents´relationship, weavind comments and thoughts about those situations. We observed two characteristics in this memoirist flow from the character: 1) Documented memories with letters and newspapers clippings and 2) The intervention of this same character when she was a girl, in her memory circle. The first one was analysed under the concept of anamnesis and the second one, associated to Psychoanalysis, was studied from concepts such as Free Association and floating attention
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Alves, Marcelo de Sousa Ferreira. "O papel da imaginação no conhecimento humano segundo David Hume." www.teses.ufc.br, 2015. http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/14485.
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ALVES, Marcelo de Sousa Ferreira. O papel da imaginação no conhecimento humano segundo David Hume. 2015. 74f. – Dissertação (Mestrado) – Universidade Federal do Ceará, Programa de Pós-graduação em Filosofia, Fortaleza (CE), 2015.Submitted by Márcia Araújo (marcia_m_bezerra@yahoo.com.br) on 2015-12-14T15:39:14Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2015_dis_msfalves.pdf: 400940 bytes, checksum: 9136cccea5f7a4ac4cd68e82246d2924 (MD5)
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This dissertation offers an account of the relation of the faculty of imagination whith the formation of belief and with other faculties such as memory and understanding in Hume’s thought. The main focus of the investigation is the work Treatise on Human Nature, nonetheless some considerations will be made about the contribution of the work Investigation on Human Understanding to the topic at stake. This is a work purported to show that the imagination has a fundamental role in the reasoning processes about the work and about the empirical sciences.
Esta dissertação aborda a relação da faculdade da imaginação com a formação de crenças e com as outras faculdades como a memória e a razão no pensamento de David Hume. O foco principal da imaginação é o livro I da obra Tratado da Natureza Humana, entretanto algumas considerações serão feitas acerca da contribuição da obra Investigações sobre o Conhecimento Humano para o assunto aqui abordado. Pretende-se mostrar que, para Hume, a imaginação tem um papel fundamental na formação dos raciocínios sobre o mundo e sobre as ciências empíricas.
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Forsell, Philip. "Antikens manliga ideal och attribut i nutiden : En studie om manliga attribut inom populärkulturen samt gymnasieelevers associationer till män och manlighet." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Svenska språket och genusvetenskap, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-24569.
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Denna uppsats utreder två frågeställningar rörande män och manlighet inom fiktion. Syftet med denna text är att försöka få en insikt i hur män porträtteras inom film och skönlitteratur, samt hur associationer påverkar gymnasielevers uppfattning av innebörden av att vara man. Skönlitteratur och film som inkluderar karaktärerna Odysseus, Batman, James Bond och Sherlock Holmes samt teoretisk litteratur med fokus på både genus och didaktik används för att besvara frågeställningarna. Dessutom används ett kvantitativt frågeformulär för att få in information om gymnasieelevers syn på män och manlighet. En av slutsatserna som kan dras utifrån undersökningsresultatet är att ideal och egenskaper som användes för att skapa fiktiva manliga karaktärer i antikens Grekland fortfarande är närvarande i moderna fiktiva karaktärer. En annan slutsats är att populärkulturen har en stor inverkan på vilka associationer till män och manlighet som människor har.
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Ung, Teresa. "Idea-Generation: Exploring a Co-creation Methodology Using Online Subject Matter Experts, Generative Tools, Free Association, and Storytelling During the Pre-Design Phase." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1236829537.
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Castelani, André Ramalho. "Anamnese e associação livre como estruturas dramatúrgicas na peça "As folhas do cedro" /." São Paulo : [s.n.], 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/86883.
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Orientador: José Manuel Lázaro de Ortecho RamírezBanca: Sérgio Zlotnic
Banca: Carminda Mendes André
Resumo: O estudo aborda a presença das categorias Anamnese e Associação Livre na peça teatral "As Folhas do Cedro", de autoria do dramaturgo brasileiro Samir Yazbek. A intenção é apresentar a encenação dessa peça e como nela se desenvolve a temática da memória. A personagem analisada foi a protagonista (chamada de Filha) que relata o passado de sua família, a relação de seus pais, tecendo comentários e reflexões sobre essas situações. Observou-se duas características nesse fluxo memorialista da personagem: 1) lembranças documentadas com cartas e recortes de jornais e 2) a intervenção dessa mesma personagem quando menina em seu círculo de memória. A primeira foi analisada à luz do conceito anamnese e a segunda, associada à Psicanálise, foi estudada a partir de conceitos como associação livre e atenção flutuante
Abstract: This study approaches the presence of Anamnesis and Free association in the theatrical play "The Cedar Leaves", from Brazilian playwright Samir Yazbek. The aim of that is showing the play's staging and how the memory role is developed in it. The character analysed was the Daughter, who reports her family past, her parents'relationship, weavind comments and thoughts about those situations. We observed two characteristics in this memoirist flow from the character: 1) Documented memories with letters and newspapers clippings and 2) The intervention of this same character when she was a girl, in her memory circle. The first one was analysed under the concept of anamnesis and the second one, associated to Psychoanalysis, was studied from concepts such as Free Association and floating attention
Mestre
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Gawell, Elin. "Centra of Quiver Algebras." Licentiate thesis, Stockholms universitet, Matematiska institutionen, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-106734.
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A partly (anti-)commutative quiver algebra is a quiver algebra bound by an (anti-)commutativity ideal, that is, a quadratic ideal generated by monomials and (anti-)commutativity relations. We give a combinatorial description of the ideals and the associated generator graphs, from which one can quickly determine if the ideal is admissible or not. We describe the center of a partly (anti-)commutative quiveralgebra and state necessary and sufficient conditions for the center to be finitely genteratedas a K-algebra.Examples are provided of partly (anti-)commutative quiver algebras that are Koszul algebras. Necessary and sufficient conditions for finite generation of the Hochschild cohomology ring modulo nilpotent elements for a partly (anti-)commutative Koszul quiver algebra are given.
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Jansen, Martin F. "Funktionswandel der Rechtsanwaltskammern - von staatlichen Zwangsverbänden zu staatlichen Dienstleistungsträgern." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Juristische Fakultät, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/16373.
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In dieser Arbeit beschäftigt sich der Autor mit der deutschen Anwaltsorganisation in Form des traditionsreichen Kammermodells. Die anwaltliche Selbstverwaltung durch Rechtsanwaltskammern stellt hierzulande eine besondere Untergliederungsform des Staates dar und verkörpert eine freiheitliche Traditionslinie in der über weite Strecken hierarchisch geprägten Staats- und Verwaltungsorganisation. Dennoch sieht sich das anwaltliche Kammermodell in der Vergangenheit zunehmender Kritik ausgesetzt. Sind die Rechtsanwaltskammern daher möglicherweise als tradierte Relikte deutscher Staatsorganisation zu verstehen? Besteht für die deutsche Anwaltsorganisation ein Modernisierungsbedarf, worin genau liegt dieser und wie ist dies in der Praxis umsetzbar? Hierzu geht der Autor zunächst rechtsvergleichend auf die britische Anwaltsorganisation ein, welche durch den „Legal Services Act 2007“ eine grundlegende Neuordnung erfahren hat und die für die Anwaltsorganisation in den europäischen Mitgliedstaaten insoweit eine Vorreiterstellung einnimmt. Die Anwaltstätigkeit der Solicitors und Barristers ist mittlerweile zur juristischen Dienstleistung in einer „Legal Services Industry“ geworden und die privaten Berufsverbände Law Society und Bar Council haben ihre Regulierungsbefugnisse an den neu eingeführten „Legal Services Board“ verloren, weshalb ihnen fortan originär nur noch die Aufgabe der Interessenvertretung verbleibt. Der Autor unternimmt anschließend den Versuch, praxisnahe Vorschläge für die Modernisierung der Rechtsanwaltskammern zu unterbreiten. Hierzu wird der den britischen Reformen innewohnende „britische Dienstleistungsgedanke“ fruchtbar gemacht und in das anwaltliche Kammersystem implementiert. Im Ergebnis werden die Rechtsanwaltskammern vom Autor als moderne staatliche Dienstleister qualifiziert, denen neben den klassischen Aufgabenbereichen „Regulierung“ und „Interessenvertretung“ unter dem Gesichtspunkt der „Förderung des Berufsstandes“ und im Rahmen des verfassungsrechtlich Zulässigen verstärkt die Aufgabe eines Dienstleisters zugunsten der eigenen Mitglieder zukommen sollte, um deren Zukunfts- und Wettbewerbsfähigkeit in einem sich stetig anglisierenden Rechtsberatungsmarkt gewährleisten zu können.In this work, the author deals with the german lawyers'' organisation in the form of the traditional chamber model. The lawyers'' self-regulation by Bar Associations (“Rechtsanwaltskammern”) in Germany thereby represents a special subdivision of the state and embodies a liberal tradition dominated by authoritarian state structures and administrative organisation. Nevertheless, in the last years the german chamber model has been encountered to an increasing criticism. Have the German Bar Associations therefore to be regarded as traditional relicts of german government organisation? Is there a need to modernise the german lawyer´s organisation, what exactly is this and how is this implemented in practice? According to this, the author processes on comparative law, namely by analising the british lawyer´s organisation, which has been completely reorganised by the "Legal Services Act 2007" and therefore captures a pioneer role according to lawyer´s organisation in the European Member States. Law practice of solicitors and barristers has now become a part of numerous legal services in a "Legal Services Industry" and the lawyer´s associations Law Society and Bar Council have lost their regulatory powers to the newly established "Legal Services Board", meaning that they are from now on only originally responsible for the representation of lawyers´ interests. The author then attempts to submit practical proposals for the modernisation of the German Bar Associations. For this, the british reforms inherent the "british service idea" which is fructified for and implemented in the german chamber system. As a result, the author qualifies the German Bar Associations as modern service providers, which should get strengthened in addition to their traditional mission areas "regulation" and "representation" from the point of "promotion of the profession", meaning to strengthen their task of providing services for their own members within the constitutionally permissible in order to ensure their future and competitiveness in an ever-anglicised German legal services market.
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Gold, Daniel. "Lobbying Regulation in Canada and the United States: Political Influence, Democratic Norms and Charter Rights." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/40908.
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Lobbying should be strictly regulated – that is the major finding of this thesis. The thesis presents many reasons to enact stricter regulations. The principle one being that, as lightly regulated as it is, lobbying is corroding democracy in both Canada and the United States.
The thesis opens with a deep investigation of how lobbying works in both countries. There are examples taken from the literature, as well as original qualitative interviews of Canadian lobbyists, former politicians, and officials. Together, these make it clear that there is an intimate relationship between lobbying and campaign financing. The link between the two is sufficiently tight that lobbying and campaign financing should be considered mirrors of each other for the purposes of regulatory design and constitutional jurisprudence. They both have large impacts on government decision-making. Left lightly regulated, lobbying and campaign financing erode the processes of democracy, damage policy-making, and feed an inequality spiral into plutocracy. These have become major challenges of our time.
The thesis examines the lobbying regulations currently in place. It finds the regulatory systems of both countries wanting. Since stricter regulation is required to protect democracy and equality, the thesis considers what constitutional constraints, if any, would stand in the way. This, primarily, is a study of how proposed stronger lobbying regulations would interact with the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, s. 2 (free expression and association rights) and s. 3 (democratic rights). The principal findings are that legislation which restricted lobbying as proposed would probably be upheld by the Canadian court, but struck down by the American court, due to differences in their constitutional jurisprudence. The thesis contends that robust lobbying regulations would align with Canadian Charter values, provide benefits to democracy, improve government decision-making, increase equality, and create more room for citizen voices.
The thesis concludes with a set of proposed principles for lobbying reform and an evaluation of two specific reforms: limits on business lobbying and funding for citizen groups. Although the thesis focuses on Canadian and American lobbying regulations, its lessons are broadly applicable to any jurisdiction that is considering regulating lobbying.
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Hýl, Petr. "Slovinské národní divadlo v Lublani." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta architektury, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-215582.
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Moller, Naomi Petra. "Attachment working models: assessing noncons[c]ious and self-reported components of attachment security." Thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/2779.
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Morosan, David. "Solving four word analogy problems : the role of specificity and inclusiveness." Thesis, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/2249.
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The present work examined subjects' performance on eight types of four word analogy problems. Two critical dimensions distinguish among these analogy types: specificity and inclusiveness. Whole-part analogies such as hand : palm as foot : sole (read hand is to palm as foot is to sole) are specific because the association appearing in the two word pairs consist of spatial/functional relationships which are highly similar to each other. In contrast, analogies such as car : wheel as boat : mast are nonspecific because they use whole-part associations which are less similar to each other. Analogies are inclusive if they use relatively direct associations, as in the whole-part association illustrated by car : wheel. In contrast, noninclusive analogies require additional inferences between words, as illustrated in the part-part association bumper: wheel, which requires the object car to be inferred. Responses from undergraduate university subjects show that both inclusive and specific analogy problems were solved more quickly than their noninclusive and nonspecific counterparts, respectively. Experiment 1 illustrated these specificity and inclusiveness effects both in a recognition (multiple choice) paradigm, and a recall paradigm where subjects spoke their own answer choices aloud. Subsequent experiments were performed to examine the role of the association types and the role of word attributes in subjects' processing of these analogy problems. Experiment 2 attempted to prime subjects with the association type used in each block of analogy problems, but showed a very modest effect on solution latencies. In Experiment 3 reordering the words within analogy problems unexpectedly increased the latencies for many problems, apparently because different words appeared in the third word positions within them.
Experiments 4 and 5 focussed directly on the study of specificity. Experiment 4 showed that the processing benefit found for specific analogies is due to the close match of word attributes between word pairs, not due to the attributes of the particular words used. Experiment 5 manipulated the taxonomic similarity of the subject matter addressed by the two pairs of words, and found that the use of word pairs from more taxonomically distant subject areas increased solution latencies for some analogy types. Experiment 6 required subjects to group analogy problems into categories they defined. This procedure validated six of the eight analogy types used in this thesis; the specificity distinction was not evident among the groups of problems formed by subjects. The discussion of these results supports a theoretical model of problem solving four word analogies which incorporates a stage-like, componential processing for nonspecific types, and a faster, more automatic processing for specific types. The discussions of empirical and theoretical work in this thesis also focussed more widely on its relevance to more practical uses of analogies in problem solving.
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Roberts, Kathryn Tierney. "A word game : trends of associative processing in individuals with schizotypal characteristics /." 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10288/1230.
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Hutch, PJ. "Einfühlung and association : landscape painting in nineteenth century Van Diemen’s Land/Tasmania." Thesis, 2022. https://eprints.utas.edu.au/46297/.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis explores landscape paintings by three artists from different geographic and cultural backgrounds working in Van Diemen’s Land/Tasmania: Norwegian Knud Geelmuyden Bull (1811–1889), German Eugene von Guérard (1811–1901), and Tasmanian William Charles Piguenit (1836–1914), all of whom were painters of the natural world as place from c.1850 to c.1900.
The research points to the existence of two contemporaneous philosophies of mind—the association of ideas and the Einfühlung hypothesis. The association of ideas has Platonic and Aristotelian roots and found ardent supporters after being rediscovered by John Locke (1632–1704). Its efficacy was then debated in the British schools of philosophy during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. Notable in those debates are the Essays on the Nature and Principles of Taste (1790) by the Reverend Archibald Alison (1757–1839). They synthesise much of his thinking about associationist philosophy, including the idea that the arousal of simple emotions could be recognised by the characteristics that objects exhibit and by simple emotions distilled from sequences of associations emerging from engagements with nature. In turn, the Einfühlung hypothesis was suggested by Giambattista Vico (1668–1774) and elaborated upon by Johan Gottfried von Herder (1744–1803). It emerged close to when Alison’s book was published in London. Developed from Herder’s ideas about sich einfühlen—or feeling oneself into—and poorly translated in the early twentieth century as empathy, it remains a way to understand phenomena via sensation and memory.
My work reveals that the association of ideas and the Einfühlung hypothesis require both artists and beholders to draw on what might be conceived of as complex mental and visual encyclopedias and/or dictionaries that employ mnemonics and that function as powerful psychological processes shaping how we understand the world and our place in it. From both philosophies, I have developed a heuristic device that I term enfelt association, which provides a new methodological framework to examine how mnemonics work in the mental processes inherent in executing and beholding landscape paintings. I focus on the formal qualities of landscape painting—line, shape, tone, texture, pattern, colour, and composition—and on the sensorial stimuli and psychological perceptions first signified by landscape painters as tone and
mood/atmosphere (hereafter, also described as Stimmung) and subsequently experienced intuitively and emotionally by beholders.
Enfelt association has been deployed throughout the work to explore and explain pan-European understandings about relationships between and among nature, science, metaphysics, and religion that come to light in written records of personal ideologies expounded by leading thinkers. In the process, evidence is presented to show how philosophies of mind developed and were accepted as being truthful and meaningful explanations of reality. I have found most such evidence in landscape paintings themselves, as well as in catalogues of art exhibitions, contemporaneous newspapers, journals of arts and sciences, books in public and private libraries, lectures at mechanics institutes and schools, and letters in and across Europe, and, of course, in Van Diemen’s Land/Tasmania. Examination of the evidence has enabled me to establish that landscape painting in this latter place was influenced by the philosophical and aesthetic dispositions of leading thinkers who were also travellers, artists, and naturalists. Four in particular concern me, and their contributions are woven through discussions pertaining to Bull, Guérard, and Piguenit. They are Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (1749–1832), Alexander von Humboldt (1769–1859), John Ruskin (1819–1900), and Charles Darwin (1809–1882). But works produced in the antipodes also “spoke back” to the metropole in unique ways and I suggest that enfelt association is one explanatory framework by which to understand that.
Both analysis of documents and images and the application of enfelt association methodologies to works by Bull, Guérard, and Piguenit thus suggest that the artists’ geographic locations, backgrounds, upbringing, schooling, training, and personal and professional relationships shaped a zeitgeist or genius loci that informed their work. Those labours lead to an idea, transposed to Van Diemen’s Land/Tasmania, that the European traditions of form in landscape painting presage unique renditions of nature and place that deeply resonated aesthetically and mentally with colonial beholders. Here, in Ruskin’s terms were creations of Almighty God, or, as Friedrich Schelling (1775–1854) would suggest, the World Soul, or, in Carl Gustav Carus’s (1789–1869) estimation, earth-life painting. These ideas of the natural world transmuted via images trigger an in-depth and sustained discussion about how science and philosophy, evolution and creation, or poesis and rationality are argued from different positions and mindsets. The aim of such work is to show in new ways how origination theories affect the production and reception of landscape paintings.
Ultimately, the thesis contributes a new interpretation of what landscape painting is, considered from the psychologically driven actions of a creator engaging in an interlocution with a beholder. This is not a history that references stylistic production or interpretations, and it considers no affiliations with national ideologies. Rather, it a sustained consideration of the mental processes that generate enfeeling and associations between artists, beholders, and the natural world they represent and belong to.
By working with contemporaneous philosophies of mind and closely examining source documents and images I have sought to work outside current narratives of ‘Australian’ art history, give agency to other ways of thinking about and with these images, and consider their effects in new light. This intercession supports ideas of making and meaning from a pan-European perspective. It brings to Australia and specifically, to Van Diemen’s Land/Tasmania processes of enfeeling and association with which to engage with artistic traditions and their aesthetic resonances. It also produces a resurrected aesthetic by which one can recognise how a poesis of nature and place might lead to an empathetic concord with the world that sustains us.
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Foley, Terence. "Barriers to foreign ideas a case study of technology transfer in the Peoples Republic of China, 1981-1986 /." 2001. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/51972548.html.
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Copeland, Angelina M. "The interaction of goal and temporal shifts in situation models." 2006. http://etd.nd.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-07182006-204329/.
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"Imagination in Sino-Western comparative perspectives." Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1992. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5887016.
Full textAbstract:
by Agnes Kwok Wai-fong.Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1992.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves [109]-[115]).
Acknowledgement --- p.1-2
Abstract --- p.3
Preface --- p.4-7
Chapter Chapter 1 --- The Development of Imagination from the Medievals to The Romantics --- p.8-32
Chapter Chapter 2: --- The Chinese Concept of Shen and Liu Xie's Shen-si --- p.33-58
Chapter Chapter 3: --- Image-forming and Imagination in Sino-Western Perspectives --- p.59-87
Chapter Chapter 4: --- Different Functions of Imagination in Comprehending Nature China and the West --- p.88-108
Works Cited
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Hanzal, Tomáš. "Podobnost, obraznost a slast." Master's thesis, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-384163.
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This thesis deals with David Hume's conception of resemblance, chiefly in the context of his theory of association of ideas. There, resemblance has a great theoretical significance for explanation of, besides other things, general ideas (or concepts). With connection to them the principal problem dealt with in this thesis shows itself best: If we interpret resemblance as sharing of properties, then by using it in explanation of concepts (that means properties as well) we are begging the question. One of the claims of this thesis is that Hume understands resemblance neither solely, nor primarily as sharing of properties but he regards it as a primitive relation, whose place is mainly in the imagination. It is therefore "perceived" resemblance. Hume's theory of association consequently presupposes "form" of the given, one aspect of which is resemblance (or similarity) in the abstract which is a "condition of possibility" of perceived resemblances. Particular resemblances fill this form with various content, which means that resemblance is in this sense relative (different individuals can perceive the resemblance between the same things differently). It appears that Hume's conception of resemblance is, according to this interpretation, basically in agreement with Nelson Goodman's conception of similarity, in...
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Procházka, Karel. "Evropská unie a přijetí Stabilizační a asociační dohody s Kosovem: role materiálních zájmů a sdílených idejí." Master's thesis, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-384841.
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The thesis seeks to examine the underlying motivations behind the conclusion of the Stability and Association Agreement between European Union and Kosovo on the 27th of October 2015. To determine the role of material interests and shared ideas in the process of concluding the SAA the thesis discusses and applies rationalism and constructivism, both grand theories of international relations. To test the theories and their respective hypotheses identifying the role of the relevant concepts, the research employs a single case study method, using a congruence analysis approach. In conclusion, through the rationalist lens within the perspective of the EU, the thesis confirms the existence of material interest in the conclusion of the SAA, representing security, power and economic gains. To complement the analysis via a constructivist lens within the perspective of Kosovo, the thesis solely implies a limited role of identity and norms while it points out that such constructivist concepts rather impeded the reaching of the SAA, veiling the actual role of material interest.
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Chung, Yu-Ju, and 鍾育茹. "On Prime Ideals of Certain Lie Subalgebras of Associative Algebras." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/44780194099987153721.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立成功大學
數學系應用數學碩博士班
91
Given a ring R with 2R=R, R^2 neq 0 and U is a Lie ideal of R. In this thesis, we give a characterization of prime ideals in the Lie ring U. Namely, we prove that if W is proper Lie ideal of U, then W is a prime ideal of U if and only if there exists a prime ideal P of R such that P cap U subseteq W and (W+P)/P=Z((U+P)/P).
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Bell, Jennifer. "Skill at work : ideas about skill and their impact on occupational associations in Australia, c.1879-1920." Phd thesis, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/130580.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis attempts to relate the behaviour and
policy of occupational associations to skill, skill
hierarchies, and ideas about skill through historical
analyses of two organisations, the Victorian Operative
Bootmakers' Union and the Victorian Institute of Engineers.
It is broadly set within the framework of rational choice
theory.
Consideration of previous literature on the nature and
existence of workforce skill led to the conclusion that a
study of the relationship between ideas about skill and
behaviour would be more fruitful than a study of skill
itself. An analysis of the history of apprenticeship is
provided as a context for the constraints within which such
ideas were formed, as well as for its usefulness in
illustrating the fact that definitions of skill alter and
are subject to constant redefinition and battles for
control.
The Victorian Operative Bootmakers' Union (VOBU) was
formed in 1879, when factory production was taking over the
old craft of bootmaking. Its members sought to promote a
policy whereby the journeyman bootmaker's independence, his
reward for skill, could be exercised within the new
constraints of factory production. Independence came to be
seen as hinging on the maintenance of piecework, a relic of
the pre-factory days; and union policy on outwork,
apprenticeship, and eligibility for membership was directed
to maintaining that independence. The battle to maintain
piecework had taken the VOBU from the Wages Boards to the
Commonwealth Conciliation and Arbitration Court, where the drive to protect independence came to rely on the provision
of fair wage rates and compulsory apprenticeship. The
federal union formed to take the case to the Conciliation
and Arbitration Court went on to become a strong and
powerful organisation, which is still in existence today.
The Victorian Institute of Engineers (VIE) was formed
in 1883, primiarily by mechanical engineers. It later
became a general association catering for all but mining
engineers. Mechanical engineering was a new occupation
which drew its traditions and its personnel from the
different fields of the mechanic/millwright and the civil
engineer. These mixed origins, and the lack of firmly
identifiable traditions, led to confusion about the status
and identity of mechanical engineers. This confusion was
reflected in VIE policy on the education and training of
mechanical engineers, and reached a crisis when an
explicitly professional engineering body was formed in
1920. The main factor in VIE policy had been a belief in
the importance of practical skill for mechanical engineers,
but in other respects they were torn between the two ideals
of skilled craftsmanship and professionalism. Eventually
their rejection of official professionalism led to a split
in the Institute, with the mechanical engineers clinging to
a dying organisation while the civil engineers formed the
basis of the successful Institution of Engineers,
Australia.
I argue that the policies and behaviour of both these
very different organisations are explicable if we look at
their members' ideas about skill, and the way they acquired those ideas.