Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Assisted Reproductive Technology'
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Morgan, Jonathan J. "State Regulation of Assisted Reproductive Technology." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2010. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/2206.
Full textPangestu, Mulyoto 1963. "Drying biological material for use in assisted reproductive technology." Monash University, Institute of Reproduction and Development, 2002. http://arrow.monash.edu.au/hdl/1959.1/7879.
Full textChang, Jeani. "Relationship Between Assisted Reproductive Technology and Risk of Stillbirth." ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/4508.
Full textBatty, Lynne Patricia. "Assisted Reproductive Technology: The Aotearoa/New Zealand Policy Context: A thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Sociology in the University of Canterbury." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Sociology, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/912.
Full textMcComiskey, Mark Henry. "Unrecognised healthcare consequences of children born following assisted reproductive technology." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.675460.
Full textEllender, Stacey. "Assisted reproduction defining and evaluating the multiple outcomes of technologically advanced interventions /." online access from Digital Dissertation Consortium, 2005. http://libweb.cityu.edu.hk/cgi-bin/er/db/ddcdiss.pl?3193097.
Full textWilson, Poe Emma. "Vitrification of day 5/6 human morulas/blastocysts: A 10 year retrospective study in a private assisted reproductive techniques [ART] clinic." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/96876.
Full textENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study was designed to retrospectively evaluate the established embryo vitrification/warming programme currently implemented at Drs Aevitas Institute for Reproductive Medicine and to look at factors that might play a role in optimizing the pregnancy outcomes thereof. Vitrification is the achievement of a “state of suspended animation” wherein molecular translational motions are arrested without structural reorganization of the liquid. In embryo vitrification it involves placement of the embryo in a very small volume of vitrification medium that must be cooled at extremely high cooling rates. The vitrification medium contains cryoprotectants to prevent any cryoinjury from occurring to the embryo. This process was initially proposed to effectively manage supernumerary embryos, but it has also provided a viable method of reducing costs for additional embryo transfers as well as the reduction of the incidence of multiple births. Patients who are at risk of ovarian hyper stimulation syndrome (OHSS) can also have all of their embryos vitrified in advance to reduce the likelihood of adverse clinical symptoms if a pregnancy is established. Throughout the period in which vitrification has been in practice, there have been advances in technology as well as continual research being conducted to establish whether newly suggested techniques do, in fact, optimize the outcomes of vitrification. Focus has subsequently been applied to the carrier device used for vitrification, the day on which the embryos are vitrified and stored, as well as the number of embryos transferred in each respective cycle, all to ensure the most favourable outcome. This retrospective study confirmed the use of the Cryotop® as the most viable carrier device for successful survival and pregnancy outcomes. Transfer of day 5 vitrified embryos resulted in significantly higher pregnancy rates compared to day 6 vitrified embryos. Results also indicated that the number of embryos transferred does indeed have a significant effect on the pregnancy outcome and consequently we can possibly argue against the implementation of single embryo transfer in the vitrification programme. Investigation into the effect of female age, specifically oocyte age, on each of these categories indicated that reduced age can be associated with optimal outcomes; however this could not be proven statistically in this cohort of patients. To further look at optimization of the vitrification/warming programme, a Literature Survey was conducted to ascertain the results after Assisted Hatching in frozen/warmed human embryos. Assisted Hatching has been proposed as a solution to Zona Pellucida hardening, which has been found to occur during vitrification. The need for further studies and a meta-analysis of the literature is confidently proposed, as well as a Prospective Study to evaluate the effect of Laser Assisted Hatching in the human blastocyst vitrification/warming programme at Drs Aevitas Institute for Reproductive Medicine.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie studie is ontwerp om die gevestigde embrio vitrifikasie/ontdooi program by Drs Aevitas Instituut vir Reproduktiewe Medisyne, retrospektief te evalueer en die faktore te optimaliseer wat swangerskap uitkomste kan beïnvloed. Vitrifikasie is die proses waardeur die molekulere aktiwiteit binne die embrio in ‘n staat van arres gehou word sonder om die strukture binne die sitplasma te versteur. Dit behels die plasing van ʼn embrio in 'n klein hoeveelheid vitrifikasie medium wat teen 'n hoë tempo afgekoel word. Die vitrifikasie medium bevat kriobeskermmiddels wat die embrio tydens die vitrifikasie proses teen moontlike skade beskerm. Hierdie proses is aanvanklik voorgestel om oortollige embrio’s doeltreffend te bestuur. Dit bied ʼn koste effektiewe metode vir embrio terugplasing, en verlaag die insidensie van veelvoudige swangerskap. Vitrifikasie bied pasiënte met ʼn hoë risiko vir ovariale hiperstimulasiesindroom (OHSS) ‘n alternatief om nadelige kliniese simptome te vermy indien ʼn swangerskap bereik word. Tegnologiese vordering en voortdurende navorsing ondersoek voortdurend nuwe tegnieke vitrifikasie uitkomste te optimaliseer. Fokus word geplaas op die draertoestel wat gebruik word vir vitrifikasie, die dag waarop die embrio's gevitrifiseer en gestoor word, sowel as die aantal embrio’s wat met elke vitrifikasie siklus teruggeplaas word. Hierdie retrospektiewe studie het bevestig dat die gebruik van die Cryotop® die mees suksesvolle toestel vir oorlewing en swangerskap uitkomste is. Die terugplasing van dag 5 gevitrifiseerde embrios het beduidende hoër swangerskapsyfers as dag 6 embrios tot gevolg gehad. Die resultate het ook aangedui dat die aantal embrio's wat teruggeplaas word 'n beduidende uitwerking op die swangerskapsyfer het. Daar kan dus moontlik teen die implementering van 'n enkel embrio-terugplasing neiging in die vitrifikasie program geargumenteer word. Resultate het ook getoon dat optimale uitkomste verwant is aan ʼn laer oösiet ouderdom, alhoewel dit nie in die groep pasiente statisties bewys kon word nie. 'n Literatuurstudie oor AH (Assisted Hatching) op gevitrifiseerde/ontdooide menslike embrio’s is uitgevoer om die vitrifikasie/ontdooi program verder te optimaliseer. AH bied ‘n oplossing vir Zona pellucida verharding, wat tydens vitrifikasie plaasvind. Verdere studies, 'n meta-analise van die literatuur, sowel as 'n prospektiewe studie om die effek van laser AH in gevitrifiseerde/ontdooide menslike blastosiste by Drs Aevitas Instituut vir reproduktiewe medisyne te evalueer, word voorgestel.
Hoogendijk, Christiaan F. (Christiaan Frederik). "Sperm DNA fragmentation : implications in assisted reproductive technologies." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/21626.
Full textENGLISH ABSTRACT: Male fertility has for many years been defined in vitro as the ability of sperm to fertilize oocytes and to obtain early cleavage-stage embryos. Spermatozoa comprise of an extraordinary high percentage of polyunsaturated fatty acids in their plasma membrane. Due to an extremely low content of cytoplasm, sperm cells have a particularly low potential to scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS), and are therefore highly sensitive to oxidative processes, which lead to sperm nucleus DNA damage/fragmentation. Normally, DNA fragmentation occurs in every ejaculate and can be induced by an excessive ROS production of active leukocytes or the spermatozoa themselves. Under distressed conditions, DNA fragmentation may also occur in the testis as a result of oxidative processes in the apoptotic cascade. These DNA fragmentations can be regarded as late signs of programmed cell death (apoptosis). Clinically, DNA fragmentation in spermatozoa results in significantly decreased implantation and pregnancy rates especially in patients with oligo- and/or teratozoospermia. The p-pattern normal sperm morphology has been shown to give poorer fertilization rates in vitro than the g- and n-patterns. In this study there is reported on the significant correlation found between the p-pattern normal sperm morphology and sperm DNA fragmentation as measured with the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUDP-biotin end labeling (TUNEL) assay. This finding further explains the lower fertility potential of patients presenting with p-pattern normal sperm morphology. In addition, this study explores the intricate relations between ROS in the semen, DNA fragmentation of the spermatozoa, as measured with the TUNEL assay and the sperm chromatin structure assay (SCSA ), spermatozoa apoptotic status and sperm parameters as measured with a standard semen analysis. Positive correlations were found between ROS and the apoptotic status of the sperm, as well as between sperm with non-fragmented DNA and sperm concentration and percentage motility. The results emphasize the importance of sperm selection especially when the treatment of choice is intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). An early sign of programmed cell death, also known as apoptosis, is the externalization of phosphatidylserine (PS) from the inner membrane leaflet to the outer leaflet. PS shows a high affinity to Annexin V. Apoptotic spermatozoa are able to fertilize oocytes, but embryo senescence may occur at the time when the paternal genes are activated. In this study there is reported on a novel method whereby spermatozoa can be separated on the basis of their apoptotic status through flow cytometry. Results showed that the normal sperm morphology, according to strict criteria, of the resultant nonapoptotic sperm fraction is significantly higher than that of the apoptotic counterpart. With refinement of this technique, it will be possible in future to use these separated non-apoptotic sperm cells during ICSI for fertilization. From the above it is apparent that the spermatozoon has to play a vital role in the development of the embryo from fertilization to implantation and pregnancy. It is, however, important to note that besides the gametes, there are other critical factors which contribute to a successful in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycle, among these are the in vitro culture conditions. In this regard, this study compared two sequential embryo culture systems. It was found that the more complex medium resulted in better day three embryo quality and a better blastocyst formation rate and pregnancy rate. These findings highlight the importance of a holistic perspective towards the complexity of the factors involved in affecting embryo quality and pregnancy outcome.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Manlike fertiliteit is vir baie jare gedefinieer as die in vitro vermoë van ‘n spermsel om ‘n eiersel te bevrug om sodoende embrios te verkry. Die spermsel se plasmamembraan bestaan uit ‘n hoë persentasie poli-onversadigde vetsure. As gevolg van die klein hoeveelhede sitoplasma van die spermsel het dit ‘n beperkte weerstand teen reaktiewe suurstof spesies (ROS) en is gevolglik baie sensitief vir oksidasie. Oksidasie lei tot DNS skade/fragmentasie. DNS fragmentasie kom in spermselle van alle ejakulate voor en is gewoonlik die gevolg van ROS produksie deur die leukosiete in die semen of vanaf die spermselle self. Onder sekere omstandighede kan DNS fragmentasie ook voorkom in die testis waar dit deel vorm van apoptose. Hierdie tipe DNS skade word gesien as laat tekens van geprogrammeerde seldood (apoptose). In oligo- en/of teratozoospermiese mans lei DNS fragmentasie tot verlaagde implantasie- en swangerskapssyfers. Die p-patroon normale sperm morfologie groep gee laer in vitro bevrugting en swangerskapsyfers as die g- en n-patrone. In hierdie studie doen ons verslag oor die statisties betekenisvolle korrelasie wat gevind is tussen die p-patroon normale sperm morfologie en DNS fragmentasie soos gemeet met die ‘terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUDP-biotin end labeling’ of te wel TUNEL toets. Hierdie bevinding is ‘n verdere verklaring vir die laer fertiliteits potensiaal van pasiënte wat voordoen met p-patroon sperm morfologie. ‘n Verdere doel van die studie was om die moontlike verband tussen ROS in die semen, spermatozoa DNS fragmentasie, apoptotiese status van die sperms en die motiliteits parameters van die spermatozoa te bepaal. ‘n Positiewe korrelasie is gevind tussen ROS en sperm apoptotiese status. Sperms met ongeframenteerde DNS is ook positief gekorreleer met sperm konsentrasie en motiliteit. Die resultate beklemtoon die belangrikheid van spermseleksie veral in pasiënte waar die keuse van behandeling intrasitoplasmiese sperm inspuiting (ICSI) is. ‘n Vroeë teken van apoptose is die eksternalisering van ‘phosphatidylserine’ (PS) vanaf die interne oppervlakte van die plasmamembraan na die eksterne oppervlak. PS het ‘n hoë affiniteit vir Annexin V. Apoptotiese sperms het die vermoë om ‘n oösiet te bevrug, maar kan lei tot die staking van embrio deling wanneer die vaderlike gene ‘n rol begin speel in embrio ontwikkeling. In hierdie studie het ons ‘n nuwe metode ontwikkel waarvolgens die spermatozoa in die ejakulaat op grond van hul apoptotiese status geskei kan word in apoptotiese en nie-apoptotiese fraksies. Die normale sperm morfologie van die nie-apoptotiese fraksie is betekenisvol beter as dié van die apoptotiese fraksie. Verdere verfyning van die tegniek kan daartoe lei dat dit in die toekoms toegepas kan word om vir nie-apoptotiese sperms te selekteer veral voor die uitvoering van ICSI. Uit die bogenoemde is dit duidelik dat die spermsel ‘n baie belangrike rol in die ontwikkeling van ‘n embrio, vanaf bevrugting tot implantasie en swangerskap, speel. Dit is egter ook belangrik om in gedagte te hou dat daar ander bydraende faktore tot ‘n suksesvolle in vitro swangerskap is, soos laboratorium toestande en embrio kultuursisteem. Om hierdie rede is daar ook twee kultuurmedia in hierdie studie vergelyk. Daar is bevind dat die meer komplekse medium beter kwaliteit embrios op dag drie lewer, asook meer blastosiste en ‘n hoër swangerskapsyfer. Dit is dus duidelik dat dit uiters belangrik is om ‘n holistiese perspektief te hê op die komplekse faktore wat ‘n invloed mag hê op bevrugting, embrio kwaliteit asook die swangerskapsyfer.
Smith, Heather K. "The impact of framing on policy passage: the case of assisted reproductive technology." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/42774.
Full textGoldsmith, Shona. "Population studies of assisted reproductive technology and congenital anomalies in cerebral palsy." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/21909.
Full textEvbuomwan, I. O. "Osmoregulation in ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS)." Thesis, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.246609.
Full textSengupta, Anindita. "The Desired Baby: Assisted Reproductive Technology, Secrecy, and a Cultural Account of Family Building in India." The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1483451149153858.
Full textGibson, Andrew Robert. "The impact of the child welfare principle on access to assisted reproductive technology." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2015. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/6716/.
Full textWong, Yim-kuk Aileen. "Stress and coping for women from infertility to assisted reproductive treatments /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2000. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B22331529.
Full textDavidson, Lien M. "Infra-red laser applications in the reproductive sciences : improving safety for assisted reproductive technology and developing novel research tools." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2017. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:7472f917-7bf2-4a5d-81e1-16b179cfd0f6.
Full textSantos, Gomes Barbara Micaela. "Development of novel tools for assisted reproductive technologies based on electrically switchable surfaces." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2018. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/8690/.
Full textMorris, Akilah. "KNOWLEDGE, INTENTIONS, AND BELIEFS ABOUT FERTILITY AND ASSISTED REPRODUCTIVE TECHNOLOGY AMONG ILLINOIS COLLEGE STUDENTS." OpenSIUC, 2018. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/1595.
Full textYelumalai, Suseela. "Potential effects of assisted reproductive technology upon the abundance and localisation of two vital sperm proteins." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:be57f123-c6dc-4cc8-ae53-1f32716cc1e5.
Full textBailey, Vicki E. "Ethical considerations for Christian couples facing infertility and weighing the possibilities offered by assisted reproductive technology." Online full text .pdf document, available to Fuller patrons only, 1999. http://www.tren.com.
Full textDooley, Brigitte A. "ATTITUDES TOWARD ASSISTED REPRODUCTIVE TECHNOLOGY: THE EFFECTS OF GENDER, RELATIONSHIP STATUS, AGE, AND SEXUAL ORIENTATION." UKnowledge, 2014. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/hes_etds/11.
Full textBoshoff, Gerhardus Marthinus. "Investigating a novel in vitro embryo culture system – The Walking Egg Affordable Assisted Reproductive Technology." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/63049.
Full textDissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2017.
Obstetrics and Gynaecology
MSc
Unrestricted
Li, Zhuoyang. "Fertility and pregnancy outcomes following fresh versus frozen-thawed embryo transfer in assisted reproductive technology." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/20330.
Full textWong, Yim-kuk Aileen, and 黃艷菊. "Stress and coping for women from infertility to assisted reproductive treatments." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2000. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31250907.
Full textPeters, Kathleen, and k. peters@uws edu au. "Misguided hope: a narrative analysis of couples' stories of childlessness despite treatment with assisted reproductive technology." Flinders University. School of Nursing and Midwifery, 2006. http://catalogue.flinders.edu.au./local/adt/public/adt-SFU20061011.123633.
Full textSakian, Sina. "Investigation of methylation and gene expression in placenta of pregnancies conceived by assisted reproductive technology (ART)." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/31191.
Full textHerbert, Danielle. "Fertility and infertility : studies in reproductive epidemiology in Australia." Thesis, The University of Queensland, 2011. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:227862.
Full textBrodin, Thomas. "Ovarian Reserve and Assisted Reproduction." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Obstetrik & gynekologi, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-192998.
Full textValenzuela, Alcaraz Brenda I. "Cardiovascular assessment in fetuses and children conceived by assisted reproductive technologies." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/401805.
Full textINTRODUCCION: Aproximadamente, 5 millones de niños han nacido en el mundo gracias al uso de las tecnicas de reproduccion asistida (TRA). La mayoría de éstos niños son sanos al nacer; pero diversos estudios mencionan la presencia de peores resultados perinatales en esta población; los cuáles podrían tener consecuencias a largo plazo de acuerdo con la teoría de la programación fetal. Estas técnicas son relativamente nuevas, por lo que sus efectos en la vida adulta aún son desconocidos. La hipótesis principal de ésta tesis es que los fetos concebidos mediante TRA, presentan peores resultados perinatales que aquellos concebidos de manera espontánea (CE), junto con la presencia de cambios cardíacos morfológicos y funcionales que persisten de manera postnatal y que condicionaría un incremento del riesgo cardiovascular en la vida adulta. METODOS: Se llevó a cabo la evaluación cardiovascular morfológica y funcional de fetos únicos y gemelares concebidos por TRA comparados con fetos CE; junto con la presencia de resultados perinatales adversos. Se realiza un seguimiento y evaluación cardiovascular de dichas cohortes hasta la infancia. RESULTADOS: Los fetos TRA presentaron cambios al comparlos con los CE: aurículas más grandes, ventrículos más cortos junto con un menor índice de esfericidad así como paredes engrosadas. presentaron función sistólica disminuída de acuerdo con las mediciones de Doppler tisular y modo-M; también signos de disfunción diastólica demostrado por IRT alargados y disminución del tiempo de deceleración de la onda E. Todos estos cambios fueron independientes de la presencia de fetos pequeños para la edad gestacional (PEG), ya que dichos grupos presentaron fenotipos cardiacos diferentes. En la infancia, los niños TRA mostraron persistencia de dichos cambios cardíacos morfológicos y funcionales subclínicos, junto con remodelado vascular (presion arterial más alta y paredes engrosadas de la intima media de las carótidas). CONCLUSIONES: Las mujeres infértiles presentan resultados perinatales adversos independiente de el método de TRA usado. Los fetos concebidos mediante TRA presentan remodelado cardiovascular el cuál persiste postnatalmente en la infancia. Dichos cambios fueron independientes de la presencia de PEG. Estos hallazgos deben ser tomados en cuentra en futuros estudios del incremento de riesgo cardiovascular en la vida adulta de ésta población.
Salah, Wed Mohammed K. "Impact of Assisted Reproductive Technology on the Expression of Epigenetic Marker Histone 3 Lysine 9 in Zygotes." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2022. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/29256.
Full textKruger, Theunis Frans. "The role of sperm morphology in assisted reproduction (ART)." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/71682.
Full textWunderlin, Beverly J. "The Regulation of Medically Assisted Procreation in Europe and Related Nations and the Influence of National Identity, Social Cultural, and Demographic Differences." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2002. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc3192/.
Full textCornet, Bartolomé David. "Molecular determinants of human oocyte quality in assisted reproduction." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/667566.
Full textLa competencia de desarrollo ovocitaria se define como la capacidad del ovocito para mantener el desarrollo embrionario hasta que el embrión activa su propio genoma. Está determinada por los transcritos (ARN codificantes y no codificantes) acumulados durante la maduración de los ovocitos. La falta de transcripción durante la maduración final de los ovocitos sugiere que la regulación de los genes involucrados en este proceso ocurre a nivel postranscripcional. Entre los posibles mecanismos, el “splicing alternativo” del ARN mensajero, podría estar involucrado. El objetivo principal de esta tesis es explorar nuevas posibilidades para la identificación de biomarcadores de calidad de ovocitos a nivel molecular con el fin de comprender mejor el ovocito y cómo se puede mejorar su competencia de desarrollo. Además, para identificar biomarcadores no invasivos de la competencia de desarrollo de ovocitos, se ha evaluado la expresión de diferentes marcadores de envejecimiento somático en células de cúmulos humanos que rodean los ovocitos, y se ha correlacionado con la edad y la reserva ovárica de las mujeres y con las tasas de maduración de los ovocitos. Finalmente, debido a que muchos de los ovocitos utilizados estaban vitrificados, se ha analizado el efecto de la vitrificación sobre la competencia de desarrollo de los ovocitos comparando los resultados reproductivos de ovocitos frescos y vitrificados del mismo ciclo de estimulación. Los resultados sugieren que los ARNs no codificantes y el splicing alternativo representan un papel importante en el proceso de adquisición de la competencia de desarrollo en ovocitos humanos. Estos resultados pueden proporcionar información valiosa para la búsqueda de marcadores de calidad de ovocitos y para la (re)-interpretación de conjuntos de datos existentes. El estudio de la expresión de marcadores de envejecimiento somático en células de cúmulos humanos no ha mostrado una clara correlación entre los genes analizados y la edad, lo que sugiere que las células del cúmulo de mujeres de edad reproductiva avanzada no presentan el transcriptoma típico de los tejidos envejecidos. Finalmente, este estudio ha demostrado que la vitrificación de ovocitos mantiene per se el potencial de desarrollo de los ovocitos humanos dentro de un rango biológico razonable, clínicamente comparable a los ovocitos frescos.
Senaya, Charles M. "Outcome of assisted reproductive technology in women with poor ovarian response undergoing infertility treatment in the reproductive medicine unit of Groote Schuur hospital: a five-year review." Master's thesis, Faculty of Health Sciences, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/34032.
Full textSchwarz, Lukas [Verfasser], Oliver G. [Akademischer Betreuer] Schmidt, Oliver G. [Gutachter] Schmidt, and Benjamin [Gutachter] Friedrich. "Magnetic Micromotors in Assisted Reproductive Technology / Lukas Schwarz ; Gutachter: Oliver G. Schmidt, Benjamin Friedrich ; Betreuer: Oliver G. Schmidt." Chemnitz : Technische Universität Chemnitz, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1220943169/34.
Full textNuojua-Huttunen, S. (Sinikka). "Intrauterine insemination (IUI) treatment in subfertility." Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 1999. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9514251717.
Full textSouza, Camila Vitule Brito de. "Casais de mesmo sexo, parentalidade e novas tecnologias reprodutivas." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5137/tde-14112014-154413/.
Full textFamily\'s traditional configuration, composed by the nuclear family (father/man, mother/woman and children) has been passing through evident transmutations during the last decades. In Brazil, the fight for social and legal standardizations of same-sex marriage has been occurring and the experience of parenthood has become part of the fight of same-sex couples. In this sense, homoparental families begin to be effectively formed. New Reproductive Technologies (NRT), as adoption, make part of the resources that these couples have been using to fulfill their dream of parenthood. NRT are a medical consumer product, which unlinking sex and reproduction make reproduction a matter of choice, enabling different parenthood arrangements through purchase of technological intervention. In this context, the study focused the same-sex couples conceptions about the use of NRT in their parenthood´s project effectiveness. The qualitative study was developed with same-sex couples, both men and women, who had plans to have children or have already had them. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 26 respondents, composed by 12 couples and two subjects, resident in the metropolitan area of São Paulo, Brazil, between 2011 and 2012. The results point out the preponderance of biological bond in female couples speeches and that there is a tendency of such couples to use/want to use NRT, mainly ROPA (Reception of Oocytes from Partner). Male couples, even when they show the desire to have a genetically related child, choose adoption, among other reasons, for the fear of the bond that may be established through pregnancy between the surrogate mother and the child. The analysis produced from empirical data contributes to the debate about the relationship between homoparental families and the use of medical technologies, once it discusses how NRT incorporate fundamental changes in occidental contemporary kinship and how medicine and society walk together building new meanings to parenthood in a process that nature and culture encroach up, turning increasingly difficult and counter-productive to separate them
Dedrick, Elizabeth A. "The politics of being an egg "donor" and shifting notions of reproductive freedom." [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2004. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/SFE0000286.
Full textCouture, Vincent. "Les vases communicants : une ethnographie des services reproductifs transfrontaliers au Canada." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/11862.
Full textAbstract : Cross-border reproductive care (CBRC) refers to the movement from one jurisdiction to another of persons or reproductive material as part of assisted reproductive technology (ART) treatment. This phenomenon has been observed in many countries, but the Canadian globalized ART system (or "reproscape") remains understudied empirically. This lack of data undermines the normative development in terms of ART. The aim of this dissertation is to describe and understand the Canadian reproscape in order to support ethical and legal reflection. To achieve this goal, we conducted a multi-site clinical ethnography combining (1) literature reviews, (2) participant and non-participant observation in two fertility clinics (Quebec and Ontario), a gamete importation and distribution agency and a dozen scientific congresses, (3) as well as semi-directed interviews with 45 actors of CBRC: users, medical professionals and intermediaries. The data were analyzed by inductive qualitative analysis assisted by NVivo 11 software. Three dimensions emerge from our results. (1) Regarding the legal and clinical contexts of ART, Canada is characterized by a local mosaic of laws and regulations that paradoxically influence CBRC. The altruistic obligation established by the Assisted Human Reproduction Act (AHRA) plays a predominant role on the reproscape. (2) In terms of the experience of the main actors, the simplicity of CBRC integrated to the clinic, such as the import of semen or oocytes, contrasts with the complexity of journeys abroad for which users often feel constrained. (3) When asked about their ethical perspectives, the actors mentioned four main positions: (a) the respect for their reproductive autonomy, (b) the individual and (c) social risks of CBRC, including the exploitation of egg donors as well as gestational surrogates, and (d) AHRA inconsistencies in its ability to mitigate these risks. Our conclusion is that the Canadian reproscape is characterized, inter alia, by a situation of "reproductive outsourcing." This concept is characterized by an institutional recognition of CBRC combined with a relocation of moral and medical risks outside national borders. The results of our study underline the inextricable local and global nature of ART and how CBRC works as communicating vessels.
Fasano, Giovanna. "Contribution of vitrification to human assisted reproduction." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209484.
Full textMalgré le fait que la cryopréservation soit une technique très attractive, elle peut avoir des effets délétères sur les cellules. Les protocoles expérimentaux visent donc à minimiser ces effets afin d’augmenter la survie et la compétence cellulaire après décongélation.
Les deux méthodes les plus utilisées, la congélation lente et la vitrification, présentent chacune des avantages et des inconvénients. En effet, la première ne permet pas d’éliminer la cristallisation intracellulaire. Quant à la seconde, elle empêche la formation de cristaux de glace mais pourrait provoquer une toxicité due à la forte concentration des cryoprotecteurs.
Cette thèse de doctorat propose plusieurs objectifs :
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Doctorat en Sciences biomédicales et pharmaceutiques
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Traça, Ana Bárbara Batista de Abel. "Evolução do controlo reprodutivo equino em Portugal e as suas repercussões na produtividade." Bachelor's thesis, Universidade Técnica de Lisboa. Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/2556.
Full textA produção de cavalos destinados ao segmento desportivo sofreu um grande aumento nas últimas décadas. Devido à importância do cavalo na prática de diversos desportos e em actividades de lazer, e não mais apenas no transporte ou tracção animal, é incontestável o crescimento mundial da indústria equina. A espécie equina foi considerada por muito tempo como a de menor fertilidade entre as espécies domésticas, o que foi atribuído a características de selecção e problemas relacionados com o maneio reprodutivo. Contudo, o desenvolvimento de novas técnicas reprodutivas veio possibilitar um maior desenvolvimento do sector através do ganho na eficiência reprodutiva e no melhoramento genético, favorecendo o aperfeiçoamento das raças e dos seus cruzamentos. Em resultado das incessantes pesquisas em biotecnologias aplicadas à reprodução equina, a Inseminação Artificial e a Transferência de Embriões têm-se destacado nas últimas décadas, em Portugal pelo seu avanço científico e aplicação comercial. O objectivo desta dissertação é assim, o de avaliar o impacto que as novas práticas de maneio e a aplicação das novas tecnologias da reprodução assistida tiveram na evolução do controlo reprodutivo equino em Portugal e na produtividade destes animais, discutindo-se as vantagens e desvantagens do seu uso e descrevendo casos acompanhados no decorrer do Estágio. A conclusão mais importante deste estudo é que garanhões e éguas bem geridas podem alcançar altos níveis de desempenhos reprodutivos e, logo, de produtividade, parâmetros decisivos no sucesso económico das explorações.
ABSTRACT - Evolution of equine reproductive control and their impact on productivity - Horse’s breeding for sports segment experienced a large increase in recent decades. Due to the importance of the horse in the practice of various sports and leisure activities, and not just as transport or animal traction, is undeniable the worldwide growth in the equine industry. The equine species was for long time considered to have the lowest fertility among the domestic species, which was attributed to selection and problems related to reproduction management. However, the development of new reproductive techniques is enabling a considerable development of the sector by increasing reproductive efficiency and breeding gains, favoring the improvement of breeds and their crosses. As a result of incessant research in equine reproductive biotechnology, Artificial Insemination (AI) and Embryos Transfer (ET) have emerged in the last decades in Portugal for its scientific and commercial advancement. The objective of this dissertation is to assess the impact that new management practices and application of new assisted reproductive technologies had on the equine reproductive control evolution in Portugal and productivity of these animals. The advantages and disadvantages of its use and some cases followed during the internship are discussed. The most important conclusion of this study is that stallions and mares well managed can achieve high levels of reproductive performance and therefore productivity, critical parameters in the economic success of farms.
Burger, Riana. "Evaluation of spermatozoa DNA tests for an assisted reproductive techniques (ART) program : correlation with semen parameters and ART outcome." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/80343.
Full textENGLISH ABSTRACT: CHAPTER 1 A review of the application of traditional semen parameters for the investigation and diagnosis of male infertility and the role of predictive values in assisted reproductive techniques (ART) is presented. The importance of sperm morphology, with special emphasis on sperm morphology evaluation, is discussed. Also presented is an overview of the physiology of sperm DNA, the process of spermatogenesis, as well as the contribution of the spermatozoon to the embryo. The different causes of sperm DNA damage and techniques to determine DNA damage in spermatozoa are described. A survey is presented of the correlation of sperm DNA with sperm morphology. CHAPTER 2 All the materials and methods applicable to this study are described. Sperm morphology assessment and two different sperm DNA tests, the chromomycin A3 (CMA3) staining test and the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate (dUTP) nick-end labelling (TUNEL) assay, are discussed in detail. CHAPTER 3 Results obtained in this study are presented. Results include the prevalence of abnormal sperm DNA and association with sperm morphology, specifically in the p-pattern and g-pattern morphology groups. Further results include the correlation of sperm morphology and sperm DNA with fertilization in vitro, embryo quality and pregnancy outcome. The percentage CMA3 positive spermatozoa (abnormal DNA) and percentage TUNEL positive spermatozoa (abnormal DNA) had a significant negative association with normal sperm morphology. P-pattern and g-pattern morphology groups differed significantly from each other for both CMA3 and TUNEL. A significant positive association between CMA3 and TUNEL was observed. No association between the percentage normal sperm morphology, percentage CMA3 positive spermatozoa and percentage TUNEL positive spermatozoa and IUI pregnancy outcome was observed. A significant negative association between the percentage TUNEL positive spermatozoa and IVF/ICSI pregnancy outcome was established. The percentage CMA3 positive spermatozoa had a significant positive (unexpected) association with IVF/ICSI pregnancy outcome. There was no association between the three variables and IVF/ICSI fertilization rates. A significant positive association between the percentage normal sperm morphology and IVF/ICSI embryo quality was found. There was a significant positive association between the percentage CMA3 positive spermatozoa and IVF/ICSI embryo quality (unexpected). The percentage TUNEL positive spermatozoa and IVF/ICSI embryo quality was negatively associated. CHAPTER 4 Interpretation of the results and future perspectives are discussed. The CMA3 staining test and TUNEL assay has a limited ability to distinguish between the p-pattern and g-pattern morphology groups. P-pattern spermatozoa are more likely to possess poor chromatin packaging and show increased levels of DNA fragmentation, but some p-pattern patients also may have normal DNA and g-pattern patients abnormal DNA. It is recommended that a sperm DNA test should be implemented routinely in andrology laboratories for the clinical diagnosis of sperm DNA damage in patients.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: HOOFSTUK 1 'n Samevatting wat handel oor die toepassing van tradisionele semen parameters vir die evaluasie en diagnose van manlike infertiliteit, asook die rol van voorspellingswaardes in kunsmatige voortplantingstegnieke word voorgelê. Die belangrikheid van sperm morfologie, met die klem op sperm morfologie evaluering, word ook bespreek. 'n Oorsig van sperm DNS fisiologie, die proses van spermatogenese, sowel as die sperm se bydrae tot die embrio word hier aangebied. Die verskillende oorsake van sperm DNS skade en die tegnieke om sperm DNS skade vas te stel, asook die die korrelasie tussen sperm DNS en sperm morfologie word ook bespreek. HOOFSTUK 2 Alle materiale en metodes wat van toepassing is op hierdie studie word beskryf. Sperm morfologie evaluering en twee verskillende sperm DNS toetse, die chromomycin A3 (CMA3) kleuringstoets en die “terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate (dUTP) nick-end labelling (TUNEL)" toets, word ook in meer besonderhede aangebied. HOOFSTUK 3 Resultate wat verkry is tydens hierdie studie word hier uiteengesit. Resultate behels die voorkomsyfer van abnormale DNS en die assosiasie met sperm morfologie, spesifiek in die p-patroon en g-patroon. Verdere resultate sluit die korrelasie van sperm morfologie en sperm DNS met bevrugting in vitro, embriokwaliteit en swangerskap uitkomste in. Die persentasie CMA3 positiewe sperme (abnormale DNS) en persentasie TUNEL positiewe sperme (abnormale DNS) het 'n betekenisvolle negatiewe assosiasie met normale sperm morfologie getoon. P-patroon en g-patroon morfologie groepe het betekenisvol van mekaar verskil vir beide CMA3 en TUNEL. 'n Betekenisvolle positiewe assosiasie is tussen CMA3 en TUNEL waargeneem. Geen assosiasie is tussen die persentasie normale sperm morfologie, persentasie CMA3 positiewe sperme en persentasie TUNEL positiewe sperme en IUI swangerskap uitkomste waargeneem nie. 'n Betekenisvolle negatiewe assosiasie is tussen die persentasie TUNEL positiewe sperme en IVB/ICSI swangerskap uitkomste vasgestel. Die persentasie CMA3 positiewe sperme het 'n betekenisvolle positiewe (onverwags) assosiasie met IVB/ICSI swangeskap uitkomste opgewys. Daar was geen assosiasie tussen die drie veranderlikes en IVB/ICSI bevrugting nie. 'n Betekenisvolle positiewe assosiasie is tussen die persentasie normale sperm morfologie en IVB/ICSI embryo kwaliteit waargeneem. Daar was 'n betekenisvolle positiewe assosiasie tussen die persentasie CMA3 positiewe sperme en IVB/ICSI embrio kwaliteit (onverwags). Die persentasie TUNEL positiewe sperme het 'n negatiewe assosiasie met IVB/ICSI embrio kwaliteit getoon. HOOFSTUK 4 Interpretasie van die resultate en toekomstige vooruitsigte is bespreek. Die CMA3 kleuringstoets en TUNEL toets het 'n beperkte vermoë om tussen die p-patroon en g-patroon morfologie groepe te onderskei. P-patroon spermatozoa sal heel waarskynlik oor swakker chromatien verpakking en meer DNS fragmentasie beskik. Sommige p-patroon pasiënte mag egter normale DNS toon, terwyl g-patroon pasiënte abnormale DNS het. Die implementering van 'n sperm DNS toets in andrologie laboratoriums, vir die kliniese diagnose van sperm DNS skade in pasiënte, word aanbeveel.
Kirsch, Juliane Katharina [Verfasser]. "Bedeutung von AMH in Follikelflüssigkeit und Serum bei Behandlung von Patientinnen im Rahmen eines ART-Programmes (Assisted Reproductive Technology) / Juliane Katharina Kirsch." Kiel : Universitätsbibliothek Kiel, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1161729496/34.
Full textSantoso, Benedicta. "The effect of sperm apoptosis, Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) and semen sample handling on sperm parameters and Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) outcomes." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2020. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/2373.
Full textGunay, Nida. "Examination of the Role of p53 in Embryo and Sperm Function." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/1823.
Full textGunay, Nida. "Examination of the Role of p53 in Embryo and Sperm Function." University of Sydney, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/1823.
Full textAssisted reproductive technologies (ARTs) are very efficient in producing embryos, however many of these embryos have poor viability. No more than 50% of IVF embryos complete preimplantation development (Hardy et al. 2001). The poor viability is manifested as a reduced rate of cell proliferation and increased rates of apoptosis in the early embryo, resulting in high rates of embryo mortality (Hardy et al. 2001). The reduced viability occurs as a response to a range of cellular stressors that are a consequence of embryo culture (Hardy et al. 2001). The stress of culture disrupts some survival signalling pathways, metabolism of substrates and induces redox stress (Hardy et al. 2001). The cellular stress sensor p53 is expressed in the early embryo but is normally kept at very low levels (Li et al. 2005). This latency may be breached in IVF embryos following culture of zygotes in vitro for 96 hours, resulting in the up-regulation and nuclear accumulation of p53 (Li et al. 2005). Activation of the p53 stress-sensing pathway in the early mouse embryo by culture in vitro causes a marked loss of their developmental competence (Li et al. 2005). This study aimed to establish whether benefits could be obtained by culturing mice IVF embryos in the presence of p53 protein inhibitors. IVF zygotes were cultured individually in 10µl drops of 1.25, 2.5, 5 or 10µM Pifithrin-a (PFTa) in 0.05% DMSO for 96 hours. On day 5 the development stage was assessed. Embryos reaching the blastocyst stage were fixed and stained with Hoechst 33342 for total cell count and the proportion of nuclei with normal and abnormal morphology. There was an increase in the blastocyst rate, total cell count and the proportion of nuclei in a blastocyst with normal nuclei in 10µM-treated embryos. This study also aimed to determine whether benefits could be obtained by incubating mouse IVF sperm with p53 protein inhibitors during IVF. IVF sperm was treated with 1.25, 2.5, 5 or 10µM of PFTa in 0.05% DMSO during incubation with oocytes for 6 hours. Resulting zygotes were cultured for 96 hours individually in 10µl drops of MODHTFM. On day 5 the development stage was assessed. Embryos reaching the blastocyst stage were fixed and stained with Hoechst 33342 for total cell count and the proportion of nuclei with normal and abnormal morphology. There was a reduction in the proportion of fragmented nuclei in blastocysts derived from 1.25 and 10µM-treated sperm. 10µM treated sperm increased the total cell count, the proportion of normal nuclei in a blastocyst and the blastocyst development rate. IVF sperm incubated with 1.25µM PFTa during insemination of oocytes increased the fertilisation rate. Another aim of this study was to establish whether p53 siRNA could inhibit p53 mRNA in mice IVF embryos and if so, whether this would improve embryo viability in culture. IVF zygotes were transfected with 15nM p53 small inhibiting RNA (siRNA) and 0.8% Oligofectamine Reagent immediately, 24 h, 48 h and 72 h after IVF then cultured individually in 10µl drops of MOD-HTFM for a total of 96 hours. On day 5 the blastocyst rate was assessed and immunofluorescence performed probing for p53. There was no significant reduction in p53 expression and no improvement in blastocyst rate at any of the transfection times. However, there was a decrease in the proportion of nuclei which expressed p53 when p53 siRNA was transfected 72 hours after IVF. Also, it was determined that siRNA was efficiently being delivered into the preimplantation embryo with Oligofectamine Reagent. Lastly, this study aimed to determine whether mice sperm with p53 gene deletions have a selective advantage in fertilising the oocyte compared to their wild-type counterparts. p53+/- males were mated with p53+/+ females and the resulting zygotes genotyped after 24 hours of culture. More than 50% of offspring had a p53+/+ genotype. There was no selective advantage for p53 null sperm to fertilise the oocyte, there was actually a disadvantage. The selective disadvantage for p53 null sperm to fertilise the F1 hybrid oocyte in IVF compared to its wild-type counterparts may imply that p53 null sperm are not as viable and may have a survival disadvantage. The reduction in fertility of p53 null sperm in vitro infers that p53 function may be important for the fertility of the mouse sperm in vitro. The results of this thesis could establish means of improving human embryo viability in ART, some examples being P53 protein inhibition in preimplantation embryos during culture prior to transfer to the uterus, or P53 protein inhibition in IVF sperm. The use of the new technology, p53 siRNA was not effective in inhibiting p53 expression, although the build-up experiments determined that siRNA is efficiently delivered into the preimplantation embryo with Oligofectamine Reagent. The demonstration that p53 null sperm has a selective disadvantage in fertilising the oocyte compared to their wild-type counterparts does not indicate a positive selection pressure for naturally occurring mutations to this gene. And so, there is no concern regarding the genetic and epigenetic risks to progeny arising from assisted reproductive technologies with respect to sperm.
NOTARSTEFANO, VALENTINA. "Development of new molecular tools for the characterization of human Granulosa cells: new implications for the research on human infertility." Doctoral thesis, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11566/252927.
Full textIn assisted reproductive routine, oocyte selection is based on its morphological features, which seem not to be related to its intrinsic competence. Hence, several efforts have been made to identify markers to be added to the actual evaluation, in particular focusing on the crucial roles of Granulosa cells (GCs) in the follicular microenvironment: production of estradiol and progesterone, regulation of the meiosis steps and the transcriptional activity in the oocyte, production of essential nutrients for the oocyte, and accumulation of secreted metabolites. Hence, the progression through the steps of folliculogenesis heavily relies upon bi-directional interactions between germ cells and the surrounding somatic cells. The study of GCs has shown to be determining to highlight particular features of ovarian mechanisms and folliculogenesis, and also to identify the endogenous and exogenous factors that can impair these delicate processes. In this sense, the main aim of the PhD project was to characterize GCs, applying for the first time Fourier Transform Infrared Microspectroscopy (FTIRM) to develop a method for evaluating the quality of human oocytes. This could represent a new, reliable and objective tool for oocyte quality assessment in assisted reproduction routine. Besides this main topic, the impairment induced by endogenous and exogenous factors on the biochemical composition, metabolism and cellular activity of GCs was also investigated by FTIRM, Raman Microspectroscopy and qPCR, shedding new light on the mechanisms governing folliculogenesis. In particular, the research was focused on the impairment determined by reproductive aging, ovarian endometriosis, and plastic pollutants. The information obtained on GCs contribute to the understanding of the mechanisms of impairment of folliculogenesis, by a multidisciplinary approach made of spectroscopic analysis and qPCR. Thanks to the results, an innovative approach to evaluate oocyte quality by spectral features of GCs was proposed, suggesting the possibility to apply FTIRM as a clinical feasible diagnostic tool in assisted reproduction routine.
Hesselvik, Louise. "Life after infertility : a grounded theory of moving on from unsuccessful fertility treatment." Thesis, University of Hertfordshire, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2299/19709.
Full textCorrêa, Maria Eduarda Cavadinha. "Duas mães? Mulheres lésbicas e maternidade." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/6/6136/tde-29042012-124625/.
Full textIn our society, the heterosexual relationship still appears to be the only legitimate form to be a couple or to be a family. However, an increasing number of people who challenge the normative discourse are seeking for same-sex partnerships, often associating these partnerships to the experience of parenting, with biological or adoptive children. The increasing discussions about reproductive and sexual rights and the emergence of new family arrangements, including the one formed by homosexual couples, began to deconstruct the ideal model of nuclear family and its opens up the way for new discussions such as lesbian motherhood. This study intend to contribute to the homoparenthood debate, by demonstrating the specificities between these women and their ways to construct an intimate citizenship within the context of Brazilian heternormative society. To do so, the following overall aim was: to comprehend the parenthood concepts of lesbian women who seek pregnancy through known or unknown semen donor. The proposed study is based on the assumptions of qualitative research, which means that the subjects discourse was the source of information. Twelve lesbians were interviewed between the years 2009 and 2011. The data were transcribed, organized and analyzed. From the results, it was revealed that the motherhood experience by lesbians depends on several factors such as historical, cultural, social, juridical, legal, economic, public policies, and, of course, the personal history of each of these women. Thus, for women who come out as a lesbian in a heteronormative society and at the same time, opt for motherhood, they have a hard road to face. The solution seems to be to struggle for citizenship and human rights consolidation. So, its important working up this issue in academic studies and to discuss with other spheres of public policy and social life, including public health
Smith, Malcolm. "Regulating IVF and pre-implantation tissue-typing for the creation of "saviour siblings" : a harm analysis." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2010. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/35798/1/Malcolm_Smith_Thesis.pdf.
Full textFranco, Joana Sofia. "Vivências psicológicas de um casal homossexual feminino na transição para a homoparentalidade." Master's thesis, ISPA - Instituto Universitário, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.12/2760.
Full textAs mudanças socio-políticas e culturais ocorridas nas últimas décadas, sobretudo nos países ocidentais, têm-se refletido numa maior abertura e aceitação de diferentes configurações familiares. O aparecimento de diversas técnicas de Procriação Medicamente Assistida (PMA), veio possibilitar a muitas mulheres homossexuais o acesso à parentalidade, sem a participação directa de uma figura masculina. A combinação destes dois factores aumentou consideravelmente o número de casais de lésbicas, que de forma planeada decidiram ser mães. Em Portugal, a investigação com mulheres homossexuais, que planearam as suas famílias e que recorreram a métodos de Procriação Medicamente Assistida (PMA) é escassa. Dada a importância de se conhecer o universo destas famílias, a presente investigação propõem-se, através de uma metodologia qualitativa, a compreender as vivências psicológicas de um casal homossexual durante a transição para a homoparentalidade. Através de cinco entrevistas semi-estruturadas mergulhou-se no universo do casal e nos significados atribuídos por cada mãe (biológica e social), às experiências em torno da homoparentalidade. Concluiu-se que para este casal, a decisão de ter um filho surge na sequência de muita ponderação, negociação e planeamento. Apesar de haver uma forte idealização relativa à integridade familiar e à partilha da parentalidade, as experiências significativas refletem-se de forma diferente, nas vivências psicológicas de ambas as mães.
ABSTRACT: The socio-political and cultural changes occurred in the last decades, mostly in western countries, have been reflected in a greater openness and acceptance of different family configurations. The emergence of several technics of Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) allows many homosexual women the access to parenthood without involvement of a male figure. The combination of these two factors greatly increased the number of lesbian couples who decided to plan their families. In Portugal, the investigation with lesbian planned families who have resorted to Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) is scarce. Given the importance of realize the universe of these families, the present investigation proposes, through a qualitative methodology, to understand the psychological experiences of a homosexual couple during the transition to homoparenthood. With five semi-structured interviews, we step into the couple’s universe and in the meaningful experiences about being a lesbian (biological and social) mother. We concluded that for this couple, the decision of having a child comes up in the sequence of much deliberation, negotiation and planning. There is a strong idealization about familiar integrity and shared parenthood. However, the significant experiences reflect themselves in different ways in the psychological experiences of both mothers.