Academic literature on the topic 'Assistance in validating scenarios'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'Assistance in validating scenarios.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Journal articles on the topic "Assistance in validating scenarios":
1
Kayatas, Zafer, Dieter Bestle, Pascal Bestle, and Robin Reick. "Generation of Realistic Cut-In Maneuvers to Support Safety Assessment of Advanced Driver Assistance Systems." Applied Mechanics 4, no. 4 (September 28, 2023): 1066–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/applmech4040054.
Abstract:
Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADASs) attract constantly growing attention from academics and industry as more and more vehicles are equipped with such technology. Level-3 ADASs, like the DRIVE PILOT from Mercedes-Benz AG, are expected to appear more and more on the market in the next few years. However, automated driving raises new challenges for the system validation required for series approval. The replacement of a human driver as control instance expands the range of variants to be validated and verified. The scenario-based validation approach meets these challenges by simulating only specific safety-critical driving scenarios using software-in-the-loop simulation. According to the current state of the art, various safety-relevant driving scenarios are parameterized as idealized maneuvers which, however, requires a great modeling effort, and at the same time, such simplifications may bias the safety assessment. Therefore, a novel approach using artificial intelligence methods is taken here to generate more realistic driving scenarios. Namely, a generative model based on a variational autoencoder is trained with real-world data and then used to generate trajectories for a specific driving maneuver. Through a comprehensive analysis of the synthetic trajectories, it becomes clear that the generative model can learn and replicate relevant properties of real driving data as well as their probabilistics much better than the mathematical models used so far. Furthermore, it is proven that both the statistical properties and the time characteristics are almost equal to those of the input data.
2
Ahrenhold, Nils, Ingrid Gerdes, Thorsten Mühlhausen, and Annette Temme. "Validating Dynamic Sectorization for Air Traffic Control Due to Climate Sensitive Areas: Designing Effective Air Traffic Control Strategies." Aerospace 10, no. 5 (April 26, 2023): 405. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/aerospace10050405.
Abstract:
Dynamic sectorization is a powerful possibility to balance the controller workload with respect to traffic flows changing over time. A multi-objective optimization system analyzes the traffic flow over time and determines suitable time-dependent sectorizations. Our dynamic sectorization system is integrated into a radar display as part of a working environment for air traffic controllers. A use case defining climate-sensitive areas leads to changes in traffic flows. When using the system, three controllers are assessed in two scenarios: the developed controller assistance system and the work in a dynamic airspace sectorization environment. We performed a concept validation in which we evaluated how controllers cope with sectors adapting to the traffic flow. The solution was rated as highly applicable by the involved controllers. The trials revealed the necessity to adapt the current procedures and define new aspects more precisely. In this paper, we present the developed environment and the theoretical background as well as the traffic scenarios. Furthermore, we describe the integration in an Air Traffic Management (ATM) environment and the questionnaires developed to assess the functionality of the dynamic sectorization approach. Finally, we present a proposal to enhance controller guidelines in order to cope with situations emerging from dynamic sectorizations, including naming conventions and phraseology.
3
Tatar, Mugur. "Test and Validation of Advanced Driver Assistance Systems Automated Search for Critical Scenarios." ATZelektronik worldwide 11, no. 1 (February 2016): 54–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s38314-015-0574-1.
4
Ametller, Adria, and Chris Brace. "A Coupling Architecture for Remotely Validating Powertrain Assemblies." SAE International Journal of Electrified Vehicles 12, no. 2 (March 15, 2023): 279–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/14-12-02-0015.
Abstract:
<div>Among the myriad of potential hybrid powertrain architectures, selecting the optimal for an application is a daunting task. Whenever available, computer models greatly assist in it. However, some aspects, such as pollutant emissions, are difficult to model, leaving no other option than to test. Validating plausible options before building the powertrain prototype has the potential of accelerating the vehicle development even more, doing so without shipping components around the world. This work concerns the design of a system to virtually couple—that is, avoiding physical contact—geographically distant test rigs in order to evaluate the components of a powertrain. In the past, methods have been attempted, either with or without assistance of mathematical models of the coupled components (observers). Existing methods are accurate only when the dynamics of the systems to couple are slow in relation to the communication delay. Also, existing methods seem to overlook the implications of operating a distributed system without a common time frame. In order to overcome the inherent latency arising from long-range communication, the proposed design combines two features: The exploitation of synchronized clocks for the simultaneous introduction of setpoint commands and the use of observers generated through machine learning algorithms. This novel design is subsequently tested in two scenarios: A simple one, involving the virtual coupling of two parts of an elementary device formed by three rotating inertias, and a more complex one, the coupling between an internal combustion engine and an electric motor/generator as representative of a series or parallel hybrid powertrain. Although the results are heavily influenced by the quality of the data-generated observers, the architecture improves the fidelity of the coupling by nearly an order of magnitude compared to the alternative of directly transmitting the signals. It also opens a niche application that leverages the accuracy of low-fidelity models.</div>
5
Marcano, Mauricio, José A. Matute, Ray Lattarulo, Enrique Martí, and Joshué Pérez. "Low Speed Longitudinal Control Algorithms for Automated Vehicles in Simulation and Real Platforms." Complexity 2018 (2018): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/7615123.
Abstract:
Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) acting over throttle and brake are already available in level 2 automated vehicles. In order to increase the level of automation new systems need to be tested in an extensive set of complex scenarios, ensuring safety under all circumstances. Validation of these systems using real vehicles presents important drawbacks: the time needed to drive millions of kilometers, the risk associated with some situations, and the high cost involved. Simulation platforms emerge as a feasible solution. Therefore, robust and reliable virtual environments to test automated driving maneuvers and control techniques are needed. In that sense, this paper presents a use case where three longitudinal low speed control techniques are designed, tuned, and validated using an in-house simulation framework and later applied in a real vehicle. Control algorithms include a classical PID, an adaptive network fuzzy inference system (ANFIS), and a Model Predictive Control (MPC). The simulated dynamics are calculated using a multibody vehicle model. In addition, longitudinal actuators of a Renault Twizy are characterized through empirical tests. A comparative analysis of results between simulated and real platform shows the effectiveness of the proposed framework for designing and validating longitudinal controllers for real automated vehicles.
6
Cuma, Mehmet Uğraş, Çağrı Dükünlü, and Emrah Yirik. "Smart Driver Behavior Recognition and 360-Degree Surround-View Camera for Electric Buses." Electronics 12, no. 13 (July 6, 2023): 2979. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics12132979.
Abstract:
The automotive industry’s focus on driver-oriented issues underscores the critical importance of driver safety. This paper presents the development of advanced driver assistance system (ADAS) algorithms specifically tailored for an electric bus (e-bus) to enhance safety. The proposed approach incorporates two key components: a 360-degree surround-view system and driver behavior recognition utilizing the You Only Look Once V5 (YOLO_V5) method. The adoption of YOLO_V5 in ADASs enables rapid response by processing multiple class probabilities and region proposals within an image instantaneously. Additionally, ADAS implementation includes an image processing-based surround-view system utilizing OpenCV. In order to evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithms regarding a smart e-bus, comprehensive experimental studies were conducted. The driver behavior recognition system underwent rigorous testing using various images captured by an onboard camera. Similarly, the surround-view system’s performance was verified in diverse driving scenarios, including regular driving, parking, and parking in near-to-line situations. The results demonstrate the viability and effectiveness of the proposed system, validating its potential to significantly improve driver safety in electric buses. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the work accomplished by emphasizing the specific contributions of the 360-degree surround-view system, driver behavior recognition using YOLO_V5, and the experimental validation conducted for an e-bus.
7
Lagarda-Leyva, Ernesto A., María Paz Guadalupe Acosta-Quintana, Javier Portugal-Vásquez, Arnulfo A. Naranjo-Flores, and Alfredo Bueno-Solano. "System Dynamics and Sustainable Solution: The Case in a Large-Scale Pallet Manufacturing Company." Sustainability 15, no. 15 (July 31, 2023): 11766. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su151511766.
Abstract:
The proposal in the present research study is the result of a more than two-year process developed in a pallet manufacturing company for anchor enterprises in Southern Sonora, Mexico dedicated to beer production and export to the United States of America. Considering the high pallet demand for this supplier, a strategic plan was created in 2021, establishing an important project for developing technological solutions to improve decision making supported by graphical user interface and focused on sustainability. This study shows the application of system dynamics in all the wood and pallet manufacturing processes with a strategic sourcing supply chain. The method used for its development had the following stages: (1) developing the mapping process; (2) creating the causal loop diagram; (3) developing a flow and stock model with the representing mathematical equations; (4) simulating and validating current scenarios; (5) evaluating normal, optimistic, and pessimistic scenarios with multicriteria decision making using Technique to Order Preferences by Similarity and the Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) and Faire Un Choix Adéquat (FUCA); (6) building the graphical interface. The most relevant results for the company were having quantitative information regarding the pallet demand required by the main client for wood availability, which was the main restriction in the supply chain. The solution was based on four validation tests that allowed decision makers to support the production proposals considering the assistance of the dynamic models. The main conclusion demonstrated that using well-defined operation rules and policies—considering the installed capacity and pallet demand through the model solution—allows anticipating decisions on pallet quantity and reducing the risk of out-of-time deliveries.
8
Expósito Jiménez, Víctor J., Bernhard Winkler, Joaquim M. Castella Triginer, Heiko Scharke, Hannes Schneider, Eugen Brenner, and Georg Macher. "Safety of the Intended Functionality Concept Integration into a Validation Tool Suite." ACM SIGAda Ada Letters 43, no. 2 (June 6, 2024): 69–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3672359.3672369.
Abstract:
Nowadays, the increasing complexity of Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) and Automated Driving (AD) means that the industry must move towards a scenariobased approach to validation rather than relying on established technology-based methods. This new focus also requires the validation process to take into account Safety of the Intended Functionality (SOTIF), as many scenarios may trigger hazardous vehicle behaviour. Thus, this work demonstrates how the integration of the SOTIF process within an existing validation tool suite can be achieved. The necessary adaptations are explained with accompanying examples to aid comprehension of the approach.
9
Savino, Giovanni, Marco Pierini, and Michael G. Lenné. "Development of a low-cost motorcycle riding simulator for emergency scenarios involving swerving." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 230, no. 14 (August 5, 2016): 1891–903. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954407015624998.
Abstract:
The development of advanced riding assistance systems requires the analysis of user reactions in emergency situations. Motorcycle riding simulators are an alternative to ‘on-road’ testing so that virtual environment dangerous scenarios can be investigated without risks for the participants. In this paper, we propose a process for validation of a low-cost motorcycle simulator characterized by, first, an elastic resistance on the steering input and, second, a counter-steering strategy. For this, 16 riders tested the simulator in different manoeuvres, including a cornering manouvre in a non-urban environment, a slalom manoeuvre and a lane-change manoeuvre. Objective evaluations and subjective evaluations showed that the simulator was realistic, in particular for investigating lateral avoidance scenarios. The development of suitable motorcycle simulators will significantly advance the field of motorcycle safety research.
10
Rundo, Francesco. "Deep LSTM with Dynamic Time Warping Processing Framework: A Novel Advanced Algorithm with Biosensor System for an Efficient Car-Driver Recognition." Electronics 9, no. 4 (April 6, 2020): 616. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics9040616.
Abstract:
The latest generation of cars are increasingly equipped with driver assistance systems called ADAS (advanced driver assistance systems) which are able to assist the car driver in different driving scenarios, and in the most advanced automation levels, able to take over driving the car if required due to dangerous situations. Therefore, it is essential to adapt the ADAS specifically to the car-driver’s identity in order to better customize the driving assistance. To this end, algorithms that allow correct recognition of the vehicle driver are fundamental and preparatory. In this context, an algorithm for car-driver identity recognition is proposed which allows, with an accuracy close to 99%, recognition of the driver by means of a properly designed pipeline based on the analysis of the car driver PhotoPlethysmoGraphic (PPG) signal. The proposed approach makes use of deep long short-term memory (LSTM) architecture for learning such PPG signal features needed to discriminate one car driver from another. The extended validation and testing of the proposed system confirm the reliability of the proposed pipeline.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Assistance in validating scenarios":
1
Léoty, Florent. "Vers le couplage sémantique de planifications de tâches et de trajectoires pour la validation de tâches complexes sous fortes contraintes spatiales." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Toulouse, INPT, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023INPT0135.
Abstract:
Pour rester compétitifs, les industriels doivent réduire de plus en plus les coûts et les temps de développement de leurs nouveaux produits. Ceux-ci sont aujourd'hui de plus en plus intégrés, plus petits, plus légers et moins gourmands en énergie. Ils sont plus difficiles à concevoir et doivent être assemblés, maintenus et désassemblés sous de très fortes contraintes géométriques. Traditionnellement, en phase de conception, on établit le modèle CAO du produit, puis on fabrique les différentes parties physiques de celui-ci pour s’apercevoir trop souvent ensuite, que tout ou partie des tâches associées au cycle de vie du produit sont difficiles ou impossibles à réaliser. Une détection tardive de ces problèmes nécessite alors de remettre en cause la conception du produit. Les travaux de cette thèse s'intéressent à valider, dès la phase de conception et par simulation numérique avant la fabrication des prototypes physiques, l'ensemble des tâches associées au PLM, ce qui permettrait de réduire les temps et coûts de développement et de viser des procédés de fabrication plus respectueux de l’environnement en réduisant le nombre de prototypes physiques fabriqués. Une étape clef dans la validation par simulation des tâches du PLM consiste à trouver une trajectoire réalisable et sans collision afin de prouver leur faisabilité. La communauté robotique a, depuis les années 80, mis en oeuvre des méthodes de planification automatiques de trajectoires pour résoudre cette problématique. Toutefois, ces méthodes ont des limites, principalement liées à la complexité des modèles de l'environnement, traditionnellement purement géométriques. Dans des environnements très complexes, les planificateurs de trajectoires peuvent proposer des trajectoires peu pertinentes, dans des temps pouvant être très longs, voire échouer. Pour répondre à ces limites, des travaux ont considéré des approches collaboratives homme - planificateur mais qui ne permettent que rarement une interaction continue. Par ailleurs, les techniques de RV permettent la simulation avec un opérateur humain dans la boucle, en immersion dans l’environnement virtuel et en interaction avec celui-ci. Une approche originale liant planification automatique de trajectoires et RV a ainsi été développée au LGP permettant de profiter de la puissance de calcul des ordinateurs et des capacités cognitives d'un opérateur humain. Toutefois, dans cette approche, l'assistance proposée à l'opérateur n'est pas orientée vers le métier et la tâche à réaliser. Pour pouvoir raisonner au niveau de la tâche à réaliser il faut considérer conjointement planification de tâches et planification de trajectoires et s’intéresser à la capacité de modéliser des informations relatives à cette tâche et de raisonner sur celles-ci ; les ontologies sont un outil prometteur. L'objectif de cette thèse concerne l'élaboration d'une méthodologie pour le couplage sémantique des planificateurs de trajectoires et de tâches pour l’assistance à la manipulation en RV ou la robotique. Dans ce cadre, nous proposons deux contributions principales : La première contribution de ce travail propose deux ontologies originales. La première, ENVOn-2, concerne la modélisation de l'environnement dans lequel se déroule une tâche. La seconde, TAMPO, est une ontologie développée pour le planification conjointe de tâches et de trajectoires. La seconde contribution porte sur l'élaboration d'une méthodologie pour le couplage sémantique des planificateurs de tâches et de trajectoires. Cette méthodologie, par l'utilisation conjointe des deux ontologies, permet d'améliorer la planification de trajectoires d'une action primitive tout en proposant un plan (ou des plans) de tâche (s) pertinent(s) pour la manipulation effectuée. Ces développements ont ensuite été validés à l'aide de scénarios variés et de complexités croissantes. Les résultats obtenus montrent la pertinence de l'approcheTo remain competitive, manufacturers need to reduce the costs and development times of their new products. Current products are increasingly integrated, smaller, lighter and more energyefficient. They are more difficult to design and have to be assembled, maintained and disassembled under very high geometric constraints. Traditionally, during the design phase, the CAD model of the product is established, then the physical parts of the product are manufactured, to discover all too often that some or all of the tasks associated with the product's life cycle are difficult or impossible to carry out. If these problems are detected too late, the product design has to be reconsidered. The aim of this thesis is to validate, at the design stage, all the tasks associated to the PLM using digital simulation before the physical prototypes are manufactured. This would make it possible to reduce development times and costs and to aim for more environmentally-friendly manufacturing processes by reducing the number of physical prototypes manufactured. A key step in the simulation-based validation of PLM tasks is to find a feasible collision-free trajectory in order to prove their feasibility. Since the 1980s, the robotics community has been using automatic path planning methods to solve this problem. However, these methods have limitations, mainly linked to the complexity of the environment models, which are traditionally purely geometric. In very complex environments, path planners can propose trajectories that are not very relevant, in times that can be very long, or even fail. To overcome these limitations, some works has considered collaborative human-planner approaches, but these rarely enable continuous interaction. On the other hand, VR techniques allow simulation with a human operator in the loop, immersed in the virtual environment and interacting with it. An original approach linking automatic path planning and VR has been developed at LGP, taking advantage of the computing power of computers and the cognitive abilities of a human operator. However, in this approach, the assistance offered to the operator is not oriented towards the task to be carried out. In order to be able to reason at the level of the task to be carried out, task planning and path planning must be considered together, and attention must be paid to the ability to model information relating to the task and to reason about these information; ontologies are a promising tool. The aim of this thesis is to develop a common framework for the semantic coupling of path and task planners for manipulation assistance in VR or robotics. Within this framework, we propose two main contributions: The first contribution of this work proposes two original ontologies. The first, ENVOn-2, concerns the modelling of the environment in which a manipulation task takes place. The second, TAMPO, is an ontology developed for jointly use path and task planning. The second contribution concerns the development of a methodology for the semantic coupling of task and trajectory planners. This methodology, through the joint use of the two ontologies, makes it possible to improve the path planning of a primitive action while proposing a task plan (or plans) that is (are) relevant to the manipulation being carried out. These developments were then validated using a variety of scenarios of increasing complexity. The results obtained demonstrate the relevance of the approach
2
Obaze, Yolanda. "Community-Based Logistics and Supply Chain Management: Developing, Testing and Validating Conceptual Models." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2016. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc849676/.
Abstract:
The field of Logistics and Supply Chain Management (LSCM) suggests that transactions, collaboration, and value are important in the supply and delivery of products and services to meet the need of impoverished end-consumers. In many cases, the application of LSCM is paramount in most strategic decision-making efforts. Therefore, this research explores the applications of LSCM processes and activities within the community-based context. The methodology used to address the research questions consisted of a hybrid of mixed methods. This mixed methodology provides three essays that investigate the application and development of LSCM in the community-based context. The essays address the flow of charitable products and services through supply chains. The dissertation does not pay close attention to the first-tier suppliers’ suppliers, which is looking at the originating flow of goods and services (raw materials, manufacturing, etc.). However, the dissertation puts a focus on products and services supplied to focal organizations and how these products are then passed on to end-consumers. Essay I looks at the transaction (costs) that ensue from the supply of charitable products. Essay II analyzes a social service ecosystem and investigates how the network of organizations enable the distribution of charitable products and services. Lastly, Essay III examines the delivery of valuable services to the end-consumers, and what tools Community-Based Enterprises (CBEs) should focus on to develop and retain end-consumers in impoverished communities. The research provides conceptual models that review some fundamental LSCM achievement gaps in supplying, delivering and providing social services to end users within impoverished communities. The dissertation draws upon literature from the fields of economics, marketing, social science, and logistics and supply chain management. The dissertation uses the primary research method of unstructured and semi-structured interviews, case studies, written survey instruments and system dynamics within three studies. The studies resolve to look into the term Community-Based Logistics and Supply Chain Management (CBLSCM) as employed by social service providers in the logistics and supply chain context and investigate how it applies to impoverished communities. The research identifies conceptual models that can be used to explain the role of LSCM within humanitarian aid context. The models offer insights on the managerial implications and evidence of using LSCM processes and techniques within impoverished communities. The research has considered that the type of transactional relationships, structure, shared value, service systems, and consumer value, retention and management mechanisms can be achieved utilizing LSCM.
3
Chaabouni, Mariem. "Assistance à la réutilisation de scénarios d’apprentissage : une approche guidée par l’évaluation du contexte d’usage à base d’indicateurs." Thesis, Le Mans, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LEMA1007/document.
Abstract:
Les travaux de thèse s'inscrivent dans le domaine des Environnements Informatiques pour l'Apprentissage Humain (EIAH). Ils portent sur la proposition de processus, méthodes et outils pour assister les enseignants et les formateurs dans la réutilisation et la capitalisation des scénarios d'apprentissage. L'approche proposée nommée CAPtuRe a pour objectif de modéliser, évaluer et exploiter les informations contextuelles relatives à un scénario en se basant sur des observations effectives de ce dernier pour améliorer la réutilisation.Les problématiques étudiées concernent : (1) l'expression et l'analyse du contexte d'usage, (2) l'évaluation de la pertinence du scénario dans un contexte précis, (3) l'indexation des contextes sur la base de critères de réussite et d'efficacité du scénario pour la définition de son périmètre de réutilisation et (4) la suggestion proactive de réutilisation.Nous avons commencé par la spécification d'un cadre global d'ingénierie et de réutilisation de scénarios d'apprentissage. Dans ce cadre, nous avons défini un processus qui spécifie le cycle de vie du scénario explicitant la dimension contextuelle et son utilisation dans un environnement de "conception par la réutilisation". Pour opérationnaliser ce processus, nous avons défini une approche générique de modélisation de l'information contextuelle enrichie par les indicateurs, une méthode d'indexation et un algorithme de calcul de similarités contextuelles pour la sélection et la recommandation de scénarios appropriés à une situation d'apprentissage cible. Ces contributions ont été implémentées sous la forme d'une plateforme logicielle et appliquées sur des cas d'usage de scénarios hybridesThe work presented in this thesis is a part of the Technology Enhanced Learning domain. It focuses on the proposal of processes, methods and tools that assist teachers and trainers in the reuse and the capitalization of educational scenarios. The objective of the proposed approach named CAPtuRe is to model, evaluate and exploit the contextual information related to a scenario based on its effective observations with the aim to enhance reuse. The main concerns are: (1) the expression and the analysis of the usage context, (2) the evaluation of the relevance of the scenario in a specific context, (3) the indexing of the contexts based on criteria of success and effectiveness of the scenario to define its reuse scope and (4) the proactive suggestion of reuse. We started by specifying a global framework for the engineering and the reuse of educational scenarios. In this context, we have defined a process specifying the scenario lifecycle introducing the contextual dimension and its utilization in a "design by reuse" environment. In order to operationalize this process, we define a generic approach to model the contextual information of a scenario that is enriched by the indicators, an indexing method and an algorithm calculating contextual similarities for the selection and the recommendation of appropriated scenarios to a target learning situation. These contributions are implemented as a software platform and applied to hybrid scenarios usage cases
4
Klein, Philipp. "Non-Intrusive Information Sources for Activity Analysis in Ambient Assisted Living Scenarios." Thesis, Mulhouse, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015MULH8932/document.
Abstract:
Comme les gens vieillissent, ils sont souvent confrontés à un certain degré de diminution des capacités cognitives ou de la force physique. Isolement de la vie sociale, mauvaise qualité de la vie, et risque accru de blessures en sont les principales conséquences. Ambient Assisted Living (AAL) est une vision de la façon dont les gens vivent leur vie dans leur propre maison, à mesure qu'ils vieillissent : handicaps ou limitations sont compensées par la technologie, là où le personnel de prestation de soins est rare ou des proches ne sont pas en mesure d'aider. Les personnes concernées sont assistés par la technologie. Le terme "ambiante" en AAL exprime, ce que cette technologie doit être, au- delà de l’assistance. Elle doit être intégrée dans l’environnement de manière à ce qu'elle ne soit pas reconnue en tant que tel. L'interaction avec les résidents doit être intuitive et naturelle. L'équipement technique doit être discret ct bien intégré. Les domaines d'application ciblés dans cette thèse sont le suivi de l’activité et la recherche de profils d'activités dans des appartements ou des petites maisons. L'acquisition d’informations concernant l’activité des résidents est vitale pour le succès de toute la technologie d’assistance. Dans de nombreux domaines de la vie quotidienne, ceci est déjà de la routine. L’état de l’art en matière de technologie de détection comprend des caméras, des barrières lumineuses, des capteurs RFID, la radiolocalisation de signal en utilisant des transpondeurs et des planchers sensibles à la pression. En raison de leurs principes de fonctionnement, ils ont malheureusement un impact important sur les environnements domestiques et de vie. Par conséquent, cette thèse est consacrée à la recherche de technologies d’acquisition d’informations de l’activité non-intrusive ayant un impact minimal sur la vie quotidienne. Deux technologies de base, la détection de présence passive sans dispositif et le suivi de charges de manière non-intrusive, sont prises en compte dans cette thèseAs people grow older, they are often faced with some degree of decreasing cognitive abilities or physical strength. Isolation from social life, poor quality of life, and increased risk or injuries are the consequence. Ambient Assisted Living (AAL) is a vision for the way people live their life in their own home, as they grow older: disabilities or limitations are compensated for by technology, where care-giving personnel is scarce or relatives are unable to help. Affected people are assisted by technology. The term "Ambient" in AAL expresses, what this technology needs to be, beyond assistive. It needs to integrate into the living environment in such a way that it is not recognized as such any more. Interaction with residents needs to be intuitive and natural. Technical equipment should be unobtrusive and well integrated. The areas of application targeted in this thesis are activity monitoring and activity pattern discovery in apartments or small houses. The acquisition of information regarding the residents' activity is vital for the success of any assistive technology. In many areas of daily life, this is routine already. State-of-the-art sensing technology includes cameras, light barriers, RFID sensors, radio signal localization using transponders, and pressure sensitive Floors. Due to their operating principles, they have a big impact on home and living environments. Therefore, this thesis is dedicated to research for non-intrusive activity information acquisition technology, that has minimal impact on daily life. Two base technologies are taken into account in this thesis
5
Vestin, Albin, and Gustav Strandberg. "Evaluation of Target Tracking Using Multiple Sensors and Non-Causal Algorithms." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Reglerteknik, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-160020.
Abstract:
Today, the main research field for the automotive industry is to find solutions for active safety. In order to perceive the surrounding environment, tracking nearby traffic objects plays an important role. Validation of the tracking performance is often done in staged traffic scenarios, where additional sensors, mounted on the vehicles, are used to obtain their true positions and velocities. The difficulty of evaluating the tracking performance complicates its development. An alternative approach studied in this thesis, is to record sequences and use non-causal algorithms, such as smoothing, instead of filtering to estimate the true target states. With this method, validation data for online, causal, target tracking algorithms can be obtained for all traffic scenarios without the need of extra sensors. We investigate how non-causal algorithms affects the target tracking performance using multiple sensors and dynamic models of different complexity. This is done to evaluate real-time methods against estimates obtained from non-causal filtering. Two different measurement units, a monocular camera and a LIDAR sensor, and two dynamic models are evaluated and compared using both causal and non-causal methods. The system is tested in two single object scenarios where ground truth is available and in three multi object scenarios without ground truth. Results from the two single object scenarios shows that tracking using only a monocular camera performs poorly since it is unable to measure the distance to objects. Here, a complementary LIDAR sensor improves the tracking performance significantly. The dynamic models are shown to have a small impact on the tracking performance, while the non-causal application gives a distinct improvement when tracking objects at large distances. Since the sequence can be reversed, the non-causal estimates are propagated from more certain states when the target is closer to the ego vehicle. For multiple object tracking, we find that correct associations between measurements and tracks are crucial for improving the tracking performance with non-causal algorithms.
6
Silveira, Luís Filipe Oliveira. "Validating the transferability of ecological models under global change scenarios with Holocene rock-art." Master's thesis, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/124797.
7
Silveira, Luís Filipe Oliveira. "Validating the transferability of ecological models under global change scenarios with Holocene rock-art." Dissertação, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/124797.
Books on the topic "Assistance in validating scenarios":
1
Hurd, Nathaniel. Notes to accompany "Likely humanitarian scenarios". Cambridge, UK: Campaign Against Sanctions on Iraq, 2003.
2
Lundsgaarde, Erik. Building long-term scenarios for development: The methodological state of the art with an application to foreign direct investment in Africa. Bonn: German Development Institute, 2008.
3
Enhancing Development Assistance To Africa Lessons From Scalingup Scenarios. International Monetary Fund (IMF), 2012.
4
ConceiçãO, Pedro, Jose Saul Lizondo, Andrew Berg, Jan Gottschalk, and Matthew Gaertner. Enhancing Development Assistance to Africa: Lessons from Scaling-Up Scenarios. International Monetary Fund, 2012.
5
Redifer, Laure, Andrew Berg, Jan Gottschalk, Pedro Conceição, and Matthew Gaertner. Enhancing Development Assistance to Africa: Lessons from Scaling-Up Scenarios. International Monetary Fund, 2012.
6
Pathrose, Plato. ADAS and Automated Driving: A Practical Approach to Verification and Validation. SAE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/9781468604146.
Abstract:
The day will soon come when you will be able to verbally communicate with a vehicle and instruct it to drive to a location. The car will navigate through street traffic and take you to your destination without additional instruction or effort on your part. Today, this scenario is still in the future, but the automotive industry is racing to toward the finish line to have automated driving vehicles deployed on our roads. ADAS and Automated Driving: A Practical Approach to Verification and Validation focuses on how automated driving systems (ADS) can be developed from concept to a product on the market for widescale public use. It covers practically viable approaches, methods, and techniques with examples from multiple production programs across different organizations. The author provides an overview of the various Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) and ADS currently being developed and installed in vehicles. The technology needed for large-scale production and public use of fully autonomous vehicles is still under development, and the creation of such technology is a highly innovative area of the automotive industry. This text is a comprehensive reference for anyone interested in a career focused on the verification and validation of ADAS and ADS. The examples included in the volume provide the reader foundational knowledge and follow best and proven practices from the industry. Using the information in ADAS and Automated Driving, you can kick start your career in the field of ADAS and ADS.
7
William A, Schabas. Part 9 International Cooperation and Judicial Assistance: Coopération Internationale Et Assistance Judiciaire, Art.101 Rule of speciality/Règle de la spécialité. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198739777.003.0106.
Abstract:
This chapter comments on Article of the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court. Article 101 sets out the principle of speciality, which is part of the customary law governing extradition between States. The rationale for the principle of speciality ‘is to protect State sovereignty’. For this reason, the rule is limited to the scenarios in which the person is arrested and is surrendered as a result of a request submitted by the Court to the State. It is inapplicable if the suspect has appeared voluntarily. The State that surrenders the individual to the Court may be asked to waive the rule of speciality if the Court seeks to proceed with respect to crimes that were not part of the original request for surrender.
Book chapters on the topic "Assistance in validating scenarios":
1
Maiden, N. A. M. "CREWS-SAVRE: Scenarios for Acquiring and Validating Requirements." In Domain Modelling for Interactive Systems Design, 39–66. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5613-8_3.
2
Messerschmidt, Florian, Andreas D. Lattner, and Ingo J. Timm. "Customer Assistance Services for Simulated Shopping Scenarios." In Agent and Multi-Agent Systems: Technologies and Applications, 173–82. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-01665-3_18.
3
Meyer, Benjamin. "Field Test: Validating the User Study Measurements." In Measuring, Modeling and Simulating the Re-adaptation Process of the Human Visual System after Short-Time Glares in Traffic Scenarios, 81–87. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-14704-4_6.
4
Steiner, Torsten. "Evolving Traffic Scenarios to Test Driver Assistance Systems in Simulations." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 103–14. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-17765-6_10.
5
Alcarria, Ramón, Diego Martín de Andrés, Tomás Robles, and Augusto Morales. "A Case Study for Validating a Prosumer Framework in Drug Traceability Scenarios." In Ubiquitous Computing and Ambient Intelligence. Context-Awareness and Context-Driven Interaction, 311–18. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-03176-7_40.
6
Löchner, Joachim, J. Wagner, M. Wolter, and A. Fernandez. "Validating advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) using comprehensive, loss-free in-vehicle measurements." In Proceedings, 1143–54. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-13255-2_85.
7
Tavakoli, Hooman, Sungho Suh, Snehal Walunj, Parsha Pahlevannejad, Christiane Plociennik, and Martin Ruskowski. "Object Detection for Human–Robot Interaction and Worker Assistance Systems." In Artificial Intelligence in Manufacturing, 319–32. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-46452-2_18.
Abstract:
AbstractThe primary goal of this research is to describe the scenarios, challenges, and complexities associated with object detection in industrial environments and to provide clues on how to tackle them. While object detection in production lines offers significant advantages, it also poses notable difficulties. This chapter delves into the common scenarios and specific challenges encountered in industrial object detection and proposes targeted solutions for various use cases. For example, synthetic data play a pivotal role in overcoming labeling challenges, particularly when it comes to small objects. By harnessing synthetic data, we can efficiently track and debug object detection results, ensuring faster identification and resolution of many data labeling issues. Synthetic data facilitate effective tracking and debugging of object detection results, streamlining the overall workflow. Furthermore, we explore the application of object detection in head-worn devices, utilizing the human point of view (POV) as a valuable perspective. This approach not only enhances human assistance systems but also enhances safety in specific use cases. Through this research endeavor, our aim is to contribute to the advancement of the whole process of object detection methods in complex industrial environments.
8
Grappiolo, Corrado, Héctor P. Martínez, and Georgios N. Yannakakis. "Validating Generic Metrics of Fairness in Game-Based Resource Allocation Scenarios with Crowdsourced Annotations." In Transactions on Computational Intelligence XIII, 176–200. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-54455-2_8.
9
Beetz, Michael, Uwe Engel, Nina Hoyer, Lorenz Kähler, Hagen Langer, Holger Schultheis, and Sirko Straube. "Trustworthiness and Well-Being: The Ethical, Legal, and Social Challenge of Robotic Assistance." In Robots in Care and Everyday Life, 1–26. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-11447-2_1.
Abstract:
AbstractIf a technology lacks social acceptance, it cannot realize dissemination into society. The chapter thus illuminates the ethical, legal, and social implications of robotic assistance in care and daily life. It outlines a conceptual framework and identifies patterns of trust in human–robot interaction. The analysis relates trust in robotic assistance and its anticipated use to open-mindedness toward technical innovation and reports evidence that this self-image unfolds its psychological impact on accepting robotic assistance through the imagined well-being that scenarios of future human–robot interaction evoke in people today. All findings come from the population survey of the Bremen AI Delphi study.
10
Larrauri, J. Murgoitio, E. D. Martí Muñoz, M. E. Vaca Recalde, B. Hillbrand, A. Tengg, Ch Pilz, and N. Druml. "Sensor Testing for Smart Mobility Scenarios: From Parking Assistance to Automated Parking." In Sensor Systems Simulations, 331–65. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-16577-2_12.
Conference papers on the topic "Assistance in validating scenarios":
1
Pachhapurkar, Ninad, Manish R, Jyoti Ganesh Kale, Manish Karle, and Ujjwala Karle. "Synthetic Scenario Generation from Real Road Data for Indian Specific ADAS Function Verification and Validation." In Symposium on International Automotive Technology. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2024-26-0020.
Abstract:
<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) play a crucial role in enhancing road safety by providing intelligent assistance to drivers. To ensure the reliability and effectiveness of ADAS functions, rigorous verification and validation processes are necessary. One critical aspect of this process is scenario generation, which involves creating diverse and representative driving scenarios for testing and evaluating ADAS functions.</div><div class="htmlview paragraph">This paper proposes a novel approach for synthetic scenario generation specifically tailored for Indian road conditions. The approach leverages real-time road data collected from various sources, including camera sensors, Lidar sensor, GPS devices, and traffic monitoring systems. The collected data is processed and analyzed to extract relevant information, such as road geometries, traffic patterns, and environmental conditions.</div><div class="htmlview paragraph">Based on the extracted data, a synthetic scenario generation algorithm is developed, which takes into account the unique characteristics of Indian roads, including complex traffic scenarios, diverse road conditions, and challenging driving situations. The algorithm incorporates statistical models and machine learning techniques to generate realistic and diverse scenarios that mimic real-world driving conditions.</div><div class="htmlview paragraph">The synthetic scenarios generated by the proposed approach are used for the verification and validation of ADAS functions specific to the Indian context. The scenarios cover a wide range of critical scenarios, including lane changes, pedestrian crossings, intersection scenarios, and adverse weather conditions. By using synthetic scenarios, the testing process becomes more efficient and cost-effective, as it reduces the reliance on physical testing and enables comprehensive coverage of various challenging scenarios.</div><div class="htmlview paragraph">The effectiveness of the synthetic scenario generation approach is evaluated through extensive simulations and real-world testing. The results demonstrate that the generated scenarios effectively capture the intricacies of Indian road conditions and provide valuable insights into the performance and robustness of ADAS functions. Furthermore, the approach can be customized and adapted for other regional contexts, making it a versatile tool for ADAS verification and validation.</div></div>
2
Bhagat, Ajinkya, Jyoti Ganesh Kale, Ninad Pachhapurkar, Manish Karle, Manish R, and Ujjwala Karle. "Framework for the Verification & Validation (V&V) of Advanced Driver Assistance Systems." In Symposium on International Automotive Technology. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2024-26-0022.
Abstract:
<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">Autonomous Emergency Braking (AEB) systems play a critical role in ensuring vehicle safety by detecting potential rear-end collisions and automatically applying brakes to mitigate or prevent accidents. This paper focuses on establishing a framework for the Verification & Validation (V&V) of Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) by testing & verifying the functionality of a RADAR-based AEB ECU. A comprehensive V&V approach was adopted, incorporating both virtual and physical testing. For virtual testing, closed-loop Hardware-in-Loop (HIL) simulation technique was employed. The AEB ECU was interfaced with the real-time hardware via CAN. Data for the relevant target such as the target position, velocity etc. was calculated using an ideal RADAR sensor model running on the real-time hardware. The methodology involved conducting a series of test scenarios, including various driving speeds, obstacle types, and braking distances. Automation was leveraged to perform automated testing and report generation with pass-fail assessment for each test scenario. For physical testing, virtual test scenarios were recreated on a closed test track with the help of appropriate test equipment. Performance evaluation of the AEB ECU was conducted by installing it in a test vehicle and subjecting it to the recreated test scenarios. Test results and future scope are summarized at the end of the paper.</div></div>
3
Menzel, Thaddäus, and Thiago de Borba. "Methodology for Automated Definition of Critical Scenarios." In FISITA World Congress 2021. FISITA, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46720/f2020-acm-073.
Abstract:
The field of automated driving has been the focus of research in both, academia and industry in the recent decades. Thanks to the advancements in sensor technology currently used for Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS), automatization of several parts of the driving task was enabled. However, the introduction of new technologies into the market requires a testing phase. Different test methods can be applied to assess the automated driving functions and their features. Nevertheless, the systematic test of functions for driver assistance systems requires the identification and analysis of a huge number of traffic scenarios. Since most traffic scenarios are not challenging, an approach that automatically generates critical driving scenarios can reduce the testing efforts and costs. This paper presents a methodology for automated definition of critical scenarios, which is composed of seven steps: define a critical maneuver, define the logical scenario, model the critical maneuver using a mathematical description, define the assessment criteria, obtain the concrete scenarios, specify a performance improvement method, and obtain the boundary scenarios. Firstly, Independent if the validation/homologation is based on a virtual or a field test, the tests should be focused on the most critical situations, since the test phase is costly. The selection of critical scenarios, based on critical maneuvers, is an important phase to develop testing methods. Thus, the critical maneuver selected was the lane change maneuver. The logical scenario defined describes the event where Ego drives in highway, presenting certain speed and acceleration, and due to a traffic jam, the front vehicle and the rear vehicle, on the adjacent lane, are stationary and there is a considerable distance between Ego and the rear vehicle. After, the mathematical modelling of the lane change maneuver was performed. Composed of three parts, the trajectory planning, which is responsible to generate the desired trajectory that ensure a safe lane change maneuver based on different driver style, the second is the vehicle model, which describes the longitudinal and lateral motion of the Ego vehicle, and the last is the driver model, which is responsible to drive Ego vehicle along to the planned trajectory. The assessment criteria was based on the safety distances and on the maximum lateral acceleration performed during the maneuver. The concrete scenarios were generated by variating three parameters, in this case, relative velocity between Ego and the front vehicle, the distance between Ego and the front vehicle, and alpha, the coefficient that affects the lane change time. Then, the performance improvement approach was applied, using the k-Nearest Neighbor Classifier, to reduce the computational elapsed time. After completing the first six steps, the concrete scenarios have been classified as critical and non-critical. Lastly, through the analysis of each neighbor point, it was possible to reduce the result space, to a few number of scenarios that can be easily manipulated, the boundary scenarios. Thus, the proposed methodology shown to be an efficient method for the definition of critical scenarios, since thousands of scenarios could be generated and classified in a matter of seconds.
4
Almasri, Hossam, Hsing-Hua Fan, and Venkateswara Raju Mudunuri. "A Method for Determining Mileage Accumulation for Robustness Validation of Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) Features." In WCX SAE World Congress Experience. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2024-01-1977.
Abstract:
<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">Robustness testing of Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) features is a crucial step in ensuring the safety and reliability of these systems. ADAS features include technologies like adaptive cruise control, lateral and longitudinal controls, automatic emergency braking, and more. These systems rely on various sensors, cameras, radar, lidar, and software algorithms to function effectively. Robustness testing aims to identify potential vulnerabilities and weaknesses in these systems under different conditions, ensuring they can handle unexpected scenarios and maintain their performance.</div><div class="htmlview paragraph">Mileage accumulation is one of the validation methods for achieving robustness. It involves subjecting the systems to a wide variety of real-world driving conditions and driving scenarios to ensure the reliability, safety, and effectiveness of the ADAS features. Following ISO 21448 (Safety of the intended functionality-SOTIF), known hazardous scenarios can be tested and validated through robustness testing and validation. Unknown hazardous scenarios can be exposed and identified as known hazardous scenarios through accumulated miles. However, determining the mileage needed for acceptance still poses a challenge.</div><div class="htmlview paragraph">This paper presents a potential methodology utilizing the Sequential Probability Ratio Test (SPRT) as acceptance criteria to determine the required mileage accumulation and to evaluate the robustness of the ADAS feature. Selection of the baseline ratio for SPRT depends on the maturity level of the ADAS features and Operational Design Domain (ODD) / Object Event Detection Response (OEDR) coverage. Furthermore, SPRT utilizes the likelihood ratio approach to establish an acceptable, rejection and continuation regions. Number of hours/miles of accumulation and the number of mishaps/hazards are the two main factors for the robustness example shown in the paper. This paper demonstrates how to use these established regions to gain various levels of confidence and prove out the robustness of the ADAS features.</div></div>
5
Shibuya, Kaoru, Akihiko Hyodo, Akihito Akai, and Tetsuya Yamada. "Automatic Scenario Generation for Simulation-Based Testing of AD/ADAS." In WCX SAE World Congress Experience. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2023-01-0825.
Abstract:
<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">Autonomous Driving (AD) and Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) are being actively developed to prevent traffic accidents. As the complexity of AD/ADAS increases, the number of test scenarios increases as well. An efficient development process that meets AD/ADAS quality and performance specifications is thus required. The European New Car Assessment Programme (Euro NCAP®<span class="xref"><sup>1</sup></span>) and the Japan Automobile Manufacturers Association (JAMA®<span class="xref"><sup>2</sup></span>) have both defined test scenarios, but some of these scenarios are difficult to carry out with real-vehicle testing due to the risk of harm to human participants. Due to the challenge of covering various scenarios and situations with only real-vehicle testing, we utilize simulation-based testing in this work. Specifically, we construct a Model-in-the-Loop Simulation (MILS) environment for virtual testing of AD/ADAS control logic.</div><div class="htmlview paragraph">When the collision scenarios defined by Euro NCAP in detail with collision condition, are utilized in simulation-based testing, problems arise due to the difficulty of manually generating scenarios in which the collision position and collision timing need to be adjusted.</div><div class="htmlview paragraph">In this paper, we therefore propose an automatic scenario generation method that satisfies the intended collision condition, by means of inverse calculation that adjusts the collision position and timing automatically. This process consists of two steps. First trajectories are obtained by conducting simulations, utilizing the input with inputed scenario component and parameter variation based on the Euro NCAP. Second, the target’s position offset and timing offset that satisfy the ego car’s collision condition, are calculated from the trajectories. By applying position offset and timing offset to the base scenario, collision scenarios are generated. We also came up with a function that validates the Euro NCAP measurement error for thegenerated scenarios. Our automatic scenario generation method results in a collision error rate of about 0.2 cm for 98.02% of the Euro NCAP scenarios we tested. By utilizing the proposed scenario generation and error validation, the labor hours is expected to be reduced by up to 1/6 compared to the manual process. Our method is also applicable to custom scenarios that require precise adjusting of collision positions and timing.</div><div class="htmlview paragraph">In the EuroNCAP test scenarios, the target’s speed and acceleration are both constant, but for AD/ADAS robustness testing, irregular behavior scenarios are required. We therefore added disturbances to the collision scenario by traffic flow simulation, where multiple vehicles are generated as disturbances and the target’s irregular behavior under the influence of multiple vehicles is generated.</div><div class="htmlview paragraph">In this work, EuroNCAP and JAMA test scenarios became able to generate automaticaly, in addition collision target's irregular behavior can be considered for AD/ADAS robustness testing.</div></div>
6
De Nalda Tárrega, Víctor, Andrés Soler, Nicolás Palomares, Javier Silva, Jose Laparra, and Jose Solaz. "Human Autonomous Vehicle (HAV): From sickness prevention to emotional response." In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1002487.
Abstract:
Dynamic driving simulators have been a key tool to reduce time and costs during the design and development of new automobile models or advanced driving assistance systems (ADAS) (Lyga et al., 2020). However, more efforts are needed to enhance the acceptance of new technologies by considering the human factors early in the process.Due to the high development costs or to the low fidelity of the final result, to develop and build a medium cost dynamic driving simulator with a good level of immersivity is not an easy task. The simulator should have a high level of immersivity, to achieve high correlation with field operational tests, and minimize the sickness effect of the simulators. A simulator with these capabilities can be used to validate different devices or systems from the automobile field with users, measuring physiological signals, behavior, movements and telemetry data.IBV has achieved this dynamic driving simulator by using an open-source software, CARLA (Team, n.d.), in which the different scenarios can be simulated. This simulator is based in a client server architecture, a motion platform with 6 degrees of freedom and 550 kg of payload (“Motion Platform PS-6TM-550 (6DoF, 550kg) - Motion Systems,” n.d.), three main screens with two rearview screens and an HMI (Human Machine Interface). This HMI can be used as an additional screen showing relevant travel information to the user, as a display of the user´s signals or as a panel with a driving assistance system among other things.The possibility of validating different products with a dynamic simulator of these characteristics, in which emotional responses associated to the different driving conditions can be generated and evaluated, with defined and customized experimentation conditions, and without having to develop their own simulator, can save a lot of time and money to the different companies.
7
Musharraf, Mashrura, and Cong Liu. "The human element in data driven decision making for winter navigation." In 15th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2024). AHFE International, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1005261.
Abstract:
With the availability of big maritime data and advancements of the computational techniques, such as machine learning and AI, automation of navigational decision-making in ships is on the rise. For low risk and more frequently observed cases, such as local vessels operating in calm sea, abundant data facilitates straightforward automation. The traditional data driven modeling (including black-box models) and associated validation techniques suffice the automation process of these cases as human intervention is rarely needed. However, for high-risk and infrequent scenarios, like winter navigation, data may be scarce, sparse, or imbalanced. Black-box data-driven models and associated validation techniques prove insufficient in these cases, as the expectation is for human to jump in and take control over when needed. This paper explores the role of the human element in various stages of data driven decision-making for winter navigation, encompassing the establishment of a multipurpose winter navigation database, model development, and validation. To illustrate, a case study on ice-breaker assistance operations will be presented.
8
Singh, Anil Kumar, Ankit Kumar, Abhishek Singh, and Manik Chandra. "AUTOMATIC ROAD LANE DETECTION USING CONVOLUTIONAL NEURAL NETWORK." In Computing for Sustainable Innovation: Shaping Tomorrow’s World. Innovative Research Publication, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.55524/csistw.2024.12.1.10.
Abstract:
With the increasing demand for intelligent transportation systems and autonomous vehicles, reliable and efficient road lane detection has become a crucial component for ensuring road safety and enhancing driving assistance technologies. This research presents an innovative approach to automatic road lane detection utilizing Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs). The proposed system leverages the power of deep learning to analyze road images and accurately identify lane markings. A dataset comprising diverse road scenarios is used to train the CNN model, allowing it to learn complex features and patterns associated with different road conditions, lighting, and environments. The architecture of the CNN is designed to extract hierarchical representations, enabling robust and adaptive lane detection. The process involves preprocessing techniques to enhance image quality, followed by the CNN model's training and validation phases. The trained model demonstrates high accuracy and efficiency in detecting road lanes in real-time scenarios. Evaluation metrics such as precision, recall, and F1-score are employed to assess the performance of the developed system, ensuring its reliability and effectiveness. The proposed automatic road lane detection system exhibits promising results across various challenging conditions, including low-light situations, adverse weather, and diverse road geometries. The integration of this technology has the potential to significantly improve road safety, advance autonomous driving capabilities, and contribute to the overall enhancement of intelligent transportation systems. The findings of this research pave the way for future advancements in computer vision applications related to road infrastructure and vehicular safety.
9
Marquet, Alina, Sven Münker, Antonia Markus, Anas Abdelrazeq, Robert H. Schmitt, and Bert Leyendecker. "Conceptualization of a Serious Game for Validation and Optimization of a Decision Support System in Disturbance and Error Management on the Shop floor." In 15th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2024). AHFE International, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1005409.
Abstract:
The integration of digital technologies and production elements has profound implications for disturbance and error management in operational-tactical production areas, driven by demands for flexibility, responsiveness, and resilience. Decision support systems (DSS) are seen as crucial tools, leveraging intelligent algorithms to aid decision-making and enhance efficiency.A human-centric DSS, utilizing artificial intelligence (AI) methods, has been developed to facilitate data-driven decisions and shift responsibilities to operational staff. Special attention is given to human-DSS interaction to understand its effects on employee workflows.This work aims to conceptualize a serious game as an innovative method for evaluating the DSS. The game tests technical functionality and simulates impacts on production workflows and human-system interaction (HSI). Realistic scenarios of disturbances, errors, and tool changes will enable early error identification and problem-solving.Through this comprehensive study, improvement opportunities in HSI will be uncovered, and the relevance of the serious game in the DSS context evaluated. AI models will be validated by simulating disruption and error situations in the game, followed by detailed examination of user experience and system value.Multiple participant groups will be involved, with varying levels of DSS assistance, allowing for differentiated analysis of system impacts. This approach will provide a comprehensive understanding of the DSS's practical applicability and benefits in real production environments. Future plans involve conducting the study and reporting the results.
10
Feljan, Aneta Vulgarakis, and Yifei Jin. "A Simulation Framework for Validating Cellular V2X Scenarios." In IECON 2018 - 44th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society. IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iecon.2018.8591541.
Reports on the topic "Assistance in validating scenarios":
1
Pulugurtha, Srinivas S., and Raghuveer Gouribhatla. Drivers’ Response to Scenarios when Driving Connected and Automated Vehicles Compared to Vehicles with and without Driver Assist Technology. Mineta Transportation Institute, January 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2022.1944.
Abstract:
Traffic related crashes cause more than 38,000 fatalities every year in the United States. They are the leading cause of death among drivers up to 54 years in age and incur $871 million in losses each year. Driver errors contribute to about 94% of these crashes. In response, automotive companies have been developing vehicles with advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) that aid in various driving tasks. These features are aimed at enhancing safety by either warning drivers of a potential hazard or picking up certain driving maneuvers like maintaining the lane. These features are already part of vehicles with Driver Assistance Technology, and they are vital for successful deployment of connected and automated vehicles in the near future. However, drivers' responses to driving vehicles with advanced features have been meagerly explored. This research evaluates driver participants' response to scenarios when driving connected and automated vehicles compared to vehicles with and without Driver Assistance Technology. The research developed rural, urban, and freeway driving scenarios in a driver simulator and tested on participants sixteen years to sixty-five years old. The research team explored two types of advanced features by categorizing them into warnings and automated features. The results show that the advanced features affected driving behavior by making driver participants less aggressive and harmonizing the driving environment. This research also discovered that the type of driving scenario influences the effect of advanced features on driver behavior. Additionally, aggressive driving behavior was observed most in male participants and during nighttime conditions. Rainy conditions and female participants were associated with less aggressive driving behavior. The findings from this research help to assess driver behavior when driving vehicles with advanced features. They can be inputted into microsimulation software to model the effect of vehicles with advanced features on the performance of transportation systems, advancing technology that could eventually save millions of dollars and thousands of lives.
2
Alexander, Chris, and Atul Ganpatye. PR652-203801-R03 Full-scale Testing to Evaluate the Performance of Large Standoff Magnetometry. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), January 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0012203.
Abstract:
This report documents the full-scale testing efforts undertaken to evaluate the capabilities and limitations of Large Standoff Magnetometry (LSM) technology from the perspective of quantifying stresses or strains in a pipeline subjected to geohazard loading conditions. The fundamental motivation behind this project is motivated by the need for developing LSM as a global non-destructive evaluation (NDE) technique to supplement the traditional approach for estimating pipeline curvature/strain in geohazard loading scenarios. The goal of the full-scale testing was to bend a representative, real-world pipe sample to predetermined loading/deflection levels, scan the bent pipe using LSM technologies from multiple vendors, and then compare the stress/strain results provided by the LSM results to those that are directly measured during the test - effectively validating the technology and increasing confidence in the use of LSM for pipeline curvature/strain measurement. The report discusses the basis of the design for the full-scale testing setup, measured data during the tests, and the LSM results provided by the two vendors (Speir Hunter and Transkor). The discussion provided in this document will be valuable for operators in understanding applicability, gaps, and potential improvements in the LSM technology in the context of curvature/strain estimation originating from geohazard loading conditions. Related webinar.
3
Kerber, Steve. Impact of Ventilation on Fire Behavior in Legacy and Contemporary Residential Construction. UL Firefighter Safety Research Institute, December 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.54206/102376/gieq2593.
Abstract:
Under the United States Department of Homeland Security (DHS) Assistance to Firefighter Grant Program, Underwriters Laboratories examined fire service ventilation practices as well as the impact of changes in modern house geometries. There has been a steady change in the residential fire environment over the past several decades. These changes include larger homes, more open floor plans and volumes and increased synthetic fuel loads. This series of experiments examine this change in fire behavior and the impact on firefighter ventilation tactics. This fire research project developed the empirical data that is needed to quantify the fire behavior associated with these scenarios and result in immediately developing the necessary firefighting ventilation practices to reduce firefighter death and injury. Two houses were constructed in the large fire facility of Underwriters Laboratories in Northbrook, IL. The first of two houses constructed was a one-story, 1200 ft, 3 bedroom, bathroom house with 8 total rooms. The second house was a two-story 3200 ft, 4 bedroom, 2.5 bathroom house with 12 total rooms. The second house featured a modern open floor plan, two- story great room and open foyer. Fifteen experiments were conducted varying the ventilation locations and the number of ventilation openings. Ventilation scenarios included ventilating the front door only, opening the front door and a window near and remote from the seat of the fire, opening a window only and ventilating a higher opening in the two-story house. One scenario in each house was conducted in triplicate to examine repeatability. The results of these experiments provide knowledge for the fire service for them to examine their thought processes, standard operating procedures and training content. Several tactical considerations were developed utilizing the data from the experiments to provide specific examples of changes that can be adopted based on a departments current strategies and tactics.
4
Li, Baisong, and Bo Xu. PR-469-19604-Z01 Auto Diagnostic Method Development for Ultrasonic Flow Meter. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), February 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0012204.
Abstract:
The objectives of this research are to develop methods for performing ultrasonic flow meter (USM) diagnostic evaluation automatically and a software tool with all necessary attachments. USM-based diagnostics have been established and thirteen categories of knowledge rules of existing cases have been learned and integrated. A search engine for relevant standards, specifications, and other documents of the measurement system has been developed, which enables the free search of text content. Further, with the assistance of modern reasoning techniques, the authorized user only needs to configure an EXCEL file or scripts to activate the rules of the knowledge base by using Drools technology. Therefore, the integration of any potential knowledge rules is convenient and requires no professional skills or changing of the internal source code of the software. Secondly, a new flow meter diagnostic method is proposed based on multiple information methodologies and it is based on the real-time measurement data, operation data, and video data if applicable. The method is intended to identify abnormal states of the measurement system on a real-time basis with the assistance of the knowledge rules and to provide a strategy for mitigating the meter error of components within the measurement system. Thirdly, the applications of Gaussian quadrature diagnostics in daily acquisition nomination change situations and compressor-induced pulsating flow scenarios have been investigated and results are shown in the document. Based on the results, it can be concluded that the measurement uncertainty caused by compressor-induced pulsating flows is obvious, while the measurement uncertainty caused by daily acquisition nomination change is relatively smaller. The software is then developed based on the knowledge, the idea of multiple information methods, and applications of the Gaussian quadrature diagnostics method with all necessary attachments. The architecture, the algorithm, and a few examples are introduced.
5
Backstrom, Robert, and David Dini. Firefighter Safety and Photovoltaic Systems Summary. UL Firefighter Safety Research Institute, November 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.54206/102376/kylj9621.
Abstract:
Under the United States Department of Homeland Security (DHS) Assistance to Firefighter Grant Fire Prevention and Safety Research Program, Underwriters Laboratories examined fire service concerns of photovoltaic (PV) systems. These concerns include firefighter vulnerability to electrical and casualty hazards when mitigating a fire involving photovoltaic (PV) modules systems. The need for this project is significant acknowledging the increasing use of photovoltaic systems, growing at a rate of 30% annually. As a result of greater utilization, traditional firefighter tactics for suppression, ventilation and overhaul have been complicated, leaving firefighters vulnerable to potentially unrecognized exposure. Though the electrical and fire hazards associated with electrical generation and distribution systems is well known, PV systems present unique safety considerations. A very limited body of knowledge and insufficient data exists to understand the risks to the extent that the fire service has been unable to develop safety solutions and respond in a safe manner. This fire research project developed the empirical data that is needed to quantify the hazards associated with PV installations. This data provides the foundation to modify current or develop new firefighting practices to reduce firefighter death and injury. A functioning PV array was constructed at Underwriters Laboratories in Northbrook, IL to serve as a test fixture. The main test array consisted of 26 PV framed modules rated 230 W each (5980 W total rated power). Multiple experiments were conducted to investigate the efficacy of power isolation techniques and the potential hazard from contact of typical firefighter tools with live electrical PV components. Existing fire test fixtures located at the Delaware County Emergency Services Training Center were modified to construct full scale representations of roof mounted PV systems. PV arrays were mounted above Class A roofs supported by wood trusses. Two series of experiments were conducted. The first series represented a room of content fire, extending into the attic space, breaching the roof and resulting in structural collapse. Three PV technologies were subjected to this fire condition – rack mounted metal framed, glass on polymer modules, building integrated PV shingles, and a flexible laminate attached to a standing metal seam roof. A second series of experiments was conducted on the metal frame technology. These experiments represented two fire scenarios, a room of content fire venting from a window and the ignition of debris accumulation under the array. The results of these experiments provide a technical basis for the fire service to examine their equipment, tactics, standard operating procedures and training content. Several tactical considerations were developed utilizing the data from the experiments to provide specific examples of potential electrical shock hazard from PV installations during and after a fire event.
6
Backstrom, Robert, and David Backstrom. Firefighter Safety and Photovoltaic Installations Research Project. UL Firefighter Safety Research Institute, November 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.54206/102376/viyv4379.
Abstract:
Under the United States Department of Homeland Security (DHS) Assistance to Firefighter Grant Fire Prevention and Safety Research Program, Underwriters Laboratories examined fire service concerns of photovoltaic (PV) systems. These concerns include firefighter vulnerability to electrical and casualty hazards when mitigating a fire involving photovoltaic (PV) modules systems. The need for this project is significant acknowledging the increasing use of photovoltaic systems, growing at a rate of 30% annually. As a result of greater utilization, traditional firefighter tactics for suppression, ventilation and overhaul have been complicated, leaving firefighters vulnerable to potentially unrecognized exposure. Though the electrical and fire hazards associated with electrical generation and distribution systems is well known, PV systems present unique safety considerations. A very limited body of knowledge and insufficient data exists to understand the risks to the extent that the fire service has been unable to develop safety solutions and respond in a safe manner. This fire research project developed the empirical data that is needed to quantify the hazards associated with PV installations. This data provides the foundation to modify current or develop new firefighting practices to reduce firefighter death and injury. A functioning PV array was constructed at Underwriters Laboratories in Northbrook, IL to serve as a test fixture. The main test array consisted of 26 PV framed modules rated 230 W each (5980 W total rated power). Multiple experiments were conducted to investigate the efficacy of power isolation techniques and the potential hazard from contact of typical firefighter tools with live electrical PV components. Existing fire test fixtures located at the Delaware County Emergency Services Training Center were modified to construct full scale representations of roof mounted PV systems. PV arrays were mounted above Class A roofs supported by wood trusses. Two series of experiments were conducted. The first series represented a room of content fire, extending into the attic space, breaching the roof and resulting in structural collapse. Three PV technologies were subjected to this fire condition – rack mounted metal framed, glass on polymer modules, building integrated PV shingles, and a flexible laminate attached to a standing metal seam roof. A second series of experiments was conducted on the metal frame technology. These experiments represented two fire scenarios, a room of content fire venting from a window and the ignition of debris accumulation under the array. The results of these experiments provide a technical basis for the fire service to examine their equipment, tactics, standard operating procedures and training content. Several tactical considerations were developed utilizing the data from the experiments to provide specific examples of potential electrical shock hazard from PV installations during and after a fire event.
7
Kerber, Steve. Study of the Effectiveness of Fire Service Vertical Ventilation and Suppression Tactics in Single Family Homes. UL Firefighter Safety Research Institute, June 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.54206/102376/iwzc6477.
Abstract:
Under the United States Department of Homeland Security (DHS) Assistance to Firefighter Grant Program, Underwriters Laboratories examined fire service ventilation and suppression practices as well as the impact of changes in modern house geometries. There has been a steady change in the residential fire environment over the past several decades. These changes include larger homes, more open floor plans and volumes, and increased synthetic fuel loads. This investigation examined the influence of these changes to the fire behavior and subsequent impact on firefighter tactics relative to horizontal and vertical ventilation and suppression. It is anticipated that the results of this investigation will be incorporated into improved firefighting tactics and decision making to reduce firefighter injuries and fatalities. Vertical ventilation has been used successfully but also resulted in firefighter fatalities in the past, as it is not easily coordinated with suppression and other fire ground tasks such as horizontal ventilation. It is not straightforward for firefighters to train on the effects of vertical ventilation since fire service training structures and props do not allow for ventilation-limited fire conditions with representative fuel loads and floor plans that will be encountered on the fire ground. Thus, guidance on the effectiveness of vertical ventilation comes from experience gained during real incidents, but under many different fire ground conditions. This has made it difficult to develop comprehensive guidance on the coordination of vertical ventilation with other firefighter tactics, and how these tactics may influence the fire dynamics in the burning home. The purpose of this study was to improve the understanding of the fire dynamics associated with the use of vertical ventilation so that it may be more effectively deployed on the fire ground. Two houses were constructed in the large fire facility of Underwriters Laboratories in Northbrook, IL. The first house was a one-story house (1200 ft, three bedrooms, one bathroom) with a total of 8 rooms. The second house was a two-story house (3200 ft, four bedrooms, two and a half bathrooms) with a total of 12 rooms. The second house featured a modern open floor plan, two-story great room and open foyer. A total of seventeen experiments were conducted varying the ventilation locations and the number of ventilation openings. Ventilation scenarios included ventilating the front door and a window near the seat of the fire (with modern and legacy furnishings) to link to the previous research on horizontal ventilation, opening the front door and ventilating over the fire and remote from the fire. Additional experiments examined controlling the front door, making different sized ventilation holes in the roof and the impact of exterior hose streams. The results from the experiments led to identification of tactical considerations for the fire service to integrate into their education and fire ground strategies and tactics where applicable.
8
Community-based AIDS Prevention and Care in Africa: Results of four action-research interventions in East and Southern Africa. Population Council, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/hiv1998.1000.
Abstract:
The Community Counseling Aides (CCA) project operating with support from the National AIDS Control Programme (NACP) in Uganda, is a government initiative being carried out in collaboration with local communities. As the Ministry of Health seeks to develop local capacity to support and operate these efforts at the community level, it has identified the need to improve the skills of local project staff so that they may begin to assume the responsibility for monitoring and evaluating their own program performance. This is part of an overall strategy on the part of the Ugandan Government to decentralize control and allocation of resources within the health sector to the local level. The CCA project’s experience in carrying out the four interventions described in this report goes beyond validating what people are doing at the local level. It provides evidence of how much more effective grassroots organizations can be in carrying out their work if provided with simple but appropriate forms of technical assistance. Modest investments of time, expertise, and financial support, executed in a participatory fashion, can yield generous returns.