Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Assets (accounting)'
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1
Ovsyuk, Nina Vasylivna, and Elizabeth Gennadyevna Mazurkevich. "Problems of accounting fixed assets." Thesis, National Aviation University, 2021. https://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/53928.
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1. National Regulation (standard) of accounting 7 "Fixed assets": Order of the Ministry of Finance of Ukraine dated 27.04.2000 № 92. URL: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/ show/z0288-00#Text.
2. Valinkevich N.V., Bobrova S.V. Directions for improving the strategy of reproduction of fixed assets of enterprises. Bulletin of ZhSTU Economic Sciences. 2011. №2 (56). P. 13-16Problems of accounting for fixed assets in market conditions have been identified. The role of fixed assets in ensuring the effective functioning of the business entity is outlined. The basic principles of the organization of the system of use of fixed assets are formulated.
Визначені проблеми обліку основних засобів в ринкових умовах господарювання. Окреслена роль основних засобів у забезпеченні ефективного функціонування суб’єкта господарювання. Сформульовані основні принципи організації системи використання основних засобів.
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Hryhorevska, O., and V. Babich. "Accounting software repair of fixed assets." Thesis, Київський національний університет технологій та дизайну, 2017. https://er.knutd.edu.ua/handle/123456789/7088.
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Wyatt, Anne. "Financial analysts and intangible assets." Melbourne, Vic. : University of Melbourne, Dept. of Accounting and Business Information Systems, 2002. http://wff2.ecom.unimelb.edu.au/accwww/research/papers/0204%20AWyatt&JWong.pdf.
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"June 2002" Includes bibliographical references: (p. 30-35). The papers examines the association between the transparency of corporate financial reporting on intangible assets relative to a proxy for total intangible assets, and analyst incentives to follow firms and properties of analysts' earnings forecasts - controlling for endogeneity among these factors. More transparent financial reporting on intangible assets is measured by higher recognition of intangible assets on the balance sheet relative to a proxy variable for total (underlying) intangible assets, market value added which equals equity market value minus book value with intangible assets subtracted. The results suggest (1) a reputation for transparent financial reporting on intangible assets is associated with increased demand for analyst research and thus analyst following incentives; and (2) a reputation for less transparent reporting on intangible assets is associated with higher forecast dispersion and errors due to analysts' greater reliance on their own private information. The study extends research on determinants of analyst following, forecast dispersion and accuracy, and research on the impact of public disclosure on private information acquisition activity.
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Litvinenko, A. L. "Accounting Peculiarities of Intangible Assest at the Enterprise." Thesis, Київський національний університет технологій та дизайну, 2017. https://er.knutd.edu.ua/handle/123456789/7769.
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Dzhuglya, А., and O. Hryhorevska. "Depreciation - power play fixed assets: an accounting aspect." Thesis, КНУТД, 2016. https://er.knutd.edu.ua/handle/123456789/2246.
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Guilding, Christopher J. "Valuing and managing brands : an internal accounting perspective : an empirical investigation of attitudes to internal brand valuation and organisational and behavioural implications associated with the way that the internal brand management accounting system is operated." Thesis, University of Bradford, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/3842.
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This thesis is concerned with accounting for the brand management function. Two distinct perspectives are taken: the first derives from aspects of organisational and behavioural accounting research, and the second concerns organisational implications of brand valuation. Both perspectives were initially approached by means of exploratory interviews and a literature review. Hypotheses pertaining to the first perspective were analysed via survey data collected in nine strongly-branded, fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG) companies. Propositions concerned with the implications of brand valuation were developed and used as the basis for measuring attitudes to brand valuation. A questionnaire concerned with brand valuation attitudes was administered to senior-ranking officials in strongly-branded, FMCG companies. The final methodological phase, for both perspectives, involved a case study conducted in a strongly-branded, FMCG company. Significant findings arising from this study include: 1) Managers who see their company as being short-termist, hold more positive attitudes to brand valuation. 2) Marketing-orientated managers are more favourably disposed to brand valuation than accounting-orientated managers. 3) Organisational benefits arising from brand valuation are more strategically, than operationally, orientated. 4) Brand manager budget participation is significantly negatively-related to job-related tension, and positivelyrelated to trust in superior and attitude to reliance on accounting performance measures. 5) Budget participation is more effective in reducing jobrelated tension in situations of high, compared to low, task uncertainty situations. 6) Reliance on a brand manager's accounting performance is positively related to brand manager performance and motivation, and negatively associated with job-related tension.
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Simin, Timothy T. "The poor predictive performance of asset pricing models /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/8823.
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Fourie, Helena Sophia. "Contentious issues in accounting for intangible assets / Helena Fourie." Thesis, North-West University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/992.
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Intangible assets have always been a prevailing concept within the economic milieu and
hence in the accounting domain, but it has not been a prominent aspect, or even
regarded as an asset, since the emphasis in the economic environment was invariably
cast on property, production facilities and equipment.
Economic development and progress over the last +I- 30 years have plunged the issue
of intangible assets into the limelight and it has now become a bone of contention in the
doings of the financial accounting operating arena.
One has to look closely at the driving forces of the current economic environment to
grasp the newfound impetus that brought the issue to the fore. The economic
playground of the new millennium has all sorts of toys to toss around, such as
information, innovation, services and relationships. The common denominator among
these driving forces lies in its intangibility.
Users of accounting tools have stumbled across a significant dilemma by raising their
disquietude about the relevancy of financial statements where intangible assets are
concerned. There are resounding claims that intangible assets are not exhibited
accurately in the financial statements of companies.
The general objective of the research project has been to single out certain aspects
concerning the topic of intangible assets and to assert how the accounting fraternity is
dealing with the situation at hand.
The study embraced the following aspects:
*A literature study;
*Empirical research by means of a structured questionnaire that gathered data
about certain identified aspects of intangible assets and measuring how it is
handled by the respondents in the marketplace; and
*Telephonic interviews with key banking officers in the bank sector in South
Africa.
The findings of the questionnaires were used to flag crucial aspects of intangible assets
and to identify the ensuing approach needed to handle intangible assets within the
accounting body of knowledge. The results have shown that the recognition of and
reliably measuring intangible assets have become a dilemma that is, in all probability,
here to stay for a while to come. Users that responded in the empirical study clearly
indicated that the reliable measurement of intangible assets outweighs the relevancy of
information about intangible assets.
On the strength of the results of this study, by word of the users of financial statements,
the recommendation is posed that relevant, additional information regarding intangible
assets should be attached to the financial statements, or that additional notes should be
provided.
Moreover, a supplemental recommendation entails that the classification and the
recognition criteria of accounting standards should be revisited in order to establish
clearer guidelines for the identification and recognition of intangible assets.Thesis (M.Comm. (Accounting))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2006.
9
Carvalho, Francisco Albino de. "What is the best accounting method for financial assets?" Master's thesis, NSBE - UNL, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/9592.
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A Work Project, presented as part of the requirements for the Award of a Masters Degree in Finance from the NOVA – School of Business and EconomicsThe possibility to fulfill the lack of studies comparing methods for financial assets accounting at fair value in terms of value relevance for investors is the main contribution of this research. Such contribution is emphasized by the importance of assessing how well accounting amounts reflect information used by investors. This study compares available for sale financial assets with financial assets at fair value through profit or loss in terms of value relevance for investors. The results evidence that although accounting differently both methods provide equally strong explanatory power of security prices which favors fair value accounting.
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Cruces, Juan José. "Essays on asset pricing in emerging markets /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/7506.
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Mtayisi, Nobuntu Rebecca. "The efficiency of budgeting for procurement of movable non-current assets in the absence of sound asset management." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/19651.
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Movable non-current assets are physical and mobile assets that a municipality uses to provide services to the community directly or indirectly. Therefore, effective movable non-current asset management is necessary to ensure that these assets provide value to both the municipality and the community. This study seeks to determine whether poor asset management negatively affects capital budgeting for procurement of movable non-current assets. Mbhashe Local Municipality, a Category B municipality in the Eastern Cape Province was selected for the study. A desktop research method was utilised for this study. The analysis of secondary data includes policy documents (such as National Treasury asset management guidelines and Mbhashe budgeting policy), books, journals, internet data, newspapers and research documents in order to determine asset management guidelines and budgeting theories by noteworthy scholars. Auditor General South Africa (AGSA) and State of Local Government Finance reports were also analysed to establish the current practice and impact of the role of the municipal management in its finances as well as budget spending patterns at Mbhashe Local Municipality. The results of the study revealed that Mbhashe Local Municipality’s non-compliance with asset management and budgeting policies and procedures throughout the period of the study negatively affected their capital budgeting decisions. The consequences of instability in leadership and lack of approved movable non-current asset management policy resulted in partial asset information, incorrect recording and accounting systems for assets and unauthorised disposal of strategic movable non-current assets. Although, an approved budget policy existed at Mbhashe Local Municipality, the budgetary information was unrealistic because of negligence such as: lack of public participation, consultation and alignment of the Integrated Development Plan (IDP) with the municipality’s objectives. This resulted in habitual under-spending of capital assets compared to the capital budget throughout the period of the study.
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Ruhupatty, Leroy. "The value relevance and reliability of information provided with respect to non-current assets under Australian GAAP /." Connect to this title, 2007. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2008.0031.
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Casill, Paula. "Reliability vs. relevance : the conflict in accounting for intangible assets /." Staten Island, N.Y. : [s.n.], 2004. http://library.wagner.edu/theses/business/2004/thesis_bus_2004_casil_relia.pdf.
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Johnson, Lorne D. "Essays in empirical asset pricing /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/7457.
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Shovtenko, О. V. "The Depreciation of Fixed Assets in the Context of Legislative Changes." Thesis, Київський національний університет технологій та дизайну, 2017. https://er.knutd.edu.ua/handle/123456789/7764.
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Doyle, James Lawrence. "Accounting for infrastructural assets : perspectives from within New Zealand local government." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Accountancy, Finance and Information Systems, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/10428.
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There is no generally accepted accounting practice for infrastructural assets with respect to either their definition or how to account for them. Renewal accounting is an alternative to the generally accepted basis of accounting for fixed assets-traditional depreciation. It assumes that infrastructural networks have indefinite useful lives. Expenditure on maintenance is expensed and no depreciation is charged, provided the network's service potential is maintained. This thesis examines recent developments in accounting for infrastructural assets in New Zealand local government. A survey, comprising 18 senior managers from within 12local authorities, was undertaken with the aim of ascertaining accounting practices and gaining their views on key issues identified from the literature. The survey found that local government managers perceive asset management planning to be very important. Consequently, there is a concerted effort toward collecting information on infrastructural assets and developing asset management plans (AMPs). Developments in these areas will improve both the reliability of information for internal management purposes and for general purpose financial reporting, whether under renewal accounting or traditional depreciation.
It is concluded from the study that infrastructural assets should be defined as a conceptually distinct group which have the characteristics of networks with indefinite useful lives. The study also revealed that renewal accounting has widespread acceptance within New Zealand local government and is, arguably, the preferred alternative for infrastructural assets. This is because it contributes to better asset management; it makes maintenance and deferred maintenance on infrastructure transparent; and it supports the democratic process, where levels of service in AMPs are agreed in consultation with the public.
Following the direction suggested by the interviewees' views canvassed in this thesis, the next stage requires the development of a financial reporting standard which addresses renewal accounting and the circumstances under which it should be applied.
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Babinec, Matúš. "Harmonization of Accounting Treatment of Property, Plant, Equipment and Intangible Assets." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-4248.
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The globalization of world economy has inevitably affected also the movements in harmonization process of accounting standards around the world. International Financial Reporting Standards have become the ultimate accounting and reporting tool of most developed countries. The only remaining counterpart -- the US GAAP, is slowly subsiding to the enormous spread momentum that IFRS gained in recent years. In this setting I examine the application of International standards on accounting treatment of Property, Plant and Equipment, and also the Intangible Assets. Subsequently I compare this treatment to US GAAP and document all major differences still persistent at the end of year 2008. Considering that there are still many divergences between the two sets of standards, I try to document their impact on the reporting and presentation of financial statements of several blue chip companies. My analysis suggests that differences in reported numbers depending on standards chosen can distort comparability of financial statements and performance assessment, thus potentially biasing the decision making process of involved stakeholders.
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Akhlaque, Saba, and Elie Flouti. "Accounting in Football : A Study on the Human resource accounting of football players in Allsvenskan." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-317294.
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Human resource accounting has grown in importance over the past few years as organizations that heavily rely on their labour force and their skills seek to account for them as assets to reflect their output. Football clubs fall into that category as players are vital for the success of the team. Accounting regulations such as the UEFA financial fair play exist in order to help football clubs account for their players as intangible assets on their balance sheets. However, there are uncertainties over the effectiveness of existing regulations as youth players and Bosman players for example are exempted and there are difficulties in specifying what it is that players account for. The authors study 4 clubs that compete in Allsvenskan as well as UEFA competitions in order to determine if Swedish teams present a fair and true value of their human resources. The authors find that despite the fact that balance sheets show a great degree of consistency between clubs and all meet minimum requirements set by ruling bodies, financial reporting in football still has some way to go in order to fully reflect the true value of players.
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Wilson, Amanda. "No Accounting for Taste: Luxury Counterfeiting in Today's Retail Industry." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2017. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1533.
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The counterfeiting industry continues to grow worldwide, valued today at $461 billion according to the Global IP Center’s 2016 Report. This proliferation of counterfeiting has permeated many industries, but poses a unique threat to the luxury retail sector. Many factors have precipitated the expansion of this industry: expanded trade and manufacturing networks, enhanced technology, the rise of e-commerce, the globalization of trade, and others. Long viewed as a necessary evil in the luxury business, this booming counterfeit industry threatens retailers and governments alike. For individual retailers, counterfeiting deprives them of revenues, increases anti-counterfeiting expenses, devalues the brand, and disincentivizes growth and innovation. As a result, governments suffer slowed economic growth, higher unemployment and decreased tax revenues. Despite the economic and accounting consequences of luxury counterfeiting, steps can be taken to mitigate its impact. Legislation that defines and protects intellectual property rights, brand enforcement tools, supply chain management, public and private sector partnerships, authentication technology and consumer education present opportunities for building a strong anti-counterfeiting strategy.
My research examines the luxury counterfeiting industry from its origins, investigating its history and the reasons for its rise in current global conditions. Taking an accounting-based perspective, I address both the ramifications of the luxury counterfeiting industry and propose strategies to combat it. Curtailing the expansion of this lucrative, black-market industry will be difficult and costly for luxury retailers and governments alike, but given the growing threat it poses around the world, it is in their best interest to pursue some of these proposed strategies.
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Filippelli, Candace L. "Intangibles: The Most Valuable Unrecorded Asset." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2013. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/749.
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This thesis proves that intangible assets are impossible to accurately value because of their inherently complex attributes. Intangibles have always existed in the market, but their presence has nearly quadrupled in the last few decades due to the Information Revolution. This technological breakthrough was characterized by the globalization of knowledge, communication, and trade. This dissemination of knowledge due to the infrastructural changes of both the telecommunication and transportation industries transformed the economy from a ‘product-driven’ market to a ‘knowledge-driven’ market. This surge in intangible assets is significant because it proves that “knowledge-driven” elements are now material to company value. As such, accurate measurement of intangible assets is essential to preserving the reliability of financial statements. Current accounting practices largely ignore the value created by intangible asset and this has serious consequences for investors, firms, and the economy as a whole. Insufficient accounting of intangible assets distorts company value, increases the cost of capital, and compromises the reliability of financial statements. While it is utterly impossible to create accounting standards that will, without fail, accurately measure all intangible assets as well as take into account their lifespans, volatility, increasing economies of scale, partial excludability, and lack of tradability, this thesis proposes a way to help mitigate the disparity between what financial statements recognize and what companies actually generate.
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De, Sanjay. "Happiness and monetary factors." Diss., Connect to the thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10066/1445.
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Cunningham, James K. (James Kenneth). "A Canadian study of admissible monetary asset groupings using nonparametric demand analysis." Thesis, McGill University, 1994. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=22577.
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Structural change and innovation in the market for financial services in recent years have drawn attention to the fact that traditional definitions of money as included in demand for money models and monetary aggregation measures may be misspecified. It is unclear whether or to what extent broader measures of money should be used as targets in monetary policy or as indicators of changes in the real economy. This thesis is a nonparametric empirical test of monetary asset, leisure and consumption good data which seeks to examine whether the underlying structure of preferences implied by monetary aggregation can be said to be justified. Using recent software routines, we test Canadian data for the years 1968-I to 1989-IV in order to determine whether it meets the criteria for utility maximization and for a structure of preferences represented by weak separability. We find that only a narrow grouping of monetary assets meets these requirements. Further, we conclude that many other studies in the literature which have merely assumed weak separability have been misspecified.
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Sarkissian, Sergei. "Heterogeneous consumption and asset pricing in global financial markets /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/8722.
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Gomes, Diana Monteiro. "Value relevance of financial assets." Master's thesis, NSBE - UNL, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/9481.
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A Work Project, presented as part of the requirements for the Award of a Masters Degree in Finance from the NOVA – School of Business and EconomicsThis study’s proposal is to examine for the Portuguese market, the value relevance of unrealized fair value gains and losses of financial assets, namely for financial instruments at fair value through profit and loss (which includes held-for-trading securities) and for available-for-sale financial assets. The objective is to obtain a perception of how well stock prices and returns reflect the fair value changes of these two financial assets. For a sample of Portuguese listed companies in a 2005-2007 period, no significant evidence is found regarding the value relevance of both cumulative and incremental unrealized fair value gains and losses associated to the two analyzed financial instruments. Several underlying factors for these results are presented, based on prior research.
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Lopez, Robert A. "Tax-effect accounting in Australia : the nature and treatment of the provision for deferred income tax." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 1994. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1091.
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Tax-effect accounting has been controversy since its origin in allocation has generally been adopted the subject in the 1940s. Tax across the English speaking world, even though underlying basic issues have not been resolved. A review of the literature shows that issues such as: whether income tax is an expense; whether the provision for deferred income tax is a liability and whether the provision for future income tax benefit is an asset have not been resolved because of differing opinions as to what is an expense, liability or an asset. The development of a conceptual framework in Australia, which provides definitions of revenues, expenses, assets and liabilities, has provided an opportunity to reexamine some of the unresolved issues mentioned above. Since the conceptual framework, in SAC 4, defines an expense in terms of whether it increases a liability or reduces an asset the re-examination was directed at ascertaining whether the provision for deferred income tax satisfies the definition and recognition criteria for a liability. The results were inconclusive. However, it was possible to conclude that the provision for deferred income tax does not readily satisfy the criteria in SAC 4. An empirical investigation was then undertaken to ascertain whether selected user groups treat the provision for deferred income tax as a liability. The investigation surveyed investment houses, company secretaries, auditors and the parties to trust deeds. Evidence gathered suggest that investment houses and company secretaries treat the provision for deferred income tax all a liability. Auditors appear to regard the provision for income tax as a deferred credit; not a liability. No evidence was found that the parties to trust deeds treat the provision for deferred income tax In a systematic way. It is concluded that the parties to trust deeds do not consider the nature of the provision for deferred income tax when negotiating borrowing limitation ratio. It is hoped that the finding of this investigation will be highly relevant to any review of the standards on tax-effect accounting in Australia.
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Ruhupatty, Leroy. "The value relevance and reliability of information provided with respect to non-current assets under Australian GAAP." UWA Business School, 2008. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2008.0031.
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[Truncated abstract] Following the introduction in 1999 of Australian Accounting Standard Board (AASB) 1041: 'Revaluations of Non-Current Assets' (Australian Accounting Standards Board 2001a), this study set out to examine the impact of the introduction of this new standard on: the number (percentage) of Australian firms revaluing various classes and submajor classes of non-current assets; and the value relevance and reliability of the information provided with respect to various sub-major classes of non-current assets. The study also set out to examine the apparent motivations for Australian companies electing the fair value (FV) basis, rather than the historic cost (HC) basis, for reporting property, plant and equipment (PP&E). The sample analysed in this study consisted of Australian Stock Exchange (ASX) listed firms that were included in each of the Connect4, Aspect Financial and Core Research Data (CRD) databases. After excluding firms not covered by all three databases and firms where there were missing data problems, 398 and 424 firms were left in the 1999 and 2002 samples, respectively. Of the 398 and 424 firms, there were 194 firms that were common to both sample periods and a separate analysis of these 'common' firms allowed a 'like-for-like' comparison to be made. The financial year ending June 30, 1999 provides data under the previous standard AASB 1010 (Australian Accounting Standards Board 2000) before the introduction of AASB 1041, while the financial year ending 30 June 2002 provides data under AASB 1041 (the new standard). ... At the disaggregated level (that is, for various sub-major classes of non-current assets), it appears that there was a decline in the number (percentage) of firms choosing to revalue investment property, property, and plant and equipment, while there was no change in the number (percentage) of firms choosing to revalue listed or unlisted investments. It appears that AASB 1041's requirement to revalue frequently when the FV basis was adopted discouraged firms from choosing the FV basis for some asset classes, presumably because the costs associated with frequent revaluations outweighed the perceived benefits. In terms of value relevance, the results suggest that where the variables of interest are scaled there was no improvement in the value relevance of the information provided by Australian companies following the introduction of AASB 1041. However, the results from the unscaled regressions do not support this conclusion and instead suggest that the introduction of AASB 1041 was associated with an overall improvement in the value relevance of the information provided with respect to the various sub-major classes of non-current assets investigated in this study. Resolution of this conflicting result is beyond the scope of this dissertation and is an issue worthy of future research. In terms of reliability, the results suggest that the introduction of AASB 1041 was generally associated with: an improvement in the reliability of information reported with respect to non-current assets reported at FV; and a deterioration in the reliability of information reported with respect to non-current assets reported at HC. Finally, with respect to the potential motivations behind a company's choice of the FV basis for reporting PP&E, the results suggest that firms are motivated to revalue PP&E to: improve their borrowing capacity; for signalling purposes; and to reduce information asymmetry.
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Miarons, Blanco Meritxell. "Historical cost versus fair value of biological assets: Relevance of accounting information." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/667858.
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This study develops a bibliometric and empirical analysis of the relevance of accounting information when biological assets are measured at fair value versus at historical cost, using an international sample of firms with biological assets.
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Williams, Sarah J., and mikewood@deakin edu au. "The Definition and quantification of assets." Deakin University, 1995. http://tux.lib.deakin.edu.au./adt-VDU/public/adt-VDU20050915.142446.
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The word asset was originally taken into the English language, from the Latin ad satis and French asez, as a term used at law meaning sufficient estate or effects to discharge debts. It later came to be used in the sense of property available for the payment of debts. Assets were understood to be property (objects owned and rights of ownership) that could be exchanged for cash. The importance of factual knowledge of the money equivalents of property and debts, in managing mercantile affairs, was emphasised in accounting manuals during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. The rights of investors and creditors to factual up-to-date information about the financial state of affairs of companies, given the advent of limited liability, underscored the early company legislation that required the preparation and auditing of statements of property and debts. During the latter part of the nineteenth century the emphasis in accounting moved away from assets as exchangeable property to assets as deferred costs. Expectations took the place of observables. The abstract (expectational) notion of assets as future economic benefits was embraced by accountants in the absence of rigorous definitions of the elements and functions of dated statements of financial position and performance. Assets are quantified financially by a heterogeneous mass of potentially inconsistent rules that, by and large, have no regard for the empirical nature of measurement. Consequently, accountants have failed to provide the community with up-to-date factual information about the financial state of affairs and performance of business entities - and, hence, with an informative basis for financial action.
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Almásy, Michael. "Accounting and economics: Influence of accounting methods on economic indicators." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-72865.
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The way the economic reality is observed is essential in order to determine decision-making of economic subjects. The picture of economic reality drawn by accounting can be said to be either the true and fair, or biased. If the latter is the case, how much does that bias translate into the quality of economic decision-making? In summary, the paper analyzes whether accounting should provide the fair and true view whether it does, and how it affects the economic behavior when it does not on both micro-economic and macro-economic level. The arguments are built up on a logical structure rather taking a broader multidisciplinary approach to answer the previously stated questions.
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Плікус, Ірина Йосипівна, Ирина Иосифовна Пликус, Iryna Yosypivna Plikus, and В. В. Вакарчук. "Forensic accounting нематеріальних активів." Thesis, НО «Перспектива», 2015. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/42770.
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Розкрита сутність судово-бухгалтерської експертизи нематеріальних активів.Раскрыто экономическое содержание судебно-бухгалтерской экспертизы.
Prestavleny approaches to forensic accounting expertise intangible assets.
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Su, Youjin. "Liquidity and asset pricing." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2013. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=211117.
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This thesis is an empirical analysis which is focussed on the potential relationship between liquidity and asset pricing; where its key objective is to provide an assessment about the role for liquidity in asset pricing models. The data sample covers the United Kingdom from 1987 to 2009 and the methodological approaches include; Fama and MacBeth (1973) cross section regressions; time series regression analysis; factor analysis; and, non-nested testing. Several liquidity measures are compared, including the Amivest, the Hui-Heubel and the Amihud measures of liquidity. The role of unexpected liquidity and monetary policy is also considered. Building on earlier findings in the thesis, a deeper examination of the role of liquidity in explicit asset pricing frameworks, such as the capital asset pricing model and the Fama-French three factor model, then takes place through incorporation of the Hui- Heubel and Amihud measures of liquidity. Overall, the results suggest that conditions of declining liquidity (rising illiquidity) appear to be associated with increasing risk premia. This observation appears also to apply when portfolios are sorted by size. Finally, the conclusion is reached that modelling liquidity within an asset pricing framework is likely to be very useful, particularly given the changes to the financial market horizon where liquidity as a concept has come increasingly to the fore because of current government policies associated with quantitative easing.
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Sundqvist, Ellinor, and Piia Hyytiä. "Accounting for Cryptocurrencies - A Nightmare for Accountants." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Företagsekonomi, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-161099.
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Cryptocurrencies are a phenomenon which has appeared more and more during the last years and is widely used by both individuals and entities. Their technological features have intrigued many, resulting in a significant growth of the number of cryptocurrencies available and an increased amount of areas of usage. More and more businesses have started using cryptocurrencies for example for investment purposes or accepting them as a means of payment. This has resulted in an urgent need of guidance from accounting standard setters to regulate how they are treated in financial statements. The result of the lack of such guidance has led to a variety of accounting treatments used in practice which have created significant challenges for preparers of financial statements. Up until recently the guidance for preparers of financial statements consisted of reports issued by the big accounting firms and recommendations from local regulatory accounting bodies. The lack of literature together with the possible consequences for the marketplace has resulted in an urgent need of guidance to avoid a patchwork of accounting treatments in the market. Furthermore, these challenges may result in possibilities of conducting earnings management or an increased information asymmetry between stakeholders and entities. The purpose of this study is to understand and discuss the practical accounting issues and challenges related to cryptocurrencies for preparers of financial statements. The research is based on four broad themes which seek to assist the purpose by including several perspectives to the issues and challenges faced. The themes that the research is divided into are assets, revenues, disclosures and risk factors associated with cryptocurrencies. Based on these four themes the research question this research aims at answering is: “What are the practical accounting issues and challenges for the preparers of financial statements related to cryptocurrencies?” The empirical findings of this research suggest that there are many challenges which need to be resolved when it comes to accounting for cryptocurrencies. There are issues present in all four themes, but the main challenges which were identified revolved around asset classification, valuation, disclosures and risk factors. Furthermore, based on the empirical findings it is evident that the knowledge of practitioners is of a more practical nature while literature is more based on specific standards and paragraphs which can be applied. However, this research provides practical contributions to existing literature and includes aspects of risk consequences for accounting and financial markets at large. It is concluded that more accounting guidance is needed for cryptocurrencies to increase the usefulness of financial information and to reduce possibilities of earnings management which occur because of divergent accounting treatments.
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Wickerath, Susanne. "Definitions of an intangible asset : in context with HGB, IFRS and US-GAAP." Thesis, University of Skövde, School of Technology and Society, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-2257.
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This Bachelor thesis deals with the definition of Intangible Assets in the context of
financial reporting. The purpose is to integrate intangible assets into the balance
sheet. After a thorough analysis of the ongoing research shows that there is general
consensus concerning intellectual property, and general confusion concerning
knowledge, information and organization capital. Some have what it takes to enter
balance sheets, while others still lack a holistic concept that is generally accepted
and fulfils the demand of accounting. Neither of them is reported according to the
presently available and established knowledge. This thesis shows that a prerequisite
for an improved reporting is the consequential extension of accounting principles for
intangible assets. The fact that the term “intangible asset” became a gathering of all
possible intangible phenomena demands counter-actions. One of its reasons is the
demand for the measurement of relative performances of intangible assets. This
thesis shows that reporting absolute figures for intangible assets does not stand in
contrast with this, but can deliver the necessary data set for a holistic analysis that
also deals with intangible assets.
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Yates, Elizabeth. "Winding up and insolvency of charities : including rescue mechanisms." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.366404.
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This study aims broadly to explore the legal and practical problems of winding up and insolvency for charities that are, or ought to be, registered with the Charity Commissioners for England and Wales and to explore possible 'rescue mechanisms.' It seeks to identify common underlying factors or trends associated with charities becoming insolvent or being wound up. The methodology consisted of book work and practical research in which a detailed study was made of 130 charitable companies and the experiences of legal and accountancy practitioners were sought. Twenty case studies were put together from information provided by the practitioners and from the author's own experience. The areas of legal complexity explored include problems associated with land and endowments, and the augmentation principle in respect of bequests to a corporate charity that has been dissolved. Some issues such as property holding and personal liability are more complex in an unincorporated association. Practical difficulties such as disputes between trustees, between staff and trustees, or between members are significant as are the legal and practical complexities associated with the contract culture. Charities represent an important sector of the economy, collectively being worth £19.7bn in 1998, and their success or failure is of public concern. The research indicates that charities are affected by societal changes, legislative change and changes in the attitudes of beneficiaries. Their dissolution or winding up is often a result of a combination of factors, both internal and external and service providing charities appear to be particularly vulnerable. The quality, cost, and availability of professional advice is considered. It is suggested that the role of local intermediary bodies could be enhanced and that a means be found for accrediting the competence of charity advisors, whether professional or lay.
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Dickinson, J. Barry Anderson Rolph E. "The role of business process capabilities and market-based assets in creating customer value and superior performance /." Philadelphia, Pa. : Drexel University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1860/2995.
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Dupree, Lee. "Valuation Strategies for Small Businesses' Intangible Assets." ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/7135.
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Small business owners who attempt to sell their businesses may not receive full value if they do not adequately value their intangible assets. The purpose of this multiple case study was to explore effective strategies business leaders used to value intangible assets when considering the sale of their businesses. The participants for this study were 5 business owners in a metropolitan area in the southeastern United States who had successful valuation experiences during the sale of their businesses. Data were collected through semistructured interviews with participants, methodological triangulation, observations, and review of company documents. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis, coding narrative segments, and reviewing secondary data. The themes that emerged from data analysis include collecting and using company data concerning intangible assets; hiring a reputable accounting firm to assist in valuation; understanding the values of brand, customer base, and goodwill; and choosing the appropriate asset valuation approach. To accurately value the intangible assets of their businesses, the most significant and recurring theme in the participants' responses was the need for assistance from a reputable accounting firm. The implications of this study for positive social change include the potential to enhance the economic investment in local areas where business owners appropriately value intangible assets.
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Zhang, Yinglei. "Net operating assets as a predictor for future stock returns an industry analysis /." Connect to this title online, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1116992225.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2005.Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains xi, 119 p.; also includes graphics (some col.) Includes bibliographical references (p. 112-119). Available online via OhioLINK's ETD Center
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Kolyanovskaya, V. O. "Standard Providing the Property, Plant and Equipment in Budgetary Institutions." Thesis, Київський національний університет технологій та дизайну, 2017. https://er.knutd.edu.ua/handle/123456789/7781.
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El, Tawy Nevine Abdel Halim. "A grounded theory analysis of the pre-measurement phase for the accounting recognition of assets." Thesis, Brunel University, 2010. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/7685.
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This thesis induces a theory for the pre-measurement phase of the asset recognition process in the financial reporting domain centred upon the use of the induced artefact-based asset recognition criteria which are applicable to all assets. In common with standard-setting bodies, such as the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB), I adopt a social constructionist stance (Miller, 1994). It is one that is constructed from a process of consultation. I consult in order to, first, explore the accounting asset recognition process from a conceptual point of view and, second, so that my social construction in that regard can be legitimised, for the most part, on the basis of a consensus of those consulted. However, unlike the standard setters‘ regulatory process, my analysis is structured using a grounded theory approach. The target audience comprises those experts who have been and/or who are currently involved in some way with the development of the IASB‘s conceptual framework (CF) project, including IASB board members. Different data collection methods were adopted combing both qualitative and quantitative data. In respect of the qualitative research, I carried out two sets of interviews. The first set was conducted with Canadian Accounting Standards Board members in May 2008 and International Accounting Standard Board members in June, 2008. The second set was conducted with more International Accounting Standard Board members, UK-Accounting Standard Baord members and other experts within the area being studied. These two sets of interviews were useful for determining the preliminary concepts and categories in the open coding and axial coding structure. In respect of the quantitative research, the concepts and categories raised from the first two sets of interviews were then used to construct an on line questionnaire. The questionnaires were emailed to national standard setters in Canada, the USA, Australia, Germany and the United Kingdom. This has been followed up with an interview with UK ASB director to help in finalising the theory saturation and to validate the reliability of the generated theory. The generated theory demonstrates a three-circled set of criteria for the pre-measurement phase of an asset recognition process. The three-circled set of asset recognition criteria presented in this thesis breaks free from the narrow definitional and rule based perspective of accounting epistemology to offer an alternative view based on the recognition of artefacts.
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Ong, Audra Wei Ming. "Accounting for intangible assets in the food, drink and media industries in the UK." Thesis, University of the West of England, Bristol, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.322430.
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Danielsson, Andreas, and Fredrik Lindblad. "Unreliable Accoutning of Intangible Assets in a Digital Era : A study on the association between reliability and value relevance of intangible assets." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för ekonomistyrning och logistik (ELO), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-105460.
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Background: The purpose of accounting and financial reporting is to provide useful information for its users in their decision-making. The importance of intangible assets for companies in the modern digital economy has led to debates concerning how it should be presented in accounting. As of today, the relevance and reliability of intangible assets can be questioned since large values of intangibles are left out of accounting and financial reports. Purpose: The aim of the study is to investigate the association between reliability and value relevance of intangible assets. Method: Using the Feltham and Ohlson (1995) model, we test the association between intangible assets and market valuation of firms. We divide the sample into reliable and unreliable and test whether there is any difference in value relevance of intangible assets between the groups. Conclusion: The result indicates, without statistical significance, that reliability seems to matter more for goodwill than for total intangibles and other identifiable intangibles. Moreover, we suggest that investors seem to focus more on accounting standards and uncertainty than management discretion when assessing reliability of intangible assets. However, we are not satisfied with how reliability has been operationalized earlier and this study reinforces our doubts. Thus, among other suggestions we propose further research directed towards investors to find out whether reliability is important and what they consider as reliable.
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Hall, Barry Charles. "Calculation of the average age of fixed assets and its behaviour under different conditions." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/52154.
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Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2001.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Researchers at the Graduate School of Business of the University of Stellenbosch raised their concerns about the accuracy of inflation adjustment estimates. This led to research by Hanekom (1992), Marais (1992), Ozrovech (1992), Laack (1994) and an article by Hamman and Smit (1994). Hanekom, Marais, Ozrovech and Loock investigated alternative methods of calculating the average age of fixed assets for South African companies. They came to the conclusion that approximations of inflation adjustments by means of simplified formulas are inaccurate and should be discontinued. Alternative methods are time-consuming, data dependent and contain various assumptions that may lead to inaccurate results. Based on the findings and recommendations of the above-mentioned authors to develop company-specific inflation adjustment models, this study project will attempt to investigate the behaviour of the average age of fixed assets as calculated by the formula: Average age (year n) = Accumulateddepreciation (n) Depreciation(for year n) Various conditions that influence this specific calculation will be simulated in spreadsheet models. The behaviour of the approximated average age will then be explained by means of the results obtained from the spreadsheet simulations, as well as a mathematical formula that will be deducted from the simulated spreadsheet models. The understanding of the behaviour of the estimation of the average age of fixed assets and the conditions that influence this estimation might help to establish possible patterns that would assist with the development of companyspecific inflation adjustment models.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Navorsers aan die Nagraadse Bestuurskool van die Universiteit van Stellenbosch het hulle twyfel uitgespreek oor die akkuraatheid van inflasieregstellingskattings, wat gelei het tot navorsing deur Hanekom (1992), Marais (1992), Ozrovech (1992) en Loock (1994) en 'n artikel deur Hamman en Smit (1994). Hanekom, Marais, Ozrovech en Loock het alternatiewe metodes ondersoek om die berekening van die gemiddelde ouderdom van vaste bates vir Suid Afrikaanse maatskappye te doen. Die slotsom was egter dat die berekening van die waardes met behulp van eenvoudige formules onakkuraat is en eerder gestaak moet word. Alternatiewe metodes is tydrowend, afhanklik van die beskikbaarheid van inligting, en vereis aannames wat tot moontlike onakkurate antwoorde kan lei. Na aanleiding van bogenoemde skrywers se gevolgtrekkings, en aanbevelings om maatskappy-spesifieke modelle te ontwikkel om inflasieaanpassings te doen, sal hierdie studie poog om die gedrag van die gemiddelde ouderdom van vaste bates soos dit bereken word deur die volgende formule, te ondersoek: Gemiddelde ouderdom (jaar n) = Opgehoopte waardevermindering (n) Waardevermindering (vir jaar n) Verskillende toestande wat die berekening beïnvloed sal deur middel van sigblad modelle gesimuleer word. Die gedrag van die geraamde gemiddelde ouderdom sal dan verduidelik word aan die hand van die sigblaaie sowel as 'n afgeleide wiskundige formule vir die berekening van die waarde. lndien die verskillende toestande en faktore wat die berekening van die gemiddelde ouderdom van vaste bates beïnvloed, verstaan en verduidelik kan word, kan moontlike patrone geïdentifiseer word wat sal help met die ontwikkeling van meer spesifieke modelle vir inflasie-aanpassings van maatskappye.
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Ozrovech, Solomon. "Investeringsprofiel van ander vaste bates, grond en geboue uitgesluit, deur Suid-Afrikaanse genoteerde industriele maatskappye gevolg." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/57806.
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Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 1992.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: According to AC201 of the Institute of Chartered Accountants additional depreciation should be calculated. To date only a few listed industrial RSA companies have published such amounts. Such additional depreciation amounts therefore had to be estimated. Since 1980 the Graduate School of Business of the University of Stellenbosch has estimated the average age of fixed assets by using the following formula: Accumulated depreciation: Depreciation as per most recent income statement. The above formula resulted in incorrect estimates of the average ages of fixed assets. It was thus decided to follow another method. In this study project (one of three), additional depreciation of fixed assets will no longer be estimated by means of an average age (or average acquisition date). It was decided to calculate an investment profile for fixed assets. Annually the cost price of fixed assets was divided into different year-layers which were obtained from the cash flow statements. The replacement cost for each year-layer was annually determined by means of the Production Price Index. The sum of the different year- layers resulted in the total replacement cost. Additional depreciation now becomes the difference between replacement cost and original cost, divided by the life of the fixed asset. Only a handful of listed South African industrial companies calculate depreciation on land and buildings. To enable comparison with other companies, this study project concentrated on fixed assets other than land and buildings. Depreciation of fixed assets and new fixed assets acquired, are seldomly split between land and buildings on the one hand, and other fixed assets on the other hand. As a result various amounts had to be split between the above two components. A number of practical problems emerged. Especially revaluation of fixed assets and subsidiaries bought and subsidiaries sold, created many problems. The amount of revaluation of fixed assets is normally given as a net amount, whereas the revaluation of the debit was required. Not enough information on specific assets when a subsidiary is bought or sold was supplied in the cash flow statement (and its forerunner the Statement of Source and Application of Funds). If information on fixed assets acquired was given, such information normally indicated book values, whereas cost prices were required. These three study projects resulted in an expansion of the original project. A much more detailed study had to be undertaken on revaluation. Furthermore, a complete reconciliation of both the accumulated depreciation and cost prices of other fixed assets must be done.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Addisionele waardevermindering behoort volgens RE201 van die Instituut van Geoktrooieerde Rekenmeesters bereken te word. Slegs 'n aantal industriële maatskappye in die RSA het hieraan gehoor gegee. Gevolglik moes die syfer vir die res van die industriële maatskappye beraam word. Sedert 1980 is die gemiddelde ouderdom van vaste bates deur die Nagraadse Bestuurskool van die Universiteit van Stellenbosch beraam aan die hand van die formule: Geakkumuleerde waardevermindering: Waardevermindering van die mees onlangse inkomstestaat. Die gebruik van hierdie formule het gelei tot foutiewe skattings van die gemiddelde ouderdom van vaste bates. Gevolglik is besluit om 'n ander metode te gebruik. In hierdie werkstuk (wat een van drie uitmaak) word addisionele waardevermindering van vaste bates nie meer bereken aan die hand van 'n gemiddelde ouderdom (of gemiddelde aanskafdatum) nie en 'n investeringsprofiel van vaste bates word daargestel. Die kosprys van vaste bates word dan jaarliks in verskillende jaarlae verdeel wat elk uit die kontantvloeistaat verkry is. Vir elke jaar word die jaarlaag se vervangingswaarde aan die hand van die Produksieprysindeks bereken . Die totaal van al die verskillende jaarlae word gesommeer om by die totale vervangingswaarde uit te kom. Addisionele waardevermindering raak dan die verskil tussen vervangingswaarde en oorspronklike kosprys, gedeel deur die leeftyd van die vaste bates. Aangesien slegs 'n klein persentasie van Suid-Afrikaanse genoteerde industriële maatskappye waardevermindering op grand en geboue afskryf, is slegs aandag geskenk aan ander vaste bates as grond en geboue ten einde onderlinge vergelykings tussen maatskappye te vergemaklik. Aangesien syfers vir waardevermindering van vaste bates en nuwe vaste bates gekoop heel dikwels nie onderskeid tref tussen grond en geboue aan die een kant, en ander vaste bates aan die ander kant nie, moes heelwat bedrae tussen die twee genoemde komponente geallokeer word. Heelwat praktiese probleme is ervaar. Veral herwaardasies van vaste bates en filiale gekoop en filiale verkoop het baie probleme veroorsaak. Die omvang van herwaardasies is gewoonlik 'n netto syfer terwyI die herwaardasie van die debiet benodig was. Verder was die inligting soos verskaf in die kontantvloeistaat (en voor dit die Staat van Bron en Aanwending van Fondse) dikwels onvolledig as dit kom by die verskaffing van besonderhede van watter items by die kosprys of verkoopprys van die filiaal ingesluit is. Waar inligting weI verskaf is ten opsigte van vaste bates, was dit gewoonlik slegs ten opsigte van boekwaardes, terwyl die kosprys van vaste bates verkry, inderdaad nodig was. Hierdie drie werkstukke het daartoe gelei dat die aanvanklike projek aansienlik uitgebrei moes word . Nie aIleen moet daar 'n baie meer omvattende ondersoek na herwaardasies gedoen word nie, maar ook 'n volledige rekonsiliasie van die jaarlikse geakkumuleerde waardevermindering. Hierbenewens moet die rekonsiliasie van die kosprys van vaste bates oak onderneem word.
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Tollington, Anthony Andrew Roderick. "Accounting for goodwill and intangible assets in the United Kingdom : an analysis using structuration theory." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2005. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/accounting-for-goodwill-and-intangible-assets-in-the-united-kingdom--an-analysis-using-structuration-theory(2a84bdb6-6dff-4f95-923c-7994990220a9).html.
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Kim, Sangbae 1968. "Essays on asset pricing theory." Monash University, Dept. of Accounting and Finance, 2003. http://arrow.monash.edu.au/hdl/1959.1/5680.
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Kang, Helen Hyon Ju Accounting Australian School of Business UNSW. "Reporting intangible assets: voluntary disclosure practices of the top emerging market companies." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Accounting, 2006. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/31211.
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The purpose of financial reporting is to provide information that is useful for decision making. Recently, however, there has been a systematic decline in the usefulness of such information. Indeed, the current reporting model seems to be no longer sufficient mainly due to the fact that it ignores many of the nonfinancial intangible factors which are increasingly becoming important in determining corporate value and performance. That is, there is a need for the traditional reporting model to be modified or at least broadened to reflect Intangible Assets (IA) in order to enhance the usefulness of information being provided to different stakeholders. In the absence of mandatory reporting requirements, one alternative way of disseminating information regarding IA is to engage in voluntary disclosure practices. It has also been suggested that companies which would benefit the most from such practice are those originating from emerging economies looking to expand into international markets. While there exists an array of empirical studies which have examined the voluntary disclosure practices of corporations from developed economies, less considered are the reporting practices of emerging market companies regarding their IA. The purpose of this thesis is to examine the voluntary disclosure practices of the top 200 emerging market companies regarding the variety, nature and extent of IA and to consider some of the factors that may be associated with the level of such disclosure. Using a disclosure index based on the Value Chain Scoreboard??? (Lev, 2001), narrative sections of the 2002 annual reports of the top 200 emerging market companies are analysed. The findings indicate that emerging market companies engage in voluntary disclosure practices in order to disseminate different varieties of mainly quantitative IA information to their global stakeholders. Further, the variety and the extent of IA disclosure are associated with corporate specific factors such as leverage, adoption of IFRS/US GAAP, industry type, and price to book ratio. Contrary to the existing literature on voluntary disclosure, however, firm size and ownership concentration are not found to be associated with the IA disclosure level. Country specific factors such as the level of risks associated with economic policy and legal system are also found to be significantly associated with the IA voluntary disclosure level.
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Rehhaut, Jason M. "Past Financial Reporting Credibility: Does it Influence Market Perceptions of Fair Value Assets?" Scholarship @ Claremont, 2011. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/287.
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During the financial crisis, many assets became illiquid and ceased trading on the open market, thus classifying them as level three assets. This study attempts to determine whether fair value asset disclosures, especially level three assets, were viewed by the market as valued correctly, given the amount of subjectivity involved. This paper will discuss prior literature on the topics of fair value accounting, various earnings quality measures, and corporate governance impact on fair value disclosures. Using models similar to prior papers, many of the coefficients of interest proved insignificant. However, the models improved when examining only the least credible firms.
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Lam, Eric Campbell Full Yet. "Two essays on stock market anomalies /." View abstract or full-text, 2009. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?FINA%202009%20LAM.
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Goodwin, J. D. "Audit judgments of revalued non-current assets." Lincoln University, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10182/1770.
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The revaluation of non-current assets has become an accepted accounting practice in many countries including the United Kingdom, Australia and New Zealand. This practice has implications for the external auditor who must decide whether to accept a valuation as reasonable and how much evidence to collect to support the decision. This thesis represents the first study to examine audit decision making in this area. Because of the absence of prior research, a series of structured interviews was undertaken with audit partners to identify the main audit issues. The results of these interviews, together with the relevant literature, were used to identify some of the factors that may impact on audit judgments concerning revalued assets. Hypotheses were developed and two complementary experiments were designed to test them. These were based on the premise that client management may be motivated to revalue in order to improve the appearance of the balance sheet, thereby increasing the inherent risk of misstatement. A 2 x 2 between-subjects design was used for both experiments, and the dependent variables measured were estimates of the planned audit hours to be spent on the revalued assets and likelihood judgments that the valuations would be accepted as reasonable. Experiment One considered the situation where auditors are faced with two conflicting risks which are likely to exist simultaneously in the audit environment. These were the threat of litigation arising from the client's breach of a debt covenant and the risk of losing the client. The study examined auditors' responses to high and low levels of these risks on the audit of revalued owner-occupied property and an investment property. For the planned audit hours, results indicated a strong interaction effect between the two factors, with auditors planning to spend significantly more time on the audit of revalued assets when both the risk of breaching a debt covenant was high and the risk of losing the client was low. Similar results were found for the likelihood judgment that the valuations would be accepted as reasonable, except that for the investment property the results were only marginally significant. Experiment Two examined the impact of a proposal to issue shares to the public and the competence of the independent valuer on the audit of four classes of non-current assets. Results indicated that auditors would plan to spend longer on the audit of revalued assets when the client proposed to make a share issue and also when the competence of the valuer was lower. They were also less likely to accept the valuations as reasonable in these cases. However, an interaction effect between class of asset and competence of the valuer indicated that concern with some aspects of the evidence could override subjects' sensitivity to the competence of the valuer. An additional finding was a significant experience effect for the likelihood judgments, based on the number of audits, in which subjects had been involved, that had included asset revaluations. More experienced subjects were more likely than less experienced subjects to accept the valuations as reasonable.
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Burman, Simon, and Gabriel Demirel. "A holistic clarification of the accounting item goodwill : Based on acquirers' perceptions, what is the meaning of the accounting item goodwill?" Thesis, Jönköping University, Internationella Handelshögskolan, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-52822.
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Goodwill is one of the most complex and unclear concepts within financial accounting; it is uncertain what it represents as an asset, it is only recognized during the creation of business combinations and is subject to impairments. The question becomes therefore what meaning is actually to be made from goodwill’s definite appearance as a financial statement line item? Due to a perceived low relevance by users of financial statements, it can be stated that the current narration by the accounting item goodwill fails to meet the fundamental purpose of accounting. Therefore, a study to bring a comprehensive clarification of the accounting item is required where this study attempts to achieve this objective by studying the acquirers’ perceptions of goodwill. First was a thorough theoretical background established that compiles a wide collection of relevant literature on goodwill. Then were semi-structured interviews conducted with top managers of nine different parent companies who had recently made a corporate acquisition. Based on the most salient perceptions derived from the empirical data in relation to the comprehensive theoretical background, this study obtained the following findings. Goodwill can be understood through three central aspects: the underlying objective reality as an intangible asset, the PPA process and the subsequential measurement process. In relation to the two latter aspects could a fourth aspect of managers’ influence be derived. In an overarching integration, these four aspects could be synthesized into a final holistic model of the accounting item goodwill. This model iii ultimately represents a comprehensive understanding of the current accounting item goodwill in financial statements based on the perceptions of acquirers. The findings of this study can be used to bring clarity to the users of financial statements when interpreting goodwill and therefore potentially increase its perceived relevance. Foremost can this study’s holistic model be used as a guideline for future research to further elaborate on the understanding of goodwill and generate improvements to its current accounting design.