Dissertations / Theses: 'Asset quality'

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Olson, Kristin Erin. "Asset management--service quality : the institutional investor perspective." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/69315.

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Obaleye, Olabanjo Johnson. "Relationship Between Liquidity, Asset Quality, and Profitability of Mortgage Banks in Nigeria." ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/6254.

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Liquidity (LQ) and asset quality (AQ) management present significant challenges to mortgage bankers in their efforts to improve profitability (PR). When liquidity increases, there is no positive impact on mortgage asset growth; however, this trend indicates that asset management and liquidity positions are not well managed. To run a viable mortgage business, mortgage bankers need to have a good grasp of the association between LQ, AQ, and PR. Anchored in the profit theory paradigm, the purpose of this multiple regression study was to examine the relationship between LQ, AQ, and PR of mortgage banks (MBs) in Nigeria. Archival financial data of 16 randomly sampled MBs covering a period of 8 years from 2009 to 2016 were used. Data were analyzed using multiple panel regression incorporating two PR models, net interest margin (NIM) and return on asset (ROA). The regression result indicated that LQ and AQ constructs significantly predicted PR as measured by NIM because F (8, 80) = 2.061, p = 0.014, p < 0.05, and effect size given by R2 = 0.458, signifying 46% variation in NIM. The model of PR as measured by ROA also indicated that LQ and AQ constructs were significant because F (8, 80) = 4.043, p = 0.000, p < 0.05, with effect size measured by R2 = 0.624, indicating 62% variation in ROA. The findings emphasized the need for optimization of LQ and AQ to maximize PR. The implications for positive social change include the potential to provide the business leaders in the mortgage industry with knowledge about optimization of LQ and AQ as drivers of PR. In addition, when business owners achieve increase profitability, they may provide more employment opportunities, better working conditions, better compensation plans, and more access to mortgage finance options.

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Segal, Andrew Thomas. "Absolutely positively satisfied : what asset management can learn form the quality revolution." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/70207.

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Jonsson, Berth. "Transportation asset management : Quality related accounting, measurements and use in road management processes." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Bygg- och fastighetsekonomi, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-12151.

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Today there are shortcomings in monitoring, control, analyses, learning and reporting of the results of activities and operations in the road management processes. There are also shortcomings in transparency and verifiability, in knowledge of road management’s costs and life cycle costs, of the road capital’s standard and condition and in measures of quality deficiency costs, productivity and maintenance backlog. The starting points for different applications of the model are taken from experience of the subprocesses in practical road management, independent analyses of activities, operations and results, presence at directors’ meetings (in an independent co-opted capacity) and literature reviews. It is my belief that the problems can largely be solved with transparent, verifiable information that is relevant to the sub-processes. A model has been designed with the transport policy’s requirements at the focus for all sub-processes’ applications without repeating errors as regards internal control, use of standard values and index adjustments. For each component, the model provides quality-related information about its current condition and condition value, acquisition value, replacement value and standard target value with the effects of measures carried out. Changes in standard and condition of new construction, improvements, maintenance and consumption can be shown in the model. Information can also be found on a component’s consumption cost, index adjustment and successively accumulated life cycle costs. Quality deficiency costs, inefficiencies, maintenance backlog, cost drivers, productivity and, for example, expected funding needs can be calculated by computer. The model has been tested and this document also describes the model’s implementation project at the SNRA. Most of the road network’s components have been registered for a long time in the SNRA’s road and traffic data bank as compulsory or optional phenomena. The remaining components will to a large extent be entered automatically. Some will require inventorying. In theory, the quality-related accounting will thus have access to information about every individual component in the entire state-administered road network. For at least 75% (80% in the implementation project) of the total value o fthe road capital, current condition information will exist for each individual component in the road network. The information, that constitutes “best available knowledge” of the components’ current functional condition, is administered in dedicated administration systems and comes from different kinds of inventories. The values of the remaining components can be appraised systematically on the basis of individually assessed technical length of life and, for example, planned maintenance. The model shows that decisions to carry out measures can also be based on “best available knowledge” of socioeconomic effectiveness, consideration of the environment, climate and energy in a life cycle perspective, customers’ (society’s and road-users’) expectations and political demands for fairness. These requirements are systematically worked into the limit values for “as constructed” and “worst acceptable condition”. The condition interval between the limit values shows the component’s functional consumption margin provided that the transport policy’s requirements are taken into consideration. The information makes it possible to consider and stipulate requirements regarding the development of components’ accumulated life cycle costs in procurements. Contractors will have a natural focus on increased productivity and cost increases in projects should be smaller. The model makes the long term planning process more efficient and shortens lead times. Prices, costs, accumulated life cycle costs and various types of deviations can be analysed continuously to achieve systematic learning from good examples and failures. In the project follow-up, deviations are automatically divided within the system into causes dependent on time, quantity, and unit price. Control and monitoring with analyses and learning can be made more effective through automatic monitoring against control limits. The concept of quality-related accounting of road capital should be a part of the international discussion around models for Transportation Asset Management (TAM).
QC201007723

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Naim, Wadih. "On the Role of Data Quality and Availability in Power System Asset Management." Licentiate thesis, KTH, Elektroteknisk teori och konstruktion, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-295696.

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In power system asset management, component data is crucial for decision making. This thesis mainly focuses on two aspects of asset data: data quality and data availability. The quality level of data has a great impact on the optimality of asset management decisions. The goal is to quantify the impact of data errors from a maintenance optimization perspective using random population studies. In quantitative terms, the impact of data quality can be evaluated financially and technically. The financial impact is the total maintenance cost per year of a specific scenario in a population of components, whereas the technical impact is the loss of a component's useful technical lifetime due to sub-optimal replacement time. Using Monte-Carlo simulation techniques, those impacts are analyzed in a case study of a simplified random population of independent and non-repairable components. The results show that missing data has a larger impact on cost and replacement year estimation than that of under- or over-estimated data. Additionally, depending on problem parameters, after a certain threshold of missing data probability, the estimation of cost and replacement year becomes unreliable. Thus, effective decision making for a certain population of components requires ensuring a minimum level of data quality. Data availability is another challenge that faces power system asset managers. Data can be lacking due to several factors including censoring, restricted access, or absence of data acquisition. These factors are addressed in this thesis from a decision making point of view through case studies at the operation and maintenance levels. Data censoring is handled as a data quality problem using a Monte-Carlo simulation. While the problems of restricted access and absence of data acquisition are studied using event trees and multiphysics modelling. While the quantitative data quality problem can be abstract, and thus applicable to different types of physical assets, the data availability problem requires a case-by-case analysis to reach an effective decision making strategy.

QC 20210528

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Bahadoorsingh, Sanjay. "Asset management and the role of power quality on electrical treeing in epoxy resin." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.496227.

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Power network operators in developed countries are faced with the challenge of effectively managing network performance with an ageing asset population. A significant proportion of equipment is already operating well beyond design life, testifying to the success of the many insulation systems employed. Increased production of renewable and distributed energy has resulted in changes of load flows on the network, while demand-side management schemes cause devices results in reduced power quality from disturbances including harmonics. Consequently there is a gradual change in the working environment. Hence at the plant level, insulation systems will age differently influencing electrical ageing mechanisms such as partial discharges and electrical treeing.

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Muteba, Kande Joel. "Multi-Objective Heterogeneous Multi-Asset Collection Scheduling Optimization with High-Level Information Fusion." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/42557.

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Surveillance of areas of interest through image acquisition is becoming increasingly essential for intelligence services. Several types of platforms equipped with sensors are used to collect good quality images of the areas to be monitored. The evolution of this field has different levels: some studies are only based on improving the quality of the images acquired through sensors, others on the efficiency of platforms such as satellites, aircraft and vessels which will navigate the areas of interest and yet others are based on the optimization of the trajectory of these platforms. Apart from these, intelligence organizations demonstrate an interest in carrying out such missions by sharing their resources. This thesis presents a framework whose main objective is to allow intelligence organizations to carry out their observation missions by pooling their platforms with other organizations having similar or geographically close targets. This framework will use Multi-Objective Optimization algorithms based on genetic algorithms to optimize such mission planning. Research on sensor fusion will be a key point to this thesis, researchers have proven that an image resulting from the fusion of two images from different sensors can provide more information compared to the original images. Given that the main goal for observation missions is to collect quality imagery, this work will also use High-Level Information Fusion to optimize mission planning based on image quality and fusion. The results of the experiments not only demonstrate the added value of this framework but also highlight its strengths (through performance metrics) as compared to other similar frameworks.

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Essiet, Ubon M. "Developing a framework to facilitate the assessment of asset management information quality in facilities management operations." Thesis, University of Huddersfield, 2016. http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/id/eprint/31443/.

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Information quality issues have taken an increased importance in academia and industry and have many causes attributed to it. Poor information quality presents significant costs to an organisation, financially and non-financially. However, the issue of information quality has not been explored in depth in the field of facilities management. Thus, within the context of facilities management, this has led to failures in asset management programs undertaken by facilities management organisations and present a significant challenge in the decision-making process by facility managers. Achieving improved asset information quality in facility management operations is thus of immense importance to stakeholders in facilities management. To this end, various methods and frameworks have been developed to assess and improve information quality, but these have very limited scope and not applicable in facilities management organisation undertaking asset management. To this end, this research aims to evaluate the quality of information and determine what factors impact information quality of asset management programs in the facilities management domain. The research adopts an exploratory mixed-method methodology, which allows data to be collected and analysed using qualitative and quantitative techniques to provide greater insight of the phenomenon in facility management operations. The qualitative approach uses thematic analysis to determine what factors affect the quality of information from the information, organisation, and people domain respectively. The results from this analysis show that factors affecting information quality of asset management programs is multidimensional. In addition, 71 information quality attributes has been identified from the qualitative analysis. In the quantitative phase, principal component analysis (PCA) with direct oblimin rotation, ANOVA, and measure of central tendency (MCT) techniques were adopted to identify the specific dimensions of information quality in asset management, the effect of the structure of the organisation on information quality, and the prevalence of information quality issue in asset management respectively. The results from the analysis identified 12 information quality dimensions which was grouped into seven (7) categories. Also a high prevalence of information quality issue experienced by facilities management professionals was observed with a mean value of 7.90 and median value of 8.00 and standard deviation of 1.467 which was normally distributed. Further analysis indicated that the hierarchical structure of the organisation had an effect on information quality which was statistically significant. Based on the result of the analysis, a framework, using a perceptual map premised on multi-dimensional scale (MDS) technique, has been developed that seeks to assess the quality of information of asset management programs in facilities management.

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Stein-Balock, Amanda. "Predicting the quality of center-based early care and education programs for preschool children a cumulative asset model /." [Ames, Iowa : Iowa State University], 2007.

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Cheung, Ting-yan. "Asset enhancement on commercial properties management in Hong Kong : a key of success for achieving best quality management and services /." View the Table of Contents & Abstract, 2007. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B40697721.

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Kanakriyah, Raed Muhammad. "The effect of asset impairment (IAS 36) in improving the quality of accounting information according to users' perspective : evidence from Jordan." Thesis, Durham University, 2013. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/7290/.

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Purpose: The main purpose of this study is to investigate from the users' perspective the influence of adopting IAS 36 'impairment of assets' on accounting information in Jordan and to ascertain the extent to which impairment application can affect users’ decisions. In other words, this study aims to elicit perceptions regarding the motivations and techniques of using impairment loss to discover its effect and role in improving the quality (qualitative characteristics) of accounting information and its impact on the financial statements of users, to assist them in the decision-making process; it also aims to discover whether impairment loss is considered a tool for increasing the credibility of accounting information or a tool for manipulation. To explore the relevance (applicability) of international accounting standards to developing countries such as Jordan is a topic of significant interest amongst accounting information users. Methodology/Approach/Research Questions: This thesis uses a multi-method approach; quantitative and qualitative approaches are both used to collect primary data concerning the 'impairment of assets' phenomenon. Questionnaire and interview surveys are used to explore the motivations and techniques of 'impairment of assets' in Jordan by obtaining the perceptions of respondents. Semi-structured interviews are used to elicit a better understanding of the research questions, confirming and elaborating on the questionnaire survey findings and supporting the development of the hypotheses. The triangulation of findings enables a comprehensive appreciation of the research topic and minimises the possibility of bias resulting from the use of a single method. Analysis and Findings: The first findings are the agreement of the six groups of accounting information users regarding the importance of IAS 36 application, also indicate that there is a significant statistical difference among the respondents' opinions particularly between academics and other groups which indicates that academics were more aware of the importance of applying 'impairment of assets' than the other five groups. A plausible explanation for this result is that academics are more aware that impairment loss depends on market value (fair) instead of historic value, which is more convenient but less reliable. The main conclusion reached through questionnaire and interview survey is the positive impact of 'impairment of assets' on the quality of accounting information according to users' perspective in Jordan. which means there is an impact of impairment on the quality of accounting information, and we assert this finding through correlation that impairment loss depend on market value (fair) instead of historic value, which is more convenient but less reliable . The second finding reveals that two groups of respondents (Accountants and Investors) see impairment as a tool for manipulation. These two groups have similar views that impairment application is considered a technique used to manipulate illegally, in order for managers to achieve their own goals, such as increased compensation (salary), to declare a reasonable profit and avoid a loss, to obtain loans, and to raise share prices. These results can be attributed to scientific knowledge they have about advantages of the application of this standard. Furthermore, interview findings indicate that 68% of all respondents amongst all groups agreed that impairment improves the reliability and credibility of financial reports in Jordan. One of the most important results from the respondents’ views is that impairment announcements provide new information to the market and assist the users to change or modify their decisions. However, interviews showed that investors and accountants have a different view of impairment application, considering it as bad news (weak company), all of these findings will be generalized for developing countries, also will be helpful for developed countries. Research limitations/implications: These findings could be fruitful and helpful for external users of accounting reports and also for regulators and legislators in their attempts to constrain the incidence of earnings management and to enhance the quality of accounting information. The interview sample was quite small (only 14) since some interviewees in developing countries do not like to have their opinions tape-recorded or become worried if notes are taken by devices during the interview as it appears like an interrogation to them. Moreover, in the questionnaire survey, only 324 out of 749 were returned, since access to respondents (Elements sample) was very difficult as they do not stay in the same place. In terms of secondary data, a lack of disclosure limited this study regarding the variables. Contribution: Very few studies concerned with 'impairment of assets' have been conducted on data obtained from financial reports in developed countries. Thus, a different perspective could be obtained from developing countries such as Jordan, which is different in numerous respects, and this will enhance IAS application and provide an accurate picture of impairment practices. Moreover, this study contributes to the literature by employing qualitative and quantitative methods that have not received attention in relation to the effect of monitoring mechanisms.

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Rethwisch, Michael D., Mark Reay, Rigo Perez, Jessica Wellman, David Ramos, and Jessica Grudovich. "Comparison of Hydra-Hume™, Asset® RS, and SuperBio® AgBlend on Late Spring and Early Summer Alfalfa Yields and Quality." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/203836.

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Asset® RS, HydraHumeTM and SuperBio® Ag Blend were evaluated during several sequential alfalfa harvests for their effects on alfalfa yields and quality. Addition of Hydra-HumeTM or AgBlend when applied via chemigation appear to have slightly increased hay yields over the three cutting period by 0.12-0.22 tons/acre respectively when compared with an area of the field that received 10-34- 0 but was a different soil type. Addition of Asset® RS to Hydra-HumeTM did not provide any additional consistent yield increase in this study. Addition of Asset® RS resulted in increased hay quality as measured by protein levels, acid detergent fiber, total digestible nutrients, neutral detergent fiber and relative feed value. These parameters were often statistically different than the Hydra-HumeTM treatments. It is unknown if application of Asset® RS would result in similar or greater quality and yeild response alone or on another soil type. Different results for all products may occur if heavier soils are used for experimentation rather than sandy soils, as nutrient availability is affected by soil type and pH.

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Adolfsson, Teodor, and Henrik Domellöf. "Factor Investing on the Swedish Stock Market : A Quantitative Study of a Model Based on Quality and Value." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Företagsekonomi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-149715.

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Investors and fund managers have, since the start of financial markets, always been on the lookout for new ways of beating the market. However, researchers of the Efficient Market Hypothesis have shown that markets are usually highly efficient, implying that there are few possibilities of earning returns that are higher than the market returns, on a risk adjusted basis. Prevailing theories, such as the Capital Asset Pricing Model, has shown that increased return must stem from taking on higher risk. Though, this model’s explanatory power has been challenged by numerous researchers who propose different factors, other than market risk, which could hold explanatory power when it comes to returns in the stock market. This area of research is called factor investing, and has shown that factors such as momentum, size, and value, all can lead to outperforming the market.This study examines how a model based on two common factors, quality and value, would have performed on the Swedish stock market. The study is based on five portfolios chosen by the quality and value factors, each one held for 5 years, examined over a 25-year time span and uses the capital asset pricing model as a tool to measure whether or not the selected factors outperform the market. The study has taken a quantitative approach to examining the research question, using a positivistic and objectivistic view.The results of the study show evidence that the quality and value factors can lead to significant outperformance relative to the market index. Both total returns and risk adjusted returns were higher than the market index for some of the portfolios created using the quality and value factors. Furthermore, statistical evidence was found of that CAPM not fully explains all returns, and thus, that the returns are in part explained by the quality and value factors. The findings led to the conclusion that the quality and value factors does, in fact, hold explanatory power beyond that of CAPM. Purchasing quality companies at a reasonable price is shown to be a sound investment strategy, and that a portfolio created using the quality and value factors has good chances of outperforming the market index.

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Setterberg, Hanna. "The pricing of earnings : essays on the post-earnings announcement drift and earnings quality risk." Doctoral thesis, Handelshögskolan i Stockholm, Institutionen för Redovisning och finansiering, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hhs:diva-1592.

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This dissertation is concerned with the relationship between accounting earnings and stock prices. It consists of three empirical papers, all using a sample of firms listed on the Stockholm Stock Exchange (1990-2008). The first paper documents the existence of a drift in stock prices subsequent to quarterly earnings announcements. Two interesting empirical observations are that the drift is only significant for longer holding periods and that the drift on the short position, i.e. after bad earnings news, is negligible. The lack of downward drift on the short position is interpreted as an indication of the post-earnings announcement drift, at least partly, being explained by investors demanding a compensation for a risk factor that is omitted in the test design. The second paper illustrates under what conditions information risk in the earnings signal might explain a low announcement reaction and a price drift in the post-announcement period. It is hypothesized that two earnings signals – based either on GAAP earnings or core earnings – have different levels of information uncertainty with respect to how they depict the value creation of the firm. In the empirical sections, it is concluded that the low immediate announcement reaction and high post-announcement drift for the GAAP earnings signal is due to this signal being perceived by investors as containing more uncertainty than the core earnings signal. It is argued that this uncertainty might be due to GAAP earnings encompassing items that prior research has shown more likely to be manipulated and/or to contain estimation error. The positive association between information risk and expected return is further investigated in the third paper, where information risk is measured by earnings quality metrics. Using a new approach to estimate the implied cost of capital, it is found that Swedish investors demand a higher expected return for firms with poor earnings quality, i.e. firms associated with higher information risk.
Diss. Stockholm : Handelshögskolan i Stockholm, 2011

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Ozbek, Mehmet Egemen. "Development of Performance Warranties for Performance Based Road Maintenance Contracts." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/9887.

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Performance based contracting in the transportation arena is a rather recently implemented concept which has a few number of applications in the United States up to date. Nonetheless, the US Department of Transportation has vigorously promoted (by issuing memorandums to be distributed to the Highway Agencies and State Departments of Transportation) the conversion of traditional contracts to performance based contracts to reach a goal of 80% of the service contracts and actions being performance based by the end of fiscal year 2004 (Tomanelli 2003.) Virginia Department of Transportation (VDOT) has been one of the first state agencies that took the initiative of using a performance based contract for the maintenance of a portion of its interstate highway system. This initiative resulted in the establishment of the 'Comprehensive Agreement for Interstate Highway Asset Management Services' between VDOT and a private contractor in 1996 which resulted in the privatization of highway maintenance services. One of the important aspects of this contract related to this research is that it does not encompass any warranty clauses. In other words, the contractor does not provide any warranty to the VDOT for the services it is obligated to undertake. The contract is mute in this subject, making the contractor incur no liability for the underperformance of the maintenance activities. According to this research, this might lead to some cases which VDOT would not be willing to encounter. Just like performance based contracting, the use of warranties in highway contracts in the United States is a quite new concept which mainly dates back to 1995. There are different views possessed by different parties about the possible outcomes of implementing warranties in highway contracts. Nonetheless, this research proposes that the incorporation of warranty clauses into the VDOT issued performance based road maintenance contracts is vital to ensure the quality and durability of the work after the project completion. According to this research, warranty clauses, if developed carefully, give the contractor the motivation to implement superior maintenance practices to improve the overall conditions of the assets during the contract period. This is done in order to lengthen the life of each asset item and achieve the long term performance. Ultimately, the incorporation of warranty clauses is believed to reduce the risk imposed upon VDOT. Within the context of the discussion presented above, this research first illustrates that the complete satisfaction of one of the parties (VDOT) may be in question due to the absence of the warranty clauses within the contract, then lists and explores the benefits that would/may be gained by the incorporation of warranty clauses into the contract, and finally develops a warranty clause template and proposes it to be used in the future performance based road maintenance contracts issued by VDOT. At the bottom line, this study aspires to help the party in question (VDOT) to reduce the risk imposed upon it and to improve the future performance based road maintenance contracts it will issue. This research uses the VDOT contract as a baseline to define the problem and to propose a solution (i.e. the developed warranty clause template) for that. Nonetheless, some of the principles and approaches used during the development of the warranty clause template can also be referred to for the development of warranty clauses for the performance based road maintenance contracts issued by the other state DOTs.
Master of Science

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Mhlongo, Thabani. "Evaluating the impact of asset management in the water industry : a case study of East Rand Water Care Company (ERWAT)." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/86711.

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Thesis (MPA)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.
The asset management process and strategy has been adopted and implemented within the public sector. Although the National Treasury developed the Capital Asset Management Guidelines to assist with the development and implementation of the asset management system the guidelines have received very little attention over the years. The Auditor General’s findings indicate a lack of proper implementation of the asset management process. The study provides a clear indication of the implementation of the asset management process by most government entities, local government municipalities and the public sector. The outcome is that while most entities have made progress with regards to the implementation, much remains to be done. Most entities implement the asset management process selectively. This does not yield positive and sustainable results and they end up abandoning the whole asset management system. The report provides the process of successful development and implementation of asset management, it also indicate that if there are element that are missed or not properly done the process will not yield constant results or performance and the impact on the organization performance will not be positive. The management of the organization must ensure that asset management is aligned with strategic objectives of the organization and performance measurement must be directly linked with asset management, performance measurement should be used to determine progress and implementation. Service level agreements must be established between all relevant departments including the finance department and there must be agreement on the objectives between all stakeholders. The key to proper implementation is the alignment of the asset management process with the strategic objectives of the organization.

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Gubareva, Mariya. "Flight-to-Quality phenomenon as a source of financial instability." Doctoral thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/5108.

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Doutoramento em Economia
A general theoretical framework is proposed to analyse Flight-to-Quality events, defined as a mass investment migration from risky to safe assets. The model consists of only two asset classes, risky and safe. The framework is applied to Flights-to-Quality from emerging market public debt to U.S. treasuries, in the period 1998-2010. An alarm signal system is designed to warn of upcoming Flights-to-Quality and their terminations, and is applied: (i) to delimiting hypothetical Flights-to-Quality on an ex-ante basis, which are compared with historically observed episodes, to test the quality of the alarm signals; (ii) to elaborate dynamic interest rate risk hedge strategies, characterized by higher returns and lower volatility in comparison with statically hedged investments. The proposed framework potentially allows for improving the timeliness of financial policies, which can be triggered by the alarm signals. It can also be a useful tool for defining adequate policies to be implemented acting either on an insufficient supply of the safe assets or on a decreasing demand for the risky investments, thus contributing to a more stable economic environment.
Propõe-se uma abordagem teórica para análise de eventos Flight-to-Quality, definidos como a migração em massa de investimentos em, activos com risco para investimentos em activos sem risco. O modelo considera apenas dois tipos de activos, com e sem risco. A abordagem é aplicada a eventos Flight-to-Quality da dívida pública de mercados emergentes para dívida pública norte-americana, no período 1998-2010. É desenhado um sistema de sinais de alerta para emitir sinais de aviso relativos ao início e ao término dos eventos Flight-to-Quality, o qual é utilizado para: (i) a identificação ex-ante (hipotética) dos eventos, os quais são comparados com os eventos históricos observados, para testar a qualidade dos sinais gerados; (ii) para elaborar estratégias dinâmicas de cobertura de risco da taxa de juro, que asseguram rendimentos mais elevados e menor volatilidade que estratégias de cobertura de risco estáticas. A abordagem proposta permite melhorar o tempo de resposta das políticas financeiras, as quais podem ser despoletadas pelos sinais de alarme. E pode também ser um instrumento útil para a definição de políticas, seja para correcção de uma oferta insuficiente de activos sem risco ou de uma procura insuficiente pelos activos com risco, contribuindo assim para um ambiente económico mais estável.

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Pettersson, Christoffer, and Linnéa Östlund. "Prissättning av periodiseringskvalitet : En studie på den nordiska marknaden." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-447794.

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Denna studie undersöker om periodiseringskvalitet är en prissatt riskfaktor för nordiska företag som är noterade på en reglerad marknad under perioden 2010–2019. Tidigare studier menar att periodiseringskvalitet utgör en proxy för informationsrisk, men olika författare framställer olika slutsatser i frågan huruvida periodiseringskvalitet är en prissatt riskfaktor eller inte. Med den av McNichols (2002) modifierade Dechow & Dichev modellen (2002) mäter vi periodiseringskvalitet som standardavvikelsen av residualer från regressioner som kopplar periodiseringar till kassaflöden. Vi mäter riskpremien genom att dela in företagen i kvintiler baserad på periodiseringskvalitet och tillämpar en likaviktad portfölj som säljer företagen i de två kvintilerna med högst periodiseringskvalitet och köper företagen i kvintilerna med lägst periodiseringskvalitet. Vi finner en signifikant negativ koefficient i en två-stegs tvärsnittsregressionen som visar att periodiseringskvalitet inte utgör en prissatt riskfaktor för nordiska företag.
This study investigates if accruals quality is a priced risk factor for Nordic countries being traded on a regulated market in the Nordic countries during 2010–2019. Earlier studies argue that accruals quality is a proxy for information risk, but different authors find different results regarding whether accruals quality is a priced risk factor or not. By using the Dechow & Dichev model (2002), modified by McNichols (2002), we measure accruals quality as the standard deviation of regressions that match accruals to cash flow. We measure the risk premium by dividing the entities into quintiles and use an equal-weighted portfolio that sells the stocks in the two quintiles with the highest accruals quality and buys the two quintiles with the lowest accruals quality. We find a significant negative coefficient in a two-stage cross-sectional regression which shows that accruals quality is not a priced risk factor in the Nordic countries.

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Emde, Larissa, and Cem Yildirim. "The Performance of Gross-Profit to Asset on the Swedish Stock Market : A comparison to Book-to-Market and Earnings-to-Price in a time frame of 1994-2013." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Företagsekonomi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-141133.

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This thesis examines the performance of portfolios sorted by gross-profit-to-asset (GPA) as a quality investing on the Swedish stock exchange. It constructs long-only portfolios and long-short portfolios sorted by GPA, book-to-market (B/P) and earnings-per-price (E/P). Thus, the thesis includes quality and value investing. The thesis compares separately the constructed long-only and long-short portfolios among each other. The long-only strategies are additionally compared to the market index. The study further examines a combined portfolio, sorting for GPA and B/P in order to test Novy-Marx’s findings. He reports, that the average return improves, while the standard deviation remains at the same level for a combined portfolio sorting for GPA and B/P. This requires a negative correlation. The comparison is based on different portfolio measurements as i.e. s.d. The asset pricing models CAPM and 5-Factor Model are applied. In addition, actual returns, excessive return over the risk-free rate and over the market index as a benchmark are assessed for the portfolio. The analysis is conducted for the time period 1994-2013 and separately for downturns, considering 2000-2003, 2007-2009 and 2010. The results show a great applicability of the gross-profitability ratio on the Swedish market. This quality strategy convinces not only during normal times with the portfolios GPA-h (long-only) and GPA-hl (long-short) but also in stressed times. GPA-h reports positive (abnormal) returns GPA-h during downturns. The long-only and long-short portfolios based on GPA outperform the market in both time periods. GPA-sorted portfolios perform in general better and the two value strategies during normal times and downturns, based on the annual average return. Examining the two value strategies EP-sorted portfolios are superior over BP-sorted portfolios. EP-portfolios achieve better performance during downturns, regarding Jensen’s alpha. It can be derived, that EP is countercyclical. The combined portfolio generates high return and has a high standard deviation. The assessed statement of Novy-Marx cannot be confirmed for the Swedish stock market. It has to be stated that we detected positive correlation instead of negative correlation. It can be derived, that GPA ratio is applicable on the Swedish market, considering the assumptions and limitations of this study. EP-based portfolios show a good performance during downturns. BP- based portfolios do not perform well on the sweidish market in the assessed time frame. The combined portfolio GPABP-hh does increase returns with constant standard deviation, referred to BP-h. Our findings show, that both value strategies do not outperform the market index. The EP-based value portfolios outperform BP-based portfolios. EP-h performs better during downturns considering Jensen’s alpha.

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Nordström, Lars. "Use of the CIM framework for data management in maintenance of electricity distribution networks." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Industriella informations- och styrsystem, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-3985.

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Aging infrastructure and personnel, combined with stricter financial constraints has put maintenance, or more popular Asset Management, at the top of the agenda for most power utilities. At the same time the industry reports that this area is not properly supported by information systems. Today’s power utilities have very comprehensive and complex portfolios of information systems that serve many different purposes. A common problem in such heterogeneous system architectures is data management, e.g. data in the systems do not represent the true status of the equipment in the power grid or several sources of data are contradictory. The research presented in this thesis concerns how this industrial problem can be better understood and approached by novel use of the ontology standardized in the Common Information Model defined in IEC standards 61970 & 61968. The theoretical framework for the research is that of data management using ontology based frameworks. This notion is not new, but is receiving renewed attention due to emerging technologies, e.g. Service Oriented Architectures, that support implementation of such ontological frameworks. The work presented is empirical in nature and takes its origin in the ontology available in the Common Information Model. The scope of the research is the applicability of the CIM ontology, not as it was intended i.e. in systems integration, but for analysis of business processes, legacy systems and data. The work has involved significant interaction with power distribution utilities in Sweden, in order to validate the framework developed around the CIM ontology. Results from the research have been published continuously, this thesis consists of an introduction and summary and papers describing the main contribution of the work. The main contribution of the work presented in this thesis is the validation of the proposition to use the CIM ontology as a basis for analysis existing legacy systems. By using the data models defined in the standards and combining them with established modeling techniques we propose a framework for information system management. The framework is appropriate for analyzing data quality problems related to power systems maintenance at power distribution utilities. As part of validating the results, the proposed framework has been applied in a case study involving medium voltage overhead line inspection. In addition to the main contribution, a classification of the state of the practice system support for power system maintenance at utilities has been created. Second, the work includes an analysis and classification of how high performance Wide Area communication technologies can be used to improve power system maintenance including improving data quality.
QC 20100614

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Шевченко, А. М., А. М. Шевченко, and A. Shevchenko. "Довірче управління активами на фінансовому ринку України." Diss., Одеський національний економічний університет, 2014. http://dspace.oneu.edu.ua/jspui/handle/123456789/3719.

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Дисертація присвячена дослідженню концептуальних засад побудови комплексної системи довірчого управління фінансовими активами. У роботі узагальнено теоретичні основи довірчих послуг, досліджено особливості їх надання, сучасні особливості нормативно-правової сфери регулювання ринку довірчих послуг, розкрито сутність і концептуальні засади побудови ринків довірчих послуг у провідних країнах світу, надано оцінку обсягу ринку довірчих послуг в умовах виходу України зі світової фінансової кризи, виявлено специфічні риси діяльності компаній з управління активами, оцінено стратегії інвестування притаманні вітчизняному інвесторові. У дисертації оптимізовано модель формування та реалізації довірчого управління активами, запропоновано методику аналізу якості надання довірчих послуг, удосконалено інформаційно-аналітичне забезпечення оцінки якості довірчого управління через побудову моделі ієрархії факторів впливу на розвиток довірчого управління фінансовими активами на вітчизняному фінансовому ринку. Удосконалено класичні інвестиційні стратегії, що використовуються в довірчому управлінні активами, порядок здійснення законодавчого регулювання діяльності учасників ринку довірчих послуг за допомогою оптимізації окремих напрямів інформаційної політики та удосконалення ризик-менеджменту, з використанням кращої практики провідних фінансово-правових інститутів.
В диссертации исследованы концептуальные основы формирования комплексной системы доверительного управления финансовыми активами. Обобщены теоретические основы доверительных услуг, выявлены особенности их предоставления, обоснована современная специфика нормативно-правовой сферы регулирования рынка доверительных услуг, раскрыта сущность и концептуальные основы построения рынков доверительных услуг ведущих стран мира, оценен объем рынка доверительных услуг в условиях выхода Украины из мирового финансового кризиса, выявлены специфические черты деятельности компаний по управлению активами, оценены стратегии инвестирования, которые характерны для отечественных инвесторов. Проанализирована деятельность по доверительному управлению активами, в том числе, выявлены основные отрасли и территориальные особенности деятельности компаний по управлению активами, оценена деятельность аналогичных иностранных компаний по управлению активами и осуществлен сравнительный анализ состояния рынка доверительного управления, основанного на европейской и американской моделях. Выявлены особенности формирования инвестиционного портфеля на отечественном рынке и усовершенствована единая стратегия, которая соответствует оптимальным параметрам риск-доходность. Разработана методика анализа качества услуг которая включает в себя определение количественных и качественных показателей, их оптимальных, граничных и пороговых значений, интервалов, в которых могут находиться данные значения. Определение качества доверительного управления осуществляется в пять этапов результатом которых является нахождение суммы произведений балльных оценок блоков матрицы и их весовых коэффициентов и определения итогового коэффициента качестве доверительного управления. Предложенная методика использовалась для оценки качества доверительных услуг семнадцати отечественных компаний, отобранных из числа компаний, которые лидируют по объёму привлеченных активов. Модель формирования и реализации доверительного управления активами, которая комплексно соединяет в единую систему объекты и субъекты микро-и макроуровня, устанавливает функциональные связи между ними; выделяет индивидуальную и коллективную формы доверительных услуг, идентифицирует угрозы, влияющие на целостность активов инвесторов с разными финансовыми возможностями. Предложены варианты оптимизации состояния рынка доверительного управления путем использования законодательных инструментов и создание государственного мегарегулятора – единого государственного органа регулирования и контроля инвестирования на отечественном финансовом рынке. Усовершенствовано аналитическое обеспечение оценки качества доверительного управления путем построения модели иерархии факторов влияния на развитие доверительного управления финансовыми активами на отечественном финансовом рынке. Результаты исследования определили факторы, которые наиболее влияют на сектор доверительных услуг: государственное регулирование и налоговая политика в отношении доверительного управления финансовыми активами; гарантии возврата переданных в доверительное управление финансовых активов их владельцам. Установлен перечень действий по минимизации негативных последствий влияния факторов на развитие доверительного управления, в котором определены базовые параметры оптимальной инвестиционной стратегии, улучшен инструментарий информационного обеспечения, разработана схема эффективного риск-менеджмента КУА, что позволит определить регуляторные инструменты ограничения рисков и предложены варианты инвестиционного портфеля, варьирующихся в зависимости от рисков.
The dissertation studies the conceptual foundations of building an integrated system management of trust assets. The paper summarizes theoretical foundations of trust services, peculiarities of their provision, especially modern regulatory legislature the regulation of trust services, essence and conceptual basis for building trust services in the leading countries, assessed total market trust services in Ukraine's withdrawal from the world financial crisis, revealed the specific features of asset management companies, estimated investment strategy inherent in the domestic investor. The thesis optimized the formulation and implementation model of asset management, offered the method of analyzing the quality of trust services, improved analytical support for evaluating the quality of trust management by building a model of the hierarchy of factors influencing the development of financial trust management in the domestic financial market. It improved the classic investment strategies used in the asset management, the exercise of legislative regulation of market participants trust services through optimizing specific areas of information policy and the improvement of risk management, using best practices of leading financial and legal institutions.

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Martínez, Ana Laura, and Natali Arvidsson. "Balance Between Performance and Visual Quality in 3D Game Assets : Appropriateness of Assets for Games and Real-Time Rendering." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för speldesign, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-413871.

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This thesis explores the balance between visual quality and the performance of a 3D object for computer games. Additionally, it aims to help new 3D artists to create assets that are both visually adequate and optimized for real-time rendering. It further investigates the differences in the judgement of the visual quality of thosethat know computer graphics, and thosenot familiar with it. Many explanations of 3D art optimization are often highly technical and challenging for graphic artists to grasp. Additionally, they regularly neglect the effects of optimization to the visual quality of the assets. By testing several 3D assets to measure their render time while using a survey to gather their visual assessments, it was discovered that 3D game art is very contextual. No definite or straightforward way was identified to find the balance between art quality and performance universally. Neither when it comes to performance nor visuals. However, some interesting findings regarding the judgment of visual quality were observed and presented.
Den här uppsatsen utforskar balansen mellan visuell kvalitéoch prestanda i 3D modeller för spel. Vidare eftersträvar den att utgöra ett stöd för nya 3D-modelleingskonstnärer för att skapa modeller som är både visuellt adekvata och optimerade för att renderas i realtid. Dessutom undersöks skillnaden mellan omdömet av den visuella kvalitén mellan de som är bekanta med 3D datorgrafik och de som inte är det. Många förklaringar gällande optimering av 3D grafik är högst tekniska och utgör en utmaning för grafiker att förståsig på och försummar dessutom ofta effekten av hur optimering påverkar resultatet rent visuallet. Genom att testa ett flertal 3D modeller, mäta tiden det tar för dem att renderas, samt omdömen gällande visuella intryck, drogs slutsatsen att bedömning av 3D modellering för spel är väldigt kontextuell. Inget definitivt och enkelt sätt att hitta balansen mellan visuella kvalitén upptäcktes. Varken gällande prestanda eller visuell kvalité. Däremot gjordes några intressanta upptäckter angående bedömningen av den visuella kvalitén som observerades och presenterades.

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Moreira, Monica Rodrigues. "Gerenciamento estratégico da informação baseado na modelagem de bens de informação." Universidade Federal Fluminense, 2016. https://app.uff.br/riuff/handle/1/4236.

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Submitted by Joana Azevedo (joanad@id.uff.br) on 2017-08-21T14:09:26Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissert Monica Rodrigues Moreira.pdf: 2776884 bytes, checksum: 2795c3c544758a7440fced263220daae (MD5)
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Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-22T16:29:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissert Monica Rodrigues Moreira.pdf: 2776884 bytes, checksum: 2795c3c544758a7440fced263220daae (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-08-03
Esse trabalho tem o objetivo de contribuir para a melhoria do processo decisório das organizações baseadas em informação ao analisar o ciclo de vida da informação como uma ferramenta para a gestão estratégica da informação, bem como propor um método de se identificar e classificar bens de informação no contexto organizacional, considerando as especificidades de cada nível da organização. Para alcançar esse objetivo, além de uma ampla revisão da literatura, serão analisados os métodos/metodologias e técnicas de identificação de bens de informação e modelagem de fluxos informacionais à luz do Ciclo de Vida da Informação adotados no projeto MGIC – Modelo de Gestão da Informação e do Conhecimento e, ainda, observados os resultados desse projeto sob o enfoque da gestão da informação. A revisão da literatura permitiu considerar que a informação tem se tornado um dos mais importantes recursos para as organizações e, nesse sentido, o fluxo informacional ou o ciclo de vida dessa informação no contexto organizacional precisa ser gerenciado. Em adição, a análise dos resultados do projeto MGIC permitiu contrapor os aspectos percebidos na organização onde este foi executado com o que preconiza a literatura que trata do tema em estudo, principalmente no que tange a definição e classificação de bens de informação. A conclusão do trabalho indica métodos mais precisos de identificação e classificação dos bens de informação bem como uma proposta de modelagem de fluxo de informação que assegura um ciclo de vida da informação mais eficaz para o contexto das organizações baseadas em informação.
This work aims to contribute to improving the decision-making process of information-based organizations analyzing the life cycle of information as a tool for strategic information management, and propose a method to identify and classify information assets in organizational context, considering the specificities of each level of the organization. To achieve this goal, beyond the comprehensive literature review, it will analyze the methods / methodologies and techniques for identifying information assets and modeling of information flows in the light of the Information Lifecycle adopted in MGIC project - Information Management Model and knowledge and also, above all, the observed results of this project with a focus on information management. The literature review allowed us to consider that information has become one of the most important resources for organizations and, accordingly, the information flow or the life cycle of this information in the organizational context needs to be managed. In addition, the analysis of the results of MGIC project will oppose aspects perceived in the organization where it was implemented with which advocates the literature on the subject being studied, especially regarding the definition and classification of information assets. The conclusion of the study will indicate methods more accurate of the identification and classification of information assets as well as a proposal for information flow modeling methodology to ensure a life cycle of more effective information to the context of organizations based information.

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Ojeda, Jeanna Howell. "English as a second language writing revisited reading timed essay responses for overall quality and global assets /." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2004. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0003940.

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Chauhan, Lokendra Pratap Singh. "Modelling stock market performance of firms as a function of the quality and quantity of intellectual property owned." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/16218.

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This thesis attempts to analyze a part of the big and complex process of how intellectual property ownership and technological innovation influence the performance of firms and their revenues. Here I analyze a firm's stock market performance as a function of the quantity and quality of intellectual property (patents) owned by the firm in context of the three US high-technology sectors, Pharmaceuticals, Semiconductors and Wireless. In these sectors, value of a firm is predominantly driven by the technologies which a firm owns. I use citation based indicators and number of claims to measure the quality of patents. This research presents empirical evidence for the hypothesis that in high-tech sectors, companies which generate better quality intellectual property perform better than average in the stock market. I also posit that firms which are producing better quality technologies (good R&D) invest more in R&D regardless of their market performance. Furthermore, though smaller firms get relatively less returns on quality and quantity of innovation, they tend to invest a bigger fraction of their total assets in R&D when they are generating high quality patents. Larger firms enjoy the super-additivity effects in terms of market performance as the same intellectual property gives better returns to them. In addition, returns to R&D are relatively higher in the pharmaceutical industry than semiconductor or wireless industries.

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Aniulienė, Rosita. "Paslaugų kokybės vertinimas pacienčių ir medikų požiūriu universitetinės ligoninės moterų konsultacijoje." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2006. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2006~D_20060615_104705-45256.

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The aim of the study – to assess the consultation service quality provided for patients in the maternity academic clinic. Methods. The anonymous poll has been proceeded in September, 2005. It included all physicians of the university clinic such as obstetricians and gynecologists (N=68, response rate - 94.4 %) and all patients visited in the clinic during the research period (N=334, response rate 81.1 %). The consultation service quality was assessed with the structured questionnaire by Ferguson et all. Data of respondents was analyzed and statistically justified by using the „SPSS 10.03“. Results. The study showed that majority of patients positively assessed the technical aspect of service quality. The patients were satisfied with clear indoor signs and references as well as with comprehended and obvious oral instructions. The majority of patients were also complied to the statements that the clothing and appearance and of clinic staff was clean and ordered, that health care means, methods and regulations are secured and appropriate for patients, that medical equipment is advanced and modern, that all physicians of the clinic are competent and qualified. We have also determined that 53.7 % of clinical workers accepted and 28.4 % rejected the statement that the equipment and indoor rooms were sterile and aseptic. The majority of patients and clinic staff members assessed positively the functional service quality in clinic: enough information about necessity and aims of... [to full text]

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Hlavaty, Laura Elizabeth. "Understanding Developmental Differences in ADHD: Exploring Patterns of Symptoms, Impairment, Risk, and Compensatory Skills Based on Age of Initial Diagnosis." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1568222347708541.

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Ahmadi, Mehdi. "Gestion patrimoniale des réseaux d’assainissement : Impact de la qualité des données et du paramétrage du modèle utilisé sur l’évaluation de l’état des tronçons et des patrimoines." Thesis, Lyon, INSA, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ISAL0034/document.

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La gestion patrimoniale vise à choisir les meilleures décisions d’actions à mener sur les éléments du patrimoine, pour limiter les risques, optimiser les performances et réduire les couts. Dans ce manuscrit, nous avons adapté la définition spécifique de la gestion proactive des réseaux d’assainissement aux pratiques des gestionnaires pour passer de la maintenance post-défaillance à une politique de gestion patrimoniale proactive sur le long-terme. Pour cela, nous avons identifié les verrous suivants qui sont abordés dans le manuscrit. Premièrement, il est nécessaire de pouvoir élaborer les programmes d’inspections à partir de modèles de détérioration pour optimiser les budgets alloués. Malgré le développement de nombreux modèles de détérioration, l’influence de la qualité et de la disponibilité des données (incomplétude, imprécision, incertitude) sur la puissance prédictive des modèles n’a pas été étudiée en détail. Nous avons abordé cette question en proposant deux méthodes pour déterminer la liste des facteurs les plus informatifs à partir d’un échantillon représentatif. Entre autres, nos résultats suggèrent que l’imprécision sur une donnée est préférable à ne pas disposer de cette donnée. Nous avons également montré que la notion de « quartier » pourrait être utilisée, sous certaines conditions, pour compenser la non-connaissance de l’âge des conduites. Deuxièmement, une fois les conduites inspectées, leur état de santé doit être évalué à l’aide d’un protocole identique pour l’ensemble du patrimoine. Il est nécessaire que le protocole utilisé puisse minimiser les erreurs de sur- ou sous-estimation en fonction des choix des gestionnaires. Nous avons proposé une procédure prenant en compte ces choix, ainsi que l’état global du patrimoine considéré. Les études de sensibilité réalisées à partir des données d’inspection d’une partie du patrimoine du Grand Lyon montrent que l’état de santé évalué dépend fortement des choix faits par le gestionnaire concernant la sur- ou sous-estimation. Troisièmement, peu de patrimoines ont actuellement été complètement inspectés et évalués. Ainsi, l’utilisation d’un échantillon représentatif d’un patrimoine semble obligatoire pour pouvoir calibrer des modèles justifiant les décisions comme par exemple un modèle de détérioration. Après avoir généré différents échantillons de différentes tailles et selon différentes méthodes d’échantillonnage, à l’aide de la méthode de Monte Carlo, nous avons pu proposer une procédure pour étudier l’influence des caractéristiques de l’échantillon sur les résultats du modèle de détérioration. A partir d’analyses statistiques, nous avons montré que le processus de calage (des modèles) dépend fortement de l’échantillon disponible, et cela peut donc conduire à des résultats erronés
Asset management ensures that the best decisions are made for elements of the asset in order to reduce risks, optimize performance and minimize costs. A proactive asset management includes development of prioritization schemes for selection of inspection and rehabilitation needs. In this regard, we have identified the following bottlenecks which are addressed in this manuscript. First, there is a need of elaborating inspection programs based on deterioration models in order to be more cost-effective. The influence of availability and quality of data (imprecision, uncertainty, incompleteness) on models’ predictive power has not been studied in depth. We propose two methods to establish the list of the most informative factors from a representative sample of an asset stock. Among other results, this study would suggest that having imprecision in the database is preferable to having a database with no information on one specific factor. Second, once segments are inspected, they should be evaluated by a condition grading protocol. Though various condition grading protocols have been developed, they all fail to undertake the sensitivity of managers and stakeholders to the over or under-estimation of assets’ condition grade as many sources of uncertainty could be found within the condition assessment process. We propose a procedure in order to deal with this uncertainty. We also carry out some sensitivity analyses of parameters employed in this procedure. The results of these sensitivity tests are then applied to a part of the Greater Lyon asset stock. The results show that the assessment of segments into a condition grade depends heavily on the hypotheses that a manager could make about the under or over-estimation of its assets’ condition. Third, at the moment small number of utilities has completely inspected and evaluated their asset stocks. Therefore, the use of a representative sample from an asset stock in order to calibrate decision-support models as deterioration models seems mandatory. Nevertheless, in this regard we should tackle with following problematic issues: 1) How to draw a representative sample of an asset stock which reflects the characteristics of this asset stock? and 2) What is the impact of used sample on the calibration outcomes of these multivariate models? Hence, by drawing several samples with different sizes according to different sampling methods and applying Monte Carlo method, we have proposed a procedure in order to study the influence of available sample on the outcomes of a multivariate model. By proposing some statistical analyses, we showed that the calibration process depends extremely on available sample which could results, if this latter is not drawn properly, into erroneous conclusions

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O'Brien, Patricia Ann, and patricia o'brien@rmit edu au. "COncepts and costs for the maintenance of productive capacity: a study of the measurement and reporting of soil quality." RMIT University. Accounting and Law, 1999. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20040930.170346.

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This thesis studies the role accounting plays in the monitoring and reporting of soil quality in one sector of the agricultural industry, broadacre farming. A survey was conducted with broadacre farmers in the Loddon Catchment, Victoria, Australia. The primary aim was to determine the effectiveness accounting plays in providing information to decision makers relative to the productive capacity in soil quality and not just on profits. The capital asset in this study was defined as soil quality. Soils and soil quality in particular, are major elements in determining land value. The concern is decisions are being made by potential buyers and other decision makers, particularly policy makers, with regards to soil quality on the basis of incomplete and often misleading information. It is proposed that a major reason is due to the fact that different participants in the agricultural and accounting industries require and use different information. The accounting systems used by farmers are those that have been developed for the manufacturing sector which may not be appropriate for managing long-term, complex resources such as soil. The farmers themselves did not find formal accounting reports useful for decision making because these reports are based on uniform standards and market prices. The topic of soil quality and land degradation is viewed from two perspectives. In one perspective, the proprietary view; the accounting emphasis is on the ownership of assets and the change, both in income and capital, in these assets over time. In this case the accounting equation is seen as assets - liabilities = equities. The proprietor takes all the risk. A more recent perspective in accounting, the entity view, emphasises the assets whether financed from equity or debt and where the accounting equation is seen as assets = equities. The emphasis changes to the income flow from these assets and more interest is shown in current market prices as a reflection of the future value of these assets Profit is not necessarily a good indicator of what farmers are doing for their capital asset. There needs to be greater emphasis on costs undertaken for the conservation of soil. Those costs should be considered an investment and put into the balance sheet and not the profit and loss statement. The major finding of study demonstrates that decision making groups have different

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Pereira, Filipa Chedas de Sampaio e. Sousa. "Earnings management determinants in non-listed european companies." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/13536.

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Mestrado em Contabilidade, Fiscalidade e Finanças Empresariais
O objetivo do presente estudo é descobrir quais os determinantes da gestão de resultados por accruals nas empresas não cotadas europeias. Estudos anteriores baseiam-se essencialmente nas características da gestão de resultados nas empresas cotadas, ficando as empresas não cotadas postas, por vezes, de fora dos estudos académicos. No entanto, reconhece-se que é mais provável as empresas não cotadas incorrerem em práticas de gestão de resultados do que as empresas cotadas (Burgstahler et al., 2006). Ao longo da nossa investigação, tentámos perceber as principais razões por detrás da gestão de resultados por accruals nas empresas não cotadas e se existem motivações específicas que expliquem porque é que a prática de gestão de resultados é comum neste setor. Utilizando dados da Amadeus, o trabalho foca-se em empresas não cotadas de 14 países Europeus. Os resultados evidenciam que «leverage», «size», «growth» e «assets profitability» (Return on Assets - ROA) são relevantes para entender porque é que as empresas incorrem em gestão de resultados (o que está em linha com estudos anteriores).
The aim of this study is to determine accruals earnings management causes in non-listed companies. Prior surveys mostly exploit earnings management characteristics in stock-market corporations, thus the unlisted companies' sector has been left out of the academic research. However, it is known that unlisted companies are more likely to engage in earnings management practices than listed firms (Burgstahler et al., 2006). Throughout our investigation we've tried to find the main reasons behind accruals earnings management in non-listed firms and if there were specific motivations that explain why earnings management practices are more common in this sector. Using data collected from the Amadeus database, the work focuses on unlisted firms from fourteen European countries. Overall results provided evidence that «leverage», «size», «growth» and «assets profitability» (Return on Assets - ROA) are relevant to understand why companies engage in earnings management (which is in line with previous studies).
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

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Rolland, Thierry. "Adaptation des méthodes d'échantillonnage et d'analyse en rivières méditerranéennes du Sud-est de la France : étude de l'hétérogénéité spatio-temporelle de l'épilithon et de la dérive algale." Aix-Marseille 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995AIX30071.

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La phytocenose algale des rivieres mediterraneennes est soumise aux aleas de leur regime hydrologique tres irregulier. L'inadequation des methodes d'echantillonnage des algues dans les ecosystemes lotiques nous a conduit a developper et definir une methode adaptee aux rivieres du sud-est de la france a partir d'un decoupage fin de sections transversales ou sont etudies simultanement d'une part, les principaux parametres hydrodynamiques, hydrauliques et morphologiques et, d'autre part, les algues epilithiques et en derive. L'asse, riviere des alpes de haute provence a ete choisie comme riviere de reference pour tester cette methode. La repartition des algues epilithiques, a l'echelle intra-stationnelle, est fonction en premier lieu de la vitesse du courant (v) et secondairement, de la profondeur (p) ainsi que de la composition du substrat. Le rapport v/p permet de caracteriser les secteurs preferentiels de prospection. La derive algale, composee d'algues epilithiques, se repartit selon deux gradients de concentration en fonction du rayon hydraulique du transect. La validation de cette methode est basee sur l'etude de neuf autres rivieres mediterraneennes d'altitude et de plaine, naturelles ou amenagees et coulant sur substrats calcaire ou cristallin. Ces recherches permettent de proposer une methode d'echantillonnage des algues epilithiques et en derive adaptee aux cours d'eau du sud-est de la france. Pour les algues epilithiques, la vitesse du courant, la profondeur, le rapport v/p et la composition du substrat sont les quatre facteurs a prendre simultanement en consideration (les classes de chaque parametre different entre les rivieres d'altitude et de plaine). Pour les algues en derive, le protocole consiste a prelever 5 echantillons (un a chaque rive et aux trois niveaux de profondeur sur une verticale de mesures situee dans l'axe du chenal). L'influence des principales perturbations naturelles (nature du substrat, variations nycthemerales, stabilite du milieu sur le peuplement epilithique en ete, pression de broutage par les invertebres benthiques, recolonisation apres une crue) ont ete analysee. L'estimation de la qualite des eaux est realisee par l'analyse comparee entre les parametres physico-chimiques et biotiques

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Melz, Laércio Juarez. "Impactos da qualidade do relacionamento e dos investimentos específicos no desempenho dos suinocultores brasileiros." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2016. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/12325.

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The research evaluates the impact of the Relationship Quality and the Investments in Specific Assets on the Business Performance of Brazilian pig farmers. Pig meat production in Brazil, as in other countries, has grown based on vertical coordination and production contracts. The increasing need for stable supply of pigs and the environmental uncertainty faced by the companies make them invest in long terms relationships instead of single transactions. On the other hand, pig farmers face the decision of maintain long term contracts or transact with several slaughterhouses. The relationship between firms has been extensively studied, both in Brazil and abroad, especially from approaches of the Transaction Costs Economy and Relationship Quality. The first one has the transaction as the unit of analysis and the second one focuses on long term relationship. While ECT is based on the assumptions of bounded rationality and opportunism QR believes in a relationship based on trust, commitment and satisfaction between partners, and that the assumptions from ECT can be superseded by clear information sharing and higher contact frequency. If there is good Relationship Quality, it is possible that the pig farmer makes more investments in specific assets, increases production scale and improve the quality of his pigs. In the end, these investments will reflect in better Performance, both financial and not. Based on this argument, we measure the Relationship Quality from the dimensions: Satisfaction; Commitment and Trust. A scale for measuring Specific Assets Investments was developed. The Business Performance was measured both by Financial and non Financial Performance variables. Data were collected in different States in Brazil with a questionnaire using likert scales and included the constructs Opportunism, Uncertainty and Frequency. The sample size is 100 pig farmers. The Partial Least Squares Path Modeling (PLS-PM) technique was used to test the hypotheses. As a result, the descriptive statistics show that Relationship Quality is good for pig farmers, as well as their Business Performance, but Investments in Specific Assets are present and important. Interviewees do not perceive existence of Opportunism of the partner, but as Uncertainties exist. The structural model shows that Relationship Quality and Specific Assets Investments have significant impact on interviewed pig farmers Business Performance. Both impacts confirm the main hypotheses. Also, Relationship Quality has positive impact on the Specific Assets Investments. Secondary Uncertainty and Opportunism have negative impact on Relationship Quality. In this sample, Primary and Secondary Uncertainties have no impact on Specific Assets Investments. The Frequency of the Transaction does not show impact on the Specific Assets Investments, in the same way, Contact Frequency does not impact on Relationship Quality.
A pesquisa avalia o impacto da Qualidade do Relacionamento e dos Investimentos em Ativos Específicos no Desempenho Empresarial dos suinocultores do Brasil. A produção de carne suína no Brasil tem aumentado, assim como em outros países, baseada na coordenação vertical e nos contratos de produção. A crescente necessidade de estabilidade no fornecimento de suínos e as incertezas ambientais enfrentadas pelas empresas faz com que elas invistam mais em relacionamentos de longo prazo ao invés de transações únicas. Por outro lado, os suinocultores encaram a decisão de manter um contrato ou transacionar com grande número de frigoríficos. O relacionamento entre empresas tem sido amplamente estudado, tanto no Brasil quanto no exterior, especialmente a partir das abordagens da Economia dos Custos de Transação e da Qualidade do Relacionamento. A primeira tem a transação com unidade de análise, enquanto a segunda tem foco nos relacionamentos de longo prazo. Enquanto a ECT é baseada nos pressupostos da racionalidade limitada e do oportunismo, a QR se baseia na confiança, comprometimento e satisfação entre as partes, e de que os pressupostos da ECT podem ser superados pela clareza nas informações compartilhadas e maior frequência de contato. Havendo boa Qualidade do Relacionamento, é possível que o suinocultor invista em ativos específicos, ganhe escala e melhore a qualidade dos seus suínos. Ao final, esses investimentos e melhorias na qualidade resultam em melhor Desempenho, financeiro ou não. Com base neste argumento, mede-se a Qualidade do Relacionamento a partir das dimensões: Satisfação; Comprometimento e Confiança. Para os Investimentos em Ativos Específicos foi desenvolvida uma escala específica. O Desempenho Empresarial é mensurado a partir de variáveis de Desempenho Financeiro e Não Financeiro. Os dados foram coletados por questionário em diferentes estados do Brasil, através de escalas likert e incluíram, além de construtos principais, outros explicativos como Oportunismo, Incerteza e Frequência. O tamanho da amostra é de 100 suinocultores. A técnica de Modelagem de Equações Estruturais com Mínimos Quadrados Ordinários (PLS-PM) é utilizada para testar as hipóteses. Como resultado, as estatísticas descritivas demonstram que a Qualidade do Relacionamento é boa na opinião dos suinocultores, assim como o seu Desempenho Empresarial, mas, os Investimentos em Ativos Específicos estão presentes e são importantes. Os entrevistados não percebem existência de Oportunismo do parceiro, mas as Incertezas existem. O modelo estrutural mostra que a Qualidade do Relacionamento e os Investimentos em Ativos Específicos têm impacto positivo no Desempenho Empresarial dos suinocultores entrevistados. Ambos os impactos confirmam as principais hipóteses propostas. Também se confirma o impacto da Qualidade do Relacionamento sobre os Investimentos em Ativos Específicos. Incerteza Secundária e Oportunismo impactam negativamente na Qualidade do Relacionamento. Nesta amostra, as Incertezas Primária e Secundária não impactam nos Investimentos em Ativos Específicos. A Frequência da Transação não mostra impacto sobre os Investimentos, da mesma forma, a Frequência de Contato não impacta na Qualidade do Relacionamento.

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Pernica, Martin. "Metody oceňování dlouhodobých hmotných aktiv v podniku." Doctoral thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-233723.

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This dissertation work deals with theme of appraisement long term tangible assets in company in terms of intradepartmental bookkeeping, which company give upon voluntary base. Work is situated into five independent parts, when is the first devoted delimitation financial and intradepartmental bookkeeping and differences between them. Furthermore is mention about legislative delimitation single access to appraisement in terms of both bookkeeping. Second part is focused on substantial of meaning subject of dissertation work. Third part discusses about theoretic bases this work; define difference in appraisement that is based on prices found out on basis of court expert record against appraisement real value. Next part is devoted research, from whose coming - out designed model of appraisement real value. Follows by work evaluation, her scientific contribution to theory, practice and pedagogy.

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Постол, В. В. "Методичні та прикладні аспекти обліку і контролю процесу інвентаризації (на прикладі ТОВ «Мірас-Медікал»)." Thesis, Одеський національний економічний університет, 2021. http://local.lib/diploma/Postol.pdf.

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Доступ до роботи тільки на території бібліотеки ОНЕУ, для переходу натисніть на посилання нижче
Кваліфікаційна робота складається з трьох розділів. Об’єкт дослідження − процес організації обліку та контролю інвентаризації на ТОВ «Мірас-Медікал». У роботі розглядаються теоретичні аспекти інвентаризаційного процесу та відображення його в бухгалтерському обліку, розкривається сутність інвентаризації, визначаються її завдання та класифікація. Розглядається регламентація процесу інвентаризації на торгівельних підприємствах фармацевтичної галузі. Досліджується документальне забезпечення інвентаризаційного процесу за етапами. Надається організаційно-економічна характеристика ТОВ «Мірас-Медікал» та розкриваються особливості інвентаризації активів та зобов’язань на досліджуваному підприємстві. Досліджується порядок відображення результатів інвентаризації у системі бухгалтерського обліку. Проаналізована ефективність інвентаризаційної роботи та розглянуто проблемні аспекти оцінювання якості інвентаризації. Розкрито методичні аспекти аудиту інвентаризації активів і зобов’язань та запропоновано напрями удосконалення контрольних заходів при здійсненні інвентаризації на вітчизняних підприємствах
Thesis consists of three chapters. Object of study – the process of organizing accounting and inventory control at LLC «Miras-Medical». The paper considers the theoretical aspects of the inventory process and its reflection in accounting, reveals the essence of inventory, defines its objectives and classification. The regulation of the inventory process at trade enterprises of the pharmaceutical industry is considered. The documentary support of the inventory process by stages is investigated. The organizational and economic characteristics of «Miras-Medical» LLC are provided and the peculiarities of inventory of assets and liabilities at the researched enterprise are revealed. The order of reflection of inventory results in the accounting system is investigated. The efficiency of inventory work is analyzed and problematic aspects of inventory quality assessment are considered. The methodological aspects of the audit of the inventory of assets and liabilities are revealed and the directions of improvement of control measures during the inventory at domestic enterprises are suggested.

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Louro, Pedro Lobato Pereira Castanheiro. "Liquidity rules in Basel III : a test on the largest portuguese banks." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/7677.

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Mestrado em Finanças
O principal objectivo da presente dissertação foi uma análise preliminar sobre os novos regulamentos provenientes do Basileia III, nomeadamente, uma análise inicial ao Liquidity Coverage Ratio e a sua aplicação prática assim como os seus benefícios na gestão do risco de liquidez nas instituições financeiras. Neste sentido, foram seleccionadas as 5 instituições financeiras, à data de 31 de Dezembro de 2012, que representavam a amostra mais relevante em termos de actividade no sector Português da banca comercial ("mercado bancário" Português). Recorrendo ao Liquidity Coverage Ratio obtido, foi possível observar que o "mercado bancário" português apresentou, inicialmente, um Liquidity Coverage Ratio acima do requerido pelo Basileia III (60%). O Liquidity Coverage Ratio obtido no "mercado bancário" Português foi de 102% em 2013. Num cenário simulado de stress, pode ser verificado que, o mínimo que a carteira de activos líquidos de alta qualidade no "mercado bancário" pode cair é de aproximadamente 59% do seu valor, à data de 31 de Dezembro de 2013, e ainda assim existem condições para cumprir com o mínimo requerido pelo Basileia III (60%). De acordo com todas as análises realizadas, foi possível concluir que o "mercado bancário" Português, tem capacidade para suportar, eficientemente, qualquer cenário de stress financeiro. Desta forma, o mercado detém uma quantidade suficiente de activos líquidos de alta qualidade, que podem fácil e rapidamente ser convertidos em dinheiro (nos sector privados) que suportem uma volatilidade de mercado significativa ou cenários de stress que durem mais de 30 dias.
The main objective of the present dissertation was a preliminary analysis of the new regulatory package of Basel III, namely, a first analysis of the Liquidity Coverage Ratio computation, its practical application and its benefits for liquidity risk management in financial institutions. For this purposes, it was selected a sample of 5 Portuguese financial institutions which, as at 31 December 2012, represented the most relevant financial institutions with retail banking activities (Portuguese "banking market"). Considering the average Liquidity Coverage Ratio obtained it was possible to observe that the Portuguese "banking market" started to present a Liquidity Coverage Ratio clearly above the Basel III minimum requirement (60%). The Liquidity Coverage Ratio obtained by the Portuguese "banking market" insofar was 102% for 2013. In a simulated stress scenario, we were able to verify that the minimum which Portuguese "banking market" high quality liquidity assets stock could drop was approximately 59% of its value, at 31st of December 2013, and still maintain the conditions to fulfil the Basel III minimum requirement (60%). According to all the analysis performed, it was possible to conclude that the Portuguese "banking market" has the ability to efficiently sustain, any financial stress scenario. In this sense, holds sufficient stock of high quality liquidity assets that could be easily and immediately converted into cash (in private markets) in order to sustain a significant market volatility or stress scenarios lasting over 30 calendar days.

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Olivier, Vanessa. "Managing mobile learning in a higher education environment / Olivier V." Thesis, North-West University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/7297.

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The aim of this study is to conduct a thorough theoretical study on mobile learning (mlearning) in order to achieve the primary objective of the study which is to develop a general framework to implement and manage mobile technologies in a higher education environment. The focus of the literature study was to research the state of mobile technologies and their relevance to teaching and learning. The literature study investigate the implications of mobile technologies for students, lecturers and thus for the institution and provided an overview of frameworks found in literature with the emphasis on the management of m–learning within the higher education institution. M–learning is part of a new mobile conception of society, with the mobility of the technologies impacting on the mobility of the students, the lecturers and ultimately on the mobility of higher education. Literature suggests that, while m–learning is proving to be innovative, the factors that most strongly impact on the ultimate success or failure of mlearning will depend on human factors, the balancing of technological ideals and pedagogical imperatives, and the successful management of the interface between human educational systems and technology systems. The proposed general framework focuses on addressing key issues related to m–learning from the perspective of the student, the lecturer and thus the institution. In order to remain competitive higher education needs to be diligent in maintaining the complex technology infrastructure that supports a thriving mobile culture that will meet and exceed the expectations of both lecturers and students. The empirical research conducted had as objectives to investigate the mobile technology assets of respondents with regard to the hardware and the software that they own, the mobile technology actions of respondents in regard to what they do with the mobile technology that they own and to investigate the respondent's attitude towards mobile technologies. A survey was designed and distributed to a sampling of the academic staff and students of the North–West University (NWU) in South Africa, specifically the Potchefstroom Campus. There is ample proof from the empirical study that there is a gap with regard to the level of accessibility, usage, and attitude with regards to the different interest groups in the higher education environment. Higher education institutions should invest in investigating these gaps further and in leveraging off the benefits of the effective management of these technologies to improve teaching and learning. The final chapter concludes with a summary of the secondary objectives researched in the literature (Chapter two) and empirical research (Chapter three) chapters in order to support recommendations towards the primary objective of this study. The rapid pace of adoption and advancement of mobile technologies creates opportunities for new and innovative services provided through such mobile devices. Higher education finds itself in the early innings of the mobile Internet pulling both lecturers and students towards the same place: smaller, faster, cheaper devices working together in a web of connectivity. Recommendations were made in this final chapter on how higher education institutions can leverage the benefits of the effective management of mobile technologies to improve teaching and learning. M–learning has the potential to increase the capacity of higher education through improving efficiency and productivity of teaching and learning. Mlearning could address challenges related to quality of teaching such as continuous professional training, lifelong upgrading, connecting with academics worldwide and communicating effectively with students. Higher education is discovering the potential of mlearning to promote student engagement and improving the quality of learning. Management of higher education institutions and systems, management of policymaking including storage and analysis of data, construction and assessment of policy scenarios, and tracer studies or academic tracking systems can be improved through the use of m–learning. Mobile technologies will continue to increasingly become an integral part of students' and lecturers' private and day to day lives and m–learning will be integral in educational content delivery. Additional research is required to study the effective and optimal implementation of m–learning. A better understanding of the benefits and leverage thereof is required and additional research should provide answers to these questions.
Thesis (M.B.A.)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2012.

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Yi-ChiehWen and 溫宜潔. "Cash Asset Management and Audit Quality." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/2c4re9.

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博士
國立成功大學
會計學系
103
According to the theoretical concepts for tunneling behaviors and free-cash-flow agency problems, the entrenched managers may engage in value-destroying activities through the accessibility and discretion of cash holdings. Thus, it is extremely important to monitor the efficient use of cash assets and to understand the impact of cash holdings on firm value. This study examines the effect of different audit quality or characteristics on the marginal value of cash assets for U.S. publicly traded firms during the period from 1991 to 2010. Not only does the efficiency of cash asset management reflect firm value through internal governance process, but it may also affect market value through external monitoring function. Higher audit quality provides more credible financial information and enhances the assurance value of the audit. The empirical results find that the marginal value of cash assets is higher for firms with Big 4 auditors than firms with non-Big4 or only Second-tier auditors. Moreover, firms with industry specialist auditors exhibit a greater premium for an extra dollar of cash assets compared to non-specialist auditors. The conclusions hold after performing propensity score matching to alleviate the endogenity of auditor selection and are robust after controlling for the post-SOX period, auditor switches, and corporate governance. This evidence suggests that the efficiency of cash asset management and the reduction of agency costs can contribute to firm value through higher quality audits. Thus, external auditors also serve as the financial gatekeepers of firms’ cash assets.

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LIU, YING-WEN, and 劉盈彣. "The Effect of Asset Impairment Recognition Pattern on Quality of Assets Impairment Disclosure." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/y73gmt.

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碩士
輔仁大學
會計學系碩士班
106
As there were few literature focus on the topic of asset impairment loss in the financial statements in the past. The objective of this study is to examine whether the asset impairment loss continuity and gains on reversal of impairment loss affect the overall disclosure quality of impairment loss, disclosure quality of non-goodwill assets impairment loss, disclosure quality of impairment loss generated from cash-generating units (non-goodwill & goodwill assets), disclosure quality of impairment loss generated from goodwill and disclosure quality of impairment loss generated from intangible assets with indefinite useful lives. Using data of 1,978 firm-year observations listed in Taiwan from 2010 to 2015, results indicate that the asset impairment loss continuity has significant effects on dependent variable which is disclosure quality of asset impairment loss. By adopting the different definitions of continuity of asset impairment loss, it is found that a company’s non-initial of recognition continuity of impairment loss assists the disclosure quality of impairment loss. In contrast, initial of recognition continuity of impairment loss can have negative impact. In conclusion, this research gets the opposite empirical results of the relationship of disclosure quality of asset impairment loss and initial, non-initial recognition. In addition, gains on reversal of impairment loss has no significant effects on the dependent variable which is disclosure quality of asset impairment loss.

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39

Erasmus, Coert Frederik. "Determinants of asset quality in South African banks." Thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/25138.

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The maturity transformation of deposits is a primary driver of economic growth, as loans enable borrowers to spend funds, thereby growing the economy. However, if borrowers cannot repay their loans, the asset quality of banks deteriorate, resulting in non-performing loans or, worse, an economic crisis. An understanding of how macroeconomic and microeconomic determinants impact bank asset quality in South Africa can contribute to knowledge of the bank asset quality phenomenon in the African context. Due to the 2008/2009 global financial crisis, the introduction of new legislation and the value of gold exports, the South African economy presents an opportunity to make an original contribution to the knowledge of determinants that influence bank asset quality. In addition to studying bank asset quality determinants that are contested in research, this study also aims to determine whether a superior returns determinant of non-performing loans exists when comparing a bank’s profitability determinants, namely return on assets, return on equity and interest income on loans. This study applied panel data regression analysis, making use of a balanced panel approach, to study the determinants of bank asset quality. This approach recontextualises the existing bank asset quality theory for the South African financial sector. The results indicate that South Africa is not resilient against the impact of global financial crises trickling through international trade linkages and that regulatory changes do not instantly improve bank asset quality, and may even reduce the short-term asset quality. Moreover, bank asset quality in South Africa is sensitive to the total value of gold exports. It is evident from the profitability measures that the interest income on loans is the most suitable profitability measure of bank asset quality. This study provides an original contribution to bank asset quality determinants and recommends that regulators should pre-emptively determine the impact of new legislation on bank asset quality. Furthermore, interest income on loans as a profitability measure provides the most accurate results. Lastly, a single-country bank asset quality analysis is important, especially for economies that have commodity exports that significantly weigh in on the bank asset mix.
Die termyntransformasie rakende deposito's is die primêre dryfkrag vir groei in die ekonomie: Lenings maak dit vir leners moontlik om fondse te bestee, wat die ekonomie laat groei. Indien hierdie leners hul lenings egter nie kan terugbetaal nie, gaan die gehalte van bankbates agteruit, wat tot wanpresterende lenings of, nog erger, tot 'n ekonomiese krisis kan lei. As begryp kan word hoe makro-ekonomiese en mikro-ekonomiese bepalende faktore op die gehalte van bankbates in Suid-Afrika inwerk, kan dit bydra tot kennis van die verskynsel van bankbategehalte in die Afrika-konteks. In die lig van die 2008/2009 wêreldwye finansiële krisis, die uitvaardiging van nuwe wetgewing en die waarde van gouduitvoere bied die Suid-Afrikaanse ekonomie ’n geleentheid om ’n oorspronklike bydrae te lewer tot kennis van die bepalende faktore wat bankbategehalte beïnvloed. Benewens die bestudering van die bepalende faktore van die gehalte van bankbates wat in navorsing redelik omstrede is, het hierdie studie ten doel om, wanneer 'n bank se winsgewendheidsbepalers, naamlik opbrengs op bates, opbrengs op ekwiteit (eiekapitaal) en rente-inkomste op lenings, met mekaar vergelyk word, vas te stel of daar ’n superieure opbrengsbepaler van wanpresterende lenings bestaan. Vir hierdie studie is ’n regressieontleding van paneeldata uitgevoer, en daar is van ’n gebalanseerde paneelbenadering gebruik gemaak om die bepalende faktore van bankbategehalte te bestudeer. Hierdie benadering herkontekstualiseer die bestaande bankbategehalteteorie vir die Suid-Afrikaanse finansiële sektor. Die resultate van die studie dui daarop dat Suid-Afrika nie veerkragtig is om die uitwerking van wêreldwye finansiële krisisse teen te werk wat met internasionale handelskakelings deursyfer nie en dat reguleringsveranderinge nie dadelik die bankbategehalte verbeter nie; dit kan inteendeel die korttermynbategehalte verlaag. Bowendien is die bankbategehalte in Suid-Afrika gevoelig vir die totale waarde van gouduitvoere. Dit blyk uit die winsgewendheidsmaatstawwe dat die rente-inkomste op lenings die mees geskikte winsgewendheidsmaatstaf van bankbategehalte is. Hierdie studie lewer ’n oorspronklike bydrae tot die bepalers van bankbategehalte en beveel aan dat reguleerders vooruit reeds die uitwerking van nuwe wetgewing op bankbategehalte moet bepaal. Daarby voorsien rente-inkomste op lenings as winsgewendheidsmaatstaf die akkuraatste resultate. Laastens is ’n ontleding van ’n enkele land se bankbategehalte van belang, in die besonder vir ekonomieë met kommoditeitsuitvoere wat beduidend tot die samestelling van bankbates bydra.
Kadimo ya nako ye kopana ya ditipositi ke mokgwa wo bohlokwa wa kgolo ya ekonomi, ka ge dikadimo di dumelela baadimi go šomiša matlotlo, go realo e le go godiša ekonomi. Efela, ge baadimi ba sa kgone go lefela dikadimo tša bona, boleng bja thoto ya dipanka bo a phuhlama, go feleletša go e ba le dikadimo tše di sa šomego gabotse goba, go feta fao, phuhlamo ya ekonomi. Kwešišo ya ka fao ditaetšo tša makroekonomi le maekroekonomi di huetšago boleng bja thoto ya panka ka Afrika Borwa e ka ba le seabe go tsebo ya taba ya boleng bja thoto ya panka go ya ka seemo sa Afrika. Ka lebaka la mathata a ditšhelete a lefase a 2008/2009, tsebišo ya molao wo moswa le boleng bja dithomelontle tša gauta, ekonomi ya Afrika Borwa e fa sebaka seabe sa mathomo tsebong ya ditaetšo tšeo di huetšago boleng bja thoto ya panka. Go tlaleletša nyakišišong ya ditaetšo tša boleng bja thoto ya panka tšeo di ganetšwago nyakišišong, maikemišetšo a nyakišišo ye gape ke go laetša ge eba taetšo ya letseno le legolo la dikadimo tše di sa šomego gabotse di gona ge go bapetšwa ditaetšo tša poelo ya panka, e lego letseno la dithoto, letseno la dišere le letseno la dikadimo. Nyakišišo ye e šomišitše tshekatsheko ya poelomorago ya datha ya phanele, ya go šomiša mokgwa wa phanele wo o lekaneditšwego, go nyakišiša ditaetšo tša boleng bja thoto ya panka. Mokgwa wa go tšwetšapele gape teori ya boleng bja thoto ya panka ya lekala la Afrika Borwa la ditšhelete. Dipoelo di laetša gore Afrika Borwa ga e fokole kgahlanong le khuetšo ya mathata a ditšhelete a lefase ao a rothelago ka dikamanong tša kgwebišano ya boditšhabatšhaba le gore diphetogo tša taolo ga di kaonafatše boleng bja thoto ya panka ka lebelo, gomme di ka fokotša le boleng bja thoto bja paka ye kopana. Go feta fao, boleng bja thoto ya panka ka Afrika Borwa bo ela hloko boleng bja palomoka bja dithomelontle tša gauta. Go a bonagala go tšwa go dikgato tša tiro ya poelo gore letseno la tswala godimo ga dikadimo ke kgato ya poelo ye maleba gagolo ya boleng bja thoto ya panka. Nyakišišo ye e fa seabe sa mathomo ditaetšo tša boleng bja thoto ya panka gomme e šišinya gore balaodi ba swanela go laetša e sa le ka pela khuetšo ya molao wo moswa ka ga boleng bja thoto ya panka. Go feta fao, letseno la tswala godimo ga dikadimo bjalo ka kelo ya tiro ya poelo le go fa dipoelo tše di lebanego gabotse. Sa mafelelo, tshekatsheko ya boleng bja thoto ya panka ya naga e tee, kudu diekonomi tšeo di nago le dithomelontle tša ditšweletšwa tšeo gagolo di dumelelago motswako wa thoto ya panka.
Business Management
Ph. D. (Management Studies)

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40

Shie, Shang-yu, and 謝尚育. "The Influence of Asset Quality to Bank's Cost-Efficiency." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/46854664435914572142.

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碩士
國立交通大學
財務金融研究所
95
The main research of the paper is on cost-efficiency of domestic commercial bank. The study motivation stem from a result of the paper “The influence of new Basel protocol to bank’s cost efficiency－taking account into three major risks”. The estimated cost-efficiency rank of bank in the article is much different from the cognition in the business performance of domestic banks with this text. This text carries on further analysis of banks in recent years of cost efficiency in order to find out the difference. According to the research of this text, loan quality will has a great influence on the measurement of cost efficiency of bank. Through comparative analysis, one cost model takes loan quality into account, while the other does not. With one-step stochastic frontier cost model including 116 samples data(2002~2005), the result of cost model taking loan quality into account is more reasonable and is close to true situation.

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41

Williams, Basil. "Revealing Asset Quality: Liquidity Signaling and Optimal Stress Tests." Diss., 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10161/10494.

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In my first chapter, I present a model in which sellers can signal the quality of an asset both by retaining a fraction of the asset and by choosing the liquidity of the market in which they search for buyers. Although these signals may seem interchangeable, I present two settings which show they are not. In the first setting, sellers have private information regarding only asset quality, and I show that liquidity dominates retention as a signal in equilibrium. In the second setting, both asset quality and seller impatience are privately known, and I show that both retention and liquidity operate simultaneously to fully separate the two dimensions of private information. Contrary to received theory, the fully separating equilibrium of the second setting may contain regions where market liquidity is increasing in asset quality. Finally, I show that if sellers design an asset-backed security before receiving private information regarding its quality, then the optimality of standard debt is robust to the paper's various settings.

In my second chapter, I explore the question of how informative bank stress tests should be. I use Bayesian persuasion to formalize stress tests and show that regulators can reduce the likelihood of a bank run by performing tests which are only partially informative. Optimal stress tests give just enough failing grades to keep passing grades credible enough to avoid runs. The worse the state of the banking system, the more stringent stress tests must be to prevent runs. I find that optimal stress tests, by reducing the probability of runs, reduce the optimal level of banks' capital cushions. I also examine the impact of anticipated stress tests on banks' ex ante incentive to invest in risky versus safe assets.

Dissertation

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42

Lin, Chih Shien. "Building a framework for improving data quality in engineering asset management." 2008. http://arrow.unisa.edu.au:8081/1959.8/47051.

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Asset managers recognise that high-quality engineering data is the key enabler in gaining control of engineering assets. Although they consider accurate, timely and relevant data as critical to the quality of their asset management (AM) decisions, evidence of large variations in data quality (DQ) associated with AM abounds. Therefore, the question arises as to what factors influence DQ in engineering AM. Accordingly, the main goal of this research is to investigate DQ issues associated with AM, and to develop an AM specific DQ framework of factors affecting DQ in AM. The framework is aimed at providing structured guidance for AM organisations to understand, identify and mitigate their DQ problems in a systematic way, and help them create an information orientation to achieve a greater AM performance.

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43

Lyle, Matthew. "How Does Information Quality Affect Option Returns?" Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/44149.

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This study analyzes the impact of information quality on option returns. I find that firms with low-quality information have call option returns that are significantly lower than firms with high information quality. The findings hold in- and out-of-sample, over different time periods, and are robust to a battery of asset pricing tests. The results suggest that the risk caused by poor information quality has a powerful and non-diversifiable impact on the expected returns of option contracts. Further analysis shows that these results are important when examining the cross-sectional link between stock returns and information quality. Firms with low information quality and equity that is "option-like" have significantly lower future stock returns than firms with high information quality. If this option-like effect is not controlled for in empirical tests, the association between information quality and the cross-section of stock returns is often flat. This is especially true for accounting-based proxies of information quality.

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44

Chien-HuiLan and 藍芊卉. "The Effect of Audit Committee on Asset Quality of Banks." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/27480618310457896927.

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45

chen, Chun-ying, and 陳椿鶯. "The Relationship Between Asset Quality and Operation Performance For Banks." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/13407380915786884894.

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碩士
逢甲大學
會計所
96
This paper uses regression analysis to examine the relationship between asset quality and operation performance for banks.The empirical tests are conducted using domestic banks with fiscal year ends betwwn 1999 and 2007. The research findings are as follows: In multiple regression analysis, the past due loans ratio and coverage ratio, are significant determinants of operation performance for banks. However, the size , financial holding company, government-owned or privatization, growth and capital adequacy ratio are not significant determinants of operation performance for banks.

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46

WU, YING XIN, and 吳盈昕. "An Empirical Investigation on Determinants of Asset Impairment Disclosure Quality." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/zhumc4.

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碩士
輔仁大學
會計學系碩士班
106
Impairment would have great impact on business operation in a long way, therefore the information of impairment loss in financial report would be important for financial users to evaluate the condition of corporations. If the information asymmetry gets higher between corporations and financial users, the uses would more easily do wrong investing or loaning decisions. Therefore, corporation would take the capital cost, political cost and the results of information released into account, before decided the disclosure level. This paper followed the disclosure part of impairment rules, and marked financial reports in order to discuss the disclosure quality for corporations. Finally, we find the higher degree after IAS 36 implemented, and for other corporate characteristics, we find that larger size of corporations, electronics manufacturing industry, and larger size of accountant firms will have higher discloser quality

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47

HOU, PAO-LUNG, and 侯寶龍. "The Impacts of Earnings Quality and Asset Quality of Negative Earnings Firms on Security Price." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/75778448216744009712.

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碩士
國立臺北大學
會計學系
92
Previous capital market research in accounting mainly focused on the relationships between earnings and security returns. Since the explanatory power of earnings on security returns was not satisfactory (Bernard,1989;Lev,1989),many accounting researchers have attempted various ways to improve the explanatory power of financial statement information on security returns. Some researchers（Berger,Ofek and Swary,1996;Burgstahler and Dichev,1997;Collins,Pincus and Xie,1999）empirically find that stock markets react differently to firms with positive earnings and firms with negative earnings. If firms with negative earnings are pooled with firms with positive earnings,the explanatory power of earnings on security returns will be reduced. As a firm may have two value:going-concern value and liquidation value. If the earnings of a firm is negative or insignificantly positive,it is meaningless for investors to compute going-concern value for the firm. Instead,the investor should emphasize on liquidation value of the firm. Thus,these accounting researchers indicate that,to increase the explanatory power of financial statement information on security returns,earnings and book value should be considered simultaneously. Recently,the economic conditions of Taiwan have changed drastically. The percentage of the firms listed on TSE and OTC that suffered lossed had increase from 7.63％ in 1994 to 29.07％ in 2001. Accordingly, research on the equity valuation of firms with negative is warranted. Using observations of annual financial information for listed companies in TSE and OTC for the period 1994-2002, this paper is intended to investigate the impacts of earnings quality and asset quality of negative earnings firms on security price. The results are as the following. 1.There are information contents in earnings and book value of negative earnings firms. 2.Because of different earnings quality, the information contents of operating income per stock and investment income per stock in negative earnings firms are different. 3.Because of different asset quality, the information contents of （1）accounts/notes receivable and inventory, accounts/notes receivable and fixed assets, accounts/notes receivable and other assets,（2）short-term investment per stock and other assets per stock,（3）cash /cash equivalents and inventory, cash /cash equivalents and fixed assets, cash /cash equivalents and other assets in negative earnings firms are different.

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48

Wang, Yan. "Essays on asset pricing with incomplete or noisy information." 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/4311.

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This dissertation consists of two essays, in which I examine the effects of incomplete or noisy information on expected risk premium in equity markets. In the first essay I provide empirical evidence demonstrating that an information-quality (IQ) factor, built on accrual-based information precision measure, is priced. This result still stands after controlling for factors, such as size, Book-to-Market (B/M) ratio, and liquidity. To explain this empirical observation, I derive a continuous-time model in the spirit of Merton’s (1973) Intertemporal Capital Asset Pricing Model (ICAPM) to examine how systematic IQ risk affects security returns. Unique to my model, imprecise information influences the pricing of an asset through its covariance with: (i) stock return; (ii) market return; and (iii) market-wide IQ. In equilibrium, the aggregate effect of these covariance terms (proportional to IQ-related betas) represents the systematic component of IQ risk and therefore requires a risk premium to compensate for it. My empirical test confirms that the aggregate effect of systematic IQ risk is significant and robust to the inclusion of other risk sources, such as liquidity risk. In the second essay I extend a recent complete information stock valuation model with incomplete information environment. In practice, mean earnings-per-share growth rate (MEGR) is random and unobservable. Therefore, asset prices should reflect how investors learn about the unobserved state variable. In my model investors learn about MEGR in continuous time. Firm characteristics, such as stronger mean reversion and lower volatility of MEGR, make learning faster and easier. As a result, the magnitude of risk premium due to uncertainty about MEGR declines over learning horizon and converges to a long-term steady level. Due to the stochastic nature of the unobserved state variable, complete learning is impossible (except for cases with perfect correlation between earnings and MEGR). As a result, the risk premium is non-zero at all times reflecting a persistent uncertainty that investors hold in an incomplete information environment.

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49

Liang, Jia-Yun, and 梁嘉運. "The Impact of Audit Quality on Accounting and Reporting for Asset Impairments." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/52010794042557815002.

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碩士
中原大學
會計研究所
95
Abstract In order to connect ROC’s Accounting Standards with International Accounting Standards .In July 2004, Taiwan’s Financial Accounting Standards Committee of the Accounting Research and Development Foundation issued Statement No.35, “Accounting and Reporting for Asset Impairments”. This accounting standard was effective for fiscal year ended after December 31, 2005, with early application encouraged. This statement provides accounting standards for impairments of long-term assets, including measurement of impairment losses, timing of recognition, the methods of measurement for different types of assets, etc. This research examines the impact of audit quality on accounting and reporting for asset impairments. Audit firm size is used as a proxy of audit quality. The study reviews all disclosures of asset impairments in financial statements of all the firms in Taiwan stock exchange and over-the-counter stock market from 2004 to 2006. This research adapts a methodology proposed by Francis, Hanna and Vincent(1996) to examine determinant of assets impairments. The results of this research show that audit quality really affect asset impairment reporting decision. In addition to audit quality, the economic substantial factors、earnings management incentives and corporate governance variables also affect asset impairment reporting decisions. Besides, audit quality and earnings management incentives affect the decision of early adoption of SFAS No.35 as well.

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50

Fei-Wen, Haung, and 黃斐文. "Cost Efficiency and Asset Quality in Taiwanese Banking--Dynamic Stochastic Frontier Approach." Thesis, 1998. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/11480002459118097792.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Asset quality'

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