Dissertations / Theses: 'Assessment and psychometrics'

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Moshfegh, Nicole. "The multidimensional wellbeing assessment| Preliminary validation in an Iranian sample." Thesis, Pepperdine University, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3629335.

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Although nations with a dominant worldview of individualism are a minority in the world as a whole, most psychological models are generated based on research conducted in these countries. Existing models and measures of well-being tend to have an individualistic, Western cultural bias, making it difficult to assess the well-being of those whose dominant worldview is more consistent with collectivism. Due to the absence of an existing cross-culturally relevant measure of well-being, the Multidimensional Well-Being Assessment (MWA) was developed. As attention to Middle Eastern populations has not typically received much consideration in psychological literature, this study aimed to inform researchers and clinicians of critical issues relevant to the well-being of those with ancestry and identity in Iran in addition to examining the validity of the MWA in an Iranian sample. This study used a non-random sampling method for data collection and utilized a cross-sectional correlational design to examine both the validity of the MWA and the relationship of dimensions of well-being to several demographic variables. A total of 62 participants were included in this study. The MWA showed good to excellent reliability on most MWA contexts and dimensions, in addition to showing significant positive correlations with two additional measures of well-being and significant negative correlations with a measure of distress and dysfunction. Significant correlations between several demographic variables (including age, length of time in the United States, and relationship status) and several dimensions on the MWA were also found. This study has implications for future research within the fields of culture and well-being with particular attention to unique findings within the Iranian population.

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Stilson, Frederick R. B. "Psychometrics of OSCE Standardized Patient Measurements." Scholar Commons, 2008. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/36.

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This study examined the reliability and validity of scores taken from a series of four task simulations used to evaluate medical students. The four role-play exercises represented two different cases or scripts, yielding two pairs of exercises that are considered alternate forms. The design allowed examining what is essentially the ceiling for reliability and validity of ratings taken in such role plays. A multitrait-multimethod (MTMM) matrix was computed with exercises as methods and competencies (history taking, clinical skills, and communication) as traits. The results within alternate forms (within cases) were then used as a baseline to evaluate the reliability and validity of scores between the alternate forms (between cases). There was much less of an exercise effect (method variance, monomethod bias) in this study than is typically found in MTMM matrices for performance measurement. However, the convergent validity of the dimensions across exercises was weak both within and between cases. The study also examined the reliability of ratings by training raters to watch video recordings of the same four exercises who then complete the same forms used by the standardized patients. Generalizability analysis was used to compute variance components for case, station, rater, and ratee (medical student), which allowed the computation of reliability estimates for multiple designs. Both the generalizability analysis and the MTMM analysis indicated that rather long examinations (approximately 20 to 40 exercises) would be needed to create reliable examination scores for this population of examinees. Additionally, interjudge agreement was better for more objective dimensions (history taking, physical examination) than for the more subjective dimension (communication).

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Woldoff, Sarah Beth Herbert James D. "Reliability of the global assessment of functioning scale /." Philadelphia, Pa. : Drexel University, 2004. http://dspace.library.drexel.edu/handle/1860/364.

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Saldana, Lisa. "Children's reactions to participation in assessment procedures : the reactions to procedures measure (RPM) /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p3102328.

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Brennan, Caitlin W. "Patient Acuity: Concept Clarification and Psychometric Assessment." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1277406093.

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Gendron, Sylvie. "Development and reliability assessment of a questionnaire." Thesis, McGill University, 1992. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=61345.

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This report describes a methodological study in which an interviewer-administered questionnaire was developed for use among incarcerated injection drug users (IDU) and assessed for reliability. A conceptual framework postulating psychosocio-behavioural determinants of condom use intention based on the Theory of Planned Behaviour (Ajzen, 1985) and the AIDS Risk Reduction Model (Catania et al., 1990) is presented first. This framework is specifically designed to include elements deemed relevant for the planning of HIV/AIDS preventive interventions targeted at incarcerated IDU. Questionnaire elaboration then involved a qualitative elicitation study, content validation, pilot testing, assessment of the internal consistency of eighteen additive scales defined a priori, and test-retest analyses. Results indicate that it is possible to obtain reliable data from incarcerated IDU. This sets the stage for eventual assessment of construct validity to assist in the choice of relevant measures and findings for consideration in the design of HIV/AIDS preventive public health interventions.

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Walker, Bridget Anne. "The initial psychometric assessment of the BEACONS positive behavior support individual and team self-assessment and program review /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/7605.

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Mason, Haley Alissa. "Determining Reliability Of The PEAK Assessment Tool Using Split Half Reliability." OpenSIUC, 2015. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/1789.

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The present study looked at the internal reliability of the PEAK Relational Training Assessment, using a split-half method of measurement. The reliability of the assessment questions within each of the four factors, within the PEAK Relational Training Assessment was estimated through this process. Eighteen participants, between the ages of 26 months and ten years old were included in the study. All participants had been diagnosed with either a language based or developmental disability, including autism, seizure disorder, Down syndrome and related language disorders. The PEAK Relational Training Assessment (PEAK-D) was administered by a direct-care provider for each of the 18 participants and during standard instructional periods. Results indicate that for each of the 18 participants, there was a strong correlation between scores when one half of the items in each factor were compared to the remaining half. Results did show internal reliability for the PEAK-D when using split-half methodology.

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Langenbrunner, Mary R., Mary Ellen Cox, and Donna Cherry. "Psychometrics of LOCA: Level of Conflict Assessment of Divorcing or Separating Couples." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2013. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/3459.

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This study provides evidence for the psychometrics of a 25-item instrument that measures divorcing individuals' perceived level of interparental conflict. The Level of Conflict Assessment (LOCA) was administered to 484 individuals who were attending a state-mandated parent education seminar for divorcing or separating parents. The unique feature of this instrument is that it was designed to measure perceived levels of conflict at the time of divorce. The internal consistency reliability of the scale was very high (α = .94). Through generalized linear modeling regression (specifically Gamma with log-link), five out of eight items were statistically significant, establishing a level of scale validity.

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Idani, Arman. "Assessment of individual differences in online social networks using machine learning." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2017. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/270109.

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The services that define our personal and professional lives are increasingly accessed through digital devices, which store extensive records of our behaviour. An individual's psychological profile can be accurately assessed using offline behaviour, and I investigate if an automated machine learning system can measure the same psychological factors, only from observing the footprints of online behaviour, without observing any offline behaviour or any direct input from the individual. Prior research shows that psychological traits such as personality can be predicted using these digital footprints, although current state-of-the-art accuracy is below psychometric standards of reliability and self-reports consistently outperform machine-ratings in external validity. I introduce a new machine learning system that is capable of doing five-factor personality assessments, as well as other psychological assessments, from online data as accurately as self-report questionnaires in terms of reliability, internal consistency and external and discriminant validity, and demonstrate that passive psychological assessment can be a realistic option in addition to self-report questionnaires for both research and practice. Achieving this goal is not possible using conventional dimensionality reduction and linear regression models. Here I develop a supervised dimensionality reduction method capable of intelligently selecting only useful parts of data for the relevant prediction at hand which also does not lose variance when eliminating redundancies. In the learning stage, instead of linear regression models, I use an ensemble of decision trees which are able to distinguish scenarios where the same observations on digital data can mean different things for different individuals. This work highlights the interesting idea that similar to how a human expert who is able to assess personality from offline behaviour, an expert machine learning system is able to assess personality from online behaviour. It also demonstrates that big-5 personality are predictors of how predictable users are in social media, with neuroticism having the greatest correlation with unpredictability, while openness having the greatest correlation with predictability.

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McDonald, Lorraine. "Intellectual change in older adults : an assessment of cognitive status using Piagetian-style tasks." Thesis, Coventry University, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.360222.

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Friedhoff, Lesley Ann. "Question development by individuals in therapeutic assessment| Does it result in more positive outcomes?" Thesis, Kent State University, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3618892.

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In Therapeutic Assessment individuals are given feedback based on questions developed prior to administration of psychological testing. It is hypothesized that feedback delivered in this manner results in greater therapeutic outcomes than standard feedback administration. This study compared the therapeutic outcomes of individuals who received Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory Second Edition – Restructured Form (MMPI-2-RF; Ben-Porath & Tellegen, 2008) feedback based on personally-developed questions to the outcomes of individuals who received standard MMPI-2-RF feedback. The study utilized a two (group) by three (time) design; the sample consisted of 39 undergraduate university students (17 men, 22 women). Nineteen participants received feedback based on their questions, while 20 participants received standard feedback. Symptoms of distress and self-esteem were assessed prior to MMPI-2-RF administration, immediately after MMPI-2-RF feedback, and two weeks after feedback. Participants also rated their perceptions of the assessment process at the final two time points. Results indicated that all participants, regardless of feedback style, experienced statistically significant decreases in anxiety and depressive symptoms two weeks after feedback. There were no differences in self-esteem or perceptions about the assessment process between groups or across time. This study provides further evidence of the therapeutic utility of feedback, but does not suggest that basing feedback on client-developed questions results in a greater magnitude of therapeutic benefits than standard feedback. An additional finding was that all participants were engaged in the assessment process as evidenced by a 100 percent valid MMPI-2-RF profile rate, which speaks to the importance of making individuals aware they will receive feedback prior to testing as it may lead to increased engagement in the assessment process.

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Hinz, Andreas, Anja Mehnert, Rüya-Daniela Kocalevent, Elmar Brähler, Thomas Forkmann, Susanne Singer, and Thomas Schulte. "Assessment of depression severity with the PHQ-9 in cancer patients and in the general population." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-205520.

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Background: The Patient Health Questionnaire PHQ-9 is a widely used instrument to screen for depression in clinical research. The first aim of this study was to psychometrically test the PHQ-9 in a large sample of cancer patients. The second aim was to calculate unbiased estimates of the depression burden for several cancer groups taking into account age and gender distributions. Methods: A sample of 2,059 cancer patients with varying diagnoses were examined in this study six months after discharge from a rehabilitation clinic. A representative sample of 2,693 people from the general population served as controls. Expected PHQ-9 mean scores of the general population sample, regressed on age and gender, were calculated to enable a fair comparison of different groups of cancer patients. Results: While the reliability (Cronbach’s alpha) for the PHQ-9 scale was good (alpha ≥ 0.84), the CFA fit indices of the one-dimensional solution were unsatisfactory in the patients’ sample. The factorial analysis confirmed two factors. PHQ-9 mean scores for 15 types of cancer are given, ranging from 4.0 (prostate) to 8.2 (thyroid gland). Differences between expected mean scores (derived from the general population) and raw mean scores of the cancer subsamples are reported that provide a better estimate of the depression burden. Conclusions: The results confirmed that the PHQ-9 performs well in testing depression in cancer patients. Regression coefficients can be used for performing unbiased comparisons among cancer groups, not only for this study. The burden of patients with testis cancer and Hodgkin lymphoma is underestimated when age and gender are not taken into account.

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Hope, Judith Dorothy 1969. "Aspects of psychometric assessment of outcomes measurement in mental health." Monash University, Dept. of Psychological Medicine, 2002. http://arrow.monash.edu.au/hdl/1959.1/8119.

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Liu, Lili 1962. "Assessment of spatial orientation in Alzheimer's disease : theoretical and clinical implications." Thesis, McGill University, 1993. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=41176.

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The purpose of this project was to develop a reliable and valid battery for the assessment of spatial orientation skills (SOS) in persons with Alzheimer's disease (AD). The battery, comprised of 13 subtests, was administered to 97 normal control subjects, 25 subjects with early AD and 10 with late AD. The test-retest reliability of the battery was based on the test results of 33 normal control subjects and 25 early AD subjects. Inter-rater reliability was determined using four trained raters who evaluated 27 normal control subjects and the same 25 early AD subjects. Content validity was established using a panel of six experts and construct validity was determined by comparing the performance of the normal control and early AD groups. To establish criterion validity, the Global Deterioration Scale (GDS) was used as the criterion. For the AD group, eight subtests demonstrated acceptable test-retest and inter-rater reliability coefficients (ICC $ ge$.70). For the control group, three subtests had acceptable test-retest coefficients and four had acceptable inter-rater coefficients. The internal consistency of the battery was acceptable as shown by overall Cronbach's alpha of.86 for AD subjects and.72 for control subjects, and was further analyzed using factor analysis which yielded five factors. Logistic regression provided evidence for good construct validity. Scores on the SOS subtests were able to differentiate the three groups of subjects established on the basis of the GDS scores (GDS 1 and 2, GDS 3 and 4, and GDS 5). A preliminary shortened version of the battery was developed using six subtests which demonstrated high test-retest and inter-rater reliability. The performance of subjects with AD on the battery is discussed with respect to its implications for the theoretical basis and clinical assessment of spatial orientation in AD.

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Moscoso, Manolete S. "Nature of positive emotions in the assessment of depression: A new view in psychometrics." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2014. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/101494.

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Current research in the field of emotions has demonstrated a strong causal correlation between stressful life events and clinical depression. The conceptual framework of this scientific study is taking into consideration the theoretical ideas developed by the laboratories of Alex Zautra, and Susan Folkman about the co-existence of positive and negative emotions during the experience of stress and depression. The principal purpose of this study is to report the convergent validity of the Multicultural State-Trait Depression Inventory, which supports the new direction in the psychometric assessment of clinical depression. Responses to the items of the state and trait scales were analyzed on a multicultural sample to determine the convergent validity and item analysis of the instrument. The results present empirical evidence that demonstrates a high degree of concurrent validity of the IMUDER subscalesand the reference instruments as shown by Pearson correlations.
Los estudios científicos de las emociones han demostrado concluyentemente una robusta relación causal entre eventos estresantes de la vida diaria y la depresión clínica. El marco conceptual del presente estudio toma en consideración los marcos teóricos de Alex Zautra y de Susan Folkman acerca de la coexistencia de emociones positivas y negativas en el proceso de estrés y depresión. El propósito de este estudio es reportar el análisis de ítems y la validez convergente del Inventario Multicultural de la Depresión, Estado-Rasgo (IMUDER). En base a una muestra multicultural, se realizó los análisis psicométricos en base al coeficiente de correlación de Pearson, a fin de determinar la validez convergente. Los resultados de dichos análisis realizados en forma separada para la escala estado y para la escala rasgo, nos indican un elevado nivel de asociación y validez convergente entre las escalas estado y rasgo del IMUDER, dimensiones de distres y eustres, y las pruebas de depresión utilizadas en este estudio. Estos datos indican que el IMUDER es un instrumento psicométrico que presentauna sólida validez convergente y propiedades psicométricas adecuadas.

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Egan, Shannon S. "Psychometric Assessment of Self-Report Measures of Psychopathy in a College Sample." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2014. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/286009.

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Psychology
Ph.D.
The personality disorder known as psychopathy describes a group of individuals that have tended to be persistently antisocial and more prone to violence, and demonstrate deficits in affective and interpersonal functioning. Further, the diagnosis of psychopathy (as defined by the PCL-R) reliably predicts recidivism, treatment nonresponse, and other socially important outcomes. Although a well-validated assessment methodology exits for adult correctional populations, more recent research has focused on assessment among adolescents (forensic and nonforensic) and community-based adult populations. The current study examined the psychometric properties of the most promising self-report measures, including their factor structures. Also explored were the unclear relationship between psychopathy and anxiety and related constructs, and the relatively low reliability of scale factors and subscales assessing callousness, a key component of the psychopathy construct, in the research to date.
Temple University--Theses

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Ivey-Soto, Mona C. "Examining the utility of a new caregiver-completed social emotional assessment, the Social Emotional Assessment Measure, with diverse low-income parent-toddler dyads /." Connect to title online (Scholars' Bank) Connect to title online (ProQuest), 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/9218.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2008.
Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 184 - 200). Also available online in Scholars' Bank; and in ProQuest, free to University of Oregon users.

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Craigen, Kristie A. "Predicting Job Performance of Financial Representatives Based on the Harrison Assessment Talent Management System (HATS)." Thesis, Alliant International University, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3608158.

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Objective: The goal of this research was to empirically evaluate the predictive utility of Harrison Assessment Talent Management System (HATS) for use as a selection instrument within organizational settings. Method: This was done by investigating the strength of the relationship between the job fit percentages generated by HATS and the performance ratings (i.e., number of life insurance policies sold within the first 6 months of employment ) of 238 employees (201 men and 37 women) working for a large American insurance company. Results: The correlation between HATS prediction scores and performance ratings yielded significant findings, r(236) = .599, p> .0001, indicating HATS is a useful instrument for predicting employee performance. Ancillary analysis revealed only 7 of 156 predictor variables significantly correlated with performance ratings. Further statistical procedures aimed at exploring the contribution of all 7 variables to performance ratings were conducted using multiple regression techniques. A significant but modest relationship was found between the vector of predictor traits and job performance, R = .395, F(7, 230) = 6.083, p > .001. In addition, the HATS attributes of Systematic (β = .275), Teaching (β = 184), and Planning (β = -.156) were found to be significant predictors of performance, p > .04. Conclusions: HATS was shown to be a significant predictor of job performance. The strength of the correlation coefficient along with its innovative methodology makes it somewhat unique among psychological tests used in organizational settings.

Keywords: Harrison Assessments, Harrison Assessments Talent Management Systems, Psychometric Testing, Predicting Performance, Measuring Performance, Personality, Interests, Intelligence, Person-Environment Fit, Motivation, Mood, and Uncertainty Factors.

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Kyngdon, Andrew Stuart, University of Western Sydney, and School of Psychology. "Three theories of psychological measurement in the assessment of subjective control in gambling behaviour." THESIS_XXX_PSY_Kyngdon_A.xml, 2002. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/655.

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The aim of this study was to argue for a new conception of subjective control and then to devise psychometric scales to test this new conception in the area of gambling behaviour. The 'Subjective Control'scales were constructed using Michell's (1994a, 1998) theory of the ordinal determinable. After extensive pilot testing, these scales were administered to a participant sample consisting of 57 students, 104 in situ club EGM players and 49 self-referred problem gamblers. The data collected consisted of paired comparisons judgements, ratings and rank orders. The limitations of the findings were discussed and suggestions for future research were made.
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

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Tadlock, Rebecca Lynn. "One School, Many Differences: An Assessment Tool for School Counselors and Multicultural Counseling." Available to subscribers only, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1796120841&sid=4&Fmt=2&clientId=1509&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Thesis (M.S.Ed.)--Southern Illinois University Carbondale, 2009.
"Department of Educational Psychology and Special Education." Includes bibliographical references (p. 149-168). Also available online.

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Rocha-Decker, Mariana Sandra. "The development and validation of the Proactive assessment of social skills for preschool children /." view abstract or download file of text, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/uoregon/fullcit?p3147833.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2004.
Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 158-172). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.

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Dockendorff, Sally A. "Intuitive Eating Scale: An Examination Among Adolescents." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2011. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc103309/.

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Intuitive eating assesses the degree to which individuals eat based on physiological cues rather than emotional or situational cues. The Intuitive Eating Scale was initially developed using college women. This study extends the work of Tylka and reports on the psychometric evaluation of the Intuitive Eating Scale (IES) in a sample of 515 middle school boys and girls. Exploratory factor analysis uncovered 4 factors: unconditional permission to eat, eating for physical rather than emotional reasons, trust in internal hunger/satiety cues and awareness of internal hunger/satiety cues; confirmatory factor analysis suggested that this 4-factor model adequately fit the data after 4 items with low factor loadings were deleted. Supporting its construct validity, IES scores were negatively related to body mass index, body dissatisfaction, negative affect, pressure for thinness, and internalization of the thin ideal, and were positively related to satisfaction with life, and experiencing greater positive affect.

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Palamara, Joseph D. "An investigation of the psychometric properties of the Global Assessment of School Functioning." Thesis, Alfred University, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3701020.

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Schools are increasingly held accountable for student academic and behavioral performance, and showing efficacy of these treatment efforts. The primary metric for reporting academic progress, state endorsed standardized tests, does not take into account or effectively measure discrete skills or behavioral improvement. This necessitates the development of tools efficient in quantifying students’ school-based behaviors. Mental health practitioners achieve this metric utilizing the Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF). The Global Assessment of School Functioning (GASF) is being developed to be an efficient scale used by teachers for similar means. The aim of the present study is to examine the utility of the GASF in capturing overall school functioning. This study was broken into two phases. Teacher consultants assessed content validity and validated vignettes that would be used to assess inter-rater reliability. School personnel then rated five vignettes using the GASF and responded to questions regarding their perceptions of the instrument. Correlational statistics suggested that school personnel were able to rate vignettes with substantial reliability (.877). Responses to questions relating to the raters competency and training and the raters overall impressions of the technical quality of the GASF were positive. The culminating analysis from the data presented in this study suggest that the GASF warrants further study to determine its technical properties and utility as a rating scale that school personnel can use to benchmark and progress monitor student behavior.

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Ferrara, Nadia. "The role of pictorial representations in the assessment of psychological mindedness : a cross-cultural perspective." Thesis, McGill University, 1996. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=23887.

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Psychological mindedness refers to a person's ability to perceive relationships among thoughts, feelings, and action with the goal of learning the meanings and causes of his/her experiences and behavior. Psychological mindedness is clinically important because it influences the patient selection for and the efficacy of psychotherapy. Individuals who have difficulty symbolizing and resolving emotional conflict, and verbally expressing their emotions, are considered to lack psychological mindedness and are sometimes labelled "alexithymic." Culture also influences individual styles of emotional expression and the manner and extent to which feelings are labelled as such. Such cultural differences may be interpreted as differences in psychological mindedness.
The present study examined cultural differences in styles of emotional expression and psychological mindedness by comparing two groups: Euro-Canadians and Cree Amerindians--a group that has been characterized as less verbally expressive or taciturn.
In this study, 36 Cree and 36 Euro-Canadian subjects were given a verbal measure of alexithymia, the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS) and a pictorial measure, the Scored Archetypal Test-9 (SAT9), and measures of depressive and somatic symptomatology (the CES-D and SCL-90 Somatization Scale). Twelve subjects also received a standardized, qualitative art therapy measure, the Ulman Personality Assessment Procedure (UPAP). (Abstract shortened by UMI.)

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Williams, Bonita Elise. "Development and initial validation of the Williams-Proctor Cultural Competence Scale assessment for youth development professionals and paraprofessionals /." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/4834.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007.
The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on December 17, 2007) Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

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McIntyre, Maria C. (Maria Christine). "Criterion-related and construct validation of the disability assessment for Dementia scale." Thesis, McGill University, 1994. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=22773.

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Healthcare professionals measure functional disabilities in daily living tasks in order to monitor disease progress and implement intervention strategies. Few measurement tools assessing these problems in the community-dwelling elderly with Dementia of the Alzheimer's Type (DAT) currently exist. Recently, the Disability Assessment for Dementia Scale (DAD) was developed to assess disabilities in activities of daily living experienced by this population.
The Disability Assessment for Dementia Scale (DAD) is a proxy-respondent scale measuring disability in daily living tasks in terms of executive functions. The objectives of this study were to measure the criterion-related (concurrent) validity and the construct validity of this scale. Total score correlational analyses between the Rapid Disability Rating Scale-2 and the Disability Assessment for Dementia Scale were used to estimate criterion-related (concurrent) validity. In addition, the known-groups procedure was used to estimate criterion-related (concurrent) validity. Stage of dementia served as the known-group variable against which total DAD Scale scores were compared. Construct validity was estimated using total score correlational analyses between the Burden of Care Scale and the Disability Assessment for Dementia Scale (DAD). Likewise, construct validity was estimated using total score correlational analyses between the standardized Mini Mental Status Examination (MMSE) and the DAD Scale. Correlations proved highly significant for criterion-related (concurrent) validity measures r = $-$0.84, and for known-groups procedure estimates r = $-$0.73. Results for construct validity measures were r = $-$0.29 for Burden of Care scores and r = 0.55 for MMSE scores. Interpretations for these findings were offered in the discussion of this project. Findings indicated that the Disability Assessment for Dementia Scale is a valid disability measurement for community-dwelling Alzheimer's subjects, and support its use in this type of DAT population.

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Brady, Christine E. L. "Development and Preliminary Psychometric Properties of the Social Functioning Rating Scale for Adolescents: Parent Form." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1415108398.

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Shang, Tsu-Ching. "Development and testing an instrument of hope: The Hope Indicator Questionnaire." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/187011.

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The purpose of this study was to develop and test an instrument, the Hope Indicator Questionnaire (HIQ), which was designed to measure the latent variable of hope; and to identify antecedent variables which impact upon hope. A nonexperimental study with four-week test-retest was designed to examine the psychometric properties of the HIQ. Reliability of the HIQ was tested by 4-week stability. Internal consistency reliability was also performed on the HIQA. Validity of the HIQ was examined by content validity, exploratory factor analysis, convergence, and predictive causal model testing. Data were collected and analyzed from 111 subjects who did not have life threatening health problems during their study participation. Sixty (54%) were female, 83 (75%) were religious believers. The majority (66%) were Caucasian. The age ranged from 18 to 79, with the mean age of 38.95 (S.D. = 16.12). Results showed that low stabilities were found in the HIQP and HIQB (.52 and .45). Stability coefficient and internal consistency for the HIQA were .71 and .92. Satisfactory content validity of the HIQA was demonstrated by a three-member panel. The exploratory factor analysis confirmed that a latent factor was extracted from the three scales in the HIQ. Convergent validity was established by satisfactory correlations with the Herth Hope Scale (HHS) (.58) and Beck's Hopelessness Scale (HS) (-.42). The proposed predictive model was partially supported by the study when perceived functional support was measured by a modified Shang's Perceived Functional Support measure. Antecedents for both HIQ and HHS hope were explored. Personal control and perceived functional support were direct antecedents for HIQ hope while HHS hope was directly affected by personal control and chance control. Other variables (i.e. support network, religion and demographics) were indirect antecedents to HIQ and HHS hope through those direct antecedents. Additional analysis was accomplished on comparisons of the HIQ and HHS, and a qualitative content analysis was done on the first five hopes identified by the subjects. In conclusion, the HIQ had low reliability. Possible resources contributing to this low reliability were discussed. Results related to the HIQ measure should be interpreted with caution although the convergence of the HIQ with the HHS and HS was supported.

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Lundqvist, Carolina. "Competing Under Pressure : State Anxiety, Sports Performance and Assessment." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-984.

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Edebol, Hanna. "Global Assessment of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder : Examining Objective Measures of Hyperactivity, Impulsivity and Inattention in Adults." Doctoral thesis, Karlstads universitet, Avdelningen för psykologi, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-15186.

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The aim of this thesis is to examine objective laboratory measures of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in adult persons and to develop measures for diagnosis and treatment using a psychometric instrument called the Quantified Behavior Test Plus. The instrument objectively quantifies cardinal symptom manifestations in adult ADHD using motion tracking devices and continuous performance testing. Paper I-IV suggest that ADHD predisposes adult persons to perform poorer on continuous performance tasks and to have higher levels of motor activity while performing these tasks as compared to other clinical as well as non-clinical groups. Performance by adults with ADHD is normalized following stimulant treatment which implicates therapeutic effects and measures of response to treatment and remission for ADHD is suggested. Paper I concludes that the psychometric instrument needs to be calibrated with regard to adult ADHD and emphasizes the importance of a composite measure for the disorder. Paper II generates two new measures, the Weighed Core Symptom scale (WCS) - a composite measure of adult ADHD ranging from 0 to 100, and Prediction of ADHD (PADHD) - a categorical variable of the diagnostic status with good predictive power. A majority of participants with ADHD has low points on WCS (indicating high levels of symptoms) and a majority of non-ADHD normative participants has high points on WCS (indicating low levels of symptoms). Paper III examines WCS and PADHD among complex clinical groups with shared symptoms vis-à-vis ADHD. Here, findings from Paper II are replicated since participants with ADHD present the highest level of global symptoms, followed by participants with bipolar II disorder and borderline personality disorder, participant with diconfirmed ADHD and finally, non-clinical participants has the lowest level of global symptoms. In Paper IV, the measures are proposed as indications of response to treatment and remission after titration with stimulant treatment and WCS indicates response to small changes in dose level. The major findings of the present thesis may be summarized as the construction of two new objective measures for ADHD in adult persons with practical implications for diagnosis and treatment. Hyperactivity is the most specific marker of ADHD in both men and women, followed by the cognitive markers of inattention and impulsivity. The composite measure, WCS, quantifies the global amount of ADHD symptoms and provides the most sensitive measure for the disorder. PADHD and WCS may not replace a thorough neuropsychiatric assessment and further studies promoting diagnostic subtype stratification is suggested. Future studies may want to consider these measures in outcome-based investigations of treatment efficacy as well as in the study of neuropsychological endophenotypes. Practical implications include clinical strategies to enhance objectivity during assessment as well as optimizing beneficial effects of treatment and attaining remission.

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Slack, Tom Gavin Hume. "Insight in psychosis : a systematic review : the constructs of insight in psychosis and their measurement, &, An exploration of current practices in the assessment and intervention of insight in psychosis within Scotland's Forensic Mental Health Services : clinical psychologists' perspective." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/26006.

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Poor insight has clinical significance as a predictor of non-adherence to treatment, increased number of relapses, hospitalisations, recovery and risk of violence. Empirical research has led to advances in the redefinition, knowledge and understanding of insight in psychosis. However, the use of a wide range of definitions and measures has created difficulties in interpreting research findings, without clarifying the concepts being measured and evaluating the quality of their associated assessment tool. Therefore, the aim of the first piece of work, a Systematic Review (SR), was to identify and describe the constructs of insight in psychosis and their assessment tools and briefly evaluate their psychometric properties. Insight in psychosis is particularly relevant to Forensic Mental Health Services, given its link with offending behaviour and risk to others. However, outside of those provided by risk appraisal tools, there are no current guidelines that specifically target the assessment, or intervention, of insight. Therefore, the second piece of work, a research project (RP), aimed to explore current practices, as described by experienced clinicians. The SR identified twelve assessment tools and fourteen papers for detailed analysis. Twelve theoretical constructs were identified, the most prominent being awareness of mental illness and awareness of the need for treatment. Other prominent theoretical constructs included awareness of negative consequences of illness and awareness of generic or specific symptoms. However, few of the subscales associated with each theoretical construct were supported by empirical evidence. Further work to clarify aspects of insight that are important areas for intervention, along with the provision of data to support these, should continue to be a focus for on-going research. The RP was a qualitative design using Thematic Analysis. Data was collected by semi-structured interviews from 11 qualified Clinical Psychologists working in Forensic Mental Health Services across Scotland. The RP identified three overarching themes. The first “risk related” illustrated the influence of risk to other when assessing and treating patients. The second “holistic approach” illustrated that insight or mental illness was rarely looked at in isolation. The third theme “no specific or satisfactory unified approach” illustrated the diversity of the conceptualising, assessment and treatment of insight. Opportunities exist to develop a more uniformed approach and to introduce or develop outcome measures for interventions.

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Ait, Taouit Holly Danielle. "The Psychometrics of a Systematic Inventory of Motives for Converting to Islam." Xavier University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=xavier1460369945.

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Kyngdon, Andrew Stuart. "Three theories of psychological measurement in the assessment of subjective control in gambling behaviour /." View thesis, 2002. http://library.uws.edu.au/adt-NUWS/public/adt-NUWS20031219.165037/index.html.

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Thesis (Ph.D.) (Psychology) -- University of Western Sydney, 2002.
A thesis presented to the University of Western Sydney in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Psychology), December, 2002. Bibliography : p. 246-260.

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Perry, Brittney Dawhn. "Ineffective Psychometric Testing: GRE Test Administration." TopSCHOLAR®, 2012. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/1202.

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The effectiveness of the GRE was measured through a mixed-methods study. Quantitative data was studied to determine a relationship between GRE scores and the completion of higher education. Students and employers were surveyed to clarify a link between the content the GRE measures and the skills that are needed in graduate school and the workforce. In addition, students were asked if test administration, time-constrained questions, and question bias had any effect of their GRE score. Together, these findings were inconclusive and do not suggest that the GRE is effective or ineffective in its measurement of potential graduate students in relation to test content, test administration, and question bias, time-constrained questions, and the accurate measurement of psychometrics.

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Iurino, Kathryn. "Comparative and Cross-Cultural Validity of the Moral Actions Questionnaire, a Measure for Ethical Virtue." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/23911.

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Though current personality models provide a starting point for measuring ethical virtues, ethical content may not be fully captured in existing personality inventories due in part to the systematic elimination of morally-relevant trait-adjectives in early lexical studies. Further, personality dimensions relevant to measuring the ethical domain include both ethical and non-ethical content. The Moral Actions Questionnaire was designed to assess seven conceptually-distinct ethical virtues that are emphasized across cultures and philosophies. This dissertation investigates the performance of the Moral Actions Questionnaire, relative to other candidate models of ethical virtue from personality inventories. Psychometric quality, structural validity, and predictive validity for these models are evaluated in samples from five countries: Kenya, India, Hong Kong, Singapore, and the United States. Findings suggest that the Moral Actions Questionnaire aids in prediction of altruistic bravery, guilt proneness, satisfaction with life, and meaning with life across most countries. Patterns in psychometric quality and structure across countries and methods (self- and informant-report) are discussed.

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Helfand, Benjamin K. I. "Measurement in Health: Advancing Assessment of Delirium." eScholarship@UMMS, 2021. https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/gsbs_diss/1122.

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Rationale: Delirium is a serious, morbid condition affecting 2.6 million older Americans annually. A major problem plaguing delirium research is difficulty in identification, given a plethora of existing tools. The lack of consensus on key features and approaches has stymied progress in delirium research. The goal of this project was to use advanced measurement methods to improve delirium’s identification. Aims and Findings: (1) Determine the 4 most commonly used and well-validated instruments for delirium identification. Through a rigorous systematic review, I identified the Confusion Assessment Method (CAM), Delirium Observation Screening Scale (DOSS), Delirium Rating Scale-Revised-98 (DRS-R-98), and Memorial Delirium Assessment Scale (MDAS). (2) Harmonize the 4 instruments to generate a delirium item bank (DEL-IB), a dataset containing items and estimates of their population level parameters. In a secondary analysis of 3 datasets, I equated instruments on a common metric and created crosswalks. (3) Explore applications of the harmonized item bank through several approaches. First, identifying different cut-points that will optimize: (a) balanced high accuracy (Youden’s J-Statistic), (b) screening (sensitivity), and (c) confirmation of diagnosis (specificity) in identification of delirium. Second, comparing performance characteristics of example forms developed from the DEL-IB. Impact: The knowledge gained includes harmonization of 4 instruments for identification of delirium, with crosswalks on a common metric. This will pave the way for combining studies, such as meta-analyses of new treatments, essential for developing guidelines and advancing clinical care. Additionally, the DEL-IB will facilitate creating big datasets, such as for omics studies to advance pathophysiologic understanding of delirium.

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Jacobs, Sheri R. "Validation of the functional assessment of cancer therapy cognitive scale with bone marrow transplant patients." [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2004. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/SFE0001078.

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Sims, Caroline E. "New graduate nurse transition into practice : psychometric testing of Sims Factor H Assessment Scale." Thesis, Indiana University, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3601305.

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Factor H is a newly identified phenomenon which describes a constellation of attributes of the new graduate nurse reflecting personality traits, intellectual abilities, and clinical judgment. In a previous pilot study conducted by this researcher nurse managers and experienced Registered Nurse (RN) preceptors described characteristics demonstrated by new graduate nurses demonstrating Factor H and the new graduate nurse's ability to transition quickly and successfully into the RN role in the acute care environment. There is currently no instrument available to measure this phenomenon. The specific aim of this research was to develop and psychometrically test a scale designed to identify the presence of attributes of Factor H in the new graduate nurse. The Sims Factor H Assessment Scale (SFHAS) was developed and piloted with a sample of one hundred one new graduate nurses within three months of completing the their nursing program at one of three nursing schools in central and south central Indiana. Evidence of content validity was demonstrated through the use of the Content Validity Index conducted with a panel of four experts. Evidence of face validity was demonstrated through interviews with a group of new graduate nurses, nurse managers, and experienced RN preceptors. Principle Axis Factoring with Varimax rotation was used to demonstrate evidence of construct validity and the scale was found to have a single component which was identified as nursing personality. Evidence of criterion-related validity was demonstrated utilizing analysis of the SFHAS and the criterion scale for personality traits (NEO-FFI). Evidence of internal consistency reliability was demonstrated through analysis of inter-item correlations, Cronbach's coefficient correlations, and item-total correlations. Test re-test reliability using interclass correlation was also conducted to demonstrate stability of the scale. The SFHAS was found to be reflective of nursing personality and not general mental ability or clinical judgment. Use of the SFHAS will allow organizations to evaluate the nursing personality of the new graduate nurse for fit into the work environment. Further study is recommended to gain clarity around the attributes which support successful transition of the new graduate nurse into practice in the acute care environment, also known as Factor H.

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Shim, Hi Shin. "An irt model to estimate differential latent change trajectories in a multi-stage, longitudinal assessment." Thesis, Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/28266.

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Beck, Robert Drew. "The Speaking Cognitions and Attention Scale: An Empirically-Derived Measure of Public Speaking Anxiety." OpenSIUC, 2010. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/221.

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Although public speaking anxiety is one of the most commonly reported causes of both clinical and non-clinical anxiety, many of the currently used questionnaire measures of public speaking anxiety do not reflect the advances made in recent decades regarding empirical methods of test construction, including item generation and determination of subscale composition. The current study administered 35 empirically-generated cognitive self-statement items related to speaking anxiety to a sample of 367 undergraduate students along with measures of public speaking anxiety, fear of negative evaluation, generalized social anxiety behaviors, and self-consciousness tendencies. Using exploratory factor analysis and item-total correlations, participant responses to the 35 self-statement items were examined, producing the 30-item Speaking Cognitions and Attention Scale (SCAS). Data indicated that in the current sample the SCAS displayed a three-factor solution, with factors composed of items reflecting positive self-statements, negative self-statements, and catastrophic self-statements. The scale also demonstrated excellent internal reliability, with alphas in the range of .90 to .97. Discriminant validity analyses supported the specificity of the measure in measuring public speaking anxiety by correlating highly with another measure of speaking anxiety, at a moderate level with measures of general social anxiety, and at a small level with a measure of self-consciousness with no theoretical relationship to speaking anxiety. Results are discussed with respect to implications of the current findings for questionnaire measurement of public speaking anxiety, needed future directions in further validation of the measure, and potential applications for treatment of public speaking anxiety.

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Thalmayer, Amber Gayle. "Personality Attributes in Clinical Presentation, Measurement, and Treatment." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/13411.

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Psychotherapy is sought for diverse problems, and trust in its efficacy has led to increasing parity in insurance coverage for psychological services. But about half of those who begin therapy drop out prematurely, and only about half of those who complete therapy experience significant improvements. Here issues of efficacy measurement and the potential role of personality differences to better guide and assess treatment are explored. It is hoped this knowledge could lead to increased success rates. In terms of outcome measurement, the use and psychometric properties of the Outcome Questionnaire-45 (OQ-45), a popular, brief measure of psychological functioning and change, are assessed. Factor structure is tested in clinical (Study 1) and student (Study 2) samples. Alternative scoring models test whether dimensions of personality drive responses. Using bi-level models, including a total score factor, fit of the intended structure and three- and four-factor personality models was similar. A seven-factor problems model provided the best fit. About half the variance in OQ scores was accounted for by a Big Six personality inventory. The best items for assessing personality attributes in OQ-45 data are noted. Secondly, the relation between personality attributes and clinical presentation and outcomes is explored. Self-report scores on personality attributes predict virtually every life outcome and are highly associated with clinical presentation. Such attributes surely also play a role in treatment, but this association has not been widely studied. In Study 3 the relation of personality attributes to presentation, usage, and outcome is tested in a Couples and Family Therapy clinic sample (N = 222). Neuroticism was strongly associated with initial OQ-45 score, as were other scales (except Openness) to a lesser degree. Being older, more educated, and married predicted attending more sessions, and being older, female, and higher income predicted termination success. Personality scales did not play a role in either outcome. Honesty/Propriety and Neuroticism were, however, associated with steeper decrease in OQ-45 scores over time.
2015-10-10

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Frierson, Georita Marie. "The Breast Impact of Treatment Scale: The Assessment of Body Image Distress for Breast Cancer Patients." Connect to this title online, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1053430619.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2003.
Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains x, 122 p. : ill. Advisor: Barbara Andersen, Dept. of Psychology. Includes bibliographical references (p. 114-122).

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Klaus, Nicole. "A psychometric evaluation of two measures of expressed emotion in caregivers of children with mood disorders." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1145913694.

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Howard, Amanda Roberta. "An evaluation of the psychometric properties of the Beech Brook Attachment Disorder Checklist." [Fort Worth, Tex.] : Texas Christian University, 2009. http://etd.tcu.edu/etdfiles/available/etd-10152009-085718/unrestricted/Howard.pdf.

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DeSousa, Diogo Araújo. "Instruments to assess anxiety symptoms in brazilian population and the case of the Spence Children's Anxiety Scale (SCAS) : cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric properties." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/79939.

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Esta dissertação é composta por quatro estudos acerca de instrumentos para a avaliação de sintomas de ansiedade. O objetivo do Estudo 1 foi realizar uma revisão sistemática dos instrumentos disponíveis para avaliar sintomas de ansiedade e transtornos de ansiedade (TA) em população brasileira. O objetivo do Estudo 2 foi realizar o processo de adaptação transcultural da Spence Children’s Anxiety Scale (SCAS) para o Brasil. O objetivo do Estudo 3 foi examinar a sensibilidade e especificidade da Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders (SCARED) para o diagnóstico de TA em uma amostra comunitária de crianças e adolescentes brasileiros. O objetivo do Estudo 4 foi investigar as propriedades psicométricas da SCAS em amostras comunitária e clínica de crianças e adolescentes brasileiros. Os resultados do Estudo 1 fornecem um panorama das características e evidências de adequação dos instrumentos disponíveis para avaliar sintomas de ansiedade e TA em população brasileira. Os resultados dos Estudos 2, 3 e 4, em conjunto, apresentam a versão brasileira da SCAS como um instrumento adequado para avaliar sintomas de ansiedade infantil em contextos comunitário e clínico no Brasil. Implicações para a avaliação e o tratamento psicológico e psiquiátrico de TA são discutidas.
This Master Thesis encompasses four studies about instruments to the assessment of anxiety symptoms. The aim of the Study 1 was to conduct a systematic review of the instruments available to assess anxiety symptoms and anxiety disorders (AD) in Brazilian population. The aim of the Study 2 was to perform the cross-cultural adaptation process of the Spence Children’s Anxiety Scale (SCAS) to Brazil. The aim of the Study 3 was to examine the sensitivity and specificity of the Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders (SCARED) to the diagnosis of AD in a community sample of Brazilian children and adolescents. The aim of the Study 4 was to investigate the psychometric properties of the SCAS in a community and a clinical sample of Brazilian children and adolescents. Results from Study 1 provide an overview of the characteristics and the adequacy evidences of the instruments available to assess anxiety symptoms and AD in Brazilian population. Results from Studies 2, 3, and 4, altogether, present the Brazilian version of the SCAS as an instrument suitable to assess pediatric anxiety symptoms in Brazilian community and clinical settings. Implications for the psychological and psychiatric assessment and treatment of AD are discussed.

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Vilagut, Saiz Gemma 1975. "Assessment of depression in the adult general population using self-reported measures : Psychometric approaches for screening and severity appraisal." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/565927.

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This thesis provides evidence on the validity and diagnostic accuracy of generic and specific self-reported measures, developed from different psychometric approaches, to assess depression in the general population. First, we compare the reliability and diagnostic accuracy of the 12-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-12) traditional scoring with Multidimensional Item Response Theory (MIRT) scoring. Secondly, we conduct systematic literature review and meta-analysis of the diagnostic accuracy of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) as a screener for major depression. Finally, we assess the psychometric properties of IRT-based Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Depression measures. Our results indicate that: a) the MIRT SF-12 model is more reliable and has comparable diagnostic accuracy than other scoring methods; b) general and specific measures herein included yield good diagnostic accuracy as depression screeners; c) PROMIS Depression meets IRT assumptions, its measures are highly reliable and show good construct validity and responsiveness to change; and shows measurement invariance according to country (Spain and US). We conclude that self-reported measures are adequate for assessing depression in the general population, and provide additional information beyond detection of pathological individuals. The IRT psychometric approach provide higher flexibility and precision in administering and scoring questionnaires in survey studies, also allowing direct comparisons between populations.
Aquesta tesi proporciona evidencia sobre la validesa i la capacitat diagnòstica de mesures genèriques i específiques auto-reportades, construïdes des de diferents aproximacions psicomètriques per avaluar depressió en la població general. Primerament, es compara la fiabilitat i capacitat diagnòstica del qüestionari Short Form Health Survey (SF-12) utilitzant el càlcul de puntuació habitual, amb la puntuació obtinguda segons Teoria de Resposta a l’Ítem Multidimensional (TRIM). Posteriorment, s’avalua la capacitat diagnòstica del Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) per al cribratge de depressió major mitjançant una revisió sistemàtica amb meta-anàlisi. Finalment, s’avaluen les propietats psicomètriques de les mesures de depressió del Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS), basades en Teoria de Resposta a l’Ítem (TRI). Els resultats indiquen que: a) la puntuació basada en el model TRIM del SF-12 és més fiable però presenta capacitat diagnòstica similar als altres mètodes de puntuació; b) les mesures genèriques i especifiques avaluades proporcionen una bona capacitat diagnòstica per al cribratge de depressió en població general; c) el qüestionari PROMIS de Depressió compleix totes les assumpcions de TRI, elevada fiabilitat i bona validesa de constructe i sensibilitat al canvi, i els resultats donen suport a la invariància de les mesures pel que fa al país (Espanya i US). Es conclou que les mesures auto-reportades estudiades són adequades per avaluar depressió en la població general, i proporcionen una informació valuosa que va més enllà la detecció dicotòmica d’individus amb patologia o sense. L’aproximació psicomètrica basada en TRI proporciona major flexibilitat en l’administració i puntuació dels qüestionaris i precisió més elevada, i facilita comparacions directes entre poblacions.

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Düring, Jenny. "Exercise Self-Efficacy Scale - Schizophrenia Version : Utveckling och psykometrisk prövning av en diagnosspecifik skattningsskala." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för folkhälso- och vårdvetenskap, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-213412.

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Bakgrund: Self-efficacy, en persons tilltro till sin förmåga, är en faktor som påverkar hälsobeteenden såsom fysisk aktivitet. Exercise Self-Efficacy Scale mäter denna egenskap genom självskattning, men har inte utvärderats för personer med schizofreni. Syfte: Att omarbeta Exercise Self-Efficacy Scale för personer med schizofreni. Metod: Deskriptiv design med psykometrisk prövning av den omarbetade Exercise Self-Efficacy Scale. Första delen av studien bestod av fokusgrupper med patienter och personal på en psykiatrisk öppenvårdsmottagning för patienter med psykossjukdom. Utifrån resultatet av dessa utvecklades Exercise Self-Efficacy Scale – Schizophrenia Version. I den andra delen av studien fyllde 32 patienter med schizofreni eller schizoaffektivt syndrom i den omarbetade skalan vid två tillfällen med två veckors mellanrum. Beräkningar gjordes av inre överensstämmelse, test-retest reliabilitet och korrelation med självrapporterad fysisk aktivitet. Resultat: Fokusgrupperna gav rik information om faktorer såsom upplevda hinder för fysisk aktivitet och passande utformning av den nya skattningsskalan. Exercise Self-Efficacy Scale – Schizophrenia Version hade en mycket hög inre överensstämmelse (Cronbach's Alpha = 0,961) och test-retest reliabilitet (ICC = 0,951, p < 0,001). Skattad self-efficacy hade ett samband med självrapporterad fysisk aktivitet (Spearman's rho = 0,531, p < 0,01). Slutsats: Exercise Self-Efficacy Scale – Schizophrenia Version har hög reliabilitet och kan användas för självskattning av self-efficacy för fysisk aktivitet bland personer med schizofreni. Instrumentet kan vidareutvecklas genom att identifiera eventuellt överflödiga delfrågor.
Background: Self-efficacy is a factor that influences health behaviours such as physical activity. Exercise Self-Efficacy Scale is a self-rating scale designed to measure self-efficacy beliefs, but has not been evaluated for people with schizophrenia. Aim: To revise Exercise Self-Efficacy Scale for people with schizophrenia. Method: Descriptive design with psychometric evaluation of the revised Exercise Self-Efficacy Scale. The first part of the study included focus groups with patients and staff members at a psychiatric outpatient clinic for patients with psychosis. Based on the results of those, Exercise Self-Efficacy Scale – Schizophrenia Version was developed. In the second part of the study, 32 patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder completed the revised scale on two occasions separated by a two week interval. Internal consistency, test-retest reliability and correlation with self-reported physical activity were examined. Result: The focus groups gave rich information on factors such as perceived barriers to physical activity and suitable tailoring of the new rating scale. Exercise Self-Efficacy Scale – Schizophrenia Version showed a very high internal consistency (Cronbach's Alpha = 0,961) and test-retest reliability (ICC = 0,951, p < 0,001). Rated self-efficacy showed a correlation with self-reported physical activity (Spearman's rho = 0,531, p < 0,01). Conclusion: Exercise Self-Efficacy Scale – Schizophrenia Version has a high reliability and can be used for self-rating of exercise self-efficacy among people with schizophrenia. The instrument can be further developed by identifying potentially redundant items.

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Mumbardó, Adam Cristina. "Self-determination operationalization and conceptualization in young people with and without disabilities." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Ramon Llull, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/664662.

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L'autodeterminació ens permet actuar com agents causals de les nostres vides, així com fer front a les oportunitats i desafiaments que van apareixent en el nostre context. Atès que la instrucció en autodeterminació pot beneficiar a tots els joves, amb o sense discapacitat, conèixer els efectes de les oportunitats que es donen en el context en l'autodeterminació d'aquests joves contribueix al coneixement sobre el desenvolupament i l'ensenyament de l'autodeterminació. L'objectiu d'aquesta tesi doctoral resideix en explorar l'impacte de les oportunitats contextuals, és a dir, de la família i dels contextos educatius, en l'expressió de l'autodeterminació, definida sota la Teoria de l'Agència Causal, dels joves amb i sense discapacitat. En primer lloc, s'han adaptat dos qüestionaris per avaluar les característiques essencials de l'autodeterminació i les oportunitats proporcionades en context familiar i educatiu per actuar de forma autodeterminada. En segon lloc, s'han analitzat les propietats psicomètriques de les puntuacions d'una mostra de 620 joves amb i sense discapacitat recollides amb aquests instruments. Finalment, l'estimació dels paràmetres estructurals d'un model teòric que integra les característiques essencials de l'autodeterminació i les oportunitats contextuals han confirmat l'impacte significatiu del context en l'expressió de l'autodeterminació. El treball resumit ha donat lloc als articles presentats en aquesta tesi doctoral.
La autodeterminación nos permite actuar como agentes causales de nuestra propia vida, así como hacer frente a las oportunidades y desafíos que van apareciendo en nuestro contexto. Dado que la instrucción en autodeterminación puede beneficiar a todos los jóvenes, con o sin discapacidad, desentrañar los efectos de las oportunidades que se dan en el contexto en la autodeterminación de estos jóvenes contribuye al conocimiento sobre el desarrollo y la enseñanza de la autodeterminación. El objetivo de esta tesis doctoral reside en explorar el impacto de las oportunidades contextuales, es decir, de la familia y los contextos educativos, en la expresión de la autodeterminación, definida bajo la Teoría de la Agencia Causal, de los jóvenes con y sin discapacidad. En primer lugar, se han adaptado dos cuestionarios para evaluar las características y esenciales de la autodeterminación y las oportunidades proporcionadas en contexto familiar y educativo para actuar de forma autodeterminada. En segundo lugar, se han analizado las propiedades psicométricas de las puntuaciones de una muestra de 620 jóvenes con y sin discapacidad recogidas con dichos instrumentos. Finalmente, la estimación de los parámetros estructurales de un modelo teórico que integra las características esenciales de la autodeterminación y las oportunidades contextuales han confirmado el impacto significativo del contexto en la expresión de la autodeterminación. El trabajo resumido ha dado lugar a los artículos presentados en esta tesis doctoral.
Self-determination has been recognized as a crucial trait to act as the causal agent of one’s life and face and navigate contextual opportunities and challenges. Given that self-determination instruction can benefit all adolescents and young adults having a disability or not, disentangling the effects of environmental opportunities in self-determination expression has the potential to inform self-determination development and instruction. The aim of this doctoral thesis is mainly to explore the impact of contextual opportunities, namely home and educational contexts, on the self-determination expression of young people with and without disabilities, through Causal Agency Theory lens. First, two questionnaires to assess self-determination essential characteristics and opportunities provided at home and in educational settings to engage in self-determined actions were adapted. Second, the scores collected with these instruments were psychometrically analyzed in a sample of 620 youth with and without disabilities. Finally, structural parameters estimation of a theoretical model tested integrating self-determination essential characteristics and contextual opportunities confirmed the significant impact of context in self-determination expression. The summarized work has led to the articles presented in this doctoral thesis.

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Pascualon, Jussara Fatima. "Escala de avaliação da metacognição infantil : elaboração dos itens e análise dos parâmetros psicométricos." Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/6018.

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Metacognition represents thoughts and knowledge that individuals have about their own thoughts and cognitive processes. Two basic elements of metacognitive functioning are metacognitive knowledge, characterized by awareness of the processes and skills required to perform a certain task, and control or cognitive self-monitoring, which includes judgments about the effectiveness of the strategies initially proposed, and if necessary, the establishment of new ones. Given the lack of brazilian instruments that measure this ability, this study focused on the development of items and the analysis of evidence with respect to the validity and reliability of a scale for assessing metacognition in children between nine and 12 years of age. The first phase involved the construction of Likert-style Metacognition Scale, using a six points rating scale for the respondent to indicate the extent to which he would using each strategy. During the second phase, three experts evaluated the instructions and the 70 items to verify the content validity of the new scale. These experts were university professors with doctoral degrees, and two were specialists in metacognition. The third judge, given her expertise in elaboration of scales, assessed the adequacy of the instructions for the task. The reliability analysis performed on the responses of the experts presented a 70.3% of agreement. The specialist in elaborating scales suggested some modifications in the instructions, which are incorporated into the scale. Two samples of each which led to further changes in the instructions and reduction in the number of items from 70 to 67. The factor analysis performed on large sample of 196 participants revealed the presence of a single factor denominated Metacognition , responsible for 16.84% of the variance in the scale. After exclusion of items that had factor loadings below 0.30 of items that indicated misunderstandings by the participants and similar items, the new version of the EMETA was composed of 40 items with an internal consistency of 0.90. There were no significant differences related to performance variables such as gender, school type and age of the participants. As such, the analysis of validity and reliability of the items indicated adequacy of the concept initially proposed and good internal consistency of the final version of the scale.
A metacognição corresponde a pensamentos e conhecimentos que os indivíduos possuem sobre seus próprios pensamentos e processos cognitivos. Dois elementos básicos para o funcionamento metacognitivo são o conhecimento metacognitivo, caracterizado pela consciência sobre os processos e competências necessárias para a realização de uma determinada tarefa; e o controle ou auto-monitoramento cognitivo, que compreende o julgamento sobre a eficácia das estratégias propostas inicialmente e, se necessário, o estabelecimento de novas. Tendo em vista a carência de instrumentos nacionais que mensurem essa capacidade, este estudo objetivou a elaboração de itens e análise das evidências de validade e precisão de uma escala destinada à avaliação da metacognição de crianças entre nove e 12 anos de idade. A primeira etapa do estudo consistiu na construção da Escala de Metacognição, EMETA, que é do tipo Likert de seis pontos, sendo que o participante, a partir da leitura de afirmações, deve escolher, dentre as seis possibilidades de resposta, aquela que mais o caracteriza. A segunda etapa iniciou-se com o encaminhamento das instruções e dos 70 itens que compuseram o instrumento a três especialistas para a investigação das evidências de validade de conteúdo. Todos os juízes eram doutores e docentes de programas de pós-graduação, sendo dois especialistas em metacognição, de forma que foram solicitados a analisar a adequação das instruções e dos itens à teoria proposta. O terceiro juiz, por ser especialista em elaboração de instrumentos, analisou a adequação das instruções à tarefa a ser realizada. A análise de concordância, realizada nas respostas dos especialistas em metacognição, apresentou um índice de concordância de 70,3%. O especialista em elaboração de instrumentos sugeriu algumas modificações nas instruções, sendo todas incorporadas à escala. A escala foi aplicada em duas amostras-piloto de 15 participantes que produziram algumas modificações nas instruções e a redução do número de itens de 70 para 67. A análise fatorial realizada na amostra ampla de 196 participantes revelou a presença de um único fator, denominado Metacognição, como responsável por 16,84% da variância da escala. Após exclusão de itens que apresentaram cargas fatoriais abaixo de 0,30, itens mal compreendidos pelos participantes e itens semelhantes, a EMETA ficou composta por 40 itens, com consistência interna de 0,90. Não foram encontradas diferenças significativas entre a média do desempenho e as variáveis gênero, tipo de escola e idade dos participantes. A análise das evidências de validade e precisão indicou adequação dos itens ao conceito proposto inicialmente e boa consistência interna da escala.

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