Relevant bibliographies by topics / Assessment and management of freshwater ecosystems

Academic literature on the topic 'Assessment and management of freshwater ecosystems'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Assessment and management of freshwater ecosystems"

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Venohr, Markus, Simone D. Langhans, Oliver Peters, Franz Hölker, Robert Arlinghaus, Lewis Mitchell, and Christian Wolter. "The underestimated dynamics and impacts of water-based recreational activities on freshwater ecosystems." Environmental Reviews 26, no. 2 (June 2018): 199–213. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/er-2017-0024.

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Recreational activities on, in, and along freshwaters (e.g., boating, bathing, angling) positively contribute to human well-being but can also concurrently stress aquatic ecosystems. While outdoor recreation, aquatic ecosystems, and human well-being form coupled social-ecological systems, inherent fluxes and interactions between these have rarely been properly quantified. This paper synthesizes information on links between water-based recreational activities, effects on freshwater ecosystems integrity and recreational quality, and proposes a novel framework for assessment and integrated management. This framework is based on understanding relationships between recreational quality, demand and use, and recreational use-induced impacts on ecosystem state and function, as well as ecological and social carrying capacities. Current management approaches of freshwater ecosystems addressing economic, environmental, or recreational aspects are poorly linked and harmonized, and are further constrained by inadequate information on the dynamics and densities of recreational uses. Novel assessment and monitoring methods are needed to capture the short-term peak dynamics of water-based recreational uses, and we argue social media could play an increasingly important role here. An integrative recreation ecology management concept combined with peak usage information has great potential to form the basis for next-generation management approaches of freshwater and other ecosystems.
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Bănăduc, Doru, Vladica Simić, Kevin Cianfaglione, Sophia Barinova, Sergey Afanasyev, Ahmet Öktener, Grant McCall, Snežana Simić, and Angela Curtean-Bănăduc. "Freshwater as a Sustainable Resource and Generator of Secondary Resources in the 21st Century: Stressors, Threats, Risks, Management and Protection Strategies, and Conservation Approaches." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 24 (December 9, 2022): 16570. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192416570.

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This paper is a synthetic overview of some of the threats, risks, and integrated water management elements in freshwater ecosystems. The paper provides some discussion of human needs and water conservation issues related to freshwater systems: (1) introduction and background; (2) water basics and natural cycles; (3) freshwater roles in human cultures and civilizations; (4) water as a biosphere cornerstone; (5) climate as a hydrospheric ‘game changer’ from the perspective of freshwater; (6) human-induced stressors’ effects on freshwater ecosystem changes (pollution, habitat fragmentation, etc.); (7) freshwater ecosystems’ biological resources in the context of unsustainable exploitation/overexploitation; (8) invasive species, parasites, and diseases in freshwater systems; (9) freshwater ecosystems’ vegetation; (10) the relationship between human warfare and water. All of these issues and more create an extremely complex matrix of stressors that plays a driving role in changing freshwater ecosystems both qualitatively and quantitatively, as well as their capacity to offer sustainable products and services to human societies. Only internationally integrated policies, strategies, assessment, monitoring, management, protection, and conservation initiatives can diminish and hopefully stop the long-term deterioration of Earth’s freshwater resources and their associated secondary resources.
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Di Lorenzo, Tiziana, Grant C. Hose, and Diana M. P. Galassi. "Assessment of Different Contaminants in Freshwater: Origin, Fate and Ecological Impact." Water 12, no. 6 (June 24, 2020): 1810. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12061810.

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Freshwater ecosystems cover over 15% of the world’s surface and provide ecosystem services that are pivotal in sustaining human society. However, fast-growing anthropogenic activities have deleterious impacts on these ecosystems. In this Special Issue, we collect ten studies encompassing five different factors of freshwater contamination: landfill leaks, nutrients, heavy metals, emerging organic contaminants and marble slurry. Using different approaches, the studies detailed the direct and indirect effects that these contaminants have on a range of freshwater organisms, from bacteria to vertebrates. Although the papers covered here focused on specific case studies, they exemplify common issues that are expanding in groundwaters, hyporheic zones, streams, lakes and ponds around the world. All the aspects of these issues are in dire need of being continuously discussed among scientists, end-users and policy-makers. To this end, the Special Issue presents a new free software suite for the analysis of the ecological risk and conservation priority of freshwater ecosystems. The software can support local authorities in the preparation of management plans for freshwater basins pursuant to the Water Directives in Europe.
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T. Kingsford, Richard, and Jon Nevill. "Urgent need for a systematic expansion of freshwater protected areas in Australia." Pacific Conservation Biology 12, no. 1 (2006): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc060007.

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Freshwater ecosystems (including inland saline wetlands and mound springs) are among the more imperilled ecosystems in the world. Australia is no exception, but their protection has lagged behind programmes of terrestrial protection. Freshwater protected areas are an essential component of biodiversity conservation programmes, but a systematic approach to their development in Australia has been slow, and hindered by incomplete ecosystem inventories at State and national levels. We examine this problem and suggest avenues for action. Further, while there is no shortage of relevant legislation and policy for protecting freshwater aquatic systems in Australia, some protective mechanisms have not yet been used, many years after their development. In some places "protection" has been only partially applied without regard to important issues of hydrologic connectivity ? with species extinction as a direct consequence. The most urgent priority is to identify those aquatic ecosystems most at risk. A comprehensive national assessment of the conservation status of freshwater ecosystems should be undertaken immediately. Such an assessment would provide both a platform and an impetus for the systematic expansion of the nation's freshwater protected areas. Political will is then essential for effective conservation, utilizing the plethora of conservation and management tools available.
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Forio, Marie Anne Eurie, and Peter L. M. Goethals. "An Integrated Approach of Multi-Community Monitoring and Assessment of Aquatic Ecosystems to Support Sustainable Development." Sustainability 12, no. 14 (July 12, 2020): 5603. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12145603.

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Aquatic ecosystems are one of the most threatened ecosystems in the world resulting in the decline of aquatic biodiversity. Monitoring and the assessment of aquatic ecosystems are necessary to protect and conserve these ecosystems as monitoring provides insights into the changes in the aquatic ecosystem over a long period of time and assessment indicates the status of these ecosystems. This paper presents an overview of different methods for the hydromorphological, physical–chemical and the biological monitoring and assessment of surface waters. Furthermore, recently developed monitoring and assessment methods are discussed to support sustainable water management and contribute to the implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals 6 (SDG6 related to clean water and sanitation) and 15 (SDG15 related to terrestrial and freshwater systems) of the United Nations. However, many other SDGs are dependent on freshwater, such as food (e.g., SDG2) and climate-related SDGs. We presented an innovative concept for integrated monitoring and assessment. The main new elements are the monitoring of all communities and the use of integrated socio-environmental models to link these communities to ecosystem interactions and functions as a basis for determining their relation to the SDGs. Models can also allow to determine the effects of changes in SDGs on the different elements of the concept, and serve in this manner as tools for the selection of an optimal balance between the SDGs in the context of sustainable development.
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Bervoets, Lieven, Marc Baillieul, Ronny Blust, Gudrun De Boeck, and Rudolf Verheyen. "Impact assessment of industrial effluents on freshwater ecosystems." Science of The Total Environment 134 (January 1993): 1123–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0048-9697(05)80116-0.

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Alexeev, D. K., V. A. Shelutko, N. V. Zueva, E. V. Kolesnikova, E. S. Urusova, and E. A. Primak. "Research results in the field of applied and systems ecology at RSHU." HYDROMETEOROLOGY AND ECOLOGY. PROCEEDINGS OF THE RUSSIAN STATE HYDROMETEOROLOGICAL UNIVERSITY, no. 60 (2020): 306–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.33933/2074-2762-2020-60-306-324.

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The authors’ point of view on formation and development of applied ecology at RSHU is given. The article contains a brief overview of research results over the past 20 years in the field of applied ecology. The main directions of research of the Department of Applied and Systems Ecology are presented: consideration of features of environmental information during the processing of observation data, development of theory and methods of assessment of pollution in rivers and reservoirs, ecological and hydrometeorological problems of large cities and industrial areas, quality management of the urban environment, mathematical modeling of water body ecosystems, monitoring and assessment of the ecological status of marine ecosystems. The issues of international cooperation of the Department with foreign and Russian organizations are highlighted. One of the challenges that require making immediate decision in environment quality assessment is criterion selection for estimation the ecological condition, status or ambient quality standard. To solve this problem, it is proposed to use the method of integral assessment of the sustainability and health of marine and freshwater ecosystems, which can characterize the ecological status of the aquatic ecosystems as a whole. On the basis of synthesis of existing approaches to assessing the sustainability and ecosystem health, the choice of models and methods for their quantitative integral assessment is justified. An integral indicator of the sustainability of marine and freshwater ecosystems, as well as a training model-classification have been developed to calculate integral indices, which allow to classify various aquatic areas according to the classes of sustainability and ecosystem health. In addition, recommendations have been proposed to improve standard methods of water quality assessment based on hydrochemical data and to reduce environmental risk for sustainable development of urban areas.
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Nel, J. L., E. Turak, S. Linke, and C. Brown. "Integration of environmental flow assessment and freshwater conservation planning: a new era in catchment management." Marine and Freshwater Research 62, no. 3 (2011): 290. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf09318.

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Integrated water resources management offers an ideal platform for addressing the goals of freshwater conservation and climate change adaptation. Environmental flow assessment and systematic conservation planning have evolved separately in respective aquatic and terrestrial realms, and both are central to freshwater conservation and can inform integrated water resources management. Integrating these two approaches is mutually beneficial. Environmental flow assessment considers dynamic flow regimes, measuring social, economic and ecological costs of development scenarios. Conservation planning systematically produces different conservation scenarios that can be used in assessing these costs. Integration also presents opportunities to examine impacts of climate change on conservation of freshwater ecosystems. We review progress in environmental flow assessment and freshwater conservation planning, exploring the mutual benefits of integration and potential ways that this can be achieved. Integration can be accomplished by using freshwater conservation planning outputs to develop conservation scenarios for assessment against different scenarios, and by assessing the extent to which each scenario achieves conservation targets. New tools that maximise complementarity by achieving conservation and flow targets simultaneously should also be developed.
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Jenkins, K. M., R. T. Kingsford, G. P. Closs, B. J. Wolfenden, C. D. Matthaei, and S. E. Hay. "Climate change and freshwater ecosystems in Oceania: an assessment of vulnerability and adaptation opportunities." Pacific Conservation Biology 17, no. 3 (2011): 201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc110201.

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Human-forced climate change significantly threatens the world’s freshwater ecosystems, through projected changes to rainfall, temperature and sea level. We examined the threats and adaptation opportunities to climate change in a diverse selection of rivers and wetlands from Oceania (Australia, New Zealand and Pacific Islands). We found common themes, but also important regional differences. In regulated floodplain rivers in dry regions (i.e. Australia), reduced flooding projected with climate change is a veneer on current losses, but impacts ramp up by 2070. Increasing drought threatens biota as the time between floods extends. Current measures addressing water allocations and dam management can be extended to adapt to climate change, with water buy-back and environmental flows critical. Freshwater wetlands along coastal Oceania are threatened by elevated salinity as sea level rises, potentially mitigated by levee banks. In mountainous regions of New Zealand, the biodiversity of largely pristine glacial and snow melt rivers is threatened by temperature increases, particularly endemic species. Australian snow melt rivers face similar problems, compounding impacts of hydro-electric schemes. Translocation of species and control of invasive species are the main adaptations. Changes to flow regime and rising water temperatures and sea levels are the main threats of climate change on freshwater ecosystems. Besides lowering emissions, reducing impacts of water consumption and protecting or restoring connectivity and refugia are key adaptations for conservation of freshwater ecosystems. Despite these clear imperatives, policy and management has been slow to respond, even in developed regions with significant resources to tackle such complex issues.
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Barros, Juliana, and Sahadevan Seena. "Fungi in Freshwaters: Prioritising Aquatic Hyphomycetes in Conservation Goals." Water 14, no. 4 (February 16, 2022): 605. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14040605.

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Deprivation of protection for aquatic hyphomycetes is disturbing because they are key players in freshwater ecosystems across the globe. To attain a more holistic conservation paradigm for biodiversity in freshwaters, it is necessary to broaden our ecological perception of microfungi, mainly in aquatic hyphomycetes. A considerable groundwork still needs to be accomplished in progressing towards conserving aquatic hyphomycetes. Overcoming the paucity of information regarding the rare and endangered species, biogeography and above all, a global biodiversity database, would be a significant contribution in the initiation of an overarching conservation strategy for aquatic hyphomycetes. Being aware that the biodiversity decline in freshwaters is alarming, here we seek to explore why biodiversity data of aquatic hyphomycetes are missing. This article closely examines the threats to the biodiversity of aquatic hyphomycetes and freshwater ecosystems. Moving forward, we advocate a structured approach to gaining a thorough understanding to embrace aquatic hyphomycetes biodiversity into the conservation strategies. Including aquatic hyphomycetes in the conservation objectives may attract more funding opportunities for global surveys to initiate a fungal inclusive conservation era. Fungal conservation ventures can profit from interdisciplinary collaborations and cutting-edge science and technology, leading to informed decision making for biodiversity assessment and management.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Assessment and management of freshwater ecosystems"

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Wilson, Gregory B. "Ecosystem-Based Management of the Lake Erie Ecosystem: A Survey-Based Approach to Assessment of Management Needs." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1302202900.

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Browne, Samantha. "The role of acute toxicity data for South African freshwater macroinvertebrates in the derivation of water quality guidelines for salinity." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2005. http://eprints.ru.ac.za/174/.

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Ayas, Ceren. "Decoupling Developmentalism-environmentalism: Human Nature Conceptualizations In Freshwater Ecosystems Management In Turkey." Master's thesis, METU, 2009. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12611182/index.pdf.

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Would it be possible to go one step further than proposing sustainable development as the ultimate answer where people live within nature harmoniously if natural resources were not managed by central authorities, who mostly are male, aged, middle-class bureaucrats? Bearing in mind that we have reached a stage where ecological credit crunch will define human&rsquo
s limits remarks for non-teleological and eco-friendly ways of conceptualizing the relationship between human beings and nature is explored with an emphasis of &lsquo
who&rsquo
that is local, female, young, social science-based, active in civil movement. The objective of conducting the research is to find out the ways why green approaches in social, political and economic spheres in Turkey are not integrated as a first step to decouple the antagonism in man&rsquo
s relationship with nature. The analysis tried to grasp the discrepancies of conceptualizing human-nature relationship in order to find out which segment of the society would be closer to adopt green values, with the intention of proposing them to be involved in a greater extent to decision-making mechanisms with regards to natural resources management, as well as an attempt to grasp the overall picture in understanding nature-human relationship in Turkey by focusing on wetland management based on the research conducted in Bafa Lake (Aydin), Uluabat Lake (Bursa), Salt Lake (Konya) and Egirdir Lake (Isparta). Thanks to the scale that is constructed by operationalizing the existing debates on environmental ethics, agents that would follow more ecologically sound discipline towards living harmoniously within nature is analysed.
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Pereira, Ana Carina Santos. "Linking exposure of mediterranean freshwater ecosystems to pesticides mixtures with their environmental side-effects." Doctoral thesis, ISA, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/14958.

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Doutoramento em Engenharia do Ambiente - Instituto Superior de Agronomia
In freshwater ecosystems associated with agricultural areas, organisms are exposed to a multitude of toxicologically and structurally distinct pesticides in concentrations that may fluctuate over time. However, the environmental risks of chemicals are traditionally evaluated and regulated on the basis of single substance. Understanding and improving the link between effects and exposure assessment is an important step in the current challenges of risk assessment in order to increase its ecological relevance. To this end, integrated approaches of different hierarchical levels of complexity and ecological realism have been developed and applied, including: exposure modelling, laboratory testing with individual organisms, species sensitivity distribution, ecosystem models and assessment of aquatic community interactions to evaluate the effects of realistic pesticide combinations on water bodies associated with rice, tomato and maize typical agroecosystems of Mediterranean conditions. Contributing to the overall knowledge of the adequacy of the prospective risk assessment and demonstrating that pesticide risk may be underestimated during the actual registration procedure. The data generated in the present study contributed to the derivation of optimized programs of measures under the scope of European legislation; the identification of sites with the highest expected impacts of pesticide mixtures; the evaluation of the major pesticide compounds that contributed mostly to the identified aquatic risks. Furthermore contribute to a deeper knowledge and unravel the effects of co-occurring chemicals, environmental and biological stressors in aquatic ecosystems considering the effects of biotic and abiotic interactions at community and ecosystem levels. The results contribute to reducing the risks of pesticides in freshwater
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Damiani, Mattia. "Addressing water consumption impacts on freshwater ecosystems : development of a regionalized, global habitat-based model for life cycle impact assessment." Thesis, Montpellier, SupAgro, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NSAM0013.

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Environ 65% des eaux intérieures sont menacées modérément ou fortement par l'altération anthropique et le changement climatique. La Terre a perdu environ la moitié de ses habitats d'eau intérieure au cours des cent dernières années et le prélèvement mondial d'eau devrait augmenter de plus de 50% au cours des 20 prochaines années. Dans ce contexte, la concurrence pour les ressources en eau entre les humains et les écosystèmes est appelée à s'intensifier au détriment de la biodiversité d'eau douce. Pour cette raison, il est aujourd'hui impératif de quantifier et de sauvegarder les besoins en eau de ces écosystèmesEn tant qu'outil global d'aide à la prise de décision, plusieurs modèles d'évaluation d'impact de la consommation d'eau sur les écosystèmes ont été proposés dans le cadre de l'analyse du cycle de vie (ACV). L'un des défauts importants des modèles actuels d'ACV, qu'ils soient mécanistes ou non-mécanistes, midpoint ou endpoint, c’est la prise en compte limitée des besoins environnementaux en eau (EWR). Pour cette raison, les approches existantes pour l'évaluation des EWR ont été étudiées, afin d'évaluer les avantages potentiels d'une meilleure prise en compte des principes écohydrologiques dans l’ACV sur les écosystèmesCela a permis de définir le concept d'habitat d'eau douce en ACV et d'élaborer un cadre conceptuel pour l'application des méthodes de simulation d'habitat dans la modélisation. Un indicateur midpoint du potentiel de changement d'habitat (HCP) évaluant l'impact de la modification du débit sur les habitats des poissons et des invertébrés dans les cours d'eau a été élaboré. Le nouveau modèle a été testé sur le réseau fluvial français à l'échelle du tronçon fluvial, en caractérisant le changement d'habitat en saison sèche et humide. Les HCP ont ensuite été agrégés à l'échelle du bassin versant. Après, le nouveau modèle a été généralisé pour permettre une extension globale. Les variables d'entrée du modèle HCP généralisé ont été calculées à partir des bases de données et des modèles existants sur une résolution mensuelle. Les limites, l'incertitude et les perspectives de recherche de la nouvelle approche ont finalement été discutées
Approximately 65% of inland waters are under moderate or high threat by anthropogenic alteration and climate change. Earth has lost around half of inland water habitats in the last hundred years and global water withdrawal is expected to increase by more than 50% within the next 20 years. In this context, competition for water resources between humans and ecosystems is set to rise at the expense of freshwater-dependent biodiversity. For this reason, nowadays it is imperative to quantify and safeguard water needs of freshwater-dependent ecosystems.As a global tool to support decision-making, in life cycle assessment (LCA) several models for life cycle impact assessment (LCIA) of water consumption on ecosystems have been proposed. One important flaw of current LCIA models, whether they are mechanistic or non-mechanistic, midpoint or endpoint-oriented, is their limited consideration of environmental water requirements (EWR). For this reason, existing approaches for EWR assessment have been investigated to evaluate potential benefits of better including ecohydrological principles in LCIA on ecosystems.This enabled the definition of the concept of freshwater habitat within the boundaries of LCIA and the development of a framework for the application of habitat simulation methods in LCIA modeling. A midpoint habitat change potential (HCP) indicator assessing the impact of flow alteration on instream habitats of fish and invertebrates was developed. The new model has been tested on the French river network at the river reach scale, characterizing habitat change in wet and dry seasons. HCPs were then aggregated at watershed scale. The new model was subsequently generalized to allow global extension. Input variables of the generalized HCP model have been calculated from existing databases and models on a monthly resolution. Limitations, uncertainty and research perspectives of the new approach are discussed
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Valentine, K. Hope. "Methods in health assessment of freshwater mussels, Amblema plicata and Quadrula spp." The Ohio State University, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1293654676.

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Uyizeye, Erasme. "Developing an Odonate-Based Index for Monitoring Freshwater Ecosystems in Rwanda: Towards Linking Policy to Practice through Integrated and Adaptive Management." Antioch University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=antioch158827000356307.

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Nikolakopoulou, Myrto-Georgia. "The functional role of emergent macrophytes in nature-based solutions (NBS) aiming to mitigate nutrient loading in freshwater ecosystems." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/672904.

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Freshwater degradation has been largely attributed to excess nutrient concentrations of anthropogenic origin. Freshwater degradation in combination with water scarcity are the reason of severe stress on water resources globally. As one third of the world’s population does not have access to clean drinking water, nutrient pollution is imperative to be addressed. Nature-based solutions (NBS) is a recent concept to address several societal challenges, using techniques inspired by nature, or by nature itself, while preserving ecosystem sustainability. Water security is among the essential societal challenges that NBS can address, with nutrient pollution of freshwater systems being one of its primary aspects. While NBS projects aiming to address nutrient loading in freshwater systems, conspicuously include emergent macrophytes in their design, there is a lack in mechanistic understanding of how these aquatic plants enhance water treatment performance. In the present doctoral thesis, we focused on bridging this knowledge gap by investigating the plants’ physical, chemical and biological influence on the subsurface aquatic environment and the implications for nutrient mitigation. Specifically, we examined subsurface solute transport and nutrient retention under the presence of three emergent macrophyte species; Iris pseudacorus L., Phragmites australis L., and Scirpus lacustris L., while we also explored the influence of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) quality on nitrogen cycling. To this aim, we performed a series of three studies in a setup of 12 artificial flumes, where we used traditional methods of stream ecology (i.e. pulse additions of conservative and reactive tracers) to characterize subsurface solute transport and to estimate nutrient spiraling metrics. Likewise, we experimentally modified DOC lability in the flumes, and we characterized root system architecture of the used emergent macrophytes. Regarding the physical effect of macrophytes, our results showed that macrophytes root architecture can substantially influence subsurface solute transport. Specifically, a dense root system of fine roots results in increased hydraulic retention, while an architecture of thicker roots leads to inverse results, facilitating infiltration. Further, we found that the chemical and biological influence of emergent macrophytes on the subsurface aquatic environment is species specific, and depends on physiological differences between the species, and on the plants’ capacity to create long residence times in the subsurface. Additionally, the presence of emergent macrophytes was found to facilitate N removal, while the availability of a labile C source mostly increased microbial respiration, rather than denitrification. Finally, in the general discussion of the thesis, we discuss the above results and further synthesized them with information from the literature, within the context of NBS. Overall, the present doctoral thesis elucidates some unclear aspects of the functional role of emergent macrophytes in NBS aiming nutrient mitigation, highlight the importance of suitable macrophyte species selection in NBS systems to optimize treatment performance, and provides valuable guidelines to NBS practitioners for successful macrophyte species identification.
La degradació dels ecosistemes aquàtics s’ha atribuït, en gran mesura, a l’excés de concentracions de nutrients d’origen antropogènic. Aquesta degradació, combinada amb l’escassetat d’aigua, és la principal causa de l’alarmant problemàtica dels recursos hídrics a nivell global. Donat que un terç de la població mundial no té accés a aigua potable, es fa imprescindible abordar la problemàtica de la contaminació per nutrients. El concepte de solució basada en la natura (SBN) ha aparegut recentment per designar aquelles tècniques inspirades en la natura que aborden diversos reptes socials tot preservant la sostenibilitat dels ecosistemes. La seguretat de poder disposar d'aigua es troba entre els desafiaments socials més importants que avui dia afronten les SBNs, essent la contaminació per nutrients en ecosistemes aquàtics un dels seus principals objectius. Si bé els SBN destinats a abordar la problemàtica de la càrrega de nutrients en sistemes aquàtics incorporen macròfits emergents en el seu disseny de forma rutinària, hi ha una manca de coneixement dels mecanismes que expliquen com aquestes plantes aquàtiques milloren el tractament de les aigües. En aquesta tesi doctoral, ens hem proposat reduir aquesta mancança del coneixement investigant com els trets físics, químics i biològics de les plantes influeixen en el medi aquàtic subsuperficial i com afecten la mitigació de nutrients. Concretament, hem examinat el transport de soluts a la subsuperficie i la retenció de nutrients sota la presència de tres espècies de macròfits emergents; Iris pseudacorus L., Phragmites australis L. i Scirpus lacustris L.. Addicionalment, hem explorat la influència de la qualitat del carboni orgànic dissolt en el cicle del nitrogen. Per portar a terme aquest objectiu, es van realitzar una sèrie de tres treballs dissenyats amb una mateixa configuració de 12 canals artificials experimentals, i on es van aplicar mètodes tradicionals de l’ecologia fluvial (és a dir, addicions sobtades de traçadors conservatius i d’elements reactius) per poder caracteritzar el transport subsuperficial de soluts i estimar les mètriques de l’espiral de nutrients. Igualment, es va modificar experimentalment el grau de labilitat del carboni en el sistema de canals, i es va caracteritzar l'arquitectura del sistema radicular d’aquests tres macròfits emergents. Quant a l’efecte físic dels macròfits, els resultats demostren que l’arquitectura radicular dels macròfits influeix substancialment en el transport subsuperficial dels soluts. Concretament, un sistema dens d’arrels fines dóna lloc a una major retenció hidràulica, mentre que una arquitectura d’arrels més gruixudes condueix a resultats inversos, donat que faciliten la infiltració a nivell intersticial. A més, hem constatat que la influència química i biològica dels macròfits emergents en el medi subsuperficial aquàtic és específica de cada espècie, i depèn de les diferències fisiològiques entre elles, i de la capacitat de les plantes per crear major temps de residència en el medi intersticial. Addicionalment, hem provat que la presència de macròfits emergents facilita l’eliminació de nitrogen, mentre que la disponibilitat d’una font de carboni làbil fa augmentar la respiració aeròbica microbiana en lloc de la desnitrificació. Finalment, a la discussió general de la tesi, es discuteixen els resultats obtinguts i es sintetitzen dins del context de les SBN amb informació extreta de la bibliografia. En general, la present tesi doctoral posa de manifest aspectes poc coneguts sobre el paper funcional dels macròfits emergents quant a la reducció de nutrients en les SBNs. També posa en relleu la importància de fer una selecció adequada d’espècies de macròfits per a sistemes on s’apliquen SBN a fi d’optimitzar el tractament d’aigües; i proporciona valuoses pautes per a professionals que apliquen SBNs per tal d’identificar les espècies de macròfits més apropiades per la reducció de nutrients.
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Ho, Chi-fai, and 何志輝. "Ecological risk assessment and management of invasive freshwater fish species from aquarium and ornamental trades in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/194580.

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Since globalization have promoted the ornamental trade and accelerated the movement of freshwater fishes around the world, non-native species pose a high potential to be released into local freshwater habitats, and to spread and establish as invasive and nuisance species with adverse ecological, economic and social impacts. This study aimed to investigate the potential of the ornamental freshwater fish trade as an invasion pathway in Hong Kong, assess the ecological risk of common aquarium freshwater fish species being traded in the local market, identify species of concern and recommend ways for their management with a view to minimizing biological invasion risk associated with the aquarium trade. Based on a series of systematic market surveys through visiting 46 major aquarium shops in Hong Kong, about 167 freshwater fish species were found in the local aquarium trade between summer 2012 and spring 2013. Twenty-five species were randomly selected to go through two standard ecological risk assessment protocols (i.e., FISK & IFRA). The assessment results indicated that the goldfish (Carassius auratus), common carp (Cyprinus carpio carpio) and Wel’s catfish (Silurus glanis) have a high invasive risk in Hong Kong. The ornamental trade is one of the significant sources of freshwater fish invasions in Hong Kong. An integrated invasive species management plan is recommended to apply and implement in Hong Kong. The key elements of this management plan include (1) development of law and regulation on invasive species, (2) establishment of an early detection programme (like the current study), (3) implementation of control and eradication measures, (4) setting up invasive species handling guidelines and (5) fostering public education programs on biological invasion prevention. The plan should involve the participation of all stakeholders, such as government, industry, social community organization and public in order to engage them to jointly effectively tackle and manage invasive species and thereby conserve Hong Kong’s aquatic biodiversity.
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Environmental Management
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Master of Science in Environmental Management
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Figueroa-Cano, Maria Enedina. "Indicators for the assessment of the sustainability of anthropogenic ecosystems, a model development approach for watershed natural resources management." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/mq48572.pdf.

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Books on the topic "Assessment and management of freshwater ecosystems"

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1951-, Norris Richard H., and Reynoldson Trefor B, eds. Bioassessment of freshwater ecosystems: Using the reference condition approach. Boston: Kluwer Academic, 2004.

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1967-, Bruch Carl, ed. Public participation in the governance of international freshwater resources. Tokyo: United Nations University Press, 2005.

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Programme, United Nations Environment. GEO-6: Global Environment Outlook: Regional assessment for the Pan-European Region. Nairobi, Kenya: United Nations Environment Programme, 2016.

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Carlo, Felice de. Freshwater ecosystems and aquaculture research. New York: Nova Science, 2010.

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1963-, Carlo Felice de, and Bassano Alessio 1965-, eds. Freshwater ecosystems and aquaculture research. Hauppage, NY: Nova Science, 2009.

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E, Cushing C., ed. Freshwater ecosystems and climate change in North America: A regional assessment. Chichester: Wiley, 1997.

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Samuel, Sunguro, and United Nations Environment Programme, eds. Freshwater under threat: Vulnerability assessment of freshwater resources of environmental change : Africa. Nairobi, Kenya: UNEP, 2008.

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Isom, BG, ed. Rationale for Sampling and Interpretation of Ecological Data in the Assessment of Freshwater Ecosystems. 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959: ASTM International, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/stp894-eb.

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Joseph, Alcamo, Bennett Elena M, and Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (Program), eds. Ecosystems and human well-being: A framework for assessment. Washington, DC: Island Press, 2003.

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Kövecses, Jennifer. Avermectins: Potential environmental risks and impacts on freshwater ecosystems in Québec. [Montréal]: St. Lawrence Centre, 2005.

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Book chapters on the topic "Assessment and management of freshwater ecosystems"

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Hellawell, J. M. "Freshwater Ecosystems." In Biological Indicators of Freshwater Pollution and Environmental Management, 10–44. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-4315-5_2.

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Kumar, Gyanendra, and Uzma Afaq. "Freshwater Biodiversity: Importance, Threats, and Management." In Biodiversity of Freshwater Ecosystems, 1–20. Boca Raton: Apple Academic Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003277125-1.

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Khan, Nafeesa Farooq, and Zafar A. Reshi. "Diversity and Management of Freshwater Macrophytes in the Kashmir Himalayas." In Biodiversity of Freshwater Ecosystems, 39–67. Boca Raton: Apple Academic Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003277125-3.

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Frissell, Christopher A., N. LeRoy Poff, and Mark E. Jensen. "Assessment of Biotic Patterns in Freshwater Ecosystems." In A Guidebook for Integrated Ecological Assessments, 390–403. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-8620-7_27.

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King, Michael. "Ecology and Ecosystems." In Fisheries Biology, Assessment and Management, 1–82. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing Ltd,., 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118688038.ch1.

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Smith, Benjamin, Anto Aasa, Rein Ahas, Thorsten Blenckner, Terry V. Callaghan, Jacqueline de Chazal, Christoph Humborg, et al. "Climate-related Change in Terrestrial and Freshwater Ecosystems." In Assessment of Climate Change for the Baltic Sea Basin, 221–308. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-72786-6_4.

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Moyle, Peter B. "Effects of Invading Species on Freshwater and Estuarine Ecosystems." In Invasive Species and Biodiversity Management, 177–91. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4523-7_12.

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Dedecker, A. P., P. L. M. Goethals, and N. de Pauw. "Sensitivity and robustness of a stream model based on artificial neural networks for the simulation of different management scenarios." In Modelling Community Structure in Freshwater Ecosystems, 133–46. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-26894-4_13.

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Sinclair, M., G. L. Bugden, C. L. Tang, J. C. Therriault, and P. A. Yeats. "Assessment of Effects of Freshwater Runoff Variability on Fisheries Production in Coastal Waters." In The Role of Freshwater Outflow in Coastal Marine Ecosystems, 139–60. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-70886-2_9.

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Aris, Ahmad Zaharin, Wan Ying Lim, and Ley Juen Looi. "Natural and Anthropogenic Determinants of Freshwater Ecosystem Deterioration: An Environmental Forensic Study of the Langat River Basin, Malaysia." In Environmental Management of River Basin Ecosystems, 455–76. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-13425-3_21.

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Conference papers on the topic "Assessment and management of freshwater ecosystems"

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Beaugelin-Seiller, K., J. Garnier-Laplace, R. Gilbin, C. Adam, Anselmo Salles Paschoa, and Friedrich Steinhäusler. "Uranium Chemical and Radiological Risk Assessment for Freshwater Ecosystems Receiving Ore Mining Releases: Principles, Equations and Parameters." In THE NATURAL RADIATION ENVIRONMENT: 8th International Symposium (NRE VIII). AIP, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2991240.

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Kholodkevich, Sergey, Andrey Sharov, Marko Nikolic, and Aleksandar Joksimovic. "Bioindication of aquatic ecosystems on the base of the assessment of functional state of freshwater bivalve mollusks." In 2015 4th Mediterranean Conference on Embedded Computing (MECO). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/meco.2015.7181939.

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Biancone, Noemi, Chiara Bicchielli, Fernando Ferri, and Patrizia Grifoni. "Falls detection and assessment." In MEDES'16: The 8th International Conference on ManagEment of Digital EcoSystems. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3012071.3012088.

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Gianinetto, Marco, Martina Aiello, Renata Vezzoli, Francesco Rota Nodari, Francesco Niccolò Polinelli, Federico Frassy, Maria Cristina Rulli, et al. "Satellite-based cover management factor assessment for soil water erosion in the Alps." In Remote Sensing for Agriculture, Ecosystems, and Hydrology, edited by Christopher M. Neale and Antonino Maltese. SPIE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2325536.

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Grigorev, Igor. "VALIDATION OF ECOLOGICAL EFFICIENCY ASSESSMENT FOR FOREST MANAGEMENT METHODOLOGY." In 14th SGEM GeoConference on WATER RESOURCES. FOREST, MARINE AND OCEAN ECOSYSTEMS. Stef92 Technology, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2014/b32/s14.069.

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Al Chami, Zahi, Bechara Al Bouna, Chady Abou Jaoude, and Richard Chbeir. "A Real-Time Multimedia Data Quality Assessment Framework." In MEDES '19: 11th International Conference on Management of Digital EcoSystems. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3297662.3365803.

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Konstantinova, Elina, Liga Brunina, Aija Persevica, and Inga Honavko. "Assessment of ecosystems and ecosystem services for sustainable land use management in Latvia." In 16th International Scientific Conference Engineering for Rural Development. Latvia University of Agriculture, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/erdev2017.16.n245.

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Flug, Marshall, John Bartholow, and Sharon Campbell. "Restoration and Management of Western River Ecosystems: A Systems Impact Assessment Model for the Klamath–Trinity River." In 29th Annual Water Resources Planning and Management Conference. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40430(1999)212.

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Pearlman, Jay, Rene Garello, Eric Delory, Ayoze Castro, Joaquin del Rio, Daniel Mihai Toma, Jean-Francois Rolin, Christoph Waldmann, and Oliver Zielinski. "Requirements and approaches for a more cost-efficient assessment of ocean waters and ecosystems, and fisheries management." In OCEANS 2014. IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/oceans.2014.7003144.

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Elobaid, Elnaim, Bruno Welter Giraldes, Hamad Al-Kuwari, Jassim Al-Khayat, Fadhil Sadooni, and Ekhlas Elbary. "Towards Sustainable Management of Coastal and Offshore Islands in Arabian Gulf Typology: Sensitivity Analysis, Ecological Risk Assessment of Halul and Al-Alyia Islands." In Qatar University Annual Research Forum & Exhibition. Qatar University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2021.0035.

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The great majority of marine ecosystems in Qatar are in fast decline and nearing collapse, where most ecosystem has lost the biological and economic functionality. Aiming to support the decision makers in the management and restoration strategies for recovering the biological and economic functionality of the ecosystems/natural resources of Qatar, we conducted 1) a typology mapping of the main components of the ecosystem of two islands, 2) a sensitivity and vulnerability assessment according to the known guidelines and standards. Highlighting the potential ecological risk and required recommendations for sustainable management plans, within the frame of Qatar National Vision 2030 (QNV 2030). The Islands present different anthropogenic pressure. As expected, Al Alyia the coastal Island is under real risk, with critical areas of sensibility but still presenting a potential for recovering its economy and ecological functionality, highlighting the collapsed stage of the very sensitive coral reefs, the vulnerability of oyster beds and seagrass and the functionality of the mangrove (expanding) and Sabha with massive birds nesting. The offshore Island Halul presented in the typology mapping the coral reefs as the main ecosystem but with the presence of seagrass, algae bed, sandy beach, and Sabha. The coral reef still presents a certain functionality, with corals covering several hard substrates, however with high sensitivity and high vulnerability, especially the coral in the shallow areas with scattered colonies, and the vulnerable nesting of marine turtles on beaches. As the management, we recommend increasing the restoration effort of targeted ecosystems, mainly involving coral reefs for increasing the marine biodiversity in general and restoring the oyster beds for recovering the filtration service. Strategies must be made for recovering the ecosystems’ functionality and restore the productivity of the Qatari fishing stock. We recommend applying this mapping method and sensitivity classification for all marine areas around Qatar for supporting the management plans.
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Reports on the topic "Assessment and management of freshwater ecosystems"

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Albright, Jeff, Kim Struthers, Lisa Baril, John Spence, Mark Brunson, and Ken Hyde. Natural resource conditions at Glen Canyon National Recreation Area: Findings & management considerations for selected resources. National Park Service, April 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2293112.

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Glen Canyon National Recreation Area (GLCA) encompasses more than 0.5 million ha (1.25 million ac) and extends over 322 km (200 mi) from its northern boundary in southern Utah to its southern boundary in northern Arizona. It is one of the most rugged, remote, and floristically diverse national parks on the Southern Colorado Plateau (Thomas et. al 2005) and has more than 4,900 km (3,045 mi) of waterways flowing through its eight Hydrologic Unit Code (HUC 8) watersheds. GLCA’s larger perennial rivers include the Colorado, Escalante, Dirty Devil, San Juan, and Paria, with smaller perennial and intermittent streams flowing into each of these rivers. After the creation of the Glen Canyon Dam, Lake Powell formed, covering 13% of the park’s total land area when full and the national recreation area attracts over 4 million visitors annually, and in 2019 GLCA ranked 19th highest in recreational visits out of all national parks. The National Park Service Natural Resource Condition Assessment Program selected GLCA to pilot its new NRCA project series. NRCA projects evaluate the best available science to provide park managers with reliable, actionable information pertaining to natural resource conditions in their park. For the park-selected focal study resources, this includes consideration of drivers and stressors known or suspected of influencing resource conditions; assessment of current conditions and trends for indicators of condition; and potential near-term and future activities or actions managers can consider, improving their knowledge and management of natural resources in parks. For focal resources that lack adequate data to assess current conditions, a gap analysis is provided (in lieu of a condition assessment) to highlight the present status of knowledge of the resource and to suggest useful indicators, data, and studies for further consideration and investigation. Park managers are encouraged to identify information needs and pose questions during the NRCA scoping process, with the understanding that information will be provided to help address those needs and answer those questions when possible. For a comprehensive list of GLCA managers’ questions and needs, please refer to Appendix A, Table A-1. The focus of GLCA’s NRCA study was the water-dependent resources—tinajas, springs & seeps, including water quality, riparian zone, amphibians, including the northern leopard frog (Lithobates pipiens), and small, native fishes—that are found off the mainstem Colorado River. Managers were interested in these particular environments and the natural resources that depend on them because they are less studied, and the habitats are “biodiversity hotspots” due to the intersection of complex desert and freshwater ecosystems in a region limited by water. The following summaries highlight the key findings of GLCA’s focal resource drivers and stressors (Chapter 2), states (Chapter 3), and manager responses (Chapter 4).
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Rai, R., S. Ranabhat, R. Bhandari, S. Lamichhane, K. Timalsina, S. Wahid, and L. D. Bhatta. Freshwater ecosystems of the Koshi River basin, Nepal: A rapid assessment; ICIMOD Working Paper 2019/6. Kathmandu, Nepal: International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.53055/icimod.752.

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Rai, R., S. Ranabhat, R. Bhandari, S. Lamichhane, K. Timalsina, S. Wahid, and L. D. Bhatta. Freshwater ecosystems of the Koshi River basin, Nepal: A rapid assessment; ICIMOD Working Paper 2019/6. Kathmandu, Nepal: International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.53055/icimod.752.

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McKay, S. Is mean discharge meaningless for environmental flow management? Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/45381.

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River ecosystems are highly dependent on and responsive to hydrologic variability over multiple time scales (e.g., hours, months, years). Fluctuating river flows present a key challenge to river managers, who must weigh competing demands for freshwater. Environmental flow recommendations and regulations seek to provide management targets balancing socio-economic outcomes with maintenance of ecological integrity. Often, flow management targets are based on average river conditions over temporal windows such as days, months, or years. Here, three case studies of hydrologic variability are presented at each time scale, which demonstrate the potential pitfalls of mean-based environmental flow criteria. Each case study shows that the intent of the environmental flow target is not met when hydrologic variability is considered. While mean discharge is inadequate as a single-minded flow management target, the consequences of mean flow prescriptions can be avoided in environmental flow recommendations. Based on these case studies, a temporal hierarchy of environmental flow thresholds is proposed (e.g., an instantaneous flow target coupled with daily and monthly averages), which would improve the efficacy of these regulations.
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Lonsdale, Whitney R., Wyatt F. Cross, Charles E. Dalby, Sara E. Meloy, and Ann C. Schwend. Evaluating Irrigation Efficiency: Toward a Sustainable Water Future for Montana. The Montana University System Water Center, November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.15788/mwc202011.

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Water is our most valuable natural resource, and is used to support the demands of industry, agriculture, hydroelectric power generation, and municipalities. Water also sustains Montana’s booming recreation and tourism economy and maintains the diverse freshwater ecosystems that provide natural goods and services and promote human well-being. As our population continues to grow, and the collective demand for water increases, it is imperative that we carefully assess how our water is used, as well as how changes in water distribution, management, and governance are likely to influence its availability in the future. This is especially important in the context of a changing climate.
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Hostetler, Steven, Cathy Whitlock, Bryan Shuman, David Liefert, Charles Wolf Drimal, and Scott Bischke. Greater Yellowstone climate assessment: past, present, and future climate change in greater Yellowstone watersheds. Montana State University, June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.15788/gyca2021.

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The Greater Yellowstone Area (GYA) is one of the last remaining large and nearly intact temperate ecosystems on Earth (Reese 1984; NPSa undated). GYA was originally defined in the 1970s as the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem, which encompassed the minimum range of the grizzly bear (Schullery 1992). The boundary was enlarged through time and now includes about 22 million acres (8.9 million ha) in northwestern Wyoming, south central Montana, and eastern Idaho. Two national parks, five national forests, three wildlife refuges, 20 counties, and state and private lands lie within the GYA boundary. GYA also includes the Wind River Indian Reservation, but the region is the historical home to several Tribal Nations. Federal lands managed by the US Forest Service, the National Park Service, the Bureau of Land Management, and the US Fish and Wildlife Service amount to about 64% (15.5 million acres [6.27 million ha] or 24,200 square miles [62,700 km2]) of the land within the GYA. The federal lands and their associated wildlife, geologic wonders, and recreational opportunities are considered the GYA’s most valuable economic asset. GYA, and especially the national parks, have long been a place for important scientific discoveries, an inspiration for creativity, and an important national and international stage for fundamental discussions about the interactions of humans and nature (e.g., Keiter and Boyce 1991; Pritchard 1999; Schullery 2004; Quammen 2016). Yellowstone National Park, established in 1872 as the world’s first national park, is the heart of the GYA. Grand Teton National Park, created in 1929 and expanded to its present size in 1950, is located south of Yellowstone National Park1 and is dominated by the rugged Teton Range rising from the valley of Jackson Hole. The Gallatin-Custer, Shoshone, Bridger-Teton, Caribou-Targhee, and Beaverhead-Deerlodge national forests encircle the two national parks and include the highest mountain ranges in the region. The National Elk Refuge, Red Rock Lakes National Wildlife Refuge, and Grays Lake National Wildlife Refuge also lie within GYA.
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Walz, Yvonne, Florence Nick, Oscar Higuera Roa, Udo Nehren, and Zita Sebesvari. Coherence and Alignment among Sustainable Land Management, Ecosystem-based Adaptation, Ecosystem-based Disaster Risk Reduction and Nature-based Solutions. United Nations University - Institute for Environment and Human Security, November 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.53324/mwgp9896.

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Approaches integrating environmental management practices have been gaining importance in recent years. Sustainable Land Management (SLM), Ecosystem-based Adaptation (EbA), Ecosystem-based disaster Risk Reduction (Eco-DRR) and Nature-based Solutions (NbS) are widely applied approaches that tackle certain drivers of challenges such as food insecurity, water scarcity, decline in biodiversity and threats to livelihoods, while also considering both human well-being and ecosystem functions and services. Better understanding the similarities, differences and relationships between these approaches helps to improve efficiency in implementation and leverage synergies. By shedding more light on where these approaches align, investments in land-based solutions in response to different types of environmental challenges can be more effectively designed to achieve multiple targets. In response to the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD) decision 19/COP.14 paragraph 4, the main objective of this report is to understand and elaborate upon the characteristics of SLM, EbA, Eco-DRR and NbS. The report begins with an overview of the historical backgrounds and origins of SLM, EbA, Eco-DRR and NbS. Despite differences in their specific goals and targeted benefits, all approaches aim for the support of biodiversity, land-based ecosystems and ecosystem services and functions, and employ measures to conserve, restore and sustainably use land to support ecosystem services and functions, including SLM technologies. Furthermore, irrespective of their different goals, the projects developed under any approach can generate comparable co-benefits, especially due to their support of biodiversity. The capacity for all these approaches to deliver multiple co-benefits means that projects of each approach can directly contribute to implementing the specific goals of the other approaches as well. Thus, multiple global and national targets, frameworks, strategies and conventions which call for the implementation of one or more of these approaches, can benefit from this report by avoiding duplication and reducing the overall investments necessary to achieve the set targets and goals. This is critical for achieving the ambitious Agenda 2030, including voluntary land degradation neutrality (LDN) targets and climate action under the Paris Agreement. It will also be the case for the post-2020 global biodiversity framework currently under development. The added value that will come from optimizing the links among these approaches extends from national policymakers to the practitioners of SLM, EbA and Eco-DRR projects, which all share the ultimate goal of sustainable development. To capture the coherence and alignment among these approaches, their similarities and differences have been summarized in a conceptual framework. The framework has been designed to help practitioners understand the specific goals of each approach, and to link these to the relevant global and national targets, frameworks, strategies and conventions, which can support monitoring and evaluation as well as reporting processes. The synergies among these approaches are further illustrated based on three case studies in order to demonstrate opportunities for leveraging multiple co-benefits and targets at implementation level irrespective of the different objectives under each. The results of this assessment demonstrate that activities under one approach can be beneficial to achieve the specific goals of other approaches with little additional effort. It is essential for policymakers, project developers and practitioners to recognize that. This is key to the achievement of sustainable development.
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Bowles, David, Michael Williams, Hope Dodd, Lloyd Morrison, Janice Hinsey, Tyler Cribbs, Gareth Rowell, Michael DeBacker, Jennifer Haack-Gaynor, and Jeffrey Williams. Protocol for monitoring aquatic invertebrates of small streams in the Heartland Inventory & Monitoring Network: Version 2.1. National Park Service, April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2284622.

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The Heartland Inventory and Monitoring Network (HTLN) is a component of the National Park Service’s (NPS) strategy to improve park management through greater reliance on scientific information. The purposes of this program are to design and implement long-term ecological monitoring and provide information for park managers to evaluate the integrity of park ecosystems and better understand ecosystem processes. Concerns over declining surface water quality have led to the development of various monitoring approaches to assess stream water quality. Freshwater streams in network parks are threatened by numerous stressors, most of which originate outside park boundaries. Stream condition and ecosystem health are dependent on processes occurring in the entire watershed as well as riparian and floodplain areas; therefore, they cannot be manipulated independently of this interrelationship. Land use activities—such as timber management, landfills, grazing, confined animal feeding operations, urbanization, stream channelization, removal of riparian vegetation and gravel, and mineral and metals mining—threaten stream quality. Accordingly, the framework for this aquatic monitoring is directed towards maintaining the ecological integrity of the streams in those parks. Invertebrates are an important tool for understanding and detecting changes in ecosystem integrity, and they can be used to reflect cumulative impacts that cannot otherwise be detected through traditional water quality monitoring. The broad diversity of invertebrate species occurring in aquatic systems similarly demonstrates a broad range of responses to different environmental stressors. Benthic invertebrates are sensitive to the wide variety of impacts that influence Ozark streams. Benthic invertebrate community structure can be quantified to reflect stream integrity in several ways, including the absence of pollution sensitive taxa, dominance by a particular taxon combined with low overall taxa richness, or appreciable shifts in community composition relative to reference condition. Furthermore, changes in the diversity and community structure of benthic invertebrates are relatively simple to communicate to resource managers and the public. To assess the natural and anthropo-genic processes influencing invertebrate communities, this protocol has been designed to incorporate the spatial relationship of benthic invertebrates with their local habitat including substrate size and embeddedness, and water quality parameters (temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, specific conductance, and turbidity). Rigid quality control and quality assurance are used to ensure maximum data integrity. Detailed standard operating procedures (SOPs) and supporting information are associated with this protocol.
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Pruitt, Bruce, K. Killgore, William Slack, and Ramune Matuliauskaite. Formulation of a multi-scale watershed ecological model using a statistical approach. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/38862.

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The purpose of this special report is to provide a statistical stepwise process for formulation of ecological models for application at multiple scales using a stream condition index (SCI). Given the global variability of aquatic ecosystems, this guidance is for broad application and may require modification to suit specific watersheds or stream reaches. However, the general statistical treatise provided herein applies across physiographies and at multiple scales. The Duck River Watershed Assessment in Tennessee was used, in part, to develop and test this multiscale, statistical approach; thus, it is considered a case example and referenced throughout this report. The findings of this study can be utilized to (1) prioritize water-sheds for restoration, enhancement, and conservation; (2) plan and conduct site-specific, intensive ecosystem studies; and (3) assess ecosystem outcomes (that is, ecological lift) applicable to future with and without restoration actions including alternative, feasibility, and cost-benefit analyses and adaptive management.
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Salcido, Charles, Patrick Wilson, Justin Tweet, Blake McCan, Clint Boyd, and Vincent Santucci. Theodore Roosevelt National Park: Paleontological resource inventory (public version). National Park Service, May 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2293509.

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Theodore Roosevelt National Park (THRO) in western North Dakota was established for its historical connections with President Theodore Roosevelt. It contains not only historical and cultural resources, but abundant natural resources as well. Among these is one of the best geological and paleontological records of the Paleocene Epoch (66 to 56 million years ago) of any park in the National Park System. The Paleocene Epoch is of great scientific interest due to the great mass extinction that occurred at its opening (the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event), and the unusual climatic event that began at the end of the epoch (the Paleocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum, an anomalous global temperature spike). It is during the Paleocene that mammals began to diversify and move into the large-bodied niches vacated by dinosaurs. The rocks exposed at THRO preserve the latter part of the Paleocene, when mammals were proliferating and crocodiles were the largest predators. Western North Dakota was warmer and wetter with swampy forests; today these are preserved as the “petrified forests” that are one of THRO’s notable features. Despite abundant fossil resources, THRO has not historically been a scene of significant paleontological exploration. For example, the fossil forests have only had one published scientific description, and that report focused on the associated paleosols (“fossil soils”). The widespread petrified wood of the area has been known since at least the 19th century and was considered significant enough to be a tourist draw in the decades leading up to the establishment of THRO in 1947. Paleontologists occasionally collected and described fossil specimens from the park over the next few decades, but the true extent of paleontological resources was not realized until a joint North Dakota Geological Survey–NPS investigation under John Hoganson and Johnathan Campbell between 1994–1996. This survey uncovered 400 paleontological localities within the park representing a variety of plant, invertebrate, vertebrate, and trace fossils. Limited investigation and occasional collection of noteworthy specimens took place over the next two decades. In 2020, a new two-year initiative to further document the park’s paleontological resources began. This inventory, which was the basis for this report, identified another 158 fossil localities, some yielding taxa not recorded by the previous survey. Additional specimens were collected from the surface, among them a partial skeleton of a choristodere (an extinct aquatic reptile), dental material of two mammal taxa not previously recorded at THRO, and the first bird track found at the park. The inventory also provided an assessment of an area scheduled for ground-disturbing maintenance. This inventory is intended to inform future paleontological resource research, management, protection, and interpretation at THRO. THRO’s bedrock geology is dominated by two Paleocene rock formations: the Bullion Creek Formation and the overlying Sentinel Butte Formation of the Fort Union Group. Weathering of these formations has produced the distinctive banded badlands seen in THRO today. These two formations were deposited under very different conditions than the current conditions of western North Dakota. In the Paleocene, the region was warm and wet, with a landscape dominated by swamps, lakes, and rivers. Great forests now represented by petrified wood grew throughout the area. Freshwater mollusks, fish, amphibians (including giant salamanders), turtles, choristoderes, and crocodilians abounded in the ancient wetlands, while a variety of mammals representing either extinct lineages or the early forebearers of modern groups inhabited the land. There is little representation of the next 56 million years at THRO. The only evidence we have of events in the park for most of these millions of years is isolated Neogene lag deposits and terrace gravel. Quaternary surficial deposits have yielded a few fossils...
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