Academic literature on the topic 'Assessment and management of benthic marine ecosystems'
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Journal articles on the topic "Assessment and management of benthic marine ecosystems"
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Marcelli, Marco, Sergio Scanu, Francesco Manfredi Frattarelli, Emanuele Mancini, and Filippo Maria Carli. "A Benthic Zonation System as a Fundamental Tool for Natural Capital Assessment in a Marine Environment: A Case Study in the Northern Tyrrhenian Sea, Italy." Sustainability 10, no. 10 (October 19, 2018): 3786. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10103786.
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Coastal marine areas are characterized by the highest values of ecosystem services and by multiple uses that are often in conflict with each other. Natural capital analysis is claimed to be a valid tool to support space planning. In the context of the Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD) of the European Union (EU), the EU Joint Research Centre (JRC) Scientific and Policy Report 2014 defines the monitoring of specific descriptors and their possible use, based on an ecosystem-services approach. Mediterranean marine ecosystems are characterized by high biodiversity and the presence of relevant benthic biocenosis that can be used as a tool to support coastal planning, conservation, and monitoring programs. In this study, we considered the Mediterranean benthic biocenosis, as classified by Pérès and Picard, as a working tool and propose a basic spatial unit for the assessment of marine ecosystem services. Focusing on a high-resolution local-scale analysis, this work presents an accurate identification of the different biocenoses for the coastal area of Civitavecchia in the Northern Tyrrhenian Sea, Italy, and ecosystem services, as well as a benefits assessment, of the Posidonia oceanica meadows.
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SALOMIDI, M., S. KATSANEVAKIS, A. BORJA, U. BRAECKMAN, D. DAMALAS, I. GALPARSORO, R. MIFSUD, et al. "Assessment of goods and services, vulnerability, and conservation status of European seabed biotopes: a stepping stone towards ecosystem-based marine spatial management." Mediterranean Marine Science 13, no. 1 (February 28, 2012): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/mms.23.
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The goal of ecosystem-based marine spatial management is to maintain marine ecosystems in a healthy, productive and resilient condition; hence, they can sustainably provide the needed goods and services for human welfare. However, the increasing pressures upon the marine realm threaten marine ecosystems, especially seabed biotopes, and thus a well-planned approach of managing use of marine space is essential to achieve sustainability. The relative value of seabed biotopes, evaluated on the basis of goods and services, is an important starting point for the spatial management of marine areas. Herein, 56 types of European seabed biotopes and their related goods, services, sensitivity issues, and conservation status were compiled, the latter referring to management and protection tools which currently apply for these biotopes at European or international level. Fishing activities, especially by benthic trawls, and marine pollution are the main threats to European seabed biotopes. Increased seawater turbidity, dredged sediment disposal, coastal constructions, biological invasions, mining, extraction of raw materials, shipping-related activities, tourism, hydrocarbon exploration, and even some practices of scientific research, also exert substantial pressure. Although some first steps have been taken to protect the European sea beds through international agreements and European and national legislation, a finer scale of classification and assessment of marine biotopes is considered crucial in shaping sound priorities and management guidelines towards the effective conservation and sustainability of European marine resources.
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Duarte, Sofia, Barbara Leite, Maria Feio, Filipe Costa, and Ana Filipe. "Integration of DNA-Based Approaches in Aquatic Ecological Assessment Using Benthic Macroinvertebrates." Water 13, no. 3 (January 29, 2021): 331. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13030331.
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Benthic macroinvertebrates are among the most used biological quality elements for assessing the condition of all types of aquatic ecosystems worldwide (i.e., fresh water, transitional, and marine). Current morphology-based assessments have several limitations that may be circumvented by using DNA-based approaches. Here, we present a comprehensive review of 90 publications on the use of DNA metabarcoding of benthic macroinvertebrates in aquatic ecosystems bioassessments. Metabarcoding of bulk macrozoobenthos has been preferentially used in fresh waters, whereas in marine waters, environmental DNA (eDNA) from sediment and bulk communities from deployed artificial structures has been favored. DNA extraction has been done predominantly through commercial kits, and cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) has been, by far, the most used marker, occasionally combined with others, namely, the 18S rRNA gene. Current limitations include the lack of standardized protocols and broad-coverage primers, the incompleteness of reference libraries, and the inability to reliably extrapolate abundance data. In addition, morphology versus DNA benchmarking of ecological status and biotic indexes are required to allow general worldwide implementation and higher end-user confidence. The increased sensitivity, high throughput, and faster execution of DNA metabarcoding can provide much higher spatial and temporal data resolution on aquatic ecological status, thereby being more responsive to immediate management needs.
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Demestre, Montserrat, Paolo Sartor, Alfredo Garcia-de-Vinuesa, Mario Sbrana, Francesc Maynou, and Andrea Massaro. "Ecological importance of survival of unwanted invertebrates discarded in different NW Mediterranean trawl fisheries." Scientia Marina 82, S1 (December 20, 2018): 189. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/scimar.04784.28a.
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There is currently very little information on the survival of discards of unwanted and unregulated catches of invertebrates after the stresses caused by capture. A great number of the unregulated invertebrate species form the basis of essential fish habitats for important fisheries resources such as hake, red mullet and cuttlefish. Thus, data on their survival after discarding may help to interpret the role of these species within the benthic ecosystems. Furthermore, descriptor 6 of the Marine Strategy Framework Directive (EU Directive 2008/56/E) foresees maintaining sea floor integrity at a level that ensures that the structure and functions of the ecosystems are safeguarded, and Article 7(d) of the Common Fisheries Policy (EU Reg. 1380/2013) foresees the implementation of management measures for fishing with low impact on the marine ecosystem and fishery resources. Survival measurements by direct recovery of tagged discarded species are not effective in bottom trawl fisheries, for which alternative studies such as semi-quantitative measures obtained on board prior to discarding can be considered as appropriate for mortality estimation. The present work assessed the survival of unwanted species using a semi-quantitative assessment on the deck of trawlers and at the laboratory for a period of 96 hours in two Mediterranean areas (the Catalan coast and the Ligurian and Northern Tyrrhenian seas). A high number of discarded invertebrates showed a high percentage of survival (>70%) in both assessments. The results can be used to provide information that can help to achieve higher survival levels of discarded specimens and enhance the productivity of fishing grounds by increasing the health of benthic ecosystems.
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Lejeune, Benjamin, Dorothée Kopp, Sonia Mehault, and Maud Aline Mouchet. "Assessing the diet and trophic level of marine fauna in a fishing ground subject to discarding activity using stable isotopes." PLOS ONE 17, no. 6 (June 7, 2022): e0268758. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0268758.
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Discarding practices have become a source of concern for the perennation of marine resources, prompting efforts of discard reduction around the globe. However, little is known about the fate of discards in marine environments. Discarding may provide food for various marine consumers, potentially affecting food web structure and stability. Yet, quantifying reliance upon discards is difficult because identity and frequency of discards may change according to multiple factors, and most previously used diet assessment techniques do not allow to assume consistency of feeding strategies over time. One currently untested hypothesis is that significant contribution of discards over time should reflect in increased trophic level (TL) of marine fauna, particularly in low TL consumers. Here, we explored this hypothesis by modeling the TL and assimilated diet of consumers living in fishing grounds subject to important discarding activity using stable isotope analysis. We found indications that benthic invertebrates and Chondrichthyes may depict a higher than expected TL, while other fish tend to depict similar to lower TL compared to global averages from the literature. Based on prior knowledge of discard consumption in the same area, stable isotope mixing models congruently revealed that discards may represent substantial portions of the assimilated diet of most benthic invertebrate macrofauna, cephalopods and Chondrichthyes. We highlight limitations and challenges of currently used diet assessment techniques to study discard consumption and stress that understanding their reintegration in marine food webs is crucial in the context of an ecosystem approach to fisheries management and to better understand the functioning of marine ecosystems subject to fishing.
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Turissa, Pragunanti, Nababan Bisman, Siregar Vincentius, Kushardono Dony, and Madduppa Hawis. "Evaluation Methods of Change Detection of Seagrass Beds in the Waters of Pajenekang and Gusung Selayar." Trends in Sciences 18, no. 23 (November 15, 2021): 677. http://dx.doi.org/10.48048/tis.2021.677.
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Knowledge about coastal and small island ecosystems is increasing for the monitoring of marine resources based on remote sensing. Remote sensing data provides up-to-date information with various resolutions when detecting changes in ecosystems. Studies have defined a shift in marine resources but were limited only to pixel or object classification in changes of seagrass area. In the present study, two classification method analysis approaches were compared to obtain optimum results in detecting changes in seagrass extent. It aimed to determine the dynamics of a seagrass ecosystem by comparing two classification methods in the waters of Gusung Island and Pajenekang, South Sulawesi, these methods being pixel-based and object-based classification methods. This research used SPOT-7 satellite imagery with 6 m2 of spatial resolution. Accuracy assessment using the confusion matrix showed optimum accuracy in object-based classification with an accuracy value of 87 %. Meanwhile, pixel-based classification showed an accuracy value of 78 % around Gusung Island. Pajenekang Island had accuracy values of 69 % with object-based classification and 65 % with pixel-based classification. A comparison of both classification methods revealed statistically high accuracy in mapping the benthic habitats of seagrass ecosystems. The results of the classifications showed a decline in the area of seagrass populations around Gusung Island from 2016 - 2018 and around Pajenekang Island from 2013 - 2017, with a change rate of 11.8 % around the island of Gusung and 7.6 % around the island of Pajenekang. This can explain the reason for the temporal method of object-based research classification having the best potential to process data changes in areas of seagrass in South Sulawesi waters and remote sensing information for the mapping of coastal area ecosystems.
HIGHLIGHTS
Information on coastal ecosystems globally with remote sensing data is currently very easy to access, but information related to ecosystem management and seagrass ecology in certain areas is still limited
Analysis of seagrass benthic changes in shallow water requires data processing methods with high accuracy
The OBIA (Object Based Image Analysis) method is one of the analytical methods that can provide optimal results in observing changes in seagrass ecosystems in the waters of South Sulawesi, Indonesia
GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
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Paganelli, Daniela, Paola La Valle, Marina Pulcini, Raffaele Proietti, Luisa Nicoletti, Barbara La Porta, Loretta Lattanzi, Alfredo Pazzini, Monica Targusi, and Massimo Gabellini. "Towards an evaluation of physical loss pressure in the Italian seas for the implementation of the marine strategy framework directive." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 98, no. 1 (June 13, 2017): 61–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315417000911.
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All over the world marine waters are under increasing pressure from human activities affecting marine ecosystems. Several EU Directives require assessment of the condition of marine environments; in particular the Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD) applies an ecosystem approach to the management of human activities. In this context, the mapping of pressures in a standardized and comparable way is a critical step to assess the spatial pattern, the temporal change and the ecological impacts of human pressures. Within the MSFD, one of the stressors directly affecting the seafloor is the Physical Loss (PL) pressure, representing the permanent or long-term alteration of marine habitats. The main purpose of this study was to propose a method to estimate the spatial extent of PL pressure in the framework of the Initial Assessment phase of the MSFD. Furthermore, considering that human activities PL-related cause the loss of benthic habitats, and that the Mediterranean sea is characterized by sensitive and protected habitats such as the biogenic substrates sensu MSFD, the distribution of PL pressure was overlaid with the distribution of the seabed habitats to estimate the loss of biogenic substrates. This study represents a useful tool for establishing the baseline condition for PL pressure, to compare future conditions and to evaluate different management scenarios. Moreover, it allows identification of the areas where pressure tends to accumulate as ‘hot spots’ on which to focus in future impact analyses and the areas where few stressors are present.
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Pauli, Nora-Charlotte, Jana S. Petermann, Christian Lott, and Miriam Weber. "Macrofouling communities and the degradation of plastic bags in the sea: an in situ experiment." Royal Society Open Science 4, no. 10 (October 2017): 170549. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.170549.
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The increasing amount of plastic littered into the sea may provide a new substratum for benthic organisms. These marine fouling communities on plastic have not received much scientific attention. We present, to our knowledge, the first comprehensive analysis of their macroscopic community composition, their primary production and the polymer degradation comparing conventional polyethylene (PE) and a biodegradable starch-based plastic blend in coastal benthic and pelagic habitats in the Mediterranean Sea. The biomass of the fouling layer increased significantly over time and all samples became heavy enough to sink to the seafloor. The fouling communities, consisting of 21 families, were distinct between habitats, but not between polymer types. Positive primary production was measured in the pelagic, but not in the benthic habitat, suggesting that large accumulations of floating plastic could pose a source of oxygen for local ecosystems, as well as a carbon sink. Contrary to PE, the biodegradable plastic showed a significant loss of tensile strength and disintegrated over time in both habitats. These results indicate that in the marine environment, biodegradable polymers may disintegrate at higher rates than conventional polymers. This should be considered for the development of new materials, environmental risk assessment and waste management strategies.
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Conversi, Alessandra, Vasilis Dakos, Anna Gårdmark, Scott Ling, Carl Folke, Peter J. Mumby, Charles Greene, et al. "A holistic view of marine regime shifts." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 370, no. 1659 (January 5, 2015): 20130279. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2013.0279.
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Understanding marine regime shifts is important not only for ecology but also for developing marine management that assures the provision of ecosystem services to humanity. While regime shift theory is well developed, there is still no common understanding on drivers, mechanisms and characteristic of abrupt changes in real marine ecosystems. Based on contributions to the present theme issue, we highlight some general issues that need to be overcome for developing a more comprehensive understanding of marine ecosystem regime shifts. We find a great divide between benthic reef and pelagic ocean systems in how regime shift theory is linked to observed abrupt changes. Furthermore, we suggest that the long-lasting discussion on the prevalence of top-down trophic or bottom-up physical drivers in inducing regime shifts may be overcome by taking into consideration the synergistic interactions of multiple stressors, and the special characteristics of different ecosystem types. We present a framework for the holistic investigation of marine regime shifts that considers multiple exogenous drivers that interact with endogenous mechanisms to cause abrupt, catastrophic change. This framework takes into account the time-delayed synergies of these stressors, which erode the resilience of the ecosystem and eventually enable the crossing of ecological thresholds. Finally, considering that increased pressures in the marine environment are predicted by the current climate change assessments, in order to avoid major losses of ecosystem services, we suggest that marine management approaches should incorporate knowledge on environmental thresholds and develop tools that consider regime shift dynamics and characteristics. This grand challenge can only be achieved through a holistic view of marine ecosystem dynamics as evidenced by this theme issue.
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Schill, Steven R., Valerie Pietsch McNulty, F. Joseph Pollock, Fritjof Lüthje, Jiwei Li, David E. Knapp, Joe D. Kington, et al. "Regional High-Resolution Benthic Habitat Data from Planet Dove Imagery for Conservation Decision-Making and Marine Planning." Remote Sensing 13, no. 21 (October 21, 2021): 4215. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13214215.
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High-resolution benthic habitat data fill an important knowledge gap for many areas of the world and are essential for strategic marine conservation planning and implementing effective resource management. Many countries lack the resources and capacity to create these products, which has hindered the development of accurate ecological baselines for assessing protection needs for coastal and marine habitats and monitoring change to guide adaptive management actions. The PlanetScope (PS) Dove Classic SmallSat constellation delivers high-resolution imagery (4 m) and near-daily global coverage that facilitates the compilation of a cloud-free and optimal water column image composite of the Caribbean’s nearshore environment. These data were used to develop a first-of-its-kind regional thirteen-class benthic habitat map to 30 m water depth using an object-based image analysis (OBIA) approach. A total of 203,676 km2 of shallow benthic habitat across the Insular Caribbean was mapped, representing 5% coral reef, 43% seagrass, 15% hardbottom, and 37% other habitats. Results from a combined major class accuracy assessment yielded an overall accuracy of 80% with a standard error of less than 1% yielding a confidence interval of 78–82%. Of the total area mapped, 15% of these habitats (31,311.7 km2) are within a marine protected or managed area. This information provides a baseline of ecological data for developing and executing more strategic conservation actions, including implementing more effective marine spatial plans, prioritizing and improving marine protected area design, monitoring condition and change for post-storm damage assessments, and providing more accurate habitat data for ecosystem service models.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Assessment and management of benthic marine ecosystems"
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Karenyi, Natasha. "Patterns and drivers of benthic macrofouna to support systematic conservation planning for marine unconsolidated sediment ecosystems." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020989.
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Marine unconsolidated sediments constitute the largest ecosystems on earth in terms of spatial coverage, but there are still critical gaps in the science required to support conservation and ecosystem-based management. This is mainly due to the inaccessibility of these ecosystems in wave-exposed environments or deeper waters and the difficulty in observing biota in their three-dimensional sedimentary habitat. Currently, the physical driving processes of intertidal unconsolidated sediment ecosystems are much better understood than those of the subtidal ecosystems. However, these ecosystems are linked through water and sediment movement. This thesis, therefore, considers the continuum of unconsolidated sediment ecosystems across the entire continental shelf (i.e. intertidal to the shelf edge). The aim of this thesis was two-fold; (i) to advance the foundational understanding of biodiversity patterns and driving processes in unconsolidated sediment habitats, and (ii) to apply this knowledge in the development of a systematic conservation plan for marine unconsolidated sediment ecosystems. The South African west coast continental shelf was used as a case study in order to represent Eastern boundary upwelling regions. This study sought to investigate biodiversity patterns in macro-infaunal communities and determine their driving processes for incorporation into habitat classifications and the development of a habitat map. Systematic conservation plans require a map of biodiversity patterns and processes, and quantitative conservation targets to ensure representation of all biodiversity features including habitats.in marine protected areas. This thesis provided these key elements by classifying the unconsolidated sediment habitats and determining habitat-specific evidence-based conservation targets to support conservation of these important ecosystems. The application of these elements was then demonstrated in a systematic conservation plan for the unconsolidated sediment ecosystems of the South African west coast. Diversity patterns were examined using physical and macro-infauna data, ranging from the beach to the shelf edge (0-412 m). These data were analysed to develop two different habitat classifications, namely seascapes derived from geophysical and biophysical data, and biotopes derived from the combination of macro-infaunal and physical data. Multivariate analyses of 13 physical variables identified eight seascapes for the unconsolidated sediment samples from 48 sites on the South African west coast. These were based on depth, slope, sediment type, and upwelling-related processes (i.e. maximum chlorophyll concentration, sediment organic carbon content and austral summer bottom oxygen concentration). Latitude and bottom temperature were not considered major drivers of seascapes on the west coast because latitude closely reflected changes in upwelling-related processes and the temperature range was narrow across the shelf. This study revealed that productivity, a biophysical variable not usually included in geo-physical habitat classifications, played a significant role in the definition of seascapes on the South African west coast. It is therefore recommended that productivity be included in future seascape classifications to improve the utility of these classifications particularly in areas of variable productivity. Seascapes should, however, be tested against biological data to improve the understanding of key physical drivers of communities in unconsolidated sediment ecosystems. Macro-infaunal community distributions were determined along with their physical drivers for the unconsolidated sediments of the South African west coast. A total of 44 828 individuals from 469 taxa were identified from 48 sites representing 46.2 m2 of seafloor. Seven distinct macro-infaunal communities were defined through multivariate analyses and their key characteristic and distinguishing species were identified. These communities reflected five depth zones across the shelf, namely beach, inner shelf (10-42 m), middle shelf (60-142 m), outer shelf (150-357 m) and shelf edge (348-412 m). The processes driving the community structure of these depth zones were postulated to be tides, wave turbulence, seasonal hypoxia, habitat stability and homogeneity, and internal tides and/or shelf break upwelling, with drivers listed in order of increasing influence with depth. The middle shelf was further separated into three distinct communities based on sediment type, sediment organic carbon content and frequency of hypoxia. Variations in water turbulence, sediment grain size, upwelling-related variables and riverine sediment input were identified as the likely primary drivers of macro-infaunal community patterns. This chapter culminated in the development of a biotope classification based on the combination of macro-infaunal communities and their physical habitats (i.e. biotopes). South Africa has developed an expert-derived National Marine and Coastal Habitat (SANMC) Classification System which is used as a biodiversity surrogate in ecosystem assessment and spatial planning. This thesis tested the validity of this classification and the data derived Seascape classification against macro-infauna species abundance and biomass data in an effort to determine how well the different classifications represent macro-infaunal diversity of the west coast. These two classifications were also compared to the Biotope classification which combines macro-infaunal communities with their physical habitats. A canonical analysis of principle coordinates (CAP) was utilised to test the success with which each sample was allocated to the relevant habitat type in each classification. The total allocation success for each classification was used as a measure of effectiveness in terms of representing biodiversity patterns. Both classifications had similar allocation successes of 89-92 percent and 92-94 percent for the Seascape and National Habitat Classification respectively, but either over- or under-classified the macrofauna communities. The Biotope classification had the highest allocation success (98 percent), therefore it is the most accurate reflection of the macrofauna biodiversity patterns on the west coast. A key finding of this study was the increasing accuracy of classifications from physically- to expert- to biologically-derived habitat classifications. In this thesis, the Biotope classification was deemed the best representative of biodiversity patterns and was therefore used to produce the Biotope map for use in spatial assessment and planning. The distinct depth patterns that emerged in both the Seascape and Biotope classifications highlighted the need for further investigation of the relationship between depth and biodiversity. Despite variability in macro-infaunal communities, a general unifying pattern in biodiversity across the shelf was sought. Three relationships between depth and species richness have been described in the literature; namely a unimodal pattern, a positively linear relationship with depth, and no relationship between depth and species richness. These hypotheses were tested on the west coast. Two different species richness metrics were utilised to test the depth-diversity relationship, namely observed species density (spp.0.2m-2) and estimated species richness (spp.site-1). Observed species density increased from the beach to the shelf edge (350 m), then decreased to 412 m. The decline may have been due to difficulty in detecting species at greater depths as a result of sampling challenges. The inclusion of an innovative extrapolative method for estimating species richness (the capture-recapture heterogeneity model) within the Bayesian statistical framework mitigated the effects of species detection heterogeneity and revealed that species richness actually increased continuously across the shelf from beach to shelf edge. Thus the general relationship between depth and species richness is positively linear on the west coast of South Africa The new macro-infauna dataset and biotope map provided the opportunity to develop the first habitat-specific evidence-based conservation targets for unconsolidated sediments of the west coast. Species-Area Relationship (SAR) based conservation targets were developed for the biotopes using a modification of the generally accepted methodology. The accepted methodology has three steps (i) the estimation of total species richness for each habitat using the Bootstrap asymptotic estimator, (ii) the calculation of the slope of the species area curve (i.e. the z-value), and (iii) the calculation of targets representing 80 percent of the species. The inclusion of an innovative extrapolative species richness estimator, the Multi-species Site Occupancy Model (MSOM) provided better species richness estimation than the more conventional bootstrap species richness estimator, even though both are based on species accumulation. The MSOM, applied in the Bayesian statistical framework takes detectability of a species into account.
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Alves, Ana Sofia Rosa Santos. "Use of benthic meiofauna in evaluating marine ecosystems’ health: How useful can free-living marine nematodes be for Ecological Quality Status (EQS) assessment in transitional waters?" Doctoral thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/26920.
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Tese de doutoramento em Biociências, apresentada à Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade de CoimbraMeiobenthos is an important component of estuarine systems since it facilitates biomineralization of organic matter, enhances nutrient regeneration, serves as food for higher trophic levels and exhibits high sensitivity to environmental changes. Recently, the role of meiobenthos and nematodes as indicators of ecological quality and their integration in impact and monitoring studies has been valued, being essential to understand the distribution patterns of these communities. In the scope of the growing awareness of the threat human activities represent to aquatic ecosystems, there has been a development in environmental policies, mainly focused on the ecological quality assessment. Research developed in this thesis had as main objective to enhance the knowledge regarding the ecological status and functioning of estuarine systems, based on the analysis of meiobenthic and free living nematode communities, both from subtidal and intertidal habitats. The Mondego estuary (Portugal) was addressed as case study. In Chapter 1 the analysis of the ecological assessment information regarding macrofauna and nematode communities was performed in order to discern if these communities could provide a similar classification of the system. Along the estuarine gradient both macrofauna and meiofauna communities were simultaneously analyzed. The ecological status of the system was determined by the application of specific indices, with the results pointing towards a different trend regarding the analyzed communities. This comparative study showed that nematode and macrofauna provide different but complementary responses regarding environmental status, which may be explained by different response-tostress times of each benthic community. Both assemblages should be integrated in monitoring studies to grant a more accurate assessment. In Chapter 2 the analysis was focused on the spatial and temporal distribution of meiobenthos and nematode communities, aiming at determining the main structuring factors of their distribution. It was possible to validate the division of the estuarine gradient in different stretches and to verify that, at the analyzed spatial scale (the whole estuary, thus encompassing the entire estuarine Abstract 2 gradient), the effects of temporal variability were not translated in community variations, indicating that natural variability is also superimposed to the anthropogenic pressures present in some areas of the estuary. Building on the results and interpretation of the work presented in Chapter 2, a thorough analysis of the taxonomic and functional structure of the subtidal nematode communities was carried out in Chapter 3, aiming at disentangling how the taxonomic and functional characteristic vary spatially and temporally and if there would be an added benefit in combining these approaches. This study allowed for a characterization of the traits structure of nematodes to be done for the first time for the Mondego estuary. It also allowed refining the interpretation of the estuarine stretches division, emphasizing that the upstream areas present a different community composition, something that is paramount when applying management tools. Additionally, although the Biological Traits Analysis was no more powerful than the traditional taxonomic approach in detecting spatial differences, it highlighted the peculiarity of some areas in terms of their functional structure increasing the knowledge and characterization of nematode communities in the estuary. Finally, in Chapter 4, following an eutrophication mitigation measure applied in the South arm of the Mondego estuary, the response of intertidal meiofauna and nematode communities was assessed. At this small spatial scale (polyhaline stretch), the seasonal effects were superimposed to the spatial ones, not allowing discerning communities from areas where eutrophication symptoms are known to be different. Furthermore, it allowed the recognition of the impact of climatic events over meiobenthic communities. A general discussion is also presented, integrating a synthesis of the thesis contributions to the knowledge on the use of meiobenthos and particularly free living nematodes to assess the ecological status and functioning of estuarine systems, and suggesting future research questions, challenges and paths.
As comunidades de meiofauna e nemátodes têm um papel muito importante nos ecossistemas, estando envolvidas em processos de biomineralização de matéria orgânica, de regeneração de nutrientes, servindo de alimento para níveis tróficos superiores e exibindo uma elevada sensibilidade a perturbações ambientais. Recentemente o seu papel como indicador de qualidade ecológica e a sua integração em estudos de monitorização e impacto ambiental têm sido valorizados, sendo por isso essencial conhecer os padrões de distribuição das comunidades. No contexto da crescente consciência da ameaça que as atividades humanas representam para os ecossistemas aquáticos, tem havido uma evolução nas políticas ambientais para se focarem principalmente na avaliação de qualidade ecológica. O trabalho de investigação desenvolvido nesta tese teve como principal objetivo aumentar o conhecimento do estado ecológico e funcionamento de sistemas estuarinos com base na análise das comunidades de meiofauna e nemátodes de vida livre, tanto em habitats subtidais como intertidais. O estuário do Mondego (Portugal) foi usado como caso de estudo. No Capítulo 1 avaliou-se se as comunidades de macrofauna e nemátodes fornecem informação ecológica semelhante sobre o sistema. Ao longo do estuário do Mondego analisou-se, em simultâneo, comunidades de macroinvertebrados e meiofauna, com especial ênfase em nemátodes. Aplicando índices desenvolvidos para cada comunidade que visam analisar o estado ecológico do sistema, verificouse que a informação fornecida pelas comunidades não seguia a mesma tendência. De facto, este estudo comparativo mostrou que macrofauna e meiofauna podem fornecer informação diferente mas complementar, uma vez que apresentam também diferentes tempos de resposta a perturbações, sendo aconselhado o seu uso complementar em estudos de monitorização. O Capítulo 2 focou-se na análise da distribuição espacial e temporal de meiofauna e nemátodes ao longo do estuário do Mondego, com o objetivo de identificar os principais fatores ambientais relacionados com a sua distribuição. Verificou-se que o gradiente estuarino foi seguido pelas comunidades, não se Resumo 4 verificando, à escala espacial da análise, um efeito da variabilidade temporal sobre as mesmas. Este estudo evidenciou também o efeito da variabilidade natural sobre as pressões antropogénicas presentes no estuário. Com base nos resultados do Capítulo 2, foi feita uma análise das características taxonómicas e funcionais das comunidades de nemátodes no Capítulo 3, aprofundando o seu conhecimento e analisando a sua distribuição espacial e temporal. Com este estudo foi feita uma análise das características (“traits”) de nematódes pela primeira vez para o estuário do Mondego. Foi possível aprimorar a interpretação da divisão em diferentes áreas do estuário, com especial destaque para as áreas a montante, sendo esta informação útil quando se aplicam ferramentas de gestão. Além disso, embora a análise de características biológicas não tenha sido mais poderosa do que a abordagem taxonómica na deteção de diferenças espaciais, evidenciou a peculiaridade de algumas áreas em termos da sua estrutura funcional, aumentando o conhecimento e caracterização das comunidades de nematódes no estuário. Por fim, no Capítulo 4, analisou-se a resposta das comunidades intertidais de meiofauna e nemátodes após a aplicação de uma medida de mitigação no Braço Sul do estuário do Mondego. À pequena escala espacial da análise (área polihalina) os efeitos da sazonalidade foram sentidos, com variações na comunidade, não permitindo distinguir claramente as comunidades de nemátodes ao longo do gradiente de eutrofização. Foi também possível confirmar o impacto de eventos climáticos na estrutura das comunidades. A secção final de discussão geral integra e discute o uso das comunidades meiobentónicas para a avaliação do estado ecológico e funcionamento de sistemas estuarinos. Na sequência dos estudos feitos são também sugeridas novas abordagens e futuros desafios com vista a aumentar o conhecimento científico sobre estas comunidades e sua aplicação.
Books on the topic "Assessment and management of benthic marine ecosystems"
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1932-, Sherman Kenneth, Okemwa E, Ntiba M. J, and Symposium on the Status and Future of Large Marine Ecosystems of the Indian Ocean (1993 : Mombasa, Kenya), eds. Large marine ecosystems of the Indian Ocean: Assessment, sustainability, and management. Malden, MA: Blackwell Science, 1998.
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1932-, Sherman Kenneth, and Tang Qisheng, eds. Large marine ecosystems of the Pacific Rim: Assessment, sustainability, and management. Malden, Mass: Blackwell Science, 1999.
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Herb, Kumpf, Steidinger Karen A, and Sherman Kenneth 1932-, eds. The Gulf of Mexico large marine ecosystem: Assessment, sustainability, and management. Malden, Mass., USA: Blackwell Science, 1999.
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Smith, Stephen V. Response of benthic ecosystems to deep ocean sewage outfalls in Hawaii: A nutrient cycling approach to biological impact assessment and monitoring. Narragansett, RI: U.S Environmental Protection Agency, Environmental Research Laboratory, 1987.
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Monaco, Mark E., Simon Pittman, Alan M. Friedlander, Chris Caldow, Christopher Francis Jeffrey, and Sarah Hile. Coral reef ecosystems of St. John, U.S. Virgin Islands: Spatial and temporal patterns in fish and benthic communities (2001-2009). Edited by National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science (U.S.). Silver Spring, MD: U.S. Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Ocean Service, National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science, 2013.
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Stevenson, David K. Characterization of the fishing practices and marine benthic ecosystems of the northeast U.S. shelf, and an evaluation of the potential effects of fishing on essential fish habitat. Woods Hole, Mass: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine Fisheries Service, Northeast Fisheries Science Center, 2004.
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Large Marine Ecosystems of the Indian Ocean: Assessment, Sustainability and Management. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2009.
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(Editor), Herb Kumpf, Karen A. Steidinger (Editor), and Kenneth Sherman (Editor), eds. The Gulf of Mexico Large Marine Ecosystem: Assessment, Sustainability, and Management (Large Marine Ecosystems). Blackwell Science, 1999.
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Tang, Qisheng. Large Marine Ecosystems of the Pacific Rim: Assessment, Sustainability and Management. Blackwell Publishing, Incorporated, 1999.
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Ntiba, M. J. Large Marine Ecosystems of the Indian Ocean: Assessment, Sustainability and Management. Blackwell Publishing Limited, 1998.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Assessment and management of benthic marine ecosystems"
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Piñeiro-Corbeira, Cristina, Sara Barrientos, Rodolfo Barreiro, Shankar Aswani, José J. Pascual-Fernández, and Raquel De la Cruz-Modino. "Can Local Knowledge of Small-Scale Fishers Be Used to Monitor and Assess Changes in Marine Ecosystems in a European Context?" In Human-Nature Interactions, 299–314. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-01980-7_24.
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Significance StatementIn the last decades, many coastal areas have observed dramatic changes in marine ecosystems, due to anthropogenic and environmental alterations. The general absence of long-term data sets in the marine environment and, more specifically, on benthic and demersal communities represents a severe issue for management and conservation. We propose to incorporate the small-scale fishers’ knowledge and science for better policy recommendations, both in terms of fisheries optimization and resource conservation. Based on two different cases of study with diverse ecosystems, we explore the combination of quantitative and qualitative tools, and participative techniques used to incorporate fishers’ local ecological knowledge. The results highlight fishers’ capacity to identify coastal and marine landscapes resources and changes, reinforcing and complementing the scientific assessment.
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Aguilar, Ricardo, Allison L. Perry, and Javier López. "Conservation and Management of Vulnerable Marine Benthic Ecosystems." In Marine Animal Forests, 1165–207. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-21012-4_34.
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Aguilar, Ricardo, Allison L. Perry, and Javier López. "Conservation and Management of Vulnerable Marine Benthic Ecosystems." In Marine Animal Forests, 1–43. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-17001-5_34-1.
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Langlois, Juliette, Arnaud Hélias, Jean-Philippe Delgenès, and Jean-Philippe Steyer. "Review on Land Use Considerations in Life Cycle Assessment: Methodological Perspectives for Marine Ecosystems." In Towards Life Cycle Sustainability Management, 85–96. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1899-9_9.
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Andrulewicz, Eugeniusz. "DEVELOPING THE D–P–S–I–R FRAMEWORK OF INDICATORS FOR MANAGEMENT OF HUMAN IMPACT ON MARINE ECOSYSTEMS: BALTIC SEA EXAMPLE." In Assessment of the Fate and Effects of Toxic Agents on Water Resources, 225–43. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-5528-7_10.
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Thrush, Simon F., Judi E. Hewitt, Conrad A. Pilditch, and Alf Norkko. "Temporal variations in benthic assemblages and processes." In Ecology of Coastal Marine Sediments, 105–18. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198804765.003.0008.
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Demonstrating changes over time in soft-sediment ecosystems is critical to understanding ecosystem dynamics and predicting how they may change. Monitoring is thus an essential process providing insight into how complex ecological systems change and has important implications in adaptive management, impact assessment and stewardship. The chapter describes how both slow and fast processes operate in soft sediments and drive changes across multiple time scales. The role of time series data in helping to understand detailed short-term studies is discussed. The interactions between space and time have important implications in study design, interpretation and accounting for inconsistency in results. The chapter finishes by discussing two types of temporal change of significant concern these days due to their implications for resilience and ecosystem dynamics: tipping points and hysteresis.
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"Benthic Habitats and the Effects of Fishing." In Benthic Habitats and the Effects of Fishing, edited by Elliott A. Norse. American Fisheries Society, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.47886/9781888569605.ch8.
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<strong><em>Abstract. </em></strong>The recent increase in interest about effects of trawling and dredging on seafloor ecosystems and their fisheries can be understood by examining three phases in the history of conservation thinking. The primary focus in nonmarine conservation thinking and management worldwide is on maintaining biodiversity, while marine managers are still focused mainly on use of marine life. Marine conservation lags behind nonmarine conservation, as shown using key measures of scientific publication, species protection, and ecosystem protection. Because fishing is the human activity that most affects marine biodiversity, marine fisheries biology has a particularly large role in determining the fate of the sea’s biodiversity. Unlike management-oriented nonmarine fields including wildlife biology and forest biology, marine fisheries biology has yet to incorporate key insights from the science of ecology, including the importance of maintaining abundance and diversity of predators and structure-forming species. Growing concern about the loss of structure-forming species, such as corals and sponges, and their role in providing fish habitat cannot be addressed using traditional stock assessment techniques. This creates the need for the evolution of a new marine ecosystem-based management paradigm that incorporates modern understanding of ecology and conservation biology.
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"Managing the Impacts of Human Activities on Fish Habitat: The Governance, Practices, and Science." In Managing the Impacts of Human Activities on Fish Habitat: The Governance, Practices, and Science, edited by Jake C. Rice. American Fisheries Society, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.47886/9781934874417.ch13.
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<em>Abstract.</em>—The landscape for policy and management of fish habitat is changing. The historic focus on evaluating environmental impact assessments for large projects, and issuing (or not) permits for small projects is being supplanted by new expectations for habitat managers and policy makers. Many of these new expectations are rooted in the adoption of an ecosystem approach to management of diverse human activities, including fisheries, in aquatic ecosystems, combined with a growing emphasis on integrated management of those human activities, in turn aided by spatial planning and spatial management approaches in many fields. These new expectations placed on habitat managers and policy makers create the need for expanded support from a new blending of habitat and population sciences. Historically, it may have been sufficient to use science advice based on relative indices of habitat quality and carefully assembled expert opinion as the basis for many tasks in habitat policy and management. Such tools now must be augmented by much more quantitative science advice, to allow for setting operational objectives for managing habitats, assessing the quality and quantity of critical or essential habitat for protected or exploited fish populations, conducting risk assessments of projects and mitigation measures, making siting decisions about marine protected areas and other spatial zoning measures, and many other tasks in which habitat managers and policy makers must participate. Science advice now must be able to quantify the relationships between habitat features and population status and productivity, as well with community properties such as resilience and vulnerability. This advice has to capture the uncertainty in the relationships and data sources, in forms that fit comfortably into risk assessments. Tools for forward projection of the habitat consequences of management options are needed, as are tools for cost-benefit analyses of tradeoffs among different types of habitats for different groups of aquatic species. None of these analytical challenges is beyond the scope of modern statistical and modelling capabilities, and current ecological concepts. Few of them can be met by existing tools and data-bases however. Moreover, many of the conceptual approaches to aquatic habitat management have been imported from terrestrial habitat management. They may have served adequately for management of riverine and marine benthic habitats, but some of the fundamental conceptual starting points are being questioned for marine and lacustrine habitats more generally. The paper brings out both some promising opportunities and some difficult challenges for the science needed to support contemporary habitat management and policy.
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Sherman, Kenneth. "The Large Marine Ecosystem Approach for Assessment and Management of Ocean Coastal Waters." In Sustaining Large Marine Ecosystems - The Human Dimension, 3–16. Elsevier, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1570-0461(05)80025-4.
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Ma, Xiaogang, Stace E. Beaulieu, Linyun Fu, Peter Fox, Massimo Di Stefano, and Patrick West. "Documenting Provenance for Reproducible Marine Ecosystem Assessment in Open Science." In Information Retrieval and Management, 1051–77. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-5191-1.ch045.
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Open Science not only means the openness of various resources involved in a scientific study but also the connections among those resources that demonstrate the origin, or provenance, of a scientific finding or derived dataset. In this chapter, the authors used the PROV Ontology, a community standard for representing and exchanging machine-readable provenance information in the Semantic Web, and extended it for capturing provenance in the IPython Notebook, a software platform that enables transparent workflows. The developed work was used in conjunction with scientists' workflows in the Ecosystem Assessment Program of the U.S. NOAA Northeast Fisheries Science Center. This work provides a pathway towards formal, well-annotated provenance in an electronic notebook. Not only will the use of such technologies and standards facilitate the verifiability and reproducibility of ecosystem assessments, their use will also provide solid support for Open Science at the interface of science and ecosystem management for sustainable marine ecosystems.
Conference papers on the topic "Assessment and management of benthic marine ecosystems"
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Grigorev, Igor. "VALIDATION OF ECOLOGICAL EFFICIENCY ASSESSMENT FOR FOREST MANAGEMENT METHODOLOGY." In 14th SGEM GeoConference on WATER RESOURCES. FOREST, MARINE AND OCEAN ECOSYSTEMS. Stef92 Technology, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2014/b32/s14.069.
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Elobaid, Elnaim, Bruno Welter Giraldes, Hamad Al-Kuwari, Jassim Al-Khayat, Fadhil Sadooni, and Ekhlas Elbary. "Towards Sustainable Management of Coastal and Offshore Islands in Arabian Gulf Typology: Sensitivity Analysis, Ecological Risk Assessment of Halul and Al-Alyia Islands." In Qatar University Annual Research Forum & Exhibition. Qatar University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2021.0035.
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The great majority of marine ecosystems in Qatar are in fast decline and nearing collapse, where most ecosystem has lost the biological and economic functionality. Aiming to support the decision makers in the management and restoration strategies for recovering the biological and economic functionality of the ecosystems/natural resources of Qatar, we conducted 1) a typology mapping of the main components of the ecosystem of two islands, 2) a sensitivity and vulnerability assessment according to the known guidelines and standards. Highlighting the potential ecological risk and required recommendations for sustainable management plans, within the frame of Qatar National Vision 2030 (QNV 2030). The Islands present different anthropogenic pressure. As expected, Al Alyia the coastal Island is under real risk, with critical areas of sensibility but still presenting a potential for recovering its economy and ecological functionality, highlighting the collapsed stage of the very sensitive coral reefs, the vulnerability of oyster beds and seagrass and the functionality of the mangrove (expanding) and Sabha with massive birds nesting. The offshore Island Halul presented in the typology mapping the coral reefs as the main ecosystem but with the presence of seagrass, algae bed, sandy beach, and Sabha. The coral reef still presents a certain functionality, with corals covering several hard substrates, however with high sensitivity and high vulnerability, especially the coral in the shallow areas with scattered colonies, and the vulnerable nesting of marine turtles on beaches. As the management, we recommend increasing the restoration effort of targeted ecosystems, mainly involving coral reefs for increasing the marine biodiversity in general and restoring the oyster beds for recovering the filtration service. Strategies must be made for recovering the ecosystems’ functionality and restore the productivity of the Qatari fishing stock. We recommend applying this mapping method and sensitivity classification for all marine areas around Qatar for supporting the management plans.
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Rubtsova, Svetlana, Svetlana Rubtsova, Natalya Lyamina, Natalya Lyamina, Aleksey Lyamin, and Aleksey Lyamin. "DEVELOPMENT OF SCIENTIFIC FOUNDATION FOR SOLVING ENVIRONMENTAL AND HYDROBIOLOGICAL PROBLEMS OF INTEGRATED COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT." In Managing risks to coastal regions and communities in a changing world. Academus Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.31519/conferencearticle_5b1b941f56b7b3.00964002.
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The work is dedicated to the development of the system of coastal zone environmental assessment, grounding on the principles of integrated approach to the management of resource and environmental safety in the Azov and Black Sea region. The methodological approaches and applied assessments of the quality control analysis of sea water and benthic sediment according to the monitoring data were formed. The methods of the marine environment biomonitoring were offered; its results have a universal basis and can serve both as the index of investigated cenosis structure and its physiological state.
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Rubtsova, Svetlana, Svetlana Rubtsova, Natalya Lyamina, Natalya Lyamina, Aleksey Lyamin, and Aleksey Lyamin. "DEVELOPMENT OF SCIENTIFIC FOUNDATION FOR SOLVING ENVIRONMENTAL AND HYDROBIOLOGICAL PROBLEMS OF INTEGRATED COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT." In Managing risks to coastal regions and communities in a changing world. Academus Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.21610/conferencearticle_58b4315769940.
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The work is dedicated to the development of the system of coastal zone environmental assessment, grounding on the principles of integrated approach to the management of resource and environmental safety in the Azov and Black Sea region. The methodological approaches and applied assessments of the quality control analysis of sea water and benthic sediment according to the monitoring data were formed. The methods of the marine environment biomonitoring were offered; its results have a universal basis and can serve both as the index of investigated cenosis structure and its physiological state.
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Vincent, Mahamadaly, Urbina Bareto Isabel, Fréchon Louis, Pinel Romain, Garnier Rémi, and Deslarzes Kenneth. "Underwater Photogrammetry as an Environmental Assessment Tool to Monitor Coral Reefs and Artificial Structures." In Offshore Technology Conference. OTC, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4043/31025-ms.
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Abstract Over the past decade, photogrammetry has grown considerably thanks to technical advances in digital cameras and computing performance. Popular in terrestrial applications with the development of UAV acquisition, photogrammetry provides access to accurate scene reconstruction, high-resolution measurements, and temporal comparisons with a wide range of geolocated and scaled 2D and 3D supports. Nowadays, photogrammetry represents a particular challenge in the underwater field such as environmental monitoring, marine construction, technical inspection, and archaeology. Our study aims to develop underwater acquisition protocols and new tools for marine resources surveys and management to understand the role of 3D characteristics in both coral reefs and artificial structures. Two specific protocols were designed and optimized to reconstruct from coral colonies to coral reefs and artificial structures (up to 500m²) with a mean resolution of 0.05cm/pixel. Here several quantitative descriptors based on 2D and 3D metrics (such as slope, length, surface, volume, rugosity) were calculated for morphological studies and temporal comparisons. The photogrammetric technique now offers higher quality and accuracy tools compared to traditional survey methods. These advantages make possible to access to new scientific surveys of underwater ecosystems and as environmental management tools may prove to be valuable for future.
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Rubtsova, Svetlana, Svetlana Rubtsova, Natalya Lyamina, Natalya Lyamina, Aleksey Lyamin, and Aleksey Lyamin. "ANALYSIS OF THE FUNCTIONING OF MARINE ECOSYSTEMS ON CHANGING THE PARAMETERS OF THE BIOLUMINESCENCE FIELD ON THE CRIMEAN BLACK SEA SHELF." In Managing risks to coastal regions and communities in a changing world. Academus Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.31519/conferencearticle_5b1b9387ec5c97.58539127.
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The concept of a new approach to environmental assessment is offered in the system of integrated management of the resource and environmental safety of the coastal area of the Black Sea. The studies of the season and daily changeability in the bioluminescence field in the Sevastopol coastal waters has been conducted. For the first time considerable differences in the bioluminescence field seasonal changes in the surface and deep water layers and the reasons conditioning this phenomenon have been shown, using a method of multidimensional statistical analysis. The bioluminescence field vertical profile change in the Black sea coastal waters in the autumn period at night has been studied. It has been shown that according to the character of bioluminescence parameters dynamics a water column can be divided into layers: upper (0 – 35 m) and deep water (36 – 60 m). It has been revealed that life rhythms of the plankton community are the main reason for the bioluminescence field intensity variability. It has been revealed that 14-hour periodicity of the bioluminescence field is related to the changes in light and its variations with 2,5…4,5 hours are conditioned by planktonts endogenous daily rhythms. And here biotic factors effect mostly periodicity of the bioluminescence field intensity increase and fall down at the dark time of the day. Abiotic factors are of less importance in circadian rhythmic of the bioluminescence field in the neritic zone.
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Rubtsova, Svetlana, Svetlana Rubtsova, Natalya Lyamina, Natalya Lyamina, Aleksey Lyamin, and Aleksey Lyamin. "ANALYSIS OF THE FUNCTIONING OF MARINE ECOSYSTEMS ON CHANGING THE PARAMETERS OF THE BIOLUMINESCENCE FIELD ON THE CRIMEAN BLACK SEA SHELF." In Managing risks to coastal regions and communities in a changing world. Academus Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.21610/conferencearticle_58b43168bfc21.
Full textAbstract:
The concept of a new approach to environmental assessment is offered in the system of integrated management of the resource and environmental safety of the coastal area of the Black Sea. The studies of the season and daily changeability in the bioluminescence field in the Sevastopol coastal waters has been conducted. For the first time considerable differences in the bioluminescence field seasonal changes in the surface and deep water layers and the reasons conditioning this phenomenon have been shown, using a method of multidimensional statistical analysis. The bioluminescence field vertical profile change in the Black sea coastal waters in the autumn period at night has been studied. It has been shown that according to the character of bioluminescence parameters dynamics a water column can be divided into layers: upper (0 – 35 m) and deep water (36 – 60 m). It has been revealed that life rhythms of the plankton community are the main reason for the bioluminescence field intensity variability. It has been revealed that 14-hour periodicity of the bioluminescence field is related to the changes in light and its variations with 2,5…4,5 hours are conditioned by planktonts endogenous daily rhythms. And here biotic factors effect mostly periodicity of the bioluminescence field intensity increase and fall down at the dark time of the day. Abiotic factors are of less importance in circadian rhythmic of the bioluminescence field in the neritic zone.