Academic literature on the topic 'ASSESSING SEVERITY'

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Journal articles on the topic "ASSESSING SEVERITY"

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Bain, P. G., L. J. Findley, P. Atchison, M. Behari, M. Vidailhet, M. Gresty, J. C. Rothwell, P. D. Thompson, and C. D. Marsden. "Assessing tremor severity." Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry 56, no. 8 (August 1, 1993): 868–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jnnp.56.8.868.

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Honey, Laura. "Assessing and grading BOAS severity." In Practice 43, no. 10 (December 2021): 547. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/inpr.148.

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Halpin, David M. G. "Assessing the severity of COPD." Primary Care Respiratory Journal 15, no. 2 (April 1, 2006): 78–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pcrj.2005.12.005.

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Yi, Qing, Jinming Zhang, and Hua-Hua Chang. "Assessing CAT Test Security Severity." Applied Psychological Measurement 30, no. 1 (January 2006): 62–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0146621605280354.

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Teunisse, Saskia. "Assessing the Severity of Dementia." Archives of Neurology 48, no. 3 (March 1, 1991): 274. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archneur.1991.00530150042015.

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Cakal, Ergun. "Assessing (and Making Sense of) Severity." Nordic Journal of International Law 91, no. 2 (May 9, 2022): 284–309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718107-91020003.

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Abstract The element of severity remains core to the definition and interpretation of torture under international law. It has long represented a source of confusion and obfuscation for the legally-oriented anti-torture professional, whether academic, advocate or adjudicator. Its character as decisive differentiator, setting torture apart from cruelty, inhumanity and degradation, remains problematically entrenched and contested. It is a legal construct not finding its origins in the scholarship on pain, and evades precise measurement – as pain is socio-culturally constructed, relative and subjective. Accepting the prevailing complexity and addressing the perennial ambiguity, this article aims to offer some clarifications towards conceptualising and contextualising, and thereby better specifying and applying, torture’s core.
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Odemuyiwa, O., and R. J. Hall. "Assessing the severity of valve stenosis." Heart 55, no. 2 (February 1, 1986): 117–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/hrt.55.2.117.

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Annibale, Bruno, and Edith Lahner. "Assessing the severity of atrophic gastritis." European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology 19, no. 12 (December 2007): 1059–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/meg.0b013e3282f198c2.

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Mansfield, Caroline S., Boyd R. Jones, and T. Spillman. "Assessing the severity of canine pancreatitis." Research in Veterinary Science 74, no. 2 (April 2003): 137–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0034-5288(02)00181-9.

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Cairns, J. A., and K. M. Johnston. "Assessing the severity of depressive illness." Journal of Clinical Psychology 48, no. 4 (July 1992): 455–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1097-4679(199207)48:4<455::aid-jclp2270480405>3.0.co;2-z.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "ASSESSING SEVERITY"

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Marzo-Ortega, Helena. "Assessing disease severity and prediction of outcome in spondyloarthropathy: An MRI and clinical approach." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.487740.

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The purpose of this thesis was to test the hypothesis that bone marrow oedema (BMO) lesions as shown on MRI in the axial and appendicular skeleton in the spondyloarthropathies (SpA) have diagnostic and prognostic implications in this group of diseases.
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Yang, Che-Ming. "The use of hospital administrative data is assessing the severity of illness of inpatients." Available to US Hopkins community, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/dissertations/dlnow/3080800.

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Gottlieb, Katherine A. "Assessing Risk in Adolescent Offenders: A Comparison of Risk Profiles versus Summed Risk Factors." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2013. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/1739.

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Research supports interventions for high-risk juvenile offenders to reduce recidivism. Methods for assessing delinquent risk vary, however. Aggregate risk scores (i.e. number of risk factors) and specific risk profiles (i.e. types of risk factors) are both empirically supported techniques. This study compared aggregate scores versus profiles for predicting measures of criminal severity among detained adolescents (n=292). Twenty-four risk factors from the Structured Assessment of Violence Risk in Youth (SAVRY) were summed to calculate aggregate scores. Using latent class analysis (LCA), profiles were identified based on scores from the following theoretically important SAVRY risk factors: Risk Taking/Impulsivity, Anger Management Problems, Low Empathy/Remorse (CU traits), and Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Difficulties. LCA identified one low-risk profile, plus two high-risk profiles differentiated by levels of CU traits. Aggregate scores significantly predicted four out of six criminal severity indicators, while profiles failed to predict any measures. Results support aggregate scores over profiles for assessing delinquent severity.
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Collins, Patrick William Hugh. "Assessing the severity of lower limb ischaemia and the thrombo-inflammatory response to surgery and exercise in peripheral arterial disease." Thesis, Available from the University of Aberdeen Library and Historic Collections Digital Resources. Restricted contains 3rd party material and therefore cannot be made available electronically until Jan. 1, 2012, 2008. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?application=DIGITOOL-3&owner=resourcediscovery&custom_att_2=simple_viewer&pid=53369.

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Thesis (M.D.)--Aberdeen University, 2008.
With: Surgical revascularisation in patients with severe limb ischaemia induces a pro-thrombotic state / P. Collins ... et al. Platelets. 2006: 17(5), 311-317. With: A preliminary study on the effects of exercising to a maximum walking distance on platelet and endothelial function in patients with intermittent claudication / P. Collins ... et. Eur. J. Vasc. Endovasc. Surg. 2006: 31, 266-273. Includes bibliographical references.
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JALAN, ADITYA HRIDAY. "ASSESSING SEVERITY OF SOFTWARE DEFECT REPORTS USING MACHINE LEARNING TECHNIQUES." Thesis, 2014. http://dspace.dtu.ac.in:8080/jspui/handle/repository/15606.

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As per the software development, software testing is one of the most important phases of software life cycle. And similarly, a defect report is a key document which is required for software testing. We need to maintain testing reports and defect reports to keep track of the behaviour of software, whether it is going on as desired or we need to make changes in the undergoing software development. But as the software complexity increases, the number of defects also increases. Our prime focus then relies on looking for the defects and classifying them on the basis of severity. Severity assessment is of prime focus for test engineers. Actually, most of the defect reports generated by almost any kind of software tool generate a log report. Such log reports contain description of the defects encountered. It is difficult to scan each and every line and find out the severity of the defects. So, there is a need for a system that scans various log reports and classifies it in various categories as low, medium, high on the basis of keywords encountered in the defect report. The main idea behind this paper can be broadly classified in two heads, text classification and machine learning techniques. As a subject, we have chosen the NASA’s Project and Issue Tracking System (PITS) dataset and TOMCAT dataset. Various text classification techniques have been applied to extract raw data from the log report. Then, we have applied machine learning techniques over it to get the severity report. To validate the result, k-fold cross validation method is applied over data in different machine learning techniques. The machine learning technique used here is Multilayer Perceptron and statistical method used is Multinominal Logistic Regression. It has been observed that MLP method has given better results in all of the cases as compared to MLR method.
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Liu, Liang-In, and 劉亮吟. "The Clinical Observations of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Assessing the Severity of Medical Critical Patients." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/03360724586262078156.

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碩士
長庚大學
傳統中國醫學研究所
94
The patterns of block and desertion or yin and yang were used to identify the stroke patients with conscious disturbance or shock in traditional Chinese medicine. The block-desertion-yin-yang pattern identification, including block-desertion and yin-yang of brain, is used in the brain illness with conscious disturbance e.g. stroke. The whole yin-yang pattern identification is used in the systemic disease e.g. shock. The severity scores of the block-desertion patterns from small to large and prognoses from good to poor are block, block-desertion mixed, and desertion pattern in stroke patients with conscious disturbance. The block-desertion patterns are more relevant with the neurological system. The significant severity scores of the block-desertion-yin-yang patterns from small to large and prognoses from good to poor are yang block, block-desertion mixed, and yin type of desertion pattern. The survival rates of whole yin-yang patterns in the shock patients from high to low are yang, yin-yang mixed, and yin pattern which are compatible with the severity scores of APACHE II and APACHE III. The mean survival times in the shock patients from long to short are yin-yang mixed, yang, and yin pattern which are compatible with the LOD scores. The main difference is between the yang and yin pattern. There are correlations among the prognoses, whole yin-yang pattern identification, and the kidney system.
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Rivis, Victoria. "Feasibility and Severity Issues in Assessing Risk of Intimate Partner Violence in a Correctional Population." Thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/131282.

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This item is only available electronically.
Domestic violence or intimate partner violence (IPV) is well known to be a significant issue that impacts the psychological, physical, economic and social wellbeing of survivors. The Ontario Domestic Assault Risk Assessment (ODARA) is a risk assessment tool designed to assess the likelihood of reoffending in men who assault their female partners. The ODARA was validated in Canada as an assessment to be used by frontline police, and therefore has had minimal investigation in Australia or in correctional settings. Further, the tool has had minimal analysis of its relationship with the severity aspect of risk assessment. The present study includes 291 South Australian IPV offenders who had an ODARA completed for them. This study uses retrospective data in order to analyse the feasibility of using the ODARA in a South Australian correctional setting, as well as its ability to account for severity. The results cast doubt on the feasibility of using the ODARA within the South Australian correctional setting as there were significant patterns of missing data and poor internal consistency. A series of regression analyses also confirmed that the severity indicators were poorly accounted for by the ODARA. Improved practices in collecting and storing data within DCS may improve the feasibility of the tool. Further research could look into the inclusion of items that are significantly related to severity in order to improve the ODARA’s ability to assess for severe indicators of IPV.
Thesis (B.PsychSc(Hons)) -- University of Adelaide, School of Psychology, 2020
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Tsao, Tsung-Cheng, and 曹琮琤. "Clinical Usefulness of Urinary Fatty Acid Binding Proteins in Assessing the Severity and Predicting Treatment Response of Pneumonia in Critically Ill Patients:A Cross-Sectional Study." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/j7shg8.

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碩士
國立陽明大學
急重症醫學研究所
105
Purpose: To investigate the clinical relevance of urinary fatty acid binding proteins (FABPs), including intestinal-FABP, adipocyte-FABP, liver-FABP and heart-FABP in pneumonia patients required admission to respiratory intensive care unit (RICU). Patients and Methods: Consecutive pneumonia patients who admitted to RICU from September 2013 to October 2014 were enrolled except for those with pneumonia for more than 24 hours before admission to RICU. Pneumonia patients were further divided into with and without septic shock subgroups. Twelve patients without infection were enrolled to serve as control group. Urine samples were collected on day 1 and day 7 after admission to RICU for measuring FABPs and inflammatory cytokines. Clinical and laboratory data were collected and compared between pneumonia and control groups, and between the pneumonia patients with and without septic shock. Results: There were no significant differences in urinary levels of various FABPs and inflammatory cytokines measured on day 1 between control and pneumonia groups. Urinary values of intestine-FABP (P=0.020), adipocyte-FABP (p=0.005), heart-FABP (p=0.025) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) (p=0.019) were significantly higher and arterial oxygen tension/fraction of inspired oxygen (PaO2/FiO2, P/F) ratio (p=0.024) was significantly lower in pneumonia patients with septic shock on day 1 than in those without septic shock. After multivariate analysis, adipocyte-FABP was the independent factor (p = 026). Urinary levels of FABPs measured on day 7 of pneumonia patients were significantly lower in the improved than in non-improved groups (p=0.030 for intestine-FABP, p=0.003 for adipocyte-FABP, p=0.010 for heart-FABP and p=0.008 for liver-FABP, respectively). After multivariate analysis, adipocyte-FABP was the independent factor (p=0.023). Conclusions: For pneumonia patients required admission to RICU, urinary levels of adipocyte-FABP on days 1 and 7 after admission to RICU may be valuable in assessing the pneumonia severity and in predicting treatment response, respectively. Further studies with larger populations are needed to verify these issues.
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Books on the topic "ASSESSING SEVERITY"

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Barclay, R. J. Disturbance index method for assessing severity of procedures on rodents. Wheathampstead, Herts: Universities Federation for Animal Welfare, 1988.

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Dombrowski, Stefan C., Karen L. Gischlar, and Martin Mrazik. Assessing and Treating Low Incidence/High Severity Psychological Disorders of Childhood. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9970-2.

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L, Gischlar Karen, and Mrazik Martin, eds. Assessing and treating low incidence/high severity psychological disorders of childhood. New York: Springer, 2011.

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Achkasov, Evgeniy, Yuriy Vinnik, and Svetlana Dunaevskaya. Immunopathogenesis of acute pancreatitis. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1089245.

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The monograph devoted to the study of the role of the immune system in the development and progression of acute pancreatitis consistently covers the issues of etiology, classification, diagnosis and modern treatment principles. Special attention is paid to the issues of non-specific immune protection, indicators of immune status, types of generation of reactive oxygen species in macrophage-granulocyte cells depending on the severity of acute pancreatitis. The section for assessing the structural and functional state of lymphocytes in the development of acute pancreatitis by evaluating the blebbing of the plasma membrane of the cell is presented. It is intended for General surgeons, anesthesiologists, resuscitators, residents who are trained in the specialty "Surgery". It can be useful for doctors of other specialties and senior students of higher medical schools.
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Dorfan, Nicole M., and Sheila R. Woody. Assessing OCD Symptoms and Severity. Edited by Gail Steketee. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195376210.013.0051.

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This chapter describes methods and tools for assessing obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD). The chapter outlines the purposes of assessment and discusses special challenges presented by OCD, such as shame associated with socially unacceptable obsessional content. Several types of assessment tools are discussed, including structured diagnostic interviews, semistructured clinician interviews to assess OCD symptom profile and severity, self-report instruments, behavioral assessment and self-monitoring, assessment of appraisals and beliefs relevant to OCD, and functional impairment. The importance of linking assessment findings to an evidence-based treatment plan is discussed.
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Bain, G. Peter, and Leslie J. Findley. Assessing Tremor Severity (Standards in Neurology). Smith-Gordon & Co Ltd, 1993.

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Gischlar, Karen L., Martin Mrazik, and Stefan C. Dombrowski. Assessing and Treating Low Incidence/High Severity Psychological Disorders of Childhood. Springer, 2011.

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Hart, Graeme K., and David Pilcher. Severity of illness scoring systems. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199600830.003.0029.

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Clinical outcome comparisons for research and quality assurance require risk adjustment measures validated in the population of interest. There are many scoring systems using intensive care unit (ICU)-specific or administrative data sets, or both. Risk-adjusted ICU and hospital mortality outcome measures may be not granular enough or may be censored before the absolute risk of the studied outcome reaches that of the population at large. Data linkage methods may be used to examine longer-term outcomes. Organ failure scores provide a method for assessing the intra-episode time course of illness and scores using treatment variables may be useful for assessing care requirements. Each adjustment system has specific merits and limitations, which must be understood for appropriate use. Graphical representations of the comparisons facilitate understanding and time-appropriate response to variations in outcome. There are, as yet, no universally-accepted measures for severity of illness and risk adjustment in deteriorating patients outside the ICU.
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Herbert, W. J., T. B. Poole, and R. J. Barclay. Disturbance Index Method for Assessing Severity of Procedures on Rodents (Ufaw Animal Welfare Research Report). Hyperion Books, 1999.

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Leach, Dr Richard, Professor Derek Bell, and Professor Kevin Moore. Introduction to acute medicine. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199565979.003.0001.

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Chapter 1 provides an introduction to acute medicine, and discusses aspects relevant to the initial, acute management phase, including recognizing and assessing the acutely unwell patient, organization of acute medical admission wards, admission and discharge guidelines, general supportive care, severity of illness scoring systems, the hypotensive patient and shock, the blue and breathless (cyanosed) patient, the oliguric patient, the confused/disorientated/‘obtunded’ patient, and the ongoing management of acutely ill patient.
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Book chapters on the topic "ASSESSING SEVERITY"

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Munoz-Gama, Jorge. "Assessing Severity." In Conformance Checking and Diagnosis in Process Mining, 75–84. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-49451-7_8.

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Lewandowski, Lawrence J., Benjamin J. Lovett, and Michael Gordon. "Measurement of Symptom Severity and Impairment." In Assessing Impairment, 229–45. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-7996-4_11.

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Lewandowski, Lawrence J., Benjamin J. Lovett, and Michael Gordon. "Measurement of Symptom Severity and Impairment." In Assessing Impairment, 5–14. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-87542-2_2.

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Lewandowski, Lawrence J., Benjamin J. Lovett, and Michael Gordon. "Measurement of Symptom Severity and Impairment." In Assessing Impairment, 5–14. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-387-87542-2_2.

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Vuille-Lessard, Élise, Ahmed Y. Elmahdy, and Annalisa Berzigotti. "Assessing Disease Severity and Prognosis." In Elastography of the Liver and Beyond, 173–90. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-74132-7_12.

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Kuriakose, Jeril, V. Amruth, R. Jaya Krishna, and Devesh Kumar Srivastava. "Assessing the Severity of Attacks in Wireless Networks." In Proceedings of the International Conference on Recent Cognizance in Wireless Communication & Image Processing, 627–34. New Delhi: Springer India, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-2638-3_70.

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Valet, Fabien, Khaled Ezzedine, Denis Malvy, Jean-Yves Mary, and Christiane Guinot. "Assessing Quality of Ordinal Scales Depicting Skin Aging Severity." In Textbook of Aging Skin, 921–28. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-89656-2_87.

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Bibyan, Ritu, Sameer Anand, and Ajay Jaiswal. "Assessing the Severity of Software Bug Using Neural Network." In Strategic System Assurance and Business Analytics, 491–502. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-3647-2_35.

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Bevilacqua, Vitoantonio, Antonio Emmanuele Uva, Michele Fiorentino, Gianpaolo Francesco Trotta, Maurizio Dimatteo, Enrico Nasca, Attilio Nicola Nocera, et al. "A Comprehensive Method for Assessing the Blepharospasm Cases Severity." In Communications in Computer and Information Science, 369–81. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-4859-3_33.

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Valet, Fabien, Khaled Ezzedine, Denis Malvy, Jean-Yves Mary, and Christiane Guinot. "Assessing Quality of Ordinal Scales Depicting Skin Aging Severity." In Textbook of Aging Skin, 1569–77. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-47398-6_87.

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Conference papers on the topic "ASSESSING SEVERITY"

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Pereira, Jorge, João Monteiro, Jacinto Estima, and Bruno Martins. "Assessing flood severity from georeferenced photos." In GIR'19: 13th Workshop on Geographic Information Retrieval. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3371140.3371145.

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Veraverbeke, S., S. Lhermitte, W. Verstraeten, and R. Goossens. "Assessing burn severity using satellite time series." In FOREST FIRES 2010. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/fiva100101.

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Guiterrez, Valentin, Antonio Gines, and Gildas Leger. "AMS-RF test quality: Assessing defect severity." In 2018 IEEE 24th International Symposium on On-Line Testing And Robust System Design (IOLTS). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iolts.2018.8474109.

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Otamendi, F. Javier, and Jose Ramon Gonzalez De Vega. "Assessing The Severity Of Recreational Boating Accidents." In 27th Conference on Modelling and Simulation. ECMS, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.7148/2013-0269.

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Anzueto, Antonio R., Peter M. A. Calverley, Robert A. Wise, Achim Mueller, Norbert Metzdorf, and Daniel Dusser. "Assessing COPD profiles and outcomes by dyspnoea severity." In ERS International Congress 2016 abstracts. European Respiratory Society, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2016.pa4057.

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Vargas, Luis, Ami Arbel, and Amos Guiora. "ASSESSING THREAT SCENARIOS: SEVERITY, MITIGATION, CAPABILITY AND RESPONSE." In The International Symposium on the Analytic Hierarchy Process. Creative Decisions Foundation, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.13033/isahp.y2011.069.

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DeMino, Alicia, and General Dynamics. "Assessing Dysarthria severity using global statistics and boosting." In 2011 45th Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems and Computers. IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/acssc.2011.6190184.

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Taweerojkulsri, Chawis, and Yachai Limpiyakorn. "Learning Model for Assessing Loss Severity of Operational Risk." In 2014 International Conference on Information Science and Applications (ICISA). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icisa.2014.6847421.

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Lusuardi, Luca, Alberto Rumi, Gabriele Neretti, Paolo Seri, and Andrea Cavallini. "Assessing the severity of partial discharges in aerospace applications." In 2019 IEEE Conference on Electrical Insulation and Dielectric Phenomena (CEIDP). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ceidp47102.2019.9009970.

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Richard, Ruddy, Aurélien Mulliez, Ludivine Boudieu, Julianne Touron, Frédéric Costes, Tanja Taivassalo, Jean Bourbeau, Wan Tan, Dennis Jensen, and Helene Perrault. "Assessing cardiocirculatory compensation capacity in COPD: impact of disease severity." In ERS International Congress 2020 abstracts. European Respiratory Society, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2020.3768.

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Reports on the topic "ASSESSING SEVERITY"

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Leis and Zhu. PR-003-103603-R01 Assessing Corrosion Severity for High-Strength Steels. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), August 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010821.

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This project was directed at isolating the effects of the metal-loss geometry and the properties of the steels, as the basis to quantify the effects of the metal loss geometry and to seamlessly consolidate the databases and integrate severity criteria for the vintage and higher-strength grades, to make corrosion management seamless across grade.
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Kennedy, Michael H. Use of Severity of Illness Indexes for Assessing Health Care Provider Performance. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada210090.

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Matthews, Stephen N., Louis Iverson, Matthew Peters, and Anantha Prasad. Assessing potential climate change pressures across the conterminous United States. United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service, March 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2018.6941248.ch.

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The maps and tables presented here represent potential variability of projected climate change across the conterminous United States during three 30-year periods in this century and emphasizes the importance of evaluating multiple signals of change across large spatial domains. Maps of growing degree days, plant hardiness zones, heat zones, and cumulative drought severity depict the potential for markedly shifting conditions and highlight regions where changes may be multifaceted across these metrics. In addition to the maps, the potential change in these climate variables are summarized in tables according to the seven regions of the fourth National Climate Assessment to provide additional regional context. Viewing these data collectively further emphasizes the potential for novel climatic space under future projections of climate change and signals the wide disparity in these conditions based on relatively near-term human decisions of curtailing (or not) greenhouse gas emissions.
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Beavers. L51884 Assessing the Remaining Strength of Corrosion Defects in Low Toughness Linepipe Materials. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), April 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010373.

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One of the principal causes of failures of transmission pipelines is volumetric metal loss due to corrosion. Various methods such as ASME B31.G, RSTRENG and the LPC methods have been developed to assess the severity of corrosion defects. The methods have developed to the extent that they are recognized by standardization bodies and regulators. However, all the methods have been developed and validated on high toughness materials. There is a concern that these methods may give non-conservative results if they are used for low toughness materials. If this is the case, guidance is required on the limits of applicability of the current methods, and new methods are required for application to low toughness materials. To investigate these issues, contractor objectives and scope were: To test a range of representative defects in low toughness linepipe; to assess the failure mode of these defects; to determine if current assessment methods can be applied to low toughness materials; and to identify the factors influencing the failure of corrosion defects in low toughness line pipe.
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Köck, Patrick, Arndt-Lukas Klaassen, M. Meyer, J. Kindler, and M. Kaess. Cannabinoids as therapeutics in child and adolescent psychiatry. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, March 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2023.3.0017.

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Review question / Objective: P = Children and adolescents with psychiatric disorders; I = Cannabinoids as therapeutic product / medication; C = if randomised controlled trial, placebo; O = Evaluation of psychiatric symptoms (BDI for depression, symptom severity scales in case of ADHD or Autism Spectrum Disorders); S = Randomized controlled trials, controlled trials, case studies. Rationale: Cannabinoids especially THC and CBD have gained increasing scientific interest. Various studies have been published assessing the therapeutic applications of cannabinoids in psychiatry. Several systematic reviews have been published for application of cannabinoids in psychiatry for adults, however there is no recent systematic review assessing applications for child and adolescent psychiatry.
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Matthews, Stephen N., Louis R. Iverson, Matthew P. Peters, and Anantha Prasad. Assessing potential climate change pressures across the conterminous United States: mapping plant hardiness zones, heat zones, growing degree days, and cumulative drought severity throughout this century. Newtown Square, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Research Station, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/nrs-rmap-9.

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7

Kiefner and Leewis. L52314 Pipeline Defect Assessment - A Review and Comparison of Commonly Used Methods. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), May 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010440.

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There is a need in the industry in assessing the severity of a particular anomaly (dent, gouge, corrosion pit, etc.) in a pipe as to whether or not repair or removal is warranted. Along with the determination of repair there is also a need for prioritizing in-line-inspection (ILI) data, and for making remaining-life assessments of said pipe. This document catalogs analysis methods and computational tools for addressing defects and damage discovered on in-service pipelines. It includes example calculations where closed-form algorithms are available in the public domain. It lists and describes solution techniques not available in the public domain, and it provides information so that users can either acquire the relevant software or pursue assistance regarding a particular defect assessment technique.
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Li, Xiao, Fayang Ling, Wenchuan Qi, Sanmei Xu, Bingzun Yin, Zihan Yin, Qianhua Zheng, Xiang Li, and Fanrong Liang. Preclinical Evidence of Acupuncture on infarction size of Myocardial ischemia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Animal Studies. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, June 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.6.0044.

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Review question / Objective: Whether acupuncture is effective for infarction size on myocardial ischemia rat models. Condition being studied: Myocardial ischemia is a typical pathological condition of coronary heart disease (CHD), which has been a global issue with high incidence and mortality. Myocardial infarction caused by myocardial ischemia leads to cardiac dysfunction, and the size of myocardial infarction also determines the recovery and prognosis of cardiac function. Acupuncture, a long history of traditional Chinese medicine, is widely used to treat symptoms like thoracalgia and palpitation. Many researches based on rat experiments have shown that acupuncture affects infarction size, cardiac function, myocardial enzyme or arrhythmias severity on myocardial ischemia models; nevertheless, few literatures have systematically reviewed these studies, assessing the risk of bias, quality of evidence, validity of results, and summarizing potential mechanisms. A systematic review of animal studies can benefit future experimental designs, promote the conduct and report of basic researches and provide some guidance to translate the achievements of basic researches to clinical application in acupuncture for myocardial ischemia. Therefore, we will conduct this systematic review and meta analysis to evaluate effects of acupuncture on infarction size on myocardial ischemia rat models.
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Chou, Roger, Jesse Wagner, Azrah Y. Ahmed, Benjamin J. Morasco, Devan Kansagara, Shelley Selph, Rebecca Holmes, and Rongwei Fu. Living Systematic Review on Cannabis and Other Plant-Based Treatments for iii Chronic Pain: 2022 Update. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepccer250update2022.

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Objectives. To update the evidence on benefits and harms of cannabinoids and similar plant-based compounds to treat chronic pain using a living systematic review approach. Data sources. Ovid® MEDLINE®, PsycINFO®, Embase®, the Cochrane Library, and SCOPUS® databases; reference lists of included studies; and submissions received after Federal Register request were searched to April 4, 2022. Review methods. Using dual review, we screened search results for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies of patients with chronic pain evaluating cannabis, kratom, and similar compounds with any comparison group and at least 1 month of treatment or followup. Dual review was used to abstract study data, assess study-level risk of bias, and rate the strength of evidence (SOE). Prioritized outcomes included pain, overall function, and adverse events. We grouped studies that assessed tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and/or cannabidiol (CBD) based on their THC to CBD ratio and categorized them as comparable THC to CBD ratio, high-THC to CBD ratio, and low-THC to CBD ratio. We also grouped studies by whether the product was a whole-plant product (cannabis), cannabinoids extracted or purified from a whole plant, or a synthetic product. We conducted meta-analyses using the profile likelihood random effects model and assessed between-study heterogeneity using Cochran’s Q statistic chi square test and the I2 statistic. Magnitude of benefit was categorized as no effect or small, moderate, and large effects. Results. From 3,283 abstracts, 21 RCTs (N=1,905) and 8 observational studies (N=13,769) assessing different cannabinoids were included; none evaluated kratom. Studies were primarily short term, and 59 percent enrolled patients with neuropathic pain. Comparators were primarily placebo or usual care. The SOE was low unless otherwise noted. Compared with placebo, comparable THC to CBD ratio oral spray was associated with a small benefit in change in pain severity (7 RCTs, N=632, 0 to10 scale, mean difference [MD] −0.54, 95% confidence interval [CI] −0.95 to −0.19, I2=39%; SOE: moderate) and overall function (6 RCTs, N=616, 0 to 10 scale, MD −0.42, 95% CI −0.73 to −0.16, I2=32%). There was no effect on study withdrawals due to adverse events. There was a large increased risk of dizziness and sedation, and a moderate increased risk of nausea (dizziness: 6 RCTs, N=866, 31.0% vs. 8.0%, relative risk [RR] 3.57, 95% CI 2.42 to 5.60, I2=0%; sedation: 6 RCTs, N=866, 8.0% vs. 1.2%, RR 5.04, 95% CI 2.10 to 11.89, I2=0%; and nausea: 6 RCTs, N=866, 13% vs. 7.5%, RR 1.79, 95% CI 1.19 to 2.77, I2=0%). Synthetic products with high-THC to CBD ratios were associated with a moderate improvement in pain severity, a moderate increase in sedation, and a large increase in nausea (pain: 6 RCTs, N=390, 0 to 10 scale, MD −1.15, 95% CI −1.99 to −0.54, I2=48%; sedation: 3 RCTs, N=335, 19% vs. 10%, RR 1.73, 95% CI 1.03 to 4.63, I2=28%; nausea: 2 RCTs, N=302, 12.3% vs. 6.1%, RR 2.19, 95% CI 0.77 to 5.39; I²=0%). We also found moderate SOE for a large increased risk of dizziness (2 RCTs, 32% vs. 11%, RR 2.74, 95% CI 1.47 to 6.86, I2=40%). Extracted whole-plant products with high-THC to CBD ratios (oral) were associated with a large increased risk of study withdrawal due to adverse events (1 RCT, 13.9% vs. 5.7%, RR 3.12, 95% CI 1.54 to 6.33) and dizziness (1 RCT, 62.2% vs. 7.5%, RR 8.34, 95% CI 4.53 to 15.34); outcomes assessing benefit were not reported or insufficient. We observed a moderate improvement in pain severity when combining all studies of high-THC to CBD ratio (8 RCTs, N=684, MD −1.25, 95% CI −2.09 to −0.71, I2=58%; SOE: moderate). Evidence (including observational studies) on whole-plant cannabis, topical or oral CBD, low-THC to CBD, other cannabinoids, comparisons with active products or between cannabis-related products, and impact on use of opioids was insufficient to draw conclusions. Other important harms (psychosis, cannabis use disorder, and cognitive effects) were not reported. Conclusions. Low to moderate strength evidence suggests small to moderate improvements in pain (mostly neuropathic), and moderate to large increases in common adverse events (dizziness, sedation, nausea) with high- and comparable THC to CBD ratio extracted cannabinoids and synthetic products during short-term treatment (1 to 6 months); high-THC to CBD ratio products were also associated with increased risk of withdrawal due to adverse events. Evidence for whole-plant cannabis and other comparisons, outcomes, and plant-based compounds was unavailable or insufficient to draw conclusions. Small sample sizes, lack of evidence for moderate and long-term use and other key outcomes, such as other adverse events and impact on use of opioids during treatment, indicate that more research is needed.
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10

Chou, Roger, Azrah Y. Ahmed, Christina Bougatsos, Benjamin J. Morasco, Rebecca Holmes, Terran Gilbreath, and Rongwei Fu. Living Systematic Review on Cannabis and Other Plant-Based Treatments for Chronic Pain: 2022 Update—Surveillance Report 2. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), January 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepccer250.2022updatesr2.

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Objectives. To update the evidence on benefits and harms of cannabinoids and similar plant-based compounds to treat chronic pain using a living systematic review approach. Data sources. Ovid® MEDLINE®, PsycINFO®, Embase®, the Cochrane Library, and SCOPUS® databases; reference lists of included studies; and submissions received after Federal Register request were searched to October 24, 2022. Review methods. Using dual review, we screened search results for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies of patients with chronic pain evaluating cannabis, kratom, and similar compounds with any comparison group and at least 1 month of treatment or followup. Dual review was used to abstract study data, assess study-level risk of bias, and rate the strength of evidence (SOE). Prioritized outcomes included pain, overall function, and adverse events. We grouped studies that assessed tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and/or cannabidiol (CBD) based on their THC to CBD ratio and categorized them as comparable THC to CBD ratio, high-THC to CBD ratio, and low-THC to CBD ratio. We also grouped studies by whether the product was a whole-plant product (cannabis), cannabinoids extracted or purified from a whole plant, or a synthetic product. We conducted meta-analyses using the profile likelihood random effects model and assessed between-study heterogeneity using Cochran’s Q statistic chi square test and the I2 statistic. Magnitude of benefit was categorized as no effect or small, moderate, and large effects. Results. From a total of 3,568 abstracts, 21 RCTs (N=1,905) and 9 observational studies (N=15,079) assessing different cannabinoids were included; none evaluated kratom. Studies were primarily short term, and 60 percent enrolled patients with neuropathic pain. Comparators were primarily placebo or usual care. The SOE was low unless otherwise noted. Compared with placebo, comparable THC to CBD ratio oral spray was associated with a small benefit in pain severity (7 RCTs, N=632, 0 to 10 scale, mean difference [MD] −0.54, 95% confidence interval [CI] −0.95 to −0.19, I2=39%; SOE: moderate) and overall function (6 RCTs, N=616, 0 to 10 scale, MD −0.42, 95% CI −0.73 to −0.16, I2=32%). There was no effect on study withdrawals due to adverse events. There was a large increased risk of dizziness and sedation, and a moderate increased risk of nausea (dizziness: 6 RCTs, N=866, 31.0% vs. 8.0%, relative risk [RR] 3.57, 95% CI 2.42 to 5.60, I2=0%; sedation: 6 RCTs, N=866, 8.0% vs. 1.2%, RR 5.04, 95% CI 2.10 to 11.89, I2=0%; and nausea: 6 RCTs, N=866, 13% vs. 7.5%, RR 1.79, 95% CI 1.19 to 2.77, I2=0%). Synthetic products with high-THC to CBD ratios were associated with a moderate improvement in pain severity, a moderate increase in sedation, and a large increase in nausea (pain: 6 RCTs, N=390, 0 to 10 scale, MD −1.15, 95% CI −1.99 to −0.54, I2=48%; sedation: 3 RCTs, N=335, 19% vs. 10%, RR 1.73, 95% CI 1.03 to 4.63, I2=28%; nausea: 2 RCTs, N=302, 12.3% vs. 6.1%, RR 2.19, 95% CI 0.77 to 5.39; I²=0%). We also found moderate SOE for a large increased risk of dizziness (2 RCTs, 32% vs. 11%, RR 2.74, 95% CI 1.47 to 6.86, I2=40%). Extracted whole-plant products with high-THC to CBD ratios (oral) were associated with a large increased risk of study withdrawal due to adverse events (1 RCT, 13.9% vs. 5.7%, RR 3.12, 95% CI 1.54 to 6.33) and dizziness (1 RCT, 62.2% vs. 7.5%, RR 8.34, 95% CI 4.53 to 15.34); outcomes assessing benefit were not reported or insufficient. We observed a moderate improvement in pain severity when combining all studies of high-THC to CBD ratio (8 RCTs, N=684, MD −1.25, 95% CI −2.09 to −0.71, I2=58%; SOE: moderate). Evidence (including observational studies) on whole-plant cannabis, topical or oral CBD, low-THC to CBD, other cannabinoids, comparisons with active products or between cannabis-related products, and impact on use of opioids was insufficient to draw conclusions. Other important harms (psychosis, cannabis use disorder, and cognitive effects) were not reported. Conclusions. Low to moderate strength evidence suggests small to moderate improvements in pain (mostly neuropathic), and moderate to large increases in common adverse events (dizziness, sedation, nausea) with high and comparable THC to CBD ratio extracted cannabinoids and synthetic products during short-term treatment (1 to 6 months); high-THC to CBD ratio products were also associated with increased risk of withdrawal due to adverse events. Evidence for whole-plant cannabis and other comparisons, outcomes, and plant-based compounds was unavailable or insufficient to draw conclusions. Small sample sizes, lack of evidence for moderate and long-term use and other key outcomes, such as other adverse events and impact on use of opioids during treatment, indicate that more research is needed.
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