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Saitovic, Maja, and Valdete Jusufi. "How to motivate assembly line workers." Thesis, Jönköping University, JIBS, EMM (Entrepreneurship, Marketing, Management), 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-945.
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The purpose of our master thesis was to investigate what motivates assembly line workers performing low-skill jobs in a small industrial laundry business. We wanted to see what fac-tors determine and influence their motivation to work and if and how this motivation can be improved with respect to assembly line systems in general. The method of our investiga-tion was qualitative in nature, where we studied one firm that leases clean bed clothes and textiles to hotels and restaurants around Sweden. We constructed a survey on motivation and handed it out to the assembly line workers who deal with the laundry. Furthermore, we interviewed the shift manager in order to get the company’s view on employee motivation. Our findings indicate that there are several overlapping factors that determine and influ-ence motivation in the long run. From this particular case we saw that a unified working culture and collective efforts both boost the willingness to work and help the process run smoothly. Furthermore, proper communication is motivating, where everyone should be committed to company goals, but the workers should be able to take part in profits, and not just generate them. Also, employees have to be considered as important as customers are. Another factor is to have the right resources to execute company plans, such as proper working techniques that minimise stress, injuries and frustration, and more responsibility that allows employees to see the whole system by learning about the technical aspects, or engaging in customer contacts. When trust builds up between the workers and the man-agement, there will be less need for a controlling boss, and people will be more motivated to work when they are not constantly monitored by their leader. In addition, more CEO visits are encouraged at plant level, because they send the signal that the company cares about all its employees. Finally, a crucial factor is feedback, where the firm should not only criticise, but praise everyone for a job well done. This way, the workers will feel worthy. When long term factors are weak or missing in the company, the only motivation for the people is money. However, money can work as a short term and a long term motivator be-cause it serves as a tool to satisfy needs of both security and self esteem outside work. Con-sidering motivation and assembly lines in general, when the assembly line is at its core, where efficiency is the goal and workers serve as means to get there, the only motivation is money, and possibly working colleagues. Intrinsic motivation can be reached by moving away from the actual system and performing other tasks. Still, the long term factors can improve the situation to a certain extent, but sooner or later everyone will turn into a well oiled machine with no further ways to improve motivation, since boredom and routines will remain. One goes from being a cog in the machinery to an integral part of a successful engine. It is still the same content, but in a different package.
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Amini, Malaki Afshin. "A Study of the Effects of Operational Time Variability in Assembly Lines with Linear Walking Workers." Thesis, Tekniska Högskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, JTH, Industriell organisation och produktion, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-17877.
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In the present fierce global competition, poor responsiveness, low flexibility to meet the uncertainty of demand, and the low efficiency of traditional assembly lines are adequate motives to persuade manufacturers to adopt highly flexible production tools such as cross-trained workers who move along the assembly line while carrying out their planned jobs at different stations [1]. Cross-trained workers can be applied in various models in assembly lines. A novel model which taken into consideration in many industries nowadays is called the linear walking worker assembly line and employs workers who travel along the line and fully assemble the product from beginning to end [2]. However, these flexible assembly lines consistently endure imbalance in their stations which causes a significant loss in the efficiency of the lines. The operational time variability is one of the main sources of this imbalance [3] and is the focus of this study which investigated the possibility of decreasing the mentioned loss by arranging workers with different variability in a special order in walking worker assembly lines. The problem motivation comes from the literature of unbalanced lines which is focused on bowl phenomenon. Hillier and Boling [4] indicated that unbalancing a line in a bowl shape could reach the optimal production rate and called it bowl phenomenon. This study chose a conceptual design proposed by a local automotive company as a case study and a discrete event simulation study as the research method to inspect the questions and hypotheses of this research. The results showed an improvement of about 2.4% in the throughput due to arranging workers in a specific order, which is significant compared to the fixed line one which had 1 to 2 percent improvement. In addition, analysis of the results concluded that having the most improvement requires grouping all low skill workers together. However, the pattern of imbalance is significantly effective in this improvement concerning validity and magnitude.
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Noll, Cheryl Lynn. "The maquiladora industry : an analysis of the attitude toward working by Mexican workers /." The Ohio State University, 1990. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/29862946.html.
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Kuipers, Nathanaël. "Appropriate instructions for manual assembly workers in industrial manufacturing settings: factors to consider." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för ekonomi, teknik och naturvetenskap, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-42186.
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Manual assembly workers have nowadays a much higher workload than before. Not only do they have to deal with many more product variants, but as aconsequence they also receive many more information signals that they have to act upon. This study focuses on the information assembly workers receive through visual instructions. By conducting a literature review in the domains of product development with focus on design for assembly, cognition related to informationin instructions and different instruction formats like paper, tablet, and augmented reality (AR), commonalities and differences could be identified. Assembly operations are generally divided in handling a part and joining a part, and instructions should inform the assembly worker about when what should be assembled where and how. Each of these aspects has an impact on the overall complexity of the assembly process. To realise which of these aspects is most critical for an assembly worker can be of help in creating and delivering effective, tailor made instructions. The main finding is that there is not a one size fits all solution when it comes to the effectiveness of instructions, but that the type of instructions and the way they are delivered should in the first place be adjusted to the complexity of the assembly operations and secondly - if possible - also adjusted to the experience of the worker. The outcomes mentioned in this document should help laying the foundation for rules and guidelines when it comes to manual assembly instructions and its factors to consider.
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Mills, Virginia S. (Virginia Sarah). "Gender and work in the Maquiladoras of Ciudad Juarez, Mexico." Thesis, McGill University, 1991. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=60467.
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The establishment of the Border Industrialization Program (BIP) between Mexico and the United States in 1965 led to the creation of free-trade zone assembly factories--or maquiladoras--along Mexico's Northern border and in the interior. Thousands of Mexican women have since entered the industrial export sector as maquiladora workers, and make up the majority of unskilled and semi-skilled assemblers in electronic and apparel maquila plants. This paper agues that maquiladora managers' preference for women is the result of an unquestioning belief in the gender-specific traits of women--such as dexterity, docility, patience--and well-calculated hiring and personnel policies, which have been designed not only to take advantage of the patriarchal system in Mexico and women's weaker social, political and economic position, but to maintain and control women's qualities of "cheapness", "docility", and "productivity", to the advantage of business.
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Ingvaldson, Anton. "Future Assembly : AURES - The intelligent assisting arm." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Designhögskolan vid Umeå universitet, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-125442.
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The world is constantly changing and workers are forced to adapt to a pace that is more suitable for machines. In the Automotive Industry assembly line workers injuries keeps increasing despite major improvements in recent years. This is due to the cause that the marked demands more goods but to a lower cost. With this in mind, how can we create an aid for assembly line workers that could decrease repetitive strain injuries, facilitate flexibility and reduce the weight load on the workers joints? In this project I have explored the possibility to create new and intelligent aids for the assembly lines with great focus the human body and ergonomics.
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Abdullah, Haslinda. "Repetitive work, upper-limb disorders and stress : a study of Malaysian women assembly workers." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.422756.
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Kenklies, Kai Malte. "Instructing workers through a head-worn Augmented Reality display and through a stationary screen on manual industrial assembly tasks : A comparison study." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för informatik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-172888.
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It was analyzed if instructions on a head-worn Augmented Reality display (AR-HWD) are better for manual industrial assembly tasks than instructions on a stationary screen. A prototype was built which consisted of virtual instruction screens for two example assembly tasks. In a comparison study participants performed the tasks with instructions through an AR-HWD and alternatively through a stationary screen. Questionnaires, interviews and observation notes were used to evaluate the task performances and the user experience. The study revealed that the users were excited and enjoyed trying the technology. The perceived usefulness at the current state was diverse, but the users saw a huge potential in AR-HWDs for the future. The task accuracy with instructions on the AR-HWD was equally good as with instructions on the screen. AR-HWDs are found to be a better approach than a stationary screen, but technological limitations need to be overcome and workers need to train using the new technology to make its application efficient.
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Moreira, Mayron César de Oliveira. "Balanceamento de linhas de produção com trabalhadores deficientes." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/55/55134/tde-18052011-150310/.
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Pessoas portadoras de deficiências encontram enormes dificuldades ao tentarem entrar no mercado de trabalho. De fato, sobretudo em países em desenvolvimento, esta parcela significativa da população representa uma fração ínfima dos trabalhadores empregados. Dentre as iniciativas que tentam reverter este quadro, destaca-se a criação de Centros de Trabalhadores Deficientes (CTDs), empresas sem fins lucrativos que empregam pessoas portadoras de deficiências, geralmente em linhas de produção. Um dos fins últimos dos CTDs é expor os trabalhadores a situações encontradas em uma gama diversa de contextos produtivos, de modo que eles possam, eventualmente, vir a compor o quadro de empresas convencionais. A organização e planejamento da operação de CTDs envolve uma série de dificuldades. Questões ligadas à ergonomia do trabalho ou ao gerenciamento de qualidade, por exemplo, adquirem características particulares neste ambiente. Da mesma forma, problemas clássicos de balanceamento de linhas de produção ganham novas particularidades devido, sobretudo, à enorme heterogeneidade existente entre os trabalhadores. Neste contexto, nos interessamos por problemas referentes ao balanceamento da linha de produção com trabalhadores deficientes, onde se busca obter a maior eficiência produtiva dadas as habilidades específicas de cada trabalhador. De maneira mais precisa, o problema de balanceamento de linhas de produção em CTDs, conhecido na literatura como problema de balanceamento e designação de trabalhadores em linhas de produção (ALWABP, na sigla em inglês) consiste em alocar tarefas e trabalhadores a estações de trabalho, de modo a minimizar o gargalo produtivo e levando em consideração que cada tarefa tem um tempo de duração que depende do trabalhador escolhido para sua execução. Isto dá ao problema um caráter de dupla alocação, aumentando seu caráter combinatório e, consequentemente, sua dificuldade de resolução. Nesta dissertação, estudamos uma variedade de técnicas de resolução do ALWABP. Os objetivos deste estudo são, primeiramente, obter métodos diversos para resolução do problema que sejam eficazes tanto em termos do tempo computacional necessário para sua utilização como em termos da qualidade da solução obtida. Dentre as abordagens propostas e testadas encontram-se versões de algoritmos com diferentes complexidades, indo desde heurísticas construtivas e estratégias de busca monotônica em vizinhança até meta-heurísticas como GRASP e Busca Tabu. A variedade de técnicas desenvolvidas permitiu a resolução de um problema ainda mais complexo que o ALWABP, que consiste em programar a linha para diversos períodos produtivos, levando em consideração a rotação de tarefas entre os trabalhadores. Deste modo, os trabalhadores podem ser expostos ao maior número de tarefas possível (atendendo, assim, o fim de treinamento almejado no ambiente dos CTDs). Para resolução do problema de rotação de tarefas, as técnicas desenvolvidas foram utilizadas em um esquema de otimização híbrido que faz uso de um pool de soluções (obtidas pelos métodos heurísticos) que são integradas através de modelos de otimização linear inteira mista. Os resultados obtidos sugerem que as técnicas desenvolvidas são eficientes e flexíveis para o problema ALWABP e que a sua integração permite a obtenção de soluções eficientes para o problema de rotação de tarefas. Deste modo, esta dissertação propõe um esquema completo para o balanceamento de linhas de produção em CTDsDisabled workers face enormous difficulties when trying to enter to the labor market. At the present moment, in particular in developing countries, this group constitutes a small portion of the labor force in productive processes. Among the initiatives that attempt to reverse this situation, we highlight the creation of sheltered work centers for the disabled (referred to as SWD henceforth), which are non-profit companies that employ people with disabilities, often in assembly lines. The organization and planning of the operation of a SWD involves a number of challenges. Issues related to ergonomy or production quality management, for instance, acquire particular characteristics in this environment. Likewise, classic assembly lines balancing modeling and solving techniques have to be modified, due to the significant heterogeneity among workers. In this context, we are concerned with problems related to the assembly line balancing with disabled workers, which attempts to achieve the higher production efficiency as possible, given the specific skills of each worker. More precisely, the assembly line balancing problem in SWD, known in the literature as the assembly line worker assignment and balancing problem (ALWABP), consists in assigning tasks and workers to workstations, in order to minimize the bottleneck of the production line while considering that each task duration time depends on the worker chosen for its execution. This double assignment structure leads to a much more complex problem. In this dissertation, we study a variety of techniques for solving the ALWABP. The goals of this study are, first of all, the development of a number of efficient techniques for solving the problem, both in terms of computational time required for their use and in terms of the quality of the obtained solutions. Among the techniques proposed and tested, we have versions of algorithms with different complexities, ranging from constructive heuristics and monotonic neighborhood search strategies to metaheuristics such as Tabu Search and GRASP. The diversity of the developed techniques allowed the resolution of a problem even more complex than the ALWABP, which consists of programming the line for a set of periods, taking into account the rotation of tasks among workers. The objective of this new problem is to propose a solution for a given production period that considers the fact that it might be positive to expose the workers to as many tasks as possible (for training, therapeutical and motivational reasons). In order to solve this job rotation problem, the techniques developed were integrated into a hybrid optimization scheme that uses a pool of solutions (obtained with the heuristic methods) which become inputs of mixed integer linear optimization models. The results suggest that the techniques developed are efficient and flexible to the ALWABP and their integration allows the obtention of efficient solutions to the job rotation problem. Thus, this dissertation proposes a complete scheme for the resolution of the balancing problem in SWD production lines
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Jonsson, Johan. "Ökadproduktivitet i en manuell produktion : - en fallstudie på AMB Industri AB." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för ekonomistyrning och logistik (ELO), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-64759.
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Detta examensarbete har studerat hur produktionsplaneringen av en manuell produktion/montering kan bli produktivare. Genom empiriskt material från fallföretaget och insamlade av relevant teori presenteras idéer om hur detta kan göras. Två viktiga slutsatser från detta arbete är att företag bör planera sin manuella produktion/montering längre tid i förväg och därmed möjliggöra för fler förutbestämda planeringsregler, det vill säga vilka produkter som produceras/monteras när. Dessa slutsatser har dragits utifrån aktuell och relevant teori om produktionsplanering av manuell produktion. Fokus i arbetet har dock legat på att testa om ett införande av ett Walking Workers Assembly Line - system (WWAL) i den manuella produktionen påverkar produktiviteten. För att testa hur införandet av WWAL påverkar produktiviteten har det i arbetet gjorts ett experiment i en manuell produktions-/monteringslinje, experimentet har bedrivits i flertalet veckor för att säkerställa resultaten. Resultaten från experimentet visar att införandet av ett WWAL-system påverkade produktiviteten positivt, totalt sett. Däremot visade experimentet att olika delar av den manuella produktionen påverkades på olika sätt, i en del av linjen påverkades produktiviteten positivt med cirka 40 procent och i en annan del negativt med cirka 9 procent. Dessa skillnader kan bland annat förklaras av att det uppstod ett så kallat rabbit chase i den ena delen, men inte i den andra. Vidare visar experimentets resultat att kostnaderna för att införa WWAL var noll, vilket står i strid med aktuell relevant teori. Teorin antyder också att det kan vara svårt att lyckas med WWAL när det gäller komplexa produkter, detta motsäges av experimentet som har gjort på en relativt komplex medicinteknisk produkt. Arbetet kommer också fram till slutsatsen att det kan vara viktigare att införa WWAL än att jobba med Lean till 100 procent, denna slutsats bygger till stor del på att införandet av WWAL var kostnadsfritt.
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Duke, Natalie Anne 1979. "Women on the Line: Strategies of Resistance in the Wake of NAFTA, Global Economic Restructuring, and Transnational Assembly Line Displacement in Mexico." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/9850.
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xiii, 103 p. A print copy of this thesis is available through the UO Libraries. Search the library catalog for the location and call number.NAFTA has had a significant impact on production, exchange, and labor throughout North America. An area significantly transformed by NAFTA is the maquiladora production region in northern Mexico. While once predominantly a female space of labor, we now see more male workers employed by industrial units there than in the past. This thesis interrogates what has happened to the women workers of the maquiladoras. In what ways have NAFTA, global economic restructuring, and the resultant legal atmosphere affected women's daily lives and employment opportunities? What strategies of resistance have these women developed to contend with the new economic landscape? I argue that women are adapting by moving away from the U.S.- Mexico border to work in garment industries and resisting the economic and social pressures resulting from globalization by engaging in subtle protests within in the maquiladoras, opting to participate in the informal economy, and utilizing community groups to facilitate social change.
Committee in Charge: Dr. Anita M. Weiss, Chair; Professor Ibrahim Gassama; Professor Marcela Mendoza
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Moreira, Mayron César de Oliveira. "Problema de balanceamento de linhas de produção e integração de trabalhadores." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/55/55134/tde-08012016-145627/.
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Diversas pesquisas e estudos científicos mostram que uma grande porcentagem das pessoas com deficiência é excluída do mercado de trabalho, sobretudo em países em desenvolvimento. Com o intuito de alterar essa realidade, destacam-se, entre outras medidas, a criação de Centros de Trabalho para Deficientes (CTDs). Tais organizações empregam trabalhadores com deficiência em vários setores empresariais, dando-lhes oportunidades iniciais e preparando-os para que possam, mais tarde, ser inseridos no mercado de trabalho convencional. Vários destes centros operam linhas de produção, principal objeto de estudo desta tese. Nosso estudo é situado em uma etapa idealmente posterior aos CTDs, referente à inserção de trabalhadores com deficiência em linhas de produção convencionais. A demanda por estudos neste contexto tem crescido nos últimos anos, devido sobretudo a políticas corporativas de responsabilidade social e exigências legislativas, como a \"Lei das Cotas\", presentes em diversos países. O planejamento da operação de linhas de produção na presença de trabalhadores com deficiência envolve uma série de desafios, devido à heterogeneidade entre trabalhadores, que faz com que o tempo de execução das tarefas seja dependente de cada indivíduo. Nos deparamos, assim, com um problema de dupla alocação, em que as variáveis de decisão determinam as tarefas a serem inseridas em estações e a alocação de trabalhadores para as mesmas, de modo a otimizar alguma medida de eficiência. O balanceamento de linhas de produção convencionais com uma parcela de trabalhadores com deficiência é denominado problema de balanceamento de linhas de produção e integração de trabalhadores (ALWIBP, do inglês: assembly line worker integration and balancing problem), sendo um caso particular do problema de balanceamento de linhas de produção e designação de trabalhadores (ALWABP, do inglês: assembly line worker assignment and balancing problem), cuja ocorrência é mais comum em linhas de CTDs. Nosso objetivo consiste em estudar formas eficientes de proporcionar a integração de trabalhadores com deficiência em linhas convencionais. Para tanto, abordamos variações do ALWIBP que consideram: (i) minimização de diferentes funções objetivo (número de estações ou tempo de ciclo); (ii) linha de produção com leiautes distintos (simples ou em U); (iii) incertezas quanto ao tempo de execução de cada tarefa (abordagem robusta); (iv) estratégias de rotação de tarefas ou alocação de trabalhadores com deficiência na linha com espaçamento regular. Para cada uma destas extensões, foram desenvolvidos formulações matemáticas, métodos de resolução e novos conjuntos de instâncias teste. Experimentos computacionais indicam possibilidades de adaptação de linhas de produção convencionais à inserção de trabalhadores com deficiência, a custos adicionais baixos ou quase nulos. Portanto, este trabalho oferece alternativas para uma maior flexibilidade na integração de pessoas com deficiência, tornando-os tão eficientes quanto qualquer outro trabalhador denominado \"convencional\".A number of studies show that a large percentage of disabled people are excluded from the labor market, in particular in developing countries. In order to deal with this problem, one can highlight the importance of Sheltered Work Centers for Disabled (SWDs). These organizations employ disabled workers in various corporate sectors, giving them initial opportunities and preparing them so that they can be later integrated into the conventional labor market. Many of these centers operate assembly lines, the main object of study of this thesis. Our study considers an ideally later stage of SWDs, related with the insertion of disabled workers in conventional assembly lines. The demand for studies in this field has grown over the years, due to corporate social responsibility policies and legal requirements such as \"quotas legislations\", present in many countries. Planning the operation of assembly lines with disabled workers involves a series of challenges due to the heterogeneity among workers, which are reflected in task times being worker dependent. This results in a double allocation problem, where decisions must determine both the tasks and the workers to be assigned to the stations, in order to optimize some efficiency measure. The conventional assembly line balancing with a parcel of disabled workers is known as the assembly line worker integration and balancing problem (ALWIBP), being a particular case of the assembly line worker assignment and balancing problem (ALWABP), which occurance is more common in SWDs. Our goal consists in studying efficient ways to promote the integration of people with disabilities in conventional assembly lines. For that, we address ALWIBP variants that consider: (i) minimization of different objective functions (number of stations or cycle time); (ii) different assembly line layouts (simple or U-shaped); (iii) uncertainties on task execution times (robust approach); (iv) job rotation strategies or allocation of disabled workers in the line with regular spacing. For each of these extensions, we develop mathematical formulations, solution methods and new sets of benchmark instances. Computational experiments indicate possibilities for adapting conventional assembly lines to the insertion of disabled workers, at low or close to null additional costs. Therefore, this study offers alternatives ways of increasing exibility in the integration of people with disabilities, making them as efficient as any other conventional worker.
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Straková, Kateřina. "Návrh změn konceptu řízení lidských zdrojů se zaměřením na získávání pracovníků dělnických profesí." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-442988.
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The subject of the master thesis is to propose changes in the human resources concept focused on the recruitment of workers in manual professions in the company FAKSASTRAKA, Ltd. In the theoretical part, the thesis deals with basic concepts closely related to human resources and personnel work. In the practical part, there is an analysis of the current state of the abovementioned company and labour market especially, then a research using a questionnaire survey is created as well. There are elaborated proposals in the field of recruitment for workers in manual professions.
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Arena, Joseph A. "The Little Car that Did Nothing Right: the 1972 Lordstown Assembly Strike, the Chevrolet Vega, and the Unraveling of Growth Economics." The Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1243359975.
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Danielsson, Oscar. "Adaptive AR-system : Adapting manufacturing instructions to worker needs." Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för ingenjörsvetenskap, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-11631.
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This thesis looks at Augmented Reality (AR) and Expert Systems (ES) and how concepts from these techniques can be used to make instructions simpler for workers in the manufacturing industry. The experiment performed is based on a case study of “Block 9-11” at Volvo GTO in Skövde. A comparative study between the developed AR-system and the currently used instruction format has been made. For practical reasons the tasks and instructions were modified from the original. The results showed a similar time usage for the two systems but with a large amount of steps missed in the control group as well as a lower subjective usability-score from the testers, showing an advantage for the AR-system. In future work the plan is to further develop the adaptability-aspect, an aspect that didn’t give clear results in this study.YOU2
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Kersten, Joshua Todd. "Measuring manufacturing assembly worker task duration with radio frequency identification technology." Thesis, University of Iowa, 2017. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/5534.
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Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are common among working populations, especially manufacturing workers, with exposure to non-neutral postures frequently cited as a risk factor. However, the magnitudes and precision of risk estimates vary between field-based studies, as it is difficult to continually follow and sample large study samples with time-varying exposures to non-neutral postures. Development of a low cost location-tracking system may help overcome this methodological limitation. The purpose of this thesis was to explore the utility of radio frequency identification (RFID) technology for extracting task-specific exposure data from full-shift measurements of upper arm posture as machine-paced assembly workers rotated job tasks.
Full-shift upper arm posture and movement velocities were recorded using inertial measurement units (IMUs) across up to 15 consecutive working days from among a sample of 8 participants. Workers scanned RFID tags with RFID readers at job task workstation as they started and finished performing a task, effectively measuring task duration. At the end of each shift, workers self-reported task duration estimates in a diary. Self-report and RFID-based measurement bias and agreement range were estimated using Bland-Altman analyses. Fully nested, random-effects analysis of variance (ANOVA) models were used to estimate the relative contribution of components of exposure variance to overall posture and movement exposure variance.
The study observed a slight measurement bias for self-reported task duration estimates when comparing both incomplete (i.e., single measurement from either self-report or RFID methodology) and complete task observation data (i.e., measurements from both methodologies), while the RFID system displayed a similar bias when comparing only complete task observation data. However, regardless of the data set, a large measurement agreement range was observed. The between-subjects and between-tasks-within-day (and within-subject) variance components generally contributed the most to total exposure variance, with the between-day-within-subject component contributing little if nothing at all. Depending on velocity level summary measure, between 65.7% and 84.5% of the total exposure variance was associated with the between-tasks-within-day (and within-subject) component. The RFID system did prove useful in extracting task-specific exposure data from full-day IMU measurements. However, there were unexpected instances in which workers failed to follow RFID system user protocol and generate irregular timestamp sequences. Future research and development is encouraged to refine the pairing of RFID technology with IMUs for ergonomic exposure assessment. Specifically, an active RFID system with adjustable read range could potentially overcome the limitation of requiring that a worker place the RFID tag within inches of the low frequency RFID reader to perform a scan.
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Cao, Nan, and 曹楠. "Investigation of RFID-enabled walking-worker assembly islands with fixed-position layouts." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2012. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B50162779.
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This research investigates a metallurgy manufacturer whose products are assembled on fixed position assembly islands. The products of collaborating company are characterized by large-scale with high complexity and mass customization. With such configuration, a product is always set on one location throughout its whole assembly cycle. Assembly materials, machines and operators can be continuity sent to one location to reduce damage or movement cost. To understand the production challenges of a real-life enterprise, this research investigates production procedures of the collaborating enterprise on planning, scheduling, logistics and assembly. The management challenges of assembly method with fixed-position layout are summarized as: (1) High dynamic of material, tools and operator movement. (2) The movement of operators, assembly machines maybe expensive. (3) The requirements of assembly operators are too high to find suitable operators with low cost. The cause of current production problems of the collaborating enterprise are summarized as: (1) lack of appropriate real-time operation data capturing and collection methods (2) current visibility and traceability functions at shop floor is wasteful, time consuming and inaccuracy (3) production data can hardly be synchronized between different production unites, e.g. assembly island buffers and stock areas. Hence RFID technology is applied to solve the problems.
The creation of RFID-enable assembly environment is following the AUTOM RFID implementation solutions. The methodology of deployment RFID hardware facilities and the functions of choosing production object to tag RFID tags, finding value-adding points to deploy RFID readers and building networks to integrate the RFID hardware facilities are introduced.
Decision support system is developed to connect and transfer information between shop-floor execution and decision. This system guides executions and collects real-time information involved in execution procedures and converts the information as reference for decision makers. This system can also release shop-floor decisions instantly to operators. Four core components including Explorers, Modules, Services and Data repository compose the framework. These four components interrelates to each other to guarantee the smooth shop-floor information transformation.
Finally, a case study demonstrates the RFID solution has been successfully deployed in proof-of-concept shop floor of the collaborating enterprise. The decision support system can proper manage the captured real-time information and convert the information into useful reference data for decision makers. As the operation processes of this case is designed strictly following the real-life operation processes, therefore this RFID solution is capable to be applied in real-life shop floor to assist the enterprise operation and management.published_or_final_version
Industrial and Manufacturing Systems Engineering
Master
Master of Philosophy
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Segovia, Villarreal Santiago Eduardo. "Linking worker health and well-being with business performance measures in the maquiladora manufacturing industry in the US-Mexico Border Region." To access this resource online via ProQuest Dissertations and Theses @ UTEP, 2008. http://0-proquest.umi.com.lib.utep.edu/login?COPT=REJTPTU0YmImSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI=&clientId=2515.
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Wang, Ling, Yujia Wang, Juan Zhao, Junping Ren, Kenton H. Hall, Jonathon P. Moorman, Zhi Q. Yao, and Shunbin Ning. "The Linear Ubiquitin Assembly Complex Modulates Latent Membrane Protein 1 Activation of NF-κB and Interferon Regulatory Factor 7." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2017. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/6529.
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Recently, linear ubiquitin assembly complex (LUBAC)-mediated linear ubiquitination has come into focus due to its emerging role in activation of NF-κB in different biological contexts. However, the role of LUBAC in LMP1 signaling leading to NF-κB and interferon regulatory factor 7 (IRF7) activation has not been investigated. We show here that RNF31, the key component of LUBAC, interacts with LMP1 and IRF7 in Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-transformed cells and that LUBAC stimulates linear ubiquitination of NEMO and IRF7. Consequently, LUBAC is required for LMP1 signaling to full activation of NF-κB but inhibits LMP1-stimulated IRF7 transcriptional activity. The protein levels of RNF31 and LMP1 are correlated in EBV-transformed cells. Knockdown of RNF31 in EBV-transformed IB4 cells by RNA interference negatively regulates the expression of the genes downstream of LMP1 signaling and results in a decrease of cell proliferation. These lines of evidence indicate that LUBAC-mediated linear ubiquitination plays crucial roles in regulating LMP1 signaling and functions.
IMPORTANCE We show here that LUBAC-mediated linear ubiquitination is required for LMP1 activation of NF-κB but inhibits LMP1-mediated IRF7 activation. Our findings provide novel mechanisms underlying EBV-mediated oncogenesis and may have a broad impact on IRF7-mediated immune responses.
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Korchagina, Julia Jurievna. "In vitro and in vivo analysis of the assembly of the non-collagenous tectorial membrane matrix." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2013. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/47236/.
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Alpha- and beta-tectorin (Tecta and Tectb) are major non-collagenous components of the tectorial membrane (TM). The presence of a zona pellucida (ZP) domain in both tectorins suggests that Tecta and Tectb can form hetero- or homopolymers. It is unclear, however, how these proteins assemble to form the TM matrix. The mechanisms of apical targeting, secretion and processing of the tectorins are also unexplored. I used fluorescently-tagged tectorin constructs for stable transfection into polarised epithelial MDCK cells or transient expression in mouse cochlear cultures to develop an in vitro model of TM matrix assembly. Significant amounts of matrix were not observed with stable tectorin expression in monolayer cultures of MDCK cells. In contrast, I observed substantial amounts of dense extracellular matrix on the apical surfaces of outgrowth zone cells when cochlear cultures were transiently transfected with either Tecta or Tectb. When ectopically expressed in hair cells, Tecta and Tectb locate to the distal tips of the hair bundle. To study the role of the inner-ear protein Ceacam16 in hearing, we generated a Ceacam16 functional null mouse model. The Ceacam16 gene was inactivated by targeted replacement of exons 2-5 with the bacterial lacZ gene. β-gal staining I performed reveals that Ceacam16 is expressed in the epithelial cells of the spiral limbus and inner sulcus, and in both the pillar cells and Deiter's cells. I first detected the presence of Ceacam16 in the TM at P12, four days before the defined striated-sheet matrix is observed. Transmission electron microscopy reveals a complete loss of striated-sheet matrix in Ceacam16 null mice in comparison to the wild-type. The results of this thesis suggest neonatal mouse cochlear cultures as a model for studying tectorin-based extracellular matrix production and also reveal that Ceacam16 is required for normal formation and/or maintenance of striated-sheet matrix.
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Lech, Martin. "Obchodní centrum Holešov - stavebně technologická příprava." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-226104.
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This Master’s thesis deals with the building technological preparation of the building a shopping centre in Holešov. This thesis includes a technical report of building technological projekt, a technological prescription of montage a skeleton of hall with inspecting and testing plan and with a drawings of working procedure of montage, a technical report of building equipment with drawings, a plan of mechanical assembly with a timetable, a report of health and safety on the building site, a report of input of building on environment, description of transport relations with drawings, a timetable of a skeleton of hall, timetable of all the building, a result of workers, a plan of finance, a budget of construction of hall and a calculation of all the building.
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Campanini, Andrei Felipe 1988. "Entre usos e abusos do direito de greve : Assembléia Constituinte de 1946 e paralisação do trabalho." [s.n.], 2015. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/279616.
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Orientador: Fernando Teixeira da SilvaDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas
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Resumo: A presente dissertação estuda as batalhas sociais, legislativas e jurídicas que culminaram no reconhecimento do direito de greve, com a promulgação da Constituição Federal de 1946, e na regulação do seu exercício pelo decreto-lei nº 9.070, de março do mesmo ano. Ela inquiriu a construção dos dispositivos legais sobre a greve como rebento de um complexo processo sociopolítico, em cuja tessitura trabalhadores e patrões tiveram seu grau, evidentemente desproporcional, de participação. E, simultaneamente, sugeriu os modos pelos quais essa legislação e seus instrumentos de aplicação puderam ser compreendidos e reinterpretados pela classe trabalhadora, que estava ciente e em negociação com os programas defendidos pelos patrões ou pelo intervencionismo estatal. Durante o percurso analítico, foram consultados os anais da Assembleia Constituinte de 1946 e os diplomas normativos que disciplinaram as paredes no período. De maneira complementar, foram cotejadas outras fontes de discussão legislativa e judiciária, sobretudo compêndios de juristas e artigos de periódicos especializados em Direito Social, como o "Boletim do Ministério do Trabalho, Indústria e Comércio", a "Legislação do Trabalho", a "Justiça do Trabalho" e a "Revista Forense".
Abstract: The present work is a study of the social, legislative and legal struggles that led to the right to strike, with the enactment of the Brazilian Federal Constitution of 1946, and to its regulation by the Decree No 9.070, in March of the same year. This research investigates the construction of the legal devices on strikes as a result of a complex socio-political process, of which both employees and employers took part (of course, not equally). Moreover, it analyzes how the organized working class, aware of the programs defended by both the State interventionism and the employers, could receive these legal devices and could negotiate about them. During the development of the research, the annals of the Constituent Assembly of 1946 were consulted as well as the regulatory instruments of the strikes at that time. Some jurists¿ books and magazines specialized in Social Rights were also consulted, such as the "Boletim do Ministério do Trabalho, Indústria e Comércio", "Legislação do Trabalho", "Justiça do Trabalho" and the "Revista Forense"
Mestrado
Historia Social
Mestre em História
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Špaček, Miroslav. "Skladový areál firmy Bidfood - stavebně technologický projekt." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-409947.
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The goal of the thesis is a construction technological project of a Bidfood warehouse. Part of the work is the solution of technological regulation for drilled piles and assembly of steel skeleton, organization of the construction, construction site equipment plan, draft of the main machinery and mechanisms. Technical report, coordination layout with a description of transport options, schedule, and financial plan are also part of this thesis.
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Chytal, Roman. "Výrobní hala nástrojárny firmy TOKOZ - stavebně technologický projekt." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-227181.
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The thesis is focused on building technology solutions construction production hall toolmaking of company TOKOZ,a.s. in Žďár nad Sázavou. This thesis contains technical report, construction site equipment project, time and financial plan, bill of quantities, technology study of the major technology stages, mechanical assembly design, technological specification, quality inspections and risks in the implementation of ground works.
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Gajdoš, Filip. "Stavebně technologický projekt železobetonové haly." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-227753.
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In my diploma´s thesis I occupy with selected parts of the technological prepariation of building proceses of administrative and production hall in Holešov. There are detailed follow up the technological rules for ground work and foundation. Furthermore , the technological requirements for reinforced concrate assembled skeleton. My diploma´s thesis also includes the project of the construction site facilities, machinery, construction budget, the technology solution including CTP, the time and financial planning, noise studies, fire safety of the building, evaluation of roof cladding.
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Selník, Petr. "Stavebně technologický projekt dvoulodní haly ve Fulneku." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-226507.
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The subject of this diploma thesis are chosen parts of building technological project of pursuance of the factory building Massag in Fulnek based on the metal bearing structure. This diploma thesis contents study of realization of main technological process of the hall, financial and time plan of building, project of construction site installation, budget of the construction, time planning of works, inspection and test plan, the project of safety and protection of health at work, technological regulation of building metal bearing structure.
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Thompson, Terrie Lynn. "Assembly required: self-employed workers' informal work-learning in online communities." Phd thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10048/1252.
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It seems that for many people, spaces on the web are an integral part of their lives. This may include seeking out learning opportunities in online communities. There is plenty of buzz about these cyberspaces whether they are part of new social media configurations or commercialized product-related spaces cultivated by enterprises. It is important to explore how online spaces mayor may notcreate new locations of educational possibilities for workers. The subtle, and sometimes not so subtle, fusion of these technologies into work-learning practices warrants attention.
This research project focuses on online communities as sites of learning, with an over-arching question of: How do self-employed workers experience informal work-related learning in an online community? Community can describe a gathering of people online that is organic and driven by a shared interest. These online spaces may also be purposefully nurtured by professional associations, workplaces, or businesses. This research project focuses on these spacesoutside the auspices of formal online courses.
I draw on Actor Network Theory (ANT) to explore how work-learning is enacted in online communities and the implications of the intertwining of people and objects in multiple, fluid and distributed actor-networks. I also use the notion of legitimate peripheral participation from Situated Learning theory to explore how different possibilities for learning are shaped by locations and trajectories within a work practice and larger community of practitioners. Data was collected by interviewing 11 self-employed workers and then following the actors as objects of interest surfaced.
This dissertation is a collection of five papers as well as introduction and conclusion chapters and a background chapter on ANT. Findings explore notions of online collectives shifting to more networked configurations, the complexity of work-learning practices unfolding in multiple spaces, contradictions between Web2.0 rhetoric and practices as different associations with knowledge and novel ways of knowing are enacted, and questions about the politics of technology that emerge from uncertainties around delegation, invisible practices, and necessary literacies. Given the need to pull objects out of the background and into critical inquiry, I also explored how a researcher interviews technology objects as participants in a study.Adult Education
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Tayeb, Karima. "Factors that Affect the Perception of Company Success by Assembly Workers in the Boat Industry." 2007. http://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_gradthes/226.
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Employee retention is critical to an organization’s competitive position. Employees are resources; and a “good” employee is a valuable asset. From a system’s perspective, employees are critical elements that are needed to ensure the output can be produced effectively and efficiently. Thus, management of this resource is critical for a company’s success. Maintaining a stable workforce in the boat manufacturing industry is a challenge. This is especially true in the assembly area where the average job is unskilled and not considered a career position. The purpose of this study is to identify the individual and organizational factors that contribute to high turnover in the boating industry. This study investigates employee perceptions about the work and management based on a satisfaction survey; and identifies which factors create the most dissatisfaction and lead to turnover.The study used the survey method to collect data from assembly workers of four different companies in the boating industry. A 32-item survey, which measures attitudes and perceptions about the organization, was developed and administered by HR specialists at each company. Results showed that encouragement of suggestions, communication, and involvement in the change process had the greatest impact on employees’ perceptions of a company’s long-term success and those perceptions are highly influential in predicting voluntary exit.
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Nelson, Nancy Ann. "A case-control study of affective disorder and organic solvent exposure in automobile assembly plant workers." 1992. http://books.google.com/books?id=sMU9AAAAMAAJ.
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Yu, Cheng-Tsung, and 余正宗. "A study on the cognition degree and influence factor of environmental constitution affect the semiconductor assembly workers." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/63976399086699729505.
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碩士國立中興大學
環境工程學系所
96
Domestic environmental quality has increased in recent years, however, people,s concepts toward eternal environment are not realized. To overemphasize the development of industry will easily ignore the importance of environment protection, which leads to overburden of environment as well as the gap between ideal and reality. Hence, this research adopted the analyzed data from field survey which focused on the environmental impacts to employees in local companies（especially hi-teck semiconductor industry with much pollution.）and their degrees about environmental concepts while they are surrounded by the risks and production materials. The sample were taken from formal employees in the company as researching case, which is one of the leading enterprise in Taiwan,s semiconductor assembly industry. There were 254 workers contained in the researching samples and processed in cross influence and discussion through each setted fundamental factor. The important conclusions of this research were as follows : （1）As to international environmental issue, the grade was mid-low（41.67）, there were no significantly difference on sex､course､work age､shift; And the older age､higher educated､higher official rank､environmental course trained performed better. Totally, international environmental knowledge was poor for workers. （2）As to society environmental knowledge, the average level of grade（>80）all performed good. （3）As to factory environmental knowledge, the highest score（79.13） and lowest score（17.32）were significant deviation, the environmental policy promotion were great related to their job content if involved. （4）As to routine environmental behavior with background factor, the overall grade was high level（80.23）, there were no significant difference on sex､age､educational record､course､work age､department､shift; no matter what,s his background, they all had sufficient understanding and consideration then perform good. （5）As to factory environmental behavior with background factor, company policy promotion was high related to the higher official rank､environmental course trained. Besides,「public security treatment process」had gotten the lowest score（62）and the highest STD-deviation than others, it revealed most of persons didn,t know this issue well. （6）As to international environmental issue for worker attitude, the major factor was official rank, the more high position and the more performed better. The secondary factor were department and work station. Factory assist Dep. & nonproductive Dep. performed best, but quality control Dep. & W/B station performed worst. （7）As to factory environmental issue for worker attitude, following the analysis scale, workers can obey the policy（min.>65）; Only 「smoking area setup」issue had disagreement. The environmental protection policy had recognized by assembly workers. Following the study result, environmental policy promotion and further research are provided.
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Barchiesi, Franco. "Flexibility and changes in forms of workplace subjectivity: a case study of the South African automobile assembly industry." Thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10539/20580.
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A dissertation submitted to the Faculty of Arts, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, in fulfilment of requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Sociology. Johannesburg, 1997.This thesis is an investigation into worker responses to restructuring of work and production organisation in a South African automobile manufacturing company. The orgnnisation of work and production is analysed as part of managerial strategies aimed at promoting flexibility Worker responses will be conceptualized in a general model of worker subjectivity. Subjectivity here means the process through which workers make sense of changes in factory life according to regulative ideas and general moral and cultural constructions of the meanings of industrial work. I adopted a method based on observational research and semi-structured interviews with a group of workers, integrated by archival research and interviews with managers and union organisers, The results of my enquiry confirm hypotheses and theoretical frameworks critical towards the notion of flexibility as representing a clear divide with traditional "mass production" methods. In fact, managerial promotion of flexibility coexists here with relevant continuities in hierarchical and authoritarian structures, paternalism, lack of skills' recognition, use of technology as a mainly cost-cutting device, routinisation and lack of worker responsibility and independence. [Abbreviated Abstract. Open document to view full version]
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WEN, TSUEN-PING, and 溫存平. "A Study on the Importance and Satisfaction of Quality of Work Life for Shift Workers - Take the Assembly Line Employees of T Company as an Example." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/t5srd3.
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碩士華梵大學
工業工程與經營資訊學系碩士班
101
Abstract Lukas’s (1993) researches have shown that a good quality of work life (QWL) has a great impact on helping for a company to keep retention of the good employees and improve performances. This research investigated expectations and cognition of QWL for the assembly line of shift employees, and understands what the major impact is by designing questionnaires as a survey to ascertain the QWL. By doing so, we can find out the aim of identifying gaps and key to a result. This research organizes the assembly line of shift employees with the investigation goals, designing a “company system”, “working environment”, "wages and benefits", "superior leadership", "the nature of work","family life" of six dimensions, and thus explores the QWL relationship between these six dimensions. This study used questionnaire surveys. We sent 172 questionnaires, and 150 valid questionnaires for the shift employees of the assembly line of T company. The effective response rate was 87%, and the study questionnaire included satisfaction, importance, and personal attributes basic information of QWL. After the questionnaire datum are entered into the computer, we use the statistical analysis software SPSS to calculate the weights of employees’s demand quality elements that are convert into an important degree of sorting, as a basis of improvement. We cite Importance - Satisfaction model in order to find out the key reasons of improvements. Finally, we use the quality model and the group interview to indicate the meanings of managements. Research indicates that employees have significant different feelings between the quality and satisfaction of QWL. The main key that the analysis falls in the "area for improvement" is five reasons, which belong to "the nature of work", "the company system "and" the salary and welfares ". It shows that employees consider the most important and unsatisfied elements are the division of responsibilities, working system, salary bonuses, and employee recreation. After the construction of quality house, we find that performance bonus, encouraging employees to get licenses, raise salary, and the company adjusted salary every six month are the priorities to improve the employees’s QWL. Keywords: Quality of Work Life, I-S Model, Shift Worker, House of Quality
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Barajas, Escamilla Maria del Rosio. "The global production networks in an electronics industry the case of the Tijuana-San Diego binational region /." 2000. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/52210692.html.
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Rosenberg, Judith. "The rhetoric of globalization: can the maquiladora worker speak?" Thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/2632.
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Hu, Yi Hsin, and 胡譯心. "Cost-oriented Assembly Line Balancing and Worker Assignment Problem in Apparel Industry." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/32441777157891004748.
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碩士國立清華大學
工業工程與工程管理學系
103
Apparel manufacturing is a labor-intensive traditional industry. Under the pressure of internationalization, the competition in this industry is quite drastic. The production process of garments is separated into four main phases: designing/clothing pattern generation, fabric cutting, sewing and ironing/packing. Among these, sewing is the most critical process which needs lots of human and materials resource. The purpose of assembly line balancing problem (ALBP) in sewing lines is to assign tasks to the workstations making the machines of the workstations perform the assigned tasks in order to reduce manpower, increase efficiency and lower the total cost. This thesis develops a line balancing system for apparel manufacturing industry. Grouping genetic algorithm (GGA) is applied to develop heuristics in the proposed line balancing system. For a given cycle time, tasks are assigned to workstations to minimize the total relevant cost. This research verifies the performance of the proposed line balancing system by collecting data from real apparel manufacturing factory. There is only limited literature in the area of ALBP with cost consideration. The computational results reveal that the line balancing system developed in this thesis is effective in solving cost-oriented assembly line balancing and worker assignment problem (CALBWAP) which has high practical value in apparel industry.
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Hung, Jui-Chun, and 洪瑞君. "Analysis and Investigation of Work Posture Fatigue for Steel Structure Assembly Worker." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/8fy88u.
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碩士朝陽科技大學
營建工程系碩士班
93
Several researches report that the total sick leave of the construction site population is due to work-related musculoskeletal disorders. However, the related study is not clearly pictured in construction industry in Taiwan. This research investigates 52 steel frame assembling workers to obtain the postures that are easily to cause musculoskeletal disorders. It is found that the posture of twisted and bent to one site is ease to cause work’s musculoskeletal disorders. In addition, a working frame is proposed for reduce the risk of developing work’s musculoskeletal disorders in this study.
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Chien, Wei-Chih, and 簡維志. "To establish U-shape assemble line in multi-functional workers-Case study of the electronics industry." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/78310289218983361540.
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碩士國立臺北大學
企業管理學系
93
The advantage of manufacturing flexibility in responding quickly, effectively and profitably to the changing needs of customers is probing into large literature that deficient proposing to establish manufacturing flexibility. This thesis would like to establish manufacturing flexibility procedures by case study. In this thesis, to expect two purposes: (1) To establish groups which a small amount of various electron products. (2) To establish manufacturing flexibility procedures for a small amount of various electron products. In case study, the finding of PFA(Production flow analysis) is no effect on grouping which a small amount of various electron products and must to change part-machine dimensions into process-products dimensions. By ROC (Rank order clustering) operates with new dimensions can effect grouping which a small amount of various electron products. The new operation was called PPROC (Process-Products ROC). This thesis was established 11 procedures and PPROC is the first step. The second step: operations are rationalized and processes analysis; the third step: set up a common operation way; the fourth step: plan cycle time; the fifth step: plan support material cycle time; the sixth step: build equipment for exchange production line; the seventh step: plan U-shape assemble line; the eighth step: set up standard operation; the ninth step: line balancing; the tenth step: multi-functional workers of training; the 11th step: assess benefit and improve continuously. These 11 procedures are deep and complete study which can supply a right way for electronics industry.
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Chen, Huang-Hsien, and 陳皇賢. "Assessment of Construction Worker’s Working Posture and Work Load－A Case Study on Form Assembly Work." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/37125423099162697914.
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碩士朝陽科技大學
營建工程系碩士班
97
Workers have to execute works in continuously repeated actions or postures in a construction environment. Such condition has made the workers vulnerable to injuries in relating to muscles and bones. According to previous studies on physical energy metabolism, it was found that energy consumption continued increasing once a person was involved in the works consuming physical strength. Energy consumption varies based on workload while workers are doing their jobs. Previous studies in relating to the hazards brought by the construction industry mostly focused on working posture endangerment grading and on bringing up suggestions and improvement methods. As a result, no survey and discussions have been made on energy consumption at work. Therefore, this study tends to propose the posture endangerment grade evaluation and energy consumption assessment at work. The related conclusions and suggestions are also made according to the results obtained in this paper and serve as a reference for follow-up researchers and a guide for futher study. This study mainly explores working posture endangerment and workload while executing form assembly. On-site shooting and heart rate measurements were made upon executions. OWAS and REBA were applied to evaluate working posture endangerment. The software, Viewlog, was used to analyze heart rates. According to the OWAS and REBA evaluation on working postures, those dealing with columns, walls and plates ranked the top three hazards while taking various types of form assembly into consideration. In this study, it was hypothesized that there were or were no significant differences between heart rates categorized by the three types of form assembly under normal conditions. The results proved that there were no significant differences in fatigue rating influenced by the above mentioned three types of form assembly. Finally, the correlation between the posture endangerment grade evaluation and heart rates was explored via statistical correlation analysis. The results showed that the correlation function indicating the correlation between OWAS and REBA posture evaluation systems and the average heart rates is close to zero. Therefore, it was found that no significant correlation between posture endangerment grading and working energy consumption was shown in the construction industry.
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Fang, Chao-Jheng, and 方朝政. "Using Heart Rate to Monitor Construction Worker''s Productivity -A Case Study on form Assembly Work." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/28970429404376475144.
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碩士朝陽科技大學
營建工程系碩士班
97
As technologies, commerce and industry are highly developed, new equipment, machines and production skills are invented and introduced accordingly. Consequently, people have to face changes in working styles. In the construction industry, work efficiency acts as a major factor influencing construction progress. Construction progress plays an important role in productivity. The methods for measuring productivity are: field rating, work sampling, five-minute rating, etc. On-site observations and manual recording are required to collect data upon executions while adopting the above mentioned methods. Only partial observations instead of comprehensive evaluation can be made by using those methods. This paper aimed at finding out if it was feasible to categorize various works by heart rates upon executions. Automatic measurement of heart rate was made and recorded so as to achieve automatic and comprehensive survey of productivity. 12 subjects were recruited for taking part in the experiments carried out by this study. Their average age, height and weight are 23.1±0.8 yr, 175.3±6.7 cm and 78.3±15.8 kg respectively. The subjects were requested to execute nine types of works in relating to form assembly, including steel bar carrying, wood pile carrying, nailing, screw fastening, sample setout, blue-print reading, communicating, rest-standing and rest-sitting. Heart rate measurement and analysis were made over the above mentioned nine works. The analytical results helped to divide the works of form assembly into high-intensity direct work, low-intensity direct work, indirect work and non-work. The average heart rates are as follows: (1) high-intensity direct work: 136±44beat / min; (2) low-intensity direct work: 94±31beat / min; (3) indirect work: 85±24beat / min; and (4) non-work: 78±21beat / min. According to the results obtained from the hypothesis testing, significant differences were shown among groups. It was proved that the average heart rates could be used to effectively classify high-intensity direct work, low-intensity direct work, indirect work and non-work.
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Lai, Heng-Hui, and 賴恒輝. "Using Acceleration and Heart Rate to Monitor Construction Worker’s Performance-A Case Study on Form Assembly Work." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/58186116285357644359.
Full textAbstract:
碩士朝陽科技大學
營建工程系碩士班
97
Abstract In Taiwan, most works in relating to civil constructions still rely on manpower. On-site observations and manual recording are the methods usually used for a survey of working efficiency. Working conditions are recorded on site so as to make further assessment. Generally, such assessment is made on a basis of partial observations on efficiency, which is adopted to deduce overall conditions and efficiency. However, such method is unable to achieve comprehensive on-site personnel management. The objective pursued is to precisely control working progress through automatic and comprehensive evaluation on related personnel. This study discussed the executions of various types of form assembly via experiments. Meanwhile, heart rate and three-dimensional acceleration exhibited from workers were measured upon executions. The results of this study showed that heart rate measurements by direct works were higher than those by indirect works and non-work. Such fact explained that direct works presented greater load. The acceleration measurements by various works could be distinguished via hyposthesis testing. The results obtained from 9 work items and 36 groups of hypothesis testsing indicated that only three groups could not be proved of any significant difference in acceleration upon executions. They were rest-standing and communicating, rest-standing and graph reading as well as nailing and screw fastening. The measurements of both heart rate and acceleration could be effectively used to analyze and evaluate the works in relating to form assembly. Such analysis can be provided to managers for progress control over labor productivity and for making observations and suggestions in connection with productivity management.
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Raath, Steven. "Die heilige gees en die ekologiese problematiek." Diss., 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/1016.
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Lin, Yi-Jhen, and 林宜蓁. "A Study of Resource-Constrained Assembly Line and Worker Assignment Balancing Problem for Sewing Lines in Apparel Industry." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/26551495428051873384.
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碩士國立清華大學
工業工程與工程管理學系
102
Apparel manufacturing is a operator-intensive traditional industry helping the economy growth in Taiwan. The most critical manufacturing process is sewing, as it generally involves a great number of manual operations. A balanced sewing line can reduce operator requirement, increase production efficiency, decrease operator cost, and reduce production cycle time. This paper uses Grouping Genetic Algorithm (GGA) to solve types I and II Resource-Constrained Assembly Line and Worker Assignment Balancing Problem (RCALWABP) in sewing lines of apparel industry. Type I RCALWABP in sewing lines was solved using GGA to minimize the number of workstations for a given cycle time. Type II RCALWABP was solved using GGA to minimize the cycle time and maximize the throughput for a given number of workstations. Type II RCALWABP is generally considered as the extension of Type I RCALWABP. The solution of types I and II RCALWABP in sewing lines has high practical value, but there is only limited literature in this area. This paper takes into account several practical characteristics in apparel industry, including multi-skill operators, operator efficiency, and learning curve. Real data from apparel factories will be used to set the best parameters of GGA and evaluate GGA’s performance based on experimental design.
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Shih-Yi, Yang, and 楊詩怡. "SAFEKEEPING－parts assembled & assembling parts - 2009~2011 Art works by Shih-Yi Yang." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/13398230342611143138.
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碩士國立新竹教育大學
藝術教育與創作碩士班
100
Abstract This essay is written to make the creator realizing what she needs in study and realizing herself again. Looking for the meaning of creation in the study process is same as solving Mathematics proof topic. The creator could find her meaning of a creation via continually test and verify. Finally, she could receive better answer through her creative works. The study results are as follows: Chapter 1:「The meaning of my personal creation」 The statements in this chapter are about the creator’s creative motivation, study motivation and the methods of study. Chapter 2:「Basic theory」 The purpose of this chapter is to explore the factor of sensitivity and discuss how sensitivity could influence creator and her creation via three points of view, psychological types, sensitive writer, and sensitive creator. And further, though these points to explain the relation between the safekeeping phenomenon within creating process and the sensitive characteristics. Chapter 3:「The idea of creation」 Same as chapter 2, writer will use three points to analyze the idea of creation and forms of creation. The three points are self sense of the creator, behavior of derived and operation of labor. Furthermore, contrast creator’s point of view with three contemporary artists’ creative sense. Chapter 4:「creation of form and content I」 The creation formed between the idea of creator’s concept and（body）behavior. The process of the creation: firstly, discuss the question about the selected media and how to use it. Then, through daily hand movement (ex: scrub, fold, rip, stick) to show the meaning of the creation. Chapter 5:「creation of form and content II」 Different from chapter 4, this chapter will discuss the creation formed between the idea of creator’s（body）behavior and painting. Through the painting technique to discuss the creation and go return to use single hand operating action ( use the same color level to painted on the picture layer by layer ) to be the main operation mode in creating process. The contents of the creation could be corresponded with the sensitive person’s characters. All the correspondences could be the best explanation of the paintings’ contents. Chapter 6: 「Conclusion」 In conclusion, the creator’s points of view in the study process will be elaborated. There are two points will be indicated: the relationship between viewers and the creation also the position of creator’s in the creation. Appendix: There is an attachment about「Are you a highly sensitive person ?¬」. This sensitive test is the trigger point of the study.
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Кубатиев, Р. Р., and R. R. Kubatiev. "Разработка принципов построения роботокомплекса для производства ремонтно-сборочных работ в автономных боксах : магистерская диссертация." Master's thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10995/48061.
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In such hazardous environment as radiation-dangerous, extremely dusty and highly toxic various technological operations can be performed. One of these operations is the repair and assembly work that should be carried out in standalone boxes (in specially equipped enclosed spaces, without the human participation), and mobile robots, in particular, robocarts (robots on a moving chassis) perform these operations.
In this work the robots are being analyzed, the major types of classification, the systems of journey and basic types of mobile robot movers are proposed. Based on the classification and analysis, a robot on a moving chassis with an in-plane parallel motion and an observing robot have been selected. A two-coordinate control system for the observing robot in the Cartesian coordinate system has been developed, the principles of constructing a robot control system by each coordinate have been considered. It has been suggested to build one of the coordinates from such components as the program input device, the absolute and incremental encoders, transcoding coder, coincidence unit, as to the second coordinate, to build it from from the following components: the cable with reflective and light absorbing sections, photo heads, transcoding coder. The ring code -to-binary code converter has also been designed because by one of the coordinates the code needs to be converted into a ring code and a program memory device that automatically determines the direction of movement and helps to avoid operator error.
Since the robocart and the observing robot must work together, it is suggested to combine them into a single robotized technological complex. As the observing robot moves in the Cartesian coordinate system, and the robocart in the polar coordinates a program has also been developed to convert the polar coordinates into cartesian coordinates.
In the course of work on the master's thesis, 7 patents of the Russian Federation for utility model and 1 registration certificate of the computer program have been received. The work was reported at the All Russian Youth Conference "Regional programs and projects in the field of intellectual property through the eyes of young people". The thesis of the report was published in the collection of scientific papers of the conference.Цель работы - разработка принципов построения роботокомплекса для производства ремонтно-сборочных работ в автономных боксах. Дипломная работа выполнена на кафедре Металлообрабатывающие станки и инструменты Уральского Федерального университета – УрФУ имени первого Президента России Б. Н. Ельцина и посвящена созданию роботокомплекса для производства ремонтно-сборочных работ в автономных боксах. В опасных средах, таких как радиоационно-опасная, чрезмерная запыленная и высокотоксичная средах, могут выполнятся различные технологические операции. Одна из таких операции – это ремонтно-сборочные работы, которые должны проводится в автономных боксах (в специально оборудованных закрытых помещениях, без прямого участия в нем человека), а выполнять такие операции должны мобильные роботы, в частности, робокары (роботы перемещающиеся на подвижном шасси). В данной работе проанализированы роботы, предложены классификации основные виды, системы маршрутослежения и базовые типы движителей мобильных роботов. На основании классификации и анализа выбран робот на подвижном шасси с плоско-параллельным перемещением и робот-наблюдатель. Разработана двухкоординатная система управления роботом-наблюдателем в декартовой системе, рассмотрены принципы построения системы управления роботом по каждой координате. Предложено по одной координате строить из таких узлов, как устройство ввода программы, абсолютный и инкрементный энкодеры, кодопреобразователь, блок совпадения, по второй координате из следующих узлов: трос со светоотражающими и светопоглощающими участками, фотоголовки, кодопреобразователь. Разработаны так же преобразователь естественного двоичного кода в кольцевой код, так как в одной из координат код необходимо преобразовывать в кольцевой и устройство для запоминания программы, которое автоматически определяет направление перемещения и помогает избежать ошибки оператора. Поскольку робокар и робот-наблюдатель должные работать согласовано предложено объединить их в единый роботокомплекс. Так как робот-наблюдатель перемещается в декартовых координатах, а робокар в полярных, также разработана программа для преобразования полярных координат в декартовы. В ходе работы над магистерской диссертацией, было получено 7 патентов РФ на полезную модель и 1 свидетельство о регистрации программы ЭВМ. Работа докладывалась на Всероссийской молодежной научно-практической конференции «Региональные программы и проекты в области интеллектуальной собственности глазами молодежи» Тезис доклада опубликован в сборнике трудов конференции. В пояснительной записке к магистерской диссертации также приведено обоснование экономической эффективности создания робокара. Также определены мероприятия, обеспечивающие оптимальные условия труда для персонала, обслуживающего систему.
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BENDOVÁ, Eliška. "Systém reverse charge u DPH ve stavebnictví." Master's thesis, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-173979.
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In the first part of this thesis is characterised VAT, is mentioned its principle, basic terms. Then is characterised reverse charge system on the level Directive 2006/112/ES principle, reasons for implementation, application in the Czech republic, etc. The second part of this thesis is described the system reverse charge in civil engineering in detail. There are mentioned principles of uses. Then are analysed problems, advantages and disadvantages related to this system of taxation. These aspects evaluated the subjects of taxation a electrician, a joiner and construction company (from viewpoint customer and supplier) and tax administrator.