Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Assemblage'
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Costa, Eduardo Mariz Corrêa da. "Foto-assemblage." Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2013. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=4924.
Full textFOTO-ASSEMBLAGE consiste em nomenclatura sugestionada para definir os trabalhos que tenho produzido a partir da junção de fotografias digitais. As elaborações e fundamentações desses trabalhos representam também o cerne das pesquisas que resultaram na presente dissertação. Em princípio, o termo foto-assemblage haveria de referir-se a questões técnicas ou formais dessa prática. Contudo, ao desenvolver as pesquisas alguns procedimentos acabaram por determinar certas nuances que revelaram aspectos comuns também em seus e conteúdos. Como resultado de construções artísticas juntando fotografias desde 2009, cheguei às composições sintéticas aqui apresentadas, construídas a partir de duas fotografias. Aventei o nome foto-assemblage por observar nas imagens resultantes ressalvas que as distinguiriam de certas convenções atribuídas à ideia de fotografia. Ao mesmo tempo, as referidas imagens proporiam um possível desdobramento ao entendimento de assemblage enquanto técnica artística. Ainda que não seja uma regra, fotografias revelam imagens de momentos. Em sua relação com a compreensão humana de tempo ou espaço, fotografias quase sempre contêm instâncias mínimas. Fotografias, contudo, podem ser também compreendidas como uma contração de um percurso de tempo. Toda imagem fotográfica pode ser assimilada como resultante de determinados acontecimentos anteriores e mesmo tida como elemento gerador de conseqüências futuras. Seguindo esse entendimento, o que proponho com a foto-assemblage é que essa lide com segmentos de tempo ou de espaço contidos numa mesma imagem. Essas fotografias originárias ganhariam uma nova atribuição, sendo retiradas de seu contexto original, serviriam de balizas do percurso de tempo ou espaço suprimido e subjetivado entre elas. Poeticamente, eventos ocorridos entre as fotografias originárias estariam contidos nas imagens produzidas. O termo assemblage foi incorporado às artes a partir de 1953, por Jean Dubuffet, para descrever trabalhos que seriam algo mais do que simples colagem. A ideia de assemblage se baseia no princípio de que todo e qualquer material ou objeto colhido de nosso mundo cotidiano pode ser incorporado a uma obra de arte, criando um novo conjunto, sem que perca seu sentido original. Esse objeto é arrancado de seu uso habitual e inserido num novo contexto, tecendo laços de relação com os demais elementos, construindo narrativas num novo ambiente, o da obra. Na ideia da foto-assemblage, entretanto, é sugerido uso das imagens fotográficas originárias não como objetos que estariam em um mundo cotidiano, mas sim como imagem na concepção do que seria uma entidade mental. Adoto como que uma visão mágica onde as imagens originárias e básicas estariam numa outra dimensão, num plano bidimensional, não manipulável por nós habitantes da tridimensionalidade. Nesse ambiente imaginário ou não, as fotografias são assentadas consolidando a foto-assemblage. Quando a foto-assemblage se concretiza, se corporifica numa mídia, sendo impressa para uma contemplação, ai então, passaria a integrar nosso mundo tridimensional. O resultado poderia ser admitido como um híbrido, uma terceira coisa, a partir de duas que já não se dissociam mais no ensejo de uma compreensão estética. Ao final da dissertação, apresento experiências práticas que resultaram em quatro séries de imagens em foto-assemblage. Cada série enfatiza aspectos peculiares do que denomino paisagem expandida, representando percursos de tempo, espaço ou trajetos entre o mundo concreto e mundos do inconsciente.
PHOTO-ASSEMBLAGE consists on nomenclature to define the work that I have produced from the junction of digital photographs. The elaboration and justification of these works also represent the core of the research that resulted in this dissertation. In principle, the term photo-assemblage would refer to formal or technical issues this practice. However, research to develop some procedures ultimately determine certain nuances that reveal common aspects and also in their content. As a result of joining constructions artistic photographs since 2009, I came to the synthetic compositions presented here, constructed from two photographs. I suggested name photo-assemblage by observing the resulting images caveats that distinguish certain conventions attributed to the idea of photography. At the same time, these images would propose a possible unfolding to the understanding of assemblage as artistic technique. Although it is not a rule, photographs show images of times. In its relation to the human understanding of time and space, photographs almost always contain instances minimal. Photographs, however, can also be understood as a contraction of a course of time. Every photographic image can be assimilated as a result of certain events before and even seen as an element that generates future consequences. Following this understanding, what I propose with the photo-assemblage is that it deals with segments of time or space contained in the same picture. These photographs originating win a new award, being removed from their original context, serve as beacons of travel time or space and deleted subjectivizing between them. Poetically, events originating from the photographs would be contained in the images produced. The term assemblage to the arts was built as from 1953 by Jean Dubuffet to describe works that would be something more than simple collage. The idea of assemblage is based on the principle that any material or object drawn from our everyday world can be incorporated into a work of art, creating a new set without losing its original meaning. This object is torn from its habitual use and placed in a new context, weaving bonds of relationship with the other elements, constructing narratives in a new environment, the work. In view of photo-assemblage, however, is suggested use of photographic images as objects originating not they would be in an everyday world, but as the design image of what a mental entity. I adopt it as a magical sight where the images originate, basic, would be in another dimension, a two-dimensional plane, we can not be manipulated by the inhabitants of three-dimensionality. In this "environment" imaginary or not, pictures are settled consolidating photo-assemblage. When the photo-assemblage materializes, is embodied in media, being printed for contemplation there would then integrate our three-dimensional world. The result could be admitted as a hybrid, a third thing from two no longer dissociate more opportunity in an aesthetic understanding. In the concluding stages of dissertation, practical experiences that resulted in four sets of images in photo-assemblage. Each one emphasizing peculiar aspects of what I title "expanded landscape", reproducing images that contain paths of time, space or paths between the concrete world and unconscious worlds
Bartoux, Benoît. "Assemblage par la mesure et assemblage simultané à N éléments." Amiens, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009AMIE0114.
Full textThis thesis is concerned with the industrial problem of the measuring assembly process, and more precisely with the simultaneous assembly of N elements. The production in aeronautics deserves a great quality for processes. Hence we need a continuous improvement both for measuring tools (laser trackers for instance), either for algorithms devoted to proceed to the measures. The usual softwares do not take into account the whole panel of tolerances. The drawbacks are a loss of quality which is not suitable for the quality for the quality of the new planes. Our algorithm allows us to take into account these constraints. To begin with, we describe the framework to model the industrial problem. In the second part, we introduce the algorithms developed during this thesis. Eventually we detail these methods on “toy cases” suggested by the quality service of AIRBUS Méaulte and we will apply them on a real case: the assembly problem of the section 12 of the A380
Adkins, Mathew. "The art of assemblage." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.389371.
Full textSandomire, Daniel M. (Daniel Micah). "Direct sequential system assemblage." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/70282.
Full textIncludes bibliographical references (p. 79-82).
Decisions made during the building process have the opportunity to both inform the next set of decisions and provide unexpected and possibly positive features in the final project. Thus, working beyond the minimum definition at each size will provide a more rich environment for the next ... This thesis proposes to investigate those decisions both analytically and synthetically. In volume one, construction phases are established and a set of physical system options is assigned to each. The next task of the thesis is to assemble these systems in multiple, thus discovering both the intrinsic behaviors of the system as well as its means of exchange with other systems. These parallel systems investigations will then provide the background for the final task of this thesis: volume two, a practical application of the methodology in an architectural project.
by Daniel M. Sandomire.
M.Arch.
Ulbrich, Brian Neal. "An assemblage of parts." Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/53339.
Full textMaster of Architecture
Sickler, Ashley. "Paul Bunyan design assemblage /." Click here to view, 2009. http://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/artsp/18.
Full textProject advisor: Charmaine Martinez. Title from PDF title page; viewed on Jan. 21, 2010. Includes bibliographical references. Also available on microfiche.
Cerf, Aline. "Assemblage dirigé de nano-objets." Phd thesis, INSA de Toulouse, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00525067.
Full textKameche, Farid. "Assemblage dirigé de nanocristaux métalliques." Thesis, Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066305/document.
Full textThe fine control of nanoparticles bi-dimensional organization remains a main challenge for magnetic recording applications. Although the current size for a data bit is around a few tens of nanometers, it could be reduced to the nanometer scale simply through using magnetic nanoparticles. Nonetheless, intrinsic parameters of the nanoparticles such as their sizes, shapes and chemical compositions have a direct incidence on their periodic arrangement. Two different chemical routes were used to synthesize 2 nm CoPt and Co33Pt67 nanoalloys. Due to the high chemical disordering of these nanocrystals, the blocking temperature and coercive fields were lower than wished for data storage applications. In order to exhibit a higher chemical ordering, in situ annealing of these nanocrystals was carried out. It has been shown that ordering occurred around 400°C. Plus, size and shape for Co33Pt67 were kept after annealing but not for equiatomic composition. Nevertheless, only poor mesoscopic ordering between nanoparticles is observed, as reported elsewhere. This hurdle could be overcome in using organic molecules able to self-assemble on graphite and forming a porous two-dimensional supramolecular template. Thus, such template was designed and used to demonstrate that 2 nm Pt nanoparticles can locally organize in quasi-hexagonal or monoclinic lattices
Guagliumi, Arthur Robert. "Assemblage art: origins and sources /." Access Digital Full Text version, 1990. http://pocketknowledge.tc.columbia.edu/home.php/bybib/10910244.
Full textIncludes appendices. Typescript; issued also on microfilm. Sponsor: Justin Schorr. Dissertation Committee: David S. Nateman. Bibliography: leaves 162-186.
Dannenmüller, Sophie. ""California assemblage" : récupération, contestation, tradition." Paris 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA010530.
Full textYoung, Deborah E. "The Machinic Assemblage: Dismantling Authorship." Kent State University Honors College / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ksuhonors1336020877.
Full textParry, Kyle Thomas. "Crisis Archives: Assemblage, Interaction, Participation." Thesis, Harvard University, 2015. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:23845456.
Full textFilm and Visual Studies
Castro, Nicolò. "Auto-assemblage de nanoparticules Janus." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLS486/document.
Full text"Janus nanoparticles" is the term used to refer to colloidal nanoparticles made of two halves with different physical and chemical properties. Over the last years, several theoretical studies have been published on the self-assembly possibilities offered by these particles (in particular by Sciortino, F. et al.), but little experimental work has been done on them. The theoretical studies suggest that many interesting behaviors appear when the size of the particles approaches the interaction range of the forces at play (tens of nanometers in the case of van der Waals and hydrophobic forces). In this manuscript, we show the formation of clusters of Au–SiO₂ heterodimers with sizes of less than 100nm. The self-assembly was induced by exchanging the hydrophilic ligand on the Au surface with a hydrophobic one, which provided the attractive interaction. The assembly was followed by time-resolved absorption spectroscopy and small-angle X-ray scattering. We found that shorter thiols have a longer induction period, and cause the particles to come closer together, compared to thiols with longer tails. We also study a second system: CdSe nanoplatelets. These are semiconducting quasi-2D structures with unique optical properties. These properties result from their reduced size in one of the dimensions. Because of their novelty and particularity, the nucleation and growth mechanism of these particles is still being studied. We followed the synthesis using in-situ SAXS and WAXS, to obtain information with regards to this mechanism and to study the deformation which occurs in some of these systems which leads to rolled up sheets of CdSe. The CdSe nanoplatelets were also used to create hybrid CdSe–Au structures. The combination of these two materials has already proven to produce unique effects such as enhanced catalysis and, combined with the reduced dimensionality and control of the platelets, could result in even more interesting characteristics. We propose a synthesis method which results in the formation of small gold spheres on the corners of the platelets. We show that the size of the spheres depends on the amount of precursor used, and show high resolution electron microscopy images which highlight the crystalline structure of both materials
Scussat, Marco. "Assemblage bidimensionnel de composants optiques miniatures /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2000. http://library.epfl.ch/theses/?nr=2179.
Full textAmbara, Mounguet Gilles Baptiste. "Assemblage de modèles de composants métier." Mémoire, École de technologie supérieure, 2007. http://espace.etsmtl.ca/546/1/AMBARA_MOUNGUET_Gilles_Baptiste.pdf.
Full textStephen, Ian Stuart. "Ecology of an Amazonian lizard assemblage." Thesis, Royal Holloway, University of London, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.417837.
Full textSauvage, Ulrich. "Assemblage de séquences ; séquençage des génomes." Montpellier 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996MON1T005.
Full textDelmas, Olivier. "Assemblage du rotavirus : rôle des rafts." Paris 6, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA066020.
Full textRivière, Cécile. "Assemblage de céramiques par faisceau laser." Lyon, INSA, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ISAL0135.
Full textCO2 and YAG lasers were used for welging SiO2 Al2O3 ceramic tubes with 60 wt% alumina content (mullite) and Al2O3 tubes with 95wt% alumina content. Investigations of thermal stresses, which must be minimized for crack free welding, show the necessity of preheating. One can preheat the whole workpiece or part of it using different preheating methods. The welding method which could fit the two ceramics was the use of two sub-beams (one is used for preheating) obtained from the division of a primary gaussian beam. The effects of welding parameters on the microstructure of the fusion zone have been studied. Prevention of weld defects including crack and porosity was also investigated. Strength of the weld joints is evaluated by a 4-point bend test and the effects of heterogeneity of ceramics have been taken into account by a Weibull analysis. From cathodoluminescence experiments, the radiative of the samples have been probed in the wavelength rang 250-900 nm. They have been related to the presence of defects as impurities, oxygen vacancies and device centers. At last, ceramics charging properties have been tackled by the use of an original method: the mirror method
Rogers, Taylor W. "assemblage: a water taxi for alexandria." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/31141.
Full textMaster of Architecture
Arrachart, Guilhem. "Auto-assemblage d'organosilices par reconnaissance moléculaire." Montpellier 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005MON20177.
Full textMARQUIS, RIGAULT ANNIE. "Les helicates. Synthese et auto-assemblage." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992STR13084.
Full textBaudry, Benoit. "Assemblage testable et validation de composants." Rennes 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003REN10048.
Full textSchmitt, Julien. "Auto-assemblage de matériaux méso-structurés." Thesis, Paris 11, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA112243/document.
Full textMeso-structured materials are materials with a well-controlled porosity, designed from sol/gel syntheses between surfactant micelles and an inorganic precursor, most often a silica precursor. Among them, the SBA-15 material, formed in super-acid solution from P123 (a tri-block copolymer) as surfactant and TEOS a silica precursor, is one of the most studied. Synthesis of this material has been studied by in situ Small Angle X-Ray Scattering (SAXS), which allowed to describe both qualitatively and quantitatively the self-assembly mechanisms between surfactant micelles and silica particles. In details, our results showed that TEOS hydrolysis-condensation allow the formation of silica oligomers that interact with the corona of the spherical micelles of P123, and progressively the micelles reshape in hybrid organic/inorganic cylindrical micelles. The hybrid micelles, first free in solution, eventually precipitate in a hybrid 2D-hexagonal mesophase. This model of synthesis is called “sphere-to-rod transition”. Moreover, in order to understand the material mechanisms of formation at every length scales, we studied the influence of the synthesis conditions on the morphology of the meso-structured material grains. Indeed, in agreement with a previous study, our results show that if the synthesis is made without stirring, the material grains has an equilibrium shape that strongly depends on the synthesis temperature. By changing the temperature, one can form hybrid materials with a “rice grain” shape, or a (short or long) rod shape, or even a torus shape. We propose a theoretical model to explain all the observed morphologies, model that takes into account surface tensions and curvature energy of the newly formed 2D-hexagonal liquid-crystal at the precipitation of the hybrid mesophase. We measured the nucleation and growth of the grains by Ultra Small Angle X-Ray Scattering (USAXS). Thanks to all these studies, we present a complete description of the formation of the SBA-15 material. Our knowledge were used to describe new in situ SAXS measurements of new materials: our “sphere-to-rod transition” model was able to describe the formation of two materials, form two fluorinated surfactants and allowed to explain the formation of a “bimodal” material, which means a material with two well-defined porous order, that is synthesized from a mix of two surfactant (P123 and (Rf₈(EO)₉). Finally, we tried to use our knowledge to form innovative materials, by replacing the micellar solution as template by an emulsion doped in gold nanoparticles (NPs) to form hybrid materials doped in NPs
Cuvier, Anne-Sophie. "Etude de l'auto-assemblage de sophorolipides." Thesis, Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066293.
Full textSophorolipids (SL), a family of industrially-scaled bolaform microbial glycolipids, possess a pH-sensitive COOH group and are expected to exhibit a unique self-assembly behavior. In this work, we have studied 2 different types of this molecule, whose chemical structure has been modified on the alkyl chain (leading to the saturated C18:0 SL) and on the sophorose moiety (leading to the acetylated C18:1a SL). The C18:0 SL forms chiral nanofibers only at pH below 7.5 and we have characterized them with powerful techniques such as cryo-TEM, light, neutron and X-Ray scattering and solid state NMR. Interestingly, the mono-unsaturated compound (C18:1cis) self-organizes into micelles and ellipsoids under the same conditions (pH < 7.5), as reported in the literature. At basic pH, the negative charge on the COOH group drives the self-assembly towards platelet-like objects for both, C18:0 and C18:1cis SL. The acetylated compound C18:1a resembles the C18:1cis SL and forms ellipsoids, whose length can be triggered with the pH. Finally, we have investigated cell viability tests of C18:0 SL to human cells (fibroblasts) in vitro for potential wound healing applications of this biosurfactant
Cuvier, Anne-Sophie. "Etude de l'auto-assemblage de sophorolipides." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066293.
Full textSophorolipids (SL), a family of industrially-scaled bolaform microbial glycolipids, possess a pH-sensitive COOH group and are expected to exhibit a unique self-assembly behavior. In this work, we have studied 2 different types of this molecule, whose chemical structure has been modified on the alkyl chain (leading to the saturated C18:0 SL) and on the sophorose moiety (leading to the acetylated C18:1a SL). The C18:0 SL forms chiral nanofibers only at pH below 7.5 and we have characterized them with powerful techniques such as cryo-TEM, light, neutron and X-Ray scattering and solid state NMR. Interestingly, the mono-unsaturated compound (C18:1cis) self-organizes into micelles and ellipsoids under the same conditions (pH < 7.5), as reported in the literature. At basic pH, the negative charge on the COOH group drives the self-assembly towards platelet-like objects for both, C18:0 and C18:1cis SL. The acetylated compound C18:1a resembles the C18:1cis SL and forms ellipsoids, whose length can be triggered with the pH. Finally, we have investigated cell viability tests of C18:0 SL to human cells (fibroblasts) in vitro for potential wound healing applications of this biosurfactant
Paroissien, Eric. "Contribution aux assemblages hybrides (boulonnés/collés) - Application aux jonctions aéronautiques." Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00171103.
Full textKlinkon, Heinrich. "Provocations : raw constructs in mixed media /." Online version of thesis, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/11608.
Full textAllmang, Christine. "Assemblage et fonction de complexes ARN-protéines." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Louis Pasteur - Strasbourg I, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00265610.
Full textAu cours de ma thèse dirigée par Chantal Ehresmann (1990-1994), dans l'équipe de Bernard Ehresmann (UPR 9002 du CNRS) j'ai étudié le mode d'interaction de la protéine ribosomique S8 sur l'ARNr 16S d'E. coli.
Mon travail post-doctoral dans l'équipe de David Tollervey (EMBL, Heidelberg (1994-1996) et Université d'Edimbourg (1996-2001) a porté sur l'étude des mécanismes de maturation, d'assemblage et de dégradation de diverses RNP. J'ai notamment contribué à la caractérisation de l'exosome, un complexe d'exonucléases 3'->5' impliqué dans la maturation et la dégradation de divers ARN chez la levure. J'ai également étudié le rôle de protéines chaperons dans la biogenèse des snoARN (biogenèse des ribosomes), des ARN ribosomiques et des ARNt.
En 2001, j'ai été recrutée au grade de chargée de recherche au CNRS dans l'équipe d'Alain Krol où nous étudions les mécanismes de synthèse des sélénoprotéines. L'incorporation de sélénocystéine dans les sélénoprotéines fait appel au recodage co-traductionnel d'un codon UGASec en phase. Chez les eucaryotes, ce mécanisme implique l'assemblage d'un complexe ARN-protéine au niveau d'une structure en tige-boucle ou ARN SECIS (Selenocysteine Insertion Sequence) située dans la région 3' non codante de l'ARNm des sélénoprotéines. La protéine SBP2 se fixe spécifiquement à l'ARN SECIS et recrute les facteurs de la machinerie de biosynthèse. Elle fait également partie de complexes supramoléculaires dans le cytoplasme et le noyau, suggérant un possible assemblage nucléaire de la mRNP SECIS. Nous avons montré que la protéine SBP2 présentait une origine évolutive commune avec des protéines de la famille L7Ae. Ces protéines partagent un domaine de liaison à l'ARN similaire et participent à la construction de plusieurs RNP essentielles telles les sous-unités ribosomiques, les snoRNP (biogenèse des ribosomes), les snRNP (épissage), et les mRNP codant pour les sélénoprotéines. Nos objectifs sont d'élucider les principes d'interaction SBP2/SECIS, d'identifier les composants moléculaires des complexes qui se forment autour du SECIS et de comprendre leur assemblage.
En collaboration avec Edouard Bertrand (Montpellier) et Bruno Charpentier et Christiane Branlant (Nancy) nous avons identifié une machinerie d'assemblage des RNP L7Ae conservée de la levure à l'homme et d'importance fondamentale pour la cellule. Elle est constituée d'une protéine adaptatrice et d'un complexe de protéines chaperons. Notre objectif est de comprendre son rôle dans l'assemblage des mRNP de sélénoprotéines.
Lioni, Arnaud. "Auto-assemblage et transport collectif chez Oecophylla." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211828.
Full textWalker, Kevin R. "Climatic Dependence of Terrestrial Species Assemblage Structure." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/23697.
Full textLoranger, Jessy. "Assemblage des communautés d'herbacées: une approche fonctionnelle." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/8181.
Full textAbstract: There are two main factors which, combined together, allow understanding community assembly : i) the environment (both abiotic and biotic), which acts as a filter selecting species according to how well-adapted they are to given conditions, and ii) functional traits, on which this environmental filtering occurs since they represent species adaptations to particular conditions. It is thus essential to establish reliable relationships between environmental conditions and the functional structure of communities in order to identify and understand the mechanisms driving community assembly. However, several factors such as cross-scale interactions between environmental variables (e.g. between climate and soil fertility) complicate the situation. This is why, despite a growing body of studies on the subject, processes of community assembly are still poorly understood and are difficult to generalize. The purpose of this thesis is to i) better define and quantify the trait-environment relationships in herbaceous systems across different spatial scales and ii) determine the influence of those relationships on community assembly and on ecosystem functioning. To realize these objectives, I worked with data from programs which assembled taxonomic and functional data on herbaceous communities across France (DivHerbe and DivGrass) and, to a lesser extent, Europe (VISTA). These databases thus cover large regional climatic gradients, as well as more local environmental gradients related to soil quality and disturbances. I first tested the importance of simultaneously considering local and regional environmental variables as well as their interactions to determine the taxonomic and functional structure of communities. Then, I studied how the relative importance of processes leading to either functional convergence or divergence can change along a successional gradient, and how these two types of processes influence our ability to predict community assembly from functional traits. Finally, I presented how the results at the community-level can be used to study the ecosystem-level. The results of this thesis demonstrate that regional climatic variables strongly interact with local environmental variables in driving the local processes responsible for community assembly. Assessing the regional context is thus necessary in order to avoid erroneous interpretations of observed assembly patterns. Working with those two levels of environmental variation, important discrepancies were found between taxonomic and functional variations across communities, reflecting the importance of considering several aspects of biodiversity in order to understand community dynamics. The results also demonstrated that the assembly processes leading to functional convergence and divergence have a very different and predictable impact on the relationships between traits and species relative abundances, i.e. on our ability to predict community assembly from traits. Finally, these notions related to trait-environment relationships and to trait-based community assembly were used in a functional biogeography framework: It was possible to build maps of functional traits values in permanent grasslands across France using environmental variables. These maps then allowed predicting particular ecosystem properties. Thus, this work allowed illustrating some challenges that we are facing in using our knowledge in functional ecology to build sustainable conservation and exploitation plans for our ecosystems.
Done, Elizabeth J. "The supervisory assemblage : a singular doctoral experience." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/1241.
Full textRabatel, Matthias. "Modélisation dynamique d'un assemblage de floes rigides." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAM050/document.
Full textIn this thesis, we present a model describing the dynamics of a population of ice floes with arbitrary shapes and sizes, which are exposed to atmospheric and oceanic skin drag. The granular model presented is based on simplified momentum equations for ice floe motion between collisions and on the resolution of linear complementarity problems to deal with ice floe collisions. Between collisions, the motion of an individual ice floe satisfies the linear and angular momentum conservation equations, with classical formula applied to account for atmospheric and oceanic skin drag. To deal with collisions, before they lead to interpenetration, we included a linear complementarity problem based on the Signorini condition and Coulombs law. The nature of the contact is described through a constant coefficient of friction, as well as a coefficient of restitution describing the loss of kinetic energy during the collision. In the present version of our model, this coefficient is fixed. The model was validated using data obtained from the motion of interacting artificial wood floes in a test basin. The results of simulations comprising few hundreds of ice floes of various shapes and sizes, exposed to different forcing scenarios, and under different configurations, are also discussed. They show that the progressive clustering of ice floes as the result of kinetic energy dissipation during collisions is well captured, and suggest a collisional regimes of floe dispersion at small scales, different from a large-scale regime essentially driven by wind forcing
Belevich, Lydia. "Koncentration, konstruktion: Fragment, Plasticitet, Konsekvens : Ett assemblage." Thesis, Konstfack, Institutionen för Konst (K), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:konstfack:diva-7247.
Full textO'Rorke, Patrick Robert. "Painting: Horizontality and the Gestures of Assemblage." The Ohio State University, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1339688550.
Full textBreuning, Esther. "Auto-assemblage séquentiel d'architectures inorganiques en grille." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001STR13104.
Full textFUNERIU, DANIEL-PETRU. "Auto-assemblage moleculaire a sous-programmes multiples." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999STR13161.
Full textGestraud, Cecilia. "Synthèse, fonctionnalisation et assemblage de nanodisques d'argent." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019INPT0112.
Full textSilver nanoparticles, used extensively in catalysis, optics and electronics, are now emerging in new applications such as imaging, photonics or chemical and biochemical detection. Among these applications, some require particular morphologies such as rods or disks (conductive films, enhanced Raman spectroscopy) while others mainly involve a large specific surface area such as in heterogeneous catalysis. Anisotropic metal nanoparticles are traditionally produced in two stages, separating the formation of seeds and their growth, in order to better control their morphology. However, the two-stage synthesis makes the transfer on industrial scale difficult because of the long incubation time and the washing steps required. In this context, we decided to focus on the synthesis of anisotropic nanoparticles, in particular silver nanodisks, as well as their assembly in solution and on surfaces. In our work, we adopted an approach that allows to carry out the two stages of the formation of silver nanodisks in the same reaction medium. The principle is based on the use of two reducers, one weak and one strong, with different kinetic reduction rates, allowing the control of anisotropy. This method is simple and fast but requires good control of the experimental parameters. The time between the addition of the two reducers determines the morphology of the formed objects. There is actually an optimal range for this time, which depends particularly on the temperature of the synthesis. In order to vary the optical properties of these nanodisks, different strategies can be considered. We chose to form assemblies both in solution and on surfaces by different deposition techniques. The adsorption of bifunctional organic molecules can provoke the formation of assemblies in solution: one function has an affinity with silver and the other interacts with the free functions of the other nanoparticles through hydrogen or electrostatic bonds for example. Assemblies can also be made on surfaces. We have been working on original deposition method, which allow an oriented assembly of nanodisks through electrostatic forces.We have demonstrated that these assemblies are good candidates for developing micro-structured SERS substrates
Morin, Nathalie. "Protéines d'échafaudage et assemblage de l'adénovirus 2." Lille 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986LIL10005.
Full textGrimaud, Régis. "Assemblage de la tête du bactériophage µ." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995GRE10060.
Full textWilliams, Levester R. "A (dis)Assemblage of the Gallery-Growlery." VCU Scholars Compass, 2016. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/4258.
Full textLoranger, Jessy. "Assemblage des communautés d’herbacées : une approche fonctionnelle." Thesis, Montpellier, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015MONTS034/document.
Full textThere are two main factors which, combined together, allow understanding community assembly : i) the environment (both abiotic and biotic), which acts as a filter selecting species according to how well-adapted they are to given conditions, and ii) functional traits, on which this environmental filtering occurs since they represent species adaptations to particular conditions. It is thus essential to establish reliable relationships between environmental conditions and the functional structure of communities in order to identify and understand the mechanisms driving community assembly. However, several factors such as cross-scale interactions between environmental variables complicate the situation. This is why, despite a growing body of studies on the subject, processes of community assembly are still poorly understood and are difficult to generalize. The purpose of this thesis is to i) better define and quantify the trait-environment relationships in herbaceous systems across different spatial scales and ii) determine the influence of those relationships on community assembly and on ecosystem functioning. To realize these objectives, I worked with data from programs which assembled taxonomic and functional data on herbaceous communities across France (DivHerbe and DivGrass) and, to a lesser extent, Europe (VISTA). These databases thus cover large regional climatic gradients, as well as more local environmental gradients related to soil quality and disturbances. I first tested the importance of simultaneously considering local and regional environmental variables as well as their interactions to determine the taxonomic and functional structure of communities. Then, I studied how the relative importance of processes leading to either functional convergence or divergence can change along a successional gradient, and how these two types of processes influence our ability to predict community assembly from functional traits. Finally, I presented how the results at the community-level can be used to study the ecosystem-level. The results of this thesis demonstrate that regional climatic variables strongly interact with local environmental variables in driving the local processes responsible for community assembly. Assessing the regional context is thus necessary in order to avoid erroneous interpretations of observed assembly patterns. Working with those two levels of environmental variation, important discrepancies were found between taxonomic and functional variations across communities, reflecting the importance of considering several aspects of biodiversity in order to understand community dynamics. The results also demonstrated that the assembly processes leading to functional convergence and divergence have a very different and predictable impact on the relationships between traits and species relative abundances, i.e. on our ability to predict community assembly from traits. Finally, these notions related to trait-environment relationships and to trait-based community assembly were used in a functional biogeography framework: It was possible to build maps of functional traits values in permanent grasslands across France using environmental variables. These maps then allowed predicting particular ecosystem properties. Thus, this work allowed illustrating some challenges that we are facing in using our knowledge in functional ecology to build sustainable conservation and exploitation plans for our ecosystems
Lebedeva, Inna. "Théorie de l'auto assemblage de copolymères hybrides." Thesis, Pau, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PAUU3023/document.
Full textAn important mechanism underlying many processes occurring in living organisms is self-assembly of amphiphilic (macro)molecules in aqueous solutions. Spontaneous formation of self-organized structures of phospholipids and biomacromolecules occurs because of a delicate balance between attraction and repulsion forces. Such forces include hydrophobic attraction, hydrogen bonding, metal coordination forces and steric or electrostatic repulsion.In addition, self-assembly of synthetic amphiphilic molecules is widely used in various technical fields. A striking example are low molecular weight surfactants (small amphiphilic molecules) that can significantly change the properties of systems. Other important areas in which surfactants and amphiphilic macromolecules are actively used are cosmetology and hygiene. However, the use of self-organizing structures of amphiphilic macromolecules requires detailed study and raises a few questions for researchers regarding their structure, behavior under the influence of external factors and their stability.The main goal of the present work was development of the theory of self-assembly of diblock copolymers where one or both of blocks (soluble or/and insoluble) exhibit dendritic branching and established relations between degree of branching of the block(s) and structural properties (size, shape, aggregation number) of the self-assembled aggregates.The major focus of the thesis was on developing an analytical self-consistent field theory of self-organization in solutions of non-ionic linear-dendritic and double-dendritic deblock copolymers in selective solvents. This theory enables us to predict how dendronization of one or both blocks affects structural and thermodynamic properties of self-organized assemblies formed by copolymers. It was demonstrated that dendronisation of the corona blocks allows obtaining the stable micelles of relatively small size, but with many terminal groups.The latter feature is most attractive in the context of controlled delivery, since the exposed to the environment terminal groups can be readily functionalized by targetable ligand groups. Both these features can simultaneously be achieved because dendronization of the corona blocks reduces the equilibrium aggregation number and overall dimensions of micelles compared to micelles formed by homologous linear-linear diblock copolymer molecules while keeping large number of terminal groups per micelle. Dendronization of the insoluble block may be used for increasing of the number of terminal monomer units in the core. Such terminal groups can be further functionalized to be able to interact with active drugs, thereby increasing the loading capacity of the micelle.We have also demonstrated that dendronization of the soluble blocks favors formation of spherical micelles, whereas the ranges of thermodynamic stability of cylindrical wormlike micelles and dendrimersomes are shifted to larger degree of polymerisation of the insoluble blocks. On the contrary, dendronization of the insoluble block has the opposite effect and leads to widening of the stability ranges of polymersomes and cylindrical micelles.We investigated effects of finite extensibility (non-linear elasticity) in linear chain and dendron polyelectrolyte brushes containing ionic groups. We developed the analytical theory of polyelectrolyte brushes within the Poisson-Boltzmann approximation which explicitly accounts for finite extensibility of the brush-forming polyelectrolyte chains. It was shown that for the same set of the brush parameters the theory based on non-linear elasticity of the polyions predicts smaller thickness of the brush and larger magnitude of the jump in polymer density at the edge of the brush.The obtained knowledge will provide a rational background for molecular design of novel architecturally complex block copolymers, including those for medical applications
Romann, Julien. "Auto-assemblage de nanocristaux d'oxalate de cuivre." Phd thesis, Université du Sud Toulon Var, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00639468.
Full textRomann, Julien. "Auto-assemblage de nanocristaux d'oxalate de cuivre." Phd thesis, Toulon, 2009. https://theses.hal.science/tel-00639468/fr/.
Full textThe nanostrucuration of matter by self-assembly is nowadays one of the most dynamic areas in fundamental research and opens many technological perspectives. In this PhD thesis is studied the self-assembly of copper oxalate nanocrystals. This compound can be considered as a model system whose properties can be transposed to the elaboration of complex nanostructures. A bibliographical study, covering on one hand the self-assembly phenomenon at the mesoscopic scale, and on the other hand the particular case of divalent metal oxalates constitutes the first part of this work. Then, the structural characterization of copper oxalate nanocrystals and the influence of the synthesis conditions on their self-assembly lead to a model of mesocrystals built from an orientation of nanocrystals by crystal faces recognition. Finally, the morphological modifications of mesocrystals in presence of additives and the spectroscopic study of these nanostructures confirm the prpoposed model by highlighting a selective adsorption of additives on some of the nanocrystals faces
Pope, Matthew Ian. "The significance of biface-rich assemblages : an examination of behavioural controls on lithic assemblage formation in the lower palaeolithic." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.270401.
Full textWASSEF, MAGDY. "Modelisation a la rupture d'un assemblage soude lors de refroidissement du cordon de soudure (application aux assemblages en croix)." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998CLF22050.
Full textMassaro, Vincent Peter. "Transmogrification /." Online version of thesis, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/11190.
Full textMazzer, Mary. "Witch's brew." [Kent, Ohio] : Kent State University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=kent1208626408.
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