Journal articles on the topic 'Asphalt pavement sustainability'
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1
Kleizienė, Rita, Ovidijus Šernas, Audrius Vaitkus, and Rūta Simanavičienė. "Asphalt Pavement Acoustic Performance Model." Sustainability 11, no. 10 (May 23, 2019): 2938. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11102938.
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Low-noise pavements are used as an effective method of traffic noise mitigation. Low-noise pavements reduce the noise that arises due to interactions between tires and road surfaces (tire/road) via the implementation of three main components: low pavement roughness, negative pavement texture, and a high pavement air-void content. The tire/road noise reduction capabilities of the wearing layer vary depending on the aggregate type, gradation, bitumen and air-void content, and density. Consequently, the demand for an accurate tire/road noise prediction model has arisen from the design of asphalt mixtures. This paper deals with how asphalt mixture components of the wearing layer influence tire/pavement noise reduction and presents a model for tire/road noise level prediction based on the asphalt mixture composition. The paper demonstrates that the noise reduction level of low-noise asphalt pavements is dependent on the composition of the asphalt mixture. Asphalt wearing layer mixture composition parameters were tested in the laboratory from cores taken from 18 road sections, where acoustic properties were measured using a close-proximity (CPX) method. The proposed linear model is based on the bitumen amount, the air-void content of the mixture and aggregate shape and involves materials that comply with the general requirements for high-quality asphalt mixtures. The model allows for the prediction of the tire/road noise level at the asphalt mixture design stage using asphalt mixture components and volumetric properties. The proposed model is the first stage in the building of a complex model with a much wider range of low-noise asphalts components, pavement profile depth and CPX-value relationships.
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Alamri, Mohammed, Qing Lu, and Chunfu Xin. "Preliminary Evaluation of Hot Mix Asphalt Containing Reclaimed Epoxy Asphalt Materials." Sustainability 12, no. 9 (April 26, 2020): 3531. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12093531.
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Designing long-life pavements and pavement recycling with reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) are two important strategies for improving the sustainability of asphalt pavements. Epoxy asphalt, as a proven long-life pavement material, is attracting attention from the pavement community for its use in road pavements. The recyclability of epoxy asphalt mixtures, however, has never been studied and has now become one concern in promoting the use of epoxy asphalt in road pavements. This study attempts to explore the performance of hot mix asphalt (HMA) containing reclaimed epoxy asphalt materials. Reclaimed epoxy asphalt was fabricated in the laboratory and incorporated into regular asphalt mixtures at various contents. Specimens were prepared and tested for their performance in comparison with mixtures without RAP. It was found that replacing the coarse aggregates in HMA with epoxy RAP up to 80% did not negatively affect its Marshall stability, tensile strength, and moisture resistance. The plastic deformation at failure of HMA, however, may increase with the increase in epoxy RAP content. At the current stage, the results from this study do not provide evidence to invalidate the use of epoxy RAP in HMA, at least at a coarse aggregate replacement rate of less than 40%.
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Puccini, Monica, Pietro Leandri, Andrea Luca Tasca, Lavinia Pistonesi, and Massimo Losa. "Improving the Environmental Sustainability of Low Noise Pavements: Comparative Life Cycle Assessment of Reclaimed Asphalt and Crumb Rubber Based Warm Mix Technologies." Coatings 9, no. 5 (May 26, 2019): 343. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings9050343.
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Increasing environmental awareness is pushing towards sustainable approaches to the design and management of transport infrastructures. A life cycle assessment of low noise pavements is carried out here, with the aim to evaluate and compare the use of warm mix asphalts containing crumb rubber (CR) from end-of-life tires (ELTs) and reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP). Different scenarios have been considered, taking into account production, construction, maintenance activities, and end-of-life of the pavement, according to a cradle to grave approach. Hot mix asphalt (HMA) was used as a reference wearing course. Results show that the simultaneous implementation of warm asphalt technologies and recycled materials can lead to a 50% reduction of the environmental burdens, compared to the standard scenario. The difference is mainly ascribed to the material depletion, the energy consumption, and the emissions associated with the frequency of maintenance of the wearing course. The use of asphalt rubber is environmentally advantageous, if compared to polymer modified binders (PMB); moreover, rubberized open-graded mixtures require the lowest bitumen content and maintenance. The findings of this research support the use of recycled materials and warm technologies as a way to improve the environmental sustainability of low noise pavements.
4
Bozkurt, Tarık Serhat, and Ahmet Sertaç Karakaş. "Investigation of Asphalt Pavement to Improve Environmental Noise and Water Sustainability." Sustainability 14, no. 22 (November 11, 2022): 14901. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142214901.
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Controlling environmental noise and reducing excessive noise is necessary to protect human health and provide auditory comfort. People are frequently exposed to traffic noise in their daily life and traffic noise is a considerable problem on the city scale. This study investigates the sound absorption coefficient in asphalt pavements so as to reduce traffic and environmental noise. The important parameters affecting the sound absorption coefficient in asphalt pavement, such as the use of porous asphalt pavements, clogging pores, the mixture content change, the thickness change, and getting wet, were identified. It is stated that the sound absorption coefficient in the asphalt layer can be increased with the use of a porous asphalt layer, and by changing the thickness and mixture content. In addition, with the effects of global warming, water supply problems are observable in cities. In this context, the use of rainwater is of vital importance. Permeability of the asphalt layer and storage of rainwater in the lower layer are recommended. The accumulation of rainwater with the aid of drainage in porous asphalt pavements has been investigated and the use of rainwater within the scope of recycling is explored. Within the scope of the research, the construction of porous asphalt pavements is suggested in a system that can store water, reuse rainwater with a new system proposal, and reduce environmental noise by increasing sound absorption performance. Accordingly, it will be possible to reduce the environmental noise level and to use rainwater within the scope of recycling. According to varying thicknesses, porous asphalt pavements were modeled using the finite element method, and the Von Mises stress and vertical deformation results of different thicknesses were compared.
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Oreto, Cristina, Francesca Russo, Rosa Veropalumbo, Nunzio Viscione, Salvatore Antonio Biancardo, and Gianluca Dell’Acqua. "Life Cycle Assessment of Sustainable Asphalt Pavement Solutions Involving Recycled Aggregates and Polymers." Materials 14, no. 14 (July 11, 2021): 3867. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14143867.
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The pursuit of sustainability in the field of road asphalt pavements calls for effective decision-making strategies, referring to both the technical and environmental sustainability of the solutions. This study aims to compare the life cycle impacts of several pavement solution alternatives involving, in the binder and base layers, some eco-designed, hot- and cold-produced asphalt mixtures made up of recycled aggregates in substitution for natural filler and commercial recycled polymer pellets for dry mixture modification. The first step focused on the technical and environmental compatibility assessment of the construction and demolition waste (CDW), jet grouting waste (JGW), fly ash (FA), and reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP). Then, three non-traditional mixtures were designed for the binder layer and three for the base layer and characterized in terms of the stiffness modulus. Asphalt pavement design allowed for the definition of the functional units of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), which was applied to all of the pavement configurations under analysis in a “from cradle to grave” approach. The LCA results showed that the best performance was reached for the solutions involving a cold, in-place recycled mixture made up of RAP and JGW in the base layer, which lowered all the impact category indicators by 31% on average compared to those of the traditional pavement solution. Further considerations highlighted that the combination of a cold base layer with a hot asphalt mixture made up of CDW or FA in the binder layer also maximized the service life of the pavement solution, providing the best synergistic effect.
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Bilema, Munder, Mohamad Yusri Aman, Norhidayah Abdul Hassan, Zubair Ahmed Memon, Hend Ali Omar, Nur Izzi Md Yusoff, and Abdalrhman Milad. "Mechanical Performance of Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement Modified with Waste Frying Oil and Crumb Rubber." Materials 14, no. 11 (May 24, 2021): 2781. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14112781.
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Researchers are exploring the utilisation of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) as a recycled material to determine the performance of non-renewable natural aggregates and other road products such as asphalt binder, in the construction and rehabilitation stage of asphalt pavements. The addition of RAP in asphalt mixtures is a complex process and there is a need to understand the design of the asphalt mixture. Some of the problems associated with adding RAP to asphalt mixtures are moisture damage and cracking damage caused by poor adhesion between the aggregates and asphalt binder. There is a need to add rejuvenators to the recycled mixture containing RAP to enhance its performance, excepting the rutting resistance. This study sought to improve asphalt mixture performance and mechanism by adding waste frying oil (WFO) and crumb rubber (CR) to 25 and 40% of the RAP content. Moreover, the utilisation of CR and WFO improved pavement sustainability and rutting performance. In addition, this study prepared five asphalt mixture samples and compared their stiffness, moisture damage and rutting resistance with the virgin asphalt. The results showed enhanced stiffness and rutting resistance of the RAP but lower moisture resistance. The addition of WFO and CR restored the RAP properties and produced rutting resistance, moisture damage and stiffness, which were comparable to the virgin asphalt mixture. All waste and virgin materials produce homogeneous asphalt mixtures, which influence the asphalt mixture performance. The addition of a high amount of WFO and a small amount of CR enhanced pavement sustainability and rutting performance.
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Alharbi, Fawaz, Fahad Alshubrumi, Meshal Almoshaogeh, Husnain Haider, Ahmed Elragi, and Sherif Elkholy. "Sustainability Evaluation of Cold In-Place Recycling and Hot Mix Asphalt Pavements: A Case of Qassim, Saudi Arabia." Coatings 12, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings12010050.
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The construction of conventional hot mix asphalt (HMA) pavements results in a number of economic and environmental issues, such as the cost of new overlays and associated impacts on natural resources. Although the cold recycling with an emulsified asphalt-recycling agent holds certain benefits over the HMA, its implementation on different road types, ranging from farm-to-market roads to expressways, is yet contentious due to the need for sophisticated equipment and trained workforce. The present research developed a methodology to evaluate all the three dimensions of sustainability, including economic (construction cost), environmental (natural resource depletion), and social (need for advanced equipment and skilled labor) of various scenarios of RAP and conventional asphalt pavements. The present study evaluated an equivalent thickness of the Cold In-place Recycling (CIR) pavement, which behaves similar to HMA pavement under the influence of different traffic loads. Fifty CIR and HMA scenarios for different traffic volumes and pavement layers thicknesses were developed. Finally, the sustainability of all the scenarios was evaluated for traffic designation in Saudi Arabia using fuzzy-based multicriteria analysis. Ranking of scenarios found CIR as a more sustainable overlay option for the feeders, collectors, main urban streets, expressways, and heavily trafficked highways in industrial areas where ESALs (Equivalent Single Axle Loads) range between 2,000,000 and >31,000,000. Considering the limited availability of advanced equipment and skilled labor for CIR pavements, HMA was found be a more sustainable option for farm-to-market roads with the “very light” traffic class. The methodology will help the pavement managers in decision making regarding the selection of sustainable pavement technologies for different road types in Saudi Arabia and the rest of the world.
8
Al-Saffar, Zaid Hazim, Haryati Yaacob, Herda Yati Katman, Mohd Khairul Idham Mohd Satar, Munder Bilema, Ramadhansyah Putra Jaya, Ahmed Salama Eltwati, and Hassanain Radhi Radeef. "A Review on the Durability of Recycled Asphalt Mixtures Embraced with Rejuvenators." Sustainability 13, no. 16 (August 11, 2021): 8970. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13168970.
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Reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) has received much attention recently due to its increased use in hot mix asphalt (HMA) pavements to enhance pavement sustainability. The use of aged asphalt in RAP, which is highly oxidised and has lost its properties due to exposure to traffic loads and climatic conditions throughout its lifespan, can cause asphalt mixtures to stiffen and embrittle, thus negatively affecting the behaviour of asphalt mixtures. This issue may be resolved by including rejuvenating agents that can restore both physical and rheological properties of aged asphalt by increasing maltene fractions and decreasing asphaltene. However, the high restoration capacity of any kind of rejuvenating agent does not assure the durability of restored aged asphalt. This study explored the performance and durability of rejuvenated asphalt mixtures embedded with several types of rejuvenators identified from the extensive literature review. The study serves as a significant reference to predict future challenges in rejuvenating aged asphalt.
9
Rafi, Javaria, Mumtaz Kamal, Naveed Ahmad, Murryam Hafeez, Muhammad Faizan ul Haq, Syeda Aamara Asif, Faisal Shabbir, and Syed Bilal Ahmed Zaidi. "Performance Evaluation of Carbon Black Nano-Particle Reinforced Asphalt Mixture." Applied Sciences 8, no. 7 (July 10, 2018): 1114. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app8071114.
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Applications of nanotechnology in the pavement industry have increased rapidly during the last decade in order to enhance a pavement’s sustainability and durability. Conventional asphalt binder generally does not provide sufficient resistance against rutting at high temperatures. Carbon black nano-particles (CBNPs, produced by perennial mountain trees’ carbonization) were mixed into the performance grade (PG) 58 asphalt binder in this study. Conventional asphalt binder tests (penetration, ductility and softening point), frequency sweep, performance grading, and bitumen bond strength tests were conducted to study the enhancement in the properties of asphalt binder. Dynamic modulus and wheel tracking tests were also performed to investigate the effect of CBNPs on asphalt mixture properties. Experimental results demonstrated that preferred dosage of CBNPs in asphalt is 10% by weight of the bitumen. Results of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and storage stability tests validated homogenous and stable dispersion of CBNPs in the asphalt binder. Asphalt mixtures became stiffer and resistant to rutting at high temperatures by addition of CBNPs in asphalt binder. Significant improvement in bitumen aggregate bond strength was also observed by incorporating CBNPs. It is concluded that CBNPs can be used to effectively enhance the high-temperature performance and consequently the sustainability of flexible pavements.
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Cota, José, Cynthia Martínez-Lazcano, Marco Montoya-Alcaraz, Leonel García, Alejandro Mungaray-Moctezuma, and Alejandro Sánchez-Atondo. "Improvement in Durability and Service of Asphalt Pavements through Regionalization Methods: A Case Study in Baja California, Mexico." Sustainability 14, no. 9 (April 24, 2022): 5123. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14095123.
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The objective of this research is to develop a pavement design procedure that allows calibrating the design variables of asphalt pavements using regionalized conditions, to obtain efficient pavement performance for developing countries with limited resources and data. This study analyzes the roads of the state of Baja California, Mexico; where type structures are determined and the performance grade of the binder used in the manufacture of asphalt concrete is regionalized according to the weather conditions altitude, traffic, and quality of the available materials. In a complementary way, the economic incidence of pavements during its service life is analyzed, projecting the analysis with different pavement structures and damage coefficients. The results show that this approach favors the asphalt pavements that comply with the projected in its service life, reducing maintenance interventions and costs.
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Cota, José, Cynthia Martínez-Lazcano, Marco Montoya-Alcaraz, Leonel García, Alejandro Mungaray-Moctezuma, and Alejandro Sánchez-Atondo. "Improvement in Durability and Service of Asphalt Pavements through Regionalization Methods: A Case Study in Baja California, Mexico." Sustainability 14, no. 9 (April 24, 2022): 5123. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14095123.
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The objective of this research is to develop a pavement design procedure that allows calibrating the design variables of asphalt pavements using regionalized conditions, to obtain efficient pavement performance for developing countries with limited resources and data. This study analyzes the roads of the state of Baja California, Mexico; where type structures are determined and the performance grade of the binder used in the manufacture of asphalt concrete is regionalized according to the weather conditions altitude, traffic, and quality of the available materials. In a complementary way, the economic incidence of pavements during its service life is analyzed, projecting the analysis with different pavement structures and damage coefficients. The results show that this approach favors the asphalt pavements that comply with the projected in its service life, reducing maintenance interventions and costs.
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Yang, Hailu, Kai Yang, Yinghao Miao, Linbing Wang, and Chen Ye. "Comparison of Potential Contribution of Typical Pavement Materials to Heat Island Effect." Sustainability 12, no. 11 (June 10, 2020): 4752. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12114752.
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Pavement materials have significant influence on the urban heat island effect (UHIE). This paper presents a study on the potential effects of pavement materials on UHIE in a natural environment. Three typical pavement materials, including cement concrete, dense asphalt concrete and porous asphalt mixture, were selected to evaluate their anti-UHIE properties by testing. In this paper, heat island potential (HIP) is proposed as a new index to analyze the influence of pavement materials on UHIE. It is shown that the temperature inside a pavement distinctly depends on the depth, and varies, but is usually higher than the air temperature. Solar radiation in the daytime significantly contributes to the temperature of pavement surface and the upper part. The correlation becomes weak at the middle and the bottom of pavements. Among the three materials tested in this study, the anti-UHIE performance of cement concrete is significantly higher than that of the other asphalt mixtures, while the porous asphalt mixture is slightly better than the dense asphalt concrete in anti-UHIE.
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Lunkevičiūtė, Deimantė, Viktoras Vorobjovas, Pranciškus Vitta, and Donatas Čygas. "Research of the Luminance of Asphalt Pavements in Trafficked Areas." Sustainability 15, no. 3 (February 3, 2023): 2826. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15032826.
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A key factor for safe and comfortable driving on roads are properly reflective and well visible pavement surfaces at night. The brightness of the road pavement surface depends on the amount of light falling on it and the reflection properties of the road pavement surface at any point. The luminance of the pavement depends on its physical condition, age and type of pavement, direction of illumination, and observation conditions. Different pavements can have different reflection characteristics that depend on the surface texture, materials, and binder (type and quantity). Experimental research was carried out on the carriageways and bicycle paths of Vilnius city streets, which differ in color and age. The analysis of the research results showed differences between the surface reflectance characteristics of these pavements depending on the color of the pavement, surface conditions, and age. The reflection properties of red asphalt pavements are better than black ones when the pavement surface is wet or moist. The reduced luminance coefficients of the carriageway (asphalt pavement installed in 2021) are about 12% lower than those of the carriageway pavement installed 10 years ago and about 60% lower for wet and moist pavements. The results obtained from the research are significant for street designers when choosing the type of pavement and designing street lighting.
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Yang, Sunglin, Heebeom Park, and Cheolmin Baek. "Fatigue Cracking Characteristics of Asphalt Pavement Structure under Aging and Moisture Damage." Sustainability 15, no. 6 (March 8, 2023): 4815. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15064815.
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Structural characteristics influence assessment of fatigue cracking behavior. In the assessment of asphalt pavements, the asphalt structure and practical conditions must be considered. This study analyzes changes in the elastic modulus of the pavement of different asphalt mixtures amid aging and moisture damage through fatigue cracking tests. A model to predict the tensile strain at the bottom of the pavement layer is developed through a structural analysis based on the material properties. The results are comparatively analyzed using the Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Guide to predict the fatigue crack life. The test results indicate that moisture damage significantly influences the material properties of asphalt pavement and can accelerate pavement damage as the asphalt ages. The coefficient values of the proposed fatigue-life prediction model can be used to predict the fatigue life depending on the age of the asphalt and its moisture damage after aging. The degree of fatigue damage can be predicted by calculating the tensile strain using the regression equation and elastic modulus according to the aging and moisture damage.
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Ali, Mohammed Q., and Ganjeena J. Khoshnaw. "Influences of polymer modifiers on Porous Hot Asphalt Mixture Property and Durability." Polytechnic Journal 10, no. 2 (December 30, 2020): 126–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.25156/ptj.v10n2y2020.pp126-131.
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Fundamentally, sustainability and cost-effectiveness in infrastructure development have received widespread attention. Permeable pavement is such a concept that it is sustainable in the field of transportation and is being tested. Fully permeable pavement is a modern design method in which each layer is porous and can store water, avoiding the impact of stormwater on the pavement to avoid stormwater, skidding, floods, and water splash on the road and parking area which decrease safety rate. Porous asphalt (PA) is an asphalt mixture with a little or no fine aggregate. Due to open structures and advantages are used as a drainage layer in highway pavements in reducing noise and decreasing safety hazards during rainfall. Besides, it reduces splash and spray effects and thus increases the visibility. The main aim of this study is to analyze the influence of two asphalt modifier types: Styrene butadiene styrene (SBS) and propylene modifier polypropylene (PP), on porous hot asphalt mixture performance. The PA evaluation influence findings are based on permeability, durability, and Marshall stability-flow for hot asphalt mixture. The test results emphasize the modifier usage in reducing the abrasion loss and increasing the stability with enhancing the durability of PA. PA mixture binder prepared with 4% SBS and 4% PP modifier was the most polymer binder in modifying the abrasion resistance and stability of mixture in pavements.
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Plati, Christina, and Brad Cliatt. "A Sustainability Perspective for Unbound Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) as a Pavement Base Material." Sustainability 11, no. 1 (December 24, 2018): 78. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11010078.
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The present study aims to investigate reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) materials for utilization for a pavement base layer material with the goal towards increasing the reutilization of materials and the movement towards increased pavement sustainability. Reduced cost for materials and transportation of materials, overall environmental benefits and many other advantages have led to increased interests in utilizing RAP in pavements including as base materials for highway/roadway construction projects. The potential advantages of utilizing RAP as an unbound base material are known; however, its overall application is still limited partially due to the lack of systematic evaluation studies for the parameterization of RAPs mechanical behavior in pavement design. With this in mind, the current investigation focuses on the resilient modulus (Mr) properties of RAP aggregates in terms of a material’s elastic response. Experimental data from tri-axial stress tests on specimens consisting of RAP, aggregates and a mixture of both materials are investigated. A number of constitutive models for the description of mechanical behavior of RAP materials are investigated. The required procedures for determining the constitutive constants of the constitutive models is outlined for the aforementioned materials. A comparative analysis is applied, and the related results are evaluated. The main conclusion is that RAP materials can be utilized as a base material in the framework of pavement sustainability, as its behavior under loading conditions are similar to virgin aggregate (VA) materials and can be simulated by using appropriate constitutive models for pavement design processes.
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Eduardo da Silva, Jorge, Fabiana Rocha Pinto, Marina Hellen Maciel Torres, David Barbosa de Alencar, and Ricardo Silva Parente. "A Sustainability Analysis of Different Types of Asphalts." International Journal for Innovation Education and Research 7, no. 11 (November 30, 2019): 441–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.31686/ijier.vol7.iss11.1898.
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The present work aimed to analyze ecological asphalts, aiming at their influence on the tripod of sustainability in the social, environmental and economic spheres. The option of using eco-rubber asphalt and EVA as a raw material for paving roads and highways is a bet for a more resistant material that requires less nature degradation and easier maintenance. One of the main reasons for the degradation of flexible pavement is the wear caused by the time of use, as well as the traffic of vehicles carrying excessive loads. This study reports some alternatives to multiply the improvement of reverse logistics of waste tires and EVA (ethyl vinyl acetate) plastics, facing problems related to environmental impacts, which directly affect the Brazilian population. This project is important because it is directly linked to sustainability and the development of the environment, facing renewable and suitable alternatives to be employed, such as ecological asphalts, and their benefits. Among the benefits of ecological asphalt we can mention the contribution to the environment by reducing the amount of waste tires improperly discarded in nature and the durability of ecological asphalt compared to conventional asphalt where it showed greater resistance to climate fatigue. The research used the qualitative method being a study based on bibliographies, analyze and discuss the reuse of solid waste and the mitigation of environmental impacts through asphalt. Ecological asphalt seems to be more expensive than the bituminous asphalt used today, however it is environmentally friendly and its effectiveness, durability and safety are noticeable advantages.
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Milad, Abdalrhman, Ahmed Suliman B. Ali, Ali Mohammed Babalghaith, Zubair Ahmed Memon, Nuha S. Mashaan, Salaheddin Arafa, and Nur Izzi Md. Yusoff. "Utilisation of Waste-Based Geopolymer in Asphalt Pavement Modification and Construction—A Review." Sustainability 13, no. 6 (March 17, 2021): 3330. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13063330.
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The use of geopolymer in pavement constructions is strongly encouraged. Many studies have demonstrated the vast potential of using industrial-by-products-based geopolymers. This paper discusses the modification of asphalt binders with geopolymers, namely geopolymer-modified asphalt (GMA) and geopolymer-modified asphalt mixture (GMAM). In addition, curing geopolymer materials, engineering properties, production techniques, and prospective utilisation in the pavement construction, such as durability and sustainability, are also discussed. The literature review showed that many industrial by-products, including red mud, blast furnace slag, fly ash, and mine waste, are used to produce geopolymers because of the metal components such as silicon and aluminium in these materials. The geopolymers from these materials influence the rheological and physical properties of asphalt binders. Geopolymers can enhance asphalt mixture performance, such as stability, fatigue, rutting, and low-temperature cracking. The use of geopolymers in asphalt pavement has beneficial impacts on sustainability and economic and environmental benefits.
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Jiang, Qi, Fusong Wang, Quantao Liu, Jun Xie, and Shaopeng Wu. "Energy Consumption and Environment Performance Analysis of Induction-Healed Asphalt Pavement by Life Cycle Assessment (LCA)." Materials 14, no. 5 (March 5, 2021): 1244. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14051244.
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In this paper, the sustainability of induced healing asphalt pavement is demonstrated by comparing the impact of asphalt pavement maintained by induced healing asphalt pavement technology and traditional maintenance methods (such as milling and overlaying). The functional unit selected is a 1-km lane with an analysis period of 20 years. The stages to be considered are material manufacturing, paving, maintenance, milling and demolition. Two case studies were analyzed to assess the impact of different technologies on the energy consumption and environmental performance of each maintenance alternative. By comparing the energy consumption and environmental emissions of the whole life cycle of pavement under the two technical conditions, the results show that the total energy consumption of traditional asphalt pavement is about 2.5 times that of induction-healed asphalt pavement, and the total greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of the former are twice as much as that of the latter.
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Kim, Dong-Hyuk, Ha-Yeong Kim, Ki-Hoon Moon, and Jin-Hoon Jeong. "Prediction of Fracture Toughness of Intermediate Layer of Asphalt Pavements Using Artificial Neural Network." Sustainability 14, no. 13 (June 29, 2022): 7927. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14137927.
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For the sustainable management of pavements, predicting the condition of the pavement structure using a consistent and accurate method is necessary. The intermediate layer situated immediately below the surface layer has the greatest effect on the condition of the pavement structure. As a result, to accurately predict the condition of a pavement structure, the mechanistic properties of the intermediate layer are very important. Fracture toughness (FT)—a mechanistic property of the intermediate layer—is an important factor in predicting the distress that develops on the pavement surface. However, measuring FT consistently is practically impossible by coring asphalt pavement over the entire pavement section. Therefore, an artificial neural network (ANN) model—developed by using pavement surface conditions and traffic volume—can predict the FT of the intermediate layer of expressway asphalt pavements. Several ANN models have been developed by applying various optimizers, ANN structures, and preprocessing methods. The optimal model was selected by analyzing the predictive performance, error stability, and distribution of the developed models. The final selected model showed small stable errors, and the distributions of the predicted and measured FTs were similar. Furthermore, FT limits were set with outliers. Future asphalt pavement conditions can be predicted throughout the expressway network by using the proposed model without coring samples.
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Wang, Shuguang. "Design of performance evaluation model for warm mix recycled asphalt pavement based on fuzzy decision algorithm." Thermal Science 25, no. 6 Part A (2021): 4051–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci2106051w.
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In order to improve the accuracy and comprehensiveness of asphalt pavement performance evaluation, a performance evaluation model based on warm mixed recycled asphalt pavement was proposed. Based on the evaluation indexes such as pavement quality, pavement damage, pavement structure bearing capacity, pavement skid resistance, pavement rutting and pavement comprehensive performance, the performance evaluation system of warm mixed recycled asphalt pavement was established. According to the standard numerical characteristics of asphalt pavement performance evaluation index, the subjection function of asphalt pavement performance is constructed. The trapezoidal and semi-trapezoidal distribution functions are obtained, and the membership functions of each distribution section are established. Considering the comprehensiveness, fuzziness and complexity of the evaluation, the fuzzy decision algorithm is introduced to determine the interval weight of each index, and the structure is quantified according to the evaluation index. The membership function and fuzzy subset are established. The evaluation standard and evaluation level are determined based on fuzzy relation matrix, and the pavement performance is evaluated. The experimental results show that the evaluation results of this model are accurate and reliable, and it has obvious advantages in application.
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Rondón-Quintana, Hugo Alexander, Juan Carlos Ruge-Cárdenas, and Carlos Alfonso Zafra-Mejía. "Natural Asphalts in Pavements: Review." Sustainability 15, no. 3 (January 22, 2023): 2098. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15032098.
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Natural asphalts (NAs) can be an economical and environmental alternative in pavement construction. Most studies have investigated them as binder and asphalt mixture modifiers due to their high compatibility with conventional asphalts. In this article, some of the studies carried out on the use of NA in pavements are summarized and described in a chronological order. The main aspects described in the reviewed studies were the type of asphalt binder or modified mixture, the type and content of the modifier, the manufacturing processes of the asphalt or modified mixture, tests performed, and main results or conclusions. In general terms, NAs show better performance as binder and asphalt mixture modifiers in high-temperature climates. Additionally, they tend to improve water and ageing resistance. As main limitations, it is reported that NAs tend to negatively affect the workability and performance of asphalt mixtures in low-temperature climates. Finally, recommendations for future study topics are provided at the end of this paper.
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Alfayez, Saud A., Ahmed R. Suleiman, and Moncef L. Nehdi. "Recycling Tire Rubber in Asphalt Pavements: State of the Art." Sustainability 12, no. 21 (October 31, 2020): 9076. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12219076.
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The use of recycled tire rubber in asphalt pavements to improve the overall performance, economy, and sustainability of pavements has gained considerable attention over the last few decades. Several studies have indicated that recycled tire rubber can reduce the permanent deformation of flexible pavements and enhance its resistance to rutting, reduce pavement construction and maintenance costs, and improve the resistance to fatigue damage. This paper provides a systematic and critical overview of the research on and practice of using recycled tire rubber in asphalt pavements in terms of engineering properties, performance, and durability assessment. This critical analysis of the state-of-the-art should enhance the understanding of using recycled tire rubber in asphalt pavements, define pertinent recommendations, identify knowledge gaps, and highlight the need for concerted future research.
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Perucca, Massimo, Lucia Capuano, Giacomo Magatti, Francesca Rosa, and Paride Mantecca. "Environmental Performance of Road Asphalts Modified with End-of-Life Hard Plastics and Graphene: Strategies for Improving Sustainability." Processes 10, no. 10 (October 21, 2022): 2151. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr10102151.
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Road construction takes a heavy toll on the environment. Therefore, innovative strategies to improve the environmental performances of this sector are needed, and the use of recycled materials (e.g., plastic) has been recently pursued to achieve this goal. The present work aims to (i) assess the environmental benefits deriving from the use of recycled hard plastics in combination with graphene to generate a new bitumen modifier and related asphalt mixture (AM) formulations (ii) to compare the performance of the bitumen modified using this new modifier with the bitumen modified using a traditional polymer (Styrene-Butadiene-Styrene, SBS) and the non-modified bitumen. A detailed Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) study was performed according to a cradle-to-cradle approach. Different scenarios were compared, including the variability of the pavement’s layers thickness and the amount of reclaimed asphalt pavement during the road maintenance cycles. The results demonstrated that the addition of the innovative modifier enhanced the structural performance of AMs, which turns into pavement extended durability, reduced maintenance cycles as well as into reduction in raw material use. The innovative asphalt modifier also creates a synergistic effect by offering a valuable alternative to hard plastic incineration by using it as a secondary raw material. This analysis allowed us to indicate the new-modified AM as the solution with the least environmental burden in all impact categories, suggesting its significant role in implementing new strategies to improve the environmental sustainability of road pavements.
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Praticò, Filippo G., Marinella Giunta, Marina Mistretta, and Teresa Maria Gulotta. "Energy and Environmental Life Cycle Assessment of Sustainable Pavement Materials and Technologies for Urban Roads." Sustainability 12, no. 2 (January 18, 2020): 704. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12020704.
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Recycled and low-temperature materials are promising solutions to reduce the environmental burden deriving from hot mix asphalts. Despite this, there is lack of studies focusing on the assessment of the life-cycle impacts of these promising technologies. Consequently, this study deals with the life cycle assessment (LCA) of different classes of pavement technologies, based on the use of bituminous mixes (hot mix asphalt and warm mix asphalt) with recycled materials (reclaimed asphalt pavements, crumb rubber, and waste plastics), in the pursuit of assessing energy and environmental impacts. Analysis is developed based on the ISO 14040 series. Different scenarios of pavement production, construction, and maintenance are assessed and compared to a reference case involving the use of common paving materials. For all the considered scenarios, the influence of each life-cycle phase on the overall impacts is assessed to the purpose of identifying the phases and processes which produce the greatest impacts. Results show that material production involves the highest contribution (about 60–70%) in all the examined impact categories. Further, the combined use of warm mix asphalts and recycled materials in bituminous mixtures entails lower energy consumption and environmental impacts due to a reduction of virgin bitumen and aggregate consumption, which involves a decrease in the consumption of primary energy and raw materials, and reduced impacts for disposal. LCA results demonstrate that this methodology is able to help set up strategies for eco-design in the pavement sector.
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Pouranian, M. Reza, and Mehdi Shishehbor. "Sustainability Assessment of Green Asphalt Mixtures: A Review." Environments 6, no. 6 (June 20, 2019): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/environments6060073.
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During recent decade, the pavement sustainability has received much attention by road agencies, companies, governments and research institutes. The aim of this paper is to introduce and evaluate the sustainability of the technologies developed or underdeveloped to address environmental issues of asphalt mixtures, and the waste materials and by-products that can be recycled and reused in asphalt production. Warm Mix Asphalt (WMA) technology, the most popular waste materials to substitute neat binder (crumb rubber modifier (CRM), recycled plastic (RP), vacuum tower bottoms (VTB)) and/or virgin aggregates (reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP), reclaimed asphalt shingles (RAs), construction and demolition (C and D) wastes, steel and copper slags), and bio-binders were evaluated with respect to their environmental and economic benefits and engineering performance as the main components of pavement sustainability. The performance evaluation was carried out by examining rutting, moisture susceptibility, thermal and fatigue cracking resistance. Two main environmental impacts, greenhouse gas (GHG) emission, and energy consumption were considered to study the environmental effects of these technologies and materials. Additionally, the economic effect was investigated considering initial cost and long-term benefit. Results of investigation illustrated that although each individual technology and waste material is valuable in terms of performance and/or the environment, specific combinations such as WMA + RAP, WMA + CRM, RAP + CRM, and WMA + CRM + RAP lead to further benefits. Notably, these combinations suffer from a lack of comprehensive economic analysis, thus, their sustainability cannot be fully assessed and is prone to future studies.
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Hall, Kevin D., and Charles W. Schwartz. "Development of Structural Design Guidelines for Porous Asphalt Pavement." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2672, no. 40 (December 2018): 197–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198118758335.
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Porous asphalt pavements allow designers to introduce more sustainability into projects and lessen their environmental impact. Current design procedures are based primarily on hydrologic considerations; comparatively little attention has been paid to their structural design aspects. As their use grows, a design procedure and representative material structural properties are needed to ensure that porous pavements do not deteriorate excessively under traffic loads. The objective of this project was to develop a simple, easy to apply design procedure for the structural design of porous asphalt pavements. Two methodologies were considered for such a structural design procedure: ( a) the 1993 AASHTO Pavement Design Guide empirical approach, and ( b) the mechanistic–empirical approach employed by the AASHTOWare Pavement ME Design software. A multifactor evaluation indicated the empirical 1993 AASHTO design procedure to be the most appropriate platform at this time. It is noted, however, that both design procedures lack validation of porous asphalt pavements against field performance. AASHTO design parameters and associated material characteristics are recommended, based on an extensive literature review. For “thin” open-graded base structures (12 in. or less), the AASHTO procedure is performed as published in the 1993 Guide. For “thick” base structures (>12 in.), the base/subgrade combination is considered a composite system which supports the porous asphalt layer; an equivalent deflection-based approach is described to estimate the composite resilient modulus of the foundation system, prior to applying the 1993 AASHTO design procedure.
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Nicuţă, Alina Mihaela. "Featuring Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement Integration in Warm Mix Asphalt towards Roads Sustainable Development." Advanced Materials Research 649 (January 2013): 242–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.649.242.
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The evaluation of energy savings in the area of transport infrastructure entails a complex characterization of factors, attitudes and consequences. In the frame of energy saving approach, must be identified sustainable alternatives and solutions for road asphalt pavements production and exploitation. Finding innovative materials is one major objective in this process. In the present paper has been carried out an evaluation of the energetically and environmental benefits of warm mix asphalt (WMA) compositions that incorporate reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) and their contribution to roads sustainable development. For a proper analysis and reliable results, have been used the Life Cycle Assessment methodology and asPECT software. WMA integrating RAP are known as energy – saving and environmentally friendly asphalt roads pavements. Analyzed in a comparative perspective with hot mix asphalt (HMA) incorporating RAP, WMA would gain in results due to the decrease in mixing and compaction temperature, energy consumption and emissions but also to the increase in durability, quality and performance. The results of this comparison intended to point out an alternative that would provide an increase in the sustainability of the transport infrastructure sector.
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Hand, Adam J. T., Prathapan Ragavan, Nicole G. Elias, Elie Y. Hajj, and Peter E. Sebaaly. "Evaluation of Low Volume Roads Surfaced with 100% RAP Millings." Materials 15, no. 21 (October 25, 2022): 7462. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15217462.
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The sustainability of roadway construction has rapidly been gaining attention within the pavement industry. The pavements examined in this study are in a Northern Nevada county with many of the roadways categorized as low volume roads. The county began surfacing rural roads with 100% Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) millings, without any design considerations for decades. These pavements have provided satisfactory performance with little to no maintenance for their intended purpose for 25–30 years. The presented research revealed RAP milling surfaced roads with layer coefficients between 0.18 and 0.30, and design thicknesses ranging from 5 to 11 inches.
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Li, Li, Ziqi Zou, Tingting Zhou, Xiaoqing Zhou, and Qingliang Li. "Simulation and Analysis of Influencing Factors of Pavement Thermal Environments in Guangzhou." Sustainability 14, no. 12 (June 14, 2022): 7251. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14127251.
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Pavements are closely related to the livelihoods of urban residents as an important part of the urban road system. Based on the early field measurements of our team, we found that plant spacing, pavement orientation, and pavement material influence the pavement thermal environment. Our objective was to quantitatively evaluate the influence of various factors on pavements in Guangzhou along West Zhonghuan Road, Guangzhou University. Based on our team’s previous research, environment-met (ENVI-MET) numerical simulation software was used to simulate pavements under different road orientations, underlying surface materials, and plant distances. Quantitative analysis of the effects of different factor combinations on the temperature, humidity, wind speed, physiological equivalent temperature (PET), and radiant temperature (Tmrt) was performed. The results show that among the various factors affecting the thermal environment of pavement, street tree spacing was found to have the greatest effect on the thermal environment of pavement. The effect of direction is negligible; however, it has a significant effect on the wind speed. There was no significant difference in the air temperature and relative humidity between concrete and asphalt. The average air temperature of red floor tile was slightly lower than that of asphalt and concrete. Reducing the spacing of street trees can effectively reduce the penetration of direct solar radiation, physiological equivalent temperature (PET), and temperature (Tmrt) and improve pedestrian walking comfort. The results can serve as a reference for pavement design in Guangzhou and improve the wellbeing of citizens and promote environmental sustainability.
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Mantalovas, Konstantinos, and Gaetano Di Mino. "The Sustainability of Reclaimed Asphalt as a Resource for Road Pavement Management through a Circular Economic Model." Sustainability 11, no. 8 (April 13, 2019): 2234. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11082234.
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The transition of the road engineering industry to a circular way of doing business requires more efficient and sustainable resources, energy, and waste management. The rates in which reclaimed asphalt is being recycled or reused in the asphalt mixture production process constitutes a crucial parameter in this transition. This paper aims at establishing a further step towards the combined circularity and sustainability of asphalt pavements, by introducing a framework for quantifying their Material Circularity Index. The framework is based on the methodology proposed by the Ellen MacArthur Foundation and accordingly tailored for the context of asphalt pavements. This study, thus, attempts to provide a thorough analysis of the Reclaimed Asphalt’s recycling rates and trends on a European scale and to identify whether the efficiency of the current recycling practices is adequate or not. Moreover, a case study has been undertaken in order to quantify the Material Circularity index of the asphalt pavements forming Italy’s motorway network, following the proposed framework. For representative and accuracy reasons, the Material Circularity index of wearing, binder, and base courses has been calculated separately, and the results interestingly indicate that the base course exhibits the highest rates of circularity.
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Tutu, Kenneth A., and Yaw A. Tuffour. "Warm-Mix Asphalt and Pavement Sustainability: A Review." Open Journal of Civil Engineering 06, no. 02 (2016): 84–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ojce.2016.62008.
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Tóth, Csaba, and Péter Primusz. "New Hungarian Mechanistic-Empirical Design Procedure for Asphalt Pavements." Baltic Journal of Road and Bridge Engineering 15, no. 1 (March 17, 2020): 161–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.7250/bjrbe.2020-15.466.
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Certain elements of the currently used Hungarian pavement design method are based on the mechanistic-empirical pavement design principles, although they are not always readily implemented in practice. When designing a new pavement structure, it is only possible to select predetermined composition from a catalogue. The use of the Hungarian design catalogue is unquestionably comfortable, but nowadays special requirements (e.g. economy, sustainability) have been formulated as well. Those requirements increasingly call for the development of a method that can be used under Hungarian conditions, which can provide for the employment of various material properties. Instead of offering a predefined solution it needs to provide a useful tool for designers to enable realistic comparisons of engineering alternatives. This paper introduces the results of an ongoing research that aims to provide an alternative procedure for the design of newly constructed asphalt pavements. It establishes the framework for better characterization of the material properties of the natural subgrade and bound pavement layers compared to the utilization of predetermined designs. It also provides opportunity to consider local, environmental, geographical and other conditions and innovative building and technology capabilities.
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Moretti, Laura, Giuseppe Cantisani, Marco Carpiceci, Antonio D’Andrea, Giulia Del Serrone, Paola Di Mascio, Paolo Peluso, and Giuseppe Loprencipe. "Investigation of Parking Lot Pavements to Counteract Urban Heat Islands." Sustainability 14, no. 12 (June 14, 2022): 7273. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14127273.
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Urban heat islands (UHI) are one of the unequivocal effects of the ongoing process of climate change: anthropized areas suffer extreme heat events that affect the human perception of comfort. This study investigated the effects of road pavements as a passive countermeasure by comparing the air temperature (AT) and the predicted mean vote (PMV) for different surface materials used to pave a historical square in Rome, Italy. The software ENVI-met has been used to compare, for the whole year 2021, the performances of the existing asphalt pavement with five alternative solutions composed of light concrete, bricks, stone, wood, and grass. This paper proposed a new methodology to summarize the multi-dimensional results over both temporal and spatial domains. The results of the simulations in the evening of the hottest month showed the existing asphalt pavement gives the worst performance, while the light concrete blocks and the grass pavement ensure the coolest solutions in terms of AT (the average AT is 32 °C for the asphalt pavement and 30 °C for the modular one) and PMV (the maximum PMV value is 4.6 for the asphalt pavement and 4.4 for the modular and grass ones).
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Siverio Lima, Mayara S., Mohsen Hajibabaei, Sina Hesarkazzazi, Robert Sitzenfrei, Alexander Buttgereit, Cesar Queiroz, Viktors Haritonovs, and Florian Gschösser. "Determining the Environmental Potentials of Urban Pavements by Applying the Cradle-to-Cradle LCA Approach for a Road Network of a Midscale German City." Sustainability 13, no. 22 (November 12, 2021): 12487. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su132212487.
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This study used a cradle-to-cradle Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) approach to evaluate the environmental potentials of urban pavements. For this purpose, the urban road network of the City of Münster (Germany) was selected as the case study, and comprehensive data for several phases were collected. The entire road network is composed of flexible pavements designed according to specific traffic loads and consists of main roads (MRs), main access roads (MARs), and residential roads (RSDTs). Asphalt materials, pavement structures, and maintenance strategies are predefined for each type of road and are referred to as “traditional” herein. Some pavement structures have two possible maintenance strategies, denoted by “A” and “B”, with distinguished periods of intervention. To evaluate the impact of using recycled materials, we considered alternative pavement structures composed of asphalt materials containing a greater amount of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP). The study was carried out considering analysis periods of 20, 50, 80, and 100 years and using two indicators: non-renewable cumulative energy demand (nr-CED) and global warming potential (GWP). The results show that the use of higher amounts of RAP can mitigate negative environmental impacts and that certain structures and maintenance strategies potentially enhance the environmental performance of road pavements. This article suggests initiatives that will facilitate the decision-making process of city administrators to achieve more sustainable road pavement constructions and provides an essential dataset inventory to support future environmental assessment studies, particularly for European cities.
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Zou, Ling, Yan Zhang, and Bangyi Liu. "Aging Characteristics of Asphalt Binder under Strong Ultraviolet Irradiation in Northwest China." Sustainability 13, no. 19 (September 28, 2021): 10753. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su131910753.
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Asphalt pavement is significantly affected by ultraviolet (UV) aging. Therefore, the establishment of an asphalt UV aging evaluation system is desirable for highway construction in areas which experience strong UV radiation. In this study, Dunhuang City in Gansu Province (northwest China) was used as the research site. Base and SBS modified asphalts were selected, and their performance changes before and after UV aging were studied. An asphalt UV aging evaluation system was established, including the conditions for an indoor, accelerated UV aging test as well as evaluation indicators. The results showed that the adverse effect of UV aging on asphalt performance was greater than that of RTFOT and PAV, and that the low-temperature performance of asphalt degraded most rapidly. SBS modified asphalt was more resistant to UV aging than base asphalt, while 60/80 pen grade base asphalt was found to be unsuitable for use on pavements which are exposed to strong UV radiation. The residual penetration, penetration attenuation index at 25 °C, and residual ductility of the asphalt were used as indicators to characterize the aging of asphalt, while the fracture energy method was used as a supplementary evaluation method.
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Ben Zair, Mohamed Meftah, Fauzan Mohd Jakarni, Ratnasamy Muniandy, and Salihudin Hassim. "A Brief Review: Application of Recycled Polyethylene Terephthalate in Asphalt Pavement Reinforcement." Sustainability 13, no. 3 (January 27, 2021): 1303. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13031303.
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Plastic is considered one of the most significant industrial inventions of this era due to its excellent properties, which lend well to many manufacturing applications. These days, there are tons of Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) waste products that are generated around the world. This waste presents a real environmental hazard because PET is not biodegradable. This paper delineates the physical and chemical properties of PET to justify its use as an additive and aggregate replacement in the manufacture of asphalt mixtures. Furthermore, discusses details of PET-modified asphalt mixture by a dry and wet process with sufficient information to better understand the mixture. Several critical matters are investigated, such as asphalt modification to increase resistance to fatigue, rutting deformation, and moisture sensitivity. These results are important for determining the factors that significantly improve pavement mixture characteristics. The findings show that the addition of PET to asphalt mixtures yielded very promising results. PET enhanced the mechanical properties, the durability, and the long-term sustainability of the pavement. Finally, using PET waste as an additive in asphalt mixtures could serve as an environmentally friendly method to dispose of PET waste while simultaneously producing high-quality pavements.
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Tayyab, Saad, Arshad Hussain, Fazal Haq, and Afaq Khattak. "Performance Evaluation of Fatigue and Fracture Resistance of WMA Containing High Percentages of RAP." Civil Engineering Journal 7, no. 9 (September 1, 2021): 1529–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.28991/cej-2021-03091741.
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Sustainability and durability are the key requirements of pavement structure. Sustainability of asphalt pavement structure involves utilization of Warm Mix Asphalt (WMA) technologies with the addition of Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP), where durability of asphalt involves performance parameters like fatigue and fracture resistance properties etc. Utilizing the RAP content in asphalt mix increases the mixing and compaction temperature which may degrade the performance of asphalt. Hence, numerous studies have recommended different WMA technologies to decrease mixing and compaction temperature of asphalt mix containing RAP. The present research work evaluates the fatigue and fracture performance of WMA and Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA) with varying percentages of RAP and Sasobit. Different mixes of WMA and HMA were designed with varying percentages of RAP (0, 20, 40 and 60%) through Marshall Mix design. Sasobit (organic/wax-based additive) was used as WMA technology to prepare WMA at varying percentages (0, 2, 4 and 6%). The fatigue behavior of asphalt was evaluated using four-point bending test, where fracture resistance of asphalt was determined using Semi Circular Bending (SCB) test in the laboratory. Fatigue and fracture resistance of WMA were improved with the increase in percentages of Sasobit and RAP content, while the addition of RAP in HMA showed a decreasing trend of fatigue and fracture resistance due to the stiffer nature of RAP. Furthermore, WMA was identified as economical for construction besides other benefits like improved properties and environment friendly asphalt mix. Doi: 10.28991/cej-2021-03091741 Full Text: PDF
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Zhao, Yunpeng, Dimitrios Goulias, and Dominique Peterson. "Recycled Asphalt Pavement Materials in Transport Pavement Infrastructure: Sustainability Analysis & Metrics." Sustainability 13, no. 14 (July 20, 2021): 8071. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13148071.
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Transportation infrastructure is one of the largest consumers of natural materials. To improve the environmental quality and sustainable development of transportation infrastructure, it is important to implement sustainable strategies in pavement construction and rehabilitation. The use of recycled materials is a key element in generating sustainable pavement designs to save natural resources, reduce energy, greenhouse gas emissions, and costs. The objective of this study was to propose a methodology for assessing the environmental and economic life-cycle benefits when using recycled asphalt pavement (RAP) materials in highway projects. Previous studies on life cycle analysis (LCA) using RAP focused on the economics and/or environmental impacts during the material production process. Thus, there is a need to consider sustainability analysis at all stages of construction and rehabilitation during the performance period of pavement structures. This study addresses this need with the proposed methodology. The suggested approach could be potentially implemented in a pavement management system (PMS) so as to introduce sustainability principles in optimizing alternative rehabilitation strategies. The methodology includes various steps for the analysis, starting with condition assessment of the existing highway, identifying alternative structural pavement designs, predicting service life, setting up alternative rehabilitation strategies, and conducting life cycle environmental and economic analysis. To demonstrate the value of the methodology, a comparative parametric study was conducted on two real case study projects representing actual field conditions for primary roads in Maryland. These case studies were used in order to quantify the economic savings and environmental benefits of using different levels of RAP in highway rehabilitation. The results of the analysis indicate that incorporating RAP in pavement rehabilitation can contribute substantially to cost savings and environmental impact reduction (e.g., greenhouse gas emission, energy, water, and hazardous waste). The benefits illustrated in this study are expected to encourage wide adoption of the proposed methodology and the use of recycled materials in highway construction and rehabilitation. The methodology is transferable where similar materials and highway construction techniques are used.
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Shi, Xijun, Anol Mukhopadhyay, and Dan Zollinger. "Sustainability assessment for portland cement concrete pavement containing reclaimed asphalt pavement aggregates." Journal of Cleaner Production 192 (August 2018): 569–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.05.004.
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Cheraghian, Goshtasp, Michael P. Wistuba, Sajad Kiani, Ali Behnood, Masoud Afrand, and Andrew R. Barron. "Engineered nanocomposites in asphalt binders." Nanotechnology Reviews 11, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 1047–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ntrev-2022-0062.
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Abstract Recently, nanotechnology has been effectively used in the field of road pavement. Oxidation and aging of asphalt cause deterioration of road pavements and increase asphalt-related emissions. We propose an anti-aging strategy to interrupt the asphalt deterioration by using engineered clay/fumed silica nanocomposites. In this research, the morphological, chemical, thermal, mechanical, and rheological properties of nano-modified asphalt binders are meticulously analyzed in various conditions. The experiment results proved that this composite efficiently disrupts the chemical oxidation and decomposition in the mixture and reduces the aging rate. Remarkably, asphalt binder rheology experiments revealed that the addition of 0.2–0.3 wt% of nano-reinforced materials maximized their rheological resistance after short- and long-term aging. Moreover, nanoparticles improve the moisture resistance efficiency and in turn overcome the critical issue of moisture in low production temperature within the framework of warm mix asphalt technology. This cost-effective, facile, and scalable approach in warm mix asphalt mixtures can contribute to increased sustainability and lifespan of pavements and a reduction in greenhouse gas emissions.
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Tahami, Seyed Amid, Mohammadreza Gholikhani, and Samer Dessouky. "Thermoelectric Energy Harvesting System for Roadway Sustainability." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2674, no. 2 (February 2020): 135–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198120905575.
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Asphalt pavement is continuously exposed to solar radiation, which can heat the asphalt up to 60 to 70°C because of the high absorptivity of its black materials. This potential source of energy has gone unused but has recently attracted attention for its potential to be collected as a renewable and clean energy source. In this paper, a novel thermoelectric roadway energy harvester is introduced that can be inserted into pavement to scavenge electrical energy from thermal energy. The energy harvester system consists of different components, including a thermoelectric generator (TEG), an L-shaped heat conductor plate, a heat sink filled with phase change material, and an insulation box. Finite element analysis and experimental testing in the laboratory were conducted to evaluate the performance of this harvesting system. Different parameters that could affect the power output were investigated, such as asphalt slab temperature (e.g., 45°C, 55°C, 65°C), type of TEG module, number of TEG modules, and TEG configurations. The results indicate that the system is capable of producing sufficient energy to run low-powered electrical equipment used in transportation infrastructure.
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Espinoza, Javier, Cristian Medina, Alejandra Calabi-Floody, Elsa Sánchez-Alonso, Gonzalo Valdés, and Andrés Quiroz. "Evaluation of Reductions in Fume Emissions (VOCs and SVOCs) from Warm Mix Asphalt Incorporating Natural Zeolite and Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement for Sustainable Pavements." Sustainability 12, no. 22 (November 17, 2020): 9546. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12229546.
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Conventional asphalt mixtures used for road paving require high manufacturing temperatures and therefore high energy expenditure, which has a negative environmental impact and creates risk in the workplace owing to high emissions of pollutants, greenhouse gases, and toxic fumes. Reducing energy consumption and emissions is a continuous challenge for the asphalt industry. Previous studies have focused on the reduction of emissions without characterizing their composition, and detailed characterization of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs) in asphalt fumes is scarce. This communication describes the characterization and evaluation of VOCs and SVOCs from asphalt mixtures prepared at lower production temperatures using natural zeolite; in some cases, reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) was used. Fumes were extracted from different asphalt mix preparations using a gas syringe and then injected into hermetic gas sample bags. The compounds present in the fumes were sampled with a fiber and analyzed by gas-liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC/MS). In general, the preparation of warm mix asphalts (WMA) using RAP and natural zeolite as aggregates showed beneficial effects, reducing VOCs and SVOCs compared to hot mix asphalts (HMA). The fumes captured presented a similar composition to those from HMA, consisting principally of saturated and unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons and aromatic compounds but with few halogenated compounds and no polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Thus, the paving mixtures described here are a friendlier alternative for the environment and for the health of road workers, in addition to permitting the re-use of RAP.
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Enieb, M., Mohammed Abbas Hasan Al-Jumaili, Hamid Athab Eedan Al-Jameel, and A. S. Eltwati. "Sustainability of using reclaimed asphalt pavement: based-reviewed evidence." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1973, no. 1 (August 1, 2021): 012242. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1973/1/012242.
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Hossain, Md Fahim Tanvir, Samer Dessouky, Ayetullah B. Biten, Arturo Montoya, and Daniel Fernandez. "Harvesting Solar Energy from Asphalt Pavement." Sustainability 13, no. 22 (November 19, 2021): 12807. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su132212807.
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This study aims at designing and developing a new technique to harvest solar energy from asphalt pavements. The proposed energy harvester system consists of a pavement solar box with a transparent polycarbonate sample and a thin-film solar panel. This device mechanism can store energy in a battery charged over daytime and later convert it into electric power as per demand. A wide range of polycarbonate samples containing different thicknesses, elastic moduli, and light transmission properties were tested to select the most efficient materials for the energy harvester system. Transmittance Spectroscopy was conducted to determine the percent light transmission property of the polycarbonate samples at different wavelengths in the visible spectrum. Finite Element Analysis modeling of the pavement–tire load system was conducted to design the optimal energy harvester system under static load. It was followed by the collection of data on the generated power under different weather conditions. The energy harvesters were also subjected to vehicular loads in the field. The results suggest that the proposed pavement solar box can generate an average of 23.7 watts per square meter continuously over 6 h a day under sunny conditions for the weather circumstances encountered in South Texas while providing a slightly smaller power output in other weather circumstances. It is a promising self-powered and low-cost installation technique that can be implemented at pedestrian crossings and intersections to alert distracted drivers at the time of pedestrian crossing, which is likely to improve pedestrian safety.
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López-Molina, Martín, David Llopis-Castelló, Ana María Pérez-Zuriaga, Carlos Alonso-Troyano, and Alfredo García. "Skid Resistance Analysis of Urban Bike Lane Pavements for Safe Micromobility." Sustainability 15, no. 1 (December 30, 2022): 698. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15010698.
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The use of micromobility vehicles is considerably growing in cities worldwide. As a result, crashes involving these vehicles are also increasing, with single-bicycle crashes accounting for a significant percentage. In most infrastructure-related crashes, the road surface was slippery. In this context, the study of pavement skid resistance is crucial to improve micromobility safety. In this research, the British pendulum tester was used to test the skid resistance of 5 different types of pavements on 17 bike lane locations in Valencia (Spain). Additionally, micromobility users’ speed was collected to analyse users’ behaviour. The results showed that asphalt, concrete, and rough painted tile pavements had the greatest skid resistance, whereas painted cobble and smooth painted tile pavements presented poor skid resistance. These values were compared with the limits set by the few guidelines that includes skid resistance thresholds. Moreover, skid resistance variability was also studied, with asphalt pavement being the most homogeneous. Based on the results of the research, several recommendations are proposed for the pavement to be used in the micromobility facility according to its typology. To this end, the investigatory level of skid resistance and the minimum braking distance required were also defined for each type of pavement and bike lane. The findings of this study contribute to the consideration of micromobility safety from the construction stage to the pavement management.
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Partl, Manfred N. "Quest for improving service life of asphalt roads." RILEM Technical Letters 4 (April 23, 2020): 154–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.21809/rilemtechlett.2019.102.
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Selected results and initiatives in modern asphalt pavement research for increasing service life of asphalt pavements under the aspect of sustainability and multifunctional use of roads are summarized. Focus lies on innovative approaches and own experience, jointly elaborated during the last decades within the road engineering/sealing components lab at Empa and both the highway/railways engineering and building materials group at KTH. This includes material concepts and design as well as pavement system and construction aspects from an experimental and modelling point of view. It includes also the application of powerful experimental and computational tools, such as Atomic-Force-Microscopy (AFM), X-Ray-Computer-Tomography (CT), Digital-Imaging-Correlation (DIC) and Discrete-Element-Method (DEM). As for materials, recycling issues and the use of Phase-Change-Materials (PCM) or metallic ingredients for inductive thermal crack healing are addressed. In order to remind that material design must also account for the workability during the process of compaction, the new Compaction-Flow-Test (CFT) developed at KTH is shortly presented. Innovative ideas for structural material composition are also mentioned, such as “artificial aggregates” or “additive manufacturing”, being aware that there is still a long way to go. Regarding pavement systems, ideas for multifunctional road applications are proposed. Focus is also put on special issues, such as construction joints.
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Miao, Yinghao, Jiajia Sheng, and Jin Ye. "An Assessment of the Impact of Temperature Rise Due to Climate Change on Asphalt Pavement in China." Sustainability 14, no. 15 (July 23, 2022): 9044. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14159044.
Full textAbstract:
In the global warming context, understanding the impact of temperature rise on asphalt pavement is the basis for making adaptation strategies. An approach based on historical climate data and pavement performance models was employed to assess the potential impact of temperature rise on asphalt pavement in China. It is shown that permanent deformation is one sensitive aspect of asphalt pavement performance, which increased on average by 20.70% from 1992 to 2019. Another one is low-temperature cracking, which decreased by 20.99% from 1970 to 1997, but has remained almost unchanged since 1997. Global mean surface temperature anomalies of 1.5 °C and 2.0 °C will increase the permanent deformation of asphalt pavement by 18.63% and 36.71%, respectively, compared to 2019. Global warming is bringing serious challenges to the structure and material design of asphalt pavement due to the increasing service temperature range.
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Softić, Edis, Veljko Radičević, Marko Subotić, Željko Stević, Zlatan Talić, and Dragan Pamučar. "Sustainability of the Optimum Pavement Model of Reclaimed Asphalt from a Used Pavement Structure." Sustainability 12, no. 5 (March 3, 2020): 1912. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12051912.
Full textAbstract:
This paper demonstrates and provides additional findings and instructions to produce new cold-recycled layers of pavement structures spatially and temporally sustainable. At the same time, recycled pavement structures have been enhanced with optimum amounts of new stone materials and binders made of cement and foamed bitumen. The subject of the research is based on the examination of recycled asphalt from surface and bituminous base courses of pavement structures for use on higher-type roads. The aim of the research is to model the process of producing recycled asphalt by cold recycling to optimize the process of influential parameters. In addition, one of the primary goals of the research is to demonstrate a sustainable way of producing new cold-recycled layers of pavement structures. The obtained results indicated the inevitability of the use of recycled material from pavement structures with the possibility of applying secondary and tertiary crushing of recycled mass, which depends on the type of layer for which the recycled material would be used. The research resulted in an optimum mixture variant of the stabilization layer of pavement structure that consists mainly of recycled material from a worn pavement structure improved with a relatively small amount of new aggregate with the addition of minimal stabilizers made of cement and foamed bitumen. The results showed that the optimum mixture variant of the stabilization layer is spatially and temporally stable. Additionally, the presented optimum variant of the stabilization layer enables sustainable development of road networks with minimum consumption of new natural resources.
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Elahi, Zafreen, Fauzan Mohd Jakarni, Ratnasamy Muniandy, Salihudin Hassim, Mohd Shahrizal Ab Razak, Anwaar Hazoor Ansari, and Mohamed Meftah Ben Zair. "Waste Cooking Oil as a Sustainable Bio Modifier for Asphalt Modification: A Review." Sustainability 13, no. 20 (October 18, 2021): 11506. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su132011506.
Full textAbstract:
The rising demand for non-renewable resources such as asphalt binder is a significant issue in the pavement industry. Flexible pavement consumes a significant amount of asphalt binder, which has become a major issue in terms of environmental sustainability and from an economics viewpoint. Hence, researchers strive to find other alternatives to solve these problems, to enhance the performance and lifespan of flexible pavement. Biomass-based bio-oil, such as waste cooking oil (WCO), as a modifier has illustrated favorable effects for asphalt binder and mixture. However, in the pavement industry, its adoption as a modifier is still in an empirical stage. Hence, this paper aimed to give an overview by analyzing literature in-depth to reveal the potential of WCO as a modifier in the pavement industry. The low- and intermediate-temperature performance of the WCO-modified asphalt binder are superior. However, it compromises physical properties and high-temperature performance. Hence, it can be improved by controlling the quality of WCO or by further modification by additives such as ground tire rubber (GTR) and waste plastic. This paper also attempts to review available and potential physical and chemical technologies to minimize the negative effects of free fatty acid (FFA) and water content of WCO on modified asphalt binder properties. For WCO-modified asphalt mixture, the overall performance depends on the dose, quality of WCO, and type of additive added in the WCO-modified binder. Finally, future recommendations are provided to broaden the scope of WCO as a modifier in the forthcoming sustainable pavement industry.