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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Asiatic elephant – Conservation

Academic literature on the topic 'Asiatic elephant – Conservation'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 December 2022

Last updated: 29 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Asiatic elephant – Conservation"

1

Talukdar, Nazimur Rahman, Parthankar Choudhury, and Rofik Ahmed Barbhuiya. "The importance of trans-boundary conservation of the Asiatic Elephant Elephas maximus in Patharia Hills Reserve Forest, northeastern India." Journal of Threatened Taxa 11, no. 1 (January 26, 2019): 13168–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.11609/jott.4245.11.1.13168-13170.

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The lives of Asiatic Elephants in the Patharia Hills Reserve Forest of Barak Valley, Assam are at risk. Due to serious anthropogenic pressures, human-elephant interactions have increased tremendously during recent decades. It is time conservation of the species is initiated along the Indo-Bangladesh trans-boundary line, especially their habitats and migratory corridor which can help the conservation of elephants and other species as well.

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2

Ghimire, Pramod. "Conservation of Tiger Panthera tigris in Nepal: a review of current efforts and challenges." Journal of Threatened Taxa 14, no. 9 (September 26, 2022): 21769–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.11609/jott.7011.14.9.21769-21775.

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The Tiger Panthera tigris is one of the most charismatic and well known Asian big cats. In the lowlands of Nepal, Tigers along with the Greater One-Horned Rhinoceros Rhinoceros unicornis and the Asiatic Elephant Elephas maximus serve as ﬂagship species gathering global conservation attention. Current surveys estimate a population of 235 tigers in Nepal. Tigers in Nepal are strictly protected in five protected areas located in the lowlands and their adjoining forest areas which cover 7,668.20 km2. However, over the last century, tiger population and their distribution range drastically declined with the species heading towards extinction. The long-term survival of this charismatic species is challenging largely due to the loss and fragmentation of habitat, climate change, increasing human-wildlife interface and poaching for illegal trade of body parts. In response to this, the Government of Nepal along with conservation agencies and local communities have proceeded to execute various conservation initiatives both at national and international level. This paper tries to scrutinize the current status of tiger population, conservation efforts, and existing challenges to conserve tiger species in Nepal.

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3

Siahaan, D. A. S., Nursal, I. R. Alfakih, Y. Dzawita, F. Zahra, M. J. Harianja, and A. Hartanto. "Species checklist of Orthoptera in the Forest Area with Special Purpose (KHDTK) Aek Nauli, North Sumatra." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1115, no. 1 (December 1, 2022): 012022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1115/1/012022.

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Abstract We present the species checklist of Orthoptera in the Forest Area with Special Purpose/KHDTK Aek Nauli, Simalungun Regency, North Sumatra, Indonesia. The checklist is provided as a basic information on the grasshopper diversity and species assemblage in the forest region. KHDTK Aek Nauli is classified into a tropical montane forest with an elevation of 1,100–1,750 m a.s.l dominated by the pine species and intended as an ex situ conservation for Sumatran Elephant (Elephas maximus sumatranus). Sampling of grasshoppers was conducted for four consecutive days using two methods namely pit fall trap and sweeping net with a total of 12 sampling points. Approximately of 21 orthopteran species from 97 individuals belonging to suborder Ensifera (12 species) and suborder Caelifera (9 species) were documented. The highest Importance Value Index (IVI) orthopteran species was obtained from Paratettix curtipennis (102.92), followed by Teleogryllus emma (79.04), Oxya intricata (69.67), and etc. All grasshoppers were commonly identified for Asiatic region to worldwide distribution.

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4

Talukdar, Nazimur Rahman, Rofik Ahmed Barbhuiya, and Parthankar Choudhury. "Population structure of wild Asiatic elephant in Patharia Hills Reserve Forest, Karimganj, India: A plea for conservation." Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies 5, no. 2t (March 1, 2017): 1493–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.22271/j.ento.v5.i2t.06.

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5

Mahmood, Tariq, Tuong Thuy Vu, Ahimsa Campos-Arceiz, Faraz Akrim, Shaista Andleeb, Muhammad Farooq, Abdul Hamid, et al. "Historical and current distribution ranges and loss of mega-herbivores and carnivores of Asia." PeerJ 9 (February 16, 2021): e10738. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.10738.

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Ecosystem functioning is dependent a lot on large mammals, which are, however, vulnerable and facing extinction risks due to human impacts mainly. Megafauna of Asia has been declining for a long, not only in numbers but also in their distribution ranges. In the current study, we collected information on past and current occurrence and distribution records of Asia’s megafauna species. We reconstructed the historical distribution ranges of the six herbivores and four carnivores for comparison with their present ranges, to quantify spatially explicit levels of mega-defaunation. Results revealed that historically the selected megafauna species were more widely distributed than at current. Severe range contraction was observed for the Asiatic lion, three rhino species, Asian elephant, tigers, and tapirs. Defaunation maps generated have revealed the vanishing of megafauna from parts of the East, Southeast, and Southwest Asia, even some protected Areas losing up to eight out of ten megafaunal species. These defaunation maps can help develop future conservation policies, to save the remaining distribution ranges of large mammals.

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6

Kabir, M. Tarik, M. Farid Ahsan, Susan M. Cheyne, Shahrul Anuar Mohd Sah, Susan Lappan, Thad Q. Bartlett, and Nadine Ruppert. "Population assessment of the endangered Western Hoolock Gibbon Hoolock hoolock Harlan, 1834 at Sheikh Jamal Inani National Park, Bangladesh, and conservation significance of this site for threatened wildlife species." Journal of Threatened Taxa 13, no. 7 (June 26, 2021): 18687–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.11609/jott.7207.13.7.18687-18694.

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Sheikh Jamal Inani National Park (Inani) is a wildlife habitat in Bangladesh located under the Cox’s Bazar South Forest Division, Cox’s Bazar. It constitutes significant habitat for the charismatic and globally ‘Endangered’ Western Hoolock Gibbon Hoolock hoolock in Bangladesh. Here, we show that Inani is a poorly-known gibbon habitat with a population of seven groups, comprising a total of 18 individuals. Among them, 77.8% were adults (males and females), and 11.1%, 5.6%, and 5.6% were sub-adults, juveniles, and infants, respectively, indicating low reproductive output. Five of seven groups had no offspring present in the group, and the mean group size of 2.57 individuals/group is low compared to other habitats in Bangladesh. Beside Western Hoolock Gibbon, Inani is home to many threatened wildlife species. The first record of the Slaty-backed Flycatcher Ficedula erithacus in Bangladesh occurred in Inani, adding this new species to the national bird checklist of Bangladesh. The presence of the globally ‘Endangered’ Asian Elephant Elephas maximus, Phayre’s Langur Trachypithecus phayrei, & Elongated Tortoise Indotestudo elongata and the globally ‘Vulnerable’ Northern Pig-tailed Macaque Macaca leonina, Capped Langur Trachypithecus pileatus, Indian Leopard Panthera pardus, & Asiatic Softshell Turtle Amyda cartilaginea highlight the importance of Inani as a conservation area in Bangladesh. The Western Hoolock Gibbon and other threatened wildlife of Inani are now on the verge of local extinction due to a sharp increase in forest resource extraction resulting from the recent influx of large numbers of Rohingya refugees from Myanmar, many of whom have settled around Inani. Through stakeholder interviews in the area, we have identified feasible and measurable conservation actions at Inani that are urgently needed to prevent further loss of wildlife and to protect this important gibbon habitat.

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7

Chandranaik, Basavegowdanadoddi Marinaik, Beechagondahalli Papanna Shivashankar, Papanna Giridhar, and Doddegowdanakoppalu Nanjegowda Nagaraju. "Molecular characterisation and serotyping of Pasteurella multocida isolates from Asiatic elephants (Elephas maximus)." European Journal of Wildlife Research 62, no. 6 (September 3, 2016): 681–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10344-016-1043-8.

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8

Rahman, Dede Aulia, Yanto Santosa, Intan Purnamasari, and Aryo Adhi Condro. "Drivers of Three Most Charismatic Mammalian Species Distribution across a Multiple-Use Tropical Forest Landscape of Sumatra, Indonesia." Animals 12, no. 19 (October 10, 2022): 2722. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani12192722.

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Tropical Rainforest Heritage sites of Sumatra are some of the most irreplaceable landscapes in the world for biodiversity conservation. These landscapes harbor many endangered Asiatic mammals all suffering multifaceted threats due to anthropogenic activities. Three charismatic mammals in Sumatra: Elephas maximus sumatranus, Pongo abelii, and Panthera tigris sumatrae are protected and listed as Critically Endangered (CR) within the IUCN Red List. Nevertheless, their current geographic distribution remains unclear, and the impact of environmental factors on these species are mostly unknown. This study predicts the potential range of those species on the island of Sumatra using anthropogenic, biophysical, topographic, and climatic parameters based on the ensemble machine learning algorithms. We also investigated the effects of habitat loss from current land use, ecosystem availability, and importance of Indonesian protected areas. Our predictive model had relatively excellent performance (Sørensen: 0.81–0.94) and can enhance knowledge on the current species distributions. The most critical environmental predictors for the distribution of the three species are conservation status and temperature seasonality. This study revealed that more than half of the species distributions occurred in non-protected areas, with proportional coverage being 83%, 72%, and 54% for E.m. sumatranus, P. abelii, and P.t. sumatrae, respectively. Our study further provides reliable information on places where conservation efforts must be prioritized, both inside and outside of the protected area networks, to safeguard the ongoing survival of these Indonesian large charismatic mammals.

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9

Devi, Anita, Syed Ainul Hussain, Monika Sharma, Govindan Veeraswami Gopi, and Ruchi Badola. "Seasonal pattern of food habits of large herbivores in riverine alluvial grasslands of Brahmaputra floodplains, Assam." Scientific Reports 12, no. 1 (January 10, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-04295-4.

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AbstractJarman–Bell (1974) hypothesized that in the dry savanna of Africa, small-bodied herbivores tend to browse more on forage with high protein and low fibre content. This implies browsing on high nutritive forage by meso-herbivores, and grazing and mixed feeding on coarse forage by mega-herbivores. We tested this hypothesis in the riverine alluvial grasslands of the Kaziranga National Park (KNP), where seasonal flood and fire play an important role in shaping the vegetation structure. We analyzed the feeding habits and quality of major forage species consumed by three mega-herbivores, viz. greater one-horned rhino, Asian elephant, and Asiatic wild buffalo, and three meso-herbivores, viz. swamp deer, hog deer, and sambar. We found that both mega and meso-herbivores were grazers and mixed feeders. Overall, 25 forage plants constituted more than 70% of their diet. Among monocots, family Poaceae with Saccharum spp. (contributing > 9% of the diet), and, among dicots, family Rhamnaceae with Ziziphus jujuba (contributing > 4% of the diet) fulfilled the dietary needs. In the dry season, the concentration of crude protein, neutral detergent fibre, calcium, sodium, and phosphorous varied significantly between monocots and dicots, whereas only calcium and sodium concentrations varied significantly in the wet season. Dicots were found to be more nutritious throughout the year. Compared to the dry season, the monocots, viz. Alpinia nigra, Carex vesicaria, Cynodon dactylon, Echinochloa crus-galli, Hemarthria compressa, Imperata cylindrica, and Saccharum spp., with their significantly high crude protein, were more nutritious during the wet season. Possibly due to the availability of higher quality monocots in the wet season, both mega and meso-herbivores consume it in high proportion. We concluded that the Jarman–Bell principle does not apply to riverine alluvial grasslands as body size did not explain the interspecific dietary patterns of the mega and meso-herbivores. This can be attributed to seasonal floods, habitat and forage availability, predation risk, and management practices such as controlled burning of the grasslands. The ongoing succession and invasion processes, anthropogenic pressures, and lack of grassland conservation policy are expected to affect the availability of the principal forage and suitable habitat of large herbivores in the Brahmaputra floodplains, which necessitates wet grassland-based management interventions for the continued co-existence of large herbivores in such habitats.

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Books on the topic "Asiatic elephant – Conservation"

1

The living elephants: Evolutionary ecology, behavior, and conservation. New York: Oxford University Press, 2003.

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2

Silva, Mangala De. The Sri Lankan elephant: Its evolution, ecology & conservation. Colombo: WHT Publications, 2007.

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3

Santiapillai, Charles. The Asian elephant: An action plan for its conservation. Gland, Switzerland: IUCN, 1990.

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4

The elephant in Sri Lanka. Colombo, Sri Lanka: Distributed by Wildlife Heritage Trust of Sri Lanka, 1994.

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5

Singh, Anil Kumar. Jumbo express: A scientific approach to understanding and mitigating elephant mortality due to train accidents in Rajaji National Park. New Delhi: Wildlife Trust of India, 2007.

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6

US GOVERNMENT. Asian Elephant Conservation Act of 1997. [Washington, D.C.?: U.S. G.P.O., 1997.

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7

Conservation, U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service Division of International. Asian Elephant Conservation Act: Summary report 1999-2001. [Washington, D.C: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service, Division of International Conservation, 2002.

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8

United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Environment and Public Works. Asian Elephant Conservation Act of 1997: Report (to accompany S. 1287). [Washington, D.C: U.S. G.P.O., 1997.

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9

US GOVERNMENT. An Act to Reauthorize the Asian Elephant Conservation Act of 1997. [Washington, D.C: U.S. G.P.O., 2002.

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10

Soehartono, Tonny. Strategi dan rencana aksi konservasi gajah Sumatera dan gajah Kalimantan, 2007-2017. [Jakarta]: Direktorat Jenderal Perlindungan Hutan dan Konservasi Alam, Departemen Kehutanan R.I., 2007.

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