Journal articles: 'Asian immigration'

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Rahman, Zaynah, and Susan J. Paik. "South Asian Immigration and Education in the U.S.: Historical and Social Contexts." Social and Education History 6, no. 1 (February 22, 2017): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.17583/hse.2017.2393.

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This article examines the historical and social contexts of South Asian immigration and their current socioeconomic and educational outcomes in the United States. Based on an adapted model of incorporation and literature review, this historical analysis examines government policies, societal reception, co-ethnic communities, as well as other barriers and opportunities of three immigration waves before and after the Immigration Act of 1965. The study reveals the modes of incorporation differed for each immigrant wave as well as subsequent socioeconomic and educational outcomes within the South Asian community. Before 1965, the earliest migrants had several barriers to incorporation coupled with government and societal hostility. After 1965, South Asians began immigrating under more favorable or neutral modes of incorporation. They were also more wealthy, educated, fluent in English, and had professional skills. While the majority of South Asians today represent this demographic composition, a rising subgroup of immigrants arriving under differential circumstances since the 1980s are facing more unique challenges within this community.

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Gardner, Robert W. "Asian Immigration: The View from the United States." Asian and Pacific Migration Journal 1, no. 1 (March 1992): 64–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/011719689200100104.

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Between the 1965 immigration law and 1990, Asian immigration to the United States increased tenfold to a quarter of a million annually. As sender of the most immigrants, Japan has yielded to the Philippines, South Korea, Vietnam, India, and China. From 1974–1989, over 900,000 Southeast Asian refugees entered the United States. Most Asians today are admitted in the family preference category. On average, the sex ratio is balanced, but over 55% of immigrants from South Korea, the Philippines, and Taiwan are female. Asians are occupationally diverse, with a greater number of professionals/executives (35%) than laborers (14%). Though relatively few in number, Asians concentrate geographically (notably in California) and exert growing political influence in those areas. Except for refugees, Asians are generally viewed as having a positive impact as students and workers. On the other hand, inas much as they contribute to ethnic diversity, they fan the current fears over threats to a common American cultural heritage. Anti-Asian hate crimes and interethnic violence have risen. Asian immigration is likely to continue to rise and show greater emphasis on employment preference categories.

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Fong, Eric, and Peter Shi Jiao. "Job matching for Chinese and Asian Indian immigrants in Canada." Canadian Studies in Population 40, no. 1-2 (May 24, 2013): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.25336/p6c326.

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Using recently collected data from Toronto, a major city in Canada, we explored job mismatch among Chinese and Asian Indian immigrants. Our study shows that a relatively small percentage of Chinese immigrants, and an even lower percentage of Asian Indian immigrants, work in the same industry and occupation as they did before immigrating. The multivariate analysis suggests that higher education before immigration does help immigrants secure first jobs that match their jobs before immigration. Though other studies have noted that foreign education has a discount effect on earnings and on securing jobs, our findings show that foreign higher education improves the matching of jobs held before and after immigration. Implications of the findings are discussed.

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Liu, John M. "The Contours of Asian Professional, Technical and Kindred Work Immigration, 1965–1988." Sociological Perspectives 35, no. 4 (December 1992): 673–704. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1389304.

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This paper examines the nature of Asian professional, technical, and kindred (PTK) immigration to the United States since 1965. While many recent studies have noted the significant increase of Asian PTK immigration since 1965, analyses of who these PTKs are have been lacking. To address this omission, this paper focuses on three aspects of Asian PTK immigration: (1) the conditions underlying emigration from Asia; (2) the occupational composition of Asian PTKs; and (3) the impact of this immigration on understanding Asian American communities. The paper examines the patterns of PTK immigration from the Philippines, three Chinese-speaking regions, India, and Korea. The published reports and public-use data of the United States Naturalization and Immigration Service (1972–1986) are the primary source for this examination. Analysis of specific immigration patterns show the similarities and contrasts embedded in the Asian American experience.

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Varzally, Allison. "Asian Immigration and Its Scholars." California History 91, no. 1 (2014): 58–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/ch.2014.91.1.58.

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Frideres, James S. "Canada's Changing Immigration Policy: Implications for Asian Immigrants." Asian and Pacific Migration Journal 5, no. 4 (December 1996): 449–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/011719689600500404.

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Canada has accepted immigrants since the turn of the century and has been a major player in the world wide movement of people. However, until the 1960s, most immigrants were white and from Western Europe. By the late 60s, Canada's immigration policy took on a more universalistic criteria and immigrants from around the world were able to enter. In 1971, Canada established a multicultural policy, reflecting the multi-ethnic composition of Canadian society. However, a quarter century later, economic and ideological pressures have forced the government of the day to rethink its immigration policy. The present paper reviews Canadian immigration policy and assesses the current situation. An analysis of the 1994 immigration consultation process is presented which led to the new changes in immigration policy. Recent changes in the organizational structure of the Department of Citizenship and Immigration and its policy are evaluated. The implications of the new immigration policy are discussed, particularly as it relates to Asian immigration.

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Park, Saemyi. "Identifying Asian American Attitudes Toward Immigration: Testing Theories of Acculturation, Group Consciousness, and Context Effects." Journal of Ethnic and Cultural Studies 8, no. 1 (December 9, 2020): 163–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.29333/ejecs/465.

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In this study, I test a model of competing theoretical explanations of Asian American attitudes toward immigration by studying the effects of acculturation, group consciousness and political commonality with other groups, and contextual factors. Using the 2018 Civic Engagement and Political Participation of Asian American Survey, Asian Americans’ policy preferences on Syrian refugees, Deferred Action of Childhood Arrivals (DACA), the Muslim travel ban, and a border wall are examined. Multinomial logistic regression analyses reveal that acculturation explains positive attitudes toward immigration among Asian Americans whereas factors such as Asian identity, political commonality with other racial groups, and the perceived racial mix of neighborhoods have limited and mixed influence on Asian American immigration attitudes. As one of very few studies on immigrants’ attitudes toward immigration policies, this study contributes to our better understanding of how the fastest-growing immigrant group like Asian Americans determine their attitudes toward policies that target immigrants.

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Hong, Jane. "“A Cross-Fire between Minorities”." Pacific Historical Review 87, no. 4 (2018): 667–701. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/phr.2018.87.4.667.

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This article examines the Japanese American Citizens League’s (JACL) postwar campaign to secure U.S. citizenship eligibility for first-generation Japanese (Issei) as a civil rights effort that brought Japanese Americans into contention with African American and Afro-Caribbean community leaders during the height of the U.S. Cold War in East Asia. At the same time, JACL’s disagreements with Chinese Americans and Japanese American liberals precluded any coherent Japanese or Asian American position on postwar immigration policy. The resulting 1952 McCarran-Walter Act formally ended Asians’ exclusion from U.S. immigration and naturalization, even as a colonial quota in the law severely restricted black immigration from the Caribbean and galvanized black protest. This episode of black-Japanese tension complicates scholarly understandings of the liberalization of U.S. immigration and naturalization laws toward Asian peoples as analogous with or complementary to black civil rights gains in the postwar years. In so doing, it suggests the need to think more critically and historically about the cleavages between immigration and civil rights law, and between immigrant rights and civil rights.

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Piggot, William Benjamin. "Globalization from the Bottom Up: Irvine, California, and the Birth of Suburban Cosmopolitanism." Pacific Historical Review 81, no. 1 (February 1, 2012): 60–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/phr.2012.81.1.60.

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Using the city of Irvine, California, as its case study, this article connects modern globalization to the rise of a post-industrial knowledge economy, demonstrating how immigration and transnational capital flows have worked to transform metropolitan America, particularly in western states like California. In the Irvine context, Asian immigration and Asian corporate investment were particularly important in transforming the city's institutional and commercial life. Yet Irvine's Asians were not the only important transformative agents. The community's white residents were just as instrumental, facilitating and generally embracing the changes the Asian newcomers brought. The article thus demonstrates that the contemporary era of globalization has been directed and given its meaning at a localized, grass-roots level as much as it has been by national and international elites.

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Heinz, Annelise. "The Roots of America’s Anti-Asian Violence." Current History 120, no. 827 (September 1, 2021): 246–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/curh.2021.120.827.246.

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Hate crimes against Asian Americans have risen sharply during the COVID-19 pandemic. A historical perspective shows that Asians have faced intertwined racial and gender-based biases in the United States since the first anti-immigration backlashes against their presence in the nineteenth century.

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Daniels, Timothy P. "New Faiths, Old Fears." American Journal of Islam and Society 23, no. 2 (April 1, 2006): 95–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v23i2.1623.

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Bruce Lawrence’s book, New Faiths, Old Fears: Muslims and Other AsianImmigrants in American Religious Life, seeks to remedy theoretical gaps bycorrecting the emphasis on East Asians within Asian-American studies andby describing Asian Americans in relation to other minorities and dominantAnglos within the prevailing ethno-racial system (p. xiv). As a religiousstudies scholar with “a lifelong engagement with Islam, and an exuberantattachment to South Asia” (p. 38), he discusses post-1965 immigration andunderscores its religious and cultural dimensions. The range of controversialtopics broached in this book promise to appeal to a broad readership.Topics covered include historical and politico-economic aspects of immigration, racial prejudice, cultural and religious fundamentalism, argumentsover multiculturalism, transnational identities, and media representations ofreligion. Consequently, New Faiths, Old Fears is highly significant forthose interested in religious studies, sociology, anthropology, history, andcultural studies – and especially for those interested in immigration andAsian Americans ...

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12

Tran and Warikoo. "Asian American Perspectives on Immigration Policy." RSF: The Russell Sage Foundation Journal of the Social Sciences 7, no. 2 (2021): 154. http://dx.doi.org/10.7758/rsf.2021.7.2.08.

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김영철. "Immigration Policy and Asian in Brazil." Journal of Lusophone Area Studies 8, no. 1 (June 2011): 69–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.21540/kalas.8.1.201106.69.

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Aptekar, Sofya. "ASIAN IMMIGRATION TO THE UNITED STATES." Ethnic and Racial Studies 34, no. 12 (October 21, 2011): 2216–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01419870.2011.623131.

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15

Liu, Liangni. "New Zealand's Changing Attitudes towards Asian Immigration, 1999–2004." Asian and Pacific Migration Journal 14, no. 4 (December 2005): 467–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/011719680501400404.

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This study surveys and analyzes articles related to Asian immigration and immigrants published in two leading New Zealand publications, the Listener and the National Business Review (NBR), during the period of 1999–2004. It found that articles in both publications reflected changing attitudes of the public towards Asian immigration and immigrants. The NBR is supportive of Asian immigration because it believes that the financial and human capital brought in by Asian immigrants are important to the nation's economy. The Listener is more cautious because it is more concerned about the societal impacts caused by the Asian immigrant influx. However, the Listener is sympathetic towards refugees, accepting the economic and social strain they may bring while the NBR strongly opposes the admission of refugees because they may become an economic burden to New Zealand.

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Tran, Van C., Fei Guo, and Tiffany J. Huang. "The Integration Paradox: Asian Immigrants in Australia and the United States." ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 690, no. 1 (July 2020): 36–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002716220926974.

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Whereas Australia has pursued a skills-based migration policy, the United States has privileged family-based migration. The key contrast between these migration regimes provides a rare test of how national immigration policy shapes immigrant selection and integration. Does a skills-based immigration regime result in a more select group of Asian immigrants in Australia compared to their counterparts in the United States? Are Asian immigrants more integrated into their host society in Australia compared to the United States? Focusing on four groups of Asian immigrants in both countries (Chinese, Indians, Filipinos, and Vietnamese), this article addresses these questions using a transpacific comparison. Despite Australia’s skills-based immigration policy, we find that Asian immigrants in Australia are less hyper-selected than their counterparts in the United States. Asian immigrants in Australia also report worse labor market outcomes than those in the United States, with the exception of Vietnamese—a refugee group. Altogether, these findings challenge the conventional wisdom that skills-based immigration policy not only results in more selected immigrants, but also positively influences their integration into the host society.

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17

Kanjanapan, Wilawan. "The Immigration of Asian Professionals to the United States: 1988–1990." International Migration Review 29, no. 1 (March 1995): 7–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/019791839502900102.

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This article examines recent flows of Asian professionals to the United States based on the Immigration and Naturalization Service data for the fiscal years 1988–1990. Three specific dimensions of the Asian migration stream were investigated, namely, size, composition and mode of entry. The results show that Asians emerge as a dominant group in the immigration of all professionals. An examination of mode of entry indicates an existing demand for foreign professionals of certain occupational backgrounds in the U.S. labor market. Engineers and computer scientists represent this pattern as reflected by a heavy usage of the occupational preferences to enter the host country. Adjustment of status from temporary visas appears to be a common strategy. By contrast, health professionals were more likely to be admitted through kinship ties and the majority are new arrivals. The argument that the outflow of the highly trained Asians is simply a matter of migration and education is not fully supported by the data.

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Samuel, T. John. "Asian and Pacific Migration: The Canadian Experience." Asian and Pacific Migration Journal 3, no. 2-3 (June 1994): 465–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/011719689400300211.

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On a per capita basis, Canada currently accepts more immigrants than any other country in the world. This article examines the characteristics of landed immigrants (permanent settlers) from Asia and explores their settlement, adaptation, and integration experience. Asian immigration has grown by leaps and bounds since the universalization of Canadian immigration policy. The skills content, capital inflow, and entrepreneurial impacts of Asian immigration have been significant. Generally speaking, Asian immigrants have adapted and integrated well. Yet access to Canadian territory as permanent residents, or access to Canadian citizenship, does not necessarily mean access to equal opportunity in the economy and society, though to a certain extent, Canada may have succeeded more than Australia.

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Bobo, Lawrence D., and Michael C. Dawson. "IMMIGRATION." Du Bois Review: Social Science Research on Race 4, no. 1 (2007): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1742058x07070014.

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There is a deep irony about the current political moment. Though having an immigrant background is arguably a core feature of how most Americans understand themselves, the topic of immigration has in recent years risen to a fever pitch of political controversy and polarized views. Of course, the immigrant streams to the United States today differ substantially from those that characterized the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Instead of bringing in millions of South, Central, and Eastern Europeans looking for better opportunities than were available in their homelands, the current immigrant wave has drawn most heavily from those with Latin American and Asian origins. Concomitant to these changes in economic, cultural, and political context as well as in who constitute the new immigrants, are a series of deep questions about civic belonging, the social consequences of immigration, and what appropriate policy responses to recent immigration should be.

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Ekakkararungroj, Chanida, Sheue-Li Ong, and Evelyn S. Devadason. "Immigration - Trade Relationship in ASEAN: What Does the Evidence Show?" Malaysian Journal of Economic Studies 59, no. 1 (June 14, 2022): 131–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.22452/mjes.vol59no1.7.

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The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) region has become more integrated through trade and migration. Yet, public policies in ASEAN do not consider the interrelations between trade and immigration policies. Therefore, the paper employs a static panel gravity model for the 10 ASEAN countries over five-year intervals between 1990 and 2020 to identify the direct connections between migration and trade (exports, imports and intra-industry trade). The empirical results support a pro-import immigrant effect but not a pro-export immigrant effect. The negative effect of the stock of immigrants on the share of bilateral intra-industry trade implies that immigration better explains one-way trade or inter-industry trade. The limited presence of the immigrant-link effects reflects the large stock of unskilled ASEAN immigrants that reduces the possibilities of creating networks between the home and host countries. The significant immigration-import links, however, is sufficient to justify the importance for ASEAN to work towards connecting migration and trade policies.

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Davis, Michael G. "Impetus for Immigration Reform: Asian Refugees and the Cold War." Journal of American-East Asian Relations 7, no. 3-4 (1998): 127–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187656198793646013.

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AbstractHistorians of foreign relations rarely consider the issue of immigration policy to be part of their field. Yet, immigration policy has much relevance for the study of the history of recent American foreign policy. The standards by which one nation chooses to admit immigrants can have an important effect on the sensitivities and attitudes of another nation, as was demonstrated in the tension that marked U.S.-Japanese relations after passage of the Asian Exclusion Act in 1924. Moreover, the movement of refugees escaping persecution, war, oppression, discrimination, and natural disasters can have an impact, both positive and negative, on a “receiving” nation’s economy, society, and political stability. In the recent history of the United States, debates over immigration policy have been guided in large part by foreign policy concerns. This is particularly true when considering the postwar debate between the executive branch and Congress about opening America’s doors to Asians.

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Tseng, Yen-Fen. "Immigration Consulting Firms in Taiwanese Business Immigration." Asian and Pacific Migration Journal 6, no. 3-4 (September 1997): 275–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/011719689700600302.

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Today various countries actively promote business migration programs to bring in more resourceful immigrants, thereby increasing immigration channels for people with physical capital. How to match the right migrants with the right destinations has become a business niche for private agencies. In this article, I analyze the impact of the immigration industry on the immigration process, based on a case study of Taiwanese business immigration. Immigration consultants have facilitated recent Taiwanese business migration by increasing awareness of business migration programs, providing needed assistance and organizing the actual migration process. The involvement of immigration consultants in facilitating the migration of the wealthy class represents one of the outstanding characteristics of the so-called “new Asian migration.” Data are mainly from various documentary sources and in-depth interviews with immigration consulting firms.

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Nagae, Peggy. "Asian Women: Immigration and Citizenship in Oregon." Oregon Historical Quarterly 113, no. 3 (2012): 334–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/ohq.2012.0063.

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Peggy Nagae. "Asian Women: Immigration and Citizenship in Oregon." Oregon Historical Quarterly 113, no. 3 (2012): 334. http://dx.doi.org/10.5403/oregonhistq.113.3.0334.

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김미경. "Sociotropic Perceptions, Immigration, and Immigrants : East Asian Attitudes toward Immigration and Immigrants." Journal of Northeast Asia Research 29, no. 2 (December 2014): 127–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.18013/jnar.2014.29.2.005.

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Lee, Jennifer. "Asian Americans, Affirmative Action & the Rise in Anti-Asian Hate." Daedalus 150, no. 2 (2021): 180–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/daed_a_01854.

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Abstract No court case in recent history has propelled Asian Americans into the political sphere like Students for Fair Admissions v. Harvard, and no issue has galvanized them like affirmative action. Asian Americans have taken center stage in the latest battle over affirmative action, yet their voices have been muted in favor of narratives that paint them as victims of affirmative action who ardently oppose the policy. Bridging theory and research on immigration, stereotypes, and boundaries, I provide a holistic portrait of SFFA v. Harvard and focus on Asian Americans' role in it. Immigration has remade Asian Americans from “unassimilable to exceptional,” and wedged them between underrepresented minorities who stand to gain most from the policy and the advantaged majority who stands to lose most because of it. Presumed competent and morally deserving, Asian Americans subscribe to the stereotype, and wield it to their advantage. Competence, moral worth, and respectability politics, however, are no safeguards against racism and xenophobia. As fears of the coronavirus arrested the United States, so too has the rise in anti-Asian hate.

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Faroqi-Shah, Yasmeen. "Linguistic and Sociocultural Diversity Among South Asians." Perspectives on Communication Disorders and Sciences in Culturally and Linguistically Diverse (CLD) Populations 19, no. 1 (March 2012): 6–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/cds19.1.6.

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The aim of this paper is to provide information about the ethnocultural and linguistic characteristics of South Asians, because South Asians are one of the most rapidly growing groups in North America. This paper overviews demographic and immigration history and describes sociocultural characteristics and major languages used by speakers of South Asian origin, including dialectal differences in English. I emphasize that, although there are overarching sociocultural similarities among South Asians in terms of family structure and values, there is also considerable heterogeneity depending on specific subgroups, time since migration, and extent of acculturation. Finally, I present guidelines for clinicians who may make service delivery decisions about their South Asian clients.

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Hugo, Graeme. "Knocking at the Door: Asian Immigration to Australia." Asian and Pacific Migration Journal 1, no. 1 (March 1992): 100–144. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/011719689200100105.

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This paper assesses the level and composition of contemporary Asian immigration to Australia and explores its processes and impacts. The final reversal of the White Australia Policy in the 1970s opened the door to substantial increases in Asian immigration, particularly from Vietnam, Malaysia, the Philippines, China, India and Hong Kong. Most migrants are entering through the family reunion, refugee and business migration categories. Vietnamese dominate both family reunion and refugee categories, but the recent prominence among family migrants of Filipino wives and fiancees of Australian men is drawing attention and controversy. Asian migrants tend to be young and female, but there are also great variations in their economic and social adaptations to Australia. Discrimination, exploitation and unemployment are among the problems faced by some Asian groups.

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Ro, Annie, and Jennifer Van Hook. "Comparing immigration status and health patterns between Latinos and Asians: Evidence from the Survey of Income and Program Participation." PLOS ONE 16, no. 2 (February 2, 2021): e0246239. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0246239.

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Undocumented status is widely recognized as an important social determinant of health. While undocumented immigrants have lower levels of health care access, they do not have consistently poorer physical health than the US-born or other immigrant groups. Furthermore, heterogeneity by race/ethnicity has been largely ignored in this growing literature. This paper used the 2001, 2004, 2008 panels of the restricted Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP), one of the only representative surveys equipped to adequately identify Asian undocumented immigrants, to compare health patterns between Asians and Latinos by immigration status. We examined three general measures of health/health access: self-rated health, disability, and current health insurance. Latino undocumented immigrants displayed some advantages in self-rated health and disability but had lower insurance coverage compared to US-born Latinos. In contrast, Asian undocumented immigrants did not differ from US-born Asians in any of the three outcomes. While undocumented status has been proposed as a fundamental cause of disease, we found no evidence that Latino and Asian undocumented immigrants consistently fare worse in health access or physical health outcomes than immigrants in other status categories. Different racial groups also appeared to have unique patterns between immigration status and health outcomes from one another.

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Nee, Victor, and Hilary Holbrow. "Why Asian Americans are Becoming Mainstream." Daedalus 142, no. 3 (July 2013): 65–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/daed_a_00219.

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In contrast to earlier waves of immigration, the post–1965 Asian immigration to the United States has not spawned an exclusionist backlash among native whites. Rather, the new Asian immigrants and their children are rapidly gaining access to the American mainstream. Whether in integrated residential communities, in colleges and universities, or in mainstream workplaces, Asian Americans' presence is ever more the rule, not the exception. The success of so many Asian American immigrants suggests that race may not be as decisive a factor in shaping socioeconomic attainment as it was in the American past; civil rights reform has been incorporated in a more inclusive American mainstream. As a group in which those of legal status predominate, Asian Americans have enjoyed more open access to mainstream institutions, paving the way to their rapid assimilation.

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Barde, Robert, and Gustavo J. Bobonis. "Detention at Angel Island." Social Science History 30, no. 1 (2006): 103–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0145553200013407.

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Between 1910 and 1940 the Angel Island Immigration Station was the primary port of entry for Asians into the United States, the place of enforcement of the Chinese Exclusion Act and other anti-Asian immigration policies. Even in the absence of substantiating data, it is frequently asserted that almost all entering Chinese were detained at Angel Island and that they were detained for weeks, months, even years. This article presents the first empirical evidence on how long people arriving at San Francisco were detained at the Angel Island Immigration Station. The use of newly discovered data on passengers of the Pacific Mail Steamship Company (PMSS) for the period 1913-19 adds an empirical basis to our understanding of how immigration laws were administered in classifying and detaining aliens seeking to enter the United States, which arrivals were detained at Angel Island, and for how long. Results show that many Chinese were not detained at all; there was great variation in length of detention for Chinese who were detained; only some of this variation can be explained by the type of “exempt” status claimed for admission under the Chinese exclusion laws; Japanese arrivals had an even higher incidence of detention; and many detainees were either non-Asian, had come on ships from Central or South America, or were not “immigrants” at all.

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Sabharwal, Meghna, Roli Varma, and Zeeshan Noor. "Ethnic Organizations and Adaptation: A Case Study of Indian Immigrant Engineers in the US." Perspectives on Global Development and Technology 20, no. 4 (November 23, 2021): 317–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15691497-12341598.

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Abstract The United States has witnessed waves of immigration throughout its history, with the current immigration policies regulated by the reforms enacted under President Lyndon Johnson in 1965. Immigrants now come from all over the world, with China and India supplying the largest numbers in science and engineering (S&E) fields. Although the US is seen as coping rather successfully with immigration from Europe, that is not the case with Asian immigration. Assimilation theorists have long argued that Asian immigrants face problems in adapting to the American culture and lifestyles; in contrast, multicultural theorists have hailed cultural diversity brought by Asian immigrants. Ethnic organizations can play an integral role in Asian immigrants’ adaptation and integration in the United States. Utilizing 40 in-depth interviews of Indian immigrant engineers working in the US technology companies, the present study examines if they belong to ethnic associations. If yes, why do they feel a need to belong to these associations? If no, why not? It further sheds light on their need to belong to such associations. The findings show that the need to belong to Indian associations varied with the stage of their lives, which can be depicted as a U-shaped curve.

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Liu, Sizhe, and Wei Zhang. "Immigration-related stressors and mental health problems among Asian-American Immigrants." International Journal of Population Studies 8, no. 1 (May 30, 2022): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.18063/ijps.v8i1.176.

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Focusing on Asian-American immigrants in the National Latino and Asian American Study, this work examines (1) whether immigration-related stressors are associated with 12-month depressive disorder and suicidal ideation, and (2) how individual religious involvement moderates the associations. Findings from regression analyses reveal that limited English proficiency increases the risk of both 12-month depressive disorder and suicidal ideation. No significant differences in 12-month depressive disorder and suicidal ideation are found by age at immigration. Most importantly, religious coping — frequently seeking comfort from religion — buffers the negative effects of limited English proficiency on suicidal ideation. Our findings suggest the importance of individual religious involvement in helping Asian-American immigrants cope with stress associated with immigration. Mental health professionals may need to integrate religious coping mechanisms into the clinical setting to offer more effective treatments that are sensitive to individuals’ religious and spiritual needs.

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Liu, Sizhe, and Wei Zhang. "Immigration-related stressors and mental health problems among Asian-American Immigrants." International Journal of Population Studies 3, no. 1 (August 30, 2017): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.18063/ijps.2017.01.002.

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Focusing on Asian-American immigrants in the National Latino and Asian American Study, this work examines (1) whether immigration-related stressors are associated with 12-month depressive disorder and suicidal ideation, and (2) how individual religious involvement moderates the associations. Findings from regression analyses reveal that limited English proficiency increases the risk of both 12-month depressive disorder and suicidal ideation. No significant differences in 12-month depressive disorder and suicidal ideation are found by age at immigration. Most importantly, religious coping — frequently seeking comfort from religion — buffers the negative effects of limited English proficiency on suicidal ideation. Our findings suggest the importance of individual religious involvement in helping Asian-American immigrants cope with stress associated with immigration. Mental health professionals may need to integrate religious coping mechanisms into the clinical setting to offer more effective treatments that are sensitive to individuals’ religious and spiritual needs.

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Walker, Hannah, Marcel Roman, and Matt Barreto. "The Ripple Effect: The Political Consequences of Proximal Contact with Immigration Enforcement." Journal of Race, Ethnicity, and Politics 5, no. 3 (August 11, 2020): 537–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/rep.2020.9.

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AbstractA growing body of research suggests that proximal exposure to immigration enforcement can have important social and health-related consequences. However, there is little research identifying the impact of proximal contact with immigration policy on political attitudes and behaviors, and still less investigating the underlying mechanisms that might connect contact and political dispositions. Drawing on insights from criminal justice, we argue that proximal immigration contact influences political behavior via a sense of injustice with respect to the discriminatory application of immigration enforcement. The impact of a sense of injustice should primarily hold among Latinos, who are targeted on the basis of race, ethnicity, accent, and skin color. Nevertheless, it may also hold among Blacks, whose communities are targeted more generally, and Asians, to whom issues related to immigration are likewise important. In order to assess this theory, we leverage a survey with nationally representative samples of four different racial groups. We find that proximal contact motivates participation in protests, and does so indirectly via a sense of injustice for white and Asian respondents. Latino and Black respondents are primarily motivated by injustice irrespective of contact. In sum, the results suggest that immigration enforcement and non-immigration-related criminal justice policies may have similar political effects on those who are proximately affected.

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Liang, Jiaming, and Yuri Jang. "Stigmatizing Beliefs About Alzheimer’s Disease in Diverse Ethnic Groups of Asian Americans." Innovation in Aging 4, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2020): 277–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaa057.888.

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Abstract Cumulative studies have investigated Alzheimer’s disease (AD)-related issues among Asian Americans, but few have considered ethnic diversities within the Asian group. Using an ethnic-diverse Asian American sample, the present study explored the prevalence, ethnic variations, and predictors of stigmatizing beliefs about AD: (1) AD is a normal process of aging, (2) it is embarrassing to have a family member with AD, and (3) social interactions with an AD patient should be avoided. Inspired by the sociocultural health beliefs model, a focus was given on the role of immigration and culture-related variables. Using data from the 2015 Asian American Quality of Life survey (N = 2609, age range = 18-98) that includes Chinese, Asian Indian, Korean, Vietnamese, Filipino, and other Asians, logistic regression was conducted to examine how each of the three stigmatizing beliefs would be predicted by (1) demographic variables and (2) immigration and culture-related variables. Results indicate that the prevalence of the stigmatizing beliefs about AD varied across ethnicities. More than 63% of Vietnamese associated AD with a normal process of aging, and about 10% of Chinese reported that they would feel embarrassed if their family member had AD. Logistic regression models demonstrated that advanced age, male gender, low education, and limited English proficiency increased the odds of reporting one or multiple stigmatizing beliefs about AD. The findings suggest a varying degree of AD-related misconceptions and stigmatization and call attention to the need for culturally sensitive community education on AD in Asian communities.

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Wong, Morrison G. "Asian American Assimilation: Ethnicity, Immigration, and Socioeconomic Attainment." Contemporary Sociology: A Journal of Reviews 37, no. 5 (September 2008): 457–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/009430610803700534.

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Fawcett, James T., and Fred Arnold. "19: Explaining Diversity: Asian and Pacific Immigration Systems." Center for Migration Studies special issues 5, no. 3 (May 1987): 453–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.2050-411x.1987.tb00971.x.

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LOREY, FRED, and GEORGE CUNNINGHAM. "Impact of Asian Immigration on Thalassemia in California." Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 850, no. 1 COOLEY'S ANEM (June 1998): 442–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1998.tb10515.x.

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Nam, Yunju. "Immigration and Economic Conditions Among Older Asian Americans." Race and Social Problems 6, no. 1 (January 25, 2014): 15–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12552-014-9118-1.

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Dick, H. W. "The immigration debate; a challenge for Asian studies." Asian Studies Association of Australia. Review 12, no. 2 (November 1988): 47–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03147538808712553.

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Bhalodia, Aarti. "Asian American Assimilation: Ethnicity, Immigration, and Socioeconomic Attainment." Journal of American Ethnic History 28, no. 3 (April 1, 2009): 93–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/40543432.

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Livingston, James, Nimesh Patel, Stephanie Bryson, Peter Hoong, Rodrick Lal, Marina Morrow, and Sepali Guruge. "Stigma associated with mental illness among Asian men in Vancouver, Canada." International Journal of Social Psychiatry 64, no. 7 (October 11, 2018): 679–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0020764018805125.

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Background: Due to racism, xenophobic nationalism, acculturation pressures and patriarchal social relations, Asian men in Western societies may be particularly susceptible to negative experiences and beliefs regarding mental illness and treatment services. Aims: We examine factors associated with stigma toward mental illness among Asian men in Canada. Methods: Between 2013 and 2017, 428 self-identified Asian men living in proximity to Vancouver, Canada, were recruited and completed self-administered questionnaires assessing social stigma and self-stigma. The degree to which these variables were associated with the men’s sociodemographic characteristics was analyzed. Results: Multivariable regression revealed that social stigma was significantly predicted by age, immigration, employment status and experience with mental illness. Together, these variables accounted for 12.36% of variance in social stigma. Interaction terms were added to the regression models to examine whether the effects of immigration on social stigma varied by age and experience with mental illness, but none of the interaction terms were statistically significant. Among the 94 Asian men identified as living with mental illness, self-stigma was predicted by age, immigration and employment status, which together accounted for 14.97% of variance in self-stigma. Conclusion: These results offer new knowledge about the factors predicting stigma toward mental illness among Asian men in Western societies.

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Vitiello, Domenic, and Arthur Acolin. "Institutional Ecosystems of Housing Support in Chinese, Southeast Asian, and African Philadelphia." Journal of Planning Education and Research 37, no. 2 (June 14, 2016): 195–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0739456x16651928.

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How has the diversity of post-1965 immigration to the United States influenced newcomers’ housing experiences and civil society’s housing support systems? Planning scholars have shown immigration’s role in revitalizing cities and housing markets, but we have done less to parse the variety of housing problems that immigrants experience and the ways civil society addresses them. This article examines the recent history of civil society organizations’ housing support strategies in Chinese, Southeast Asian, and African communities in Philadelphia. We find that the diversity within and between groups has shaped largely distinct “institutional ecosystems” and approaches to housing support.

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Tran, Don Quang, Andrew G. Ryder, and G. Eric Jarvis. "Reported immigration and medical coercion among immigrants referred to a cultural consultation service." Transcultural Psychiatry 56, no. 5 (June 6, 2019): 807–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1363461519847811.

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Members of visible minorities are commonly targets of social coercion related to immigration and medical measures. Social coercion is associated with poor mental health outcomes and mistrust of medical services. This study will determine if Afro-Canadian immigrants referred to a Cultural Consultation Service (CCS) in Montreal report more or less medical and immigration coercion compared with other ethnic minorities. We reviewed the charts of 729 referrals to the CCS and gathered data on the 401 patients included in the study. Chi-square statistics examined the relation between minority group and self-reported coercion. Binary logistic regression models controlled for standard sociodemographic variables in addition to ethnicity, language barrier, length of stay in Canada since immigration, refugee claimant status, referral source, presence of psychosis in the main diagnosis, and presence of legal history. Patients were diverse and included 105 Afro-Canadians, 40 Latin Americans, 73 Arab and West Asians, 149 South Asians, and 34 East and Southeast Asians. Being Afro-Canadian was significantly and positively associated with medical coercion (p = .02, 95% CI = 1.15-4.57), while being South Asian was negatively and significantly associated with immigration coercion (p = .03, 95% CI = .29–.93). Members of visible minority communities are not equal in their reported experience of social coercion after arriving to Canada. Future research clarifying pathways to mental health care for immigrants and the experience of new Canadians in immigration and health care settings would give needed context to the findings of this study.

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Lee, Jennifer. "From Undesirable to Marriageable." ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 662, no. 1 (October 11, 2015): 79–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002716215594626.

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Asian Americans are at the vanguard of rising intermarriage in the United States. Once deemed “undesirable” and “unassimilable,” Asian Americans have become the most “marriageable” racial minority group in the country. In this article, I posit that the passage of the 1965 Immigration and Nationality Act altered the socioeconomic profiles of Asian immigrants to the United States, thereby making them more desirable partners in the marriage market. Further, I explain interracial “marriageability” as a social construction and document how the rising rate of intermarriage has resulted in a growing Asian multiracial population that experiences fewer social identity constraints than do other multiracial Americans. Some demographers claim that these trends reflect a “diversity explosion,” in which racial boundaries are upending, especially for Asian Americans. However, the gendered patterns of intermarriage and the persistence of racial and gender stereotypes, including the “model minority” trope in the case of Asian Americans, indicate that while Asians may have achieved racial mobility, racial boundaries persist and inhibit full incorporation.

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Junn, Jane. "FROM COOLIE TO MODEL MINORITY." Du Bois Review: Social Science Research on Race 4, no. 2 (2007): 355–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1742058x07070208.

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I examine how and why the social construction of Asian Americans has changed from coolie to model minority over the last century. I examine the role of the U.S. government in creating policies that systematically select particular types of entrants to the United States. Federal immigration policy privileges high-skilled workers, and a disproportionately large number of Asian immigrants are granted the status of lawful permanent resident by the federal government on the basis of employment preferences. U.S. immigration policy thus creates a selection bias, favoring Asian immigrants with high levels of formal education and social standing. I also consider the consequences of this selection bias for the construction of racial tropes and Asian American identity, and argue that the normative content of the dominant tropes of racial identity is critical in establishing the incentives and costs of identifying with racial and ethnic groups. Immigration policy, and the selection biases it may engender, is an important factor in how those tropes are constructed and experienced. Racial identity should, and does, vary as a function of the unique histories of migration, labor market demands, and shared experiences for people classified by race.

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Paik, Susan J., Stacy M. Kula, L. Erika Saito, Zaynah Rahman, and Matthew A. Witenstein. "Historical Perspectives on Diverse Asian American Communities: Immigration, Incorporation, and Education." Teachers College Record: The Voice of Scholarship in Education 116, no. 8 (August 2014): 1–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016146811411600804.

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Background/Context Asian Americans have recently been reported as the largest incoming immigrant population and the fastest growing racial group. Diverse in culture, tradition, language, and history, they have unique immigrant stories both before and after the Immigration Act in 1965. Historians, sociologists, educators, and other experts inform us that immigrant arrival into a new country has long-standing effects for any cultural group, but there is limited research that collectively and systematically examines historical immigrant experiences, particularly for diverse Asian American populations. Purpose The purpose of this analytic study is to provide a survey of the historical context experienced by diverse Asian American groups and to link these variations to their current educational outcomes. Based on an adapted model of incorporation, the article analyzes the historical experiences into a taxonomy to understand past and present trends. The research question under consideration is: “How do historical experiences of diverse Asian American immigrant populations link to their current educational outcomes?” Research Design The study design employed a historical analysis based on a taxonomy, which helps classify and systematically organize information to understand patterns and themes. To apply the adapted model across the subgroups of East Asian, South Asian, and Southeast Asian major groups, the authors gathered, reviewed, and systematically organized over 100 sources (e.g., literature review, census data, websites, other historical information, etc.). Findings/Results The findings illustrate the diversity that exists within and between Asian American groups in terms of their immigration, incorporation, and educational experiences. The modes of incorporation, as well as additional barriers and opportunities, varied across all Asian American communities. There is further need to disaggregate data as some groups experienced more barriers than opportunities and continue to struggle in the United States. Conclusions/Recommendations Historical contexts can help inform educators, policy makers, and researchers on ways to support Asian American students and their families. In understanding upward mobility, the nature of co-ethnic communities also played a role for the success of some groups. This study challenges the model minority stereotype by discussing the diversity that exists within and between Asian American groups and reveals how key stakeholders can work together to support positive opportunity structures and partnerships.

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Lúzio, Jorge. "The “Orient” in the “New World”: The Carreira da Índia and the Flows between Asia and Portuguese America." Asian Diasporic Visual Cultures and the Americas 2, no. 1-2 (March 2, 2016): 32–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/23523085-00202006.

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The history of Brazil in its colonial period is characterized by the movement of Asian people, goods, and merchandise radiating from Brazilian ports that received ships via the Carreira da Índia, the main sea route integrating the Portuguese Empire both commercially and politically. Asian memory and imagination were present in the urban centres of the Portuguese American colonies in the form of cultural material before the actual presence of Asians, which began to occur through cycles of immigration into Brazilian lands during the nineteenth century. This article traces the circulation of ivory carvings from Asia into Portuguese America as a way of illustrating the presence of Asian material cultures in the New World, as well as the relevance of the Carreira da Índia to these cultural connections.

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Willis, E. M., and L. D. Xiao. "Liminality, the Australian State and Asian Nurse Immigrants." Health, Culture and Society 6, no. 1 (May 19, 2014): 33–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/hcs.2014.118.

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Over the last two decades the flow of Asians to Australia through legitimate immigration programs has accelerated. This is particularly the case for Asian nurses coming from countries that were once subjected to European colonisation. The difficulties encountered by nurses from Asian countries mirror those of earlier waves of migrants. These include navigating the language and differences in cultural mores, values, and beliefs, along with the loneliness that may come from leaving strong family ties at home. While racism has been evident for all earlier waves of migrants, Asians face an additional hurdle linked to the uneasy relationship Australians and the Australian state has with Asia. Australia is geographically in Asia, but culturally Anglo and European. The impact this might have on the working relationships of Asian and Australian born registered nurses is significant given the nature of their work in caring for the sick and elderly. This liminal relationship between the Australian state and Asians provides a theoretical insight into the particular difficulties experienced by Asian nurses and the integration programs that might assist them and their Australian colleagues to develop cohesive working relationships.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Asian immigration'

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