Academic literature on the topic 'Asian Coins'

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Journal articles on the topic "Asian Coins"

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Christie, Jan Wisseman. "Money and its Uses in the Javanese States of the Ninth to Fifteenth Centuries A.D." Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient 39, no. 3 (1996): 243–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1568520962601252.

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AbstractCoins appeared relatively late in the history of maritime Southeast Asia. No indigenous coins have so far been dated to before the very end of the eighth or the beginning of the ninth century A.D. These early gold and silver (or silver alloy) coins, which seem to be unique to the region, have so far been found on the Malay peninsula, on the Indonesian islands of Sumatra, Java and Bali, and in the Philippines. The prototypes for these coins were almost certainly first minted in the Javanese state of Mataram, and the spread of their use was apparently linked to the expansion of this state's influence in the maritime trade networks. As the early Asian sea trade boom began to affect the domestic marketing patterns of Java, after the beginning of the tenth century, the need for large numbers of smaller denomination coins grew more pressing. Chinese copper cash were first imported, and then copied, in order to meet this demand.
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Hauret, Philip. "The Chittagonian Coinage of Arakan’s Royal Sons." Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal 9, no. 9 (September 21, 2022): 361–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/assrj.99.13109.

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A researcher approaching the multi-lingual coins of the former Kingdom of Arakan (circa 1430-1784) must overcome many challenges. Difficult to read specimens, incorrect translations, poor scholarship and at times deficient photography within the existing treatments, when one can find them, are some of the obstacles encountered. Despite all the recent attention the Rohingya controversy has brought to these coins, studying them can still be productive of new information about Arakan. The objectives of this article are relatively modest, nonetheless. It will focus on a particular series of multi-lingual coins issued by a number of Arakanese-appointed governors of the Chittagong region, located in present-day Bangladesh, beginning in the 1570’s and ending circa 1612, with the aim of correcting some mistranslations and errors in descriptions as well as uncovering additional information about these governors, particularly those who were sons of Arakanese kings. It will also assess the effectiveness of the numismatic evidence in approximating the succession of these governors during the subject period. We will be assisted in this endeavor by the sale at auction of a major collection of Chittagonian coins in 2011 by Stephen Album Rare Coins (SARC) of Santa Rosa, California, a numismatic dealer specializing in Asian coinage. This unmatched assemblage of over 75 specimens offers students of Arakanese numismatics an unprecedented opportunity to study these coins, as today’s on-line auctions provide quality digital photography unavailable in the past.
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Grčar, Mina. "Ivan Skušek Jr. and His Collection of Chinese Coins." Asian Studies 9, no. 3 (September 10, 2021): 47–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/as.2021.9.3.47-83.

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Ivan Skušek Jr. (1877–1947), whose collection of Chinese and Japanese objects has been the subject of research and interest in recent years, can be considered the first collector of East Asian objects in the Slovene ethnic space to have built his collection systematically, examining and verifying the provenance, value, and significance of each item. His extensive collection can compare to Western European collections of East Asian objects while at the same time bearing a stamp of local uniqueness pertaining to the European periphery. Skušek’s legacy includes an important collection of Chinese money from all periods of Chinese history, which is introduced in this paper for the first time. A crucial distinction between this and other collections of Chinese coins is that evidence exists that tells us how Skušek collected the coins, and reveals a lot about his sources and advisors. It has long been known that during his stay in Beijing Skušek befriended many influential and knowledgeable people, including a Franciscan missionary, Fr. Maurus Kluge, who assisted him in assembling his numismatic collection. The paper presents the cooperation between the two in the light of a recent find––the original list and summary appraisal of the most valuable part of Skušek’s numismatic collection and Kluge’s letters to Skušek.
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Yasukuni, Ryoichi, and Gaynor Sekimori. "REGIONAL VERSUS STANDARDIZED COINAGE IN EARLY MODERN JAPAN: THE TOKUGAWA KAN'EI TSŪHŌ 寛永通宝." International Journal of Asian Studies 7, no. 2 (June 15, 2010): 131–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1479591410000045.

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In the currency system of early modern Japan, concurrent with gold coins and silver ingots issued under monopoly by the Tokugawa shogunal government from the beginning of its rule, in 1636 a new standard for copper coins was introduced with the Kan'ei tsūhō 寛永通宝, and subsequently a three-currency system spread throughout the country. Prior to that, no central Japanese authority had issued its own copper currency since the ancient imperial court discontinued minting coins bearing its own era-names in the tenth century. In the late sixteenth and early seventeenth century, imitation Chinese Song copper coins minted domestically, known as kyōsen 京銭, played an indispensable role in interregional payments, while separate regional coinages circulated in many of the feudal domains. Imitation Song coins from Japan were also in such strong demand in Southeast Asia that merchants Japanese as well as foreign made large profits by exporting them. The decision to mint the Kan'ei tsūhō arose in part from a strategy to unify the currency domestically, and also to prevent further production and export of the kyōsen at a time when the Tokugawa government was seeking to limit and control foreign trade. This study explores the context in which the Kan'ei tsūhō was introduced, drawing on both documentary and archaeological evidence, to establish a more comprehensive picture of the new coinage than has previously been available. It will be demonstrated that currency unification within the Japanese archipelago represented a breakaway from the East Asian currency sphere, which was dominated by purer silver ingots and Song coins, both originals and later imitations. As a result of the diffusion of the Kan'ei tsūhō, coins circulating domestically tended to become increasingly homogenized nationwide, though in fact a greater degree of regionality and stratification remained than has previously been thought.
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Wolters, Willem G. "Heavy and light money in the Netherlands Indies and the Dutch Republic: dilemmas of monetary management with unit of account systems." Financial History Review 15, no. 1 (April 2008): 37–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0968565008000048.

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AbstractIn its Asian operations the Dutch United East Indies Company (VOC) (1602–1798) acted both as a territorial ruler and as a trading company. The company shipped large amounts of precious metals to Asia, both in the form of bullion and as coins, to pay for its trade and to provide currency for the areas under its control. The Company faced the problem that silver coins rapidly disappeared from circulation, as demand for silver was high in Asia. The Company attempted to manage the problem with a monetary policy using a unit of account, modelled after the policy of the Dutch Republic. It turned out that the two purposes of the money of account system, viz., putting the bookkeeping on a systematic basis and managing the currency in circulation, were conflicting. The first demanded a fixed unit of account, the second demanded a flexible policy of linking and de-linking the unit of account to real coins. Although the Company managed to muddle through this dilemma, it only succeeded in finding temporary solutions.
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Mukherjee, Rila. "Studying the Asian Ocean-Sea." India Quarterly: A Journal of International Affairs 76, no. 3 (September 2020): 425–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0974928420936137.

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This article urges a rethinking of South Asian cosmography to counter our notion of seascapes lying outside notions of sovereignty, territoriality and technologies of control. While seas have emerged as central to economic and political security for most of the worlds’ states, this is seen as a comparatively new phenomenon because South Asia’s territoriality has always been seen as land-based. The emphasis on the modern has resulted in a neglect of South Asia’s rich tradition of maritime expressiveness and generates a ‘maritime blindness’ affecting policy formulation, despite works on seafaring which trace diverse maritime perceptions from Pali and Sanskrit literature, sculptures, coins, paintings and epigraphy. This article claims that waterscapes were not absent in Asian ideas of territoriality, but differentiating between awareness in literary expressions of political selfhood wherein rulers saw the sea as boundary or even space of overlordship, and actual instances of ordering and controlling maritime spaces is important. By contrast, China’s example as keeper of meticulous records pertaining to maritime matters shows attempts at actively controlling maritime spaces and provides new ways of reading South Asian perceptions of the sea.
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Feenstra, Alberto. "Requests from the Indies. Asian Agency in the VOC’s Currency Supply to Eighteenth-Century Java." Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient 63, no. 5-6 (November 11, 2020): 853–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685209-12341525.

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Abstract This paper reconstructs the chain of demand for cash from Asia to the Dutch Republic in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. It shows that the Javanese’s currency preferences were visible in the exports from Europe. The growing Dutch involvement in Javanese society from the 1680s increased and transformed the composition of the currencies requested from the Dutch Republic, towards more smaller denomination coins. The paper also demonstrates that with regard to the money supply, considerations of state prevailed over purely business interests. The limitations to the Dutch power forced them to adjust to the local power holders their currency preferences.
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Akin, Marjorie, James C. Bard, and Gary J. Weisz. "Asian Coins Recovered from Chinese Railroad Labor Camps: Evidence of Cultural Practices and Transnational Exchange." Historical Archaeology 49, no. 1 (March 2015): 110–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03376962.

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Castrizio, Daniele. "THE ANTIKYTHERA WRECK: A NUMISMATIC APPROACH." Ukrainian Numismatic Annual, no. 5 (December 30, 2021): 105–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.31470/2616-6275-2021-5-105-120.

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The paper examines the coins found inside the Antikythera wreck. The wreck of Antikythera was discovered by chance by some sponge fishermen in October 1900, in the northern part of the island of Antikythera. The archaeological excavation of the wreck has allowed the recovery of many finds in marble and bronze, with acquisitions of human skeletons related to the crew of the sunken ship, in addition to the famous “Antikythera mechanism”. Various proposals have been made for the chronology of the shipwreck, as well as the port of departure of the ship, which have been based on literary sources or on the chronology of ceramic finds. As far as coins are concerned, it should be remembered that thirty-six silver coins and some forty bronze coins were recovered in 1976, all corroded and covered by encrustations. The separate study of the two classes of materials, those Aegean and those Sicilian allows to deepen the history of the ship shipwrecked to Antikythera. The treasury of silver coinage is composed of thirty-six silver cistophoric tetradrachms, 32 of which are attributable to the mint of Pergamon and 4 to that of Ephesus. From the chronological point of view, the coins minted in Pergamon have been attributed by scholars to the years from 104/98 B.C. to 76/67 B.C., the date that marks the end of the coinage until 59 B.C. The coins of Ephesus are easier to date because they report the year of issue, even if, in the specimens found, the only legible refers to the year 53, corresponding to our 77/76 B.C., if it is assumed as the beginning of the era of Ephesus its elevation to the capital of the province of Asia in 129 B.C., or 82/81 B.C., if we consider 134/133 B.C., the year of the creation of the Provincia Asiana. As for the three legible bronzes, we note that there are a specimen of Cnidus and two of Ephesus. The coin of the city of Caria was dated by scholars in the second half of the third century B.C. The two bronzes of Ephesus are dated almost unanimously around the middle of the first century B.C., although this fundamental data was never considered for the dating of the shipwreck. The remaining three legible bronzes from Asian mints, two from the Katane mint and one from the Panormos mint, belong to a completely different geographical context, such as Sicily, with its own circulation of coins. The two coins of Katane show a typology with a right-facing head of Dionysus with ivy crown, while on the reverse we find the figures of the Pii Fratres of Katane, Amphinomos and Anapias, with their parents on their shoulders. The specimen of Panormos has on the front the graduated head of Zeus turned to the left, and on the verse the standing figure of a warrior with whole panoply, in the act of offering a libation, with on the left the monogram of the name of the mint. As regards the series of Katane, usually dated to the second century B.C., it should be noted, as, moreover, had already noticed Michael Crawford, that there is an extraordinary similarity between the reverse of these bronzes and that of the issuance of silver denarii in the name of Sextus Pompey, that have on the front the head of the general, facing right, and towards the two brothers from Katane on the sides of a figure of Neptune with an aplustre in his right hand, and the foot resting on the bow of the ship, dated around 40 B.C., during the course of the Bellum siculum. We wonder how it is possible to justify the presence in a wreck of the half of the first century B.C. of two specimens of a very rare series of one hundred and fifty years before, but well known to the engravers of the coins of Sextus Pompey. The only possible answer is that Katane coins have been minted more recently than scholars have established. For the coin series of Panormos, then, it must be kept in mind that there are three different variants of the same type of reverse, for which it is not possible to indicate a relative chronology. In one coin issue, the legend of the ethnic is written in Greek characters all around the warrior; in another coin we have a monogram that can be easily dissolved as an abbreviation of the name of the city of Panormos; in the third, in addition to the same monogram, we find the legend CATO, written in Latin characters. In our opinion, this legend must necessarily refer to the presence in Sicily of Marcus Porcius Cato of Utica, with the charge of propraetor in the year 49 B.C. Drawing the necessary consequences from the in-depth analysis, the data of the Sicilian coins seem to attest to their production towards the middle of the first century B.C., in line with what is obtained from the ceramic material found inside the shipwrecked ship, and from the dating of the coins of Ephesus. The study of numismatic materials and a proposal of more precise dating allows to offer a new chronological data for the sinking of the ship. The presence of rare bronze coins of Sicilian mints suggests that the ship came from a port on the island, most likely from that of Katane.
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Feenstra, Alberto. "Dutch Coins for Asian Growth. VOC-duiten to Assess Java’s Deep Monetisation and Economic Growth, 1724-1800." Tijdschrift voor Sociale en Economische Geschiedenis/ The Low Countries Journal of Social and Economic History 11, no. 3 (September 15, 2014): 153. http://dx.doi.org/10.18352/tseg.148.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Asian Coins"

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Lauritsen, Frederick Michael. "Some Greek imperial coins from Southeastern Asia Minor /." Ann Arbor : University Microfilms International, 1985. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb348329079.

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Heuchert, Volker. "Roman coins from the Province of Asia in the Antonine Period (138-192)." Thesis, [S.l. : s.n], 1997. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb42008006r.

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Bordeaux, Olivier. "Les successeurs d’Alexandre le Grand en Asie Centrale et en Inde, à partir de la restitution des trésors monétaires et des études de coins." Thesis, Paris 4, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA040129.

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La présence des Grecs en Asie Centrale et en Inde est la conséquence directe des expéditions d’Alexandre le Grand, lesquelles donneront naissance vers 250 avant J.-C. au royaume gréco-bactrien et vers 180 avant J.-C. au royaume indo-grec, séparés par l’Hindu Kush. 260 ans plus tard, le dernier souverain grec tombe sous les assauts indo-scythes. L’étude des monnaies frappées par les 45 rois de ces deux royaumes est fondamentale pour comprendre leur évolution économique et politique.A partir d’un corpus majoritairement inédit, fondé sur les monnaies issues du marché de l’art, nos travaux de thèse se sont focalisés sur six souverains présentant des problématiques intéressantes : la division du monnayage des souverains homonymes Diodote I et II, l’évolution typologique de l’Héraclès au revers des monnaies d’Euthydème I, les liens existants entre les monnayages d’Eucratide I et de Ménandre I, la place d’Hippostrate dans les souverains indo-grecs et indo-scythes.La méthodologie retenue, l’étude de coins, nous a permis d’apporter de nouvelles et précieuses informations sur les ateliers monétaires et le sens que l’on peut attribuer aux monogrammes
The Graeco-Bactrian and Indo-Greek kingdoms find their origins in the consequences following Alexander the Great’s expeditions in Central Asia and India. Circa 250 BC, the Seleucid satrap seceded from the Seleucid kingdom and became king under the name Diodotus I; the Indo-greek kingdom appears circa 180 BC when the Greeks cross the Hindu Kush. 260 years later, the Indo-Scythians put an end to their presence. The coins struck by the 45 Graeco-Bactrian and Indo-Greek kings are the main data available to historians.Mostly based on unpublished coins sold on the art market, our PhD focuses on six kings, each of them offering a specific problematic: the coinages of Diodotus I and II, that presents the same title and typology; the evolution of the Heracles on the reverse of Euthydemus I’s coins; the links regarding especially the position of the legend on Eucratides I’s and Menander I’s coins; the position of Hippostratos among the last Indo-Greek kings in the West Panjab and the Indo-Scythians.The data provided by the die-studies allows us to dismiss or sustain the many hypotheses concerning the mints and their locations, as well as the meaning of monograms
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Hochard, Pierre-Olivier. "La croisée des Empires : Monnaie et formes de pouvoir en Lydie aux époques hellénistique et impériale : (336 avant J.C. - 268 de notre ère)." Thesis, Tours, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOUR2007.

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L’étude de la Lydie antique s’est traditionnellement concentrée sur deux points : les recherches sur les origines de la monnaie et la période lydo-perse d’une part, et la cité de Sardes d’autre part. Cette recherche propose d’étudier cette région à partir d’un corpus numismatique, afin d’établir l’histoire de la Lydie à travers les différentes expériences impériales des époques hellénistique et romaine. Avec la conquête d’Alexandre le Grand et l’installation de l’ordre séleucide, la Lydie entre pleinement dans le monde grec. Avec l’extension de la puissance pergaménienne, et donc la rivalité croissante entre les Attalides et les Séleucides, les cités lydiennes se trouvent au coeur des grands enjeux internationaux de la période. Malgré l’installation romaine à la fin du IIe siècle avant J.-C., la Lydie reste troublée par les tensions de la basse époque hellénistique. L’étude de la période impériale ouvre d’autres perspectives : questionner la rupture traditionnelle entre période hellénistique et romaine, appréhender les conséquences la réforme monétaire d’Auguste, étudier les relations entre hellénisme et romanité et apporter un éclairage nouveau sur la « crise » du IIIe siècle. Cette étude propose d’inscrire la Lydie dans un temps long permettant de questionner les modalités de son intégration aux espaces impériaux qui la dominent et d’interroger les processus d’hellénisation et de romanisation d’une région orientale au passé prestigieux
The study of antique Lydia has traditionally been focused on two lines: research on the origin of the money and the Lydo-Persian period on the one hand, and the city of Sardis on the other hand. The aim of this research is to study the history of this region from a collection of numismatic sources, to establish the story of Lydia through the different imperial experience of the Hellenistic and Imperial areas. With Alexander’s conquest and the installation of the Seleucid’s organisation, Lydia completely joined the Greek world. With the extension of Pergamon’s power, and the rising rivalry between the Attalids and the Seleucids, Lydian cities found themselves at the heart of the time period’s major international issues. Despite the Roman settlement in Asia Minor at the end of the second century B.C., Lydia experienced tensions from lower Hellenistic period on. The study of the imperial period opens up other perspectives: disregarding the traditional separation between the Hellenistic and the Roman periods, grasping the consequences of Augustus’s monetary reform, reviewing the links between Hellenism and Romanity, and providing a new light upon the “crisis” of the Third century. This study would fit Lydia into a long time period, questioning its integration into imperial spaces which prevail over, and questioning the process of Hellenisation and Romanisation of a region which has a glorious past
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Books on the topic "Asian Coins"

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Čuhaj, George S. South Asian coins and paper money. Iola, Wis: Krause Publications, 2013.

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Mitchiner, Michael. Early South-East Asian currency systems. Napoli: Istituto Universitario Orientale, 1990.

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Mitchiner, Michael. Early South-east Asian currency systems. Napoli: Istituto Universitario Orientale, 1990.

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Nasir, Pervin T. Rare coins in the National Museum of Pakistan, Karachi. Karachi: National Museum of Pakistan, 1997.

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Daniel, Howard A. The catalog and guidebook of Southeast Asian coins and currency. Ho Chi Minh: The Southeast Asian Treasury, 2012.

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Jongeward, David. Kushan, Kushano-Sasanian, and Kidarite coins: A catalogue of coins from the American Numismatic Society. New York: The American Numismatic Society, 2014.

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France. Direction des monnaies et médailles. Monnaies d'Asie du sud et du sud-est. Paris: Direction des monnaies et médailles, 1991.

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Şentürk, Şennur, and Ersel Topraktepe. Sikkeler ne anlatır?: Ortaçağ anadolu sikkelerinde simgeler ve çokkültürlülük = What the coins tell us : symbols and multicultural aspects in medieval Anatolian coins. Istanbul: YKY, 2009.

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Azis, Iwan J. Managing Elevated Risk: Global Liquidity, Capital Flows, and Macroprudential Policy - An Asian Perspective. Cham: Springer Nature, 2015.

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Wang, Helen. Money on the Silk Road: The evidence from Eastern Central Asia to c. AD 800. London: British Museum Press, 2004.

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Book chapters on the topic "Asian Coins"

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Wang, Helen. "Western collectors of East Asian coins in the 19th century." In Institutions and Individuals, 92–105. New York: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003128236-8.

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Flajolet, Philippe. "Counting by Coin Tossings." In Advances in Computer Science - ASIAN 2004. Higher-Level Decision Making, 1–12. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-30502-6_1.

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Roy, Kaushik. "Modern Insurgencies and COIN in the Asian Empires." In Modern Insurgencies and Counterinsurgencies, 98–119. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003174455-5.

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Hardaker, Terry, Mayank Vahia, and Nisha Yadav. "Astronomical Symbols on Indian Punchmarked Coins?" In The Growth and Development of Astronomy and Astrophysics in India and the Asia-Pacific Region, 463–67. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-3645-4_28.

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Yano, Makoto. "Theory of Money: From Ancient Japanese Copper Coins to Virtual Currencies." In Economics, Law, and Institutions in Asia Pacific, 59–75. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-3376-1_4.

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Takeda, Masaaki. "Kicking Away the Gold Coins: Ōtsuka Hisao’s Reading of Robinson Crusoe and the “Human Archetype” of Post-war Japan." In Robinson Crusoe in Asia, 181–99. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-4051-3_9.

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Valiani, Rolando. "EC-ASEAN Trade and Industrial Co-operation: The Pros and Cons." In Western Europe and South-East Asia, 113–17. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-10262-4_8.

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Ryu, Young Geun. "Non-shaven Follicular Unit Extraction in East Asians: Pros and Cons." In Practical Aspects of Hair Transplantation in Asians, 311–20. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-56547-5_33.

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Lederman, Norman G. "Commentary: Assessment: The Pros and Cons of this Necessary “Evil”." In Science Education Research and Practice in Asia, 377–82. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-0847-4_21.

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"Harvard East Asian Monographs." In Coins, Trade, and the State, 259–71. BRILL, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/9781684175079_012.

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Conference papers on the topic "Asian Coins"

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Wang, Xin, Jiale Ren, Wei Shi, Tao Wang, Xuhui Guo, and Yiyuan Han. "Improved YoloV5 for the Authenticity Identification of Silver Coins in Modern China." In 2022 6th Asian Conference on Artificial Intelligence Technology (ACAIT). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/acait56212.2022.10138006.

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Nuriman, Harry, Nia Kurniasih, Setiawan Sabana, Intan R. Mutiaz, and Rikrik K. Andryanto. "From Verbal to Three-dimensional Digital Visual Texts: A Construction of a Javanese Prince." In GLOCAL Conference on Asian Linguistic Anthropology 2020. The GLOCAL Unit, SOAS University of London, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.47298/cala2020.13-2.

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Visualizations of the body of the famous Javanese Prince Diponegoro appears in various media, ranging across sketches, paintings, sculptures, banknotes and coins, shadow puppets, stamps, theatrical performances and electronic devices. All these visualizations mostly follow previous visualizations influenced by artist imaginations. This research seeks to present Prince Diponegoro in three-dimensional animated visualization using a motion capture technique. To complete this, the project draws from authentic manuscript research from the autobiography of Babad Diponegoro. Further, the project employs intertextuality as a method with which to interpolate the data, and hence to obtain a satisfactory overall visualization. The physical features, gestures and paralinguistic elements contained in the verbal text of Babad Diponegoro have been employed using motion capture data based on events written in the Babad Diponegoro. Many existing representations of the prince exist. However, this study attempts to rethink these existing visualizations, so as to produce a much more accurate, if not completely new, icon, thus differing to existing representations.
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Рогожинский, А. Е., and Д. В. Черемисин. "AN UNUSUAL SUBJECT IN THE ROCK ART IMAGERY OF THE OLD-TURKIC PERIOD FROM THE ALTAI." In Труды Сибирской Ассоциации исследователей первобытного искусства. Crossref, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.25681/iaras.2019.978-5-202-01433-8.361-366.

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В 2001 г. в долине р. Чаган на Алтае найдена и опубликована Д.В.Черемисиным удивительная миниатюра, гравированная на скале в древнетюркское время. В центре изображен породистый конь с тамгой на крупе, с двух сторон удерживаемый на веревках воинами третий воин готовится выстрелить в животное из лука. Первоначально воспринятая как сцена укрощения или жертвоприношения коня, эта картина теперь рассматривается авторами как необычный для традиционного наскального искусства и для эпоса кочевников Центральной Азии сюжет, повествующий о намеренном убийстве коня, отмеченного тамгой его владельца. Точный возраст миниатюры пока не установлен. Своеобразная форма тамги имеет сходство с тамгами басмылов, представленными на памятниках Монголии, но более напоминает тамгу тюргешей, известную по нумизматическим материалам и петроглифам Семиречья. In 2001 an amazing miniature engraved during the Old-Turkic period on a rock in the Chagan Valley in the Altai, was found and published by D.V. Cheremisin. In the center of the composition a thoroughbred horse with a tamga on its croup is engraved, it is held with ropes by two warriors the third warrior is preparing to shoot the animal with a bow. Originally perceived as a scene of taming or sacrificing a horse, this depiction is now considered by the authors as a subject, unusual for the traditional rock art and for the epic of Central Asian nomads: the purposive killing of a horse marked by its owners tamga. The exact dating of the engravings has not yet been established. The peculiar form of the tamga resembles the Basmyls tamga represented in rock art and at the memorial stele from Bombogor (Mongolia), but is more reminiscent of the tamga of the Turgeshes, known from early medieval coins and petroglyphs of the Semirechye in Kazakhstan.
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4

Zepp, Raymond. "Analysis of a Multi-Country University Collaboration: The Erasmus + Friends Project." In ACBSP Region 10 Annual Conference 2023. CamEd Business School, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.62458/camed/oar/acbsp/17-22.

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The paper examines the pros and cons of a three-year collaboration among 11 universities from 5 Asian countries and 4 Eastern European universities. The FRIENDS project, sponsored by the European Union, was centered on the theme of Internationalization at Home (IaH), to provide international experiences to university students staying on their home campuses, without traveling abroad. The methodology and analysis are based on interviews, over three years of the Project, with delegates from the 11 participating universities. Key focal points of the interviewees (of their choosing) were the nature of Europe-Asia collaboration, variations among the universities (especially disparities in size), unexpected consequences arising from the collaboration, and difficulties in the implementation of project activities. Suggestions are made regarding future such collaborations, especially for small universities that find it difficult to meet stringent targets for student numbers and other outputs. Keywords: Collaboration, project, internationalization, goals.
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Junaidi, Mr. "Physical Fitness Profile of Indonesian Female Rugby Athletes for Asian Games 2018." In Proceedings of the 2nd Yogyakarta International Seminar on Health, Physical Education, and Sport Science (YISHPESS 2018) and 1st Conference on Interdisciplinary Approach in Sports (CoIS 2018). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/yishpess-cois-18.2018.102.

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6

Xin, Shihao. "Research of intelligent bus coin box." In 11TH ASIAN CONFERENCE ON CHEMICAL SENSORS: (ACCS2015). Author(s), 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4977289.

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Kim, Yong-Joon, Young-Taek Oh, Seung-Hyun Yoon, Myung-Soo Kim, and Gershon Elber. "Coons BVH for freeform geometric models." In the 2011 SIGGRAPH Asia Conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2024156.2024203.

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8

Liu, M., S. Y. Liang, T. N. Wong, and G. K. Nathan. "Performance Study of Finned Tube Evaporators in a Humid Environment." In ASME 1997 Turbo Asia Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/97-aa-031.

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Finned tube evaporators are commonly used as cross flow heat exchangers in air conditioning and refrigeration systems for cooling and dehumidification. A simulation model for the steady-state performance of evaporator coils is developed in this paper. The coils are simulated as equivalent, parallel refrigerant circuits. The governing equations for heat and mass balance across the tube are presented. Local heat and mass balances are applied to a control volume of infinitesimal tube length along the surface of each row for different heat transfer zones, and the uneven distribution of air temperature inside the coils and the local flow characteristics of the refrigerant are simulated. The effects of evaporating temperature, coil face velocity, inlet air temperature and relative humidity on the evaporator performance are presented. The simulation results related to the humid environment with a fixed coil geometry are discussed.
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Chikaraishi, H., and H. Noguchi. "Study of low ripple Dc power supply for superconducting coils." In ECCE Asia (ICPE 2011- ECCE Asia). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icpe.2011.5944783.

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Lurje, Pavel. "TURKO-SOGDIAN COINS AND THEIR FINDS IN PANJAKENT." In ANCIENT AND MEDIEVAL CULTURES OF CENTRAL ASIA (THE FORMATION, DEVELOPMENT AND INTERACTION OF URBANIZED AND CATTLE-BREEDING SOCIETIES). Institute for the History of Material Culture of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31600/978-5-907298-09-5-278-281.

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